JP6907736B2 - Construction machinery cooling system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a cooling device for construction machinery.

Conventionally, there has been known a construction machine in which an engine room is provided in the rear part of a vehicle of an upper swing body and an engine, a radiator, or the like is arranged in the engine room (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which an intake duct is provided on the upstream side of the radiator. Here, since foreign matter such as dust contained in the air adheres to the core surface on the upstream side of the radiator and clogging occurs, it is necessary to clean the radiator.

Specifically, a fan shroud that covers the periphery of the engine fan is arranged on the downstream side of the radiator. Then, an opening window closed by an opening / closing lid is formed on the upper surface of the fan shroud, and the operator rides on the upper swivel body, inserts an air gun through the opening window, and faces the core surface of the radiator. By blowing air, foreign matter adhering to the core surface on the upstream side of the radiator is blown off.

Furthermore, foreign matter accumulated inside the fan shroud is also removed from the opening window.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-20679

However, if an opening window is formed on the upper surface of the fan shroud, it is necessary for the operator to get on the upper swivel body and perform the cleaning work in an unstable posture, and the work of cleaning the radiator with an air gun or , There is a problem that it is difficult to remove the foreign matter accumulated inside the fan shroud.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to facilitate cleaning work inside a radiator or a fan shroud.

In the present invention, the lower traveling body, the upper rotating body mounted on the lower traveling body, the counterweight mounted on the rear part of the vehicle of the upper rotating body, and the counterweight mounted on the rear part of the vehicle are arranged in the machine room in front of the counterweight. The following solutions were taken for the cooling device of the construction machine provided with the engine and the fan for taking air into the machine room to cool the engine.

That is, the first invention comprises a radiator arranged in the machine chamber so that the core surface faces the vehicle left-right direction on the upstream side in the air flow direction with respect to the fan.
A fan shroud that covers the periphery of the fan and guides air that has passed through the radiator toward the engine is provided.
On the rear side wall of the fan shroud, an opening window communicating with the inside of the fan shroud is formed.
The opening window can be opened and closed by an opening / closing lid attached to the fan shroud.
The counterweight is characterized in that a maintenance opening communicating with the machine room is formed at a position where the entire opening window can be visually recognized when viewed from the rear of the vehicle.

In the first invention, an opening window closed with an opening / closing lid is formed on the rear side wall of the fan shroud. A maintenance opening is formed in the counterweight so that the entire opening window can be visually recognized when viewed from the rear of the vehicle.

As a result, the opening window of the fan shroud can be accessed from the rear part of the vehicle of the upper swing body through the maintenance opening of the counterweight. That is, even if the operator does not get on the upper swing body, the cleaning work inside the radiator and the fan shroud can be performed on the ground, which is highly safe and improves workability.

The second invention is the first invention.
The opening window is characterized in that it opens to a position closer to the bottom surface of the fan shroud.

In the second invention, by opening the opening window to a position closer to the bottom surface of the fan shroud, foreign matter accumulated inside the fan shroud can be smoothly swept out without being caught in the lower edge of the opening window.

The third invention is the first or second invention.
A hinge shaft extending in the vertical direction at a position away from the fan shroud when viewed from the rear of the vehicle at the peripheral edge of the maintenance opening.
It is characterized by being provided with a rear cover that is rotatably supported around the hinge shaft and that closes the maintenance opening so that it can be opened and closed.

In a third invention, the maintenance opening is covered with a rear cover that is rotatable about a hinge shaft. The hinge shaft extends in the vertical direction at a position away from the fan shroud when viewed from the rear of the vehicle.

As a result, when the rear cover is opened, the rear edge of the rear cover is opened in a direction away from the fan shroud, and the rear cover and hinge shaft are not present around the opening window of the fan shroud, so cleaning work is performed. Does not get in the way.

The fourth invention is defined in any one of the first to third inventions.
The radiator is characterized in that the core surface is inclined in a direction away from the fan toward the rear of the vehicle.

In the fourth invention, the radiator is tilted in a direction in which the core surface is separated from the fan toward the rear of the vehicle. As a result, it is possible to access the opening window of the fan shroud from the maintenance opening even when the opening width of the maintenance opening is reduced as compared with the case where the radiator is not tilted. That is, the central width of the counterweight can be increased by the amount that the opening width of the maintenance opening is reduced, and the weight of the counterweight can be increased to secure the weight balance.

Further, in the radiator, only the core surface facing the fan functions as an effective area for heat exchange, but by inclining the radiator, heat exchange can be performed in a wider range than the fan diameter. The heat exchange efficiency can be increased.

