JP6907885B2 - Arrangement structure of buildings - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an arrangement structure of a group of buildings in which a group of building sites is divided into a plurality of sections and houses and other buildings are arranged adjacent to each other in each section.

In the development of residential land, where a group of building sites facing the road on only one side is divided into multiple sections and a detached house is built in each section, a dead-end driveway (position-designated road) is used as the building site from the front road. A mini-developed division pattern (for example, Patent Document 1) that draws into the inner part of the road and allocates a plurality of divisions to face the driveway substantially parallel to the front road, and a narrow division between the front road and the back side. A so-called flagpole-shaped section pattern, which connects in an L-shape in a plan view on the site, is often adopted.

In addition, if the building site is not divided, multiple dwelling units are connected horizontally through the door boundary wall, and the entrances and exits of each dwelling unit are lined up facing the road. (For example, Patent Documents 2 and 3). In such a Nagaya-style house, each dwelling unit has a long depth with respect to the frontage, so in order to supplement lighting and ventilation, a courtyard or light garden may be provided in the middle of each dwelling unit in the depth direction, or each dwelling unit may have a courtyard or light garden. In many cases, a backyard is set up in the innermost part.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-63582 JP-A-2017-8515 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-162499

In the section pattern in which a dead end-shaped private road is provided as disclosed in Patent Document 1, the area that can be used as a site for residential construction is impaired by the amount of the private road. In addition, the application procedure for receiving road designation from the administrative agency becomes troublesome.

In the flagpole-shaped section pattern, the length of the road on the back side (flagpole) is shorter than that on the road side, so the back side is surrounded by adjacent buildings and the real estate is evaluated. There is a large disparity with the roadside section.

In a Nagaya-style house that does not divide the building site, the structure, scale, floor plan, etc. of each dwelling unit are standardized, making it difficult to reflect the diverse lifestyles of each resident. In addition, if there is not enough space, even if a courtyard or backyard is provided in each dwelling unit, each garden will only be a cramped space, and it will be difficult to obtain sufficient lighting and ventilation. Such a space facing the garden tends to be used as an installation space for water heaters, air conditioner outdoor units, etc., or as a storage space for disused items. It will be difficult to say.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and the real estate valuation of each section becomes substantially equal, it is possible to flexibly respond to the various lifestyles of each resident, and the lighting and ventilation are sufficient. It provides an arrangement structure of houses and other buildings with open spaces with high utility value.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, in the arrangement structure of the buildings of the present invention, a group of building sites having at least one side touching the road intersects the road rather than the length of the road by the adjacent land boundary line intersecting the road. In the arrangement structure of a group of buildings, which is divided into a plurality of sections having a longer depth, and in each of the sections, buildings are arranged so that at least a part of the side wall surfaces of each other is opposed to each other with the adjacent land boundary line in between. The building in each section is a branch-type building consisting of a front building arranged on the road side and a rear building arranged on the back side, and a courtyard is provided between the front building and the rear building. The courtyards of the adjacent compartments are arranged so as to be offset in the depth direction while sharing a part of the side side along the borderline of the adjacent land that divides the two compartments, and can come and go to each other through the shared portion. Adopt the basic configuration of.

According to this configuration, the multiple sections divided by the adjacent land boundary line are all divided into sections of similar shape that are longer than the tangential length, so that the real estate valuation of each section is adjusted to the tangent length of each section. Equalized accordingly. Then, a separate building consisting of a front building and a rear building is arranged in each section with a courtyard in between, and the courtyards of the adjacent sections share a part of the side side with each other in each section. By communicating in the crossing direction, an open open space that can be spatially shared from the buildings in each section is formed near the center of the building site. Rich lighting and ventilation can be obtained from this open space in the front and rear buildings of each section.

