JP6938115B2 - Double skin unit and air conditioning system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a double skin unit and an air conditioning system using the double skin unit.

Conventionally, a double structure of windows and walls called double skin has been known for the purpose of reducing the thermal transmission load of a building, reducing the solar radiation load in summer, and utilizing the solar heat in winter. For example, a general double skin has a structure composed of an outdoor glass (outer glass), an indoor glass (inner glass), and an intermediate layer (hereinafter, referred to as “buffer space”) between them.

Regarding the conventional double skin of this kind, there is, for example, "double skin of a building" (Patent Document 1). This is a building in which the partition materials that partition the interior space and the outside of the building and constitute the outer wall and windows are arranged in double inside and outside at intervals from each other, and an air layer is defined between these partition materials. In the double skin, two upper and lower outdoor vents are provided in the upper part and the lower part of the air layer in communication with the outside of the building, respectively, and the upper part and the lower part of the air layer are provided in communication with the indoor space of the building, respectively. The upper and lower two indoor vents and the upper and lower parts of the air layer are provided, respectively, and either the outdoor vent or the indoor vent is selected in the upper part and the lower part of the air layer to form the air layer. It was equipped with two upper and lower communication switching mechanisms for communication.

According to this conventional technique, either the outdoor space or the indoor space is appropriately selected as the air layer by the upper and lower two communication switching mechanisms provided at the upper part and the lower part of the air layer, depending on the season and conditions. It was designed to communicate with each other to reduce the thermal transmission load and to use solar heat for heating.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2002-256637

However, in the double skin of the prior art, it is necessary to first provide a movable mechanism called a communication switching mechanism in the upper part and the lower part of the air layer in the double skin, which complicates the structure and increases the cost accordingly. Furthermore, in the above-mentioned prior art, when ventilating the room, it is necessary to have a structure in which the inner glass on the indoor side can be opened and closed separately, which further complicates the structure and causes an increase in cost.

The present invention has been made in view of this point, and the flow path in the double skin is devised to reduce the thermal transmission load of the building without providing a movable mechanism in the double skin as in the past, in summer. The purpose is to reduce the solar radiation load, utilize the solar heat in winter, and make ventilation easy, and also to reduce the cost.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a double-skin unit having a double-skin structure having a buffer space between the inner glass on the indoor side, the outer glass on the outdoor side, and the inner glass and the outer glass. It has an upper opening formed in the upper part of the outdoor side of the double skin unit and a lower opening formed in the lower part of the outdoor side of the double skin unit.
A first flow path that communicates the room and the lower opening through the buffer space, a second flow path that communicates the room and the upper opening without passing through the buffer space, and the lower opening. An opening plate provided between the lower chamber leading to the portion and the buffer space and having a large number of openings, an upper chamber located above the buffer space forming the first flow path, and the buffer space. It has other opening plates provided between them and having a large number of openings, and each of the opening plates is characterized in that the opening ratio differs depending on the location so that the airflow velocity in the buffer space becomes uniform. There is.
Further, as another double skin unit, it is a double skin unit having a double skin structure having a buffer space between the inner glass on the indoor side, the outer glass on the outdoor side, and the inner glass and the outer glass, and the double skin unit. It has an upper opening formed in the upper part of the outdoor side of the skin unit and a lower opening formed in the lower part of the outdoor side of the double skin unit.
It has a first flow path that communicates the room and the lower opening through the buffer space, and a second flow path that communicates the room and the upper opening without the buffer space .
An upper chamber is provided above the buffer space forming the first flow path, and another upper chamber is provided between the upper opening forming the second flow path and the duct connection port leading to the indoor side. The upper chamber and the other upper chamber are provided above the cushioning space in a direction parallel to the outer glass surface, and the upper opening and the lower opening are flush with the outer glass. A double skin unit can also be proposed, which is provided above and is characterized in that the upper chamber and the other upper chamber are arranged so as not to overlap in a direction perpendicular to the outer glass surface.

According to the present invention, there is a first flow path that communicates the room and the lower opening through the buffer space, and a second flow that communicates the room and the upper opening without passing through the buffer space. Since it has a road, as will be described in the embodiment described later, it is possible to reduce the thermal transmission load of the building, reduce the summer solar radiation load, and winter solar radiation without providing a movable mechanism in the special double skin unit. The heat can be utilized.

In an air-conditioning system using a plurality of double-skin units, the plurality of double-skin units are installed in the same direction of the building, and during heating operation, outside air is taken in from a room with a small load. with drawing outside air via the buffer space, the indoor air from large chamber load that heating by the heating operation, the buffer space is evacuated via a cooling operation, from the small chamber load It is characterized in that it takes in outside air and exhausts the indoor air that has been cooled by the cooling operation from the room with a large load via the buffer space.

