JP6936728B2 - Displacement measuring device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a displacement measuring device that measures the relative displacement of two structures.

There is a displacement measuring device that measures the relative displacement that occurs in the seismic isolated layer of a seismic isolated building during an earthquake. For example, in Patent Document 1, in a seismic isolation building in which the upper structure is supported by a seismic isolation layer provided on the lower structure, on the surface of a flat plate-shaped pressure-sensitive sensor installed horizontally on the upper surface of the lower structure. The tip of the touch pen provided on the superstructure is movably contacted, the position of the tip of the touch pen is detected by this pressure sensitive sensor, and the relative displacement generated in the seismic isolation layer of the seismic isolated building is measured. The recording device is disclosed.

However, in this displacement recording device for a seismic isolated building, a pressure sensor having a large area that covers the moving range of the tip of the touch pen must be installed on the upper surface of the substructure. That is, a large space is required for installing the displacement recording device.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-233805

In consideration of such facts, it is an object of the present invention that the displacement measuring device can be installed in a small space.

According to the first aspect of the invention, in a displacement measuring device arranged between a first structure and a second structure that move relative to each other, a first aspect is made on a surface facing the first structure facing the second structure. A first connecting portion that rotatably connects one end of a rod-shaped member, a second connecting portion that rotatably connects an end of a second rod-shaped member to the other end of the first rod-shaped member, and the first structure. A holding member attached to the facing surface of the second structure facing the body and holding the second rod-shaped member so as to be movable in the out-of-plane direction of the facing surface of the second structure, and the first rod-shaped member. A displacement measuring device including a first measuring means for measuring the rotation angle of one end or the other end of a member.

In the invention of the first aspect, one end of the first rod-shaped member is rotatably connected to the facing surface of the first structure facing the second structure, and the facing surface of the second structure facing the first structure. The other end of the first rod-shaped member is rotatably connected to the end of the second rod-shaped member that is movably held in the out-of-plane direction by the holding member attached to the. Thereby, the relative displacement between the first structure and the second structure can be replaced with the magnitude of the rotation angle of one end or the other end of the first rod-shaped member.

Therefore, the relative displacement between the first structure and the second structure is based on the rotation angle of one end or the other end of the first rod-shaped member measured by the first measuring means and the length of the first rod-shaped member. This relative displacement can be measured by finding. Therefore, the displacement measuring device can be installed in a small space.

According to the second aspect of the invention, in the displacement measuring device of the first aspect, the first structure is one of the superstructure and the substructure, and the second structure is the superstructure and the substructure. The other of the objects, the first measuring means measures the rotation angle of one end or the other end of the first rod-shaped member around two horizontal axes.

In the invention of the second aspect, the horizontal two axes are based on the rotation angle of one end or the other end of the first rod-shaped member around the horizontal two axes measured by the first measuring means and the length of the first rod-shaped member. This relative displacement can be measured by obtaining the relative displacement between the first structure and the second structure with respect to the direction.

The invention of the third aspect includes a second measuring means for measuring the moving distance of the second rod-shaped member in the out-of-plane direction with respect to the holding member in the displacement measuring device of the first or second aspect.

In the invention of the third aspect, the rotation angle of one end or the other end of the first rod-shaped member measured by the first measuring means, the length of the first rod-shaped member, and the holding member measured by the second measuring means. This relative displacement can be measured by obtaining the relative displacement between the first structure and the second structure with respect to the out-of-plane direction based on the moving distance of the second rod-shaped member in the out-of-plane direction.

Since the present invention has the above configuration, the displacement measuring device can be installed in a small space.

It is a front view which shows the displacement measuring apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows the 1st connection part which concerns on embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. It is a front view which shows the 2nd connection part which concerns on embodiment of this invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. It is a front view which shows the displacement measuring apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows the variation of the 1st connection part which concerns on embodiment of this invention. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. It is a front view which shows the variation of the 2nd connection part which concerns on embodiment of this invention. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG. It is a front view which shows the variation of the displacement measuring apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, the displacement measuring device according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.

