JP6904536B2 - Ultrasonic processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an ultrasonic processing apparatus that vibrates a long tool in the length direction to perform mechanical processing.

Conventionally, an ultrasonic cutter is well known as a kind of this kind of ultrasonic processing apparatus. Generally, an ultrasonic cutter has a structure in which a horn, which is an ultrasonic transmitter, is provided at the tip of an ultrasonic oscillator, and a cutting tool is screwed and fixed to the tip of the horn. The ultrasonic oscillator is ultrasonically vibrated by a drive signal from the ultrasonic oscillator, and the ultrasonic vibration is transmitted to the blade through the horn, so that the object to be cut is easily cut. When such an ultrasonic cutter is used, it is possible to cut thick paper, plastic, FRP, wood, etc. with a smaller force than when there is no ultrasonic vibration. In addition, soft foodstuffs such as cakes, breads, meats, fish, and vegetables can be cut without crushing and without breaking the shape of the cut end.

By the way, in ultrasonic cutters, longitudinal vibration, flexural vibration, torsional vibration, compound vibration, etc. are used as vibration modes, but most of the ultrasonic cutters that have been put into practical use and commercialized use longitudinal vibration. be. For example, in the conventional ultrasonic cutter disclosed in Patent Document 1, a Langevin type oscillator oscillatingly mounted on a case, a horn member fixed to the Langevin type oscillator, and a base fixed to the horn member. It is equipped with a saw blade. Then, by applying an oscillation output from the oscillator to the Langevin type oscillator to drive the oscillator by longitudinal vibration, the horn and saw blade, which are longitudinal vibrators, vibrate vertically and the cutting target is cut. There is.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-154785 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2001-105390

For example, when it is desired to efficiently cut a cutting target having a wide cutting range with an ultrasonic cutter at one time, a long blade is connected to the tip of the horn. On the other hand, when the blade becomes long, the blade tends to bend, so that there is a drawback that the blade easily breaks under a heavy cutting load. Further, in the case of an ultrasonic cutter using longitudinal vibration, when the blade bends, a part of the vibration is mode-converted to the bending vibration. Therefore, there is a problem that the longitudinal vibration component that contributes to cutting is reduced and the effect of ultrasonic waves is reduced. Furthermore, it is empirically known that the mode-converted flexural vibration component is excited at a frequency lower than the ultrasonic drive frequency due to non-linear action, but if the vibration frequency is in the audible range, it becomes noise. Not preferable. Further, the mechanical vibration loss of the deflection vibration is much larger than the mechanical vibration loss of the longitudinal vibration, and a large amount of heat is generated, which is not preferable in use.

Furthermore, when the object to be cut is hard or viscous, or when the object to be cut has a wide cutting range, the cutting resistance increases and the ultrasonic vibration transmitted to the cutting tool is suppressed. The effect of ultrasonic waves may not be obtained. Further, an ultrasonic cutter that has been put into practical use generally has a structure in which one ultrasonic vibrator is connected to one end of a blade. Here, since the maximum output power of the vibrator alone is limited, the vibration power for achieving a vibration level having a cutting effect is insufficient for a cutting target having a large cutting resistance, and the effect of ultrasonic waves is insufficient. There is a problem that it cannot be obtained.

Here, an ultrasonic cutter having a structure in which ultrasonic vibrators are connected to both ends of the blade is also conventionally known (see, for example, Patent Document 2), but this ultrasonic cutter is used to generate a traveling wave. It actively utilizes flexural vibration, not longitudinal vibration.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to increase the support rigidity of a longitudinal vibrating body, which causes deterioration of machining performance, shortening of tool life, generation of noise and heat, and the like. An object of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic processing apparatus capable of suppressing bending vibration of a scale tool. A further object of the present invention is to provide a high-power ultrasonic processing apparatus capable of reliably processing even a processing target having a large resistance because it can operate with a sufficiently large vibration power.

The invention according to claim 1 includes a longitudinal vibrating body including a long tool and vibrating in the length direction of the long tool, and an ultrasonic vibrator that gives ultrasonic longitudinal vibration to the longitudinal vibrating body. It is an ultrasonic processing apparatus that includes an ultrasonic oscillator that drives the ultrasonic vibrator and is used in a state of being fixed to a support, and the ultrasonic vibrator is vertically longitudinally at the same frequency in the axial direction. It is composed of a first ultrasonic vibrator and a second ultrasonic vibrator that vibrate and resonate, and the longitudinal vibrator is connected to the long tool and one end of the long tool, and the first ultrasonic vibrator is connected. The first ultrasonic transmitter that transmits the ultrasonic longitudinal vibration of the above to the long tool and the other end of the long tool are connected, and the ultrasonic longitudinal vibration of the second ultrasonic vibrator is transmitted to the long tool. It is composed of a second ultrasonic transmitter that transmits to a tool, and the output end face of the first ultrasonic vibrator is placed on the input end face of the first ultrasonic transmitter so that the vibration phase shifts of the vibration velocities are the same as each other. The output end face of the second ultrasonic vibrator is connected to the input end face of the second ultrasonic transmitter so that the vibration phases of the vibration velocities are the same as each other, and the first ultrasonic transmission is performed. The first fixed portion provided at a position to be a longitudinal vibration node in the body and the second fixed portion provided at a position to be a longitudinal vibration node in the second ultrasonic transmitter are long. The gist thereof is an ultrasonic processing apparatus characterized in that it is fixed to each of the supports via a fixing means capable of applying tension in the length direction of the shape tool.