According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the thermal transmission load of a building, reduce the summer solar radiation load, and utilize the winter solar heat without providing a movable mechanism in the double skin as in the past.

The double skin unit according to the embodiment is shown, FIG. 1 (a) is a front view seen from the outside of the building, and FIG. 1 (b) is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1 (a). It is a rear view of the double skin unit of FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 1 (b). FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. 1 (a). The construction of the duct on the back side (indoor side) of the double skin unit of FIG. 1 is shown, FIG. 5 (a) shows a state of a plan view, and FIG. 5 (b) shows a state of the back surface. FIG. 5 is a side sectional view schematically showing a flow path configuration of the double skin unit of FIG. 1. It is a table showing the control method and effect of the solar radiation control type and load control type double skin unit. It is a table showing the control method and effect of the stand-alone double skin unit. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the air-conditioning system which installed the double skin unit of FIG. 1 on the outer wall of a building in a plan view, and showed the operation example in the morning in winter. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the air-conditioning system which installed the double skin unit of FIG. 1 on the outer wall of a building in a plan view, and showed the operation example in the daytime in winter. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the air-conditioning system which installed the double skin unit of FIG. 1 on the outer wall of a building in a plan view, and showed the operation example in the evening of winter. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the air-conditioning system which installed the double skin unit of FIG. 1 on the outer wall of a building in a plan view, and showed the operation example in the morning of summer. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the air-conditioning system which installed the double skin unit of FIG. 1 on the outer wall of a building in a plan view, and showed the operation example in the daytime in summer. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the air-conditioning system which installed the double skin unit of FIG. 1 on the outer wall of a building in a plan view, and showed the operation example in the evening of summer.

Hereinafter, the present embodiment will be described. 1 to 5 show the double skin unit 1 according to the embodiment, and FIG. 1A is a front view of the double skin unit 1, that is, a view seen from the outside of the building to be constructed. 1 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1 (a), and FIG. 2 is a rear view of the double skin unit 1, that is, a view seen from the inside of the building to be constructed. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 1 (b), and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line CC in FIG. 1 (a).

The double skin unit 1 has an outer glass 3 and an inner glass 4 that close the opening of the main body frame 2 having a substantially hollow shape and having a rectangular opening. Of course, the external dimensions can be set arbitrarily, but in this example, the width is 2 to 3 m, the height is 3 m, the thickness is about 200 to 300 mm, and the buffer space S formed between the outer glass 3 and the inner glass 4 is formed. The thickness of is assumed to be about 50 mm to 200 mm.

The upper chambers 20 and 21 and the lower chamber 30 are formed in the upper part of the main body frame 2 of the double skin unit 1. An upper opening plate 22 having a large number of openings is arranged on the lower surface side of the upper chamber 21 and communicates with the buffer space S through the openings. Further, a lower opening plate 31 having a large number of openings is arranged on the upper surface side of the lower chamber 30 and communicates with the buffer space S through the openings. For the upper opening plate 22 and the lower opening plate 31, it is desirable to change the opening ratio depending on the location so that the airflow velocity in the buffer space S becomes uniform.

An upper louver 41 is provided on one side (upper left in FIG. 1) of the front side (outdoor side) of the main body frame 2 of the double skin unit 1, and the front side (outdoor side) of the main body frame 2 is also provided. A lower louver 42 is provided on the other side (lower right in FIG. 1) of the lower part of the louver. Therefore, the upper louver 41 and the lower louver 42 are provided diagonally.

The upper louver 41 communicates with the upper chamber 20 in the main body frame 2. The lower louver 42 communicates with the lower chamber 30 described above in the main body frame 2.

As shown in FIG. 4, a cleaning member 41a composed of an insect net, a filter, etc. is provided in the main body frame 2 inside the upper louver 41, and the upper portion is provided via the cleaning member 41a and the upper louver 41. The chamber 20 and the outdoors are connected. Further, a cleaning member 42a composed of an insect net, a filter, etc. is provided in the main body frame 2 inside the lower louver 42, and the lower chamber 30 communicates with the outside through the cleaning member 42a and the lower louver 42. There is.

Further, on the back side (indoor side) of the main body frame 2, an upper louver inspection port used for maintaining the cleaning member 41a is opened at a position corresponding to the upper louver 41, and this upper louver inspection port is opened. The upper louver inspection plate 41b is fixed to the louver by screwing or the like. Similarly, a lower louver inspection port used for maintaining the cleaning member 42a is opened at a position corresponding to the lower louver 42, and a lower louver inspection plate 42b is screwed to the lower louver inspection port. It is fixed by such as.

At the top of the buffer space S, a space F that is convex upward when viewed from the side surface is formed, and this space F can function as a blind box when a blind is provided. By installing blinds, the amount of solar radiation can be reduced.