As shown in the front view of FIG. 1, the displacement measuring device 10 of the present embodiment has a superstructure 16 as a first structure and a second structure in the foundation seismic isolation layer 14 provided in the seismic isolation building 12. It is arranged between the substructure 18 as a body.

The superstructure 16 is seismically isolated and supported on the substructure 18 by a seismic isolation device (not shown), whereby the superstructure 16 and the substructure 18 move relative to each other in the lateral direction during an earthquake. do. FIG. 1 shows a displacement measuring device 10 in an initial state arranged on the foundation seismic isolation layer 14 in which no interlayer deformation has occurred.

The displacement measuring device 10 includes a first rod-shaped member 20, a first connecting portion 22, a second rod-shaped member 24, a second connecting portion 26, a holding member 28, and a first measuring means 30. The first rod-shaped member 20 and the second rod-shaped member 24 are formed of round steel pipes. The first rod-shaped member 20 and the second rod-shaped member 24 may be any rod-shaped member. For example, the first rod-shaped member 20 and the second rod-shaped member 24 may be formed of a square steel pipe or an angle member.

As shown in the front view of FIGS. 1 and 2, and FIG. 3 which is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 2, the first connecting portion 22 faces the upper surface 34 of the lower structure 18 by the universal joint mechanism 32. An upper end portion 38 as one end portion of the first rod-shaped member 20 is rotatably and non-rotatably connected around two horizontal axes to a lower surface 36 as an opposing surface of the upper structure 16. In this example, the two horizontal axes, and the X ₁ axis as a horizontal axis, a Y ₁ axis as a horizontal axis perpendicular to the X ₁ axis, a vertical axis, a vertical axis orthogonal to the X ₁ axis and Y ₁ axis It is the Z ₁ axis.

That is, the first connecting portion 22 rotatably connects the upper end portion 38 as one end portion of the first rod-shaped member 20 to the lower surface 36 of the superstructure 16 facing the upper surface 34 of the lower structure 18.

As shown in the front view of FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 which is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 4, the second connecting portion 26 has a lower end portion as the other end portion of the first rod-shaped member 20 by the universal joint mechanism 40. An upper end portion 44 as an end portion of the second rod-shaped member 24 is connected to 42 so as to be rotatable around two horizontal axes and non-rotatably around a vertical axis. As a result, the second rod-shaped member 24 is suspended from the second connecting portion 26 in the substantially vertical direction. In this example, the two horizontal axes, and X ₂ axis as a horizontal axis, and a horizontal axis orthogonal to the X ₂ axis Y ₂ axis, a vertical axis, a vertical axis orthogonal to the X ₂ axis and Y ₂ axis Z ₂ axis.

That is, the second connecting portion 26 rotatably connects the upper end portion 44 as the end portion of the second rod-shaped member 24 to the lower end portion 42 as the other end portion of the first rod-shaped member 20.

The holding member 28 is attached to the upper surface 34 as an opposing surface of the lower structure 18 facing the lower surface 36 of the upper structure 16, and cannot move in the horizontal direction, cannot rotate around the horizontal axis, and in the vertical direction (Z _2). The second rod-shaped member 24 is held so as to be movable in the _{axial direction and rotatable around the Z 2 axis.}

That is, the holding member 28 holds the second rod-shaped member 24 so as to be movable with respect to the out-of-plane direction 46 (Z _{2-axis direction) of the upper surface 34 of the lower structure 18.}

As shown in FIG. 1, the first measuring means 30 is provided in the first connecting portion 22. The first measuring means 30 is configured to have two encoders (not shown) in which shafts are connected to two rotating shafts of the universal joint mechanism 32, respectively, and the upper end portion 38 of the first rod-shaped member 20 is horizontal. Measure the rotation angles α ₁ and β ₁ around the two axes (X ₁ axis and Y ₁ axis) (see FIGS. 2 and 3). That is, of the two encoders constituting the first measuring means 30, one encoder (hereinafter referred to as "first encoder") measures the rotation angle α _{1 around the X 1 axis, and the other encoder (hereinafter referred to as "first encoder") measures the rotation angle α 1.} The rotation angle β _{1 around the Y 1} axis is measured by (referred to as the “second encoder”).