Therefore, according to the invention of claim 1 , as a result of ultrasonic longitudinal vibration of the first and second ultrasonic vibrators at the same frequency based on the drive signal from the ultrasonic oscillator, the ultrasonic longitudinal vibration is further generated as the first. And, it is transmitted to a longitudinal vibrating body composed of a second ultrasonic transmitter and a long tool, and the whole resonates with longitudinal vibration. At this time, the longitudinal vibrating body is held and fixed to the support at the longitudinal vibrating nodes at both ends, and the longitudinal vibrating body vibrates in a state where tension is applied in the length direction of the long tool. Therefore, the support rigidity of the longitudinal vibrating body can be surely increased without hindering the longitudinal vibration. Therefore, as a result of suppressing the bending vibration component of the long tool, it is possible to improve the machining performance, extend the life of the tool, and prevent the generation of noise and heat. In addition, since the longitudinal vibrations of the first and second ultrasonic vibrators are added, it is possible to operate with a sufficiently large vibration power, and it is possible to reliably process even a processing target having a large resistance. It can be an output ultrasonic processing device.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect , the long tool has a length of 1/2 wavelength or more of the ultrasonic waves generated by the first ultrasonic vibrator and the second ultrasonic vibrator. The first ultrasonic transmitter and the second ultrasonic transmitter have a length that is an integral multiple of the 1/2 wavelength.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect , the length of the longitudinal vibrating body is set to be an odd multiple of the 1/2 wavelength, and the polarization direction of the piezoelectric element in the first ultrasonic vibrator is set. And, the polarization direction of the piezoelectric element in the second ultrasonic vibrator is set to be the same.

Therefore, according to the invention of claim 3 , when the first ultrasonic vibrator and the second ultrasonic vibrator are driven by high frequency signals having the same frequency and the same phase, one end surface of the longitudinal vibrating body and the first super oscillator are used. The vibration phase shift of the vibration velocity with the output end face of the sound oscillator and the vibration phase shift of the vibration velocity between the other end surface of the longitudinal vibrator and the output end face of the second ultrasonic vibrator can be made the same. Therefore, the longitudinal vibrating body, the first ultrasonic vibrator, and the second ultrasonic vibrator can be easily and surely resonated with the longitudinal vibration.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect , the length of the longitudinal vibrating body is set to be an even multiple of the 1/2 wavelength, and the polarization direction of the piezoelectric element in the first ultrasonic vibrator is set. The second ultrasonic vibrator is set so that the polarization direction of the piezoelectric element is opposite to that of the second ultrasonic vibrator.

Therefore, according to the invention of claim 4 , when the first ultrasonic vibrator and the second ultrasonic vibrator are driven by high frequency signals having the same frequency and the same phase, one end surface of the longitudinal vibrating body and the first super vibration body are driven. The vibration phase shift of the vibration velocity with the output end face of the sound oscillator and the vibration phase shift of the vibration velocity between the other end surface of the longitudinal vibrator and the output end face of the second ultrasonic vibrator can be made the same. Therefore, the longitudinal vibrating body, the first ultrasonic vibrator, and the second ultrasonic vibrator can be easily and surely resonated with the longitudinal vibration, so that the long tool can be efficiently longitudinally vibrated with a sufficiently large vibration power. Can be done.

The invention according to claim 5 is, in any one of claims 1 to 4 , the ultrasonic vibrator is a plurality of first ultrasonic vibrators and a plurality of first ultrasonic vibrators that vibrate longitudinally in the axial direction at the same frequency. It is characterized by consisting of two ultrasonic vibrators.

Therefore, according to the invention of claim 5 , the longitudinal vibration caused by the plurality of first ultrasonic vibrators and the longitudinal vibration caused by the plurality of second ultrasonic vibrators are added to sufficiently provide a long tool. It is possible to operate with a large vibration power.

The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that, in claim 5 , the plurality of first ultrasonic vibrators are vertically connected to each other, and the plurality of second ultrasonic vibrators are vertically connected to each other. And.

The invention according to claim 7 is the first power synthesizer according to claim 5 , which converts the direction of ultrasonic longitudinal vibration of the plurality of first ultrasonic vibrators and synthesizes and outputs power. A second power synthesizer provided on the input end face of the ultrasonic transmitter, which converts the direction of ultrasonic longitudinal vibration of the plurality of second ultrasonic vibrators and synthesizes and outputs the power, is the second ultrasonic transmission. It is characterized in that it is provided on the input end face of the body.

The invention according to claim 8 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the first ultrasonic vibrator and the second ultrasonic vibrator are in the same phase using a common ultrasonic oscillator. It is characterized by being driven.

Therefore, according to the invention of claim 8 , when driving the first ultrasonic vibrator and the second ultrasonic vibrator, only one ultrasonic oscillator is required, and a phase shifter or the like that converts the phase is also required. Therefore, the device configuration can be simplified.

The invention according to claim 9 is characterized in that, in any one of claims 1 to 8 , the long tool is a long blade.

The invention according to claim 10 is, in any one of claims 1 to 9 , the fixing means is a slide type in which the attachment position with respect to the support can be adjusted along the length direction of the long tool. It is characterized by being a fixture.

Therefore, according to the invention of claim 10 , it is possible to apply a suitable tension to the long tool by adjusting the mounting position with respect to the support along the length direction of the long tool by the fixing means. can. As a result, it is possible to reliably prevent the bending vibration of the long tool.

The invention according to claim 11 is characterized in that, in claim 10 , the sliding fixture also serves as a cover for covering the ultrasonic vibrator.

Therefore, according to the invention of claim 11 , since the ultrasonic vibrator is covered with the cover and is in an unexposed state, foreign matter generated during processing is less likely to adhere to the ultrasonic vibrator. As a result, the ultrasonic transducer is less likely to break down, and the durability of the device is improved.

The invention according to claim 12 is characterized in that, in claim 11 , the slide type fixture has a cooling means for cooling the ultrasonic vibrator.

As described above, when the ultrasonic vibrator is covered with the slide type fixture that also serves as a cover, foreign matter may be prevented from adhering to the ultrasonic vibrator, but the heat dissipation efficiency may be lowered. In that respect, according to the invention of claim 12 , the ultrasonic vibrator is efficiently cooled by cooling the ultrasonic vibrator by the cooling means. As a result, the operating state of the ultrasonic vibrator can be stabilized and the life can be extended.

As described in detail above , according to the inventions of claims 1 to 12 , increasing the support rigidity of the longitudinal vibrating body causes deterioration of machining performance, shortening of tool life, generation of noise and heat, and the like. A high-power ultrasonic processing device that not only can suppress the bending vibration of a scale tool, but also can operate with a sufficiently large vibration power, so that it can reliably process even a processing target with a large resistance. Can be provided.