Duct connection ports 23 and 33 are provided on the back side (indoor side) of the double skin unit 1 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The duct connection port 23 leads to the upper chamber 20, and the duct connection port 33 leads to the upper chamber 21. As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, ducts are connected to the duct connection ports 23 and 33.

That is, the duct 24 provided with the heat insulating material is connected to the duct connection port 23 leading to the upper chamber 20, and the duct 34 is connected to the duct connection port 33 leading to the upper chamber 21. The duct 34 branches and communicates with the ducts 51 and 52. Further, the duct 24 also leads to the ducts 51 and 52 via the branch duct 25. Motor dampers MD1 and MD2 are provided at the connection portion between the branch duct 25 and the ducts 51 and 52, and motor dampers MD3 and MD4 are provided on the indoor side of the motor dampers MD1 and MD2 in the ducts 51 and 52. .. The motor dampers MD1 and MD2 are for switching the flow path, the motor dampers MD3 and MD4 are for opening and closing, and the opening degree can be adjusted. The motor dampers MD3 and MD4 may be VAVs (variable air volume control units). In this case, the set air volume is given instead of the damper opening.

The configuration, flow path, and the like of the double skin unit 1 according to the above configuration are schematically shown in FIG. That is, a first flow path including a lower louver 42-lower chamber 30-buffer space S-upper chamber 21-duct connection port 33, which is a lower opening formed in the lower part of the outdoor side of the double skin unit 1. A second flow path including an upper louver 41, an upper chamber 20, a duct connection port 23, etc., which is an upper opening formed in the upper part of the outdoor side of the double skin unit 1, is formed. The ducts 24 and 34 connected to the duct connection ports 23 and 33 are branched and lead to the ducts 51 and 52, respectively, and the motor dampers MD1 to MD4 are provided in the ducts 51 and 52, so that the duct 51 , 52 can be switched between the exhaust flow path and the air supply flow path by constructing the 52 so as to pass through the return air port in the room and the air supply port in the room.

Further, since the size of the double skin unit 1 used in the embodiment is not much different from the size of a general curtain wall, no special consideration is required for the building structure. Partial installation such as one floor only or one span only is also possible. Compared to the conventional double skin of this type, which was installed on a plurality of floors in a large-scale building, it is easier to construct, for example, a small-scale building or only a specific floor.

The double skin unit 1 is formed in the first flow path connected to the lower louver 42-lower chamber 30-buffer space S-upper chamber 21-duct connection port 33, and the upper part of the outdoor side of the double skin unit 1. Since it has a second flow path connected to the upper louver 41-upper chamber 20-duct connection port 23, it can be doubled as in the conventional case by appropriately installing a fan or the like in the path of the ducts 51 and 52 described above. Without providing a movable mechanism in the skin, the outside air can be taken into the room side through the first flow path or the second flow path, or the return air from the room can be taken in through the first flow path or the second flow path. It is possible to exhaust.

Further, for example, in winter, it is possible to effectively utilize the solar heat by taking in the air heated in the buffer space S into the room. In summer, it is also possible to shield heat and reduce the thermal transmission load by constantly flowing outside air through the buffer space.

Next, an air conditioning system using such a double skin unit 1 will be described. The above-mentioned double skin unit 1 is divided into the following types according to the function depending on the connection destination of the first flow path and the second flow path on the indoor side, the switching operation of the motor dampers MD1 to 4, and the presence or absence of ventilation. It can be installed separately on the building.

That is, when ventilating, two types can be set, a "solar control type" which is controlled by outdoor conditions and a "load control type" which is controlled by indoor conditions. When ventilation is not performed, it is connected to an air conditioning ventilation system. Can be configured as "stand-alone". In the stand-alone type, the first flow path and the second flow path are connected to each other, for example, the duct connection ports 23 and 33 on the indoor side by a short-circuit duct or the like as described later, and a damper provided in the short-circuit duct or the like is provided. It can be realized by making it openable and closable. Next, each type will be described.

The solar radiation control type reduces the load on the outside air by preheating and taking in the outside air from the direction in which the amount of solar radiation is large during heating via the buffer space S. Further, by exhausting the indoor air (return air) from the direction in which the amount of solar radiation is small via the buffer space S, the thermal transmission rate of the double skin unit 1 can be lowered to reduce the thermal transmission load. Further, during summer cooling, the heat transmission load can be reduced by directly taking in the outside air from the direction with a small amount of solar radiation and exhausting the indoor air (return air) from the direction with a large amount of solar radiation via the buffer space S. Then, during the intermediate cooling period, the thermal transmission rate of the double skin unit 1 can be increased to promote heat dissipation from the room to the outside by taking in the outside air from the direction in which the amount of solar radiation is small via the buffer space S.

