JP6920265B2 - Construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a construction machine provided with an engine cover that covers on-board equipment such as an engine.

In general, a hydraulic excavator as a construction machine is provided with a self-propelled lower traveling body, an upper turning body provided so as to be able to turn on the lower running body, and an up-and-down movement on the front side of the upper turning body. It is composed of a working device.

The upper swivel body is provided with a vehicle body frame forming a support structure, a counter weight provided on the rear side of the vehicle body frame, and a horizontally placed state located on the front side of the counter weight and extending in the left and right directions on the vehicle body frame. The engine, the muffler device that processes the exhaust gas located on one side in the length direction of the engine, the left and right side plates erected on the left and right sides of the vehicle body frame, and the left and right side plates. A building cover consisting of a top plate arranged at the upper end of the side plate and having an opening for maintaining the on-board equipment including the engine and the muffler device, and a counter located above the engine and covering the opening of the top plate. An engine cover that can be opened and closed with the weight side as the rotation fulcrum and the engine side as the free end, and an engine cover that is located above the muffler device and covers the opening of the top plate and opens and closes with the side plate side as the rotation fulcrum and the engine side as the free end. It is configured to include a possible muffler cover (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2017-172114

By the way, the worker goes up to the upper surface plate of the building cover to open the engine cover and the muffler cover, and performs maintenance work on the mounted equipment such as the engine. In this case, the opening work of the engine cover and the muffler cover needs to be performed at a predetermined place on the upper surface plate of the building cover. However, when the worker opens the engine cover or the like in a place different from the predetermined place, the engine cover and other surrounding members come into contact with the worker and the posture of the worker is not correct. There is a risk of stability.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a construction machine capable of opening and closing an engine cover and a muffler cover at an appropriate place.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the construction machine of the present invention has a vehicle body frame having a support structure and a working device attached to the front side, a counter weight provided on the rear side of the vehicle body frame, and the counter weight. An engine located on the front side and installed horizontally on the vehicle body frame extending in the left and right directions, a muffler device located on one side in the length direction of the engine to process exhaust gas, and the vehicle body. It has openings for maintaining on-board equipment including the engine and the muffler device, which are arranged at the upper ends of the left and right side plates erected on both the left and right sides of the frame and the left and right side plates. A building cover made of a top plate, an engine cover that is located above the engine and covers the opening of the top plate, has a counter weight side as a rotation fulcrum, and can be opened and closed with the engine side as a free end, and the muffler. It is composed of a muffler cover that is located above the device, covers the opening of the top plate, has the side plate side as a rotation fulcrum, and has the engine side as a free end.

The feature of the configuration adopted by the present invention is that a muffler cover opening / closing step that serves as a foothold when opening / closing the muffler cover is provided between the engine cover and the muffler cover, and the engine cover is provided with a step for opening / closing the muffler cover. When the engine cover is closed, an entry restricting member for restricting entry to the muffler cover opening / closing step is provided.

According to the present invention, an operator can open and close the engine cover and the muffler cover at an appropriate place.

It is a front view which shows the hydraulic excavator which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the upper swivel body and the like in an enlarged manner. It is a perspective view of the counterweight, the engine cover, the muffler cover, etc. of the upper swing body seen from diagonally upper left. It is a perspective view which shows the state which opened the engine cover in FIG. It is the same perspective view as FIG. 3 which shows the entry control member provided in the engine cover which concerns on the modification of this invention.

Hereinafter, a crawler type hydraulic excavator will be taken as an example as a typical example of the construction machine according to the embodiment of the present invention, and will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1, a hydraulic excavator 1 as a construction machine is mounted on a self-propelled lower traveling body 2 and a lower traveling body 2 so as to be swivelable, and together with the lower traveling body 2, an upper swivel body 3 constituting a vehicle body. It is composed of a work device 4 provided on the front side of the upper swivel body 3 so as to be able to move up and down and perform excavation work of earth and sand.