In the displacement measuring device 10, the upper end portion 38 of the first rod-shaped member 20 is rotatably connected to the lower surface 36 of the upper structure 16 and the surface is formed by the holding member 28 attached to the upper surface 34 of the lower structure 18. As shown in the front view of FIG. 6, the lower end portion 42 of the first rod-shaped member 20 is rotatably connected to the upper end portion 44 of the second rod-shaped member 24 held so as to be movable in the outward direction, and as shown in the front view of FIG. When the upper structure 16 and the lower structure 18 move relative to each other in the lateral direction (arrow 48), the relative displacement S between the upper structure 16 and the lower structure 18 is set to the upper end of the first rod-shaped member 20. It can be replaced with the magnitudes of the rotation angles α ₁ and β _{1 of the portion 38.}

_{Therefore, the arithmetic processing is performed based on the rotation angles α 1} and β ₁ of the upper end 38 of the first rod-shaped member 20 measured by the first measuring means 30 and the length L of the first rod-shaped member 20. The relative displacement S between the upper structure 16 and the lower structure 18 can be obtained and the relative displacement S can be measured.

Specifically, when the superstructure 16 and the substructure 18 move relative to each other in the lateral direction during an earthquake _{, the relative displacement S X,} which is a component of the _{relative displacement S in the X 1-} axis direction, is expressed by the equation ( it can be determined by 1), the relative displacement S _Y is a component of Y ₁ relative axial displacement S may be calculated by equation (2). In the displacement behavior of the normal seismic isolation layer (in this example, the foundation seismic isolation layer 14), _{the rotation component about the Z 1} axis of the first connecting portion 22 can be ignored, so that the rotation component around the _{Z 1 axis can be ignored.} Equations (1) and (2) are derived assuming that there is no rotation.

Next, the operation and effect of the displacement measuring device according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.

In the displacement measuring device 10 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the upper end 38 of the first rod-shaped member 20 is rotatably connected to the lower surface 36 of the upper structure 16 and the upper surface of the lower structure 18 is formed. The lower end portion 42 of the first rod-shaped member 20 is rotatably connected to the upper end portion 44 of the second rod-shaped member 24 which is movably held by the holding member 28 attached to the 34 in the out-of-plane direction 46. Thereby, the relative displacement S between the superstructure 16 and the substructure 18 can be replaced with the magnitudes _{of the rotation angles α 1} and β _{1 of the upper end 38 of the first rod-shaped member 20.}

_{Therefore, the rotation angles α 1} and β ₁ of the upper end 38 of the first rod-shaped member 20 measured by the first measuring means 30 (first encoder, second encoder) and the length L of the first rod-shaped member 20 are set. Based on this, the relative displacement S between the superstructure 16 and the substructure 18 can be obtained and the relative displacement S can be measured. Therefore, the displacement measuring device 10 can be installed in a small space.

Further, the horizontal 2 is based on the rotation angles α ₁ and β _{1 around the horizontal 2 axes (X 1} axis and Y ₁ axis) measured by the 1st measuring means 30 and the length L of the 1st rod-shaped member 20. the relative displacement between the upper structure 16 and the lower structure 18 with respect to the axial direction (X ₁ axial direction and Y ₁ axially) S _X, this relative displacement seeking S _Y S _X, can be measured S _Y.

In this way, measuring the inter-story displacement of the seismic isolation layer (in this example, the foundation seismic isolation layer 14) during an earthquake is to monitor the soundness of structural members such as columns and beams that make up the seismic isolation building. , Very effective. For example, from the relative displacement S measured by the displacement measuring device 10, the maximum value of the interlayer displacement of the seismic isolation layer is grasped to determine the degree of damage to the structural member, or the cumulative plastic deformation is calculated to determine the degree of fatigue of the structural member. It is possible to perform various evaluations for judging the soundness of structural members, such as verifying.

Further, in the displacement measuring device 10 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the upper end portion 38 of the first rod-shaped member 20 measured by the first measuring means 30 (first encoder, second encoder) The relative displacement S is measured with high accuracy by obtaining the relative displacement S between the upper structure 16 and the lower structure 18 based on the rotation angles α ₁ and β _{1 and the length L of the first rod-shaped member 20.} can do.

