JP6919141B2 - Visual dynamic range measuring device and method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a device for measuring the visual dynamic range of a subject and a method for measuring the visual dynamic range of a subject.

The visual dynamic range is the range of brightness that can be seen at first glance, and is the ratio of the maximum and minimum values of light that can be identified at one time. It is related to blindness, which is a condition that does not dazzle when exposed to strong light from the outside and causes discomfort and eye pain. Photophobia can occur in healthy individuals if it is intense light, but it may be felt in patients with eye diseases or ex-patients after treatment for eye diseases even if the light is not so strong.
As a system for evaluating glare, a system described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2016-140612 (Patent Document 1 below) is known. In this system, a subject in a dark room subjectively evaluates the degree of glare of an evaluation target light source such as a lighting fixture, and the evaluation result input unit is subjected to any one of a plurality of degrees of glare. Select and enter the degree of glare. A plurality of illumination conditions of the evaluation target light source exist and are sequentially switched, and a predetermined reset time according to the previous illumination condition is secured in a state where the evaluation target light source is turned off during the switching.
Further, as a light-shielding device that appropriately shields the driver of the vehicle from light incident from the outside by a light-shielding means that can switch between a light-shielding state and a non-light-shielding state, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-250651 (Patent Document below). The one described in 2) is known. In this device, near-infrared light is applied to the driver's face to capture a face image, and the pupil diameter is measured from the face image to grasp the reaction to light incident from the outside, and the measured pupil. Based on the size of the diameter, the ratio of the light-shielding period and the non-light-shielding period per cycle, which is switched between the light-shielding state and the non-light-shielding state by the light-shielding means, is changed to a predetermined ratio at which the driver does not feel glare. ..

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-140612 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-250651

In the system of Patent Document 1, when the subject selects and inputs the degree of glare of the evaluation target light source, it is necessary to have a dark room, an evaluation target light source, a lighting condition changing means, and an evaluation result input unit, which is relatively large-scale. There will be a cost. In addition, it is necessary to secure a reset time, and it takes time to evaluate the glare.
In the apparatus of Patent Document 2, where the reaction to light incident from the outside is grasped by measuring the pupil diameter, a set of near-infrared light irradiation means, imaging means, and face image analysis means is required, which is also relatively relatively. It is large and costly. In addition, since the pupil diameter varies from driver to driver and depends on the driver's psychological state, it may be relatively inaccurate to grasp the reaction to light by measuring the pupil diameter. However, it is difficult to compare the difference in the degree of light reaction between different drivers.
Therefore, a main object of the present invention is to provide a device capable of easily measuring a visual dynamic range that leads to evaluation of photophobia, or a method for measuring a visual dynamic range that can be easily executed.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is a display means for displaying various information in a visual dynamic range measuring device, an input means for receiving input by a subject, the display means, and the input means. The display means is an optotype whose brightness changes stepwise from the brightest part to the darkest part in a state of being proportional to the distance from the darkest part. A certain gradation optotype is displayed, and the input means assumes the brightest part, which is the boundary between the portion of the gradation optotype that is assumed to have the same appearance as the brightest part in the subject and the portion that does not. The control means accepts at least one of the input of the boundary and the input of the darkest part assumed boundary which is the boundary between the part expected to look the same as the darkest part and the part not to be seen by the subject. Based on at least one of the position of the brightest part assumed boundary and the position of the darkest part assumed boundary, a visual dynamic range measurement value or a value related to the visual dynamic range measurement value is calculated, and the surroundings are calculated. The visual dynamic range measurement value or the visual dynamic range related value is corrected based on a predetermined correction formula that is a function of the illuminance, and the corrected visual dynamic range measurement value or the visual dynamic is corrected. It is characterized in that it is determined whether or not the range-related value is within a predetermined range.
The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the above invention, the brightest part is white and the darkest part is black.
The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in the above invention, the brightest portion exhibits white color due to an additive color mixture of light of a predetermined color.
The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that, in the above invention, the display means can display by changing the brightness of the background portion of the gradation optotype.
The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that, in the above invention, the control means measures the response time of an input by the subject.
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the above invention, the input means receives at least one of the input of the brightest part assumed boundary and the input of the darkest part assumed boundary a plurality of times, and the control means receives the input of the darkest part assumed boundary a plurality of times. It is characterized in that the average value of at least one of a plurality of positions of the brightest part assumed boundary and a plurality of positions of the darkest part assumed boundary is calculated.
The invention according to claim 7 is a visual dynamic range measuring method, in which the brightness changes stepwise from the brightest part to the darkest part in a state of being proportional to the distance from the darkest part. and gradient target display step of displaying the gradation target is the among the gradation target, which is a boundary portion the otherwise a part to be assumed to be the same look towards the most bright portion in subjects brightest An input reception step that accepts at least one of the input of the assumed boundary of the part and the input of the assumed boundary of the darkest part, which is the boundary between the part expected to look the same as the darkest part and the part not to be seen by the subject. , The visual dynamic range measurement value, or a visual dynamic range related value, which is a value related thereto, is calculated based on at least one of the position of the brightest part assumed boundary and the position of the darkest part assumed boundary. A dynamic range calculation step, a visual dynamic range correction step that measures the ambient illuminance and corrects the visual dynamic range measurement value or the visual dynamic range related value based on a predetermined correction formula that is a function of the illuminance. It is characterized by having a determination step of determining whether or not the corrected visual dynamic range measurement value or the visual dynamic range-related value is within a predetermined range.

