JP6907161B2 - Anti-glare film, polarizing plate, liquid crystal panel and image display device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an antiglare film, a polarizing plate, a liquid crystal panel and an image display device.

The image display surface of an image display device such as a liquid crystal display (LCD), a cathode ray tube display device (CRT), a plasma display (PDP), an electroluminescence display (ELD), or a field emission display (FED) is usually formed on an observer and an image display surface. An antiglare film having irregularities on the surface and an antireflection film having an antireflection layer on the outermost surface are provided in order to suppress reflection of the background of the observer (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

The antiglare film mainly includes a light-transmitting base material and an antiglare layer having an uneven surface provided on the light-transmitting base material. The antiglare film scatters external light on the uneven surface of the antiglare layer to suppress reflection of the observer and the background of the observer.

Some anti-glare films have anti-glare properties to the extent that reflection is not a concern. However, when not only the antiglare film with almost no reflection but also the antiglare film having antiglare property to the extent that the reflection is not noticeable is arranged on the surface of the image display device, the uneven surface of the antiglare layer causes. Image light may be scattered and so-called glare may occur. It has been proposed to increase the haze in order to prevent the occurrence of glare. However, if the haze is increased, the occurrence of glare can be prevented, but the contrast may decrease.

In addition, at present, the antiglare film has a performance that has both excellent contrast and a sense of dynamism when displaying a moving image (for example, taking the scene of a young man under a blue sky as an example, the hair displayed in the image). Is a smooth black, the eyes are moisturized black, and the skin has a luster peculiar to young people and looks lively, etc.).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-215515

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems. That is, an antiglare film, a polarizing plate, a liquid crystal panel, and an image display device, which can obtain antiglare properties to the extent that glare is not noticeable, and can obtain good glare prevention properties and a good black color feeling. The purpose is to provide.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the antiglare film includes a light-transmitting base material and an antiglare layer provided on the light-transmitting base material and having an uneven surface, wherein the antiglare layer is provided. , A plurality of organic fine particles, a plurality of inorganic fine particles, and a binder resin, and measured using an optical comb having a width of 0.125 mm, a width of 0.25 mm, a width of 0.5 mm, a width of 1.0 mm, and a width of 2.0 mm. The arithmetic average value of the transmitted image sharpness of the antiglare film is 70% or more and 95% or less, and the difference between the arithmetic average value and the transmitted image sharpness measured using each of the optical combs. Anti-glare films are provided that have an absolute value of less than 10%.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the polarized light formed on the surface of the antiglare film and the surface of the light transmissive substrate of the antiglare film opposite to the surface on which the antiglare layer is formed. A polarizing plate is provided, which comprises a child.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a liquid crystal display panel including the above-mentioned antiglare film or the above-mentioned polarizing plate is provided.

According to another aspect of the present invention, an image display device including the above-mentioned antiglare film or the above-mentioned polarizing plate is provided.

According to the antiglare film of one aspect of the present invention, and the polarizing plate, liquid crystal panel, and image display device of another aspect, 0.125 mm width, 0.25 mm width, 0.5 mm width, 1.0 mm width, The arithmetic mean value of the transmission image sharpness of the antiglare film measured using an optical comb having a width of 2.0 mm is 70% or more and 95% or less, and the arithmetic mean value and each optical comb are used for measurement. Since the difference from the transmitted image sharpness is within 10%, it is possible to obtain antiglare property to the extent that reflection is not a concern, and to obtain good glare prevention property and good black color feeling. Can be done.

It is a schematic block diagram of the antiglare film which concerns on embodiment. It is an enlarged view of a part of FIG. It is an enlarged view of a part of FIG. It is a schematic diagram which showed the state of measuring the transmission image sharpness of the antiglare film which concerns on embodiment with a transmission image sharpness measuring apparatus. It is a schematic block diagram of the polarizing plate which concerns on embodiment. It is a schematic block diagram of the liquid crystal panel which concerns on embodiment. It is a schematic block diagram of the liquid crystal display which is an example of the image display device which concerns on embodiment. It is a cross-sectional photograph of the antiglare film according to Example 1 taken by using the scanning transmission electron microscope function of a scanning electron microscope. It is a cross-sectional photograph of the antiglare film according to Example 1 taken by using the scanning transmission electron microscope function of the scanning electron microscope and at a higher magnification than that of FIG.

Hereinafter, the antiglare film and the like according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, in the present specification, terms such as "film", "sheet", and "board" are not distinguished from each other based only on the difference in designation. Thus, for example, "film" is a concept that also includes members that can also be called sheets or plates. As a specific example, the "anti-glare film" includes members called "anti-glare sheet", "anti-glare plate" and the like. Further, in the present specification, the "weight average molecular weight" is a value obtained by dissolving in a solvent such as tetrahydrofuran (THF) and converting into polystyrene by a conventionally known gel permeation chromatography (GPC) method.

<<< Anti-glare film >>>
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an antiglare film according to the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a part of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a part of FIG. 2, and FIG. Is a schematic diagram showing how the transmission image sharpness of the antiglare film according to the present embodiment is measured by the transmission image sharpness measuring device.

As shown in FIG. 1, the antiglare film 10 includes a light-transmitting base material 11 and an antiglare layer 12 provided on the light-transmitting base material 11 and having an uneven surface 12A. It has.

The surface 10A of the antiglare film 10 is an uneven surface. In the present embodiment, since the functional layer such as the low refractive index layer is not provided on the antiglare layer 12, the uneven surface 12A of the antiglare layer 12 is the surface 10A of the antiglare film 10. The "functional layer" is a layer intended to exert some function in the antiglare film, and specifically, for example, exerts a function such as antireflection property, antistatic property, or antifouling property. There is a layer to do. The functional layer may be not only a single layer but also a laminated layer of two or more layers.

In the antiglare film 10, the arithmetic mean value of the transmitted image sharpness measured by using the optical combs of 0.125 mm width, 0.25 mm width, 0.5 mm width, 1.0 mm width, and 2.0 mm width is used. The absolute value of the difference from the transmitted image sharpness measured using each optical comb is within 10%.

The “transmission image sharpness of the antiglare film” means the transmission image sharpness measured as a whole of the antiglare film. In the present embodiment, since the functional layer such as the low refractive index layer is not provided on the antiglare layer 12, the transmission image sharpness of the antiglare film 10 is determined from the light transmissive base material 11 and the antiglare layer 12. It is a transmission image sharpness measured by using the antiglare film 10. When a functional layer such as a low refractive index layer is provided on the antiglare layer, the transmission image sharpness of the antiglare film is an antiglare composed of a light transmitting base material, an antiglare layer, and a functional layer. The transmission image sharpness measured using a dazzling film.

The transmission sharpness can be measured by a transmission sharpness measuring device based on the transmission method of image sharpness of JIS K7374. Examples of such a measuring device include a mapping measuring device ICM-1T manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.

As shown in FIG. 4, the transmission image sharpness measuring device 100 includes a light source 101, a slit 102, a lens 103, a lens 104, an optical comb 105, and a receiver 106. In the transmission sharpness measuring device 100, the light emitted from the light source 101 and passing through the slit 102 is converted into parallel light by the lens 103, and this parallel light is converted into the back surface of the antiglare film 10 (the antiglare layer in the light transmissive base material 11). The surface opposite to the surface on the 12 side) is irradiated, the light transmitted from the uneven surface 12A of the antiglare layer 12 of the antiglare film 10 is focused by the lens 104, and the light that has passed through the optical comb 105 is collected by the receiver. The light is received by the receiver 106, and the transmitted image sharpness C is calculated by the following formula (1) based on the amount of light received by the receiver 106.
C (n) = {(M-m) / (M + m)} x 100 (%) ... (1)
In the formula (1), C (n) is the transmitted image sharpness (%) when the optical comb width is n (mm), M is the maximum amount of light when the optical comb width is n (mm), and m is. This is the minimum amount of light when the width of the optical comb is n (mm).

The optical comb 105 is movable along the longitudinal direction of the optical comb 105 and has a light-shielding portion and a transmissive portion. The width ratio of the light-shielding portion and the transmissive portion of the optical comb 105 is 1: 1. Here, in JIS K7374, five types of optical combs having widths of 0.125 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, and 2.0 mm are defined as optical combs. The antiglare film 10 is arranged so that the light paralleled by the lens 103 is incident on the back surface of the antiglare film 10 perpendicularly to the antiglare film.

The arithmetic mean value of the transmitted image sharpness of the antiglare film 10 measured by using the above five types of optical combs is 70% or more and 95% or less. The lower limit of the arithmetic mean value of the transmitted image sharpness of the antiglare film 10 is preferably 80% or more, and the upper limit of the arithmetic mean value of the transmitted image sharpness of the antiglare film 10 is 90% or less. Is preferable. The transmitted image sharpness of the antiglare film 10 measured using an optical comb having a width of 0.125 mm is preferably 70% or more, and the antiglare film measured using an optical comb having a width of 0.25 mm. The transmission image sharpness of 10 is preferably 70% or more, and the transmission image sharpness of the antiglare film 10 measured by using an optical comb having a width of 0.5 mm is 80% or more. Preferably, the transmitted image sharpness of the antiglare film 10 measured using an optical comb having a width of 1.0 mm is preferably 80% or more, and the protective image measured using an optical comb having a width of 2.0 mm is preferable. The transmission image sharpness of the glare film 10 is preferably 90% or more.

On the surface 10A of the antiglare film 10, the average spacing Sm of the irregularities constituting the surface 10A is preferably 0.1 mm or more and 0.6 mm or less, and 0.2 mm or more and 0.4 mm or less. Is more preferable. On the surface 10A of the antiglare film 10, the average inclination angle θa of the unevenness constituting the surface 10A is preferably 0.05 ° or more and 0.30 ° or less, and 0.15 ° or more and 0.25 ° or less. Is more preferable.

On the surface 10A of the antiglare film 10, the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the unevenness constituting the surface 10A is preferably 0.02 μm or more and 0.20 μm or less, and 0.04 μm or more and 0.10 μm or less. It is more preferable to have.