The upper swivel body 3 has a vehicle body frame 5 which has a support structure and a work device 4 is attached to the front side, a counter weight 6 which is provided on the rear side of the vehicle body frame 5 and balances the weight with the work device 4, and a vehicle body. A cab 7 provided on the left side of the front part of the frame 5 on which the operator rides, an engine 8 located on the front side of the counter weight 6 and extended to the left and right on the vehicle body frame 5, and an engine 8 A muffler device 11 that is located on the right side (one side in the length direction) to process exhaust gas, a building cover 13 that houses an engine 8 and on-board equipment such as the muffler device 11, and an engine 8 provided on the building cover 13. The engine cover 21 that can be opened and closed to cover the upper part of the engine cover 21 and the muffler cover 18 that can be opened and closed to cover the upper part of the muffler device 11 provided on the building cover 13 are included.

The engine 8 is located on the rear side of the vehicle body frame 5 and on the front side of the counterweight 6, and is mounted on the vehicle body frame 5 in a horizontal position extending in the left and right directions. The engine 8 is supported on the vehicle body frame 5 in a vibration-proof state in the machine room 17, which will be described later. A cooling fan (not shown) for supplying cooling air to a heat exchanger (not shown) is provided on the left side (the other side in the length direction) of the engine 8. On the other hand, a hydraulic pump (not shown) is provided on the right side (one side in the length direction) of the engine 8. A muffler device 11, which will be described later, is provided above the hydraulic pump.

The hydraulic oil tank 9 is provided on the opposite side of the working device 4 in the left and right directions from the cab 7. That is, the hydraulic oil tank 9 is provided on the right side of the vehicle body frame 5. The hydraulic oil tank 9 stores hydraulic oil for driving actuators provided in the lower traveling body 2, the working device 4, and the like. On the other hand, the fuel tank 10 is provided on the vehicle body frame 5 adjacent to the right side of the hydraulic oil tank 9. The fuel tank 10 stores fuel for driving the engine 8.

The muffler device 11 is arranged on the right side (one side in the length direction) of the engine 8. The muffler device 11 is located on the vehicle body frame 5 on the right side of the machine room 17, which will be described later, above the hydraulic pump. The muffler device 11 is connected to the engine 8 via an exhaust pipe to oxidize and remove carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC) and the like contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the engine 8 and exhaust gas. Purifies nitrogen oxides (NOx) contained in. Further, the muffler device 11 reduces the noise of the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas purified by the muffler device 11 is discharged to the outside through the tail pipe 12.

The building cover 13 is arranged at the upper ends of the left and right side plates 14 and 15 and the left and right side plates 14 and 15 erected on both the left and right sides of the vehicle body frame 5, and comprises the engine 8 and the muffler device 11. It comprises a top plate 16 having an opening 16A for maintaining the on-board equipment including.

The left side plate 14 is arranged between the cab 7 and the counterweight 6. The left side plate 14 is provided facing the heat exchanger and can be opened and closed when the heat exchanger is maintained. On the other hand, the right side plate 15 is arranged between the fuel tank 10 and the counterweight 6. The right side plate 15 is provided facing the hydraulic pump and can be opened and closed when the hydraulic pump is maintained.

The top plate 16 is located at the upper ends of the left and right side plates 14 and 15 and is arranged between the counterweight 6, the cab 7, and the hydraulic oil tank 9. The top plate 16 is formed with an opening 16A on the front side of the counterweight 6 for maintaining the on-board equipment including the engine 8 and the muffler device 11. The top plate 16 is a portion that is raised when the operator performs maintenance of the engine 8 and the like.

In this case, the upper surface plate 16 is provided with an engine cover opening / closing step 16B on the front side of the opening 16A, which serves as a scaffold when opening / closing the engine cover 21 described later. The engine cover opening / closing step 16B is arranged on the front side of the engine cover 21 described later, which is opened / closed in the front and rear directions of the top plate 16. That is, the engine cover opening / closing step 16B is arranged at a position facing the hinge 21B of the engine cover 21.

The machine room 17 is covered with a building cover 13 and houses on-board equipment including an engine 8, a heat exchanger, and a muffler device 11. The upper side of the machine room 17 is opened by the opening 16A, and is always covered (closed) by the engine cover 21 and the muffler cover 18, which will be described later. In the machine room 17, heat exchangers, an engine 8, and a muffler device 11 are arranged side by side in order from the left side.

