JP6928326B2 - Double structural material - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a double structural material, and more particularly to a building material that is a framework of a building, that is, a double structural material used as a column, a beam, a wall, a foundation, or the like.

So-called wooden buildings, which use wood for the main part in terms of structural strength, have humidity control properties, heat insulation properties, etc., and the building materials that make up the wooden buildings are recyclable, so many have been constructed. There is.

As such a wooden building, so-called lumber, which is obtained by directly cutting a square lumber or a board from a single log to a required size, is generally used.
In addition, for example, from the viewpoint of improving durability, an exterior pillar made by arranging and adhering a structural laminated lumber of a predetermined size, a wood veneer of a predetermined thickness, and a medium density fiberboard of a predetermined thickness. (See, for example, Patent Document 1) and structural materials in which different woods are stacked and bonded by a plurality of dowels, and the dowels have an appropriate inclination angle are known (see, for example, Patent Document 2). ).
Further, a load-bearing layer made of wood or the like sufficient to support a long-term load, a burn-off layer having a high heat-capacity material arranged outside the load-bearing layer and having a heat capacity larger than that of wood, and a burn-off layer outside the burn-stop layer. There is known a structural material provided with a burn margin layer made of wood having a predetermined burn margin thickness (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-179709 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-194028 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-36456

However, general lumber, exterior columns described in Patent Document 1, and conventional structural materials including the structural materials described in Patent Documents 2 and 3 are affected by rain and wind after a long period of time after construction. There is a problem that the outer peripheral portion is deteriorated due to air oxidation or the like.
In addition, the outer peripheral portion may be damaged due to the influence of an external impact, fire, or the like.
In these cases, not only the appearance is impaired, but also the structural strength of the structural material itself is concerned, so it is necessary to replace the structural material itself. In particular, when the structural material is a main part in terms of structural strength such as columns, beams, walls, etc., as shown in FIG. 13, jacks J are provided on both sides of the structural material 10 to temporarily apply a load from above. It is troublesome because it is necessary to support, then replace the structural material 10, and remove the jack J, and it is also necessary to calculate the load borne by the jack J and prepare in advance such as the installation position of the jack J. It takes time. Therefore, there is a drawback that it is inefficient.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is possible to prevent damage to the supporting timber portion, to easily remove and replace only the covering building material portion, and to damage the supporting timber portion at the time of replacement. It is an object of the present invention to provide a double structural material capable of suppressing the influence of such factors.

As a result of diligent studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have arranged a covering building material portion on the outside of the supporting timber portion so that the periphery of the supporting timber portion is not exposed, and the covering building material portion is provided. It has been found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by forming them independently so that they can be easily removed from the supporting wood portion, and the present invention has been completed.

The present invention is (1) a double-structured material used as a building material, on the outside of the supporting timber portion for supporting a load and the periphery of the supporting timber portion so as not to be exposed. It is provided with an arranged covering building material portion, and the covering building material portion is formed independently so as to be removable from the supporting timber portion, and the covering building material portion is formed by connecting a plurality of assembled block materials to each other. The assembled block material has a convex portion or a concave portion, and the convex portion of one aggregated block material is fitted into the concave portion of the other aggregated block material at at least two points facing each other. The lumber has a stepped stepped portion in one place in the circumferential direction of the covering building material portion, and the stepped portion of the laminated block material having the stepped portion is the stepped portion of the laminated block material having the other stepped portion. The assembled block material exists in a double-structured material made of small piece plates of different lengths, which are in contact with the portion.

In the present invention, (2) an adhesive layer made of an adhesive is provided between the supporting wood portion and the covering building material portion, and the adhesive layer can be peeled off from the supporting wood portion or the covering building material portion (1). ) Exists in the described double structural material.

In the present invention, (3) a space is provided between the supporting wood portion and the covering building material portion, and the space is provided with a flat spacer sandwiched between the supporting wood portion and the covering building material portion. The size of the spacer is 10 mm to 100 mm in length, 10 mm to 100 mm in width, and 1 mm to 20 mm in thickness, and the volume of the spacer occupies 50% or less of the volume of the space. It exists in the double structural material according to (1) above , wherein the shortest distance from the side end portion of the portion to the spacer is 30 mm or more.

The present invention exists in the double-structured material according to (3 ) above, wherein (4 ) the material of the spacer is a non-combustible fiber-based material , and the thermal conductivity of the spacer is 0.5 W / (m · K) or less. ..

The present invention (5) columns, consists in the double structural member according to any one of the above used as a beam or wall (1) to (4).

The present invention resides in the double structural member according to any one of (6) above rounded corners on both sides of the convex portion is provided (1) to (5).

Since the double structural material of the present invention includes a support timber portion for supporting a load, the structural strength can be reliably maintained. By the way, in the double structural material, even when the covering building material portion is removed, it is possible to maintain the structural strength only by the supporting timber portion.
Further, in the double structural material, since the covering building material portion is arranged on the outside of the supporting timber portion so that the periphery of the supporting timber portion is not exposed, the supporting timber portion is affected by an external impact or fire. Can be prevented from being damaged.

In the double structural material of the present invention, since the covering building material portion is independently formed so as to be easily removable from the supporting timber portion, the supporting timber portion is damaged when the covering building material portion is removed. It is possible to suppress the influence of such factors.
Further, when the outer peripheral portion of the double structural material is damaged or the outer peripheral portion of the double structural material is deteriorated, as shown in FIG. 14, the covering building material portion is removed from the supporting timber portion to support another covering building material portion. By attaching it to the wood part, it can be restored to its original state relatively easily. At this time, as described above, since the supporting wood portion is not damaged or the like, it can be used as it is.

In the double structural material of the present invention, when an adhesive layer made of an adhesive is provided between the supporting wood portion and the covering building material portion, the covering building material portion is adhered to the supporting wood portion to form the supporting wood portion. On the other hand, it is possible to prevent the covering building material portion from becoming unstable and wobbling and being displaced.
In addition, the covering building material portion can be peeled off from the supporting timber portion.
The adhesive is an agent that can be attached to each other and can be peeled off later.