The definitions of "Sm" and "Ra" above shall be in accordance with JIS B0601-1994. The definition of "θa" shall be in accordance with the surface roughness measuring instrument: SE-3400 / Instruction manual manufactured by Kosaka Laboratory Co., Ltd. (revised 1995.07.20). Specifically, θa is represented by the following equation (2).
θa = tan ^-1 Δa… (2)
In the formula, Δa represents the inclination as an aspect ratio, and is a value obtained by dividing the total sum of the differences between the minimum and maximum parts of each unevenness (corresponding to the height of each convex part) by the reference length.

Sm, θa, and Ra can be measured by using, for example, a surface roughness measuring instrument (model number: SE-3400 / manufactured by Kosaka Laboratory Co., Ltd.) under the following measurement conditions.
1) Touch needle of surface roughness detector (trade name SE2555N (2μ standard) manufactured by Kosaka Laboratory Co., Ltd.), tip radius of curvature 2μm, apex angle 90 degrees, material diamond 2) Measurement conditions of surface roughness measuring instrument -Reference length (roughness curve cutoff value λc): 2.5 mm
・ Evaluation length (reference length (cutoff value λc) x 5): 12.5 mm
・ Feeding speed of stylus: 0.5 mm / s
-Preliminary length: (cutoff value λc) x 2
・ Vertical magnification: 2000 times ・ Horizontal magnification: 10 times

The antiglare film 10 preferably has a total light transmittance of 85% or more. When the total light transmittance is 85% or more, the color reproducibility and visibility can be further improved when the antiglare film 10 is attached to the surface of the image display device. The total light transmittance is more preferably 90% or more. The total light transmittance can be measured by a method conforming to JIS K7361 using a haze meter (manufactured by Murakami Color Technology Laboratory, product number; HM-150).

The haze value (total haze value) of the entire antiglare film 10 is preferably 2% or less. When the total haze value is 2% or less, desired optical characteristics can be obtained, and visibility when the antiglare film 10 is placed on the image display surface can be further improved. The total haze value is more preferably 1% or less. The total haze value can be measured by a method conforming to JIS K7136 using a haze meter (manufactured by Murakami Color Technology Laboratory, product number; HM-150).

The internal haze value of the antiglare film 10 is preferably 0% or more and 2.0% or less. Here, "the internal haze value is substantially 0%" is not limited to the case where the internal haze value is completely 0%, and even when the internal haze value exceeds 0%, the measurement is performed. It is within the range of error, and means that the internal haze value includes a range that can be regarded as almost 0% (for example, an internal haze value of 0.3% or less).

The surface haze value of the antiglare film 10 is preferably 0% or more and 0.3% or less. The surface haze value is caused only by the uneven shape of the uneven surface in the antiglare layer, and can be obtained as follows. First, using a haze meter (HM-150, manufactured by Murakami Color Technology Laboratory), the total haze value of the antiglare film is measured according to JIS K7136. Then, a light-transmitting resin base material is attached to the surface of the antiglare layer via an adhesive layer, an adhesive tape, or the like. As a result, the uneven shape of the uneven surface in the antiglare layer is crushed, and the surface of the antiglare film becomes flat. Then, in this state, the haze value is measured according to JIS K7136 using a haze meter, and the internal haze value is obtained by further subtracting the haze of the adhesive layer and the adhesive tape itself. Since this internal haze value does not take into account the uneven shape of the uneven surface of the antiglare layer, the surface haze value caused only by the uneven shape of the surface of the antiglare layer by subtracting the internal haze value from the total haze value. Is required.

In the antiglare film 10, when the inclination angle of the surface 10A of the antiglare film 10 with respect to the surface 11A of the light transmissive base material 11 in the cross section along the thickness direction of the antiglare film 10 is measured every 0.1 degrees, It is preferable that the ratio of the 99th quartile to the 3rd quartile (99th quartile / 3rd quartile) in the cumulative percentage of the frequency of the inclination angle is 4.0 or more and less than 5.0. When this ratio is 4.0 or more, the tilt angle change rate does not become excessively large and glare can be prevented, and when this ratio is less than 5.0, the surface of the antiglare film 10 is formed. Since the abundance ratio of the portion having an excessive inclination angle at 10A is controlled, the decrease in contrast can be suppressed.

<< Light-transmitting base material >>
The light-transmitting base material 11 is not particularly limited as long as it has light-transmitting property, and is, for example, a cellulose acylate base material, a cycloolefin polymer base material, a polycarbonate base material, an acrylate-based polymer base material, a polyester base material, or Examples include glass substrates.

Examples of the cellulose acylate base material include a cellulose triacetate base material and a cellulose diacetate base material. Examples of the cycloolefin polymer base material include a base material made of a polymer such as a norbornene-based monomer and a monocyclic cycloolefin monomer.

Examples of the polycarbonate base material include an aromatic polycarbonate base material based on bisphenols (bisphenol A and the like), an aliphatic polycarbonate base material such as diethylene glycol bisallyl carbonate and the like.

Examples of the acrylate-based polymer base material include a poly (meth) methyl acrylate base material, a poly (meth) ethyl acrylate base material, a (meth) methyl acrylate- (meth) butyl acrylate copolymer base material, and the like. Can be mentioned.

Examples of the polyester base material include a base material containing at least one of polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and polyethylene naphthalate as constituents.

Examples of the glass base material include glass base materials such as soda lime silica glass, borosilicate glass, and non-alkali glass.

Among these, a cellulose acylate base material is preferable because it is excellent in retardation and easy to adhere to a polarizer, and a triacetyl cellulose base material (TAC base material) is preferable among the cellulose acylate base materials. The triacetyl cellulose base material is a light transmissive base material capable of having an average light transmittance of 50% or more in the visible light region of 380 to 780 nm. The average light transmittance of the triacetyl cellulose base material is preferably 70% or more, more preferably 85% or more.

As the triacetyl cellulose base material, in addition to pure triacetyl cellulose, a component other than acetic acid may be used in combination as a fatty acid that forms an ester with cellulose, such as cellulose acetate propionate and cellulose acetate butyrate. good. Further, if necessary, other cellulose lower fatty acid esters such as diacetyl cellulose, or various additives such as plasticizers, ultraviolet absorbers, and lubricants may be added to these triacetyl celluloses.

A cycloolefin polymer base material is preferable from the viewpoint of excellent retardation and heat resistance, and a polyester base material is preferable from the viewpoint of mechanical properties and heat resistance.

The thickness of the light-transmitting base material 11 is not particularly limited, but can be 5 μm or more and 1000 μm or less, and the lower limit of the thickness of the light-transmitting base material 11 is preferably 15 μm or more, preferably 25 μm, from the viewpoint of handleability and the like. The above is more preferable. The upper limit of the thickness of the light transmissive base material 11 is preferably 80 μm or less from the viewpoint of thinning.

<< Anti-glare layer >>
The antiglare layer 12 is a layer that exhibits antiglare properties, and as shown in FIG. 2, contains a plurality of organic fine particles 13, a plurality of inorganic fine particles 14, and a binder resin 15. The antiglare layer 12 may exhibit other functions while exhibiting antiglare properties. Specifically, the antiglare layer 12 may be a layer that exhibits antiglare properties and, for example, hard coat properties, antireflection properties, antistatic properties, antifouling properties, and the like.

When the antiglare layer 12 is a layer that exhibits a hard coat property in addition to the antiglare property, the antiglare layer 12 is a pencil hardness test (4.9N) specified in JIS K5600-5-4 (1999). It has a hardness of "H" or higher in terms of load).

The surface of the antiglare layer 12 is an uneven surface 12A. Here, the "surface of the antiglare layer" means a surface of the antiglare layer opposite to the surface of the light-transmitting base material side (the back surface of the antiglare layer).

When the antiglare layer 12 has a hard coat property, the thickness of the antiglare layer 12 is preferably 2.0 μm or more and 7.0 μm or less. When the thickness of the antiglare layer 12 is within this range, a desired hardness can be obtained. Further, while the antiglare layer can be thinned, cracking and curling of the antiglare layer can be suppressed. The thickness of the antiglare layer 12 is a value measured from an image of a cross-section electron microscope (TEM, STEM) using image processing software. Here, since the surface of the antiglare layer is an uneven surface, the thickness varies depending on the location, but the above-mentioned "thickness of the antiglare layer" means the average value of the thickness of the antiglare layer. The lower limit of the thickness of the antiglare layer is more preferably 2.5 μm or more, and the upper limit is more preferably 5 μm or less.

<Organic fine particles>
Of the plurality of organic fine particles 13, at least a part of the organic fine particles 13 preferably exists as an organic fine particle agglomerate 13A in which two or more organic fine particles 13 are aggregated. When the number of the organic fine particles 13 constituting the organic fine particle agglomerates 13A is two or more, the area of the convex portion peak having a gentle slope increases on the concave-convex surface 12A, and the convex portion rising surface having a steep slope increases. Since the area is reduced, deterioration of contrast can be suppressed.

In the antiglare layer 12, the maximum height of the organic fine particle aggregates 13A in the thickness direction of the antiglare layer 12 is preferably less than the thickness of the antiglare layer 12. Since the maximum height of the organic fine particle aggregate 13A is less than the thickness of the antiglare layer 12, it is possible to suppress a decrease in contrast and blackness while exhibiting antiglare without causing a steep uneven surface. can.

Examples of the organic fine particles 13 include plastic beads. Specific examples of the plastic beads include polystyrene beads, melamine resin beads, acrylic beads, acrylic-styrene beads, silicone beads, benzoguanamine beads, benzoguanamine / formaldehyde condensed beads, polycarbonate beads, polyethylene beads and the like. It is also preferable to apply a hydrophilic treatment to the surface of the organic fine particles 13. By subjecting the surface of the organic fine particles 13 to a hydrophilic treatment, it is possible to control the state of aggregation with the inorganic fine particles 14.

