JP6940520B2 - 連続容量制御システムを備えた電動機駆動コンシューマを有する装置の電動機を保護する方法およびその電動機の選択 - Google Patents
連続容量制御システムを備えた電動機駆動コンシューマを有する装置の電動機を保護する方法およびその電動機の選択 Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
- F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
- F04B39/066—Cooling by ventilation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/06—Control using electricity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/06—Control using electricity
- F04B49/065—Control using electricity and making use of computers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/20—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by changing the driving speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/22—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by means of valves
- F04B49/225—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by means of valves with throttling valves or valves varying the pump inlet opening or the outlet opening
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B51/00—Testing machines, pumps, or pumping installations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/02—Surge control
- F04D27/0261—Surge control by varying driving speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/02—Surge control
- F04D27/0292—Stop safety or alarm devices, e.g. stop-and-go control; Disposition of check-valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
- F25B1/04—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with compressor of rotary type
- F25B1/053—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with compressor of rotary type of turbine type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
- F25B49/025—Motor control arrangements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
- G01R31/343—Testing dynamo-electric machines in operation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B23/00—Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
- G05B23/02—Electric testing or monitoring
- G05B23/0205—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults
- G05B23/0218—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults characterised by the fault detection method dealing with either existing or incipient faults
- G05B23/0224—Process history based detection method, e.g. whereby history implies the availability of large amounts of data
- G05B23/0227—Qualitative history assessment, whereby the type of data acted upon, e.g. waveforms, images or patterns, is not relevant, e.g. rule based assessment; if-then decisions
- G05B23/0235—Qualitative history assessment, whereby the type of data acted upon, e.g. waveforms, images or patterns, is not relevant, e.g. rule based assessment; if-then decisions based on a comparison with predetermined threshold or range, e.g. "classical methods", carried out during normal operation; threshold adaptation or choice; when or how to compare with the threshold
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/008—Reliability or availability analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C3/00—Registering or indicating the condition or the working of machines or other apparatus, other than vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
- H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
- H02H5/044—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature using a semiconductor device to sense the temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
- H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
- H02H5/045—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature using a thermal radiation sensor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H6/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements responsive to undesired changes from normal non-electric working conditions using simulators of the apparatus being protected, e.g. using thermal images
