JP6900183B2 - Honing processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a honing processing apparatus.

Conventionally, a honing processing device for polishing the inner peripheral surface of a hole formed in a work has been known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Patent Document 1 describes a tool head in which a plurality of grindstones are mounted so as to be movable in the radial direction and the entire grindstone is rotationally driven in a state where a plurality of grindstones are arranged in the circumferential direction, and a grindstone diameter scaling means for moving each grindstone in the radial direction. The provided configuration is disclosed. The grindstone diameter expansion / contraction means is composed of a tapered extruded portion whose diameter is reduced downward, and when the extruded portion is lowered, the grindstone mounting plate is pushed outward in the radial direction and the diameter of the circumscribed circle of all the grindstones is expanded. It is supposed to be done.

Then, the tool head is inserted into the hole of the work, the grindstone is pushed outward in the radial direction, the tool head is rotated while being pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the hole, and the hole of the work is polished by repeating the ascent and descent of the tool head. can do.

By the way, in general, in a honing machine, the diameter of the circumscribed circle of all the grindstones is different due to the change in the grindstone posture between when the tool head is raised and when the tool head is lowered, and the cutting force may change. ..

Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, an opening hole 121a into which the grindstone 130a is movably fitted in the radial direction is formed in the peripheral wall portion of the tool head 120. The opening hole 121a is slightly larger than the grindstone mounting plate 130 in order to move the grindstone mounting plate 130 smoothly. In addition, in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, this gap C is emphasized and expressed.

Therefore, when the tool head 120 is lowered, the grindstone 130a is lowered while being pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the hole Wa of the work W, so that the grindstone mounting plate 130 comes into contact with the upper edge of the opening hole 121a and is on the upper side. It will be in a state of being biased to. Then, a gap C is formed between the lower edge portion of the opening hole 121a and the grindstone mounting plate 130, and the grindstone 130a moves radially outward along the tapered portion 127 of the extruded portion 125 (see FIG. 8). ).

On the other hand, when the tool head 120 rises, the grindstone 130a rises while being pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the hole Wa of the work W, so that the grindstone mounting plate 130 comes into contact with the lower edge portion of the opening hole 121a and lowers. It will be in a state of being biased to the side. Then, a gap C is formed between the upper edge portion of the opening hole 121a and the grindstone mounting plate 130, and the grindstone 130a moves inward in the radial direction along the tapered portion 127 of the extruded portion 125 (see FIG. 9). ).

In this way, when the tool head is lowered, the diameter D1 of the circumscribed circle of all the grindstones becomes larger than the diameter of the target finishing dimension, while when the tool head is raised, the diameter of the circumscribed circle of all the grindstones is large. The diameter D2 tends to be smaller than the diameter of the target finishing dimension. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10, a machining error occurs between when the tool head is raised and when the tool head is lowered. Further, when the tool head is raised, the machining efficiency is lowered, and as a result, the machining time becomes long.

Therefore, in the invention of Patent Document 1, while detecting whether the grindstone is in contact with the work, the hydraulic cylinder or the air cylinder controls the cutting force of the grindstone so as to be constant when the tool holder is raised or lowered. By doing so, the excessive biting of the grindstone into the work is prevented.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 5-318308

However, in the conventional configuration in which the hydraulic cylinder and air cylinder are controlled so that the cutting force is constant when the tool holder is raised and lowered, the structure becomes complicated and the number of parts increases. There was a problem that the cost increased.

The present invention has been made in view of this point, and an object of the present invention is a honing process that has a relatively simple structure and can keep the cutting force of the grindstone constant when the honing tool is raised and lowered. To provide the equipment.

The present invention targets a honing tool including a honing tool having a grindstone, a tool driving device for driving the honing tool, and a control device for controlling the operation of the tool driving device, and the following solutions are provided. Was taken.