In addition, by shifting the courtyards of the adjacent sections in the depth direction, the depths of the front building, the rear building, and the courtyard of each section are changed. This makes it easy to make the indoor space and courtyard of each section into a unique and varied space that suits the diverse lifestyles of each resident. In addition, since the line of sight between the buildings facing the courtyard also shifts, the psychological stress that tends to occur due to the crossing of the line of sight with the neighbor is alleviated, and it becomes easier to ensure mutual privacy. Furthermore, by allowing the courtyards of each adjacent section to come and go with each other, communication with neighbors is promoted, and the possibility that neighbors can utilize each other's courtyards in a complex manner is expanded.

In the above-mentioned arrangement structure of the building group, the present invention is a one-story or more building in which the front building and the rear building have two or more floors or at least a partially walkable rooftop floor. It is also possible to adopt an additional configuration in which the upper floors of the rear building or the rooftop floors are connected to each other so as to be accessible via a passageway erected above the courtyard.

Further, it is also possible to adopt an additional configuration in which a backyard is provided on the back side of the rear ridge.

Further, it is also possible to adopt an additional configuration in which the front yard is provided in contact with the road on the front side of the front building.

According to the layout structure of the building group of the present invention configured as described above, the real estate valuation of each section is equalized according to the length of the approach road of each section. In addition, a separate building consisting of a front building and a rear building is arranged in each section with the courtyard in between, and the courtyards of the adjacent sections share a part of the side side with each other and are displaced in the depth direction. By arranging them, a living space with a bright and open open space that can flexibly respond to each resident's diverse lifestyle will be created.

Furthermore, by allowing the courtyards of each adjacent section to come and go with each other, communication with neighbors is promoted, and the possibility that neighbors can utilize each other's courtyards in a complex manner is expanded.

It is a layout plan and the first floor plan view of the building group which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a 2nd floor plan view of the said building group. It is a south side (road side) elevation view of the said building group. It is XX sectional view of the building B in the said building group.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a group of buildings according to an embodiment of the present invention. This group of buildings is composed of a plurality of sets of buildings 2 (2A to 2D) constructed on a group of substantially flat building sites 1. Here, "a group of building sites" is land for building buildings, such as driveways, sidewalks, green roads (including private roads that an unspecified number of pedestrians can pass through), parking lots, and waterways. It means land that is not divided by large steps or cliffs and is continuous in a plane, and is a concept different from the "group of land" used in the definition of "site" under the Building Standards Act. Further, the "substantially flat building site" means that the land is flat to the extent that it is not generally treated as a "slope", and in the present invention, the height difference with respect to the horizontal distance is 5% or less, or As a guide, the inclination angle should be about 3 degrees or less.

The example building site 1 is assumed to be a residential land of ^{about 600 m 2} located in a type 1 low-rise residential area or a type 1 altitude area in an urban area or a suburb of a city. The building coverage ratio set by the city plan is 60%, the floor area ratio is 100%, and the height limit is 10 m. It has a substantially rectangular plane shape of about 30 m in the north-south direction and about 20 m in the east-west direction, the height difference in the building site 1 is several tens of centimeters or less, the south side 11 touches the road R, and the other three sides (west). Side 12, north side 13, east side 14) are in contact with the adjacent building site. A block wall extends along the boundary with the adjacent building site.

The illustrated building site 1 is divided into four residential land condominiums A, B, C, and D having a depth in the direction intersecting the road R by three adjacent land boundary lines 31, 32, and 33 intersecting the road R. ing. The three adjacent land boundary lines 31 to 33 divide the south side of the building site 1 into four equal parts and extend linearly in parallel with the west side 12 or the east side 14 of the building site 1, and are divided by these. Each of the four sections A to D has a length of about 5 m, a depth of about 30 m, and an area of about 150 m ² and is a long rectangle in the north-south direction.

In each section A to D, a branch-type building 2 (2A to 2D) consisting of a front building 21 (21A to 21D) facing the road R and a rear building 22 (22A to 22D) on the back side is provided. A set is arranged with a courtyard 4 (4A to 4D) in between. Those buildings 2 are constructed by a common construction method. The illustrated building 2 has a skeleton in which mountain-shaped wooden rigid frame frames having unified beam-to-beam dimensions are connected at equal intervals in the depth direction with the beam-to-beams facing the width (frontage) direction of each section A to D. It is a one-story building. The roof is a symmetrical gable roof with rafters arranged in the depth direction of each section A to D, and as shown in FIG. 3, the height of the rafters and eaves, the roof slope, the specifications and texture of the outer wall, etc. are aligned. , The design of the façade facing the road R is unified.