In the load control type, the outside air is taken in from a room having a small load during heating, but when the amount of solar radiation is large, the outside air load can be reduced by passing through the buffer space S. Further, by exhausting the indoor air from the room having a large load via the buffer space S, the thermal transmission load can be reduced. On the other hand, during cooling, the perimeter environment of the room with a large load can be preferentially improved by taking in the outside air from the room with a small load and exhausting the indoor air from the room with a large load via the buffer space S. On the other hand, during the intermediate cooling period, by taking in outside air from a room with a large load via the buffer space S, the thermal transmission rate of the double skin unit 1 can be increased to promote heat dissipation from the room to the outside.

The stand-alone type is provided with a damper (for example, a motor damper) that connects a duct that short-circuits the duct connection ports 23 and 33 of the double skin unit 1 and opens and closes the path thereof. If it is desired to dissipate the heat trapped in the buffer space S to the outside during cooling, the damper is opened to naturally ventilate the buffer space. Other than that, the damper is closed to reduce the thermal transmission rate and improve the thermal environment of the perimeter. Whether or not heat is trapped in the buffer space S can be determined by omitting sensors, etc. by estimating from the amount of solar radiation on the installation surface and the outside air temperature, for example, instead of measuring the temperature inside each buffer space. I can make a suggestion.

The control method and effect of each of the solar radiation control type and load control type double skin units as described above are shown in the table of FIG. 7, and the control method of the stand-alone double skin unit and its effect are shown in the table of FIG. rice field. By combining these double skin units 1 for each type and constructing them on the outer wall of a building such as a building, for example, in a room having glass surfaces in multiple directions, a solar radiation control type double skin unit 1 is provided in each direction. When a plurality of small rooms in the same direction are ventilated together, a load control type double skin unit 1 is installed in each room. The stand-alone double skin unit 1 can also be installed for the purpose of matching the window design with the solar radiation control type and the load control type.

Next, an example of an air conditioning system constructed in a building by combining the above-mentioned solar radiation control type, load control type, and stand-alone double skin units 1 will be described. FIG. 9 shows an example applied to a building 61 such as a building. The lower side of the building 61 is north, and an area 63 such as an elevator hall 62, a warehouse, and a staircase is set on the north side of the building 61. The outdoor unit storage area 64 is also installed on the north side of the building 61.

The double skin unit 1 is installed on the outer wall surface of the southern half of the building 61. That is, in the south half of the building 61, chambers R1 to R5 are formed in order from the east side by a partition wall G or the like. In the figure, the solar radiation control type double skin unit is represented by the reference numeral J, the load control type double skin unit is represented by the reference numeral K, and the stand-alone double skin unit is represented by the reference numeral L. Further, what is indicated by a rectangle in each of the double skin units J, K, and L is the buffer space S.

First, for the chamber R1 located at the southeast corner, a solar radiation control type double skin unit J1 and a stand-alone double skin unit L1 are provided in order from the north side on the east side. Further, on the south surface of the chamber R1, an independent double skin unit L1 and a solar radiation control type double skin unit J1 are provided in order from the east side.

In the chambers R2 to R4 facing the south side of the building 61, corresponding load control type double skin units K1 to K3 and independent type double skin units L3 to L5 are provided one by one.

Regarding the chamber R5 located at the southwest corner, a solar radiation control type double skin unit J3 is provided on the south side, a solar radiation control type double skin unit J4 and a stand-alone double skin unit L6 are provided in order from the south side on the west side.

Further, the ducts 51 and 52 connected to the solar radiation control type double skin unit J and the load control type double skin unit K, and the ducts leading to the air supply port P and the return air port Q are the ducts for the chamber R1. For the total heat exchanger Z1, the chambers R2 to R4, the common total heat exchanger Z2, and for the chamber R5, the total heat exchanger Z3 exchanges heat between the outside air and the return air, and between the supply air and the outside air as needed. It is supposed to be done.

Next, an operation example of the air conditioning system in each of the morning, noon, and evening in winter and the morning, noon, and evening in summer will be described. For each of the double skin units J and K, the number of dampers is set to 6 for convenience of explanation, but the damper configuration is functionally the same as that shown in FIG.

First, in the morning of winter, the heating load of the room R2 is small, the heating load of the room R3 is large, and the heating load of the room R4 is medium. As shown in FIG. 9, with respect to the chamber R1, the outside air taken in from the solar radiation control type double skin unit J1 facing the east side where the solar radiation is present is heated by the solar radiation heat through the buffer space S. After that, in the total heat exchanger Z1, after heat exchange with the return air of the chamber R1, the air is supplied to the room as supply air. The return air after heat exchange is exhausted after passing through the buffer space in the solar radiation control type double skin unit J2.

