JP6914997B2

JP6914997B2 - Manufacturing method of metal molded products, rib structures and metal molded products

Info

Publication number: JP6914997B2
Application number: JP2019127073A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 健二千葉; 知之松田; 一輝上原
Original assignee: Sakura Rubber Co Ltd
Current assignee: Sakura Rubber Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-08
Filing date: 2019-07-08
Publication date: 2021-08-04
Anticipated expiration: 2039-07-08
Also published as: JP2021011615A

Description

本発明は、金属成形品、リブ構造および金属成形品の製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a metal molded product, a rib structure, and a method for manufacturing the metal molded product.

従来用いられてきた鋳造、プレス、切削等の加工方法で得られる金属成形品は、一様な機械的性質および物理的性質を有している。近年普及しつつある３Ｄプリンタを用いた３次元造形においても、得られる金属成形品は一様な機械的性質および物理的性質を有していることが一般的である。 Metal molded products obtained by conventionally used processing methods such as casting, pressing, and cutting have uniform mechanical and physical properties. Even in three-dimensional molding using a 3D printer, which has become widespread in recent years, the obtained metal molded product generally has uniform mechanical and physical properties.

特開２０１７−１６５９９８号公報JP-A-2017-165998

金属成形品において、部分ごとに求められる性質が異なることがある。そこで、本発明は、部分ごとに最適化された機能を発揮し得る金属成形品、リブ構造および金属成形品の製造方法を提供することを目的の一つとする。 In metal molded products, the properties required for each part may differ. Therefore, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a metal molded product, a rib structure, and a method for manufacturing the metal molded product, which can exhibit the functions optimized for each part.

本発明の一態様における金属成形品は、一体的に形成されかつ同じ化学組成を有する複数の部分を含み、前記複数の部分において機械的性質および物理的性質の少なくとも１つが異なる。前記複数の部分の表面の色合いが互いに異なってもよい。 The metal molded article according to one aspect of the present invention contains a plurality of portions integrally formed and having the same chemical composition, and the plurality of portions differ in at least one of mechanical and physical properties. The color tones of the surfaces of the plurality of portions may be different from each other.

前記複数の部分は、第１部分と、第２部分と、前記第１部分と前記第２部分の間に位置する第３部分とを含んでもよい。この場合において、前記第１部分および前記第２部分の硬さが前記第３部分の硬さよりも大きくてもよい。 The plurality of portions may include a first portion, a second portion, and a third portion located between the first portion and the second portion. In this case, the hardness of the first portion and the second portion may be larger than the hardness of the third portion.

前記第１部分、前記第３部分および前記第２部分が第１方向に順に並び、前記第３部分の厚さが前記第１方向と交差する第２方向において漸次減少してもよい。 The first portion, the third portion, and the second portion may be arranged in this order in the first direction, and the thickness of the third portion may gradually decrease in the second direction intersecting with the first direction.

前記複数の部分は、前記第１部分と前記第３部分の間に位置する第４部分と、前記第２部分と前記第３部分の間に位置する第５部分と、をさらに含んでもよい。この場合において、前記第４部分の硬さが前記第１部分の硬さよりも小さいとともに前記第３部分の硬さよりも大きく、前記第５部分の硬さが前記第２部分の硬さよりも小さいとともに前記第３部分の硬さよりも大きくてもよい。 The plurality of portions may further include a fourth portion located between the first portion and the third portion, and a fifth portion located between the second portion and the third portion. In this case, the hardness of the fourth portion is smaller than the hardness of the first portion and larger than the hardness of the third portion, and the hardness of the fifth portion is smaller than the hardness of the second portion. It may be larger than the hardness of the third portion.

前記複数の部分は、第１部分と、第２部分とを含み、前記第１部分は、前記第２部分を囲う環状であってもよい。この場合において、前記第２部分の硬さが前記第１部分の硬さよりも小さくてもよい。 The plurality of portions include a first portion and a second portion, and the first portion may be an annular shape surrounding the second portion. In this case, the hardness of the second portion may be smaller than the hardness of the first portion.

本発明の一態様におけるリブ構造は、第１取付部を有する第１部材と、第２取付部を有し前記第１部材とともに角部を形成する第２部材と、前記第１取付部および前記第２取付部に連結された金属成形品であるリブと、を備えている。前記リブは、前記第１取付部との連結に用いる第１取付孔を有した第１部分と、前記第２取付部との連結に用いる第２取付孔を有した第２部分と、前記第１部分と前記第２部分の間の第３部分と、を含む。前記第１部分、前記第２部分および前記第３部分は、一体的に形成され、かつ同じ化学組成を有している。さらに、前記第１部分および前記第２部分の硬さは、前記第３部分の硬さよりも大きい。 The rib structure according to one aspect of the present invention includes a first member having a first mounting portion, a second member having a second mounting portion and forming a corner portion together with the first member, the first mounting portion, and the above. It is provided with a rib which is a metal molded product connected to the second mounting portion. The rib has a first portion having a first mounting hole used for connecting to the first mounting portion, a second portion having a second mounting hole used for connecting to the second mounting portion, and the first portion. Includes a third portion between the first portion and the second portion. The first portion, the second portion and the third portion are integrally formed and have the same chemical composition. Further, the hardness of the first portion and the second portion is larger than the hardness of the third portion.

前記第１部分、前記第３部分および前記第２部分が第１方向に順に並んでもよい。この場合において、前記第３部分の厚さが前記第１方向と交差する第２方向において漸次減少してもよい。 The first portion, the third portion, and the second portion may be arranged in order in the first direction. In this case, the thickness of the third portion may gradually decrease in the second direction intersecting with the first direction.

本発明の一態様における製造方法は、作業領域に１層分の金属粉末を供給し、供給された金属粉末の所定領域をレーザ光で走査することにより金属粉末を溶融および結合させる動作を繰り返すことで金属成形品を得るものであって、前記金属成形品の造形に際して全体的に同じ前記金属粉末を用い、かつ前記レーザ光の強度および前記レーザ光の走査速度の少なくとも一方を変えることより、同じ化学組成を有するとともに機械的性質および物理的性質の少なくとも１つが異なる複数の部分を前記金属成形品に形成する。 In the manufacturing method according to one aspect of the present invention, one layer of metal powder is supplied to a working area, and the operation of melting and bonding the metal powder is repeated by scanning a predetermined area of the supplied metal powder with a laser beam. The same by using the same metal powder as a whole in molding the metal molded product and changing at least one of the intensity of the laser beam and the scanning speed of the laser beam. A plurality of portions having a chemical composition but different in at least one of mechanical and physical properties are formed in the metal molded product.

