JP6905480B2 - Tap hole structure of metal refining furnace - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a taphole structure of a metal smelting furnace. More specifically, for example, a taphole structure of a metal smelting furnace for extracting molten metal such as mats and slag from a metal smelting furnace such as a flash smelting furnace in copper smelting. Regarding.

As shown in FIG. 6, a metal smelting furnace in metal smelting, for example, a flash smelting furnace 100 in copper smelting, is composed of a reaction shaft 101, a settler 102, and an uptake 103, and the reaction shaft 101 has 1 to 3 smelters. Mining burners 104 and 104 are provided. Then, the concentrate is blown at the same time as oxygen-enriched air or high-temperature hot air to cause a chemical reaction momentarily, and the concentrate is separated into mat and slag by the difference in specific gravity. Since the flash smelting furnace 100 utilizes the heat of oxidation reaction of the concentrate, the fuel consumption rate is lower than that of other methods. However, depending on the grade and composition of the raw material to be processed, the amount of heat may be insufficient only by the heat of oxidation reaction. Therefore, it may be fueled by heavy oil or the like from the concentrate burners 104 and 104.

The mat usually contains 60 to 70% of copper, and the mat is extracted from a plurality of mat tap holes 105 and 105 provided in series near the bottom of the flash smelting furnace 100. On the other hand, since the slag contains about 1% copper, the slag is extracted from the slag tap hole 106 provided on the lower side of the uptake 103 and sent to the smelting furnace 120 for smelting, and the copper contained in the slag. Is collected as a mat, and is processed in a converter together with the mat extracted from the flash smelting furnace 100. Then, electrolytic refining produces even higher quality electrolytic copper.

FIG. 7 shows a conventional tap hole structure, (a) is a cross-sectional view showing a normal state of installation of bricks in the tap hole portion, and (b) shows an abnormal state in which the arrangement of bricks in the tap hole portion is disturbed. It is a cross-sectional view. As shown in FIG. 7A, the furnace wall of the flash smelting furnace 100 has an amorphous refractory 108 interposed inside a shell 107 made of steel or the like, and water-cooled inside with the amorphous refractory 108 sandwiched between them. It has a structure in which the jacket 109 is arranged. Then, the refractory material 112 in the furnace is laminated on the inside of the furnace of the water-cooled jacket 109 to form the inner wall of the furnace. Further, an opening is formed in the center of the water-cooled jacket 109, and the shell 107 at a position facing the opening is also provided with the opening. A square tubular tap hole frame 110 formed of a metal material such as a steel material is attached to the shell 107 so as to surround the opening. The inside of the tap hole frame 110 is filled with a refractory material 111, and the tap hole 105 is formed so as to pierce the refractory material 111.

In recent years, copper refining in flash smelting furnaces has shifted to high-load operation in which the amount of processing per reactor is about twice that of the conventional one. In high-load operation in a flash smelting furnace, the water-cooled jacket and the refractory material are rapidly melted, and it is necessary to frequently replace the water-cooled jacket and the refractory material, which causes problems such as a decrease in operation efficiency. Therefore, a furnace body cooling structure, a furnace body cooling method, and the like that do not require replacement of the water-cooled jacket and the refractory for a long period of time have been developed (Patent Documents 1 to 3).

Japanese Patent No. 5111473 Japanese Patent No. 5441593 Japanese Patent No. 551601

When operations and cold repairs are repeated in high-temperature conditions in copper smelting furnaces such as flash smelting furnaces, aging expansion due to residual line expansion of refractories is unavoidable, and expansion of refractories progresses. .. As the refractory expands, it causes distortion and plastic deformation of the furnace body. In particular, since the molten metal such as mats and slags is taken out from the furnace at regular intervals around the tap hole, the refractory material is easily worn and melted due to the flow of the molten metal. If the wear and tear progress beyond the control range, the risk of hot water leakage increases.