However, the depth of each building 2 is uneven. The depths of the front building 21 and the rear building 22 are set for each of the sections A to D according to the lifestyle and needs of the residents of each section A to D. In addition, the height of the floor on the second floor is slightly different for each of the buildings 21 and 22.

In the exemplary embodiment, the depth of the front building 21A and the depth of the rear building 22A in the building 2A arranged in the section A is about 6 m. The building 2B arranged in the section B has a depth of about 12 m in the front building 21B and a depth of about 6 m in the rear building 22B, and the front-back size relationship is opposite to that of the building 2A in the section A. The building 2C arranged in the section C conforms to the building 2A in the section A, and the building 2D arranged in the section D conforms to the building 2B in the section B.

The buildings 21 and 22 of each of the sections A to D have at least a part of their side wall surfaces facing each other with the adjacent land boundary lines 31 to 33 in between. The distance between the side wall surfaces in the exemplary embodiment is about 1 m, and basically no large opening is provided in the portion where the side wall surfaces face each other. The approach from the road R is provided in the front building 21, and the residents come and go from the front building 21 to the rear building 22 through the courtyard 4. Further, the second floors of the front building 21 and the rear building 22 are connected to each other via a passageway 23 (23A to 23D) erected above the courtyard 4, so that they can come and go from each other even from the second floor.

The most important part in the present invention is the configuration of the courtyard 4 provided between the front building 21 and the rear building 22. The courtyard 4 is provided over the full width (frontage) of each section A to D, and both sides thereof divide the sections A to D into adjacent land boundaries 31 to 33, or the boundary line of the building site 1 (west side 12, It is in contact with the eastern side 14). Since the depths of the front building 21 and the rear building 22 arranged in the sections A to D are not uniform, the position of the courtyard 4 sandwiched between them is also shifted in the depth direction between the sections A to D. .. Further, the depth of the courtyard 4 itself is also different in each of the sections A to D.

However, the courtyards 4 of the compartments A to D adjacent to each other are arranged so as to share at least a part of the side sides along the adjacent land boundary lines 31 to 33 between them. The shared areas are not blocked by fences, fences, etc., and communicate with each other so that they can come and go. Therefore, those who live in the four sets of buildings 2 in the building site 1 and those who use these buildings 2 can also enter the courtyards 4 of the adjacent sections A to D without any particular restrictions or under certain restrictions. You can go in and out.

In this way, the courtyards 4 of the sections A to D communicate with each other in the transverse direction of the sections A to D, so that an open open space is formed near the center of the building site 1. This open space can be spatially shared from the front building 21 and the rear building 22 of each section A to D, and this open space is inside the front building 21 and the rear building 22 of each section A to D. You can get abundant lighting and ventilation from. Moreover, since the arrangement of the buildings 2 in the sections A to D facing the open space is not uniform in the crossing direction of the sections A to D, a non-uniform unevenness and rhythm are created in the open space. The wind that blows through the open space creates strength and weakness in each place, and the changing sunlight and shadows create a variety of expressions, creating an atmosphere rich in taste and seasonality. Further, by not providing a fence, a fence, or the like on the side side of the courtyard 4 of each of the sections A to D, a narrow space (remaining land) along the adjacent land boundary lines 31 to 33 can be taken into the open space.

The buildings 2 and the courtyard 4 of each of the sections A to D are utilized in various forms according to the lifestyle and needs of the residents of each of the sections A to D. For example, in the building 2A of the section A in the illustrated form, the first floor of the front building 21A is used as an atelier that also serves as a garage, and the second floor of the front building 21A and the first and second floors of the rear building 22A are private living spaces. It is used as. A wooden deck is installed in the courtyard 4A, and simple outdoor furniture such as benches are placed. The means of transportation (stairs) between the 1st and 2nd floors is provided in the rear building 22A.