Next, the muffler cover 18 that covers the upper part of the machine room 17, the muffler cover opening / closing step 20, and the engine cover 21 will be described.

The muffler cover 18 is located above the muffler device 11 and covers the opening 16A of the upper surface plate 16. That is, the muffler cover 18 covers the right side of the machine room 17. The muffler cover 18 is opened when the muffler device 11 is maintained, and a hinge 18B is provided on the right end side 18A (the end on the right side plate 15 side). As a result, the muffler cover 18 can be opened and closed with the right end side 18A (the end on the right side plate 15 side) as the rotation fulcrum and the left end side 18C (the end on the engine 8 side) as the free end.

On the left end side 18C (free end side) of the muffler cover 18, a muffler cover handle 19 that is gripped when opening and closing the muffler cover 18 projects upward. The muffler cover handle 19 is provided on the rear side (counterweight 6 side) of the engine cover 21 handle 22 which will be described later. The operator can open and close the muffler cover 18 by gripping the muffler cover handle 19 using the muffler cover opening / closing step 20 described later as a scaffold.

The muffler cover opening / closing step 20 is provided adjacent to the left side of the muffler cover 18 and straddles the opening 16A of the upper surface plate 16 in the front and rear directions. That is, the muffler cover opening / closing step 20 is located between the engine cover 21 and the muffler cover 18 described later, and extends from the engine cover opening / closing step 16B of the upper surface plate 16 toward the counterweight 6. The muffler cover opening / closing step 20 is a portion that serves as a scaffold when the muffler cover 18 is opened / closed by the muffler cover opening / closing handle 19.

The muffler cover opening / closing step 20 is a left end side 18C which is a free end side of the muffler cover 18 in the opening / closing direction (left / right direction) so that the operator can open / close the muffler cover 18 in a stable posture. It is arranged adjacent to. When the engine cover 21 described later is closed, the muffler cover opening / closing step 20 is restricted from entering by the engine cover handle 22. The muffler cover opening / closing step 20 also serves as a scaffold for the operator when performing maintenance on the engine 8 and the muffler device 11.

The engine cover 21 is provided adjacent to the left side of the muffler cover opening / closing step 20. That is, the engine cover 21 is located above the engine 8 and covers the left side of the machine room 17. The engine cover 21 is opened when the engine 8 is maintained, and a hinge 21B is provided on the rear end side 21A (the end on the counterweight 6 side). As a result, the engine cover 21 can be opened and closed with the rear end side 21A (the end on the counterweight 6 side) as the rotation fulcrum and the front end side 21C (the end on the engine 8 side) as the free end.

Next, the engine cover handle 22 constituting the entry control member of the present invention will be described.

The engine cover handle 22 is gripped when the engine cover 21 is opened and closed, and is provided on the front end side 21C (free end side) of the engine cover 21. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the engine cover handle 22 is located above the muffler cover opening / closing step 20 with the engine cover 21 closed, and extends from the engine cover 21 toward the muffler cover 18. There is. That is, the engine cover handle 22 projects from the engine cover 21 toward the right side (muffler cover opening / closing step 20 side).

As shown in FIG. 2, the dimension A between the engine cover handle 22 and the muffler cover 18 is so small that the operator cannot put his / her foot in it. As a result, the engine cover handle 22 is located above the muffler cover opening / closing step 20 when the engine cover 21 is closed, and restricts the entry into the muffler cover opening / closing step 20.

Therefore, when the engine cover 21 is opened, the operator can be guided to the engine cover opening / closing step 16B located on the front side of the engine cover 21. That is, the operator inevitably opens the engine cover 21 on the front side of the engine cover 21, which is the free end side of the engine cover 21. As a result, the operator can open and close the engine cover 21 in a stable posture.

The elevating step 23 is provided on the front side of the hydraulic oil tank 9. The elevating step 23 is located on the right front side of the upper swivel body 3 and is provided in a staircase pattern between the vehicle body frame 5 and the hydraulic oil tank 9. The elevating step 23 is a passage for the operator to ascend and descend to the upper surface plate 16 of the building cover 13.

The hydraulic excavator 1 according to the present embodiment has the above-described configuration, and its operation will be described next.