A main effect of the present invention is to provide an apparatus capable of easily measuring a visual dynamic range that leads to evaluation of photophobia, or a method for measuring a visual dynamic range that can be easily executed.

It is a block diagram of the visual dynamic range measuring apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the display means of FIG. It is a flowchart which concerns on the operation example of the measuring apparatus of FIG. 1 or the visual dynamic range measuring method.

Hereinafter, examples of embodiments according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings as appropriate. The form of the present invention is not limited to the following.

≪Composition, etc.≫
As shown in FIG. 1, the visual dynamic range measuring device (measuring device) 1 of the present invention controls a display means 2, an input means 4, an illuminance sensor 8, a counter 10, a storage means 11, and the like. The control means 12 is provided.
The measuring device 1 is formed by the control means 12 executing the visual dynamic range measurement program (program) 14 stored in the storage means 11 in the tablet type device (including the tablet and the smartphone) provided with these means. Will be done.
The measuring device 1 may be formed by a device (computer) other than the tablet device, such as a desktop computer, a notebook computer, or a packaged integrated circuit.

As shown in FIG. 2, the display means 2 is a tablet monitor, and can display the gradation optotype 20 which is a band-shaped rectangle including a gradation from white to black on the inside in a horizontally long shape.
In the gradation optotype 20, each vertical line segment has the same lightness, the left side (left end) is white with the highest lightness (brightest part), and the right side (right end) is black with the lowest lightness. (The darkest part). The brightness of each line segment in the gradation optotype 20 changes between the brightest part and the darkest part so as to decrease in proportion to the distance (distance) from the left side (linear change of gradation). For example, the smaller the numerical value is, the lower the brightness is specified stepwise by the numerical value of the pixel brightness in the display means 2 being 0 or more and 65535 or less. It is set to 65535, the pixel array related to the right side of the gradation optotype 20 is set to the pixel brightness specified value 0, and the pixel brightness specified value of the pixel array between them is set to decrease in proportion to the distance from the left side. .. In the gradation optotype 20, the change in brightness related to the adjacent line segments is slight, and it can be considered that the brightness changes continuously according to the position, and a black-and-white gradation appears.
Generally, the left part (1/3 of the total length in the horizontal direction) of the gradation optotype 20 is the bright part based on white, and the right part (1/3 of the total length in the horizontal direction) is based on black. It becomes a dark part, and the middle part based on gray is between them. Assuming that the left half portion is a bright portion and the right half portion is a dark portion, the middle portion may not be considered, or the bright portion, the dark portion, and the intermediate portion may be grasped in other ways.
The white color in the bright part (including the brightest part) of the gradation optotype 20 is composed of an additive color mixture of predetermined colored light. More specifically, each pixel has a red light emitting part, a green light emitting part, and a blue light emitting part that can emit light in a state where the strength is specified for each of the three colors of red, green, and blue. The brightness of the gradation optotype 20 is obtained by additively mixing yellow, which has an intensity distribution peak around 560 nm, which is generated by the additive color mixing, and blue, which has an intensity distribution peak around 440 nm, which is generated by the blue light emitting part. The white color in the part is emitted. Further, the gray of the bright part, the middle part, and the dark part is also composed of the additive color mixture.
The gradation optotype 20 may be displayed vertically, may have a square shape, or may have a ring shape or a band shape along a polygon. Further, the gradation in the gradation optotype 20 may change in a curve, for example, the brightness of the line segment may decrease in proportion to the square of the distance from the brightest part. The brightness of the line segment may decrease in proportion to the 1/2 power of the distance from the brightest part, or the brightness of the line segment may decrease in proportion to the logarithm of the distance from the brightest part. It may be.