In the double structural material of the present invention, when a space is provided between the supporting timber portion and the covering building material portion, the covering timber portion and the covering building material portion are not in direct contact with each other, so that the covering building material portion can be easily removed. .. Therefore, when the covering building material portion is removed, it is possible to further suppress the influence of damage or the like on the supporting timber portion.
At this time, it is preferable that the space is provided with a spacer. In this case, the space is secured by the thickness of the spacer.
Further, since the covering building material portion is supported by the supporting timber portion via the spacer and the relative positions of the two are fixed, it is possible to prevent the covering building material portion from becoming unstable and wobbling and being displaced with respect to the supporting timber portion. can.
As the material of the spacer, for example, an inorganic material, a wood material, a non-combustible fiber material or a foamed resin material is adopted, and the thermal conductivity of the spacer is 0.5 W / (m · K) or less. Is preferable.

In the double-structured material of the present invention, the covering building material portion is formed by connecting a plurality of laminated block materials to each other, so that the covering building material portion can be relatively easily attached to the supporting timber portion. Can be done.
Further, the covering building material portion can be easily disassembled only by separating the connecting portion.

In the double-structured material of the present invention, the laminated block material has a convex portion or a concave portion at an end, and the convex portion of one laminated block material is fitted into the concave portion of the other laminated block material. , The connection between the laminated block materials can be made stronger.
Further, the covering building material portion can be easily attached and detached by fitting the covering building material portion at at least two facing locations.
In addition to this, when the laminated block material has a stepped stepped portion at the end, the convex portion is first fitted into the concave portion, and finally, the stepped portion of one assembled block material is fitted to the other assembled block. By contacting the stepped portion of the material, the covering building material portion can be attached and detached more easily.

In the double structural material of the present invention, it can be suitably used as a pillar, a beam or a wall among building materials.

FIG. 1A is a partially transparent perspective view showing a first embodiment using the double structural material according to the present invention as a pillar, and FIG. 1B is a horizontal sectional view thereof. FIG. 2 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a support timber portion and a laminated block material of a disassembled covering building material portion in the double structural material according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing a state in which the convex portion of one laminated block material is fitted into the concave portion of the other laminated block material in the double structural material according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a support timber portion and a laminated block material of a dismantled covering building material portion in the second embodiment using the double structural material according to the present invention as a pillar. FIG. 5 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment using the double structural material according to the present invention as a pillar. FIG. 6 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a fourth embodiment using the double structural member according to the present invention as a pillar. FIG. 7 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a fifth embodiment using the double structural member according to the present invention as a pillar. 8 (a) and 8 (b) are explanatory views for explaining the position where the spacer is attached in the double-structured lumber according to the fifth embodiment. FIG. 9 is a partially transparent perspective view showing a sixth embodiment using the double structural material according to the present invention as a beam. FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a seventh embodiment using the double structural material according to the present invention as a wall. 11 (a) to 11 (c) are horizontal cross-sectional views showing an example in which a gypsum board is used instead of a laminated block material as a covering building material portion in the double structural material according to another embodiment. (A) to (c) of FIG. 12 show an example in which a solid wood is used as a covering building material portion instead of a laminated block material in the double structural material according to another embodiment, and the shape of the end portion of the joint portion is different. It is a horizontal sectional view. FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a method of replacing a conventional structural material. FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a method of replacing the covering building material portion of the double structural material according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as necessary. In the drawings, the same elements are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be omitted. In addition, the positional relationship such as up, down, left, and right shall be based on the positional relationship shown in the drawings unless otherwise specified. Furthermore, the dimensional ratios in the drawings are not limited to the ratios shown.

The double structural material according to the present invention is used as a building material. Specifically, it is preferably used as a column, a beam or a wall.
(First Embodiment)
First, a first embodiment of the double structural material according to the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1A is a partially transparent perspective view showing a first embodiment using the double structural material according to the present invention as a pillar, and FIG. 1B is a horizontal sectional view thereof.
As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the double-layered lumber A according to the first embodiment is an example when used as a pillar.
The double structural material A includes a supporting timber portion 1 which is wood for supporting a load, and a covering building material portion 2A arranged outside the supporting timber portion 1 so that the periphery of the supporting timber portion 1 is not exposed. And. That is, the double structural material A has a structure in which the covering building material portion 2A of the supporting timber portion surrounds the supporting timber portion 1 in the horizontal direction.
Here, the covering building material portion 2A is formed independently so as to be removable from the supporting timber portion. The supporting timber portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2A are in contact with each other, but are in a non-connected state.
Incidentally, the covering building material portion 2A is not provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of the double structural material A, but when the double structural material A is used as a column, the upper surface and the lower surface are beams, columns, floors (slabs), etc. As a result, the upper surface and the lower surface of the double structural material A are not exposed because they are joined with other building materials.

Here, in the present specification, the "supporting timber portion" means a portion made of wood for supporting a load, and the "covering building material portion" means a portion so that the periphery of the supporting timber portion is not exposed. It means a part made of a building material covering the supporting timber part. The details of these will be described later.

In the double structural material A, since the covering building material portion 2A is arranged on the outside of the supporting timber portion 1, the supporting timber portion 1 is not affected from the outside. Therefore, the supporting wood portion 1 on the inside can support the load for a long period of time without being damaged. That is, the support timber portion 1 can maintain the initial state.
Further, in the double structural material A, since the supporting timber portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2A are not connected to each other, the covering building material portion 2A interferes with the supporting timber portion 1 when the covering building material portion 2A is removed. However, it is possible to suppress the influence of damage and the like.
Further, when the outer peripheral portion of the double structural material A is damaged or the outer peripheral portion of the double structural material A is deteriorated, the covering building material portion 2A forming the outer peripheral portion is removed from the supporting timber portion 1 and another covering building material portion is removed. Can be returned to the original state relatively easily by attaching the support timber portion 1 to the support timber portion 1. That is, only the covering building material portion 2A can be replaced.