That is, in the first invention, the honing tool has a cylindrical head portion in which a plurality of opening holes are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the grindstone is mounted and fitted into the opening holes of the head portion. A grindstone mounting plate that can slide in the radial direction and the rotation axis direction , and a cone portion that pushes the grindstone mounting plate outward in the radial direction so that the diameter of the circumscribing circle of the grindstone increases as it moves downward. Have and
The tool driving device adjusts the cutting force of the grindstone by adjusting the lifting mechanism for raising and lowering the honing tool, the rotating mechanism for rotating the honing tool, and the amount of vertical movement of the cone portion. Has a mechanism and
The control device is
While controlling the rotation mechanism and the elevating mechanism so as to repeat descent and ascent while rotating the honing tool,
When decelerating when changing the direction of the honing tool from descending to ascending or from ascending to descending, the cone portion is moved upward to reduce the cutting force of the grindstone, while acceleration after changing the direction of the honing tool. Occasionally, the position of the cone portion when ascending is moved to a position lower than that when descending , and the grindstone mounting plate is pushed outward in the radial direction so that the diameter D2 of the circumscribed circle of the grindstone when ascending is lowered. The cutting adjustment mechanism is controlled so as to be substantially equal to the diameter D1 of the circumscribed circle of the grindstone.

In the first invention, when the honing tool is repeatedly lowered and raised while rotating, the cutting force of the grindstone is temporarily reduced at the time of deceleration when changing the direction from lowering to rising or rising to lowering. Then, when accelerating after changing the direction, the position of the cone portion is moved so that it is located lower when ascending than when descending.

As a result, the cutting force of the grindstone can be made constant when the honing tool is raised and lowered. Specifically, since the opening hole is slightly larger than the grindstone mounting plate, this gap causes the grindstone mounting plate to be offset downward or upward when the honing tool is raised or lowered. , The diameter of the circumscribed circle of the grindstone may be different, and the cutting force may change.

Therefore, in the present invention, paying attention to the fact that the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the grindstone tends to become smaller when the honing tool is raised, the position of the cone portion is set to be lower when ascending than when descending. I'm moving it. As a result, the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the grindstone, that is, the cutting force can be made substantially constant between when the honing tool is raised and when the honing tool is lowered, so that it is possible to suppress a difference in finishing dimensions. Further, even when the honing tool is raised, the machining efficiency does not decrease and the machining time can be shortened.

According to the present invention, the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the grindstone, that is, the cutting force can be made substantially constant between when the honing tool is raised and when the honing tool is lowered. The processing time can be shortened as well as the processing of.

It is a side view which shows the structure of the honing processing apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of a honing tool. It is a side sectional view which shows the structure of a honing tool. It is a side sectional view which shows the state which the grindstone is extruded according to the movement amount of a cone part. It is a side sectional view for comparing the position of the cone part at the time of lowering and raising of a honing tool. It is a timing chart figure which shows the relationship between a cutting force and a vertical stroke speed. It is a graph which shows the difference between a processing diameter and a target diameter. It is a side sectional view which shows the position of the grindstone when the tool head which concerns on the prior art is lowered. It is a side sectional view which shows the position of the grindstone when the tool head which concerns on the prior art is raised. It is a graph which shows the difference between the target diameter and the processing diameter in the honing processing apparatus which concerns on the prior art by partially enlarging.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the following description of the preferred embodiment is essentially merely an example and is not intended to limit the present invention, its application or its use.

As shown in FIG. 1, the honing processing device 10 includes a honing tool 20 for polishing the inner peripheral surface of the hole Wa formed in the work W, a tool driving device 40 for driving the honing tool 20, and a tool driving device 40. It is provided with a control device 60 for controlling the operation.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the honing tool 20 has a head portion 21, a spindle portion 22, and a rod 23. The spindle portion 22 is made of a hollow shaft member, and extends in the vertical direction with its center aligned with the rotation axis J. The upper end portion of the spindle portion 22 is rotatably supported by the tool driving device 40 around the rotation axis J.

The rod 23 is housed inside the spindle portion 22 with its center aligned with the rotation axis J. The rod 23 is configured to be slidable and rotatable in the rotation axis J direction independently of the spindle portion 22, and can move forward and backward in the vertical direction as the cutting adjustment motor 56, which will be described later, is driven to rotate.