前記金属成形品が長尺な形状を有し、前記複数の部分が前記金属成形品の長手方向に並ぶ第１部分と第２部分を含んでもよい。この場合において、１層分の前記金属粉末への前記レーザ光の照射は、前記金属成形品の長手方向と交差する第１走査方向への走査を、前記長手方向と平行な第２走査方向に繰り返すことで実行されてもよい。さらに、前記第１部分の形成時における前記レーザ光の出力および前記第１走査方向への走査速度と、前記第２部分の形成時における前記レーザ光の出力および前記第１走査方向への走査速度とを互いに異ならせてもよい。 The metal molded product may have an elongated shape, and the plurality of portions may include a first portion and a second portion in which the metal molded product is aligned in the longitudinal direction. In this case, irradiation of the metal powder for one layer with the laser beam causes scanning in the first scanning direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the metal molded product in the second scanning direction parallel to the longitudinal direction. It may be executed by repeating. Further, the output of the laser beam and the scanning speed in the first scanning direction when the first portion is formed, and the output of the laser beam and the scanning speed in the first scanning direction when the second portion is formed. May be different from each other.

本発明によれば、部分ごとに最適化された機能を発揮し得る金属成形品、リブ構造および金属成形品の製造方法を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a metal molded product, a rib structure, and a method for manufacturing a metal molded product that can exhibit functions optimized for each portion.

図１は、第１実施形態に係る金属成形品の概略的な平面図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of the metal molded product according to the first embodiment. 図２は、第１実施形態に係る金属成形品の概略的な断面図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the metal molded product according to the first embodiment. 図３は、第１実施形態に係る金属成形品の用途の一例を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of application of the metal molded product according to the first embodiment. 図４は、３Ｄプリンタにより金属成形品を造形する様子を概略的に示す斜視図である。FIG. 4 is a perspective view schematically showing a state in which a metal molded product is molded by a 3D printer. 図５は、第２実施形態に係る金属成形品の概略的な斜視図である。FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the metal molded product according to the second embodiment.

本発明のいくつかの実施形態につき、図面を参照しながら説明する。
各実施形態にて開示する金属成形品は一例にすぎない。各実施形態にて開示する金属成形品の構成および製造方法は、その他の種々の金属成形品にも適用し得る。また、各実施形態においては、金属成形品との用語を金属材料により形作られた物品との意味で用いる。成形品は、部材、物品、造形物、３次元造形物、製品などと言い換えることもできる。 Some embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The metal molded product disclosed in each embodiment is only an example. The composition and manufacturing method of the metal molded product disclosed in each embodiment can be applied to various other metal molded products. Further, in each embodiment, the term "metal molded article" is used to mean an article formed of a metal material. The molded product can be rephrased as a member, an article, a modeled product, a three-dimensional modeled product, a product, or the like.

［第１実施形態］
図１は、第１実施形態に係る金属成形品１の概略的な平面図である。以下の説明においては、図示したように第１方向Ｘ、第２方向Ｙおよび第３方向Ｚを定義する。これら方向Ｘ，Ｙ，Ｚは、互いに直交する。 [First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of the metal molded product 1 according to the first embodiment. In the following description, the first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z are defined as illustrated. These directions X, Y, Z are orthogonal to each other.

金属成形品１は、長尺かつ扁平な形状を有している。長手方向における金属成形品１の軸ＡＸは、滑らかに曲がっている。ただし、軸ＡＸは直線状であってもよい。 The metal molded product 1 has a long and flat shape. The shaft AX of the metal molded product 1 in the longitudinal direction is smoothly bent. However, the axis AX may be linear.

金属成形品１は、長手方向における第１端部Ｅ１および第２端部Ｅ２と、長手方向と交差する幅方向における第１辺部Ｓ１および第２辺部Ｓ２とを有している。第１端部Ｅ１および第２端部Ｅ２は、円弧状に丸められている。第１辺部Ｓ１および第２辺部Ｓ２は、軸ＡＸと平行に曲がっている。 The metal molded product 1 has a first end portion E1 and a second end portion E2 in the longitudinal direction, and a first side portion S1 and a second side portion S2 in the width direction intersecting the longitudinal direction. The first end portion E1 and the second end portion E2 are rounded in an arc shape. The first side portion S1 and the second side portion S2 are bent in parallel with the axis AX.

さらに、金属成形品１は、第１部分１１と、第２部分１２と、第３部分１３と、第４部分１４と、第５部分１５とを有している。第１部分１１は、第１端部Ｅ１を含む。第２部分１２は、第２端部Ｅ２を含む。第３部分１３は、第１部分１１と第２部分１２の間に位置している。第４部分１４は、第１部分１１と第３部分１３の間に位置している。第５部分１５は、第２部分１２と第３部分１３の間に位置している。第３部分１３は、金属成形品１の第１方向Ｘにおける中心Ｃ（長手方向における中心）と重なっている。 Further, the metal molded article 1 has a first portion 11, a second portion 12, a third portion 13, a fourth portion 14, and a fifth portion 15. The first portion 11 includes a first end portion E1. The second portion 12 includes a second end portion E2. The third portion 13 is located between the first portion 11 and the second portion 12. The fourth portion 14 is located between the first portion 11 and the third portion 13. The fifth portion 15 is located between the second portion 12 and the third portion 13. The third portion 13 overlaps with the center C (center in the longitudinal direction) in the first direction X of the metal molded product 1.

すなわち、第１部分１１、第４部分１４、第３部分１３、第５部分１５および第２部分１２は、この順で第１方向Ｘ（または長手方向）に並んでいる。図１の例においては、隣り合う２つの部分の境界が第２方向Ｙと平行な直線状である。ただし、これら境界は、第２方向Ｙと交差してもよいし、曲線状であってもよい。 That is, the first portion 11, the fourth portion 14, the third portion 13, the fifth portion 15, and the second portion 12 are arranged in this order in the first direction X (or the longitudinal direction). In the example of FIG. 1, the boundary between two adjacent portions is a straight line parallel to the second direction Y. However, these boundaries may intersect the second direction Y or may be curved.

図１の例においては、第１部分１１、第２部分１２、第４部分１４および第５部分１５の第１方向Ｘにおける幅Ｗ１１，Ｗ１２，Ｗ１４，Ｗ１５が同じである。一方、第３部分１３の第１方向Ｘにおける幅Ｗ１３は、幅Ｗ１１，Ｗ１２，Ｗ１４，Ｗ１５よりも大きい。 In the example of FIG. 1, the widths W11, W12, W14, and W15 of the first portion 11, the second portion 12, the fourth portion 14, and the fifth portion 15 in the first direction X are the same. On the other hand, the width W13 of the third portion 13 in the first direction X is larger than the widths W11, W12, W14, and W15.