Specifically, when the refractory material 112 in the furnace expands, for example, when the refractory material 112 in the furnace expands, deforms, or displaces in the vicinity of the mat tap hole 105, the bricks constituting the tap hole 105 are arranged. The joint portion between the shell 107 and the tap hole frame 110 is disturbed and deformed due to a large load, resulting in partial damage (arrow A portion). When partial damage occurs, hot water usually flows in the X direction shown in FIG. 7 (a), whereas hot water other than the mat tap hole 105, as shown in the B direction shown in FIG. 7 (b), is used. A passage is formed, increasing the risk of hot water leakage. The same applies to the slag tap hole 106.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and it is possible to reduce the risk of hot water leakage even when the shell or the tap hole frame is deformed due to expansion, deformation, misalignment of the refractory, or the like. It is an object of the present invention to provide a taphole structure of a possible metal refining furnace.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention according to claim 1 holds a refractory material constituting the inner wall of the furnace in a tap hole structure of a metal smelting furnace for taking out molten metal such as mats and slag from the inside of the furnace, and also holds the refractory material. By fixing the tap hole frame in which the tap hole for extracting the molten metal is formed to the water cooling jacket in which the cooling pipe for circulating the cooling water for cooling the refractory is arranged, the water cooling jacket and the said The taphole frame is an integral structure, and the water-cooled jacket and the taphole frame are not directly connected to the shell forming the metal smelting furnace.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention according to claim 2 has a tap hole structure of the metal smelting furnace according to claim 1, wherein the water-cooled jacket and the tap hole frame have a predetermined distance from the shell. It is characterized in that it is arranged in a manner.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in the tap hole structure of the metal smelting furnace according to claim 1 or 2, a sensor for monitoring the position of the tap hole is provided. do.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention according to claim 4 is taken out from the inside of the tap hole through the tap hole in the tap hole structure of the metal smelting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 3. It is a gutter that guides the molten metal, and is further provided with a gutter that is movable so that the position can be adjusted according to the position deviation of the tap hole.

According to the tap hole structure of the metal smelting furnace according to the present invention, the tap hole frame and the shell are separated without being fixed, so that the generation of a load on the tap hole frame is suppressed and the bricks constituting the tap hole are arranged. It has the effect of preventing disturbance and preventing partial damage to the shell and tap hole frame and formation of hot water passages other than tap holes.

(A) is a perspective view of an embodiment of the tap hole structure of the metal smelting furnace according to the present invention, and (b) is a front view thereof. It is sectional drawing which shows the water-cooled jacket and its peripheral structure. It is a front view which shows the detail of a water-cooled jacket. It is sectional drawing which shows the attachment state of a tap hole frame and a water-cooled jacket. It is a schematic diagram which shows the arrangement of the displacement sensor with respect to a tap hole. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the conventional flash smelting furnace. A conventional tap hole structure is shown, (a) is a cross-sectional view showing a normal state of brick installation in the tap hole portion, and (b) is a cross-sectional view showing an abnormal state in which the arrangement of bricks in the tap hole portion is disturbed. be.

Hereinafter, the taphole structure of the metal smelting furnace according to the present invention will be described in detail based on a preferred embodiment. 1 (a) is a perspective view of an embodiment of a tap hole structure of a metal smelting furnace according to the present invention, FIG. 1 (b) is a front view thereof, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a water-cooled jacket and its peripheral configuration, and FIG. A front view showing the details of the water-cooled jacket, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the attached state of the tap hole frame and the water-cooled jacket. In the following, a part of the configuration of the flash smelting furnace 1 will be shown, and the taphole structure will be described based on this.

The illustrated tap hole structure is roughly a shell (also referred to as a “can body”) 2 forming the outside of the furnace wall of the flash smelting furnace 1 and a water-cooled jacket 3 arranged inside the shell 2. The refractory material 4 in the furnace, which is arranged inside the water-cooled jacket 3 (inside the furnace) and is cooled by the water-cooled jacket 3, and the opening 31 provided in the water-cooled jacket 3 are attached so as to surround the periphery. It is configured to include a square tubular tap hole frame 5 and a tap hole 6 formed inside the tap hole frame 5 so as to communicate with the inside of the furnace. In FIG. 1, the shell 2 is shown by a broken line to show the water-cooled jacket 3 inside.

The shell 2 is formed of a metal material such as a steel material and constitutes the furnace body of the flash smelting furnace 1. An opening 21 is provided at a predetermined position on the outer wall surface of the shell 2 at a position corresponding to an opening 31 provided in the water-cooled jacket 3 to be described later, which is arranged at a predetermined position in the shell 2. Then, the tap hole frame 5 integrally attached to the water-cooled jacket 3 described later is extended to the outside of the shell 2 from the opening 21 provided in the shell 2. In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, the water-cooled jacket 3 and the tap hole frame 5 are arranged without being fixed to the shell 2. In this way, by making the water-cooled jacket 3, the taphole frame 5, and the shell 2 relatively movable without being fixed, the refractory material 4 in the furnace and the refractory bricks 50, 50 in the taphole frame 5, which will be described later, are made relatively movable. It prevents the tap hole frame from being partially damaged due to the generation of strain and stress due to the expansion of the hot water, and the formation of a hot water passage other than the tap hole. The opening 21 of the shell 2 is opened to a size that allows the tap hole frame 5 to move due to distortion due to expansion of the refractory material 4 in the furnace or the refractory bricks 50, 50 in the tap hole frame 5. Needless to say, it is.