A cylindrical head portion 21 is provided at the lower end of the spindle portion 22. The head portion 21 is integrally formed with the spindle portion 22 in a state where the center thereof coincides with the rotation axis J. The head portion 21 includes a cone portion 25, a first grindstone mounting plate 31 on which a grindstone 31a for rough polishing is mounted, and a second grindstone mounting plate 32 on which a plurality of grindstones 32a for finish polishing are mounted. Hereinafter, when it is not necessary to distinguish between the rough polishing and the finish polishing, the grindstone 30a and the grindstone mounting plate 30 will be described.

The honing processing apparatus 10 is configured so that one honing tool 20 can automatically switch between two stages of rough polishing and finish polishing. The details of the head portion 21 will be described later.

As shown in FIG. 1, the tool driving device 40 includes an elevating mechanism 41 for raising and lowering the honing tool 20, a rotating mechanism 50 for rotating the honing tool 20 around a rotation axis J, and a cutting force of the grindstone 30a of the honing tool 20. It has a notch adjusting mechanism 55 for adjusting the above. The elevating mechanism 41, the rotating mechanism 50, and the notch adjusting mechanism 55 are mounted on the column 11 of the honing processing device 10.

The elevating mechanism 41 raises and lowers the spindle table 42 by rotating a spindle table 42 that rotatably holds the honing tool 20, a guide rail 43 that can slide the spindle table 42 in the vertical direction, and a ball screw (not shown). It has a feed drive motor 44.

The rotation mechanism 50 includes a transmission belt 51 that transmits a rotational force to the honing tool 20, and a rotation drive motor 52 that rotates the honing tool 20 about the rotation axis J via the transmission belt 51.

The cutting adjustment mechanism 55 raises and lowers the rod 23 of the honing tool 20 and adjusts the amount of movement of the cone portion 25 in the vertical direction to adjust the amount of protrusion of the grindstone 30a in the radial direction, that is, the cutting force of the grindstone 30a. It has a notch adjusting motor 56 for adjusting.

The motors mounted on the honing device 10 such as the elevating mechanism 41, the rotating mechanism 50, and the notch adjusting mechanism 55 are comprehensively driven and controlled by the control device 60. For example, the control device 60 is equipped with various control programs such as a processing program that executes a series of polishing processes and a switching program that executes a switching process for switching the grindstone to be polished.

The control device 60 is housed inside the bed 12 of the honing processing device 10. A work mounting table 15 on which the work W is placed is arranged on the bed 12. In the present embodiment, the work W is composed of a cylindrical member, and the inner peripheral surface of the hole Wa of the work W is polished.

As shown in FIG. 3, the cone portion 25 is composed of a structure in which a conical cone body 25a with the top facing downward is connected in two upper and lower stages, and is integrally connected to the lower end of the rod 23 to be inside the head portion 21. It is located in the center. The cone portion 25 slides and rotates together with the rod 23.

The cone body 25a is provided with a plurality of recesses 26 and a plurality of tapered portions 27. The recesses 26 are elongated grooves extending in the J direction of the rotation axis, and are arranged radially at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The tapered portion 27 is formed by a portion between adjacent recesses 26, and is arranged radially at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The tapered portion 27 has an inclined surface that is inclined with respect to the rotation axis J.

A plurality of grindstone mounting plates 30 having a plate shape are radially arranged around the cone portion 25. A plurality of opening holes 21a are formed in the head portion 21 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the grindstone mounting plate 30 is fitted into the opening holes 21a and is slidable in the radial direction.

A grindstone 30a is mounted on the tip of the grindstone mounting plate 30. The grindstone 30a has a grindstone 31a for rough polishing and a grindstone 32a for finish polishing, and are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction. The grindstone 31a for rough polishing is mounted on the first grindstone mounting plate 31, and the grindstone 32a for finish polishing is mounted on the second grindstone mounting plate 32.