第１部分１１は、貫通孔１１ａを有している。第２部分１２は、貫通孔１２ａを有している。第３部分１３は、３つの貫通孔１３ａ，１３ｂ，１３ｃを有している。第４部分１４は、２つの貫通孔１４ａ，１４ｂを有している。第５部分１５は、貫通孔１５ａを有している。貫通孔１１ａ，１２ａの中心は、軸ＡＸと重なっている。例えば、貫通孔１１ａ，１２ａは、他の部材との連結に用いられる。貫通孔１３ａ，１３ｂ，１３ｃ，１４ａ，１４ｂ，１５ａは、金属成形品１の軽量化に寄与する。 The first portion 11 has a through hole 11a. The second portion 12 has a through hole 12a. The third portion 13 has three through holes 13a, 13b, 13c. The fourth portion 14 has two through holes 14a and 14b. The fifth portion 15 has a through hole 15a. The centers of the through holes 11a and 12a overlap with the shaft AX. For example, the through holes 11a and 12a are used for connecting with other members. The through holes 13a, 13b, 13c, 14a, 14b, 15a contribute to weight reduction of the metal molded product 1.

図２は、中心Ｃにおける金属成形品１の概略的な断面図である。金属成形品１は、第１辺部Ｓ１において厚さＴ１を有し、第２辺部Ｓ２において厚さＴ２を有している。厚さＴ２は、厚さＴ１よりも小さい。金属成形品１の厚さは、第２方向Ｙにおいて厚さＴ１から厚さＴ２に向けて漸次減少している。なお、中心Ｃ以外の位置の断面においても、第１辺部Ｓ１の厚さより第２辺部Ｓ２の厚さの方が小さい。 FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the metal molded product 1 at the center C. The metal molded product 1 has a thickness T1 on the first side portion S1 and a thickness T2 on the second side portion S2. The thickness T2 is smaller than the thickness T1. The thickness of the metal molded product 1 gradually decreases from the thickness T1 to the thickness T2 in the second direction Y. Even in the cross section at a position other than the center C, the thickness of the second side portion S2 is smaller than the thickness of the first side portion S1.

各部分１１〜１５は、一体的に形成され、かつ同じ化学組成を有している。ここで、各部分１１〜１５が「一体的に形成」されているとは、各部分１１〜１５が溶接、接着、または他の部材を介した接続等の方法により互いに連結されているのではなく、１つの継ぎ目のない物として形成されていることを意味する。また、各部分１１〜１５が「同じ化学組成を有する」とは、各部分１１〜１５を構成する元素の種類および比率が完全に同じである場合だけでなく、当該比率が誤差程度に異なる場合も含む。例えば、後述する３Ｄプリンタを用いた造形において同じ金属粉末を用いて各部分１１〜１５を形成した場合、各部分１１〜１５の結晶組織や析出の状態が異なったとしても、各部分１１〜１５は同じ化学組成を有するとみなすことができる。 Each portion 11-15 is integrally formed and has the same chemical composition. Here, the fact that the parts 11 to 15 are "integrally formed" means that the parts 11 to 15 are connected to each other by a method such as welding, bonding, or connection via other members. It means that it is formed as one seamless object. Further, "having the same chemical composition" in each portion 11 to 15 means not only when the types and ratios of the elements constituting each portion 11 to 15 are completely the same, but also when the ratios differ by an error degree. Also includes. For example, when each portion 11 to 15 is formed using the same metal powder in modeling using a 3D printer described later, even if the crystal structure and precipitation state of each portion 11 to 15 are different, each portion 11 to 15 Can be considered to have the same chemical composition.

各部分１１〜１５の少なくとも２つにおいて、機械的性質および物理的性質の少なくとも１つが異なる。機械的性質としては、例えば硬さ、強度（引張り強さ、圧縮強さ、せん断強さ）、靱性、疲労特性、クリープ特性、耐摩耗性などが挙げられる。また、物理的性質としては、例えば密度、熱伝導率、線膨張率、電気抵抗率、結晶構造、光学的特性などが挙げられる。 At least two of each portion 11-15 differ in at least one of mechanical and physical properties. Mechanical properties include, for example, hardness, strength (tensile strength, compressive strength, shear strength), toughness, fatigue properties, creep properties, wear resistance and the like. In addition, examples of physical properties include density, thermal conductivity, linear expansion coefficient, electrical resistivity, crystal structure, optical properties, and the like.

本実施形態においては一例として、第１部分１１および第２部分１２の硬さが第３部分１３の硬さより大きく、第４部分１４の硬さが第１部分１１の硬さより小さいとともに第３部分１３の硬さより大きく、第５部分１５の硬さが第２部分１２の硬さより小さいとともに第３部分１３の硬さより大きい場合を想定する。第１部分１１と第２部分１２の硬さは、同じであってもよい。また、第４部分１４と第５部分１５の硬さは、同じであってもよい。 In the present embodiment, as an example, the hardness of the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 is larger than the hardness of the third portion 13, the hardness of the fourth portion 14 is smaller than the hardness of the first portion 11, and the third portion. It is assumed that the hardness of the fifth portion 15 is larger than the hardness of the third portion 13 and the hardness of the fifth portion 15 is smaller than the hardness of the second portion 12 and larger than the hardness of the third portion 13. The hardness of the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 may be the same. Further, the hardness of the fourth portion 14 and the fifth portion 15 may be the same.

さらに、本実施形態においては、一様な光を各部分１１〜１５に照射して金属成形品１を観察したときに、第１部分１１および第２部分１２よりも第４部分１４および第５部分１５の方が暗い色合いを有し、第４部分１４および第５部分１５よりも第３部分１３の方が暗い色合いを有する場合を想定する。第１部分１１と第２部分１２の色合いは、同じであってもよい。また、第４部分１４と第５部分１５の色合いは、同じであってもよい。なお、ここでの色合いは、各部分１１〜１５を構成する金属材料の表面の光学的特性であって、金属材料の表面に塗布され得る塗料等の色を意味するものではない。 Further, in the present embodiment, when the metal molded product 1 is observed by irradiating each portion 11 to 15 with uniform light, the fourth portion 14 and the fifth portion are more than the first portion 11 and the second portion 12. It is assumed that the portion 15 has a darker shade and the third portion 13 has a darker shade than the fourth portion 14 and the fifth portion 15. The shades of the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 may be the same. Further, the shades of the fourth portion 14 and the fifth portion 15 may be the same. The color tone here is an optical characteristic of the surface of the metal material constituting each portion 11 to 15, and does not mean the color of a paint or the like that can be applied to the surface of the metal material.

このように、金属成形品１の各部分１１〜１５で機械的性質を異ならせることで、用途に応じた特性を各部分１１〜１５に与えることができる。また、各部分１１〜１５の色合いを異ならせることで、各部分１１〜１５の特性や境界を視覚的に把握できる。 In this way, by making each part 11 to 15 of the metal molded product 1 have different mechanical properties, it is possible to give each part 11 to 15 characteristics according to the application. Further, by making the shades of each part 11 to 15 different, the characteristics and boundaries of each part 11 to 15 can be visually grasped.

図３は、金属成形品１の用途の一例を示す図である。この図の例においては、第１部材１１０と第２部材１２０により形成される角部に設けられるリブ構造１００を示している。金属成形品１は、各部材１１０，１２０の連結を補強するためのリブとして用いられる。 FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of application of the metal molded product 1. In the example of this figure, the rib structure 100 provided at the corner portion formed by the first member 110 and the second member 120 is shown. The metal molded product 1 is used as a rib for reinforcing the connection of the members 110 and 120.