The water-cooled jacket 3 is configured to include a main body 30 having a plurality of cooling pipes 32, 32 for circulating cooling water inside, and a plurality of ribs 35, 35 provided on the inner surface of the furnace of the main body 30. .. As shown in FIG. 3, an opening 31 is formed in the center of the water-cooled jacket 3, and the cooling pipes 32, 32 are arranged so as to surround the opening 31. Water supply ports 33 and 33 for supplying cooling water are provided on one end side of each of the cooling pipes 32 and 32, and drainage ports 34 and 34 for discharging cooling water are provided on the other end side. ing. A plurality of ribs 35, 35 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) provided on the inner surface of the furnace of the water-cooled jacket 3 are integrated with the jacket body 30 and arranged at predetermined intervals. A refractory material 4 in the furnace, which is formed by laminating refractory bricks or the like on the ribs 35, 35, is arranged. The surface of the water-cooled jacket 3 is covered with the refractory material 4 in the furnace to prevent the water-cooled jacket 3 from being damaged by the heat of the furnace. The water-cooled jacket 3 is preferably made of a metal having high thermal conductivity, for example, copper.

The tap hole frame 5 is a square tubular member having a hollow inside, which is attached so as to surround the opening 31 provided in the water-cooled jacket 3. The tap hole frame 5 is formed of a metallic material such as a steel material, and a flange portion 51 formed around the tip end side of the tap hole frame 5 is brought into contact with the surface of the water-cooled jacket 3 on the outside of the furnace, and FIG. After matching with the opening 31 of the water-cooled jacket 3 shown in the above, the water-cooled jacket 3 is fixed to the water-cooled jacket 3 by a plurality of bolts 7 and 7. The inside of the tap hole frame 5 is filled with a plurality of refractory bricks 50, 50, and a tap hole 6 which is a through hole for extracting hot water is formed in the center thereof. The outer shape of the tap hole frame 5 is not limited to a square cylinder.

In this way, by fixing one end of the tap hole frame 5 to the water-cooled jacket 3, the tap hole frame 5 and the water-cooled jacket 3 are integrated, so that the tap hole frame 5 can be installed without being fixed to the shell 2. Becomes possible. Since no irregular refractory is interposed between the shell 2 and the water-cooled jacket 3, the water-cooled jacket 3 and the tap hole frame 5 are shells even if the refractory 4 and the refractory bricks 50 and 50 in the furnace expand. Since it moves (deforms) in a state of being separated from 2, no stress is generated between the tap hole frame 5 and the shell 2, so that the refractory bricks 50 and 50 are cracked and hot water leaks due to the deformation of the shell 2. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of troubles such as. Further, by not interposing an amorphous refractory between the shell 2 and the water-cooled jacket 3, the heat dissipation effect is enhanced, and the amount of cooling water to be flowed to the water-cooled jacket 3 can be reduced. The mat M or slag is discharged from the tap hole 6, and the mat M or slag is transferred to a predetermined place through a gutter 9 arranged in the vicinity of the tap hole 6 as shown in FIG. Will be done. Further, it is preferable to provide a slight gap between the water-cooled jacket 3 and the tap hole frame 5 and the shell 2, but if relative movement between the water-cooled jacket 3 and the tap hole frame 5 and the shell 2 is possible, the water-cooled jacket 3 and the shell 2 are separated from each other. It may be in contact.