Further, the title 22 and the operation guidance message 24 can be displayed above the gradation optotype 20.
Title 22 is "Dynamic Range Test".
The operation guidance message 24 "looks pure white" prompting you to input the boundary between the part that is supposed to look the same as the brightest part (the brightest part assumed part) and the part that is not (the brightest part assumed boundary). Please tap at the last minute. ”Or enter the boundary between the part that is supposed to look the same as the darkest part (the darkest part) and the part that is not (the darkest part). "Tap the place that looks black", and it will be selectively displayed or hidden depending on the situation. In addition, as the operation guidance message 24, a message having other contents may be displayed.

Further, below the gradation optotype 20, the input stage guidance message 26 and the return button 28 can be displayed.
The input stage guidance message 26 indicates which stage is currently in the input stage (a set of the input of the brightest part assumed boundary and the input of the darkest part assumed boundary) up to a predetermined upper limit for the gradation optotype 20. The current number of steps and the upper limit number (10 here, but other numbers including 1 may be used) are included.
The back button 28 has the description "back by one" surrounded by a rectangle.
At least one of the display of the title 22, the operation guidance message 24, the input stage guidance message 26, the back button 28, and the like may be omitted. Further, other information or the like may be displayed.

The portion of the display means 2 other than the above-mentioned display element is the background portion 30.
The background portion 30 can be changed to white, gray, or black by designating the brightness, and can be changed to any brightness.
In addition, in order to correspond to the change in brightness (discoloration) of the background portion 30, the above display element may be white (or the content of the gradation optotype 20) with a black border. Further, the above display elements (excluding the gradation optotype 20) may be discolored to a color different from the color according to the change in brightness (discoloration) of the background portion 30.

The input means 4 is composed of a touch sensor that covers the display means 2 in a state that does not interfere with the display.
The input means 4 detects the input for any line segment of the displayed gradation optotype 20, and controls the information (line segment correspondence information 40) corresponding to the line segment (position) of the line segment 12. Tell to. Input to the line segment is made by contacting the displayed line segment. Examples of the line segment correspondence information 40 include the distance (number of pixels) from the right side of the gradation optotype 20 to the line segment, the coordinate value of the line segment viewed from a predetermined origin, the brightness of the line segment, or a combination thereof. ..
The input means 4 can receive the information 40a corresponding to the brightest part assumed boundary line segment corresponding to the brightest part assumed boundary line in the gradation optotype 20. Further, the input means 4 can receive the information 40b corresponding to the darkest expected boundary line segment corresponding to the darkest assumed boundary in the gradation optotype 20. Either one of the brightest part assumed boundary line segment correspondence information 40a and the darkest part assumed boundary line segment correspondence information 40b may be omitted.
The input means 4 receives an input related to a set of the brightest part assumed boundary line segment correspondence information 40a and the darkest part assumed boundary line segment correspondence information 40b for each of a plurality of inputs up to a predetermined upper limit for the gradation optotype 20. The shape of the gradation optotype 20 and the mode of changing the gradation, which are displayed in a part of a plurality of inputs to the gradation optotype 20, may be different from those of other times. In this case, the order of the times in which the display is performed differently from the other times may be determined in advance or may be randomly determined. There may be three or more types of the shape of the gradation optotype 20 and the mode of changing the gradation. In addition, for the purpose of discriminating the answer due to the inertia of the subject and improving the reliability, the results are summarized for each type of the shape of the gradation target 20 and the mode of the gradation change, and the results are applied to each other by a certain degree or more. If it is separated, the answer of the predetermined shape or change mode may be excluded, or the input may be redone.

Further, the input means 4 detects contact with various buttons displayed on the display means 2 and notifies the control means 12 that there is an input to the buttons. For example, when the input means 4 receives an input in the portion corresponding to the displayed back button 28, the input means 4 informs the control means 12 that the input has been made to the back button 28.
The input in the input means 4 may be based on the contact of the subject's finger, the digitizer pen held by the subject, or the proximity of the finger or the digitizer pen. You may. Further, the input means 4 may be a pointing device such as a mouse or a stick.

The illuminance sensor 8 is composed of a photodiode, and can measure the illuminance around the measuring device 1 (gradation optotype 20).
The illuminance information 42, which is information corresponding to the measured illuminance, is transmitted to the control means 12.
The illuminance information 42 is acquired at the time of receiving the input of the brightest part assumed boundary line segment correspondence information 40a at the first time.
It should be noted that a plurality of illuminance information 42 may be acquired for each time, for each input of the brightest part assumed boundary, or for each input of the darkest part assumed boundary.

The counter 10 can measure the time between two time points, starts counting from the previous time point, and ends counting at a later time point.
The counter 10 may be integrated with the control means 12.
The counter 10 can measure the response time, which is the time from the start of receiving the input to the gradation optotype 20 to the completion of the input at that time.
The response time information 44 corresponding to the measured response time is transmitted to the control means 12.