The schematic diagram which shows the main part of the ultrasonic cutter of 1st Embodiment which embodied the ultrasonic processing apparatus of this invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a state in which the cutter portion main body is fixed to a support in the ultrasonic cutter of the first embodiment. The schematic diagram which shows the main part of the ultrasonic cutter of the 2nd Embodiment which embodied the ultrasonic processing apparatus of this invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a state in which the cutter portion main body is fixed to a support in the ultrasonic cutter of the second embodiment. The schematic diagram which shows the main part of the ultrasonic cutter of the 3rd Embodiment which embodied the ultrasonic processing apparatus of this invention. The schematic diagram which shows the main part of the ultrasonic cutter of the 4th Embodiment which embodied the ultrasonic processing apparatus of this invention. The schematic diagram which shows the main part of the ultrasonic cutter of the 5th Embodiment which embodied the ultrasonic processing apparatus of this invention.

[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, the ultrasonic cutter of the embodiment embodying the ultrasonic processing apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a main part of the ultrasonic cutter 11 of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a state in which the cutter part main body 31 of the ultrasonic cutter 11 is installed on a support.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cutter portion main body 31 of the present embodiment includes slide-type fixtures 32 and 33 as fixing means, an ultrasonic oscillator 21, an ultrasonic oscillator 22, a longitudinal vibrator 41, and the like. I have. Further, the ultrasonic cutter 11 is composed of the cutter portion main body 31 and the automatic cutting machine 12 which is a support.

As shown in FIG. 1, the longitudinal vibrating body 41 constituting the cutter portion main body 31 is composed of a blade 42 as a long tool, an ultrasonic horn 43 as an ultrasonic transmitter, and an ultrasonic resonator 44. Become. The blade 42 used in the present embodiment is a flat and long member having a blade on one side edge, and has a length Lb (specifically, a length Lb of 1/2 wavelength or more of the ultrasonic waves generated by the ultrasonic vibrator). It has three times the length of 1/2 wavelength). The ultrasonic horn 43 is a cylindrical metal member, and is formed so that the output end side gradually becomes smaller in diameter. The axial length of the ultrasonic horn 43 is one times as long as the 1/2 wavelength. Further, a first flange portion 43a as a first fixed portion is formed at a position just intermediate between the input end face and the output end face of the ultrasonic horn 43. The output end face of the ultrasonic horn 43 having such a structure is connected to one end (left end in FIG. 1) of the long blade 42. More specifically, the output end face of the ultrasonic horn 43 is screwed and fixed to one end side of the long blade 42 in a detachable state.

The ultrasonic resonator 44 in the present embodiment has substantially the same shape and dimensions as the above-mentioned ultrasonic horn 43. That is, the ultrasonic resonator 44 is a cylindrical metal member, and is formed so that one end side gradually becomes smaller in diameter. Further, the axial length of the ultrasonic resonator 44 is one times as long as the 1/2 wavelength as in the ultrasonic horn 43. Further, a second flange portion 44a as a second fixed portion is formed at a position just in the middle of both end faces of the ultrasonic resonator 44. The end face of the ultrasonic resonator 44 having such a structure on the horn side is connected to the other end (right end in FIG. 1) of the long blade 42. More specifically, the end face of the ultrasonic resonator 44 on the horn side is screwed and fixed to the other end side of the long blade 42 in a detachable state.

The longitudinal vibrating body 41 configured in this way has a total length Lv that is an integral multiple of 1/2 wavelength (5 times in this embodiment).

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an ultrasonic vibrator 21 for applying ultrasonic longitudinal vibration to the longitudinal vibrator 41 is connected to one end (input end surface of the ultrasonic horn 43) of the longitudinal vibrator 41. ing. The ultrasonic vibrator 21 of the present embodiment is a bolt-tightened Langevin vibrator having a vibration mode in which the longitudinal vibration component in the axial direction resonates at a frequency that is an integral multiple of 1/2 wavelength, and the length in the axial direction is 1 /. It is designed to be 1x the 2 wavelengths. An ultrasonic oscillator 22 is electrically connected to the ultrasonic oscillator 21. The ultrasonic oscillator 22 generates an ultrasonic oscillation signal composed of a sine wave for driving the ultrasonic oscillator 21, and outputs this signal to the ultrasonic oscillator 21. In addition, such an ultrasonic vibrator 21 is not particularly connected to the other end of the longitudinal vibrating body 41 (the end face of the ultrasonic resonator 44 on the non-horn side).

As shown in FIG. 2, the automatic cutting machine 12 which is a support has a pair of support arms 13 arranged apart from each other. The pair of support arms 13 are provided with slide-type fixtures 32 and 33, respectively. These slide-type fixtures 32 and 33 have a configuration in which a pair of projecting pieces 36 are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the cover portion 35 having the accommodation space 34. Each projecting piece 36 is formed with two elongated holes 37 extending along the left-right direction of FIG. Then, by inserting the bolt 38 into the elongated hole 37, the slide type fixtures 32 and 33 are fixed to the respective support arms 13. Therefore, these slide-type fixtures 32 and 33 have a structure in which the mounting position with respect to the support arm 13 can be adjusted along the left-right direction of FIG. 2 (that is, the length direction of the blade 42).

In the case of the longitudinal vibrating body 41, a first flange portion 43a as a first fixed portion is provided at a position of the ultrasonic transmitting body 43 that becomes a longitudinal vibrating node portion f1. On the other hand, in the ultrasonic resonator 44, a second flange portion 44a as a second fixed portion is provided at a position where the longitudinal vibration node portion f1 is formed. The entire cover portion 35 of the slide type fixture 32 contains the entire ultrasonic vibrator 21 and a part of the ultrasonic horn 43. The first flange portion 43a is fixed to the inner wall surface of the cover portion 35 by the flange fixing bracket 40 via the rubber packing 39. A part of the ultrasonic resonator 44 is housed in the cover portion 35 of the other sliding fixture 33. The second flange portion 44a is fixed to the inner wall surface of the cover portion 35 by the flange fixing bracket 40 via the rubber packing 39. As a result, the longitudinal vibrating body 41 is held and fixed to the support by the longitudinal vibrating node f1 at both ends. By appropriately adjusting the mounting positions of the slide type fixtures 32 and 33, the longitudinal vibrating body 41 is fixed in a state where a suitable tension is applied along the length direction of the blade 42.