By the way, as described above, even when the water-cooled jacket 3, the tap hole frame 5, and the shell 2 are arranged in a separated state without being fixed, the refractory material 4 and the refractory brick 50 in the furnace are arranged. , 50 It is difficult to avoid the effects of thermal expansion. If the position of the tap hole 6 is significantly displaced from the initial position due to the movement (deformation) of the water-cooled jacket 3 and the tap hole frame 5, the molten metal does not flow correctly into the gutter 9 and the molten metal scatters. It is conceivable to do. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically measure or monitor the positional deviation of the tap hole 6 (or the tap hole frame 5) and maintain the relative positions of the gutter 9 and the tap hole 6 appropriately as necessary. Therefore, in the present embodiment, as further shown in FIG. 5, a displacement sensor 8 is installed at a predetermined position facing the tap hole 6 to measure the vertical and horizontal movement amounts of the tap hole 6, and the angle deviation and the positional deviation are displaced. Is to be monitored. The displacement sensor 8 is preferably provided at a fixed point that does not move by using the floor or pillar of the building in which the flash smelting furnace 1 is housed. The displacement sensor 8 is for detecting an angular deviation or a positional deviation and converting the amount of change into a distance. However, in the present invention, it is necessary to select a type that can be used in a high temperature atmosphere. Specifically, a non-contact type such as a laser focus type, an ultrasonic type, or a triangular ranging type is recommended. Then, if the tap hole 6 is displaced in the lateral direction, the molten metal does not flow correctly into the gutter 9, if the tap hole 6 is displaced upward, the droplets of the molten metal increase, and if the position is displaced downward, the molten metal is stable. Therefore, the gutter 9 is formed so as to be movable in both the vertical direction and the horizontal direction so that the position can be adjusted in advance, and it is possible to cope with the misalignment of the tap hole 6. It has become like.

As described above, according to the tap hole structure of the metal smelting furnace according to the present embodiment, the cooling water for holding the refractory in the furnace 4 constituting the inner wall of the furnace and cooling the refractory in the furnace 4 inside. The tap hole frame 5 is fixed to the water cooling jacket 3 in which the cooling pipe 32 is arranged to circulate the water cooling pipe 32, and the water cooling jacket 3 and the tap hole frame 5 are integrated. Since it is not directly connected, damage to the refractory brick 50, shell 2 and tap hole frame 5 in the tap hole due to expansion, deformation and misalignment of the refractory material 4 in the furnace can be prevented, and hot water leakage occurs. Has the effect of being able to prevent.

Further, according to the tap hole structure of the metal smelting furnace according to the present embodiment, the water-cooled jacket 3 and the tap hole frame 5 are arranged so as to have a predetermined distance from the shell 2, so that the refractory in the furnace 4 and the fire resistance are fireproof. Since it is possible to prevent the occurrence of strain and stress due to the expansion of the bricks 50 and 50, it is possible to prevent damage to the shell 2 and the tap hole frame 5, and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of hot water leakage.

Further, according to the tap hole structure of the metal smelting furnace according to the present embodiment, when the position of the tap hole 6 is monitored by the displacement sensor 8, the gutter 9 and the tap hole 6 are displaced from the proper positions. Since it is possible to take immediate action, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of hot water leakage.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from or changing the technical idea of the present invention.

1 Flash smelting furnace 2 Shell 3 Water-cooled jacket 4 Refractory in the furnace 5 Tap hole frame 6 Tap hole 7 Bolt 8 Displacement sensor 9 Gutter 21 Opening 30 Main body 31 Opening 32 Cooling pipe 33 Water supply port 34 Drainage port 35 Rib 50 Fireproof brick 51 Furnace

Claims (4)

In the tap hole structure of a metal refining furnace for taking out molten metal such as mats and slag from the furnace.
A tap hole in which a tap hole for extracting the molten metal is formed in a water-cooled jacket in which a cooling pipe for circulating cooling water for cooling the refractory is arranged while holding the refractory constituting the inner wall of the furnace. By fixing the frame, the water-cooled jacket and the tap hole frame are integrated, and the water-cooled jacket and the tap hole frame are not directly connected to the shell forming the metal smelting furnace. Tap hole structure of metal refractory furnace. In the tap hole structure of the metal smelting furnace according to claim 1,
The tap hole structure of a metal smelting furnace, characterized in that the water-cooled jacket and the tap hole frame are arranged at a predetermined distance from the shell. In the tap hole structure of the metal smelting furnace according to claim 1 or 2.
A tap hole structure of a metal smelting furnace, which comprises a sensor for monitoring the position of the tap hole. In the tap hole structure of the metal smelting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
It is a gutter that guides the molten metal taken out of the furnace through the tap hole, and is further equipped with a gutter that can be moved so that the position can be adjusted according to the positional deviation of the tap hole. Tap hole structure of metal smelting furnace.

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