In the double-structured material A according to the first embodiment, the supporting wood portion 1 is a square columnar wood serving as a core for supporting a load.
Here, the supporting timber portion 1 is designed to be safe in terms of structural strength against a load by itself. That is, since the supporting wood portion 1 can support the load by itself, the structural strength can be reliably maintained even if the covering building material portion 2A is removed.
The "load" means a fixed load, a load, a snow load, a wind load, an earthquake load, an earth pressure, and a water pressure specified in the Building Standards Law.

The wood used for the supporting wood part 1 is not particularly limited, and general woods such as red pine, cypress, karamatsu, cedar, hinoki cypress, chestnut, hemlock, spruce, rice hiba, and rice pine can be mentioned.
From the viewpoint of adjusting the humidity in the room, it is preferable to use a so-called solid wood cut out from a log for the supporting wood portion 1.

In the double structural material according to the first embodiment, the covering building material portion 2A is a hollow square columnar having a hollow portion of a square columnar column. The supporting timber portion 1 is housed in the hollow portion in a state of being in contact with the covering building material portion 2A.
Further, the covering building material portion 2A is formed by connecting a plurality of assembled block materials to each other. Therefore, the covering building material portion 2A can be easily attached to the supporting timber portion 1 by connecting the connecting portions of the laminated block materials, and conversely, the supporting timber is separated by separating the connecting portions of the laminated lumber members. The covering building material portion can be easily disassembled with respect to the portion 1.

Here, the thickness H1 of the side portion (glulam block material) of the covering building material portion 2A is preferably 20 mm to 200 mm.
If the thickness H1 is less than 20 mm, the influence of an external impact, fire, etc. may affect the supporting wood portion 1 as compared with the case where the thickness H1 is within the above range, and if the thickness H1 exceeds 200 mm. As compared with the case where the thickness H1 is within the above range, the weight is increased, so that there is a drawback that workability is deteriorated and the cost is increased.

FIG. 2 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a support timber portion and a laminated block material of a disassembled covering building material portion in the double structural material according to the first embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 2, the covering building material portion 2A can be divided into four L-shaped assembly block materials 21, 22, 23, 24. That is, the hollow square columnar covering building material portion 2A can be separated in the vicinity of substantially the middle of each side portion of the supporting timber portion 1.
For convenience, the lower left laminated block material shown in FIG. 2 is the first laminated block material 21, the upper left laminated block material is the second laminated block material 22, and the upper right laminated block material is the third laminated block material 23. The laminated block material on the lower right is also referred to as the fourth laminated block material 24.

In the covering building material portion 2A, the first laminated block material 21 has a convex portion 21a at the end on the fourth laminated block material 24 side and a concave portion 21b at the end on the second laminated block material 22 side. .. The second assembled block material 22 has a convex portion 22a at the end on the first assembled block material 21 side, and has a concave portion 22b at the end on the third assembled block material 23 side. The third laminated block material 23 has a convex portion 23a at the end on the second assembled block material 22 side, and the end on the fourth assembled block material 24 side has a stepped shape. The fourth laminated block material 24 has a recess 24b at the end on the first assembled block material 21 side, and the end on the third assembled block material 23 side has a stepped shape.

The convex portion 21a of the first assembled block member 21 can be fitted into the concave portion 24b of the fourth assembled block member 24. The convex portion 22a of the second assembled block member 22 can be fitted into the concave portion 21b of the first assembled block member 21. The convex portion 23a of the third assembled block member 23 can be fitted into the concave portion 22b of the second assembled block member 22. In addition, it is preferable that the fitting relationship between them is a tight fitting.
Further, the stepped end of the third laminated block member 23 and the stepped end of the fourth assembled block member 24 are in opposite directions, and by abutting them, the shapes match. ing.

Therefore, in the double structural material A, the stepped ends of the third laminated lumber 23 facing each other and the stepped ends of the fourth laminated lumber 24 are brought into contact with each other, and the laminated block materials 21 and 22 are brought into contact with each other. By fitting the convex portions and the concave portions corresponding to each other of 23, 23, 24, the covering building material portion 2A of the hollow square pillar is formed on the outside of the supporting timber portion 1.
In this way, since the covering building material portion 2A connects the assembled block materials 21, 22, 23, 24 to each other by using the convex portions and the concave portions, the connection is strengthened without being accidentally disengaged. be able to.
Further, when fitting the convex portion and the concave portion, and when bringing the stepped ends into contact with each other, an adhesive may be applied, and both are fixed with a fixing tool such as a screw or a nail. May be good. In this case, the two can be more firmly connected. When the adhesive is not used or the fixture is not used, the laminated block materials can be easily attached to and detached from each other.

Each assembled block material 21, 22, 23, 24 is made of a plurality of small piece plates firmly bonded to each other. As a result, the covering building material portion 2A can be made to have sufficient strength.
Here, as the small piece plate-like body, wood (solid wood), synthetic wood, non-combustible wood, single plate laminated material (LVL), plywood, plate-shaped laminated lumber and the like are preferably used.
Further, the thickness H2 of the small piece plate-like body is preferably 5 mm to 50 mm from the viewpoint of ease of handling and ease of production.

Each of the assembled block materials 21, 22, 23, 24 forms a corner portion of a first laminated body in which the surfaces are bonded to each other so that one ends of small plate-like bodies having different lengths in the width direction are aligned (another). ) The first laminated body is a second laminated body that is adhered so as to be perpendicular to the ends of the small plate-shaped bodies, and the surfaces are bonded to each other so that one ends of the small plate-shaped bodies having different lengths in the width direction are aligned. It is obtained by adhering the surfaces so as to be perpendicular to the side surfaces of the above surface and adhering the surfaces to the small piece plate-like body forming the corner portion.
In the double structural material A according to the first embodiment, three small piece plates are laminated as the first laminated body, and two small plate-like bodies are laminated as the second laminated body. I'm letting you.