Next, the operation of the device configured in this way will be described.

As described above, the ultrasonic oscillator 22 is operated with the cutter main body 31 fixed to the automatic cutting machine 12. Then, the ultrasonic oscillator 22 generates an ultrasonic oscillation signal having a predetermined frequency, and as a result of outputting this signal to the ultrasonic vibrator 21, the ultrasonic vibrator 21 vibrates in the ultrasonic direction. Further, this ultrasonic longitudinal vibration is transmitted to the blade 42 and the ultrasonic resonator 44 after the vibration amplitude is expanded by the ultrasonic horn 43. As a result, the entire longitudinal vibrating body 41 resonates with the longitudinal vibration, and the blade 42 vibrates longitudinally along its length direction without bending. By applying the blade 42 that vibrates in the ultrasonic wave longitudinally to the cutting target (machining target) in this way, the cutting target can be efficiently cut.

Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) According to the ultrasonic cutter 11 of the present embodiment, as described above, the ultrasonic vibrator 21 vibrates ultrasonically based on the drive signal from the ultrasonic oscillator 22, and the ultrasonic longitudinal vibration further causes ultrasonic waves. It is transmitted to the longitudinal vibrating body 41 composed of the horn 43, the blade 42, and the ultrasonic resonator 44, and the entire longitudinal vibrating body 41 resonates with the longitudinal vibration. At this time, the longitudinal vibrating body 41 is held and fixed to the pair of support arm bodies 13 at the longitudinal vibrating node portions f1 (that is, the positions of the first flange portion 43a and the second flange portion 44a) at both ends, and the blade 42. It vibrates vertically with tension applied in the length direction of. Therefore, the support rigidity of the longitudinal vibrating body 41 can be surely increased without hindering the longitudinal vibration.

In the case of this ultrasonic cutter 11, since a part of the ultrasonic vibration is not mode-converted to the bending vibration, the blade 42 can be vibrated by the longitudinal vibration component that contributes to cutting, and the effect of ultrasonic waves is obtained. (That is, the cutting performance is improved). Further, even when the blade 42 is lengthened, the bending of the blade 42 is suppressed, so that the risk of the blade 42 breaking due to a heavy cutting load is reduced. Therefore, the life of the blade 42 can be extended. Furthermore, since it is not excited at a frequency in the audible range lower than the driving frequency of ultrasonic waves due to bending vibration, it is possible to prevent the generation of noise and the generation of heat. can.

(2) In the ultrasonic cutter 11 of the present embodiment, the blade 42 has a length Lb three times the half wavelength of the ultrasonic wave generated by the ultrasonic vibrator 21. Further, the ultrasonic horn 43 and the ultrasonic resonator 43 have substantially the same shape and dimensions as each other, and each has a length once that of 1/2 wavelength. In the case of the longitudinal vibrating body 41 composed of these members, the ultrasonic resonator 43 can be easily and surely resonated by the longitudinal vibration, and the blade 42 can be efficiently longitudinally vibrated.

(3) In the ultrasonic cutter 11 of the present embodiment, slide-type fixtures 32 and 33 whose mounting position with respect to the support arm 13 can be adjusted along the length direction of the blade 42 are used, and the longitudinal vibrating body 41 is interposed therethrough. Is fixed. Therefore, by appropriately adjusting the mounting position of the longitudinal vibrating body 41, it is possible to apply a suitable tension to the blade 42. As a result, the bending vibration of the blade 42 can be reliably prevented.

(4) In the present embodiment, since one of the sliding fixtures 32 also serves as a cover for covering the ultrasonic vibrator 21, the ultrasonic vibrator 21 is kept in an unexposed state. Therefore, foreign matter such as cutting chips generated during the cutting process is less likely to adhere to the ultrasonic vibrator 21. As a result, the work of removing the foreign matter from the ultrasonic vibrator 21 becomes unnecessary, the maintainability of the device is improved, and the failure of the ultrasonic vibrator 21 due to the adhesion of the foreign matter can be prevented. Further, in the present embodiment, since it is not necessary to provide a cover separately from the slide type fixture 32, it is possible to simplify the device configuration.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, the ultrasonic cutter 51 of the second embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 3 to 4. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a main part of the ultrasonic cutter 51 of the present embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a state in which the cutter part main body 31A of the ultrasonic cutter 51 is installed on a support.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the cutter portion main body 31A of the present embodiment includes a fixture 32A and a sliding fixture 32B as fixing means, a first ultrasonic oscillator 21A, and a second ultrasonic oscillator 21B. , Ultrasonic oscillator 22, longitudinal vibrating body 41A, and the like. Further, the ultrasonic cutter 51 is composed of the cutter portion main body 31A and the automatic cutting machine 12 which is a support.