The average primary particle size of the organic fine particles 13 is preferably 1 μm or more and 5 μm or less. The average primary particle size of the organic fine particles is observed as any of the same type and substantially the same particle size in electron microscope observation (preferably a transmission type such as TEM or STEM) of a cross section passing near the center of the organic fine particles. It is a value calculated as an average value obtained by selecting 30 organic fine particles and measuring the maximum particle size of the cross section. It may be calculated using image analysis software. When the average primary particle size of the organic fine particles 13 is 1 μm or more, antiglare property can be more reliably ensured. Further, when the average primary particle size of the organic fine particles 13 is 5 μm or less, the decrease in contrast can be suppressed. The lower limit of the average primary particle size of the organic fine particles 13 is more preferably 1.5 μm or more, and the upper limit of the average primary particle size of the organic fine particles 13 is more preferably 4.0 μm or less.

Further, when the thickness of the antiglare layer 12 is T and the average primary particle size of the organic fine particles 13 is R, it is preferable that the R / T of the organic fine particles satisfies the relationship of the following formula (3).
0.2 <R / T <0.7 ... (3)

When the R / T satisfies the above formula (3), it is possible to ensure both the antiglare property and the black color feeling.

The number of organic fine particles 13 constituting the organic fine particle aggregate 13A is preferably 2 or more and 3 or less. When the number of organic fine particles 13 constituting the organic fine particle agglomerates 13A is 3 or less, the generation of organic fine particle agglomerates larger than the thickness T of the antiglare layer 12 is more reliably prevented, and a steep convex portion is formed. It can be suppressed from being formed.

The organic fine particle agglomerates 13A may be obtained, for example, by interspersing groups that react with each other on the surface of the organic fine particles to control the agglomerated state of the organic fine particles to obtain the organic fine particle agglomerates 13A. By using a solvent having different affinity and volatileity with the binder resin, aggregation may be controlled by changing the affinity during drying to obtain organic fine particle agglomerates 13A, or organic fine particle agglomerates 13A may be obtained. It may be obtained by controlling the hydrophilization treatment of the constituent organic fine particles, the hydrophobic treatment of the inorganic fine particles 14, and the abundance ratio of the hydroxyl groups of the binder resin 15.

<Inorganic fine particles>
The inorganic fine particles 14 are not particularly limited, but are, for example, _{inorganic oxide fine particles such as silica (SiO 2} ) fine particles, alumina fine particles, titania fine particles, tin oxide fine particles, antimony-doped tin oxide (abbreviation: ATO) fine particles, and zinc oxide fine particles. Can be mentioned.

When silica particles are used as the inorganic fine particles 14, fumed silica fine particles are preferable from the viewpoint that an antiglare layer having a smooth uneven surface can be easily formed among the silica particles. Fused silica is amorphous silica having a particle size of 200 nm or less produced by a dry method, and can be obtained by reacting a volatile compound containing silicon in a gas phase. Specific examples thereof include those produced by hydrolyzing a silicon compound such as silicon tetrachloride (SiCl _{4) in a flame of oxygen and hydrogen.} Examples of commercially available fumed silica fine particles include AEROSIL R805 manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.

When inorganic oxide particles are used as the inorganic fine particles 14, the inorganic oxide fine particles are preferably amorphous. This is because when the inorganic oxide particles are crystalline, the Lewis acid salt of the inorganic oxide fine particles becomes strong due to lattice defects contained in the crystal structure, and excessive aggregation of the inorganic oxide fine particles can be controlled. This is because there is a risk that it will disappear.

When fumed silica fine particles are used as the inorganic fine particles 14, some fumed silica fine particles show hydrophilicity and some show hydrophobicity. Among these, the amount of water absorbed is reduced and antiglare is prevented. From the viewpoint of facilitating dispersion in the layer composition, those exhibiting hydrophobicity are preferable. The hydrophobic fumed silica can be obtained by chemically reacting the silanol groups present on the surface of the fumed silica fine particles with the above-mentioned surface treatment agent.

The inorganic fine particles 14 preferably have a spherical shape in a single particle state. Since the single particles of the inorganic fine particles 14 are spherical in this way, it is possible to obtain an image having better contrast when the antiglare film is arranged on the image display surface of the image display device. Here, "spherical" means that, for example, a true spherical shape, an elliptical spherical shape, and the like are included, but so-called amorphous ones are not included.

The average primary particle size of the inorganic fine particles 14 is preferably 1 nm or more and 100 nm or less. Since the average primary particle size of the inorganic fine particles 14 is 1 nm or more, an antiglare layer having a smooth uneven surface can be more easily formed, and the average primary particle size is 100 nm or less. Diffusion of light due to inorganic fine particles can be suppressed, and excellent contrast can be obtained. The lower limit of the average primary particle size of the inorganic fine particles 14 is more preferably 10 nm or more, and the upper limit of the average primary particle size of the inorganic fine particles 14 is more preferably 50 nm or less.

The average primary particle size of the inorganic fine particles 14 is a value measured by using image processing software from an image of a cross-sectional electron microscope (preferably a transmission type such as TEM or STEM and having a magnification of 50,000 times or more).

Of the plurality of inorganic fine particles 14, at least a part of the inorganic fine particles 14 preferably exists as a first inorganic fine particle agglomerate 14A in which three or more inorganic fine particles 14 are aggregated.

The first inorganic fine particle aggregate 14A is present in the binder resin 15 and is composed of three or more inorganic fine particles 14 as described above. As shown in FIG. 3, the first inorganic fine particle aggregate 14A preferably has a bent portion 14B formed by connecting the inorganic fine particle 14s. Here, in the present specification, the "bent portion" is a concept including a curved portion. Examples of the shape having the bent portion 14B include a V-shape, a U-shape, an arc-shape, a C-shape, a thread-shaped shape, a basket-shape, and the like. Both ends of the bent portion 14B may be closed. For example, the first inorganic fine particle aggregate 14 may have an annular structure having the bent portion 14B.

The bent portion 14B may be composed of one inorganic fine particle aggregate formed by connecting the inorganic fine particles and being bent, but the trunk formed by connecting the inorganic fine particles and a branch from the trunk. However, it may be composed of a branch formed by connecting inorganic fine particles, or may be composed of two branches branched from the trunk and connected in the trunk. The "executive" is the longest portion of the first inorganic fine particle aggregate.

The bent portion 14B has an inner region 14C as shown in FIG. The "inner region" is a region sandwiched between the bent portions. The inner region 14C is filled with the binder resin 15. The bent portion 14C preferably exists so as to sandwich the inner region 14C from the thickness direction of the antiglare layer 12.

Since the inorganic fine particle agglomerates in which the inorganic fine particles are aggregated in a mass act as a single solid during the curing shrinkage (polymerization shrinkage) of the photopolymerizable compound which becomes a binder resin after curing, the uneven surface of the antiglare layer is inorganic. Corresponds to the shape of fine particle aggregates. On the other hand, since the first inorganic fine particle aggregate 14A has a bent portion 14B having an inner region 14C, it acts as a solid having a buffering action during curing shrinkage. Therefore, the first inorganic fine particle aggregate 14A is easily and uniformly crushed during curing shrinkage. As a result, the shape of the uneven surface 12A becomes gentler than the shape before curing shrinkage.

In the first inorganic fine particle agglomerate 14A, it is preferable that the ratio of the inorganic fine particles in contact with one or more and three or less inorganic fine particles is 95% or more with respect to one inorganic fine particle. When the ratio of the inorganic fine particles in contact with one or more and three or less inorganic fine particles to one inorganic fine particle is 95% or more, four or more inorganic fine particles are in contact with one inorganic fine particle. Since the proportion of the inorganic fine particles present is extremely small, the overall shape of the first inorganic fine particle aggregate 14 is not lumpy. This ratio of the inorganic fine particles is more preferably 97% or more, further preferably 99% or more.

The abundance ratio of the first inorganic fine particle aggregate 14A in the antiglare layer 12 is higher on the light transmitting base material 11 side of the antiglare layer 12 than on the uneven surface 12A side of the antiglare layer 12. preferable. Here, whether the first inorganic fine particle aggregate exists on the light-transmitting substrate side or the uneven surface side of the antiglare layer is determined by a portion having half the thickness of the antiglare layer as a boundary. Judgment shall be made based on whether it exists on the light-transmitting substrate side from this boundary or on the uneven surface side from this boundary. Further, it was found by cross-section electron microscopy (TEM, STEM) that the abundance ratio of the first inorganic fine particle aggregates was higher on the light-transmitting substrate side of the antiglare layer than on the uneven surface side of the antiglare layer. It can be confirmed by the image of. The uneven surface 12A is steep because the abundance ratio of the first inorganic fine particle aggregate 14A is higher on the light-transmitting base material 11 side of the antiglare layer 12 than on the uneven surface 12A side of the antiglare layer 12. It will be smoother without having a smooth slope, and will have extremely specular reflection and / or diffusion performance close to normal transmission. As a result, while the antiglare layer 12 has antiglare properties, it not only has excellent contrast in a bright room, but also can suppress the generation of stray light in the image light, so that the contrast in a dark room is also excellent. It is possible to obtain an antiglare film 10 having a high contrast and a black color feeling.

Specifically, in the cross section along the thickness direction of the antiglare layer 12, among the first inorganic fine particle aggregates 14A, the first inorganic fine particle coagulation existing on the light transmitting base material 11 side of the antiglare layer 12. When the number of aggregates 14A is Nb and the number of first inorganic fine particle aggregates 14A existing on the uneven surface 12A side of the antiglare layer 12 is Nf, Nb / Nf satisfies the following formula (4). Is preferable.
1.5 <Nb / Nf ... (4)

When Nb / Nf satisfies the above formula (4), the above-mentioned antiglare property and excellent black color can be obtained more reliably.