First, the operator gets on the cab 7 and operates the engine 8. Then, the operator can run the hydraulic excavator 1 by operating the running operation lever (not shown) provided in the cab 7, and operates the working operating lever (not shown). By doing so, the excavation work of earth and sand can be performed using the work device 4.

Next, a case where maintenance of on-board equipment such as the engine 8 and the muffler device 11 arranged in the machine room 17 is performed will be described.

First, the operator goes up from the elevating step 23 onto the upper surface plate 16 of the building cover 13. Next, the operator grips the engine cover handle 22 of the engine cover 21 and lifts the engine cover 21 upward. As a result, the engine cover 21 can be opened with the hinge 21B as a rotation fulcrum.

In this case, the engine cover handle 22 extends on the muffler cover opening / closing step 20 arranged between the engine cover 21 and the muffler cover 18. Therefore, the operator cannot enter the muffler cover opening / closing step 20 because the engine cover handle 22 is an obstacle. As a result, the operator inevitably opens the engine cover 21 using the engine cover opening / closing step 16B located on the front side of the engine cover 21 as a scaffold.

After the engine cover 21 is opened, the engine cover handle 22 comes off from the muffler cover opening / closing step 20 so that the operator can enter the muffler cover opening / closing step 20. Therefore, the operator can completely open the engine cover 21 to the counterweight 6 side while moving from the engine cover opening / closing step 16B to the muffler cover opening / closing step 20. In this case, the engine cover handle 22 is located closer to the counterweight 6 than the operator. Therefore, the operator who has moved to the muffler cover opening / closing step 20 is restrained from moving to the counterweight 6 side by the engine cover handle 22.

Then, the operator grips the muffler cover handle 19 and lifts the muffler cover 18 upward while using the muffler cover opening / closing step 20 as a scaffold. As a result, the muffler cover 18 can be opened with the hinge 18B as a rotation fulcrum. After that, the operator can perform maintenance of the mounted equipment such as the engine 8 and the muffler device 11 by using the upper surface plate 16 of the building cover 13 and the muffler cover opening / closing step 20 as scaffolding.

When opening the muffler cover 18 and performing maintenance on the mounted equipment, the engine cover handle 22 is located on the front side of the counterweight 6 and above the rear end side of the muffler cover opening / closing step 20 for opening / closing the muffler cover. The entry from step 20 to the counterweight 6 side is suppressed. As a result, the engine cover handle 22 prevents the operator from inadvertently moving to the counterweight 6 side (rear end side of the upper swing body 3). Then, when the maintenance of the mounted device is completed, the muffler cover 18 and the engine cover 21 are closed.

Thus, according to the construction machine of the present embodiment, the vehicle body frame 5 which has a support structure and the work device 4 is attached to the front side, the counter weight 6 provided on the rear side of the vehicle body frame 5, and the counter weight. An engine 8 located on the front side of the engine 8 and extending horizontally to the left and right on the vehicle body frame 5, and a muffler located on one side of the engine 8 in the length direction to process exhaust gas. The engine 8 and the muffler device are arranged at the upper ends of the device 11, the left and right side plates 14 and 15 erected on both the left and right sides of the vehicle body frame 5, and the left and right side plates 14 and 15. A building cover 13 composed of a top plate 16 having an opening 16A for maintaining on-board equipment including the engine 8 and a counter weight 6 located above the engine 8 and covering the opening 16A of the top plate 16. An engine cover 21 that can be opened and closed with the side as a rotation fulcrum and the engine 8 side as a free end, and the side plate side that is located above the muffler device 11 and covers the opening 16A of the top plate 16. It is composed of a muffler cover 18 that can be opened and closed with the engine 8 side as a fulcrum as a fulcrum.

Then, between the engine cover 21 and the muffler cover 18, a muffler cover opening / closing step 20 that serves as a foothold when opening / closing the muffler cover 18 is provided, and the engine cover 21 is provided with the engine cover 21. In the closed state, an entry restricting member (engine cover handle 22) for restricting entry to the muffler cover opening / closing step 20 is provided. As a result, when the engine cover 21 is opened, the entry into the muffler cover opening / closing step 20 can be suppressed, so that the operator can open / close the engine cover 21 at an appropriate place.