The grindstone mounting plate 30 is supported by the head portion 21 so as to be slidably displaceable in the radial direction, and is constantly urged by an elastic member such as a rubber ring 35 so as to be pulled inward in the radial direction. At the base end of the grindstone mounting plate 30, a contact portion 33 having substantially the same inclination angle as the inclined surface of the upper and lower tapered portions 27 of the cone portion 25 and being able to face them is formed.

The base end of the grindstone mounting plate 30 can enter and exit the recess 26 of the cone portion 25 and can come into contact with the tapered portion 27.

In the example shown in FIG. 4, the first grindstone mounting plate 31 having the grindstone 31a for rough polishing comes into contact with the tapered portion 27, and the second grindstone mounting plate 32 having the grindstone 32a for finish polishing enters the recess 26. It represents the state.

When the base end of the second grindstone mounting plate 32 enters the recess 26, the grindstone 32a at the tip is retracted and cannot be polished (retracted position). On the other hand, when the contact portion 33 at the base end of the first grindstone mounting plate 31 comes into contact with the tapered portion 27, the grindstone 31a at the tip thereof protrudes outward in the radial direction and becomes in a state where it can be polished (use position).

Specifically, in the first grindstone mounting plate 31 at the used position, as the cone portion 25 moves downward from the position shown in FIG. 3, the contact portion 33 comes into contact with the tapered portion 27 and is gradually pushed outward in the radial direction. Is done. As a result, the locus of the circumscribed circle formed by the outer surface of the grindstone 31a of the first grindstone mounting plate 31 expands in the radial direction.

In the honing processing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, the grindstone to be polished can be switched to either a grindstone for rough polishing 31a or a grindstone for finish polishing 32a. Specifically, when the cone portion 25 is in the switching position shown in FIG. 3, the base end of the grindstone mounting plate 30 is separated from the recess 26 and the tapered portion 27, and the cone portion 25 is the grindstone mounting plate 30. It becomes possible to rotate independently of.

Then, when the cone portion 25 is displaced (descended) from the switching position, it returns to the used state shown in FIG. At that time, at the switching position, the cone portion 25 rotates relative to the head portion 21 by a predetermined angle (switching angle: 360 ° / total number of grindstone mounting plates 30) to roughen the grindstone to be polished. It is possible to switch between the grindstone 31a for polishing and the grindstone 32a for finish polishing.

By the way, the opening hole 21a formed in the head portion 21 of the honing tool 20 is slightly larger than the grindstone mounting plate 30 in order to smoothly move the grindstone mounting plate 30 in the radial direction. In FIG. 5, this gap C is emphasized and expressed.

Then, in the honing processing apparatus 10, the posture of the grindstone 30a changes between when the honing tool 20 is raised and when the honing tool 20 is lowered due to this gap C, the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the grindstone 30a is different, and the cutting force is changed. Sometimes.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the cutting force of the grindstone 30a is made constant by changing the amount of movement of the cone portion 25 between when the honing tool 20 is raised and when the honing tool 20 is lowered.

As shown in FIG. 5, when the honing tool 20 is repeatedly lowered and raised while rotating the honing tool 20, when the honing tool 20 is lowered, the grindstone 30a is lowered while being pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the hole Wa of the work W. As a result, the grindstone mounting plate 30 comes into contact with the upper edge of the opening hole 21a and is offset upward. Then, a gap C is formed between the lower edge portion of the opening hole 21a and the grindstone mounting plate 30, and the grindstone 30a moves radially outward along the tapered portion 27 of the cone portion 25.

On the other hand, when the honing tool 20 rises, the grindstone 30a rises while being pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the hole Wa of the work W, so that the grindstone mounting plate 30 comes into contact with the lower edge of the opening hole 21a and lowers. It will be in a state of being biased to the side. Then, a gap C is formed between the upper edge portion of the opening hole 21a and the grindstone mounting plate 30, and the grindstone 30a moves inward in the radial direction along the tapered portion 27 of the cone portion 25.

In this way, when the honing tool 20 is raised, the position of the cone portion 25 is focused on the fact that the diameter D2 of the circumscribed circle of the grindstone 30a tends to be smaller than the diameter D1 of the grindstone 30a when descending. Is moved so that it is located lower by the length L when ascending than when descending.