On the other hand, for chambers R2 to R4 where there is no sunlight yet, outside air is directly taken in from the load control type double skin units K1 and K3 and introduced into the total heat exchanger Z2 to return air and heat exchange from chambers R2 to R4. And supply air to the room. The return air after heat exchange is exhausted through the buffer space of the load control type double skin unit K2. In order to prioritize the improvement of the perimeter temperature environment in a room with a large load, the exhaust gas that has passed through the buffer space should be sent to the room with a large load. For the load control type double skin units K1 to K3, in order to adjust the flow rate of the airflow in order to prioritize the improvement of the perimeter temperature environment, the opening of the damper is 0% or 100%, that is, fully closed or fully opened. Not only that, it is individually controlled so that an intermediate opening degree such as 50% or 70% can be set as needed. This also applies to the winter noon, evening, and summer morning, noon, and evening, which will be described later.

Regarding the chamber R5, the outside air taken in from the solar radiation control type double skin unit J3 is supplied to the room as supply air after being heat-exchanged with the return air of the chamber R5 in the total heat exchanger Z3 via the buffer space S. NS. The return air after heat exchange is exhausted after passing through the buffer space in the solar radiation control type double skin unit J4.

And all the stand-alone double skin units L1 to L6 close the short-circuited duct. As a result, the inflow and outflow of airflow into the buffer space of the double skin units L1 to L6 is eliminated, the buffer space is used as a heat insulating space, and the thermal transmission load is reduced.

Next, the daytime in winter will be described. In the daytime, the heating load of the room R2 is medium, the heating load of the room R3 is small, and the heating load of the room R4 is large. The chamber R1 is as shown in FIG. 10, and the outside air taken in from the solar radiation control type double skin unit J2 facing the south side is heated by the solar radiation heat through the buffer space. After that, in the total heat exchanger Z1, after heat exchange with the return air of the chamber R1, the air is supplied to the room as supply air. The return air after heat exchange is exhausted after passing through the buffer space in the solar radiation control type double skin unit J1.

On the other hand, for the chambers R2 to R4 with solar radiation, the outside air after passing through the buffer space is taken in from the load control type double skin units K1 and K2, introduced into the total heat exchanger Z2, and returned from the chambers R2 to R4. It exchanges heat with air and supplies air to the room. The return air after heat exchange is directly exhausted without passing through the buffer space for the load control type double skin units K1 and K2, and is exhausted after passing through the buffer space for the double skin unit K3. In order to prioritize the improvement of the perimeter temperature environment in the room with a large load, the outside air that has passed through the buffer space should be taken in more from the room with a small load.

Regarding the chamber R5, the outside air taken in from the solar radiation control type double skin unit J3 is supplied to the room as supply air after being heat-exchanged with the return air of the chamber R5 in the total heat exchanger Z3 via the buffer space. The return air after heat exchange is exhausted after passing through the buffer space in the solar radiation control type double skin unit J4.

And all the stand-alone double skin units L1 to L6 close the short-circuited duct. As a result, the inflow and outflow of airflow into the buffer space is eliminated, and the buffer space is used as a heat insulating space to reduce the thermal transmission load.

Next, the evening in winter will be described with reference to FIG. In the evening, the heating load of the room R2 is large, the heating load of the room R3 is small, and the heating load of the room R4 is medium. And it is assumed that there is solar radiation from the west side only for room R5. In this case, with respect to the chamber R1, the outside air taken in from the solar radiation control type double skin unit J2 facing the south side passed through the buffer space and was heat-exchanged with the return air of the chamber R1 in the total heat exchanger Z1. It is later supplied indoors as air supply. The return air after heat exchange is exhausted after passing through the buffer space in the solar radiation control type double skin unit J1.

On the other hand, regarding the chambers R2 to R4, as described above, the heating load of the chamber R2 is large, the heating load of the chamber R3 is small, and the heating load of the chamber R4 is medium. In this case, the outside air from the load control type double skin units K2 and K3 is directly taken in and introduced into the total heat exchanger Z2 to exchange heat with the return air from the chambers R2 to R4 and supply the air to each chamber. The return air after heat exchange is exhausted from the load-controlled double-skin units K1 and K3 after passing through a buffer space. Since the room R2 has a large heating load, the thermal transmission load can be reduced by exhausting the air through the buffer space of the double skin unit K1. In order to prioritize the improvement of the perimeter temperature environment in a room with a large load, the exhaust gas that has passed through the buffer space should be sent to the room with a large load.

Regarding the chamber R5, the outside air taken in from the solar radiation control type double skin unit J4 is supplied to the room as supply air after being heat-exchanged with the return air of the chamber R5 in the total heat exchanger Z3 via the buffer space. The return air after heat exchange is exhausted after passing through the buffer space in the solar radiation control type double skin unit J3.