It is preferable that the first inorganic fine particle agglomerate 14A is present at least at a position on the surface of the organic fine particle agglomerate 13A, away from the organic fine particle agglomerate 13A, and at a position between the organic fine particle agglomerates 13A. On the uneven surface 12A, the position corresponding to the organic fine particle agglomerates 13A is a convex portion, but since the first inorganic fine particle agglomerates 14A are present at the positions on the surface of the organic fine particle agglomerates 13A, the organic fine particle agglomerates 13 By increasing the specific gravity of the particles and suppressing them from floating on the surface and showing a buffering effect on the curing shrinkage of the binder resin 15, the hem of the convex portion on the concave-convex surface 12A changes gently, whereby the uneven surface. 12A becomes smooth. Further, on the uneven surface 12A, the position corresponding to the organic fine particle agglomerates 13 is a convex portion, so that the organic fine particle agglomerates 13 are recessed, but are separated from the organic fine particle agglomerates 13 and are separated from the organic fine particle agglomerates 13. Since the position of the concave portion on the concave-convex surface 12A is increased by the presence of the first inorganic fine particle agglomerate 14A at the position between them, the height difference between the convex portion and the concave portion on the concave-convex surface 12A is reduced, thereby reducing the uneven surface. Since 12A becomes smoother and extremely loose irregularities are formed between the uneven surfaces 12A as described above, the antiglare property can be ensured without deteriorating the contrast.

The average aggregate diameter of the first inorganic fine particle aggregate 14A is preferably 100 nm or more and 2.0 μm or less. When the average agglomeration diameter of the first inorganic fine particle agglomerates 14A is 100 nm or more, a smooth uneven surface 12A can be easily formed, and the average agglomeration diameter of the first inorganic fine particle agglomerates 14A is 2.0 μm. If it is as follows, the diffusion of light by the first inorganic fine particle aggregate 14A can be suppressed, and the antiglare film 10 having excellent contrast can be obtained. The average agglomeration diameter of the first inorganic fine particle agglomerates 14A preferably has a lower limit of 200 nm or more and an upper limit of 1.5 μm or less.

For the average agglomeration diameter of the first inorganic fine particle agglomerates, a 5 μm square region containing a large amount of the first inorganic fine particle agglomerates was selected from the observation with a cross-sectional electron microscope (about 10,000 to 20,000 times), and the region was included. The agglomeration diameter of the first inorganic fine particle agglomerates was measured, and the agglomeration diameters of the top 10 first inorganic fine particle agglomerates were averaged. The above-mentioned "average agglomeration diameter of the first inorganic fine particle agglomerates" is the maximum distance between the two straight lines when the cross section of the first inorganic fine particle agglomerates is sandwiched between two arbitrary parallel straight lines. It is measured as the distance between straight lines in a combination of two straight lines such that. Further, the average agglomeration diameter of the first inorganic fine particle agglomerates may be calculated using image analysis software.

It is preferable that the first inorganic fine particle agglomerate 14A has a larger agglomeration diameter in the direction orthogonal to the thickness direction than the agglomeration diameter in the thickness direction of the antiglare layer 12. The "aggregation diameter in the thickness direction" is defined as the distance between the two straight lines when the cross section of the first inorganic fine particle aggregate is sandwiched between two parallel straight lines perpendicular to the thickness direction of the antiglare layer. Be measured. Further, the above-mentioned "aggregation diameter in the direction orthogonal to the thickness direction" is two when the cross section of the first inorganic fine particle aggregate is sandwiched between two parallel straight lines parallel to the thickness direction of the antiglare layer. Measured as the distance between straight lines. These agglutination diameters may also be calculated using image analysis software.

The first inorganic fine particle aggregate 14A can be obtained, for example, by controlling the hydrophilic treatment of the organic fine particles 13, the hydrophobic treatment of the inorganic fine particles 14, and the abundance ratio of the hydroxyl groups of the binder resin 15. Hydroxyl groups are present on the surface of the inorganic fine particles 14, but when the first inorganic fine particles 14 are hydrophobized, the number of hydroxyl groups present on the surface of the inorganic fine particles 14 is reduced, and the inorganic fine particles are excessively aggregated. Can be suppressed. Further, by subjecting the surface of the inorganic fine particles 14 to a hydrophobic treatment, the chemical resistance and saponification resistance of the inorganic fine particles themselves can be improved.

Such hydrophobizing treatment can be performed by using a surface treatment agent such as silanes and silazanes. Specific examples of the surface treatment agent include dimethyldichlorosilane, silicone oil, hexamethyldisilazane, octylsilane, hexadecylsilane, aminosilane, methacrylsilane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, and polydimethylsiloxane.

Since the first inorganic fine particle agglomerate 14A can be obtained by a method other than the above method, the method for obtaining the first inorganic fine particle agglomerate 14A is not limited to the above method. For example, the surface of the inorganic fine particles may be interspersed with groups that react with each other to control the agglomeration state of the inorganic fine particles to obtain the first inorganic fine particle agglomerate 14A, or the inorganic fine particles and the binder resin may be used. Aggregation may be controlled by changing the affinity during drying by using a solvent having different affinity and volatileity, and the first inorganic fine particle aggregate 14A may be obtained.

As the inorganic fine particles 14 in the antiglare layer 12, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the second inorganic fine particle agglomerates 14D in which two or more inorganic fine particles 14 are agglomerated together with the first inorganic fine particle agglomerates 14A. May be present. The second inorganic fine particle aggregate 14D exists at or near the uneven surface 12A. Further, also in the second inorganic fine particle aggregate 14D, the ratio of the inorganic fine particles in contact with one or more and three or less of the inorganic fine particles is 95% or more with respect to one inorganic fine particle. preferable. Further, the second inorganic fine particle agglomerate 14D preferably has a larger agglomeration diameter in the direction orthogonal to the thickness direction than the agglomeration diameter in the thickness direction of the antiglare layer 12, and further two-dimensionally agglomerates. It is preferable to do so. Further, since the second inorganic fine particle agglomerate 14D exists at or near the uneven surface 12A as compared with the first inorganic fine particle agglomerate 14A, it is more antiglare than the first inorganic fine particle agglomerate 14A. Since the aggregate diameter of the layer 12 in the thickness direction is small, the uneven surface 12A can be made smoother.

Since the hardness of the surface of the antiglare layer 12 can be increased by the presence of the second inorganic fine particle aggregate 14D at or near the uneven surface 12A, it is possible to use a relatively soft binder resin as the binder resin 15. This makes it possible to obtain an antiglare film 10 having excellent flexibility.

The average agglomeration diameter of the second inorganic fine particle agglomerate 14D is preferably 100 nm or more and 2.0 μm or less for the same reason as the average agglomeration diameter of the first inorganic fine particle agglomerate 14A. The average aggregate diameter of the second inorganic fine particle aggregate 14D is more preferably 200 nm or more at the lower limit and more preferably 1.5 μm or less at the upper limit.

Since the inorganic fine particles 14 constituting the second inorganic fine particle aggregate 14D may be the same as the inorganic fine particles 14 constituting the first inorganic fine particle aggregate 14A, the description thereof will be omitted here. .. Further, in the second inorganic fine particle agglomerate 14, similarly to the first inorganic fine particle agglomerate 14A, for example, the hydrophilic treatment of the organic fine particles 13, the hydrophobic treatment of the inorganic fine particles 14, and the presence of the hydroxyl group of the binder resin 15. It can be obtained by controlling the ratio. However, in order to make the aggregated state of the second inorganic fine particle aggregate 14D different from the aggregated state of the first inorganic fine particle aggregate 14A, for example, in the second inorganic fine particle aggregate 14D, the first inorganic fine particle aggregate 14D is used. A surface treatment agent different from that of the aggregate 14A or a surface treatment agent concentration different from that of the first inorganic fine particle aggregate 14A may be used.

In the antiglare layer 12, in the cross section along the thickness direction of the antiglare layer 12 (normal direction of the light transmitting base material 11), among the uneven surfaces 12A of the antiglare layer 12, the organic fine particles 13 and the inorganic fine particles 14 The ratio of the length of the region other than the region corresponding to is preferably 15% or more and 70% or less. When this ratio is 15% or more, the antiglare film produces an appropriate specular transmission (specular reflection) component, and it is possible to secure the shine and brilliance of the image and the contrast, and this ratio is 70% or less. Therefore, excessive specular reflection does not occur, so that anti-glare property can be ensured. The lower limit of this ratio is preferably 20% or more, and the upper limit of this ratio is preferably 60% or less.

The above-mentioned "length of a region other than the region corresponding to the organic fine particles and the inorganic fine particles" means the organic fine particles (organic fine particles coagulated) when viewed from the thickness direction of the antiglare layer in the cross section along the thickness direction of the antiglare layer. It means the length (straight line distance) of a region other than the region of the uneven surface that overlaps with the aggregate) and the inorganic fine particles (first inorganic fine particle aggregate and second inorganic fine particle aggregate). The region other than the region corresponding to the organic fine particles and the inorganic fine particles is a region in which a diffusion element that contributes to internal diffusion and / or surface diffusion does not exist, and the image light transmitted through this region consists of only components in the specular transmission direction. Similarly, the external light also consists of only the specular reflection component. On the contrary, the region corresponding to the organic fine particles and the inorganic fine particles is a region having a diffusing element that contributes to internal diffusion and / or surface diffusion, and the image light transmitted through this region is composed of a diffusing component, and also for external light. It also has a diffuse reflection component. For example, in the case of FIG. 3, the lengths of the regions other than the regions corresponding to the organic fine particles 13 and the inorganic fine particles 14 are L _{1 to} L ₄ . Further, the ratio of this length is a value measured from an image of a cross-sectional electron microscope (TEM, STEM) using image processing software.