According to the present invention, the opening window of the fan shroud can be accessed from the rear part of the vehicle of the upper swing body through the maintenance opening of the counterweight.

It is a side view which shows the structure of the construction machine which concerns on this Embodiment 1. It is a top view which shows the internal structure of the upper swing body. It is a rear view which shows the internal structure of the upper swing body. It is a perspective view which shows the state which attaches the heat exchanger inside the intake duct. It is a rear view when the inside of a machine room is seen from a maintenance opening. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the opening window and the opening / closing lid of a fan shroud. It is a top view which shows the state which opened the rear cover. It is a top view which shows the internal structure of the upper swing body which concerns on this Embodiment 2. It is a top view which shows the state which opened the rear cover.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the following description of the preferred embodiment is essentially merely an example and is not intended to limit the present invention, its application or its use.

<< Embodiment 1 >>
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the following description of the preferred embodiment is essentially merely an example and is not intended to limit the present invention, its application or its use. In each figure, the up-down, front-back, left-right directions are indicated by arrows. Unless otherwise specified, the directions such as up and down will be described according to the directions indicated by these arrows.

As shown in FIG. 1, the construction machine 10 includes a crawler-type lower traveling body 11 and an upper rotating body 20 rotatably mounted on the lower traveling body 11. The upper swivel body 20 is provided with an attachment 13, a cab 14, a machine room 15, an upper frame 21, and the like.

The construction machine 10 of the present embodiment is a small swivel type, the upper swivel body 20 is configured to be relatively small so that the swivel radius is small, and the outer outline of the rear part of the upper swivel body 20 is viewed from above. It is formed in an arc shape.

The attachment 13 is installed in the front portion of the upper swing body 20, and is composed of a boom 13a, an arm 13b, a bucket 13c, and the like. Each of the booms 13a and the like operates in conjunction with the expansion and contraction of the hydraulically controlled hydraulic cylinder 13d to perform work such as excavation. The operations of the boom 13a and the like are performed in the cab 14.

The cab 14 is a rectangular box-shaped driver's cab, and is installed adjacent to the attachment 13 on the left front portion of the upper swivel body 20. The machine room 15 is provided at the rear of the upper swing body 20. The machine room 15 is partitioned by a counterweight 22 mounted along the outer peripheral edge of the rear portion of the upper swing body 20 and a machine room cover 16 that covers the periphery of the machine room 15 together with the counterweight 22. The counterweight 22 is for ensuring a front-rear balance with the attachment 13.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the engine 31, the radiator 35, the intake duct 40, and the like are housed in the machine room 15 in a dense state. Maintenance openings 23 are formed in the left rear portion and the right rear portion of the counterweight 22.

The maintenance opening 23 is an opening for performing maintenance of various devices arranged in the machine room 15. The maintenance opening 23 on the left side opens the intake duct 40 and the fan shroud 34 described later at a position where it can be visually recognized from the rear of the vehicle, and can perform replacement work of the air filter 50, cleaning work inside the fan shroud 34, and the like. .. The maintenance opening 23 on the right side opens the engine 31 and the hydraulic pump 32 at a position where they can be visually recognized from the rear of the vehicle.

The maintenance opening 23 is closed by a rear cover 24 so as to be openable and closable. The left rear cover 24 is rotatably supported by a hinge shaft 25 extending in the vertical direction at a position on the front side of the vehicle at the peripheral edge of the maintenance opening 23. By rotating the rear cover 24 on the left side around the hinge shaft 25, the rear portion of the rear cover 24 can be moved forward and the maintenance opening 23 can be opened.

The rear cover 24 on the right side is rotatably supported by a hinge shaft 25 extending in the vertical direction at a position on the rear side of the vehicle at the peripheral edge of the maintenance opening 23. By rotating the rear cover 24 on the right side around the hinge shaft 25, the front portion of the rear cover 24 can be moved rearward and the maintenance opening 23 can be opened.

The upper frame 21 is installed below the upper swivel body 20, and the cab 14, the machine room 15, and the like are provided above the upper frame 21.

The engine 31 is mounted in the machine room 15 via an engine mount (not shown). The engine 31 is arranged inside the machine room 15 so that its drive shaft faces the vehicle in the left-right direction. An intake port 16a is formed on the upper left side of the machine room cover 16. An exhaust port 16b is formed on the upper right side of the machine room cover 16.

In addition to the engine 31, a cooling device such as a hydraulic pump 32, a radiator 35, a fan 33, and an intake duct 40 is housed inside the machine room 15. In the construction machine 10, the intake duct 40, the radiator 35, the fan 33, the engine 31, and the hydraulic pump 32 are arranged side by side in this order from the upstream side in the air flow direction.