The storage means 11 is composed of a memory, and in addition to the program 14, the line segment correspondence information 40 of the gradation optotype 20 each time (a pair of brightest part assumed boundary line segment correspondence information 40a, darkest part assumed boundary line segment correspondence). Information 40b), illuminance information 42, response time information 44 for each time, visual dynamic range measurement value information 50 (brightest part assumed part average information 50a, darkest part assumed part average information 50b), correction type information 52, brightest Various types of information such as the assumed part range information 54a and the darkest expected part range information 54b are stored. The various types of information may indicate the state as it is, for example, the visual dynamic range measurement value information 50 is the visual dynamic range measurement value itself. Further, in the storage means 11, although it corresponds to the state as it is, it may be stored in a different format.
The line segment correspondence information 40 is stored in association with the input status (how many times it is, and whether it is the brightest part boundary line segment correspondence information 40a or the darkest part boundary line segment correspondence information 40b). NS.
Further, the response time information 44 is also stored in association with the input status in the same manner.
Further, the visual dynamic range measurement value information 50 corresponding to the visual dynamic range measurement value measured according to the line segment correspondence information 40 is stored. The visual dynamic range measurement value information 50 is the average information of the brightest part assumed part obtained by calculating the average value of the sizes of the brightest part assumed part indicated by the brightest part assumed boundary line segment correspondence information 40a acquired a plurality of times. It is measured based on 50a and the darkest part assumed part average information 50b obtained by calculating the average value of the sizes of the darkest part assumed part indicated by the darkest part assumed boundary line segment correspondence information 40b acquired a plurality of times. ..

Furthermore, the correction formula information 52 corresponding to the correction formula for converting the visual dynamic range measurement value related to the visual dynamic range measurement value information 50 into a conversion value at a predetermined reference illuminance according to the illuminance indicated by the illuminance information 42. Is remembered. Here, the correction formula is the following formula (1), but other formulas may be used.
y = ax + b ... (1)
y: Value after conversion of the ratio of the brightest part assumed part or the darkest part assumed part to the whole a: Correction coefficient (negative number when y is the brightest part assumed part, positive number when y is the darkest part assumed part)
x: Value before conversion of the ratio of the brightest part assumed part or the darkest part assumed part to the whole b: Correction constant In addition, the storage means 11 has the brightest part assumed indicated by the brightest part assumed boundary line segment correspondence information 40a. The brightest part assumed part range information 54a corresponding to the brightest part assumed part range, which is a predetermined range related to the size of the part (the position of the brightest part assumed boundary line segment), and the darkest part assumed boundary line segment correspondence information 40b. The darkest part assumed part range information 54b corresponding to the darkest part assumed part range which is a predetermined range related to the size of the darkest part assumed part (the position of the darkest part assumed boundary line segment) is stored. The brightest part assumed part range information 54a is information about the range of the size of the brightest part assumed part (the position of the brightest part assumed part church) in a healthy person measured in advance, and the darkest part assumed part range information 54b is It is information about the range of the size of the darkest part assumed part in a healthy person measured in advance.
The memory may be a flash memory (including a solid state drive), a hard disk drive, or a combination thereof. Further, the illuminance information 42 is a matter such as how many times the illuminance information 42 corresponds to, and which of the bright part assumed boundary line segment correspondence information 40a and the dark part assumed boundary line segment correspondence information 40b is input. It may be stored in association with. Further, the brightest part assumed part range information 54a may be determined by analysis from the size of the brightest part assumed part in a healthy person, and the same applies to the darkest part assumed part range information 54b.

The control means 12 is composed of a central processing unit (CPU).
The control means 12 calculates various received information and stores it in the storage means 11. The control means 12 can also specify and read (receive) the information stored in the storage means 11.
The control means 12 may be a microprocessor (MPU), a microcomputer (microcomputer), or the like. Further, the control means 12 may be provided in place of the CPU, or together with the CPU, in at least one of various means such as the display means 2 and the input means 4 so as to be cooperatively controllable.

≪Operation or measurement method, etc.≫
Next, an operation example of the measuring device 1 or a visual dynamic range measuring method (measuring method) executed by the measuring device 1 will be described as appropriate with reference to FIG.
The processing step is appropriately abbreviated as S.

The control means 12 first causes the illuminance sensor 8 to transmit the illuminance information 42 by activating the program 14 based on the tap of the icon, and stores the illuminance information 42 in the storage means 11 (S1).
Further, the control means 12 is set to the loop counter i = 1 (initial value) (S2). The loop counter i is a counter for repeating a predetermined process a plurality of times (performing a loop process) in order to acquire a set of the brightest part assumed boundary line segment correspondence information 40a and the darkest part assumed boundary line segment correspondence information 40b a plurality of times. Here, i is incremented by 1 from 1 to 10 in order to repeat 10 times.