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
- H02H7/085—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
- H02H7/085—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load
- H02H7/0852—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load directly responsive to abnormal temperature by using a temperature sensor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
- H02H7/085—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load
- H02H7/0856—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load characterised by the protection measure taken
- H02H7/0857—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load characterised by the protection measure taken by lowering the mechanical load of the motor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
- H02K11/25—Devices for sensing temperature, or actuated thereby
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
- H02P29/02—Providing protection against overload without automatic interruption of supply
- H02P29/032—Preventing damage to the motor, e.g. setting individual current limits for different drive conditions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
- H02P29/60—Controlling or determining the temperature of the motor or of the drive
- H02P29/64—Controlling or determining the temperature of the winding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
- H02P29/60—Controlling or determining the temperature of the motor or of the drive
- H02P29/68—Controlling or determining the temperature of the motor or of the drive based on the temperature of a drive component or a semiconductor component
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B2203/00—Motor parameters
- F04B2203/02—Motor parameters of rotating electric motors
- F04B2203/0201—Current
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B2203/00—Motor parameters
- F04B2203/02—Motor parameters of rotating electric motors
- F04B2203/0202—Voltage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B2203/00—Motor parameters
- F04B2203/02—Motor parameters of rotating electric motors
- F04B2203/0205—Temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/02—Compressor control
- F25B2600/025—Compressor control by controlling speed
- F25B2600/0253—Compressor control by controlling speed with variable speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
- F25B2700/21156—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor of the motor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
- F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
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- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
- Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
- Protection Of Generators And Motors (AREA)
Description
− 冷却剤、例えば空気または水によって冷却される電動機
− 電動機の1相または全相の(平均)電流を測定する測定装置
− 冷却剤の温度を測定する測定機器
− コンプレッサ製造業者の仕様は、非常にありそうもないが現実的な最悪の条件から緩和することができる。
− 電動機のリアルタイム保護の一定の形態が存在する。
− この方法は、電動機の熱状態の推定に間接的であり、故に、実際には、以下の関連するすべての要素が正しく評価されておらず、その結果、過大寸法によって補償されなければならず、そのことで、電動機のコストが上昇する。
o 電圧のずれ
o 電動機位相の不均衡
o 冷却剤の低密度
o 不十分冷却剤の流れ
o 上述の、汚れのために(内部)熱交換器の不十分な熱伝達
o 測定された電流の精度
o 等
− 電動機供給業者は、2つのパラメータに基づいてのみ電動機の熱状態を評価しなければならないので、変換ルールを規定するのに、保守的である。
− 一般に、システムは、電流の時定数が短すぎるために不安定である。・測定された電流の短い変化により、制御システムの不必要な反応を引き起こす可能性がある。
− 起動時に大きな電流が流れる可能性があるので、電動機を保護するための方法として、電動機の起動時に一時的にオフにする必要がある。
− 電流を測定するための測定機器は高価である。
− システムは電動機のサイズと設置ごとに構成する必要がある。
− 大型電動機の場合、電流測定機器は一般に顧客レベルで提供されなければならず、そのことで、次の理由により試運転プロセスが複雑になる。
o コンプレッサ制御システムに物理的接続を行わなければならない。
o 外部電流信号のIn/Outインタフェースは、試運転中にキャリブレーションする必要があるが、それはあまりにも面倒であるためほとんど行われていない。
o 電動機の設計時に電流測定機器の精度が分からず、最悪の場合のシナリオで、値を仮定しなければならず、そのことで、暗黙的に追加の過大寸法をもたらす。