<Binder resin>
The binder resin 15 contains a polymer (crosslinked product) of a photopolymerizable compound. The binder resin may contain a solvent-drying resin or a thermosetting resin in addition to a polymer (crosslinked product) of a photopolymerizable compound. The photopolymerizable compound has at least one photopolymerizable functional group. As used herein, the "photopolymerizable functional group" is a functional group capable of undergoing a polymerization reaction by irradiation with light. Examples of the photopolymerizable functional group include an ethylenic double bond such as a (meth) acryloyl group, a vinyl group, and an allyl group. The "(meth) acryloyl group" means that both "acryloyl group" and "methacryloyl group" are included. Examples of the light emitted when the photopolymerizable compound is polymerized include visible light and ionizing radiation such as ultraviolet rays, X-rays, electron beams, α-rays, β-rays, and γ-rays.

Examples of the photopolymerizable compound include a photopolymerizable monomer, a photopolymerizable oligomer, and a photopolymerizable prepolymer, which can be appropriately adjusted and used. As the photopolymerizable compound, a combination of a photopolymerizable monomer and a photopolymerizable oligomer or a photopolymerizable prepolymer is preferable.

It is preferable that the hydrophilicity of the binder resin 15 is controlled. For example, an antiglare film is prepared and confirmed using a binder resin in which the degree of hydrophilicity is controlled by changing the mixing ratio of a photopolymerizable compound having a hydroxyl group and a photopolymerizable compound having no hydroxyl group in advance. This makes it possible to obtain an antiglare film in which the degree of aggregation and uneven distribution of organic fine particles and inorganic fine particles is controlled.

(Photopolymerizable monomer)
The photopolymerizable monomer has a weight average molecular weight of 1000 or less. It should be noted that not only one type of photopolymerizable monomer but also a plurality of types may be used.

As the photopolymerizable monomer, a polyfunctional monomer having two or more photopolymerizable functional groups (that is, bifunctional) is preferable.

Examples of the bifunctional or higher monomer include trimethyl propantri (meth) acrylate, tripropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, dipropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, and pentaerythritol tri (meth). Acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate, trimethyl propanthry (meth) acrylate, ditri Methylolpropantetra (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate, tripentaerythritol octa (meth) acrylate, tetrapentaerythritol deca (meth) acrylate, tri (meth) acrylate of isocyanurate, di (meth) acrylate of isocyanurate. , Polyestertri (meth) acrylate, polyester di (meth) acrylate, bisphenol di (meth) acrylate, diglycerin tetra (meth) acrylate, adamantyldi (meth) acrylate, isoboronyldi (meth) acrylate, dicyclopentanedi (meth) Examples thereof include acrylates, tricyclodecandi (meth) acrylates, ditrimethylolpropanetetra (meth) acrylates, and those modified with PO, EO and the like.

Among these, from the viewpoint of obtaining an antiglare layer having high hardness, pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA), dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (DPHA), pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PETTA), dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate (DPPA) and the like are used. preferable.

(Photopolymerizable oligomer)
The photopolymerizable oligomer has a weight average molecular weight of more than 1000 and less than 10000. As the photopolymerizable oligomer, a polyfunctional oligomer having three or more photopolymerizable functional groups (trifunctional) is preferable. As the photopolymerizable oligomer, a polyfunctional oligomer having two or more functionalities is preferable. Examples of the polyfunctional oligomer include polyester (meth) acrylate, urethane (meth) acrylate, polyester-urethane (meth) acrylate, polyether (meth) acrylate, polyol (meth) acrylate, melamine (meth) acrylate, and isocyanurate (meth). Examples thereof include acrylate and epoxy (meth) acrylate.

(Photopolymerizable prepolymer)
The photopolymerizable prepolymer has a weight average molecular weight of more than 10,000, and the weight average molecular weight is preferably 10,000 or more and 80,000 or less, and more preferably 10,000 or more and 40,000 or less. When the weight average molecular weight exceeds 80,000, the viscosity is high, so that the coating suitability is lowered, and the appearance of the obtained antiglare film may be deteriorated. Examples of the polyfunctional polymer include urethane (meth) acrylate, isocyanurate (meth) acrylate, polyester-urethane (meth) acrylate, and epoxy (meth) acrylate.

The solvent-drying resin is a resin such as a thermoplastic resin that forms a film only by drying a solvent added to adjust the solid content at the time of coating. When the solvent-drying resin is added, it is possible to effectively prevent film defects on the coated surface of the coating liquid when the antiglare layer 12 is formed. The solvent-drying resin is not particularly limited, and in general, a thermoplastic resin can be used.

Examples of the thermoplastic resin include styrene resin, (meth) acrylic resin, vinyl acetate resin, vinyl ether resin, halogen-containing resin, alicyclic olefin resin, polycarbonate resin, polyester resin, and polyamide resin. , Cellulose derivatives, silicone resins and rubbers or elastomers.

The thermoplastic resin is preferably amorphous and soluble in an organic solvent (particularly a common solvent capable of dissolving a plurality of polymers and curable compounds). In particular, from the viewpoint of transparency and weather resistance, styrene resins, (meth) acrylic resins, alicyclic olefin resins, polyester resins, cellulose derivatives (cellulose esters, etc.) and the like are preferable.

The thermosetting resin is not particularly limited, and for example, phenol resin, urea resin, diallyl phthalate resin, melamine resin, guanamine resin, unsaturated polyester resin, polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, aminoalkyd resin, and melamine-urea cocondensation. Examples thereof include resins, silicon resins, and polysiloxane resins.

According to this embodiment, the antiglare film has a transmitted image sharpness measured using optical combs of 0.125 mm width, 0.25 mm width, 0.5 mm width, 1.0 mm width, and 2.0 mm width. The arithmetic mean value is 70% or more, and the absolute value of the difference between this arithmetic mean value and the transmission image sharpness measured using each optical comb is within 10%, so reflection is a concern. It is possible to obtain a degree of anti-glare property that does not cause glare, and a good anti-glare property and a good black color feeling. That is, since the absolute value of the difference between the arithmetic mean value and the transmitted image sharpness measured using each optical comb is within 10%, the difference in transmitted image sharpness for each optical comb is small. This indicates that the transmitted light is diffused only at the convex portion of the surface of the antiglare film and not at the flat portion of the surface of the antiglare film. That is, it means that there is almost no inclination in the flat portion. As described above, since the flat portion has almost no inclination, the occurrence of glaring can be suppressed, so that good glaring prevention can be obtained. Further, since the flat portion has almost no inclination, an appropriate specular reflection component can be provided, so that when a moving image is displayed, the shine and brilliance of the image are increased, and a dynamic feeling can be obtained. Further, since the arithmetic mean value of the transmitted image sharpness is 70% or more, the convex portion on the surface of the antiglare film is not too large. Therefore, in addition to the above effects, it is possible to suppress a decrease in bright room contrast without causing excessive diffusion of external light, and it is also possible to prevent video light from becoming stray light, so that good dark room contrast can be achieved. Can also be obtained. Further, since the arithmetic mean value of the transmitted image sharpness is 95% or less, there are not too many flat portions, that is, convex portions are appropriately formed on the surface of the antiglare film, and the reflected light is appropriately reflected. Since it can be diffused, it is possible to obtain antiglare properties to the extent that reflection is not a concern. As a result, it is possible to obtain anti-glare properties to the extent that reflection is not a concern, and it is possible to obtain a good black color feeling that has good anti-glare properties, excellent contrast, and a sense of dynamism. It should be noted that the antiglare property to the extent that the reflection of the observer (observer) and the background of the observer is not noticeable means, for example, that there is an observer, but only the outline is unclear and blurred. Also, although the existence of objects in the background of the observer is recognized, it means anti-glare property that makes the outline and boundaries unclear. In this way, only the outline of the observer is blurred, and the observer is less concerned about the reflection.

According to the present embodiment, since the first inorganic fine particle agglomerate 14A has a bent portion 14B having an inner region 14C, as described above, the first inorganic fine particle agglomerate 14A undergoes curing shrinkage. It is easily and uniformly crushed. As a result, the first inorganic fine particle aggregate 14A has an action of forming the uneven surface 12A, but the shape of the uneven surface 12A becomes gentler than the amount of curing shrinkage, and the uneven surface 12A is an observer (observer). In addition, it has anti-glare properties to the extent that the reflection of the observer's background is not noticeable, and it can effectively prevent the occurrence of sudden changes in the tilt angle change rate that cause a sudden change in brightness, resulting in better glare. Preventability can be obtained. Further, since the inclination angle of the unevenness forming the uneven surface 12A does not increase, excessive diffusion of external light does not occur. As a result, the decrease in bright room contrast can be further suppressed. Further, since it is possible to prevent the image light from becoming stray light, it is possible to obtain a better darkroom contrast. Further, since it has an appropriate specular reflection component, when a moving image is displayed, the shine and brilliance of the image are increased, and a more dynamic feeling can be obtained. As a result, it is possible to obtain a more black color that has both excellent contrast and a sense of dynamism.

<<< Manufacturing method of anti-glare film >>>
The antiglare film 10 can be formed, for example, as follows. First, the antiglare layer composition is applied onto the light-transmitting base material 11. Examples of the method for applying the antiglare layer composition include known coating methods such as spin coating, dip method, spray method, slide coating method, bar coating method, roll coating method, gravure coating method, and die coating method.

<< Composition for antiglare layer >>
The composition for the antiglare layer contains at least the organic fine particles 13, the inorganic fine particles 14, and the photopolymerizable compound, and preferably the organic fine particle agglomerates 13A, the first inorganic fine particle agglomerates 14A, and the second inorganic. Contains fine particle agglomerates 14D. In addition, if necessary, the thermoplastic resin, the thermosetting resin, the solvent, and the polymerization initiator may be added to the antiglare layer composition. Further, the composition for the antiglare layer includes conventionally known dispersants, surfactants, and antistatic agents, depending on the purpose of increasing the hardness of the antiglare layer, suppressing curing shrinkage, controlling the refractive index, and the like. , Silane coupling agent, thickener, anti-coloring agent, coloring agent (pigment, dye), defoaming agent, leveling agent, flame retardant, UV absorber, adhesive-imparting agent, polymerization inhibitor, antioxidant, surface modification Pawnbrokers, anti-slip agents and the like may be added.