And all the stand-alone double skin units L1 to L6 close the short-circuited duct. As a result, the inflow and outflow of airflow into the buffer space is eliminated, and the buffer space is used as a heat insulating space to reduce the thermal transmission load.

Next, summer morning, noon, and evening will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 14.
First, in the summer morning, the cooling load of the room R2 is small, the cooling load of the room R3 is large, and the cooling load of the room R4 is medium. First of all, since there is sunlight in the chamber R1, for the independent double skin unit L1 facing the east side, the short-circuited duct is opened so that the hot air trapped in the buffer space is released by natural ventilation. .. Then, the outside air is taken in as it is from the solar radiation control type double skin unit J2 facing the south side, and is supplied to the room as supply air after exchanging heat with the return air of the room R1 in the total heat exchanger Z1. The return air after heat exchange with the outside air is exhausted after passing through the buffer space in the solar radiation control type double skin unit J1. As a result, the thermal transmission load in the double skin unit J1 is reduced.

On the other hand, for the chambers R2 to R4 where there is no sunlight yet, as described above, the cooling load of the chamber R2 is small, the cooling load of the chamber R3 is large, and the cooling load of the chamber R4 is medium. The outside air is directly taken in from the skin units K1 and K3, introduced into the total heat exchanger Z2, exchanged with the return air from the chambers R2 to R4, and supplied to the room. The return air after heat exchange is exhausted through the buffer space of the load control type double skin unit K2. Since the chamber R2 has a large cooling load, the thermal transmission load can be reduced by exhausting the air through the buffer space of the double skin unit K2. Further, since the cooling load of the chamber R4 is medium, the return air after the heat exchange is exhausted after passing through the buffer space even for the load control type double skin unit K3. In order to prioritize the improvement of the perimeter temperature environment in a room with a large load, the exhaust gas that has passed through the buffer space should be sent to the room with a large load.

Regarding the chamber R5, the outside air taken in from the solar radiation control type double skin unit J4 is taken in without passing through the buffer space, and in the total heat exchanger Z3, after heat exchange with the return air of the chamber R5, it is introduced into the room as air supply. Be supplied. The return air after heat exchange is exhausted after passing through the buffer space in the solar radiation control type double skin unit J3.

And the stand-alone double skin units L2 to L6 close the short-circuited duct. This eliminates the inflow and outflow of airflow into the buffer space, and uses the buffer space as a heat insulating space to reduce the thermal transmission load.

Next, the daytime in summer will be described with reference to FIG. In the daytime, the cooling load of the room R2 is medium, the cooling load of the room R3 is small, and the cooling load of the room R4 is large. First, there is no solar radiation in the chamber R1, and the outside air is taken in as it is from the solar radiation control type double skin unit J1 facing the east side. Supply. The return air after heat exchange is exhausted after passing through the buffer space in the solar radiation control type double skin unit J2. As a result, the thermal transmission load in the double skin unit J2 is reduced. Further, the stand-alone double skin unit L1 is used as a heat insulating space by closing the short-circuited duct and stopping the inflow and outflow of air into the buffer space. This reduces the thermal transfer load.

On the other hand, all of the chambers R2 to R4 facing the south side have sunlight. Therefore, first, for the stand-alone double skin units L2 to L5, the short-circuited duct is opened so that the hot air trapped in the buffer space is released by natural ventilation.

Then, the outside air is taken in as it is from the load control type double skin units K1 and K2, introduced into the total heat exchanger Z2, exchanged with the return air from the chambers R2 to R4, and supplied to the room. The return air that has exchanged heat with the outside air is exhausted through the buffer space of the load control type double skin unit K3. As described above, since the cooling load of the chamber R2 is medium, the cooling load of the chamber R3 is large, and the cooling load of the chamber R4 is medium, the outside air is directly taken in from the load control type double skin units K1 and K3 to control the load. The thermal transmission load can be reduced by exhausting air through the buffer space of the type double skin unit K3. Further, since the cooling load of the chamber R2 is medium, the return air after the heat exchange is exhausted after passing through the buffer space even for the load control type double skin unit K1. In order to prioritize the improvement of the perimeter temperature environment in a room with a large load, the exhaust gas that has passed through the buffer space should be sent to the room with a large load.

Regarding the chamber R5, the outside air taken in as it is from the solar radiation control type double skin unit J4 without passing through the buffer space is supplied to the room as supply air after heat exchange with the return air of the chamber R5 in the total heat exchanger Z3. Will be done. The return air after heat exchange is exhausted after passing through the buffer space in the solar radiation control type double skin unit J3. As a result, the thermal transfer load from the solar radiation control type double skin unit J3 is reduced. Regarding the stand-alone double skin unit L6 of the chamber R5, the short-circuited duct is closed to prevent air from entering and exiting the buffer space to provide a heat insulating space. As a result, the thermal transmission load is reduced.