As shown in FIG. 3, the longitudinal vibrating body 41A constituting the cutter portion main body 31A includes a cutting tool 42 as a long tool, a first ultrasonic horn 43A as a first ultrasonic transmitter, and a second ultrasonic horn 43A. It is composed of a second ultrasonic horn 43B as a sound wave transmitter. The cutting tool 42 used in the present embodiment has a length Lb that is three times the half wavelength of the ultrasonic waves generated by the ultrasonic vibrators 21A and 21B. The length of the first and second ultrasonic horns 43A and 43B in the axial direction is once that of 1/2 wavelength, and the first flange portion 43a and the first flange portion 43a are located at intermediate positions between the input end face and the output end face, respectively. It has a second flange portion 43b. The output end face of the first ultrasonic horn 43A is connected and fixed to one end (left end in FIG. 3) of the blade 42 by screwing. Further, the output end face of the second ultrasonic horn 43B is connected and fixed to the other end (right end in FIG. 3) side of the cutting tool 42 by screwing. The longitudinal vibrating body 41A configured in this way has a total length Lv that is an odd multiple (5 times in this embodiment) of 1/2 wavelength.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the first ultrasonic vibrator 21A is connected to one end of the longitudinal vibrator 41A (the input end surface of the first ultrasonic horn 43A), and the other end (the second ultrasonic horn 43B). The second ultrasonic vibrator 21B is connected to the input end face of the above. These ultrasonic vibrators 21A and 21B are basically the same as the ultrasonic vibrator 21 of the first embodiment, and have longitudinal vibration resonance in the axial direction at the same frequency. A common ultrasonic oscillator 22 is electrically connected to these two ultrasonic oscillators 21A and 21B. Further, the DC polarization direction of the piezoelectric element 52 in the first ultrasonic vibrator 21A and the DC polarization direction of the piezoelectric element 52 in the second ultrasonic vibrator 21B are the same (that is, the vibrator axial direction (specifically). (See the arrow AR in FIG. 3) so that the two elements are polarized in a direction away from each other along the stacking direction of the two stacked elements.

Then, the input end face of the first ultrasonic horn 43A is placed on the input end face of the first ultrasonic horn 43A so that the vibration phase shift of the vibration velocities of the input end face of the first ultrasonic horn 43A and the output end face of the first ultrasonic vibrator 21A are the same. 1 The output end faces of the ultrasonic vibrator 21A are connected by screwing. Further, the input end face of the second ultrasonic horn 43B is provided with the same vibration phase shift of the vibration velocities of the input end face of the second ultrasonic horn 43B and the output end face of the second ultrasonic vibrator 21B. 2 The output end faces of the ultrasonic vibrator 21B are connected by screwing.

Since the fixture 32A and the slide fixture 32B of the present embodiment basically have almost the same configuration as the slide fixture 32 of the first embodiment, the same member numbers are assigned to the common parts. , I will omit the detailed explanation. A cooling fan 55 (cooling means) for cooling the first ultrasonic vibrator 21A is provided on the base end side of the cover portion 35 of the fixture 32A. Further, a cooling fan 55 (cooling means) for cooling the second ultrasonic vibrator 21B is provided on the base end side of the cover portion 35 of the slide type fixture 32B. Although the pair of projecting pieces 36 in the fixture 32A has holes for inserting bolts, the holes are not elongated holes 37. Therefore, the fixture 32A is a non-slide type fixture.

In the case of the longitudinal vibrating body 41A, a first flange portion 43a as a first fixed portion is provided at a position of the longitudinal vibration node portion f1 in the first ultrasonic horn 43A. The first flange portion 43a is fixed to the inner wall surface of the cover portion 35 of the fixture 32A. On the other hand, in the second ultrasonic horn 43B, a second flange portion 44a as a second fixed portion is provided at a position where the longitudinal vibration node portion f1 is formed. The second flange portion 44a is fixed to the inner wall surface of the cover portion 35 of the slide type fixture 32B. As a result, the longitudinal vibrating body 41A is in a state of being held and fixed to the support by the longitudinal vibrating node f1 at both ends. In such a fixed state, a suitable tension can be applied along the length direction of the blade 42 by appropriately adjusting the mounting position of the slide type fixture 32B.

Next, the operation of the device configured in this way will be described.

As described above, the ultrasonic oscillator 22 is operated with the cutter main body 31A fixed to the automatic cutting machine 12. Then, the ultrasonic oscillator 22 generates an ultrasonic oscillation signal having a predetermined frequency, and outputs this signal to the first and second ultrasonic vibrators 21A and 21B. As a result, the first and second ultrasonic vibrators 21A and 21B vibrate in the ultrasonic direction. Further, this ultrasonic longitudinal vibration is transmitted to the cutting tool 42 after the vibration amplitude is expanded by the first and second ultrasonic horns 43A and 43B. As a result, the entire longitudinal vibrating body 41A resonates with the longitudinal vibration, and the blade 42 vibrates longitudinally along its length direction without bending. By applying the blade 42 that vibrates in the ultrasonic wave longitudinally to the cutting target (machining target) in this way, the cutting target can be efficiently cut.

In the case of the ultrasonic cutter 51 configured in this way, since a part of the ultrasonic vibration is not mode-converted to the bending vibration, the blade 42 can be vibrated by the longitudinal vibration component that contributes to cutting. , The effect of ultrasonic waves can be obtained (that is, the cutting performance is improved). Further, even when the blade 42 is lengthened, the bending of the blade 42 is suppressed, so that the risk of the blade 42 breaking due to a heavy cutting load is reduced. Therefore, the life of the blade 42 can be extended. Furthermore, since it is not excited at a frequency in the audible range lower than the driving frequency of ultrasonic waves due to bending vibration, it is possible to prevent the generation of noise and the generation of heat. can.

Here, the vibration forces at the joint surfaces of the first and second ultrasonic vibrators 21A and 21B are F ₁ , F ₂ [N], and the vibration velocities are v ₁ , v ₂ [m / s]. When there is no mechanical vibration loss, the sum of the vibration power [W] (energy [J / s] per unit time) of the two ultrasonic vibrators 21A and 21B is ΣFv = F ₁ v _{1 according to the energy conservation law.} As + F ₂ v ₂ , it appears on the acoustic output surface (cut surface of the blade 42) of the longitudinal vibrating body 41A. Assuming that F ₁ v ₁ + F ₂ v ₂ , the total vibration power is twice that of the case of one ultrasonic vibrator. As described above, according to the present embodiment in which the longitudinal vibrations of the first and second ultrasonic vibrators 21A and 21B are added, the ultrasonic cutter has a sufficiently large vibration power as compared with the case where there is only one ultrasonic vibrator. 51 can be operated. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a high-power ultrasonic cutter 51 capable of reliably performing cutting even on a cutting object having a large resistance.