<Solvent>
Examples of the solvent include alcohols (eg, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, s-butanol, t-butanol, benzyl alcohol, PGME, ethylene glycol), ketones (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), cyclohexanone). , Methyl isobutyl ketone, diacetone alcohol, cycloheptanone, diethyl ketone, etc.), ethers (1,4-dioxane, dioxolane, diisopropyl ether dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, etc.), aliphatic hydrocarbons (hexane, etc.), alicyclic Hydrocarbons (cyclohexane, etc.), aromatic hydrocarbons (toluene, xylene, etc.), carbon halides (dioxide, dichloroethane, etc.), esters (methyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, lactic acid) Ethyl, etc.), cellosolves (methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve, etc.), cellosolve acetates, sulfoxides (dimethylsulfoxide, etc.), amides (dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, etc.), etc. can be exemplified. May be good.

<Polymerization initiator>
A polymerization initiator is a component that is decomposed by light irradiation to generate radicals to initiate or proceed with the polymerization (crosslinking) of a photopolymerizable compound.

The polymerization initiator is not particularly limited as long as it can release a substance that initiates radical polymerization by irradiation with light. The polymerization initiator is not particularly limited, and known ones can be used. Specific examples thereof include acetophenones, benzophenones, Michler benzoylbenzoates, α-amyloxime esters, thioxanthones, and propiophenones. , Benzyls, benzoins, acylphosphine oxides and the like. Further, it is preferable to use a photosensitizer in combination, and specific examples thereof include n-butylamine, triethylamine, poly-n-butylphosphine and the like.

As the polymerization initiator, when the binder resin is a resin system having a radically polymerizable unsaturated group, it is preferable to use acetophenones, benzophenones, thioxanthones, benzoins, benzoin methyl ethers and the like alone or in combination. ..

The content of the polymerization initiator in the antiglare layer composition is preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more and 10.0 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the photopolymerizable compound. By keeping the content of the polymerization initiator within this range, the hard coating performance can be sufficiently maintained and the curing inhibition can be suppressed.

The content ratio (solid content) of the raw material in the composition for the antiglare layer is not particularly limited, but is usually preferably 5% by mass or more and 70% by mass or less, and more preferably 25% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less. ..

The method for preparing the composition for the antiglare layer is not particularly limited as long as each component can be uniformly mixed, and for example, a known device such as a paint shaker, a bead mill, a kneader, or a mixer can be used.

After applying the antiglare layer composition on the light transmissive base material 11, the coating film-like antiglare layer composition is transported to a heated zone for drying, and antiglare is applied by various known methods. The layer composition is dried to evaporate the solvent. Here, by selecting the affinity between the solvent and the solid content, the relative solvent evaporation rate, the solid content concentration, the coating liquid temperature, the drying temperature, the air velocity of the drying air, the drying time, the solvent atmosphere concentration in the drying zone, etc., it is organic. The distribution state of the fine particle agglomerates 13A, the first inorganic fine particle agglomerates 14A, and the second inorganic fine particle agglomerates 14D can be adjusted.

In particular, a method of adjusting the distribution state of agglomerates of fine particles by selecting drying conditions is convenient and preferable. The specific drying temperature is preferably 30 to 120 ° C. and the drying air speed is 0.2 to 50 m / s, and the drying treatment appropriately adjusted within this range is performed once or a plurality of times to obtain the fine particles. The distribution state of the agglomerates can be adjusted to a desired state.

Then, the coating-like antiglare layer composition is irradiated with light such as ultraviolet rays to polymerize (crosslink) the photopolymerizable compound to cure the antiglare layer composition, thereby forming the antiglare layer 12. Form. Here, as described above, since the first inorganic fine particle aggregate 14A has a bent portion 14B having an inner region 14C, it acts as a solid having a buffering action during curing shrinkage. Therefore, the first inorganic fine particle aggregate 14A is easily and uniformly crushed during curing shrinkage.

When ultraviolet rays are used as the light for curing the antiglare layer composition, ultraviolet rays emitted from an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp, a high pressure mercury lamp, a low pressure mercury lamp, a carbon arc, a xenon arc, a metal halide lamp, or the like can be used. Further, as the wavelength of ultraviolet rays, a wavelength range of 190 to 380 nm can be used. Specific examples of the electron beam source include various electron beam accelerators such as a cockcroftwald type, a bandegraft type, a resonance transformer type, an insulated core transformer type, or a linear type, a dynamitron type, and a high frequency type.

<<< Polarizing plate >>
The antiglare film 10 can be used, for example, by incorporating it into a polarizing plate. FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a polarizing plate incorporating the antiglare film according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5, the polarizing plate 20 includes an antiglare film 10, a polarizer 21, and a protective film 22. The polarizer 21 is formed on a surface of the light transmissive base material 11 opposite to the surface on which the antiglare layer 12 is formed. The protective film 22 is provided on the surface of the polarizer 21 opposite to the surface on which the antiglare film 10 is provided. The protective film 22 may be a retardation film.

Examples of the polarizer 21 include a polyvinyl alcohol film dyed and stretched with iodine and the like, a polyvinyl formal film, a polyvinyl acetal film, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymerization system saponified film, and the like. When laminating the antiglare film 10 and the polarizer 21, it is preferable that the light transmissive base material 11 is saponified in advance. By performing the saponification treatment, the adhesiveness is improved and the antistatic effect can be obtained.

<<< LCD panel >>>
The antiglare film 10 and the polarizing plate 20 can be used by being incorporated in a liquid crystal panel. FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a liquid crystal panel incorporating the antiglare film according to the present embodiment.

The liquid crystal panel shown in FIG. 6 has a protective film 31 such as a triacetyl cellulose film (TAC film), a polarizer 32, a retardation film 33, and an adhesive from the light source side (backlight unit side) toward the observer side. It has a structure in which a layer 34, a liquid crystal cell 35, an adhesive layer 36, a retardation film 37, a polarizer 21, and an antiglare film 10 are laminated in this order. The liquid crystal cell 35 has a liquid crystal layer, an alignment film, an electrode layer, a color filter, and the like arranged between two glass substrates.

Examples of the retardation films 33 and 37 include a triacetyl cellulose film and a cycloolefin polymer film. The retardation film 37 may be the same as the protective film 22. Examples of the adhesive constituting the adhesive layers 34 and 36 include pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA).

<<< Image display device >>>
The antiglare film 10, the polarizing plate 20, and the liquid crystal panel 30 can be used by being incorporated in an image display device. Examples of the image display device include a liquid crystal display (LCD), a cathode ray tube display device (CRT), a plasma display (PDP), an electroluminescence display (ELD), a field emission display (FED), a touch panel, a tablet PC, and electronic paper. Can be mentioned. FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a liquid crystal display which is an example of an image display device incorporating the antiglare film according to the present embodiment.

The image display device 40 shown in FIG. 7 is a liquid crystal display. The image display device 40 includes a backlight unit 41 and a liquid crystal panel 30 provided with an antiglare film 10 arranged on the observer side of the backlight unit 41. As the backlight unit 41, a known backlight unit can be used.

In order to explain the present invention in detail, examples will be given below, but the present invention is not limited to these descriptions.

<Preparation of composition for antiglare layer>
First, each component was blended so as to have the composition shown below to obtain a composition for an antiglare layer.
(Composition for Antiglare Layer 1)
-Acrylic-styrene copolymer particles (organic fine particles, average primary particle size 2.0 μm, refractive index 1.52, manufactured by Sekisui Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.): 3 parts by mass-Fumed silica (inorganic fine particles, hexamethyldisilazane treatment) , Average primary particle size 50 nm, manufactured by Nippon Aerozil): 1 part by mass, pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA) (product name "PETIA", manufactured by Daicel Cytec): 60 parts by mass, isocyanuric acid ethoxy-modified diacrylate (product) Name "M-215", manufactured by Toa Synthetic Co., Ltd.): 40 parts by mass, polymerization initiator (product name "Irgacure 184", manufactured by BASF Japan): 5 parts by mass, polyether-modified silicone (product name "TSF4460", momentary) -Performance Materials): 0.025 parts by mass-Toluene: 120 parts by mass-Methylisobutylketone (MIBK): 30 parts by mass

(Composition for antiglare layer 2)
-Acrylic-styrene copolymer particles (organic fine particles, average primary particle size 2.0 μm, refractive index 1.52, manufactured by Sekisui Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.): 4 parts by mass-Fumed silica (inorganic fine particles, hexamethyldisilazane treatment) , Average primary particle size 50 nm, manufactured by Nippon Aerozil): 1 part by mass, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PETTA) (product name "PETA", manufactured by Daicel Cytec): 60 parts by mass, urethane acrylate (product name "UV1700B") , Nippon Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd.): 40 parts by mass, polymerization initiator (product name "Irgacure 184", manufactured by BASF Japan): 5 parts by mass, polyether-modified silicone (product name "TSF4460", Momentive Performance Materials) (Manufactured by): 0.025 parts by mass, toluene: 120 parts by mass, cyclohexanone: 30 parts by mass

(Composition for antiglare layer 3)
-Acrylic-styrene copolymer particles (organic fine particles, average primary particle size 2.0 μm, refractive index 1.52, manufactured by Sekisui Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.): 2 parts by mass-Fumed silica (inorganic fine particles, octylsilane treatment, average) Primary particle size 12 nm, manufactured by Nippon Aerozil): 2 parts by mass, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PETTA) (product name "PETA", manufactured by Daicel Cytec): 60 parts by mass, urethane acrylate (product name "UV1700B", Japan Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd.): 40 parts by mass, polymerization initiator (product name "Irgacure 184", manufactured by BASF Japan): 5 parts by mass, polyether-modified silicone (product name "TSF4460", manufactured by Momentive Performance Materials) ): 0.025 parts by mass, toluene: 105 parts by mass, isopropyl alcohol: 30 parts by mass, cyclohexanone: 15 parts by mass

(Composition for Antiglare Layer 4)
-Acrylic-styrene copolymer particles (organic fine particles, average primary particle size 3.5 μm, refractive index 1.52, manufactured by Sekisui Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.): 4.5 parts by mass-Pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA) (product name) "PETIA", manufactured by Daicel Cytec Co., Ltd.): 65 parts by mass, isocyanuric acid-modified triacrylate (product name "M-313", manufactured by Toa Synthetic Co., Ltd.): 35 parts by mass, polymerization initiator (product name "Irgacure 184", BASF Japan): 5 parts by mass, polyether-modified silicone (product name "TSF4460", manufactured by Momentive Performance Materials): 0.025 parts by mass, toluene: 110 parts by mass, cyclohexanone: 50 parts by mass

(Composition 5 for antiglare layer)
-Atypical silica particles (inorganic fine particles, hydrophobic treatment, average particle size (laser diffraction scattering method) 2.3 μm, manufactured by Fuji Silicia Chemical Co., Ltd.): 2 parts by mass-Pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA) (product name "PETIA" , Daicel Cytec Co., Ltd.): 100 parts by mass, polymerization initiator (product name "Irgacure 184", manufactured by BASF Japan): 5 parts by mass, polyether-modified silicone (product name "TSF4460", Momentive Performance Materials) (Manufactured by the company): 0.025 parts by mass, toluene: 150 parts by mass, methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK): 35 parts by mass The amorphous silica particles were produced by the gel method.