In the building 2B of the section B, the first floor of the front building 21B is used as a garage, the second floor of the front building 21B is used as a simple accommodation facility, and the first and second floors of the rear building 22B are private living spaces. It will be used. Cobblestone-shaped pavement is laid in the courtyard 4B. Transportation between the 1st and 2nd floors is provided in both the front building 21B and the rear building 22B.

In the building 2C of section C, the first floor of the front building 21C is used as a garage, the second floor of the front building 21C is used as an office and lesson classroom, and the first and second floors of the rear building 22C are private living spaces. It will be used. A mini pool is installed in the courtyard 4C. The means of transportation between the 1st and 2nd floors are provided in the courtyard 4C and the rear building 22C.

In the building 2D of section D, the first floor of the front building 21D is used as a garage and cafe / restaurant, the second floor of the front building 21D is used as a private living space, and the first and second floors of the rear building 22D are for rent. Used as a house. A lawn is planted in the courtyard 4D. The means of transportation between the 1st and 2nd floors is provided in the courtyard 4D.

In this way, the building 2 of each section A to D is a separate building consisting of the front building 21 and the rear building 22, and the courtyard 4 is arranged between the front building 21 and the rear building 22 to form the front building 21. By changing the depth of the rear building 22 and the courtyard 4, not only can oneself live in each building 2, but also a part of the building 2 can be used for sales activities such as stores and offices, or a third party. The possibility of renting to the property or sharing it with multiple people will increase. The form and utilization method of the courtyard 4 are diversified according to the mode, and when the exchange of the parties concerned is promoted over the practical operation rules, a unique community is formed in the building site 1. ..

Various forms are also adopted in the courtyard 4 depending on what kind of utilization and interaction are required. If at least most of the upper area is open, the type and method of planting (lawn, flowerbed, vegetable garden, etc.), ground pavement form (soil, gravel, stone, brick, wood, concrete, etc.), installation Equipment (water supply / drainage, lighting, pet support, ponds, movable roofs, etc.), outdoor furniture (bench, table, playset, etc.) can be flexibly selected and combined. As a basic object of the present invention, it is assumed that the courtyard 4 is an outdoor part that is not included in the floor area under the Building Standards Act. By installing rain shelter roofs, eaves, outdoor stairs, etc., some of them may be included in the building area.

Depending on how the courtyard 4 is used, appropriate means (for example, a small fence door) for restricting traffic at a height where the courtyards 4 of the adjacent compartments A to D share a side surface at a height that does not block the line of sight. Etc.) may be installed and an operation method such as locking / unlocking may be adopted according to the time of day.

Further, in the illustrated form, a garden is provided in each of the compartments A to D in addition to the courtyard 4 described above. That is, a backyard 5 (5A to 5D) is provided between the backyard 5 (5A to 5D) of the rear building 22 of each of the sections A to D and the north side 13 of the building site 1. These backyards 5 are basically shielded from adjacent sections by fences and fences, and are used as private gardens for residents, for example, for playgrounds for small children and pets, clothes drying, gymnastics, exercise, and the like.

On the other hand, on the front side of the front building 21 of each of the sections A to D, a front yard 6 (6A to 6D) is provided in contact with the road R. Some of these front yard 6s are also used as a garage approach, but basically they are managed as public gardens open to the neighborhood so that anyone can easily enter during the day, for example, visiting. It is used for people's bicycle storage, flea markets, mini event venues in the town, etc.

Similar to the courtyard 4, the backyard 5 and the front yard 6 can be appropriately selected and combined in terms of planting, pavement form, equipment, and the like according to the usage mode.

In this way, three types of gardens with different characteristics, a front yard 6 as a public space, a courtyard 4 as a community space, and a back yard 5 as a private space, are provided by changing their positions in the depth direction in each section A to D. As a result, a private living space and a public / semi-public exchange space can coexist in a well-balanced manner in a site with a narrow frontage.