Further, in the ultrasonic cutter 51 of the present embodiment, the length Lv of the longitudinal vibrating body 41A is set to be 5 times the 1/2 wavelength of the driving ultrasonic wave, and the piezoelectric element 52 in the first ultrasonic vibrator 21A is set. The DC polarization direction of the second ultrasonic vibrator 21B is set to be the same as the DC polarization direction of the piezoelectric element 52 in the second ultrasonic vibrator 21B. Therefore, when the first and second ultrasonic vibrators 21A and 21B are driven by high frequency signals having the same frequency and the same phase, the input end face of the first ultrasonic horn 43A and the output end face of the first ultrasonic vibrator 21A The vibration phase shift of the vibration speed with and can be made the same as each other. Further, the vibration phase shift of the vibration velocity between the input end face of the second ultrasonic horn 43B and the output end face of the second ultrasonic vibrator 21B can be made the same as each other. Therefore, the longitudinal vibrating body 41A, the first ultrasonic vibrator 21A, and the second ultrasonic vibrator 21B can be easily and surely resonated with the longitudinal vibration.

Further, since the fixture 32A and the slide type fixture 32B of the present embodiment each have a cooling fan 55, the ultrasonic vibrators 21A and 21B can be efficiently cooled. As a result, the operating states of the ultrasonic vibrators 21A and 21B are stabilized, and the life of the ultrasonic vibrators 21A and 21B can be extended.

[Third Embodiment]
Next, the ultrasonic cutter of the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Since the ultrasonic cutter of the present embodiment basically has substantially the same configuration as that of the second embodiment, the same member numbers are assigned to common parts, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. The structure of the longitudinal vibrating body 41B of the cutter portion main body 31B in this ultrasonic cutter is slightly different from that of the second embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 5, the longitudinal vibrating body 41B constituting the cutter portion main body 31B includes a blade 42, a first ultrasonic horn 43A, and a second ultrasonic horn 43B. However, the blade 42 used in the present embodiment is shorter than that of the second embodiment, and has a length Lb twice the half wavelength of the ultrasonic waves generated by the ultrasonic vibrators 21A and 21B. Therefore, the longitudinal vibrating body 41B has a total length Lv that is an even multiple of 1/2 wavelength (four times in this embodiment).

A common ultrasonic oscillator 22 is electrically connected to the first and second ultrasonic oscillators 21A and 21B that resonate in the axial direction at the same frequency. Further, the DC polarization direction of the piezoelectric element 52 in the first ultrasonic vibrator 21A and the DC polarization direction of the piezoelectric element 52 in the second ultrasonic vibrator 21B are set to be opposite to each other. Specifically, the DC polarization direction in the first ultrasonic transducer 21A is the direction away from the interface between the two laminated piezoelectric elements 52, whereas the DC polarization in the second ultrasonic transducer 21B. The direction is toward the interface between the two laminated piezoelectric elements 52 (see the arrow AR in FIG. 5).

Here, the vibration forces at the joint surfaces of the first and second ultrasonic vibrators 21A and 21B are F ₁ , F ₂ [N], and the vibration velocities are v ₁ , v ₂ [m / s]. When there is no mechanical vibration loss, the sum of the vibration power [W] (energy [J / s] per unit time) of the two ultrasonic vibrators 21A and 21B is ΣFv = F ₁ v _{1 according to the energy conservation law.} As + F ₂ v ₂ , it appears on the acoustic output surface (cut surface of the blade 42) of the longitudinal vibrating body 41B. Assuming that F ₁ v ₁ + F ₂ v ₂ , the total vibration power is twice that of the case of one ultrasonic vibrator. As described above, according to the present embodiment in which the longitudinal vibrations of the first and second ultrasonic vibrators 21A and 21B are added, the ultrasonic cutter has a sufficiently large vibration power as compared with the case where there is only one ultrasonic vibrator. Can be operated. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a high-power ultrasonic cutter that can reliably perform cutting even on a cutting object having a large resistance.

[Fourth Embodiment]
Next, the ultrasonic cutter of the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Since the ultrasonic cutter of the present embodiment basically has substantially the same configuration as that of the second embodiment, the same member numbers are assigned to common parts, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The cutter main body 31C in this ultrasonic cutter includes a fixture 32A and a sliding fixture 32B as fixing means, two first ultrasonic vibrators 21A, two second ultrasonic vibrators 21B, and an ultrasonic oscillator. 22. It is equipped with a longitudinal vibrating body 41A and the like. On one end side of the cutter portion main body 31C, two first ultrasonic vibrators 21A that vibrate and resonate in the axial direction at the same frequency are vertically connected to each other. Further, on the other end side of the cutter portion main body 31C, two second ultrasonic vibrators 21B that resonate in the axial direction at the same frequency are vertically connected to each other.

Of the two first ultrasonic vibrators 21A, the one close to the longitudinal vibrating body 41A has the DC polarization direction of the piezoelectric element 52 in a direction away from the interface between the two laminated piezoelectric elements 52. .. On the other hand, the DC polarization direction of the piezoelectric element 52 in the first ultrasonic vibrator 21A far from the longitudinal vibrating body 41A is a direction toward the interface between the two laminated piezoelectric elements 52. Of the two second ultrasonic vibrators 21B, the one close to the longitudinal vibrating body 41A has the DC polarization direction of the piezoelectric element 52 in a direction away from the interface between the two laminated piezoelectric elements 52. .. On the other hand, the DC polarization direction of the piezoelectric element 52 in the second ultrasonic vibrator 21B far from the longitudinal vibrating body 41A is a direction toward the interface between the two laminated piezoelectric elements 52 (FIG. 6). See arrow AR). Therefore, when the ultrasonic vibrators 21A and 21B are driven by high-frequency signals having the same frequency and the same phase, the vibration speed between the input end face of the first ultrasonic horn 43A and the output end face of the first ultrasonic vibrator 21A. The vibration phase shift of the first ultrasonic horns 43A and the vibration phase shift of the vibration velocity of the joint surfaces of the first ultrasonic horns 43A can be made the same as each other. Further, the vibration phase shift of the vibration velocity between the input end face of the second ultrasonic horn 43B and the output end face of the second ultrasonic vibrator 21B and the vibration phase shift of the vibration velocity of the junction surface between the second ultrasonic horns 43B are performed. Can be identical to each other. Therefore, the longitudinal vibrating body 41A, the two first ultrasonic vibrators 21A, and the two second ultrasonic vibrators 21B can be easily and surely resonated with the longitudinal vibration.