(Composition for Antiglare Layer 6)
-Acrylic-styrene copolymer particles (organic fine particles, average primary particle size 3.0 μm, refractive index 1.52, manufactured by Sekisui Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.): 7 parts by mass-Atypical silica particles (inorganic fine particles, hydrophobic treatment, Average particle size (laser diffraction / scattering method) 2.7 μm, manufactured by Fuji Silicia Chemical Co., Ltd.): 2 parts by mass, pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA) (product name "PETIA", manufactured by Daicel Cytec Co., Ltd.): 100 parts by mass, polymerization Initiator (product name "Irgacure 184", manufactured by BASF Japan): 5 parts by mass, polyether-modified silicone (product name "TSF4460", manufactured by Momentive Performance Materials): 0.025 parts by mass, toluene: 120 Parts by mass ・ Cyclohexanone: 30 parts by mass The amorphous silica particles were produced by the gel method.

<Example 1>
Triacetyl cellulose substrate thickness 60μm as the light transmitting substrate (Fuji off Lee Lum Inc., TD60UL) was prepared, and on one surface of a triacetyl cellulose substrate, an antiglare layer composition 1 was applied, A coating film was formed. Next, dry air at 70 ° C. was circulated through the formed coating film at a flow rate of 0.2 m / s for 15 seconds, and then dry air at 70 ° C. was further circulated at a flow rate of 10 m / s for 30 seconds for drying. The solvent in the coating film is evaporated by allowing the coating film to be cured, and the coating film is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays in a nitrogen atmosphere (oxygen concentration of 200 ppm or less) ^{so that the integrated light amount is 100 mJ / cm 2.} An antiglare layer having a thickness of 4 μm was formed, and an antiglare film according to Example 1 was produced.

<Example 2>
In Example 2, the antiglare layer composition 2 was used instead of the antiglare layer composition 1, and the antiglare layer was prevented in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the antiglare layer at the time of curing was 3 μm. A dazzling film was produced.

<Example 3>
In Example 3, an antiglare film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the antiglare layer composition 3 was used instead of the antiglare layer composition 1.

<Comparative example 1>
In Comparative Example 1, the antiglare layer composition 4 was used instead of the antiglare layer composition 1, and the antiglare layer was prevented in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the antiglare layer at the time of curing was 6 μm. A dazzling film was produced.

<Comparative example 2>
In Comparative Example 2, the antiglare layer composition 5 was used instead of the antiglare layer composition 1, and the antiglare layer was prevented in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the antiglare layer at the time of curing was 3 μm. A dazzling film was produced.

<Comparative example 3>
In Comparative Example 3, the antiglare layer composition 6 was used instead of the antiglare layer composition 1, and the antiglare layer was prevented in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the antiglare layer at the time of curing was 3 μm. A dazzling film was produced.

<Cross-section observation of antiglare film>
The cross sections of the antiglare films obtained in Examples 1 and 2 were photographed using a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) function of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) (S-4800, manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech). The obtained STEM cross-sectional photograph was observed. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional photograph of the antiglare film according to Example 1 taken by using the scanning transmission electron microscope function of the scanning electron microscope, and FIG. 9 is an enlarged photograph thereof.

From the photograph of FIG. 8, the presence of the organic fine particle agglomerates, the presence of the inorganic fine particle agglomerates, and the position where the inorganic fine particle agglomerates are at least the uneven surface of the antiglare layer or its vicinity, and the organic fine particle agglomerates. In the position of the surface, the position separated from the organic fine particle agglomerates and the position between the organic fine particle agglomerates, and the inorganic fine particle agglomerates existing at or near the uneven surface of the antiglare layer. It was confirmed that the agglomeration diameter in the direction orthogonal to the thickness direction is larger than the agglomeration diameter in the thickness direction of the antiglare layer.

Further, as a result of image analysis of the photograph of FIG. 9, the inorganic fine particle agglomerates existing on the surface of the organic fine particle agglomerates and at positions separated from the organic fine particle agglomerates and between the organic fine particle agglomerates are binder resins. It was confirmed to have a bend with an inner region filled with.

<Transparent image sharpness>
For each of the antiglare films obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples, a mapping property measuring device (model number: ICM-1T, manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.) was used in accordance with the method for measuring image sharpness by the transmission method of JIS K7374. The setting was made, and the triacetyl cellulose base material side was placed toward the light source, and the transmission image sharpness was measured. As the optical comb, those having a width of 0.125 mm, a width of 0.25 mm, a width of 0.5 mm, a width of 1.0 mm, and a width of 2.0 mm were used, and the transmission image sharpness was measured, respectively. Moreover, the arithmetic mean value was obtained by summing the measured transmission image sharpness, and the absolute value of the difference between the arithmetic mean value and each transmission image sharpness value was obtained.

<Anti-glare>
In order to prevent back surface reflection via a transparent adhesive on the surface of the triacetyl cellulose base material of each antiglare film obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples on the side opposite to the surface on which the antiglare layer is formed. The black acrylic plate of was pasted as a sample. This sample was visually evaluated in a bright room environment, and it was evaluated by the following criteria whether or not 15 subjects obtained the observer and the antiglare property to the extent that the reflection of the observer's background was not noticeable. ..
◎: 10 or more people answered good ○: 5-9 people answered good ×: 4 or less people answered good

<Glitter>
In each of the antiglare films obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples, glare was evaluated as follows. A light box (white surface light source) with a brightness of 1500 cd / m ² , a black matrix glass of 140 ppi, and an antiglare film are stacked in this order from the bottom, and 15 subjects visually observe from various angles up and down, left and right from a distance of about 30 cm. Evaluation was performed. It was judged whether or not glare was anxious, and evaluated according to the following criteria.
◎: 10 or more people answered good ○: 5-9 people answered good ×: 4 or less people answered good

<Black color>
In each of the antiglare films obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples, the blackness was evaluated as follows. The polarizing plate on the outermost surface of the Sony LCD TV "KDL-40X2500" was peeled off, and a polarizing plate without surface coating was attached. Next, the antiglare film according to the examples and the comparative examples obtained therein was subjected to a transparent adhesive film for an antiglare film (total light transmittance of 91% or more, haze 0.) so that the antiglare layer side was the outermost surface. It was attached by a product having a thickness of 3% or less and a film thickness of 20 to 50 μm (for example, MHM series: manufactured by Niei Kako Co., Ltd.). This LCD TV is installed in a room with an illuminance of about 1000 Lx to display the Media Factory DVD "Phantom of the Opera" from a location 1.5 to 2.0 m away from the LCD TV. By viewing this video by 15 subjects, the sense of blackness was evaluated by sensory evaluation. The sense of blackness was determined by whether or not a moving image was displayed, and the contrast was high, the image was shiny and brilliant, and a dynamic feeling was felt.
The evaluation criteria are as follows.
◎: 10 or more people answered good ○: 5-9 people answered good ×: 4 or less people answered good

<Measurement of all haze, internal haze, and surface haze>
For each of the antiglare films obtained in the above Examples and Comparative Examples, the total haze, the internal haze, and the surface haze were measured as follows. First, using a haze meter (HM-150, manufactured by Murakami Color Technology Laboratory), the total haze value of the antiglare film was measured according to JIS K7136. Then, a triacetyl cellulose base material (manufactured by FUJIFILM Corporation, TD60UL) was attached to the surface of the antiglare layer via a transparent optical adhesive layer. As a result, the uneven shape of the uneven surface in the antiglare layer was crushed, and the surface of the antiglare film became flat. In this state, the haze value was measured according to JIS K7136 using a haze meter (HM-150, manufactured by Murakami Color Technology Research Institute), and the internal haze value was obtained by further subtracting the haze of the adhesive layer itself. Then, the surface haze value was obtained by subtracting the internal haze value from the total haze value.

<Measurement of Sm, θa, and Ra>
Sm, θa, and Ra were measured on the surface of each antiglare film obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples. The definitions of Sm and Ra shall be in accordance with JIS B0601-1994, and θa shall be in accordance with the surface roughness measuring instrument: SE-3400 / Instruction manual manufactured by Kosaka Laboratory Co., Ltd. (revised 1995.07.20).

Specifically, Sm, θa, and Ra were measured using a surface roughness measuring instrument (model number: SE-3400 / manufactured by Kosaka Laboratory Co., Ltd.) under the following measurement conditions.
1) Touch needle of surface roughness detector (trade name SE2555N (2μ standard) manufactured by Kosaka Laboratory Co., Ltd.), tip radius of curvature 2μm, apex angle 90 degrees, material diamond 2) Measurement conditions of surface roughness measuring instrument -Reference length (roughness curve cutoff value λc): 2.5 mm
・ Evaluation length (reference length (cutoff value λc) x 5): 12.5 mm
・ Feeding speed of stylus: 0.5 mm / s
-Preliminary length: (cutoff value λc) x 2
・ Vertical magnification: 2000 times ・ Horizontal magnification: 10 times

<Bending resistance test>
The antiglare films obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples were subjected to a bending resistance test using a bending tester having a mandrel, and the minimum diameter of the mandrel without cracks is shown in Table 2. The bending resistance test was performed according to JIS K5600-5-1 (1999).