For example, in the case of a conventional displacement meter that measures horizontal displacement and converts this horizontal displacement into a voltage output, if the maximum value of horizontal displacement is 600 mm and the maximum value of voltage is 10 V, the resolution is 0.01 V. It is as low as 0.6 mm. On the other hand, in the displacement measuring device 10 of the present embodiment, if the length L of the first rod-shaped member 20 is 1500 mm and an encoder (first encoder, second encoder) capable of measuring 365 ° in 21 bits is used, the resolution is resolved. Is as high as 1500 × sin (365/2 ²¹ ) = 0.005 mm.

Further, in the displacement measuring device 10 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the holding member 28 has a second rod shape so as to be movable in _{the out-of-plane direction 46 (Z 2-axis direction) of the upper surface 34 of the lower structure 18.} Since the member 24 is held, even if the foundation seismic isolation layer 14 is displaced in the vertical direction, the relative displacement between the superstructure 16 and the substructure 18 is not affected by the relative displacement in the vertical direction. The displacement S can be obtained.

The embodiment of the present invention has been described above.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the state of the displacement measuring device 10 in which the first rod-shaped member 20 is substantially vertical is set as the initial state, and as shown in FIG. 6, the first rod-shaped member 20 is set. In the state of the inclined displacement measuring device 10, the relative displacement S between the upper structure 16 and the lower structure 18 is set to the rotation angles α ₁ , β ₁ of the upper end 38 of the first rod-shaped member 20 and the first rod-shaped member 20. Although an example obtained based on the length L of the above is shown, the state of the displacement measuring device 10 in which the first rod-shaped member 20 is tilted as shown in FIG. 6 may be set as the initial state.

Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, an example in which the first rod-shaped member 20 and the second rod-shaped member 24 are formed of a round steel pipe is shown, but the first rod-shaped member 20 and the second rod-shaped member 24 are Any member with high rigidity may be used.

An error in the length L of the first rod-shaped member 20 caused by bending of the first rod-shaped member 20 and the second rod-shaped member 24 by forming the first rod-shaped member 20 and the second rod-shaped member 24 with a member having high rigidity. And the error in the position of the second connecting portion 26 can be reduced.

Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the rotation angle α _{1 around the horizontal two axes (X 1} axis and Y ₁ axis) of the upper end 38 of the first rod-shaped member 20 by the first measuring means 30. measured beta _1, the rotation angle alpha _1, and beta _1, by performing arithmetic processing based on the length L of the first rod member 20, relative displacement between the upper structure 16 and the lower structure 18 S An example was shown in which the relative displacement S was measured by obtaining the above. The rotation angles α ₂ and β ₂ around the two axes (X ₂ axis and Y ₂ axis) are measured, _{and the first rod-shaped member 20 is based on the rotation angles α 2} and β ₂ and the length L of the first rod-shaped member 20. The relative displacement S between the upper structure 16 and the lower structure 18 may be obtained and the relative displacement S may be measured by performing arithmetic processing by a mathematical formula corresponding to the measurement position of the measuring means 30.

Further, in the present embodiment, an example in which the rotation angles α ₁ and β _{1 around the two horizontal axes (X 1} axis and Y ₁ axis) of the upper end 38 of the first rod-shaped member 20 are measured by the first measuring means 30. As shown, the holding member 28 may be provided with a second measuring means for measuring the moving distance of the second rod-shaped member 24 in the out-of-plane direction 46 with respect to the holding member 28.

In this way, the rotation angles α ₁ , β ₁ and the first _{one around the horizontal two axes (X 1} axis and Y ₁ axis) of the upper end 38 of the first rod-shaped member 20 measured by the first measuring means 30. The upper part with respect to the out-of-plane direction 46 (vertical direction) based on the length L of the rod-shaped member 20 and the moving distance of the second rod-shaped member 24 in the out-of-plane direction 46 with respect to the holding member 28 measured by the second measuring means. This relative displacement can be measured by obtaining the relative displacement between the structure 16 and the substructure 18.

Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, in the first connecting portion 22, the upper end portion 38 of the first rod-shaped member 20 is horizontally placed on the lower surface 36 of the upper structure 16 by the universal joint mechanism 32. It is rotatably connected around two axes (X ₁ axis and Y ₁ axis) and non-rotatably connected around a _{vertical axis (Z 1 axis).} The upper end 44 of the second rod-shaped member 24 is connected to the lower end 42 of 20 so as to be rotatable around _two horizontal axes (X 2 axis and Y ₂ axis) and non-rotatably around a _{vertical axis (Z 2 axis).} However, in the holding member 28, an example in which the second rod-shaped member 24 is held so that it cannot move in the horizontal direction, cannot rotate around the horizontal axis, can move in the vertical direction, and can _{rotate around the vertical axis (Z 2 axis).} As shown, the second rod-shaped member cannot be moved in the horizontal direction, cannot be rotated around the horizontal axis and the vertical axis (Z ₂ axis), and _{can be moved in the vertical direction (Z 2 axis direction) by the holding member 28.} 24 may be held.

In this case, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, which is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. 7, in the first connecting portion 22, the first rod-shaped member 20 is formed on the lower surface 36 of the upper structure 16 by the joint mechanism 50. The upper end portion 38 of the above _{is rotatably connected around two horizontal axes (X 1} axis and Y ₁ axis) and around a vertical axis (Z ₁ axis), and is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD of FIGS. 9 and 9. As shown in FIG. 10, in the second connecting portion 26, the upper end portion 44 of the second rod-shaped member 24 is attached to the lower end portion 42 of the first rod-shaped member 20 by the joint mechanism 52, and the upper end portion 44 of the second rod-shaped member 24 is provided on two horizontal axes (X ₂ axis and Y _2). It is rotatably connected around the axis) and around the vertical axis (Z _{2 axis).}

Further, in the present embodiment, an example is shown in which the first structure to which one end of the first rod-shaped member 20 is connected is the upper structure 16 and the second structure to which the holding member 28 is attached is the lower structure 18. However, the first structure may be the lower structure 18 and the second structure may be the upper structure 16. That is, as shown in the front view of FIG. 11, the displacement measuring device 10 shown in FIG. 1 may be arranged upside down on the foundation seismic isolation layer 14. As described above, the first structure may be one of the superstructure and the substructure, and the second structure may be the other of the superstructure and the substructure.

Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, an example in which the displacement measuring device 10 is arranged on the foundation seismic isolation layer 14 provided in the seismic isolation building 12 is shown, but the displacement measuring device 10 of the present embodiment is , Can be placed between various first and second structures that move relative to each other. For example, the displacement measuring device 10 may be arranged in the intermediate seismic isolation layer provided in the seismic isolation building. Further, for example, the displacement measuring device 10 may be arranged between the first structure and the second structure that move relative to each other in the vertical direction or the oblique direction.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and it goes without saying that the present invention can be implemented in various modes without departing from the gist of the present invention.

10 Displacement measuring device 16 Superstructure (first structure)
18 Substructure (second structure)
20 1st rod-shaped member 22 1st connecting portion 24 2nd rod-shaped member 26 2nd connecting portion 28 Holding member 30 1st measuring means 46 Out-of-plane direction α ₁ , β ₁ Rotation angle

Claims (3)

In the displacement measuring device arranged between the first structure and the second structure that move relative to each other,
A first connecting portion that rotatably connects one end of the first rod-shaped member to the facing surface of the first structure facing the second structure.
A second connecting portion that rotatably connects the end portion of the second rod-shaped member to the other end of the first rod-shaped member,
A holding member attached to the facing surface of the second structure facing the first structure and holding the second rod-shaped member so as to be movable in the out-of-plane direction of the facing surface of the second structure.
A first measuring means for measuring the rotation angle of one end or the other end of the first rod-shaped member, and
Displacement measuring device having. The first structure is one of a superstructure and a substructure, the second structure is the other of the superstructure and the substructure, and the first measuring means is the first. The displacement measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the rotation angle of one end or the other end of the rod-shaped member is measured around two horizontal axes. The displacement measuring device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a second measuring means for measuring the moving distance of the second rod-shaped member in the out-of-plane direction with respect to the holding member.

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