Here, the vibration forces at the joint surfaces of the first and second ultrasonic vibrators 21A and 21B are F ₁ , F ₂ [N], and the vibration velocities are v ₁ , v ₂ [m / s]. When there is no mechanical vibration loss, the sum of the vibration power [W] (energy [J / s] per unit time) of the four ultrasonic vibrators 21A and 21B is ΣFv = 2 · F _{1 according to the energy conservation law.} It appears as v ₁ + 2 · F ₂ v _{2 on} the acoustic output surface (cut surface of the blade 42) of the longitudinal vibrating body 41A. Assuming that F ₁ = v ₁ and F ₂ = v ₂ , the total vibration power is four times that in the case of one ultrasonic vibrator. As described above, according to the present embodiment in which the longitudinal vibrations of the first and second ultrasonic vibrators 21A and 21B are added, the ultrasonic cutter has a sufficiently large vibration power as compared with the case where there is only one ultrasonic vibrator. Can be operated. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a high-power ultrasonic cutter that can reliably perform cutting even on a cutting object having a large resistance.

[Fifth Embodiment]
Next, the ultrasonic cutter of the fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Since the ultrasonic cutter of the present embodiment basically has substantially the same configuration as that of the second embodiment, the same member numbers are assigned to common parts, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The cutter main body 31D in this ultrasonic cutter includes a fixture 32A and a sliding fixture 32B as fixing means, two first ultrasonic vibrators 21A, two second ultrasonic vibrators 21B, and an ultrasonic oscillator. 22. It is equipped with a longitudinal vibrating body 41A and the like. In addition to this, the cutter main body 31D further includes a first power synthesizer 61 and a second power synthesizer 62. The first power synthesizer 61 is applied to the input end face of the first ultrasonic horn 43A in order to convert the direction of the ultrasonic longitudinal vibration of the two first ultrasonic transducers 21A by 90 ° and to synthesize and output the power. It is provided. The second power synthesizer 62 is applied to the input end face of the second ultrasonic horn 43B in order to convert the direction of the ultrasonic longitudinal vibration of the two second ultrasonic transducers 21B by 90 ° and to synthesize and output the power. It is provided. In the present embodiment, the LL type converter is used as the first power synthesizer 61 and the second power synthesizer 62, and the first and second ultrasonic vibrators 21A and 21B are vertically routed through these. It is connected to the vibrating body 41A.

The DC polarization directions of the piezoelectric elements 52 of the four ultrasonic vibrators 21A and 21B are all in the direction of being separated from the interface between the two laminated piezoelectric elements 52 (see the arrow AR in FIG. 6). ). Therefore, when the ultrasonic vibrators 21A and 21B are driven by high-frequency signals having the same frequency and the same phase, the vibration speed between the input end face of the first ultrasonic horn 43A and the output end face of the first power synthesizer 61 The vibration phase shift and the vibration phase shift of the vibration velocities of the input end face of the first power synthesizer 61 and the output end face of the first ultrasonic vibrator 21A can be made the same. Further, the vibration phase shift of the vibration velocity between the input end face of the second ultrasonic horn 43B and the output end face of the second power synthesizer 62, and the input end face of the second power synthesizer 62 and the output of the second ultrasonic transducer 21B. The vibration phase shift of the vibration velocity with the end face can be made the same as each other. Therefore, the longitudinal vibrator 41A, the two first ultrasonic vibrators 21A, the two second ultrasonic vibrators 21B, the first power synthesizer 61, and the second power synthesizer 62 are easily and surely vibrated in the longitudinal vibration. It can be resonated.

Here, the vibration forces at the joint surfaces of the first and second ultrasonic vibrators 21A and 21B are F ₁ , F ₂ [N], and the vibration velocities are v ₁ , v ₂ [m / s]. When there is no mechanical vibration loss, the sum of the vibration power [W] (energy [J / s] per unit time) of the four ultrasonic vibrators 21A and 21B is ΣFv = 2 · F _{1 according to the energy conservation law.} It appears as v ₁ + 2 · F ₂ v _{2 on} the acoustic output surface (cut surface of the blade 42) of the longitudinal vibrating body 41A. Assuming that F ₁ = v ₁ and F ₂ = v ₂ , the total vibration power is four times that in the case of one ultrasonic vibrator. As described above, according to the present embodiment in which the longitudinal vibrations of the first and second ultrasonic vibrators 21A and 21B are added, the ultrasonic cutter has a sufficiently large vibration power as compared with the case where there is only one ultrasonic vibrator. Can be operated. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a high-power ultrasonic cutter that can reliably perform cutting even on a cutting object having a large resistance.

Each embodiment of the present invention may be modified as follows.

-In each of the above embodiments, a flange shape is adopted as the shape of the first fixed portion and the second fixed portion, but the shape is not limited to this, and a shape other than the flange shape (for example, a tongue piece shape) is adopted. It may be adopted.

-In each of the above embodiments, a bolt 38 is inserted through the elongated hole 37 as a fixing means for applying tension in the length direction of the blade 42 when fixing the first and second flange portions 43a and 43b to the support. Sliding fixtures 32 and 32B of the structure were used, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, tension may be applied in the length direction of the blade 42 by using the urging force of an urging means such as a spring or fluid pressure.

-In each of the above embodiments, bolt-tightened Langevin vibrators are used as the ultrasonic vibrators 21, 21A and 21B, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a different type of vibrator may be used. ..

-In each of the above embodiments, the numbers of the ultrasonic vibrators 21, 21A and 21B are the same at both ends of the longitudinal vibrators 41, 41A and 41B, but this is not always necessary and may be different numbers. ..

-In each of the above embodiments, a common ultrasonic oscillator 22 is connected to and driven by a plurality of ultrasonic vibrators 21 and 21A and 21B, but the ultrasonic vibrators 21 and 21A and 21B are driven. The ultrasonic oscillator 22 may be individually connected and driven. However, the former is more advantageous for simplifying the device configuration than the latter.