As described above, in the assembled block materials 21, 22, 23, 24 constituting the covering building material portion 2A, small piece plates having different lengths in the width direction of the covering building material portion 2A are used. The ends can be easily stepped.
Further, by projecting the central small piece plate-shaped body, a convex portion can be formed at the end portion of the assembled block material, and conversely, by projecting the front and rear small piece plate-shaped bodies, the end portion of the assembled block material is formed. A recess can be formed in.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing a state in which the convex portion of one laminated block material is fitted into the concave portion of the other laminated block material in the double structural material according to the first embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 3, in the covering building material portion 2A, the convex portions extending in the vertical direction formed by projecting the central small piece plate-like body of one assembled block material are formed on both front and rear sides of the other assembled block material. The assembled block materials are connected to each other by being strongly pushed into and fitted into the recesses extending in the vertical direction formed by projecting the small piece plate-like body of the above. As a result, the assembled block materials 21, 22, 23, 24 can be firmly connected to each other.
At this time, it is preferable that the small piece plate-like body forming the convex portion is provided with rounded corners on both sides of the convex portion in order to facilitate fitting into the concave portion. It should be noted that such roundness may be provided in advance on the small piece plate-like body forming the convex portion when the assembled block material is produced.
Further, at this time, by using an adhesive for the connecting portion, the laminated block materials can be more firmly connected to each other, and by not using an adhesive, the laminated block materials can be easily disassembled. .. Similarly, the assembled block materials can be firmly connected to each other by fixing the connecting parts with a fixing tool such as a screw or a nail, and the assembled block materials can be easily disassembled by not using the fixing tool. It will be possible.

In the double structure A, as described above, the supporting timber portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2A are formed independently of each other, so that the covering building material portion 2A can be easily removed from the supporting timber portion. ..
For example, as a method of removing the covering building material portion 2A, the covering building material portion 2A may be removed from the supporting timber portion 1 by separating the laminated block materials fitted by the convex portion and the concave portion, and the covering building material portion 2A may be removed. The covering building material portion 2A may be removed from the supporting timber portion 1 by cutting only 2A in the vertical direction and separating and breaking it.
On the other hand, as a method of attaching the covering building material portion 2A, the covering building material portion 2A may be attached by fitting the convex portion and the concave portion of the laminated block material to each other from the outside of the supporting timber portion 1.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the double structural material according to the present invention will be described. The description of matters that overlap with the above will be omitted.
The double structural material B according to the second embodiment is an example when used as a pillar, similarly to the double structural material A according to the first embodiment described above.
The double structural material B includes a supporting timber portion 1 which is wood for supporting a load, and a covering building material portion 2B arranged outside the supporting timber portion 1 so that the periphery of the supporting timber portion 1 is not exposed. And. That is, the double structural material B has a structure in which the covering building material portion 2B surrounds the supporting timber portion 1 in the horizontal direction.
Further, the covering building material portion 2B is formed independently so as to be removable from the supporting timber portion. The supporting timber portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2B are in contact with each other, but are in a non-connected state.
Therefore, the double structural material B according to the second embodiment is the same as the double structural material A according to the first embodiment, except that the structure of the covering building material portion 2B is different.

FIG. 4 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a support timber portion and a laminated block material of a dismantled covering building material portion in the second embodiment using the double structural material according to the present invention as a pillar.
As shown in FIG. 4, the covering building material portion 2B in the double structural material B according to the second embodiment is composed of four L-shaped laminated block members 21, 22, 23, 25 having corners and their aggregates. It can be divided into linear laminated block materials (hereinafter, referred to as "auxiliary laminated block materials" for convenience) 31, 32, 33, and 34 that connect the block materials. That is, the hollow square columnar covering building material portion 2B can be separated at two locations on each side surface of the supporting timber portion 1.
For convenience, the lower left laminated block material shown in FIG. 4 is the first laminated block material 21, the upper left laminated block material is the second laminated block material 22, and the upper right laminated block material is the third laminated block material 23. The lower right laminated block material is the 5th laminated block material 25, the lower auxiliary laminated block material is the 1st auxiliary laminated block material 31, the left auxiliary laminated block material is the 2nd auxiliary laminated block material 32, and the upper auxiliary laminated block. The material is also referred to as a third auxiliary laminated block material 33, and the auxiliary laminated block material on the right side is also referred to as a fourth auxiliary laminated block material 34.

In the covering building material portion 2B, the first laminated block material 21 has a convex portion 21a at the end on the first auxiliary laminated block material 31 side and a concave portion 21b at the end on the second auxiliary laminated block material 32 side. ing. The second assembled block member 22 has a convex portion 22a at the end on the side of the second auxiliary assembled block member 32, and has a concave portion 22b at the end on the side of the third auxiliary assembled block member 33. The third assembled block member 23 has a convex portion 23a at the end on the third auxiliary assembled block member 33 side, and the end on the fourth auxiliary assembled block member 34 side has a stepped shape. The fifth assembled block member 25 has a convex portion 25a at the end on the side of the fourth auxiliary assembled block member 34, and has a concave portion 25b at the end on the side of the first auxiliary assembled block member 31. The first auxiliary assembled block member 31 has a convex portion 31a at the end on the fifth assembled block member 25 side and a concave portion 31b at the end on the first assembled block member 21 side. The second auxiliary assembled block member 32 has a convex portion 32a at the end on the first assembled block member 21 side and a concave portion 32b at the end on the second assembled block member 22 side. The third auxiliary assembled block member 33 has a convex portion 33a at the end on the second assembled block member 22 side and a concave portion 33b at the end on the third assembled block member 23 side. The fourth auxiliary assembled block material 34 has a recess 34b at the end on the fifth assembled block material 25 side, and the end on the third assembled block material 33 side has a stepped shape.