Next, the evening in summer will be described with reference to FIG. In the evening, the cooling load of the chamber R2 is large, the cooling load of the chamber R3 is small, and the cooling load of the chamber R4 is medium. First, there is no solar radiation in the chamber R1, and the outside air is taken in as it is from the solar radiation control type double skin unit J1 facing the east side. Supply. The return air that has exchanged heat with the outside air is exhausted after passing through the buffer space in the solar radiation control type double skin unit J2. As a result, the thermal transmission load in the double skin unit J2 is reduced. Further, the stand-alone double skin unit L1 is used as a heat insulating space by closing the short-circuited duct and stopping the inflow and outflow of air into the buffer space. This reduces the thermal transfer load.

On the other hand, since there is no sunlight in all of the chambers R2 to R4 facing the south side, for the independent double skin units L2 to L5, the short-circuited duct is closed to stop the inflow and outflow of air into the buffer space. Let it be used as a heat insulating space. This reduces the thermal transfer load.

Then, the outside air is taken in as it is from the load control type double skin units K2 and K3, introduced into the total heat exchanger Z2, exchanged with the return air from the chambers R2 to R4, and supplied to the room. On the other hand, the return air that has exchanged heat with the outside air is exhausted through the buffer space of the load control type double skin unit K1. As described above, since the cooling load of the chamber R2 is medium, the cooling load of the chamber R3 is large, and the cooling load of the chamber R4 is medium, the load control by directly taking in the outside air from the load control type double skin units K2 and K3. The thermal transmission load can be reduced by exhausting air through the buffer space of the type double skin unit K1. Further, since the cooling load of the chamber R2 is large, the thermal transmission load from the double skin unit K1 is reduced by exhausting the air through the buffer space of the load control type double skin unit K1. In order to prioritize the improvement of the perimeter temperature environment in a room with a large load, the exhaust gas that has passed through the buffer space should be sent to the room with a large load.

Regarding the chamber R5, the outside air taken in as it is from the solar radiation control type double skin unit J3 without passing through the buffer space is supplied to the room as supply air after heat exchange with the return air of the chamber R5 in the total heat exchanger Z3. Will be done. The returned air that has dropped in temperature after heat exchange is exhausted after passing through the buffer space in the solar radiation control type double skin unit J4. As a result, the thermal transmission load from the solar radiation control type double skin unit J4 is reduced.

On the other hand, since the chamber R5 receives sunlight from the west side, for the independent double skin unit L6, the short-circuited duct is opened so that the hot air trapped in the buffer space is released by natural ventilation.

Motors provided in ducts 51 and 52 on the back side (indoor side) of the double skin units J1 to J4, K1 to K3, and L1 to L6 in the above winter and the following morning, noon, and evening operation examples. The dampers MD1 to MD4 may be configured to open and close a plurality of dampers in conjunction with each other.

In addition, the amount of solar radiation on the installation surface where each double skin unit J1 to J4, K1 to K3, and L1 to L6 are installed is, for example, on a horizontal surface (for example, a rooftop) near the building 61 in order to reduce the number of expensive pyranometers installed. Only one pyranometer may be installed and the amount of vertical solar radiation in each direction may be calculated from the date and time.

Further, in the case of the central air conditioning system, it can be proposed that the load of each room R is estimated from the supply air temperature and the supply air volume (or the fan rotation speed) of the air conditioner. In the case of the package air conditioner air-conditioning system, it may be estimated from the expansion valve opening degree of the indoor unit and the presence / absence of a cooling / heating request (thermo-on / thermo-off).

The double skin units J1 to J4, K1 to K3, and L1 to L6 used in the above air conditioning system can be introduced in buildings, particularly small and medium-sized buildings, at a lower cost than conventional double skins. Further, in a room without a window that can be opened and closed, a ventilation path can be secured without providing a louver or a vent cap. Furthermore, there is a high degree of freedom in the installation location of the double skin unit and the configuration of the ventilation system, and it can be used for buildings of various scales and uses.

In addition, as can be seen from the above-mentioned operation example of the air conditioning system, the outside air load can be reduced by the solar heat in winter, and the location where the solar radiation is used can be changed according to the change in the amount of solar radiation in each direction, so that the air conditioning load can be reduced. Can be done. Further, the thermal environment of the perimeter can be improved, and this can be preferentially performed for a room having a large air conditioning load. Then, by installing the non-ventilated double skin unit, that is, the independent double skin units L1 to L6 in combination with the solar radiation control type double skin units J1 to J4 and the load control type double skin units K1 to K3, the excess equipment is installed. It is possible to unify the window design while avoiding becoming.