-In each of the above embodiments, the LL type converter is used as the first power synthesizer 61 and the second power synthesizer 62, but the RL type converter may be used instead. In this case, since many ultrasonic vibrators 21A and 21B can be connected to the side surface of the disk, a larger vibration power can be obtained, and by extension, a higher output ultrasonic cutter can be realized. ..

-In each of the above embodiments, a long and flat blade 42 is used as the long tool, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a cutting tool such as a saw-shaped tooth having a knurled portion may be used, or a tool for performing processing other than cutting (for example, a long file or the like) may be used.

-Although the ultrasonic transmitter in the above embodiment has a horn shape, it does not necessarily have to have a horn shape.

-The means for connecting the first ultrasonic vibrators 21A to each other and the second ultrasonic vibrators 21B to each other in tandem does not have to be screw fixing, for example, bonding with an adhesive, joining by brazing, connecting with metal fittings, etc. Other means such as may be adopted.

-In the above embodiment, the automatic cutting machine 12 is used as a support, but of course, other than this may be used as a support.

1,51 ... Ultrasonic cutter 12 as an ultrasonic processing device ... Automatic cutting machine as a support 21 ... Ultrasonic vibrator 21A ... First ultrasonic vibrator 21B ... Second ultrasonic vibrator 22 ... Ultrasonic oscillator 32, 32B, 33 ... Sliding fixtures as fixing means 41, 41A, 41B ... Longitudinal vibrating body 42 ... Blade as long tool 43 ... Ultrasonic horn 43A as ultrasonic transmitter ... First ultrasonic transmission First ultrasonic horn 43B as a body ... Second ultrasonic horn 43a as a second ultrasonic transmitter ... First flange portion 43b as a first fixed portion ... Second flange portion 44 as a second fixed portion ... Ultrasonic resonator 52 ... piezoelectric element 55 ... Cooling fan as cooling means 61 ... First power synthesizer 62 ... Second power synthesizer f1 ... Longitudinal vibration node Lb ... (of a long tool) Length

Claims (12)

A longitudinal vibrating body that includes a long tool and vibrates in the length direction of the long tool, an ultrasonic vibrator that gives ultrasonic longitudinal vibration to the vertical vibrating body, and an ultrasonic vibrator that drives the ultrasonic vibrator. It is an ultrasonic processing device that is equipped with an ultrasonic oscillator to vibrate and is used in a state of being fixed to a support.
The ultrasonic vibrator is composed of a first ultrasonic vibrator and a second ultrasonic vibrator that resonate longitudinally in the axial direction at the same frequency.
The longitudinal vibrating body is connected to the elongated tool and one end of the elongated tool, and transmits the ultrasonic longitudinal vibration of the first ultrasonic vibrator to the elongated tool. It is composed of a body and a second ultrasonic transmitter connected to the other end of the long tool and transmitting ultrasonic longitudinal vibration of the second ultrasonic vibrator to the long tool.
The output end face of the first ultrasonic vibrator is connected to the input end face of the first ultrasonic transmitter so that the vibration phase shifts of the vibration velocities are the same as each other, and the vibration phase shifts of the vibration velocities are the same as each other. The output end face of the second ultrasonic vibrator is connected to the input end face of the second ultrasonic transmitter so as to be.
A first fixed portion provided at a position to be a longitudinal vibration node in the first ultrasonic transmitter and a second fixed portion provided at a position to be a longitudinal vibration node in the second ultrasonic transmitter. The ultrasonic processing apparatus is characterized in that the ultrasonic processing apparatus is fixed to the support via fixing means capable of applying tension in the length direction of the long tool. The long tool has a length of 1/2 wavelength or more of the ultrasonic waves generated by the first ultrasonic vibrator and the second ultrasonic vibrator, and also has the first ultrasonic transmitter and the first ultrasonic transmitter. 2 ultrasonic transmission member is an ultrasonic processing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a length of an integral multiple of the half wavelength. The length of the longitudinal vibrating body is set to be an odd multiple of the 1/2 wavelength, and the polarization direction of the piezoelectric element in the first ultrasonic vibrator and the polarization of the piezoelectric element in the second ultrasonic vibrator. The ultrasonic processing apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the directions are set to be the same. The length of the longitudinal vibrating body is set to be an even multiple of the 1/2 wavelength, and the polarization direction of the piezoelectric element in the first ultrasonic vibrator and the polarization of the piezoelectric element in the second ultrasonic vibrator. The ultrasonic processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the ultrasonic processing apparatus is set so that the directions are opposite to each other. Any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the ultrasonic vibrator is composed of a plurality of first ultrasonic vibrators and a plurality of second ultrasonic vibrators that vibrate longitudinally in the axial direction at the same frequency. The ultrasonic processing apparatus described in the section. The ultrasonic processing apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein a plurality of the first ultrasonic vibrators are vertically connected to each other, and a plurality of the second ultrasonic vibrators are vertically connected to each other. A first power synthesizer that converts the direction of ultrasonic longitudinal vibration of the plurality of first ultrasonic vibrators and synthesizes and outputs power is provided on the input end faces of the first ultrasonic transmitter, and the plurality of said ones. A second power synthesizer that converts the direction of ultrasonic longitudinal vibration of the second ultrasonic vibrator and synthesizes and outputs power is provided on the input end face of the second ultrasonic transmitter. The ultrasonic processing apparatus according to claim 5. The first ultrasonic vibrator and the second ultrasonic vibrator are driven in the same phase by using a common ultrasonic oscillator, according to any one of claims 1 to 7. Ultrasonic processing equipment. The ultrasonic processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein the long tool is a long blade. The fixing means according to any one of claims 1 to 9 , wherein the fixing means is a slide type fixing tool whose mounting position with respect to the support can be adjusted along the length direction of the long tool. Ultrasonic processing equipment. The ultrasonic processing apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein the sliding fixture also serves as a cover for covering the ultrasonic vibrator. The ultrasonic processing apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the slide type fixture has a cooling means for cooling the ultrasonic vibrator.

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