第１部材１１０は、例えば平板状であり、第１取付部１１１を有している。第２部材１２０は、例えば平板状であり、第２取付部１２１を有している。第１部材１１０と第２部材１２０は、所定の角度（例えば９０°）を成すように連結されている。 The first member 110 is, for example, flat and has a first mounting portion 111. The second member 120 is, for example, flat and has a second mounting portion 121. The first member 110 and the second member 120 are connected so as to form a predetermined angle (for example, 90 °).

第１取付部１１１は、ボルトＢ１によって第１部分１１に連結されている。ボルトＢ１の軸部は第１部分１１の貫通孔１１ａ（第１取付孔）を通り、頭部Ｈ１の反対側においてナットにねじ込まれている。 The first mounting portion 111 is connected to the first portion 11 by a bolt B1. The shaft portion of the bolt B1 passes through the through hole 11a (first mounting hole) of the first portion 11 and is screwed into the nut on the opposite side of the head H1.

同様に、第２取付部１２１は、ボルトＢ２によって第２部分１２に連結されている。ボルトＢ２の軸部は第２部分１２の貫通孔１２ａ（第２取付孔）を通り、頭部Ｈ２の反対側においてナットにねじ込まれている。 Similarly, the second mounting portion 121 is connected to the second portion 12 by the bolt B2. The shaft portion of the bolt B2 passes through the through hole 12a (second mounting hole) of the second portion 12 and is screwed into the nut on the opposite side of the head H2.

第１部分１１および第２部分１２は、上述の通り他の部分に比べて硬い。そのため、これら部分１１，１２を第１取付部１１１および第２取付部１２１に取り付けた際に、金属成形品１と各部材１１０，１２０とを強固に連結できる。 The first portion 11 and the second portion 12 are harder than the other portions as described above. Therefore, when these portions 11 and 12 are attached to the first attachment portion 111 and the second attachment portion 121, the metal molded product 1 and the respective members 110 and 120 can be firmly connected.

一方、第３部分１３は、第１部分１１および第２部分１２よりも軟らかい。そのため、金属成形品１に加わる応力を第３部分１３にて緩和し、過度な負荷による金属成形品１の破壊やリブ構造１００の振動を抑制できる。 On the other hand, the third portion 13 is softer than the first portion 11 and the second portion 12. Therefore, the stress applied to the metal molded product 1 can be relaxed at the third portion 13, and the destruction of the metal molded product 1 and the vibration of the rib structure 100 due to an excessive load can be suppressed.

さらに、第４部分１４が第１部分１１と第３部分１３の中間の硬さを有し、第５部分１５が第２部分１２と第３部分１３の中間の硬さを有している。このように段階的に硬さを異ならせることで、各部分１１〜１５の境界における応力集中を緩和できる。 Further, the fourth portion 14 has an intermediate hardness between the first portion 11 and the third portion 13, and the fifth portion 15 has an intermediate hardness between the second portion 12 and the third portion 13. By making the hardness different stepwise in this way, the stress concentration at the boundary between each portion 11 to 15 can be relaxed.

金属成形品１は、例えば図３に示すように第１辺部Ｓ１が各部材１１０，１２０により構成される角部を向くように配置される。この場合においては、各取付部１１１，１１２が互いに近づく方向に金属成形品１が撓んだ際に、第１辺部Ｓ１に引張り応力が加わり、第２辺部Ｓ２に圧縮応力が加わることになる。一般的に、金属材料は、圧縮応力よりも引張り応力に対する耐性が低い。図２に示したように第１辺部Ｓ１における金属成形品１の厚さＴ１が大きければ、上記引張り応力による金属成形品１の破壊を抑制できる。 As shown in FIG. 3, for example, the metal molded product 1 is arranged so that the first side portion S1 faces the corner portion composed of the members 110 and 120. In this case, when the metal molded product 1 bends in the direction in which the mounting portions 111 and 112 approach each other, a tensile stress is applied to the first side portion S1 and a compressive stress is applied to the second side portion S2. Become. In general, metallic materials are less resistant to tensile stress than compressive stress. As shown in FIG. 2, if the thickness T1 of the metal molded product 1 on the first side portion S1 is large, the destruction of the metal molded product 1 due to the tensile stress can be suppressed.

続いて、金属成形品１の製造方法について説明する。金属成形品１は、３Ｄプリンタを用いて製造することができる。金属製の造形物を製造する３Ｄプリンタには種々の方式が存在するが、ここでは一例としてレーザを用いたパウダーベッド方式の３Ｄプリンタを想定する。 Subsequently, a method for manufacturing the metal molded product 1 will be described. The metal molded product 1 can be manufactured using a 3D printer. There are various types of 3D printers for manufacturing metal objects, but here, as an example, a powder bed type 3D printer using a laser is assumed.

図４は、３Ｄプリンタ２００により金属成形品１を造形する様子を概略的に示す斜視図である。３Ｄプリンタ２００は、ステージ２１０と、壁部２２０と、コータ２３０と、レーザ２４０とを備えている。 FIG. 4 is a perspective view schematically showing a state in which the metal molded product 1 is molded by the 3D printer 200. The 3D printer 200 includes a stage 210, a wall portion 220, a coater 230, and a laser 240.

ステージ２１０は、昇降機構により駆動されて上下方向に昇降する。壁部２２０は、ステージ２１０の周囲を囲っている。コータ２３０は、供給源から供給される金属粉末Ｍをステージ２１０の上に均等な厚さで敷き詰める。金属粉末Ｍとしては、例えばニッケル基合金を用いることができるが、この例に限られない。 The stage 210 is driven by an elevating mechanism to elevate and elevate in the vertical direction. The wall portion 220 surrounds the stage 210. The coater 230 spreads the metal powder M supplied from the source on the stage 210 with an even thickness. As the metal powder M, for example, a nickel-based alloy can be used, but the metal powder M is not limited to this example.

レーザ２４０は、コータ２３０により敷き詰められた金属粉末Ｍにレーザ光Ｌを照射する。レーザ光Ｌとしては、例えばイッテルビウム（ＹＢ）ファイバレーザを用いることができるが、この例に限られない。 The laser 240 irradiates the metal powder M spread by the coater 230 with the laser beam L. As the laser beam L, for example, a ytterbium (YB) fiber laser can be used, but the laser beam L is not limited to this example.