The convex portion 31a of the first auxiliary assembly block member 31 can be fitted into the concave portion 25b of the fifth assembly block member 25. The convex portion 21a of the first assembled block member 21 can be fitted into the concave portion 31b of the first auxiliary assembled block member 31. The convex portion 32a of the second auxiliary assembly block member 32 can be fitted into the concave portion 21b of the first assembly block member 21. The convex portion 22a of the second assembled block member 22 can be fitted into the concave portion 32b of the second auxiliary assembled block member 32. The convex portion 33a of the third auxiliary assembled block member 33 can be fitted into the concave portion 22b of the second assembled block member 22. The convex portion 23a of the third assembled block member 23 can be fitted into the concave portion 33b of the third auxiliary assembled block member 33. In addition, it is preferable that the fitting relationship between them is a tight fitting.
Further, the stepped end of the third laminated block member 23 and the stepped end of the fourth auxiliary laminated block 34 are in opposite directions, and the shapes are matched by bringing them into contact with each other. It has become.

Therefore, the double structural material B has the same effect as the double structural material A according to the first embodiment, and divides the covering building material portion 2B into smaller parts than the double structural material A according to the first embodiment. As a result, the weight of the assembled block material itself constituting the covering building material portion 2B can be reduced, so that the construction can be performed relatively easily.
Further, by changing the length of the auxiliary laminated block material in the width direction, the covering building material portion 2B can be made to correspond to the size of the supporting timber portion 1.

In each of the assembled block materials 21, 22, 23, 25 and each of the auxiliary assembled block materials 31, 32, 33, 34, a plurality of small piece plates are bonded to each other as in the case of the assembled block material according to the first embodiment. It consists of lumber. In the double structural material B according to the second embodiment, three small plate-like bodies are laminated to form an auxiliary assembly block material.
As a result, the covering building material portion 2B can be made to have sufficient strength.

Each auxiliary assembly block material 31, 32, 33, 34 is obtained by adhering the surfaces of the small piece plate-like bodies to each other.
Further, a convex portion can be formed by projecting the central small piece plate-like body, and conversely, a concave portion can be formed by projecting the front and rear small piece plate-like bodies.
Further, by using the small piece plate-like bodies having different lengths in the width direction, the end portion of the auxiliary assembly block material can be easily made into a stepped shape.

(Third Embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment of the double structural material according to the present invention will be described. The description of matters that overlap with the above will be omitted.
FIG. 5 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment using the double structural material according to the present invention as a pillar.
As shown in FIG. 5, the double structural material C according to the third embodiment is an example when used as a pillar, similarly to the double structural material A according to the first embodiment described above.
The double structural material C includes a supporting timber portion 1 which is wood for supporting a load, and a covering building material portion 2A arranged outside the supporting timber portion 1 so that the periphery of the supporting timber portion 1 is not exposed. And a space S provided between the support timber portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2A. That is, in the double structural material C, the covering building material portion 2A surrounds the supporting timber portion 1 in the horizontal direction, and a space S is provided between the supporting timber portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2A. There is.
Therefore, the double structural material C according to the third embodiment has the double structural material A according to the first embodiment, except that a space S is provided between the support timber portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2A. Is the same as.

In the double structural material C, the shortest distance H3 between the supporting timber portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2A in the space S is preferably 1 mm to 20 mm. If the shortest distance H3 between the supporting timber portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2A is within this range, it does not necessarily have to be constant in all spaces S.

In the double structural material C, since the space S is provided between the supporting timber portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2A, the supporting timber portion and the covering building material portion are not in direct contact with each other. Therefore, by using the space S, it is easy to remove the covering building material portion 2A. Further, when the covering building material portion 2A is removed, the covering building material portion 2A does not interfere with the supporting wood portion 1, so that it is possible to further suppress the influence of damage or the like.
Further, the supporting wood portion 1 can exert a function of adjusting the humidity in the room through the air in the space S. Therefore, for example, if the supporting wood portion 1 is made of solid wood, the humidity in the room can be adjusted more efficiently.
Further, in the event of a fire, even if the covering building material portion 2A is heated, the heat is cut off in the space S, so that the heat can be suppressed from being transferred to the supporting wood portion 1. ..

(Fourth Embodiment)
Next, a fourth embodiment of the double structural material according to the present invention will be described. The description of matters that overlap with the above will be omitted.
FIG. 6 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a fourth embodiment using the double structural member according to the present invention as a pillar.
As shown in FIG. 6, the double-structured material D according to the fourth embodiment is an example when used as a pillar, similarly to the double-structured material A according to the first embodiment described above.
The double structural material D includes a supporting timber portion 1 which is wood for supporting a load, and a covering building material portion 2A arranged outside the supporting timber portion 1 so that the periphery of the supporting timber portion 1 is not exposed. And an adhesive layer V made of an adhesive provided between the supporting timber portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2A. That is, in the double structural material D, the covering building material portion 2A surrounds the supporting timber portion 1 in the horizontal direction, and the adhesive layer V is provided between the supporting timber portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2A. ing. Although the adhesive layer V is provided between the supporting wood portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2A, the supporting wood portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2A are not integrated.
Therefore, the double structural material D according to the fourth embodiment is the double structural material according to the first embodiment except that the adhesive layer V is provided between the support timber portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2A. Same as A.

Here, the adhesive is not particularly limited and can be used as long as it can be attached to each other and can be peeled off later.
Specific examples thereof include known adhesives such as rubber-based, acrylic-based, silicone-based, and urethane-based.
Further, the adhesive may be provided on the entire surface of the outer peripheral surface of the supporting wood portion 1 or the inner peripheral surface of the covering building material portion 2E as long as it is between the supporting wood portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2A. , May be partially provided.