The inside of the machine room 15 is partitioned by a partition wall 17 into an engine room 15a in which a radiator 35, a fan 33, and an engine 31 are arranged, and an intake chamber 15b in which an intake duct 40 is arranged.

The radiator 35 is arranged so that the core surface faces the vehicle in the left-right direction. The fan 33 is connected to the left end of the drive shaft of the engine 31 and is arranged between the engine 31 and the radiator 35. The periphery of the fan 33 is covered with a fan shroud 34 so that the air that has passed through the radiator 35 is guided toward the engine 31. The hydraulic pump 32 is connected to the right end of the drive shaft of the engine 31.

In the construction machine 10 of the present embodiment, when the engine 31 is driven, an air flow from the left side to the right side is formed inside the machine room 15, and the engine 31 and the like are cooled by the refrigerant that exchanges heat with the air in the radiator 35. NS.

Specifically, air is taken into the machine room 15 from the intake port 16a by the rotation of the fan 33. The taken-in air passes through the radiator 35, absorbs the heat of the refrigerant flowing through the radiator 35, becomes hot air, and is discharged from the exhaust port 16b to the outside of the machine room 15.

As shown in FIG. 4, the intake duct 40 is formed in a box shape that opens from the upstream side to the downstream side in the air flow direction. The intake duct 40 is arranged on the upstream side in the air flow direction with respect to the radiator 35, and guides the air taken into the intake chamber 15b toward the radiator 35.

A seal member 38 is sandwiched between the intake duct 40 and the radiator 35 (see FIG. 2). The seal member 38 is made of a frame-shaped sponge material or rubber material extending along the outer peripheral edge on the downstream side of the intake duct 40, and is for bringing the intake duct 40 and the radiator 35 into close contact with each other to improve the sealing property. ..

The intake duct 40 has an air filter mounting portion 41 for detachably attaching the air filter 50 to the intake port of the intake duct 40, and a pair of beams for detachably attaching the heat exchanger 45 inside the intake duct 40. A section 43 is provided.

The air filter mounting portion 41 is provided with a pair of guide plates 41a arranged along the upper and lower surfaces of the air filter 50, a contact plate 41b arranged on the front side of the vehicle, and a contact plate 41b arranged on the rear side of the vehicle. It is provided with a holding plate 41c that can be elastically deformed in the plate thickness direction.

The air filter 50 is sandwiched between the contact plate 41b and the holding plate 41c by elastically deforming the holding plate 41c while pushing the air filter 50 from the intake side of the intake duct 40 against the air filter mounting portion 41.

In the intake duct 40, a pair of beam portions 43 extending in the front-rear direction of the vehicle are provided at intervals in the vertical direction. The front and rear ends of the beam portion 43 are attached to the inner wall surface of the intake duct 40. Two screw holes 43a are formed in the beam portion 43 at intervals in the front-rear direction of the vehicle.

The heat exchanger 45 is composed of, for example, a condenser for an air conditioner and a fuel cooler. The heat exchanger 45 is arranged so that the core surface faces the vehicle in the left-right direction. Two mounting brackets 45a are provided on the front portion of the heat exchanger 45 at intervals in the vertical direction. Similarly, two mounting brackets 45a are provided at the rear portion of the heat exchanger 45 at intervals in the vertical direction. These four mounting brackets 45a are provided corresponding to the four screw holes 43a of the pair of beam portions 43.

Then, the heat exchanger 45 is housed inside the intake duct 40, and by fastening the mounting bracket 45a and the beam portion 43 with the fastening bolt 46, the heat exchanger 45 is detachably attached to the inside of the intake duct 40. Be done. In the present embodiment, the heat exchanger 45 is detachably attached to the intake duct 40, but it may be fixed without being detachable.

An intake port 44 connected to the inside of the intake duct 40 is provided on the upper surface of the intake duct 40. The intake port 44 of the intake duct 40 and the engine 31 are connected by an intake pipe 52 (see FIG. 3).

An air cleaner 55 is connected in the middle of the intake pipe 52. The air cleaner 55 is for removing foreign matter in the air supplied to the engine 31, and is arranged on the upstream side in the air flow direction with respect to the intake duct 40. Then, the air bypassed to the intake port 44 side inside the intake duct 40 is supplied to the engine 31 via the intake pipe 52 and the air cleaner 55.

In this way, the air after passing through the air filter 50 of the intake duct 40 and removing the large foreign matter is sent to the air cleaner 55, so that the amount of foreign matter in the air to be removed by the air cleaner 55 is reduced, and the air cleaner 55 The life can be extended.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, an opening window 34a communicating with the inside of the fan shroud 34 is formed on the rear side wall of the fan shroud 34. The opening window 34a is formed of a rectangular hole extending in the vertical direction. The lower end edge of the opening window 34a opens to a position closer to the bottom surface of the fan shroud 34.