Next, the control means 12 causes the display means 2 to display the input reception screen as shown in FIG. 2 related to the i-th time (first time) (S3, gradation optotype display step). The input reception screen includes the gradation optotype 20. The display processing of the gradation optotype 20 may be performed before the loop processing without being included in the loop processing. In this case, the same gradation optotype 20 is used each time. Further, the display processing of the gradation optotype 20 may be performed based on the pattern of one or more types of the gradation optotype 20 stored in advance in the storage means 11, or the pattern of the gradation optotype 20 may be calculated each time. It may be performed by a combination of these, such as modifying a pre-stored pattern by calculation.
On the input reception screen, the control means 12 first displays the operation guidance message 24 "Please tap the place where it looks pure white." To accept the input of the brightest part assumed boundary for the gradation optotype 20. Command (S4, part of the input reception step). The subject inputs the gradation optotype 20 by tapping, and the control means 12 obtains the line segment correspondence information 40 (the brightest part assumed boundary line segment correspondence information 40a) from the input means 4, and assumes that it is related to the first time. It is stored in the storage means 11.
The control means 12 starts measuring the response time using the counter 10 when the display of the input reception screen is started (when the reception of the input of the brightest part assumed boundary is started).
Next, the control means 12 changes the operation guidance message 24 to "tap the place where it looks pitch black", and commands the acceptance of the input of the brightest part assumed boundary for the gradation optotype 20 (S5, Part of the input reception step). The subject inputs in the same manner, and the control means 12 obtains the line segment correspondence information 40 (darkest part assumed boundary line segment correspondence information 40b) from the input means 4 and stores it in the storage means 11 as the first time. .. When the input of S5 related to i = 1 (first time) is made, the measurement of the response time using the counter 10 is finished, and the response time information 44 related to the measured response time is stored in the storage means 11. Let me.
Subsequently, the control means 12 adds 1 to the loop counter i in S6, returns to S2, and repeats S2 to S6 until the processing of i = 10 is completed. The control means 12 causes the input stage guidance message 26 to be rewritten based on the loop counter i in each S6. When the control means 12 grasps the input to the back button 28, the input information this time can be erased or overwritten, i is decremented by 1 (if i = 1, it remains as it is), and the process returns to S2. Continue processing.
Note that S4 and S5 may be executed in the reverse order, and S4 and S5 may be executed by changing the order for each input. Further, either one of S4 and S5 may be omitted. Further, the illuminance information 42 may be acquired once at a predetermined input, or may be acquired a plurality of times such as for each input. The response time may be acquired only once or every other time. Further, the control means 12 may process the input again when the response time is equal to or longer than a predetermined value. In addition, the control means 12 may change the color of the background portion 30 or the peripheral portion of the gradation optotype 20 randomly or according to the illuminance for each time or input, or the gradation optotype 20 may be changed. The mode of the color change may be changed from a linear change to a curvilinear change, or from a curvilinear change to another curvilinear change.

When the control means 12 acquires 10 times of inputs related to the set of the brightest part assumed boundary line portion correspondence information 40a and the darkest part assumed boundary line portion correspondence information 40b, the control means 12 of the brightest part assumed portion indicated by the former (10 times). The average value of the size is calculated to acquire the average information 50a of the brightest part assumed part and stored in the storage means 11, and the average value of the size of the darkest part assumed part indicated by the latter (10 times) is calculated. The darkest part assumed part average information 50b is acquired and stored in the storage means 11 (S7).
The control means 12 may calculate the average value of the size of 8 times by excluding the maximum value and the minimum value of 10 times, and further, the second largest value and the second smallest value. May be excluded and the average value of the size of 6 times may be calculated. Further, the control means 12 may calculate the average value by excluding the response time having the maximum value or the minimum value, or the response time may be the same as or different from the predetermined value (the above-mentioned predetermined value). It is possible to calculate the average value by excluding those having the above (similar to the present specification). Further, the control means 12 may obtain the brightest part assumed part average information 50a and the darkest part assumed part average information 50b by the weighted average considering the illuminance and the response time for each input.

Further, the control means 12 corrects the size of the brightest part assumed part and the size of the darkest part assumed part related to the obtained brightest part assumed part average information 50a and darkest part assumed part average information 50b. Correction is performed by the correction formula shown in the information 52, and the storage means 11 re-stores the memory (S8).
The control means 12 corrects the brightest part assumed boundary line segment correspondence information 40a and the darkest part assumed boundary line segment correspondence information 40b, and then corrects the brightest part assumed part average information 50a and the darkest part assumed boundary line segment corresponding information 40b. The average information 50b may be calculated. Further, S1 and S8 may be omitted. Further, the correction type information 52 may be incorporated in the program 14, and the same applies to other information. In addition, in the storage means 11, the brightest part assumed part average information 50a and the darkest part assumed part average information 50b before correction may be left.