The technical scope of the present invention should not be construed in a limited manner by the illustrated embodiments, but should be conceptually interpreted based on the description of the claims. In carrying out the present invention, the size and shape of the entire building site, the arrangement of adjacent land boundaries and the division form of divisions, the number and arrangement of buildings, the shape and number of floors of individual buildings, as long as the gist of the present invention is not deviated. , The structure, the arrangement of plants, etc. may be modified as appropriate.

For example, the road in the present invention may be a public road or a private road. Further, the present invention does not exclude the form in which two or more sides of the building site are in contact with the road, but in that case, for example, the road having the widest width is regarded as the main road, and the front building of each section is on the road. It shall be in line with the gist of the present invention in the form of arranging the buildings so as to face each other and providing only the minimum necessary communication openings for other subordinate roads.

The building site shall be divided into two or more sections by at least one adjacent land boundary, but divided into three or more sections by two or more adjacent land boundaries, more preferably three or more adjacent land boundaries. By dividing into four or more sections by lines, the effect of sharing the courtyard with each other can be significantly enhanced.

The length of each section may be slightly uneven, and the depth may be slightly different depending on the shape of the site. As long as the adjacent land boundary line is generally straight, for example, a part on the back side may be slightly bent, or the adjacent land boundary lines may not be parallel to each other and may be arranged radially, for example. In any case, the building and the courtyard can be arranged so as to be in line with the gist of the present invention, as long as the plurality of divided sections have substantially similar elongated shapes.

The building may be at least partly three stories or more, or at least partly a one-story or more building with a walkable rooftop, as long as it does not interfere with the lighting and ventilation of the courtyard. There may be. The position of the crossing corridor connecting the front building and the rear building may be appropriately set according to the form of those buildings.

The present invention is particularly effective as a design method for residential land development in which a group of building sites is divided into a plurality of sections, and buildings such as houses having similar construction methods and forms are simultaneously constructed and sold in each section. Can be used for.

1 Building site 11 South side (road boundary)
12 West side 13 North side 14 East side 2 (2A, 2B, 2C, 2D) Building 21 (21A, 21B, 21C, 21D) Front building 22 (22A, 22B, 22C, 22D) Rear building 23 (23A, 23B, 23C) , 23D) Crossing corridors 31, 32, 33 Adjacent land boundary line 4 (4A, 4B, 4C, 4D) Courtyard 5 (5A, 5B, 5C, 5D) Backyard 6 (6A, 6B, 6C, 6D) Front yard A, B, C , D section R public road (road)

Claims (4)

A group of building sites that touch the road on at least one side is divided into a plurality of sections that intersect the road at a depth longer than the length of the road by the adjacent land boundary line that intersects the road.
In the arrangement structure of the building group in which the buildings are arranged in each of the sections so that at least a part of the side wall surfaces of the adjacent land is opposed to each other across the boundary line of the adjacent land.
The building in each section is a separate building consisting of a front building arranged on the road side and a rear building arranged on the back side.
A courtyard is provided between the front building and the rear building.
The courtyards of the adjacent compartments are arranged so as to be offset in the depth direction while sharing a part of the side side along the borderline of the adjacent land that divides the two compartments.
The layout structure of the buildings, which is characterized by being able to come and go to each other through the common place. In the layout structure of the building group according to claim 1,
The front building and the rear building are two or more floors or a one-story or more building having a walkable rooftop floor at least in part.
An arrangement structure of a group of buildings, characterized in that the upper floors of the front building and the rear building or the rooftop floors are connected to each other so as to be accessible via a passageway erected above the courtyard. In the arrangement structure of the building group according to claim 1 or 2.
The layout structure of the buildings is characterized by the backyard provided on the back side of the rear building. In the arrangement structure of the building group according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
An arrangement structure of a group of buildings, characterized in that a front yard is provided in contact with the road on the front side of the front building.

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