By opening the opening window 34a to a position closer to the bottom surface of the fan shroud 34 in this way, foreign matter accumulated inside the fan shroud 34 can be smoothly swept out without being caught in the lower edge of the opening window 34a. can.

The opening window 34a is closed by an opening / closing lid 36 attached to the fan shroud 34 so as to be openable / closable. The opening / closing lid 36 is rotatably supported by a hinge member 36a that connects the bottom surface of the fan shroud 34 and the lower end portion of the opening / closing lid 36. A knob bolt 37 is attached to a position near the upper part of the opening / closing lid 36. The fan shroud 34 is formed with a screw hole 34b at a position corresponding to the knob bolt 37 when the opening / closing lid 36 is closed. The operator can manually tighten or loosen the knob bolt 37 to attach or remove the opening / closing lid 36 from the fan shroud 34.

Further, since the maintenance opening 23 formed in the counterweight 22 is formed at a position where the opening window 34a can be visually recognized when viewed from the rear of the vehicle, the maintenance opening 23 of the counterweight 22 is formed from the rear of the vehicle of the upper swing body 20. The opening window 34a of the fan shroud 34 can be accessed via.

That is, even if the operator does not get on the upper swing body 20, the cleaning work inside the radiator 35 and the fan shroud 34 can be performed on the ground, which is highly safe and improves workability.

As shown in FIG. 7, the front portion of the intake duct 40 is rotatably supported by a central shaft 47 extending in the vertical direction. The intake duct 40 is a sealing member by rotating the central shaft 47 around the central shaft 47 so that the rear portion of the intake duct 40 is separated from the radiator 35 and the rear portion of the intake duct 40 is located on the radiator 35 side. It can be opened and closed with the closed position in close contact with 38.

This facilitates maintenance work on the heat exchanger 45 arranged inside the radiator 35 and the intake duct 40.

Specifically, in an environment where fine particle dust floats, such as at an industrial disposal site or a dismantling site, the dust passes through the air filter 50 and the radiator 35 is clogged. Therefore, for example, it is necessary to clean the radiator 35 at least twice a day.

Therefore, in order to remove the foreign matter adhering to the core surface on the upstream side of the radiator 35, first, the rear cover 24 is opened to open the maintenance opening 23. Then, the opening / closing lid 36 of the fan shroud 34 is opened from the rear of the vehicle through the maintenance opening 23, and the opening window 34a is opened. Here, the hinge shaft 25 of the rear cover 24 extends in the vertical direction at a position away from the fan shroud 34, that is, at a position on the front side of the vehicle at the peripheral edge of the maintenance opening 23. Therefore, the rear portion of the rear cover 24 moves away from the fan shroud 34, and the rear cover 24 and the hinge shaft 25 do not interfere with the opening / closing work of the opening / closing lid 36.

Then, the intake duct 40 is rotated to an opening position where the rear portion of the intake duct 40 is separated from the radiator 35. As a result, a gap for cleaning is provided between the radiator 35 and the intake duct 40, and the radiator 35 and the heat exchanger 45 inside the intake duct 40 are separated from each other.

After that, the operator inserts an air gun (not shown) through the opening window 34a of the fan shroud 34 and blows air from the core surface on the downstream side of the radiator 35 to remove foreign matter adhering to the core surface on the upstream side of the radiator 35. Try to blow it away. At this time, since the radiator 35 and the heat exchanger 45 are separated from each other, it is possible to prevent foreign matter blown off from the radiator 35 by the air gun from adhering to the heat exchanger 45 inside the intake duct 40.

Further, foreign matter accumulated inside the fan shroud 34 can also be swept out from the opening window 34a to be removed.

Similarly, for the heat exchanger 45 inside the intake duct 40, an air gun is inserted through a cleaning gap provided between the radiator 35 and the intake duct 40, and the core surface on the downstream side of the heat exchanger 45 is inserted. By blowing air from the heat exchanger 45, foreign matter adhering to the core surface on the upstream side of the heat exchanger 45 can be blown off and removed.

Further, since these cleaning operations can be performed from the rear part of the vehicle of the upper swivel body 20, the maintenance work can be performed from the ground without the operator getting on the upper swivel body 20 and performing the work. Because it can be done, it is highly safe and workability is improved.