Then, the control means 12 compares the corrected average information 50a of the brightest part assumption part with the range information 54a of the brightest part assumption part, and the size of the brightest part assumption part indicated by the former is within the range indicated by the latter. Determine if it is included. When the control means 12 determines that the visual dynamic range is not included, it determines that there is a possibility that the visual dynamic range is not healthy in the bright part (generates the information requiring attention in the bright part) and stores it in the storage means 11 (upper part of S9). ..
Similarly, the control means 12 determines whether or not the size of the darkest part assumed part related to the darkest part assumed part average information 50b is within the range indicated by the corrected darkest part assumed part range information 54b. If it is determined that the visual dynamic range is not included, it is determined that there is a possibility that the visual dynamic range is not healthy in the dark part (generation of information requiring attention in the dark part), and the memory means 11 stores the information (lower part of S9).
Further, the control means 12 is a portion sandwiched between the corrected brightest part assumed part average information 50a and the darkest part assumed part average information 50b, that is, the brightest part assumed boundary (10 times average position) and the darkest part. The visual dynamic range measurement value is calculated based on the size in the intermediate portion between the assumed boundaries (average position of 10 times), and the corresponding visual dynamic range measurement value information 50 is stored in the storage means 11 (S10). ， Visual dynamic range calculation step). The visual dynamic range measurement value may be a value obtained by dividing the brightness corresponding to the boundary position of the brightest part by the brightness corresponding to the boundary position of the darkest part, or a relative value converted according to the value. It may be any value, or it may be calculated by another formula.
The average size of the brightest part assumed part related to the brightest part assumed part average information 50a (the average of the positions of the brightest part assumed boundary) and the size of the darkest part assumed part related to the darkest part assumed part average information 50b. The average (the average of the positions of the darkest assumed boundarys) and the like are values related to the visual dynamic range, which are values related to the measured values of the visual dynamic range.
Note that S9 and S10 may be executed in a different order, and S9 may be omitted. Further, the control means 12 may determine whether or not the visual dynamic range measurement value is within a predetermined range (range of a healthy person, etc.).

Subsequently, the control means 12 causes the display means 2 to display the measurement result (S11).
That is, if there is a visual dynamic range measurement value, and information requiring attention in the bright part or information requiring attention in the dark part, that fact is displayed.
At least one of these may not be displayed.
Further, when the bright part caution information or the dark part caution information does not exist, that fact may be displayed.
Further, instead of or together with the visual dynamic range measurement value itself, it is determined stepwise based on the visual dynamic range measurement value information 50, the brightest part assumed part average information 50a, the darkest part assumed part average information 50b, and the like. Indicators (level 1, A rank, etc.), messages (may be easy to feel glare), etc. may be displayed.
Further, other information such as the brightest part assumed part average information 50a, the darkest part assumed part average information 50b, the illuminance information 42, and the response time information 44 may be displayed.
In addition, the control means 12 does not display the measurement result on the display means 2, and is connected to the measuring device 1 in a communicable manner (for example, another tablet-type device capable of wireless communication). ) May send the measurement result. If the measurement result is displayed on the device for the examiner, the examiner can give an explanation to the subject according to the situation of the subject based on the result without showing the direct result. In this case, the measuring device 1 is the first device, the device for the tester is the second device, and these devices constitute a visual dynamic range measurement system.

The examiner can evaluate the presence or absence or degree of photophobia or the like related to the subject from the measurement result.
For example, in measurements involving subjects who have photophobia for brightness that normally does not matter and who have night blindness in the dark, the visual dynamic range tends to be narrow, and the degree of photophobia or night blindness tends to be obtained. The more intense the result, the narrower the visual dynamic range tends to be.
In addition, in the measurement of a subject in which brightness is observed but night blindness is not observed, the result that the visual dynamic range is shifted to the bright side tends to be obtained.
Furthermore, the examiner can grasp the necessity of light-shielding glasses (sunglasses, etc.) in the subject and the degree of light-shielding (transmittance) in the light-shielding glasses based on the size of the visual dynamic range measurement value and the like. can.
In addition, the examiner can confirm the effect of the light-shielding spectacles by performing the visual dynamic range measurement on the subject wearing the light-shielding spectacles. In this case, the tester can compare the measurement result when the light-shielding eyeglasses are not worn.
When only the brightest part assumed boundary line segment correspondence information 40a or the brightest part assumed part average information 50a is acquired, the control means 12 uses the visual dynamic range bright part side as related information of the visual dynamic range measurement value. Information can be obtained. The control means 12 can determine the information requiring attention in the bright part also from the information on the bright part side of the visual dynamic range, and at least one of these information is displayed on the display means 2 or the like to be used for the evaluation of photophobia. be able to.
On the other hand, even when only the darkest part assumed boundary line segment correspondence information 40b or the darkest part assumed part average information 50b is acquired, the visual dynamic range dark part side information can be acquired in the same manner, and the judgment or issuance of the dark part caution information can be obtained. Or, it can be provided for the evaluation of night blindness.