造形にあたっては、先ず金属成形品１およびそのサポート材ＳＭの３Ｄデータが３Ｄプリンタ２００に入力される。当初はステージ２１０が壁部２２０の上端よりやや下方に位置している。この状態において、コータ２３０により１層分の金属粉末Ｍがステージ２１０の上に供給され、パウダーベッドＰＢが形成される。レーザ２４０は、３Ｄデータに基づいて当該１層分の金属成形品１またはサポート材ＳＭの断面に対応するパウダーベッドＰＢ上の領域にレーザ光Ｌを照射する。レーザ光Ｌが照射された部分においては、金属粉末Ｍが溶融および結合する。 In modeling, first, 3D data of the metal molded product 1 and its support material SM are input to the 3D printer 200. Initially, the stage 210 is located slightly below the upper end of the wall 220. In this state, the coater 230 supplies one layer of metal powder M onto the stage 210 to form a powder bed PB. The laser 240 irradiates the region on the powder bed PB corresponding to the cross section of the metal molded product 1 or the support material SM for the one layer with the laser beam L based on the 3D data. The metal powder M melts and bonds in the portion irradiated with the laser beam L.

１層分の造形が終わると、ステージ２１０が所定距離だけ降下する。さらに、コータ２３０によって次の１層分のパウダーベッドＰＢが形成され、当該１層分の金属成形品１またはサポート材ＳＭの断面に対応するパウダーベッドＰＢ上の領域にレーザ光Ｌが照射される。このような動作を繰り返すことで、金属粉末Ｍの焼結体である金属成形品１およびサポート材ＳＭが形成される。 When the molding for one layer is completed, the stage 210 descends by a predetermined distance. Further, the coater 230 forms the next one layer of powder bed PB, and the region on the powder bed PB corresponding to the cross section of the one layer of metal molded product 1 or the support material SM is irradiated with the laser beam L. .. By repeating such an operation, the metal molded product 1 which is a sintered body of the metal powder M and the support material SM are formed.

各層の造形において、レーザ２４０は、第１走査方向ＳＤ１にレーザ光Ｌを走査する動作を第２走査方向ＳＤ２に向けて繰り返し実行する。例えば、第１走査方向ＳＤ１は上述の第３方向Ｚと一致し、第２走査方向ＳＤ２は上述の第１方向Ｘと一致する。レーザ光Ｌは、第１走査方向ＳＤ１への１回の走査ごとに所定角度だけ回転されてもよい。 In the modeling of each layer, the laser 240 repeatedly executes the operation of scanning the laser beam L in the first scanning direction SD1 toward the second scanning direction SD2. For example, the first scanning direction SD1 coincides with the above-mentioned third direction Z, and the second scanning direction SD2 coincides with the above-mentioned first direction X. The laser beam L may be rotated by a predetermined angle for each scan in the first scanning direction SD1.

第１走査方向ＳＤ１におけるレーザ光Ｌの走査速度や、レーザ光Ｌの出力を変更することにより、機械的性質または物理的性質が異なる複数の部分を金属成形品１に設けることができる。例えば、第１部分１１および第２部分１２のような硬い部分については、他の部分よりもレーザ光Ｌの出力を高めてもよいし、第１走査方向ＳＤ１への走査速度を遅くしてもよい。 By changing the scanning speed of the laser beam L in the first scanning direction SD1 and the output of the laser beam L, a plurality of portions having different mechanical or physical properties can be provided in the metal molded product 1. For example, for hard portions such as the first portion 11 and the second portion 12, the output of the laser beam L may be increased as compared with the other portions, or the scanning speed in the first scanning direction SD1 may be slowed down. good.

全ての層の造形が終わると、金属成形品１がサポート材ＳＭから切り離される。このように、全体的に同じ金属粉末Ｍを用いて金属成形品１を造形すれば、各部分１１〜１５の化学組成が実質的に同じになる。造形の後、金属成形品１に対して熱処理が施されてもよい。 When the molding of all the layers is completed, the metal molded product 1 is separated from the support material SM. In this way, if the metal molded product 1 is molded using the same metal powder M as a whole, the chemical compositions of the respective portions 11 to 15 are substantially the same. After molding, the metal molded product 1 may be heat-treated.

なお、ここでは第２方向Ｙがステージ２１０の移動方向と一致するように金属成形品１が立てられた状態に造形される例を説明した。しかしながら、金属成形品１は、第３方向Ｚがステージ２１０の移動方向と一致するように寝かされた状態に造形されてもよい。 Here, an example has been described in which the metal molded product 1 is formed in a state in which the metal molded product 1 is erected so that the second direction Y coincides with the moving direction of the stage 210. However, the metal molded product 1 may be shaped so that the third direction Z coincides with the moving direction of the stage 210.

［実施例］
ここで、金属成形品１の実施例について説明する。
本実施例においては、以下の化学組成（質量％）を有するニッケル基合金の金属粉末Ｍを用いて図４に示した方法により金属成形品１を造形した。
ニッケル（Ｎｉ）５３．２９％
クロム（Ｃｒ）１７．７１％
ニオブ（Ｎｂ）＋タンタル（Ｔａ）５．２７％
モリブデン（Ｍｏ）２．９６％
チタン（Ｔｉ）０．９６％
アルミニウム（Ａｌ）０．４８％
コバルト（Ｃｏ）０．４４％
マンガン（Ｍｎ）０．０５％
銅（Ｃｕ）０．０２％
炭素（Ｃ）０．０２６％
ケイ素（Ｓｉ）０．０５％
ホウ素（Ｂ）０．００２６％
鉄（Ｆｅ）極少量 [Example]
Here, an embodiment of the metal molded product 1 will be described.
In this example, the metal molded product 1 was molded by the method shown in FIG. 4 using the metal powder M of the nickel-based alloy having the following chemical composition (mass%).
Nickel (Ni) 53.29%
Chromium (Cr) 17.71%
Niobium (Nb) + Tantalum (Ta) 5.27%
Molybdenum (Mo) 2.96%
Titanium (Ti) 0.96%
Aluminum (Al) 0.48%
Cobalt (Co) 0.44%
Manganese (Mn) 0.05%
Copper (Cu) 0.02%
Carbon (C) 0.026%
Silicon (Si) 0.05%
Boron (B) 0.0026%
Very small amount of iron (Fe)

各部分１１〜１５の造形におけるレーザ光Ｌの出力（Ｗ）と第１走査方向ＳＤ１への走査速度（ｍｍ／ｓ）は以下の通りである。
（１）第１部分１１および第２部分１２２８５Ｗ，９６０ｍｍ／ｓ
（２）第３部分１３１００Ｗ，９００ｍｍ／ｓ
（３）第４部分１４および第５部分１５１９０Ｗ，９３０ｍｍ／ｓ
なお、サポート材ＳＭの造形にも上記（２）の条件を用いた。さらに、造形後の金属成形品１に対して７５０℃の熱処理を２４時間にわたり施した。 The output (W) of the laser beam L and the scanning speed (mm / s) in the first scanning direction SD1 in the modeling of each portion 11 to 15 are as follows.
(1) First part 11 and second part 12 285W, 960 mm / s
(2) Third part 13 100W, 900mm / s
(3) 4th part 14 and 5th part 15 190W, 930mm / s
The condition (2) above was also used for modeling the support material SM. Further, the metal molded product 1 after molding was heat-treated at 750 ° C. for 24 hours.