Specifically, as shown in the timing chart of FIG. 6, when decelerating when the honing tool 20 is decelerated from descending to ascending or from ascending to descending, the cone portion 25 is moved upward to cut the grindstone 30a. To reduce. Then, the cut adjustment motor 56 is controlled so that the position of the cone portion 25 at the time of ascending is moved to a position lower than that at the time of descending when accelerating after changing the direction of the honing tool 20.

As a result, when the honing tool 20 is raised, the position of the cone portion 25 is located lower by the length L than when the honing tool 20 is lowered, so that the cutting force is increased by the amount shown by hatching in FIG. Due to the offset of the grindstone 30a, the diameter D2 of the circumscribed circle of the grindstone 30a when ascending becomes substantially equal to the diameter D1 of the circumscribed circle of the grindstone 30a when descending.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 6, the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the grindstone 30a, that is, the cutting force can be made substantially constant between when the honing tool 20 is raised and when the honing tool 20 is lowered, so that a difference occurs in the finishing dimensions. Can be suppressed (see FIG. 7). Further, even when the honing tool 20 is raised, the machining efficiency does not decrease, and the machining time can be shortened.

<< Other Embodiments >>
The embodiment may have the following configuration.

In the present embodiment, the number of recesses 26 and tapered portions 27 can be arbitrarily set. Further, in the present embodiment, the recesses 26, the tapered portion 27, and the grindstone mounting plate 30 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, but the recess 26, the tapered portion 27, and the grindstone mounting plate 30 do not necessarily have to be arranged at equal intervals. Further, the cone portion 25 may be composed of a one-stage cone body 25a.

Further, in the present embodiment, the tapered portion 27 of the cone portion 25 has a shape that tapers downward, but the shape is not limited to this form, and the tapered portion 27 may have a shape that tapers upward. In this case, the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the grindstone 30a increases when the cone portion 25 rises and decreases when the cone portion 25 descends.

Further, in the present embodiment, the vertical honing processing apparatus 10 has been described, but the configuration of the present embodiment can be similarly applied to the horizontal honing processing apparatus.

As described above, the present invention has a relatively simple configuration, and can obtain a highly practical effect that the cutting force of the grindstone can be made constant when the honing tool is raised and lowered. , Extremely useful and highly industrial applicable.

10 Honing tool 20 Honing tool 21 Head part 21a Opening hole 25 Cone part 30 Grindstone mounting plate 30a Grindstone 40 Tool drive device 41 Lifting mechanism 50 Rotation mechanism 55 Cutting adjustment mechanism 60 Control device

Claims (1)

A honing processing device including a honing tool having a grindstone, a tool driving device for driving the honing tool, and a control device for controlling the operation of the tool driving device.
The honing tool has a cylindrical head portion in which a plurality of opening holes are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction, and a grindstone is mounted and fitted into the opening holes of the head portion in the radial direction and the rotation axis direction . It has a slideable grindstone mounting plate and a cone portion that pushes the grindstone mounting plate radially outward so that the diameter of the circumscribing circle of the grindstone increases as it moves downward.
The tool driving device adjusts the cutting force of the grindstone by adjusting the lifting mechanism for raising and lowering the honing tool, the rotating mechanism for rotating the honing tool, and the amount of vertical movement of the cone portion. Has a mechanism and
The control device is
While controlling the rotation mechanism and the elevating mechanism so as to repeat descent and ascent while rotating the honing tool,
When decelerating when changing the direction of the honing tool from descending to ascending or from ascending to descending, the cone portion is moved upward to reduce the cutting force of the grindstone, while acceleration after changing the direction of the honing tool. Occasionally, the position of the cone portion when ascending is moved to a position lower than that when descending , and the grindstone mounting plate is pushed outward in the radial direction so that the diameter D2 of the circumscribed circle of the grindstone when ascending is lowered. A honing processing apparatus characterized in that the cutting adjustment mechanism is controlled so as to be substantially equal to the diameter D1 of the circumscribed circle of the grindstone.

Images