≪Effects, etc.≫
The above-mentioned measuring device 1 includes a display means 2 for displaying various information, an input means 4 for receiving input by a subject, and a control means 12 for controlling the display means 2 and the input means 4. 2 displays a gradation optotype 20 which is an optotype whose brightness changes stepwise from the brightest part to the darkest part, and the input means 4 has the same appearance as the brightest part in the subject among the gradation optotypes 20. Input of the brightest part assumption boundary, which is the boundary between the part that is supposed to be and the part that is not, and the darkest part assumption that is the boundary between the part that is supposed to look the same as the darkest part and the part that is not. Upon receiving at least one of the boundary inputs, the control means 12 receives the position of the brightest part assumed boundary (the brightest part assumed boundary line portion correspondence information 40a) and the position of the darkest part assumed boundary (the darkest part assumed boundary). Based on at least one of the line segment correspondence information 40b), the visual dynamic range measurement value (visual dynamic range measurement value information 50) or the related value, the visual dynamic range related value (the average of the brightest part of the assumed part). Information 50a, darkest part assumed part average information 50b, etc.) are calculated.
Therefore, the subject can easily quantitatively measure the visual dynamic range leading to the evaluation of photophobia or the like only by inputting the gradation optotype 20. By grasping the measured values of the visual dynamic range, the tester and the subject can objectively judge the necessity and type of the light-shielding glasses, and can quantitatively judge the effect of the light-shielding glasses. Furthermore, the examiner and the subject can evaluate night blindness and the like, and can take into consideration the subject in the guidance of paying attention at night and in the dark and securing lighting and lighting as much as possible. In addition, quantitative data on photophobia and night blindness can be accumulated, and the tester can use the measuring device 1 for analysis of eye diseases or mechanisms such as photophobia and night blindness.

Further, the change in brightness in the gradation optotype 20 is proportional to the distance from the darkest part. Therefore, the gradation optotype 20 becomes easy to understand, and it is easy to input and analyze the gradation optotype 20.
Further, the brightest part is white and the darkest part is black. Therefore, light and dark are simply expressed and processing is easy.
Furthermore, the brightest part exhibits white color due to additive mixing of light of a predetermined color. Therefore, the brightest part is presented more clearly than when the reflected light of the brightest part is visually recognized as in the case where the gradation optotype 20 is printed on paper.
Further, the display means 2 can display by changing the brightness of the background portion 30 of the gradation optotype 20. Therefore, there are a plurality of variations in the brightness of the background portion 30, and by using the results displayed at the plurality of brightness together, the accuracy of the measurement of the visual dynamic range is further improved.
In addition, the control means 12 (counter 10) measures the response time (response time information 44) of the input by the subject. Therefore, in the measurement of the visual dynamic range, the input condition is taken into consideration, and the measurement is performed more accurately.
Further, the control means 12 measures the illuminance (illuminance information 42) around the measuring device 1 (gradation optotype 20). Therefore, in the measurement of the visual dynamic range, the ambient illuminance is taken into consideration, the measurement is performed more accurately, and the measurement is easy without the need to prepare a dark room.
Further, the control means 12 corrects the visual dynamic range measurement value or the visual dynamic range related value based on a predetermined correction formula (correction formula information 52) which is a function of the illuminance. Therefore, the ambient illuminance is automatically and more specifically added.
Furthermore, the control means 12 determines whether or not the visual dynamic range measurement value or the visual dynamic range-related value is within a predetermined range (brightest part assumed part range information 54a, darkest part assumed part range information 54b). to decide. Therefore, if a predetermined range is determined based on a plurality of measured values of healthy subjects, it is automatically determined whether or not the current visual dynamic range measurement value is within the range in which a plurality of healthy subjects can enter. Can be judged.
In addition, the input means 4 accepts at least one of the input of the brightest part assumed boundary and the input of the darkest part assumed boundary a plurality of times, and the control means 12 receives a plurality of positions of the brightest part assumed boundary and a plurality of positions. The average value of at least one of the positions of the darkest assumed boundary (the brightest assumed portion average information 50a and the darkest expected portion average information 50b) is calculated. Therefore, the measurement of the visual dynamic range is performed more accurately by acquiring or leveling a plurality of samples.