In the double structural material D, since the adhesive layer V is provided between the supporting timber portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2A, the covering building material portion 2A becomes unstable with respect to the supporting timber portion 1 and wobbles and displaces. Can be prevented.
Further, the covering building material portion 2A can be peeled off from the supporting timber portion 1. When the covering building material portion 2A is removed, the adhesive layer V acts as a cushioning material, so that it is possible to further suppress the influence of damage or the like on the supporting wood portion 1.

(Fifth Embodiment)
Next, a fifth embodiment of the double structural material according to the present invention will be described. The description of matters that overlap with the above will be omitted.
FIG. 7 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a fifth embodiment using the double structural member according to the present invention as a pillar.
As shown in FIG. 7, the double structural material E according to the fifth embodiment is an example when used as a pillar, similarly to the double structural material A according to the first embodiment described above.
The double structural material E is a supporting timber portion 1 which is wood for supporting a load, and a covering building material portion 2A arranged outside the supporting timber portion 1 so that the periphery of the supporting timber portion 1 is not exposed. And a plurality of spacers 3 sandwiched between the supporting timber portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2A. That is, in the double structural material E, the covering building material portion 2A surrounds the supporting timber portion 1 in the horizontal direction, and a space S is provided between the supporting timber portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2A. A plurality of spacers 3 are provided in the space S.
Therefore, in the double structural material E according to the fifth embodiment, a space S is provided between the support timber portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2A, and a plurality of spacers 3 are provided in the space S. Other than that, it is the same as the double structural material A according to the first embodiment.

Here, the spacer 3 has a flat plate shape, and is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the supporting wood portion 1 or the inner peripheral surface of the covering building material portion 2A via an adhesive.
Examples of the material of the spacer 3 include inorganic materials such as gypsum board and calcium silicate board, plywood, single board laminated material (LVL), wood materials such as sawn timber, and non-combustible fibers such as glass wool, rock wool and cellulose fiber. Foamed resin-based materials such as based materials, polystyrene foam, hard urethane foam, and phenol foam are preferably used.
Among these, the spacer 3 is preferably a wood-based material, a non-combustible fiber-based material, or a foamed resin-based material from the viewpoint of being difficult to transfer heat and having so-called high heat insulating properties. In particular, it is preferable to select a material having a thermal conductivity of 0.5 W / (m · K) or less for the spacer 3. In this case, even if the covering building material portion 2A is heated by a fire or the like, heat transfer to the supporting timber portion 1 can be reliably suppressed.
Further, the spacer 3 is preferably an inorganic material or a non-combustible fiber material from the viewpoint that it is nonflammable and does not burn itself.

The size of the spacer 3 is preferably 10 mm to 100 mm in length and 10 mm to 100 mm in width.
The thickness of the spacer 3 is preferably 1 mm to 20 mm. The thickness corresponds to the shortest distance H3 between the supporting timber portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2A in the space S.
In the double structural material E, from the viewpoint of easy removal of the covering building material portion 2A, the ratio of the volume of the spacer 3 to the volume of the space S is preferably 50% or less.
Further, in order to reduce the heat received in the event of a fire, it is preferable that the shortest distance H4 from the side end portion 1A of the supporting wood portion 1 to the spacer 3 is 30 mm or more.

8 (a) and 8 (b) are explanatory views for explaining the position where the spacer is attached in the double-structured lumber according to the fifth embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 8A, the spacers 3 are attached to, for example, the four corners of the outer peripheral surface of the supporting wood portion 1.
Further, as shown in FIG. 8B, when the length of the support timber portion 1 in the longitudinal direction exceeds about 1 m, in addition to the four corners of the support timber portion 1, the support timber portion 1 is substantially in the middle in the longitudinal direction. Spacers 3 are further attached so as to form a pair on the left and right at the position of. When the length of the supporting wood portion 1 becomes longer, it is preferable to further attach the spacer 3.
In the double structural material E, the distance H5 between the upper spacer 3 and the lower spacer 3 among the adjacent spacers 3 is preferably 100 cm or less.
When the distance H5 between the upper spacer and the lower spacer exceeds 100 cm, the covering building material portion is distorted when it repeatedly absorbs moisture and dries for a long period of time as compared with the case where the distance H5 is within the above range. May occur.

In the double structural material E, since the space S is provided between the supporting timber portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2A, it is easy to remove the covering building material portion 2A by using the space S. Further, when the covering building material portion 2A is removed, it is possible to further suppress the influence of damage or the like on the supporting timber portion 1.
Further, the supporting wood portion 1 can exert a function of adjusting the humidity in the room through the air in the space S. Therefore, for example, if the supporting wood portion 1 is made of solid wood, the humidity in the room can be adjusted more efficiently.
Further, since the space S is provided with the spacer 3, the thickness of the spacer 3 ensures that the space is not crushed.
Furthermore, since the covering building material portion 2A is supported by the supporting timber portion 1 via the spacer 3, it is possible to prevent the covering building material portion 2A from becoming unstable and wobbling and being displaced with respect to the supporting timber portion 1. Can be done.

(Sixth Embodiment)
Next, a sixth embodiment of the double structural material according to the present invention will be described.
FIG. 9 is a partially transparent perspective view showing a sixth embodiment using the double structural material according to the present invention as a beam.
As shown in FIG. 9, the double structural member F according to the sixth embodiment is an example when it is used as a beam.
The double structural material F is a supporting timber portion 1 which is wood for supporting a load, and a covering building material portion 2C arranged outside the supporting timber portion 1 so that the periphery of the supporting timber portion 1 is not exposed. And. That is, the double structural material F has a structure in which the covering building material portion 2C surrounds the side surface and the lower surface of the supporting timber portion 1.
Further, the covering building material portion 2C is formed independently so as to be removable from the supporting timber portion 1. The supporting timber portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2C are in contact with each other, but are in a non-connected state.
By the way, the covering building material portion 2C is not provided on the upper surface of the double structural material F and the side surfaces at both left and right ends, but when the double structural material F is used as a beam, the upper surface is another floor (slab) T or the like. Since it is joined with building materials and the left and right sides are joined with other building materials such as beams (beams), columns or walls, as a result, the upper surface of the double-layered lumber F and the left and right side surfaces are not exposed. Become.