このようにして得られた金属成形品１において、各部分１１〜１５のロックウェル硬さ（ＨＲＣ）を測定した。その結果、第１部分１１および第２部分１２においては１８．４８、第３部分１３においては６．２９、第４部分１４および第５部分１５においては１６．１２という結果が得られた。すなわち、本実施例においては、第１部分１１と第２部分１２、第４部分１４と第５部分１５、第３部分１３の順で硬さが小さくなる金属成形品１を製造することができた。 In the metal molded product 1 thus obtained, the Rockwell hardness (HRC) of each portion 11 to 15 was measured. As a result, 18.48 was obtained in the first part 11 and the second part 12, 6.29 in the third part 13, and 16.12 in the fourth part 14 and the fifth part 15. That is, in this embodiment, it is possible to manufacture the metal molded product 1 in which the hardness decreases in the order of the first portion 11, the second portion 12, the fourth portion 14, the fifth portion 15, and the third portion 13. rice field.

他の観点から言うと、金属成形品１においては、第３部分１３、第４部分１４と第５部分１５、第１部分１１と第２部分１２の順で密度が増している。これにより、金属成形品１を全体的に第１部分１１および第２部分１２と同じ密度で形成する場合に比べ、金属成形品１を軽量化できる。また、第１部分１１と第２部分１２、第３部分１３、第４部分１４と第５部分１５は、それぞれ異なる色合いとなった。これらは、造形時の条件により各部分の金属組織が異なること等に起因する。 From another point of view, in the metal molded product 1, the densities increase in the order of the third portion 13, the fourth portion 14, the fifth portion 15, and the first portion 11 and the second portion 12. As a result, the weight of the metal molded product 1 can be reduced as compared with the case where the metal molded product 1 is formed with the same density as the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 as a whole. Further, the first portion 11, the second portion 12, the third portion 13, the fourth portion 14, and the fifth portion 15 have different shades. These are due to the fact that the metal structure of each part differs depending on the conditions at the time of modeling.

上記のような化学組成の金属材料の機械的強度、特に高温特性は、熱処理において析出するＮｉ_３ＡｌおよびＮｉ_３Ｎｂに依存する。したがって、Ｎｉ_３ＡｌおよびＮｉ_３Ｎｂの析出を熱処理において好適に制御することが重要である。この点に関し、本実施例の熱処理を行った場合には、金属成形品１が良好な高温特性を有することが分かった。 The mechanical strength, especially the high temperature property, of the metal material having the above chemical composition depends on _{Ni 3} Al and Ni _{3 Nb precipitated in the heat treatment.} Therefore, it is important to suitably control the precipitation of _{Ni 3} Al and Ni _{3 Nb in the heat treatment.} In this regard, it was found that the metal molded product 1 had good high temperature characteristics when the heat treatment of this example was performed.

なお、金属粉末Ｍの化学組成は上述のものに限られず、例えば下記の範囲で適宜に定めてもよい。また、金属粉末Ｍは、硫黄（Ｓ）やリン（Ｐ）を含んでもよい。
ニッケル（Ｎｉ）５０．００−５５．００％
クロム（Ｃｒ）１７．００−２１．００％
ニオブ（Ｎｂ）＋タンタル（Ｔａ）４．７５−５．５０％
モリブデン（Ｍｏ）２．８０−３．３０％
チタン（Ｔｉ）０．６５−１．１５％
アルミニウム（Ａｌ）０．２０−０．８０％
コバルト（Ｃｏ）１．００％以下
マンガン（Ｍｎ）０．３５％以下
銅（Ｃｕ）０．３０％以下
炭素（Ｃ）０．０８％以下
ケイ素（Ｓｉ）０．３５％以下
ホウ素（Ｂ）０．００６％以下
鉄（Ｆｅ）極少量 The chemical composition of the metal powder M is not limited to the above, and may be appropriately determined within the following range, for example. Further, the metal powder M may contain sulfur (S) and phosphorus (P).
Nickel (Ni) 50.00-55.00%
Chromium (Cr) 17.00-21.00%
Niobium (Nb) + Tantalum (Ta) 4.75-5.50%
Molybdenum (Mo) 2.80-3.30%
Titanium (Ti) 0.65-1.15%
Aluminum (Al) 0.20-0.80%
Cobalt (Co) 1.00% or less
Manganese (Mn) 0.35% or less
Copper (Cu) 0.30% or less
Carbon (C) 0.08% or less
Silicon (Si) 0.35% or less
Boron (B) 0.006% or less
Very small amount of iron (Fe)

さらに、熱処理の温度は７５０℃に限らず、７３０℃以上かつ８５０℃以下の範囲の他の温度で行ってもよい。また、熱処理の時間も２４時間に限られず、例えば１８時間以上かつ３０時間以下の範囲の他の時間にわたって熱処理を行ってもよい。このような化学組成や熱処理を採用した場合であっても、本実施例と同様の効果を得ることができる。 Further, the heat treatment temperature is not limited to 750 ° C., and may be performed at other temperatures in the range of 730 ° C. or higher and 850 ° C. or lower. Further, the heat treatment time is not limited to 24 hours, and the heat treatment may be performed over other times in the range of, for example, 18 hours or more and 30 hours or less. Even when such a chemical composition or heat treatment is adopted, the same effect as in this example can be obtained.

なお、比較例として、本実施例と同様の化学組成を有する金属粉末Ｍを用いて、本実施例と同様のレーザ光Ｌの出力と第１走査方向ＳＤ１への走査速度の条件の下で金属成形品１を造形し、熱処理の条件のみを変更した。この熱処理においては、７１８℃で８時間にわたり金属成形品１を加熱した後に、６２１℃で８時間にわたり金属成形品１を再度加熱した。 As a comparative example, a metal powder M having the same chemical composition as this example is used, and the metal is used under the same conditions of the output of the laser beam L and the scanning speed in the first scanning direction SD1 as in this example. Molded product 1 was molded, and only the heat treatment conditions were changed. In this heat treatment, the metal molded product 1 was heated at 718 ° C. for 8 hours, and then the metal molded product 1 was heated again at 621 ° C. for 8 hours.

熱処理後の金属成形品１において各部分１１〜１５のロックウェル硬さ（ＨＲＣ）を測定したところ、第１部分１１および第２部分１２においては３５．８６、第３部分１３においては１９．１５、第４部分１４および第５部分１５においては３７．００という結果が得られた。すなわち、この場合においては、第４部分１４および第５部分１５の硬さが第１部分１１および第２部分１２の硬さよりも大きくなった。このことから、金属成形品１において所望の特性を実現するためには、３Ｄプリンタ２００による造形時の条件だけでなく、熱処理の条件も適切に定める必要があることが分かる。 When the Rockwell hardness (HRC) of each portion 11 to 15 was measured in the metal molded product 1 after the heat treatment, 35.86 in the first portion 11 and the second portion 12, and 19.15 in the third portion 13. , The result of 37.00 was obtained in the 4th part 14 and the 5th part 15. That is, in this case, the hardness of the fourth portion 14 and the fifth portion 15 is larger than the hardness of the first portion 11 and the second portion 12. From this, it can be seen that in order to realize the desired characteristics of the metal molded product 1, it is necessary to appropriately determine not only the conditions at the time of modeling by the 3D printer 200 but also the conditions for heat treatment.