<Scratch resistance>
In each of the anti-glare films obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples, steel wool # 0000 (product name: Bonstar, manufactured by Nippon Steel Wool Co., Ltd.) was used, and a load of 700 g / cm ² was applied at a speed of 100 mm / sec. After rubbing 10 times back and forth, a black tape was attached to the surface of the triacetyl cellulose substrate opposite to the surface on which the antiglare layer was formed, and the presence or absence of scratches was visually evaluated under a three-wavelength fluorescent lamp. The evaluation criteria for scratch resistance evaluation are as follows.
◯: No scratches were confirmed, or some scratches were confirmed, but there was no problem in practical use.
X: Many scratches were confirmed.

The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

As shown in Table 2, in Comparative Example 1, good antiglare was obtained, but glare was inferior. It is considered that this is because, in Comparative Example 1, since the absolute value of the difference between each optical comb of the transmitted image sharpness and the arithmetic mean value is large, there are few flat portions and glare is likely to occur. Further, in Comparative Example 2, although the glare and the black color were good, the antiglare property was inferior. It is considered that this is because in Comparative Example 2, since the arithmetic mean value of the transparent image sharpness is large, there are too many flat portions. Further, in Comparative Example 3, the antiglare property was good and the glare was not noticeable, but the blackness was low. In Comparative Example 3, the acrylic-styrene copolymer particles as organic fine particles and amorphous silica formed irregularities on the surface of the antiglare layer, and the haze was high, so that glare could be suppressed. It is considered that this is because the arithmetic mean value of the transparent image sharpness is small and there is almost no flat portion. On the other hand, in Examples 1 to 3, the antiglare property was good, the glare was not noticeable, and the black color feeling was good.

The present invention includes the following inventions.
[1] An antiglare film comprising a light-transmitting base material and an antiglare layer provided on the light-transmitting base material and having an uneven surface.
The antiglare layer contains a plurality of organic fine particles, a plurality of inorganic fine particles, and a binder resin.
The arithmetic mean value of the transmitted image sharpness of the antiglare film measured using an optical comb of 0.125 mm width, 0.25 mm width, 0.5 mm width, 1.0 mm width, and 2.0 mm width is 70% or more. An antiglare film having an absolute value of 95% or less and an absolute value of the difference between the arithmetic mean value and the transmitted image sharpness measured using each optical comb within 10%.
[2] At least a part of the organic fine particles among the plurality of the organic fine particles exists as an organic fine particle agglomerate in which two or more of the organic fine particles are aggregated, and at least a part of the inorganic fine particles among the plurality of the inorganic fine particles. Exists as a first inorganic fine particle agglomerate in which three or more of the inorganic fine particles are aggregated, and the first inorganic fine particle agglomerate is formed by connecting the inorganic fine particles and is filled with the binder resin. The antiglare film according to [1], which comprises a bent portion having an inner region.
[3] The first inorganic fine particle agglomerates are present at least at a position on the surface of the organic fine particle agglomerates and at a position separated from the organic fine particle agglomerates and between the organic fine particle agglomerates. 2] The antiglare film according to.
[4] Among the plurality of the inorganic fine particles, some of the inorganic fine particles exist as a plurality of second inorganic fine particle aggregates in which two or more inorganic fine particles are aggregated.
The second inorganic fine particle agglomerate exists at a position on or near the uneven surface, and is orthogonal to the thickness direction as compared with the agglomeration diameter of the second inorganic fine particle agglomerate in the thickness direction of the antiglare layer. The antiglare film according to [3], wherein the agglomeration diameter of the second inorganic fine particle agglomerates is large in the direction of forming.
[5] The abundance ratio of the first inorganic fine particle aggregates in the antiglare layer is higher on the light transmitting base material side of the antiglare layer than on the uneven surface side of the antiglare layer [2]. ] The antiglare film described in.
[6] When the thickness of the antiglare layer is T and the average particle size of the organic fine particles is R,
0.2 <R / T <0.7
The antiglare film according to [1], which satisfies the above relationship.
[7] The antiglare film according to [1], wherein the average primary particle diameter of the inorganic fine particles is 1 nm or more and 100 nm or less.
[8] In the cross section along the thickness direction of the antiglare layer, the ratio of the length of the region other than the regions corresponding to the organic fine particles and the inorganic fine particles in the uneven surface is 15% or more and 70% or less. The antiglare film according to [1].
[9] The antiglare film according to [1] and
A polarizing plate comprising a polarizing element formed on a surface of the light-transmitting base material of the antiglare film opposite to the surface on which the antiglare layer is formed.
[10] A liquid crystal display panel comprising the antiglare film according to [1] or the polarizing plate according to [9].
[11] An image display device including the antiglare film according to [1] or the polarizing plate according to [9].

10 ... Antiglare film 10A ... Surface 11 ... Light-transmitting base material 12 ... Antiglare layer 12A ... Concavo-convex surface 13 ... Organic fine particles 13A ... Organic fine particle aggregates 14 ... Inorganic fine particles 14A ... First inorganic fine particle aggregates 14B ... Bending Part 14C ... Inner region 14D ... Second inorganic fine particle aggregate 15 ... Binder resin 20 ... Polarizing plate 21 ... Polarizer 30 ... Liquid crystal panel 40 ... Image display device

Claims (18)

An antiglare film provided with a light-transmitting base material and an antiglare layer provided on the light-transmitting base material and having an uneven surface.
The light-transmitting base material is a cellulose acylate base material.
The antiglare layer contains a plurality of organic fine particles, a plurality of inorganic fine particles, and a binder resin having a hydroxyl group.
The inorganic fine particles are spherical inorganic oxide fine particles having a hydrophobic surface and an average primary particle diameter of 1 nm or more and 100 nm or less.
The organic fine particles are organic fine particles having a hydrophilic surface and an average primary particle size of 1 μm or more and 5 μm or less.
The arithmetic mean value of the transmitted image sharpness of the antiglare film measured using optical combs of 0.125 mm width, 0.25 mm width, 0.5 mm width, 1.0 mm width, and 2.0 mm width is 87.8. % Or more and 95% or less, and the absolute value of the difference between the arithmetic mean value and the transmitted image sharpness measured using each optical comb is within 10%. The antiglare film according to claim 1, wherein the binder resin is a polymer of a photopolymerizable compound. The photopolymerizable compound is composed of a photopolymerizable monomer having a weight average molecular weight of 1000 or less, a photopolymerizable oligomer having a weight average molecular weight of more than 1000 and not more than 10,000, and a photopolymerizable polymer having a weight average molecular weight of more than 10,000 and not more than 80,000. The anti-glare film according to claim 2, which is selected. The antiglare film according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inorganic oxide fine particles are amorphous. The antiglare film according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the inorganic oxide fine particles are silica fine particles. The antiglare film according to claim 5, wherein the silica fine particles are fumed silica fine particles. The antiglare film according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the organic fine particles are plastic beads. At least a part of the organic fine particles exists as an organic fine particle agglomerate in which two or more of the organic fine particles are aggregated, and at least a part of the inorganic fine particles of the plurality of inorganic fine particles has three. The inner region is formed as a first inorganic fine particle agglomerate in which the above-mentioned inorganic fine particles are aggregated, and the first inorganic fine particle agglomerate is formed by connecting the inorganic fine particles and is filled with the binder resin. The antiglare film according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which comprises a bent portion having a bent portion. The antiglare film according to claim 8, wherein the average aggregate diameter of the first inorganic fine particle aggregate is 100 nm or more and 2.0 μm or less. The eighth aspect of the present invention, wherein the first inorganic fine particle agglomerates are present at least at a position on the surface of the organic fine particle agglomerates and at a position separated from the organic fine particle agglomerates and between the organic fine particle agglomerates. The antiglare film described. Among the plurality of the inorganic fine particles, some of the inorganic fine particles exist as a plurality of second inorganic fine particle aggregates in which two or more inorganic fine particles are aggregated.
The second inorganic fine particle agglomerate exists at a position on or near the uneven surface, and is orthogonal to the thickness direction as compared with the agglomeration diameter of the second inorganic fine particle agglomerate in the thickness direction of the antiglare layer. The antiglare film according to claim 10, wherein the aggregate diameter of the second inorganic fine particle aggregate in the direction of forming is large. The antiglare film according to claim 11, wherein the average aggregate diameter of the second inorganic fine particle aggregate is 100 nm or more and 2.0 μm or less. The eighth aspect of the present invention, wherein the abundance ratio of the first inorganic fine particle agglomerates in the antiglare layer is higher on the light transmitting base material side of the antiglare layer than on the uneven surface side of the antiglare layer. Anti-glare film. When the thickness of the antiglare layer is T and the average particle size of the organic fine particles is R,
0.2 <R / T <0.7
The antiglare film according to any one of claims 1 to 13, which satisfies the above relationship. Claimed that the ratio of the length of the region other than the regions corresponding to the organic fine particles and the inorganic fine particles in the cross section along the thickness direction of the antiglare layer is 15% or more and 70% or less. Item 2. The antiglare film according to any one of Items 1 to 14. The antiglare film according to any one of claims 1 to 15.
A polarizing plate comprising a polarizing element formed on a surface of the light-transmitting base material of the antiglare film opposite to the surface on which the antiglare layer is formed. A liquid crystal display panel comprising the antiglare film according to any one of claims 1 to 15 or the polarizing plate according to claim 16. An image display device comprising the antiglare film according to any one of claims 1 to 15 or the polarizing plate according to claim 16.

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