In the double structural material F, since the covering building material portion 2C is arranged on the outside of the supporting timber portion 1, the supporting timber portion 1 is not affected from the outside. Therefore, the supporting timber portion 1 can support the load for a long period of time without being damaged.
Further, in the double structural material F, since the supporting timber portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2C are not connected to each other, the covering building material portion 2C is damaged to the supporting timber portion 1 when the covering building material portion 2C is removed. It is possible to suppress the influence of.
Further, when the outer peripheral portion of the double structural material F is damaged or the outer peripheral portion of the double structural material F is deteriorated, the covering building material portion 2C forming the outer peripheral portion is removed from the supporting timber portion 1 and another covering building material portion is removed. Can be returned to the original state relatively easily by attaching the support timber portion 1 to the support timber portion 1. That is, only the covering building material portion 2C can be replaced.

(7th Embodiment)
Next, a seventh embodiment of the double structural material according to the present invention will be described.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a seventh embodiment using the double structural material according to the present invention as a wall.
As shown in FIG. 10, the double structural material G according to the third embodiment is an example when it is used as a wall.
The double structural material G includes a supporting timber portion 1 which is wood for supporting a load, and a covering building material portion 2D arranged outside the supporting timber portion so that the periphery of the supporting timber portion 1 is not exposed. To be equipped with. That is, the double structural material G has a structure in which the covering building material portion 2D surrounds the supporting timber portion 1 so as to sandwich the side surface thereof.
Further, the covering building material portion 2D is formed independently so as to be removable from the supporting timber portion 1. The supporting timber portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2C are in contact with each other, but are in a non-connected state.
By the way, the covering building material portion 2D is not provided on the upper surface, the lower surface and the side surfaces of both left and right ends of the double structural material G, but when the double structural material G is used as a wall, the upper surface and the lower surface are beams or floors (slabs). ), Etc., and the side surfaces at both left and right ends are joined with other building materials such as columns or walls. As a result, the upper surface, lower surface, and left and right side surfaces of the double structural material G should not be exposed. become.

In the double structural material G, since the covering building material portion 2D is arranged on the outside of the supporting timber portion 1, the supporting timber portion 1 is not affected from the outside. Therefore, the supporting timber portion 1 can support the load for a long period of time without being damaged.
Further, in the double structural material G, since the supporting timber portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2D are not connected to each other, the covering building material portion 2D is damaged to the supporting timber portion 1 when the covering building material portion 2D is removed. It is possible to suppress the influence of.
Further, when the outer peripheral portion of the double structural material G is damaged or the outer peripheral portion of the double structural material G is deteriorated, the covering building material portion 2D forming the outer peripheral portion is removed from the supporting timber portion 1 and another covering building material portion is removed. Can be returned to the original state relatively easily by attaching the support timber portion 1 to the support timber portion 1. That is, only the covering building material portion 2D can be replaced.

Although the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.

In the double structural members A to G according to the first to seventh embodiments, the supporting timber portion 1 is a square columnar timber, but the present invention is not limited to this as long as it can support the load. That is, the supporting wood portion 1 may be a polygonal column such as a triangular column, a pentagonal column, or a hexagonal column, or may be a columnar shape.
Further, although the covering building material portion has a hollow square columnar hollow portion, the shape of the hollow portion and the appearance of the covering building material portion can be arranged so that the periphery of the supporting wood portion 1 is not exposed. Is not limited to this.
Therefore, it is not always necessary to match the appearance shape of the supporting wood portion 1 with the shape of the hollow portion of the covering building material portion.

In the double structural materials A to G according to the first to seventh embodiments, solid wood is used as the supporting wood portion 1, but it is made of plywood, single plate laminated material (LVL), laminated lumber, or the like. There may be.

In the double structural materials A to G according to the first to seventh embodiments, a heat shield film is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the supporting timber portion 1 or the inner peripheral surface of the covering building material portions 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D. It may have been. In this case, since heat can be radiated, heating of the supporting wood portion 1 is suppressed.
As the heat shield film 5, for example, a film formed of a heat shield paint, an aluminum foil, a tin foil, or the like is used.

In the double structural materials A to G according to the first to seventh embodiments, the covering building material portions 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D are formed by connecting a plurality of laminated block materials to each other. Not limited.
For example, as the covering building material part, in addition to the laminated block material, wood-based materials such as wood, synthetic wood, non-combustible wood, single board laminated material (LVL), medium density fiber board (MDF), particle board, and wood wool cement board. Materials, gypsum board, calcium silicate board, flexible board, inorganic board materials such as cement board, phenol foam heat insulating board, non-combustible heat insulating molded board such as calcium carbonate foam, rock wool, glass wool, ceramic fiber, etc. Matte non-combustible fiber-based materials, ALC panels, extruded cement boards, cement-based materials such as concrete blocks, flame-retardant heat-insulating molded boards such as polystyrene foam and hard urethane foam, or composite materials thereof. It may be adopted.

11 (a) to 11 (c) are horizontal cross-sectional views showing an example in which a gypsum board is used instead of a laminated block material as a covering building material portion in the double structural material according to another embodiment.
The covering building material portion 2E shown in FIG. 11 (a) is formed by preparing two blocks of gypsum board bonded together and fitting the concave portion and the convex portion at two locations. The covering building material portion 2F shown in is prepared by preparing three blocks of laminated gypsum board, fitting the concave portion and the convex portion at two places, and bringing the stepped ends into contact with each other at one place. In the covering building material portion 2G shown in FIG. 11 (c), four blocks of laminated gypsum board are prepared, the concave portion and the convex portion are fitted at three points, and the stepped ends are fitted with one. It is abutted at a point. As described above, the covering building material portion may be formed by connecting a plurality of block-shaped gypsum boards.