以上の製造方法によれば、一体的に形成されかつ同じ化学組成を有する複数の部分を含み、これら複数の部分において機械的性質および物理的性質の少なくとも１つが異なる金属成形品を得ることができる。このような金属成形品において、各部分の機械的特性または物理的特性を適切に定めれば、一体的であるにも関わらず部分ごとに最適化された機能を金属成形品に与えることができる。 According to the above manufacturing method, it is possible to obtain a metal molded product containing a plurality of portions integrally formed and having the same chemical composition, and at least one of the mechanical properties and the physical properties differs in these plurality of portions. .. In such a metal molded product, if the mechanical or physical characteristics of each part are appropriately determined, it is possible to give the metal molded product an optimized function for each part even though it is integrated. ..

このように部分的に最適化された機能を有する金属成形品を得るにあたっては、例えば機械的性質または物理的性質の異なる複数のパーツを連結することも考えられる。しかしながらこの場合には、複数のパーツを用意し、これらを組むための工程が必要となり、金属成形品の製造工程が増えるとともにコストも増大する。さらには、異なるパーツの連結構造を含むことで金属成形品の大型化や強度低下が生じ得る。本実施形態のように各部分が一体的に形成されていれば、このような問題を抑制できる。 In order to obtain a metal molded product having such a partially optimized function, for example, it is conceivable to connect a plurality of parts having different mechanical or physical properties. However, in this case, a process for preparing a plurality of parts and assembling them is required, and the manufacturing process of the metal molded product increases and the cost also increases. Furthermore, by including a connecting structure of different parts, the size and strength of the metal molded product may be increased. If each part is integrally formed as in the present embodiment, such a problem can be suppressed.

上記実施例にて開示したニッケル基合金は、広い温度範囲において優れた機械的特性や耐食性を発揮する。このようなニッケル基合金で製造された金属成形品は、例えば航空機器や宇宙機器への使用に適している。航空機器や宇宙機器に使用される部品には、高温および低温環境化で激しい振動が長時間にわたり作用する。上記ニッケル基合金を使用した金属成形品であれば、このような使用態様においても破壊されくいので、機器の信頼性を高めることができる。特に、本実施形態のように金属成形品が中間に軟らかい部分を有していれば、当該部分で上記振動による応力を吸収できるため、耐久性が一層向上する。
その他にも、本実施形態からは種々の好適な効果を得ることができる。 The nickel-based alloy disclosed in the above examples exhibits excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance in a wide temperature range. Metal molded products made of such nickel-based alloys are suitable for use in, for example, aeronautical equipment and space equipment. Violent vibrations act on parts used in aviation equipment and space equipment for a long time due to high and low temperature environments. A metal molded product using the nickel-based alloy is not easily destroyed even in such a usage mode, so that the reliability of the device can be improved. In particular, if the metal molded product has a soft portion in the middle as in the present embodiment, the stress due to the vibration can be absorbed by the portion, so that the durability is further improved.
In addition, various suitable effects can be obtained from this embodiment.

［第２実施形態］
第２実施形態について説明する。図５は、第２実施形態に係る金属成形品３１０の概略的な斜視図である。金属成形品３１０は、円板状であり、環状の第１部分３１１と、環状の第２部分３１２と、円形の第３部分３１３とを有している。第１部分３１１の内周と外周、第２部分３１２の内周と外周、第３部分３１３の外周は、いずれも同心円である。 [Second Embodiment]
The second embodiment will be described. FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the metal molded product 310 according to the second embodiment. The metal molded product 310 has a disk shape and has an annular first portion 311 and an annular second portion 312 and a circular third portion 313. The inner and outer circumferences of the first portion 311, the inner and outer circumferences of the second portion 312, and the outer circumference of the third portion 313 are all concentric circles.

第１部分３１１は、第２部分３１２を囲っている。第２部分３１２は、第３部分３１３を囲っている。第３部分３１３は、金属成形品３１０の中心と重なっている。 The first portion 311 surrounds the second portion 312. The second portion 312 surrounds the third portion 313. The third portion 313 overlaps with the center of the metal molded product 310.

各部分３１１〜３１３は、一体的に形成され、かつ同じ化学組成を有している。各部分３１１〜３１３においては、機械的性質および物理的性質の少なくとも１つが異なる。本実施形態においては一例として、第２部分３１２の強度（引張り強さ、圧縮強さ、せん断強さ等）が第１部分３１１の強度より低く、第３部分３１３の強度が第２部分３１２の強度より低い場合を想定する。 Each portion 313-1313 is integrally formed and has the same chemical composition. Each portion 313-1313 differs in at least one of mechanical and physical properties. In the present embodiment, as an example, the strength of the second portion 312 (tensile strength, compressive strength, shear strength, etc.) is lower than the strength of the first portion 311 and the strength of the third portion 313 is that of the second portion 312. It is assumed that the strength is lower than that of the strength.

さらに、本実施形態においては、一様な光を各部分３１１〜３１３に照射して金属成形品３１０を観察したときに、第１部分３１１よりも第２部分３１２の方が暗い色合いを有し、第２部分３１２よりも第３部分３１３の方が暗い色合いを有する場合を想定する。 Further, in the present embodiment, when the metal molded product 310 is observed by irradiating each portion 313-1313 with uniform light, the second portion 312 has a darker color than the first portion 311. , It is assumed that the third portion 313 has a darker shade than the second portion 312.

このような金属成形品３１０は、第１実施形態と同様に３Ｄプリンタによる造形と熱処理を含む製造方法にて製造することができる。この場合の金属粉末としては、例えば上述の実施例と同様の化学組成を有するニッケル基合金を用いることができる。 Such a metal molded product 310 can be manufactured by a manufacturing method including molding and heat treatment by a 3D printer as in the first embodiment. As the metal powder in this case, for example, a nickel-based alloy having the same chemical composition as that of the above-mentioned Examples can be used.

各部分３１１〜３１３の強度は、例えばレーザ光の出力と走査速度を変更することで調整できる。例えば、強度が高い第１部分３１１においてはレーザ光の出力を高め、強度が低い第２部分３１２においてはレーザ光の出力を第１部分３１１より低くし、強度がさらに低い第３部分３１３においてはレーザ光の出力を第２部分３１２より低くしてもよい。 The intensity of each portion 313-1313 can be adjusted, for example, by changing the output of the laser beam and the scanning speed. For example, the output of the laser beam is increased in the first portion 311 having a high intensity, the output of the laser beam is made lower than that in the first portion 311 in the second portion 312 having a low intensity, and the output of the laser beam is made lower in the third portion 313 having a lower intensity. The output of the laser beam may be lower than that of the second part 312.