As shown in FIG. 4, the rear portion of the intake duct 40 is fixed in the closed position by the lock member 48. The lock member 48 is composed of, for example, a patchon key that can be engaged across the rear side wall of the radiator 35 and the rear side wall of the intake duct 40. Two lock members 48 are provided at intervals in the vertical direction.

In this way, by fixing the intake duct 40 in the closed position by the lock member 48, the intake duct 40 is prevented from unintentionally opening and closing and rattling, while when performing maintenance work such as the radiator 35, the lock member is used. The lock of 48 can be released, and the intake duct 40 can be rotated to the open position.

<< Embodiment 2 >>
FIG. 8 is a plan view showing the internal configuration of the upper swing body according to the second embodiment. Hereinafter, the same parts as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and only the differences will be described.

As shown in FIG. 8, the radiator 35 is inclined diagonally to the left toward the rear so that the core surface separates from the fan 33 toward the rear of the vehicle. The fan shroud 34 is formed so that the rear side wall is wider than the front side wall. An opening window 34a is formed at a position closer to the radiator 35 on the rear side wall of the fan shroud 34. The opening window 34a is closed by an opening / closing lid 36 so as to be openable / closable.

In this way, by tilting the radiator 35 in the direction in which the core surface moves away from the fan 33 toward the rear of the vehicle, maintenance is performed even when the opening width of the maintenance opening 23 is reduced as compared with the case where the radiator 35 is not tilted. It is possible to access the opening window 34a of the fan shroud 34 from the opening 23.

That is, the central width of the counterweight 22 can be increased by the amount that the opening width of the maintenance opening 23 is reduced, and the weight of the counterweight 22 can be increased to secure the weight balance.

Further, in the radiator 35, only the core surface facing the fan 33 functions as an effective area for substantially exchanging heat, but by inclining the radiator 35, heat exchange can be performed in a range wider than the fan diameter. It is possible to improve the heat exchange efficiency.

Then, as shown in FIG. 9, the rear cover 24 is opened to open the maintenance opening 23, the opening / closing lid 36 is opened, and the intake duct 40 is rotated to an opening position where the rear portion of the intake duct 40 is separated from the radiator 35. Move it. As a result, the inside of the radiator 35 and the fan shroud 34 can be cleaned.

<< Other Embodiments >>
The embodiment may have the following configuration.

In the present embodiment, the opening / closing lid 36 is rotatably supported by a hinge member 36a that connects the bottom surface of the fan shroud 34 and the lower end portion of the opening / closing lid 36, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

For example, the opening / closing lid 36 may be detachable from the fan shroud 34, and the opening / closing lid 36 may be fixed to the fan shroud 34 when the opening window 34a is closed. Further, the knob bolt 37 for attaching the opening / closing lid 36 to the fan shroud 34 is merely an example, and other attachment members may be used.

As described above, the present invention is extremely useful and has high industrial applicability because it has a highly practical effect of facilitating the cleaning work inside the radiator and the fan shroud.

10 Construction machinery 11 Lower traveling body 15 Machine room 20 Upper swivel body 22 Counter weight 23 Maintenance opening 24 Rear cover 25 Hinge shaft 31 Engine 33 Fan 34 Fan shroud 34a Opening window 35 Radiator 36 Opening and closing lid

Claims (4)

The lower traveling body, the upper rotating body mounted on the lower traveling body, the counterweight mounted on the rear part of the vehicle of the upper rotating body, and the engine arranged in the machine room in front of the counterweight. A cooling device for a construction machine provided with a fan for taking air into the machine room to cool the engine.
A radiator arranged in the machine chamber so that the core surface faces the vehicle left-right direction on the upstream side in the air flow direction from the fan.
A fan shroud that covers the periphery of the fan and guides air that has passed through the radiator toward the engine is provided.
On the rear side wall of the fan shroud, an opening window communicating with the inside of the fan shroud is formed.
The opening window can be opened and closed by an opening / closing lid attached to the fan shroud.
A cooling device for a construction machine, characterized in that the counterweight is formed with a maintenance opening communicating with the machine room at a position where the entire opening window can be visually recognized when viewed from the rear of the vehicle. In claim 1,
The opening window is a cooling device for a construction machine, which is open to a position closer to the bottom surface of the fan shroud. In claim 1 or 2,
A hinge shaft extending in the vertical direction at a position away from the fan shroud when viewed from the rear of the vehicle at the peripheral edge of the maintenance opening.
A cooling device for a construction machine, which is rotatably supported around the hinge shaft and includes a rear cover that rotatably closes the maintenance opening. In any one of claims 1 to 3,
The radiator is a cooling device for a construction machine, characterized in that the core surface is inclined in a direction away from the fan toward the rear of the vehicle.

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