In the double structural materials A to G according to the first to seventh embodiments, the assembled block material is composed of a plurality of small piece plate-like bodies bonded to each other, but the number of small piece plate-like bodies to be bonded together. Is not particularly limited.
Further, at this time, although small plate-like bodies having different lengths in the width direction are adopted, those having the same length in the width direction may be included, and all having the same length in the width direction are used. You may.

In the double structural members A to G according to the first to seventh embodiments, concave portions, convex portions, stepped portions and the like are provided on the side surfaces of the end portions of the assembled block members in order to connect them to each other. , Not necessarily required.
(A) to (c) of FIG. 12 show an example in which a solid wood is used as a covering building material portion instead of a laminated block material in the double structural material according to another embodiment, and the shape of the end portion of the joint portion is different. It is a horizontal sectional view.
As shown in FIGS. 12A to 12C, in the double-structured material, the side surface of the end portion of the solid wood is formed as an inclined flat surface in a top view, and these surfaces are adhered to each other to form the solid wood. It is also possible to connect them together. The inclined flat surface of one solid wood and the inclined flat surface of the other solid wood are brought into contact with each other so that the shapes match.
That is, in the covering building material portion 2H shown in FIG. 12 (a), two blocks of solid wood bonded together are prepared, and the inclined planes are brought into contact with each other at two points, and the inclined planes are brought into contact with each other at two points. The covering building material portion 2I shown in) is prepared by preparing three blocks of solid wood bonded together and bringing the inclined planes into contact with each other at three points. The covering building material portion 2J shown in FIG. 12C is shown in FIG. Is prepared by preparing three bonded solid woods and one solid wood, and bringing the inclined flat surfaces into contact with each other at four points.

In addition, in this specification, a non-combustible wood is a wood to which a non-combustible component is added.
Examples of such non-combustible components include boron compounds such as boric acid, sodium borate, potassium borate, and ammonium borate, phosphoric acid compounds such as ammonium phosphate and guanidine phosphate, nitrogen compounds, halogen compounds such as ammonium bromide, and silicon. Examples include compounds.
Further, for example, the treatment liquid described in Japanese Patent No. 3485914 can be adopted.

The double structural material D according to the fourth embodiment includes an adhesive layer V made of an adhesive provided between the supporting wood portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2A, but instead of the adhesive, a resorcinol resin A known adhesive such as an adhesive may be used. However, in this case, in order not to interfere with the removal of the covering building material portion 2A, a method such as point bonding in which the bonding area is as small as possible should be adopted.
Further, the double structural material E according to the fifth embodiment includes a plurality of spacers 3 sandwiched between the support wood portion 1 and the covering building material portion 2A, and double-sided tape, a touch fastener, or the like is used as the spacer 3. You may.

The double structural material according to the present invention is suitably used as a building material that is a framework of a building, that is, a column, a beam, a wall, a foundation, or the like.
According to the double structural material according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the supporting timber portion from being damaged, and it is possible to easily remove and replace only the covering building material portion, and at the time of replacement, the supporting timber portion is damaged or the like. It is possible to suppress the influence.

1 ... Supporting wood part 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F, 2G, 2H, 2I, 2J ... Covering building material part 21 ... 1st laminated block material (glulam block material)
21a, 22a, 23a, 25a, 31a, 32a, 33a ... Convex parts 21b, 22b, 24b, 25b, 31b, 32b, 33b, 34b ... Recessed parts 22 ... Second assembled block material (assembled block material) )
23 ... 3rd assembly block material (assembly block material)
24 ... 4th assembly block material (assembly block material)
25 ... 5th assembly block material (assembly block material)
3 ... Spacer 31 ... 1st auxiliary laminated block material (assembled block material)
32 ... 2nd auxiliary laminated block material (assembled block material)
33 ... 3rd auxiliary laminated block material (assembled block material)
34 ... 4th auxiliary laminated block material (assembled block material)
5 ... Heat shield film A, B, C, D, E, F, G ... Double structural material H1, H2 ... Thickness H3 ... Width H4 ... Shortest distance H5 ... Distance R ... corner S ... space

Claims (6)

A double-layered structural material used as a building material
Supporting wood part to support the load and
A covering building material portion arranged outside the supporting timber portion and a covering building material portion arranged outside the supporting timber portion so that the periphery of the supporting timber portion is not exposed.
With
The covering building material portion is formed independently so as to be removable from the supporting timber portion .
The covering building material portion is formed by connecting a plurality of assembled block materials to each other.
The assembled block material has a convex portion or a concave portion and has a convex portion or a concave portion.
The convex portion of one assembled block material is fitted into the concave portion of the other assembled block material at at least two points facing each other.
The assembled block material has a stepped stepped portion at one position in the circumferential direction of the covering building material portion.
The stepped portion of the assembled block material having the stepped portion is in contact with the stepped portion of the other assembled block material having the stepped portion.
A double-structured material in which the laminated block material is made of small piece plates of different lengths. An adhesive layer made of an adhesive is provided between the supporting wood portion and the covering building material portion .
The double structural material according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive layer can be peeled off from the supporting wood portion or the covering building material portion. A space is provided between the supporting timber portion and the covering building material portion .
In the space, a flat plate-shaped spacer sandwiched between the supporting timber portion and the covering building material portion is provided.
The size of the spacer is 10 mm to 100 mm in length, 10 mm to 100 mm in width, and 1 mm to 20 mm in thickness.
The ratio of the volume of the spacer to the volume of the space is 50% or less.
The double structural material according to claim 1 , wherein the shortest distance from the side end portion of the supporting timber portion to the spacer is 30 mm or more. The material of the spacer is a non-combustible fiber material and
The double structural material according to claim 3, wherein the spacer has a thermal conductivity of 0.5 W / (m · K) or less. The double structural material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is used as a column, a beam or a wall. The double structural material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the corners on both sides of the convex portion are rounded.

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