金属成形品３１０は、例えば当該金属成形品３１０の周縁に円筒部材３２０の下端が連結された構造物３００の一部として用いることができる。構造物３００は、円筒部材３２０の上端を塞ぐ他の金属成形品をさらに備えてもよい。構造物３００を構成する各要素は、例えば３Ｄプリンタを用いて一体的に造形されてもよい。 The metal molded product 310 can be used, for example, as a part of the structure 300 in which the lower end of the cylindrical member 320 is connected to the peripheral edge of the metal molded product 310. The structure 300 may further include another metal molded article that closes the upper end of the cylindrical member 320. Each element constituting the structure 300 may be integrally modeled by using, for example, a 3D printer.

構造物３００は、タンクや容器として用いることができる。例えば気体用のタンクとして構造物３００を用いる場合、構造物３００内の圧力が一定値以上に異常上昇したときに、強度が弱い第３部分３１３が他の部分より前に破壊されてもよい。これにより、異常発生時における構造物３００の破損部分を予め決め、対策を講じておくことができる。 The structure 300 can be used as a tank or a container. For example, when the structure 300 is used as a tank for gas, when the pressure in the structure 300 rises abnormally above a certain value, the third portion 313 having weak strength may be destroyed before the other portions. As a result, the damaged portion of the structure 300 at the time of occurrence of an abnormality can be determined in advance and countermeasures can be taken.

以上の第１および第２実施形態は、本発明の範囲を各実施形態にて開示した構成に限定するものではない。その他にも、用途に応じた種々の構造を金属成形品に適用できる。 The above first and second embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention to the configurations disclosed in each embodiment. In addition, various structures depending on the application can be applied to the metal molded product.

例えば、第１実施形態においては各部分１１〜１５において段階的に硬さや色合い等の性質が変化する場合を例示した。しかしながら、造形時のレーザ光の出力や走査速度を調整することにより、性質が連続的に変化する金属成形品を得ることもできる。第２実施形態においても同様である。 For example, in the first embodiment, a case where properties such as hardness and color are gradually changed in each portion 11 to 15 is illustrated. However, by adjusting the output of the laser beam and the scanning speed at the time of molding, it is possible to obtain a metal molded product whose properties continuously change. The same applies to the second embodiment.

１…金属成形品、１１…第１部分、１２…第２部分、１３…第３部分、１４…第４部分、１５…第５部分、１１ａ，１２ａ…貫通孔、Ｅ１…第１端部、Ｅ２…第２端部、Ｓ１…第１辺部、Ｓ２…第２辺部、ＡＸ…軸、Ｃ…中心。 1 ... Metal molded product, 11 ... 1st part, 12 ... 2nd part, 13 ... 3rd part, 14 ... 4th part, 15 ... 5th part, 11a, 12a ... Through hole, E1 ... 1st end part, E2 ... 2nd end, S1 ... 1st side, S2 ... 2nd side, AX ... axis, C ... center.

Claims

A metal molded product used in aviation or space equipment.
The first part with the first mounting hole and
The second part with the second mounting hole and
A third portion between the first portion and the second portion is provided.
Said first portion, said second portion and said third portion, nickel, integrally formed by a nickel-based alloy containing niobium and aluminum, and have a same chemical composition,
The hardness of the first portion and the second portion is larger than the hardness of the third portion.
Metal molded product.

And color of the first portion and the second portion of the surface, and color of the third portion of the surface is different,
The metal molded product according to claim 1.

The first part, the third part and the second part are arranged in order along a smoothly curved axis.
It has a first side and a second side that are bent parallel to the axis.
The metal molded product according to claim 1 or 2.

Thickness before Symbol third portion, toward the first side portion to the second side portion is decreased gradually,
The metal molded product according to claim 3.

A fourth portion located between said third portion and before Symbol first portion,
A fifth part located between the second part and the third part,
Further comprising a,
The hardness of the fourth portion is smaller than the hardness of the first portion and larger than the hardness of the third portion.
The hardness of the fifth portion is smaller than the hardness of the second portion and larger than the hardness of the third portion.
The metal molded product according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

The first part of the ring and
The second part of the ring surrounded by the first part and
A third portion surrounded by the second portion is provided.
The first portion, the second portion and the third portion are integrally formed of a nickel-based alloy containing nickel, niobium and aluminum and have the same chemical composition.
The tensile strength, compressive strength and shear strength of the second portion are lower than the tensile strength, compressive strength and shear strength of the first portion.
The tensile strength, compressive strength and shear strength of the third portion are lower than the tensile strength, compressive strength and shear strength of the second portion.
Metallic moldings.

Rib structure used in aviation or space equipment
The first member having the first mounting portion and
A second member having a second mounting portion and forming a corner portion together with the first member,
A rib which is a metal molded product connected to the first mounting portion and the second mounting portion is provided.
The rib
A first portion having a first mounting hole used for connecting to the first mounting portion, and
A second portion having a second mounting hole used for connecting to the second mounting portion, and
A third part between the first part and the second part,
Including
The first portion, the second portion and the third portion are integrally formed of a nickel-based alloy containing nickel, niobium and aluminum and have the same chemical composition.
The hardness of the first portion and the second portion is larger than the hardness of the third portion.
Rib structure.

The first part, the third part and the second part are arranged in order along a smoothly curved axis.
The metal molded product has a first side portion and a second side portion that are bent in parallel with the axis.
The first side portion faces the corner portion formed by the first member and the second member.
The thickness of the third portion gradually decreases from the first side portion toward the second side portion.
The rib structure according to claim 7.

Used in aviation equipment or space equipment by supplying one layer of metal powder to the work area and repeating the operation of melting and bonding the metal powder by scanning a predetermined area of the supplied metal powder with a laser beam. A manufacturing method for obtaining metal molded products.
A nickel-based alloy containing nickel, niobium and aluminum was used as the metal powder.
When molding the metal molded product, the first portion, the second portion, and the third portion between the first portion and the second portion having the same chemical composition using the same metal powder as a whole are made of the metal. Formed into a molded product,
The metal molded product is heat-treated by heating at a temperature in the range of 730 ° C. or higher and 850 ° C. or lower for a time in the range of 18 hours or more and 30 hours or less.
When forming the first portion, the second portion, and the third portion so that the hardness of the first portion and the second portion after the heat treatment is larger than the hardness of the third portion. Changing at least one of the intensity of the laser beam and the scanning speed of the laser beam,
Production method.

The metal molded product has an elongated shape and has a long shape.
The first portion, the third portion, and the second portion are arranged in order in the longitudinal direction of the metal molded product.
Irradiation of the metal powder for one layer with the laser beam is performed by repeating scanning in the first scanning direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the metal molded product in the second scanning direction parallel to the longitudinal direction. Being done
The output of the laser beam and the scanning speed in the first scanning direction when the first portion and the second portion are formed, and the output of the laser beam and the first scanning direction when the third portion is formed. Make the scanning speeds different from each other,
The manufacturing method according to claim 9.