− システムは、2つの入力信号、すなわち互いに比較することができない電流および温度に依存し、自己診断/評価を実施することができない。
本発明の目的は、前述の欠点および他の欠点の1つまたは複数に対する解決策を提供することである。
− 前述の電動機上の直接測定により当該電動機の熱状態を決定するステップと、
− 前述の決定された熱状態の関数としてのコンシューマの最大容量または最大出力を制限するステップとを含み、
− 電動機は1つまたは複数の電気巻線と、1つまたは複数の軸受とを備え、さらに、電動機の熱状態の決定のために、この方法は1つまたは複数の巻線(U−V−W)および/または1つまたは複数の軸受の温度を測定するステップと、を含むことを特徴とする。
− 巻線に沿った1つまた複数の位置で測定された1つまた複数の巻線の絶対温度
− 電動機巻線と冷却剤の入口温度との間の温度差、「デルタT」
− 1つまた複数の軸受の絶対温度、つまり、電動機の被駆動端部上の1つまた複数の軸受(DE)および/または電動機の非被駆動端部上の1つまた複数の軸受(NDE)の絶対温度である。
・少なくとも1つのセンサ14または15について、冷却剤18の前述の入口温度と、関連するセンサ14または15の測定温度との間の温度差を決定するステップ;
・この温度差を関連するセンサ14または15に対する対応するあらかじめ入力された温度差の最大値と、連続的にまたは時間間隔で、比較するステップ、を含む。
Claims (11)
- コンシューマの容量または出力を制御するためのコントローラを備えた電動機駆動コンシューマの電動機を保護する方法であって、
− 前記電動機上の直接測定により前記電動機の熱状態を決定するステップと、
− 前記決定された熱状態の関数としての前記コンシューマの最大容量または最大出力を制限するステップと、を含み、
前記電動機は、1つまたは複数の電気巻線と、1つまたは複数の軸受とを備え、さらに、前記電動機の前記熱状態の決定のために、1つまたは複数の巻線および1つまたは複数の軸受の温度を測定するステップを含み、
前記温度の前記測定のために、信号が前記コントローラに直接フィードバックされる1つまたは複数のセンサが使用され、
前記電動機には冷却剤を用いた冷却が行われ、前記センサの少なくとも一部の各々について、関連するセンサによって測定された温度と前記冷却剤の入口温度との間の温度差につき、あらかじめ前記コントローラに最大値を入力しておき、さらに、
− 前記冷却への入力で、前記冷却剤の前記入口温度を決定するステップと、
− 少なくとも1つのセンサについて、前記冷却剤の前記入口温度と前記関連するセンサによって測定された測定温度との間の温度差を決定するステップと、
− この温度差を、前記関連するセンサについてあらかじめ入力された温度差の最大値と、連続的にまたは時間間隔を設けて、比較するステップと、
− 前記センサの少なくとも1つの温度差が前記最大値に達したときまたはそれを超えたときは常に、前記コンシューマの最大容量または最大出力を設定値により制限するステップと、を含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 前記電動機の少なくとも1つの巻線に対して、2つ以上のセンサが前記巻線の長さに沿って設けられることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記センサの少なくとも一部の各々について、前記温度の最大値が前記コントローラにあらかじめ入力されており、さらに、
少なくとも1つのセンサについて、測定温度をあらかじめ入力された対応する最大値と、連続的にまたはある時間間隔で、比較するステップと、
前記センサの前記測定温度が前記対応する最大値に達したときまたはそれを超えたとき、前記コンシューマの最大容量および/または最大出力をあらかじめ設定された値により制限するステップと、を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の方法。 - 前記センサの前記温度が前記対応する最大値以下に下落したとき、関連した最大値に達するまで前記コンシューマの最大容量または最大出力を再び増加させることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記電動機には、温度を測定するための2つ以上のセンサが設けられており、これらセンサのうちの少なくとも1つについて、測定温度が対応する最大値に達したかそれを超えたとき、前記コンシューマの最大容量または最大出力を制限するステップを含むことを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記電動機には前記巻線の温度を測定するための3つ以上のセンサが設けられており、さらに、前記センサによって測定された温度の相互比較によって前記センサの自己診断を実施するステップと、このセンサによって測定された温度が、前記関連するセンサ以外のセンサによって測定された温度と、ある設定値よりも大きい値で、異なるとき前記センサが故障しているとみなすこととを含むことを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 測定温度および/または温度差が、設定された時間間隔またはそれ以外の方法の経過後、各センサの設定値を下回った後に、前記コンシューマの最大容量または最大出力が再び高く設定されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記電動機の前記熱状態の前記決定は、
− 前記巻線の単一点または前記巻線の長さにわたるいくつかの点で、前記巻線の少なくとも1つまたはすべての絶対温度、
− 少なくとも1つの巻線と前記冷却剤の前記入口温度との間の温度差、および
− 少なくとも1つの軸受の絶対温度、の特性の1つまたはこれらの特性の任意の組み合わせに依存することを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記コンシューマには出力を制限する手段が設けられており、これらの手段は前記容量の前記コントローラによって制御されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 電動機駆動コンシューマの容量または出力を制御するコントローラを備えた電動機駆動コンシューマの電動機を保護するための装置であって、前記電動機上の直接測定によって前記電動機の熱状態を決定するためのセンサが設けられ、前記コンシューマの最大容量または最大出力を前記決定された熱状態の関数として制限する手段が設けられ、該手段は前記コントローラによって制御され、前記電動機は、1つまたは複数の電気巻線と1つまたは複数の軸受とを備え、前記電動機の前記熱状態を決定する前記センサが、1つまたは複数の巻線の温度を測定するための1つまたは複数のセンサ、および1つまたは複数の軸受の温度を測定するための1つまたは複数のセンサによって形成され、
前記電動機は、冷却剤を用いる冷却器と、前記冷却器の入口における前記冷却剤の入口温度を測定するセンサとを備え、関連するセンサの測定温度と前記冷却剤の入口温度との間の温度差につき、前記センサの少なくとも一部の各々について最大値が設定され、温度差が、対応する設定された最大値に達するかまたはそれを超えるときは常に、前記コントローラは前記コンシューマの最大容量または最大出力を減少させることを特徴とする、装置。 - 前記センサの少なくとも一部の各々に対し、温度の最大値を設定し、測定温度が対応する設定された最大値に達するかまたはそれを超えるとき、前記コントローラは前記コンシューマの最大容量または最大出力を減少させるような前記コントローラであることを特徴とする、請求項10に記載の装置。
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| BE20165824A BE1024101A9 (nl) | 2016-04-12 | 2016-11-04 | Werkwijze voor het beschermen van een elektrische motor van een inrichting met een motorgedreven verbruiker met een continu capaciteitsregelsysteem en keuze van een motor hiervoor. |
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