Further, the step serving as a scaffold for the worker described in the above-mentioned prior art is configured to be covered with an engine cover. However, the muffler cover opening / closing step 20 according to the present embodiment is provided between the engine cover 21 and the muffler cover 18, and is not covered by the engine cover 21. Therefore, the size of the engine cover 21 can be suppressed and the weight can be reduced, and the operator can easily open and close the engine cover 21. Further, since the muffler cover opening / closing step 20 is not covered by the engine cover 21, it is not necessary to form the engine cover 21 high in order to cover the muffler cover opening / closing step 20. Therefore, the height of the engine cover 21 can be reduced, and as a result, the rear view of the operator can be kept good.

Further, the upper surface plate 16 of the building cover 13 includes an engine cover opening / closing step 16B that serves as a scaffold when opening / closing the engine cover 21 on the front side of the opening 16A. As a result, the operator can open and close the engine cover 21 using the engine cover opening / closing step 16B as a scaffold.

Further, the entry restricting member is located above the muffler cover opening / closing step 20 with the engine cover 21 closed, extends from the engine cover 21 toward the muffler cover 18, and opens / closes the engine cover 21. It consists of a handle (engine cover handle 22) that is sometimes gripped. As a result, the engine cover handle 22 used for opening / closing the engine cover 21 is restricted from entering the muffler cover opening / closing step 20, so that the cost can be reduced.

Further, the entry restricting member permits entry into the muffler cover opening / closing step 20 when the engine cover 21 is open, and restricts entry from the muffler cover opening / closing step 20 to the counterweight 6 side. do. As a result, it is possible to prevent the operator from entering (moving) the counterweight 6 side (rear end side of the upper swing body 3) from the muffler cover opening / closing step 20.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where the engine cover handle 22 is used as an entry restricting member has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and an entry restricting member 32 may be provided separately from the engine cover handle 31, for example, as in the modified example shown in FIG.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the hydraulic excavator 1 provided with the crawler-type lower traveling body 2 has been described as an example of the construction machine. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be applied to, for example, a hydraulic excavator provided with a wheel-type lower traveling body. Besides that, it can be widely applied to other construction machines such as wheel loaders, dump trucks and hydraulic cranes.

1 Hydraulic excavator (construction machinery)
4 Work equipment 5 Body frame 6 Counter weight 8 Engine 11 Muffler device 13 Building cover 14 Left side plate 15 Right side plate 16 Top plate 16A Opening 18 Muffler cover 20 Muffler cover opening / closing step 21 Engine cover 22 Engine cover handle (entrance control member) )
32 Entry control member

Claims (4)

A body frame that has a support structure and a work device attached to the front side,
A counterweight provided on the rear side of the vehicle body frame and
An engine located in front of the counterweight and installed horizontally on the vehicle body frame extending in the left and right directions.
A muffler device located on one side of the engine in the length direction to process exhaust gas,
An opening for maintaining the on-board equipment including the engine and the muffler device, which is arranged at the upper ends of the left and right side plates and the left and right side plates erected on both the left and right sides of the vehicle body frame. A building cover consisting of a top plate with
An engine cover that is located above the engine, covers the opening of the top plate, has a counterweight side as a rotation fulcrum, and can be opened and closed with the engine side as a free end.
In a construction machine located above the muffler device, which covers the opening of the top plate, has a muffler cover that can be opened and closed with the side plate side as a rotation fulcrum and the engine side as a free end.
A step for opening and closing the muffler cover, which serves as a scaffold when opening and closing the muffler cover, is provided between the engine cover and the muffler cover.
A construction machine characterized in that the engine cover is provided with an entry restricting member for restricting entry to the muffler cover opening / closing step when the engine cover is closed. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the upper surface plate of the building cover is provided with an engine cover opening / closing step that serves as a scaffold when opening / closing the engine cover on the front side of the opening. The entry restricting member is located above the muffler cover opening / closing step with the engine cover closed, extends from the engine cover toward the muffler cover, and is gripped when the engine cover is opened / closed. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the construction machine becomes. The approach restricting member is characterized in that, when the engine cover is opened, the entry to the muffler cover opening / closing step is permitted, and the entry from the muffler cover opening / closing step to the counterweight side is restricted. The construction machine according to claim 1.

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