On the other hand, in the above measurement method, in the gradation target display step S3 for displaying the gradation target 20 which is a target whose brightness changes stepwise from the brightest part to the darkest part, and in the subject among the gradation targets 20. Input of the brightest part assumed boundary, which is the boundary between the part that is supposed to look the same as the brightest part and the part that is not, and the part that is supposed to look the same as the darkest part in the subject and not. At least one of the input reception steps S5 and S6 for accepting at least one of the input of the darkest assumed boundary which is the boundary of the portion, the position of the brightest assumed boundary, and the position of the darkest assumed boundary. Based on this, it has a visual dynamic range calculation step S10 for calculating a visual dynamic range measurement value or a visual dynamic range related value which is a value related thereto.
Therefore, by inputting to the gradation optotype 20 by the subject, quantitative measurement of the visual dynamic range leading to evaluation of photophobia and the like can be easily performed, and analysis of light-shielding glasses and photophobia related to the subject can be easily performed.

1 ... (visual dynamic range) measuring device, 2 ... display means, 4 ... input means, 10 ... counter, 12 ... control means, 20 ... gradation optotype, 30 ... background part, 40a ... Brightest part assumed boundary line correspondence information, 40b ... Darkest part assumed boundary line correspondence information, 42 ... Illumination information, 44 ... Response time information, 50 ... Visual dynamic range measurement value information, 50a ... Brightest Assumed part average information, 50b ... Darkest part assumed part average information, 52 ... Correction type information, 54a ... Brightest part assumed part range information, 54b ... Darkest part assumed part range information, S3 ... Gradation optotype Display step, S5, S6 ... Input reception step, S10 ... Visual dynamic range calculation step.

Claims (7)

Display means for displaying various information and
Input means that accepts input by the subject and
A control means for controlling the display means and the input means, and
Is equipped with
The display means displays a gradation optotype, which is an optotype whose brightness changes stepwise from the brightest part to the darkest part in a state of being proportional to the distance from the darkest part.
The input means inputs the brightest part of the gradation optotype, which is the boundary between the part of the gradation optotype that is supposed to look the same as the brightest part and the part that is not, and the subject. Accepts at least one of the input of the darkest part assumed boundary, which is the boundary between the part that is supposed to look the same as the darkest part and the part that is not.
The control means
Based on at least one of the position of the brightest part assumed boundary and the position of the darkest part assumed boundary, a visual dynamic range measurement value or a value related to the visual dynamic range measurement value is calculated .
The ambient illuminance is measured, and the visual dynamic range measurement value or the visual dynamic range related value is corrected based on a predetermined correction formula that is a function of the illuminance.
A visual dynamic range measuring device for determining whether or not the corrected visual dynamic range measurement value or the visual dynamic range-related value is within a predetermined range. The brightest part is white and
The visual dynamic range measuring device according to claim 1 , wherein the darkest portion is black. The visual dynamic range measuring apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the brightest portion exhibits white color due to an additive color mixture of light of a predetermined color. The visual dynamic range measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the display means can display by changing the brightness of the background portion of the gradation optotype. The visual dynamic range measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the control means measures a response time of an input by the subject. The input means receives at least one of the input of the brightest part assumed boundary and the input of the darkest part assumed boundary a plurality of times.
Any of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the control means calculates an average value of at least one of a plurality of positions of the brightest part assumed boundary and a plurality of positions of the darkest part assumed boundary. The visual dynamic range measuring device described in Crab. From the brightest part to the darkest part, a gradation target display step for displaying a gradation target, which is a target whose brightness changes stepwise in a state of being proportional to the distance from the darkest part, and
Wherein among the gradation target, wherein the brightest portion assumed boundary is a boundary portion between otherwise moiety which is assumed to be the same look towards the most bright portion input in subjects, and the same with the darkest part in the subject An input reception step that accepts at least one of the input of the darkest part assumed boundary, which is the boundary between the part that is supposed to be visible and the part that is not.
A visual dynamic that calculates a visual dynamic range measurement value or a value related to the visual dynamic range measurement value based on at least one of the position of the brightest part assumed boundary and the position of the darkest part assumed boundary. Range calculation steps and
A visual dynamic range correction step that measures the ambient illuminance and corrects the visual dynamic range measurement value or the visual dynamic range related value based on a predetermined correction formula that is a function of the illuminance.
A determination step for determining whether or not the corrected visual dynamic range measurement value or the visual dynamic range-related value is within a predetermined range, and
A visual dynamic range measurement method characterized by having.

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