Since the double skin unit itself does not have a drive unit or sensors, it does not require electrical or instrumentation work and has a long life. The long-life double-skin unit and the short-life duct part (duct, damper, fan, sensors, etc.) are clearly separated, and it is easy to update or repair only the duct part.

In the above-mentioned example of the air conditioning system, the air conditioner that bears the air conditioning load in the room R and the fan for taking in outside air, supplying air, returning air, and exhausting air are not particularly shown, but the air conditioner. Any method such as a central air conditioning system or a package air conditioning system can be adopted. Fans can also be installed in the flow paths of outside air, supply air, return air, and exhaust air according to the environment and conditions.

The double skin units J, K, and L used in the above-mentioned air conditioning system basically have a buffer space S between the inner glass 4 on the indoor side, the outer glass 3 on the outdoor side, and the inner glass 4 and the outer glass 3. It has an upper louver 41 which is an upper opening formed in the upper part of the outdoor side of the double skin unit, and a lower louver 42 which is a lower opening formed in the lower part of the outdoor side of the double skin unit. It had a first flow path for communicating the room and the lower louver 42 via the space S, and a second flow path for communicating the room and the upper louver 41 without passing through the buffer space S. However, the structure of the air conditioning system and the double skin unit for realizing the operation example thereof is not limited to such an example.

For example, the interior is provided through an upper opening formed in the upper part of the outdoor side of the double skin unit, a lower opening formed in the lower part of the outdoor side of the double skin unit, and a buffer space between the outer glass and the inner glass. A double skin unit having a structure having a first flow path for communicating with the upper opening and a second flow path for communicating with the room and the lower opening without passing through the buffer space may be used. ..

The present invention is useful when a double skin is used in a building, and it is easy to apply it to a specific floor regardless of whether it is large or small.

1 Double skin unit 2 Body frame 3 Outer glass 4 Inner glass 20, 21 Upper chamber 22 Upper opening plate 23, 33 Duct connection port 24, 51, 52 Duct 25 Branch duct 30 Lower chamber 31 Lower opening plate 41 Upper louver 42 Lower louver 61 Building 62 Elevator hall 63 Areas such as warehouses and staircases 64 Outdoor unit storage area F space G partition wall J1 to J4 Double skin unit (solar control type)
K1 to K3 double skin unit (load control type)
L1-L6 double skin unit (stand-alone type)
MD1, MD2, MD3, MD4 Motor damper P Return air port Q Air supply port R1 to R5 Room S Buffer space Z1, Z2, Z3 Total heat exchanger

Claims (3)

A double-skin unit having a double-skin structure having a buffer space between the inner glass on the indoor side, the outer glass on the outdoor side, and the inner glass and the outer glass.
An upper opening formed in the upper part of the outdoor side of the double skin unit,
A lower opening formed in the lower part of the outdoor side of the double skin unit,
Have,
A first flow path that communicates the room with the lower opening through the buffer space,
A second flow path that communicates the room with the upper opening without passing through the buffer space,
An opening plate provided between the lower chamber leading to the lower opening and the buffer space and having a large number of openings,
It has an upper chamber located above the buffer space forming the first flow path and another opening plate provided between the buffer space and having a large number of openings.
Each of the opening plates is a double skin unit, characterized in that the opening ratio differs depending on the location so that the airflow velocity in the buffer space becomes uniform. A double-skin unit having a double-skin structure having a buffer space between the inner glass on the indoor side, the outer glass on the outdoor side, and the inner glass and the outer glass.
An upper opening formed in the upper part of the outdoor side of the double skin unit,
A lower opening formed in the lower part of the outdoor side of the double skin unit,
Have,
A first flow path that communicates the room with the lower opening through the buffer space,
A second flow path that communicates the room with the upper opening without passing through the buffer space,
Have
An upper chamber is provided above the buffer space forming the first flow path.
Another upper chamber is provided between the upper opening forming the second flow path and the duct connection port leading to the indoor side.
The upper chamber and the other upper chamber are arranged above the buffer space in a direction parallel to the outer glass surface.
The upper opening and the lower opening are provided on the same plane as the outer glass.
The upper chamber and the other upper chamber are arranged so as not to overlap with each other in the direction perpendicular to the outer glass surface.
A double skin unit that is characterized by being An air conditioning system using a plurality of double skin units according to any one of claims 1 or 2.
The multiple double skin units are installed in the same direction of the building,
During heating operation
The outside air is taken in from a room with a small load, and if the amount of solar radiation in the room is large, the outside air is taken in through the buffer space, and at the same time.
From the room with a large load, the indoor air that has been heated by the heating operation is exhausted via the buffer space.
During cooling operation,
An air conditioning system characterized in that outside air is taken in from a room having a low load and indoor air that has been cooled by the cooling operation is exhausted from a room having a large load via the buffer space.

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