JP6946472B2 - 気化器電力供給システム - Google Patents
気化器電力供給システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6946472B2 JP6946472B2 JP2019566808A JP2019566808A JP6946472B2 JP 6946472 B2 JP6946472 B2 JP 6946472B2 JP 2019566808 A JP2019566808 A JP 2019566808A JP 2019566808 A JP2019566808 A JP 2019566808A JP 6946472 B2 JP6946472 B2 JP 6946472B2
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- heating element
- converter
- power
- voltage
- vaporizer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
- A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
- A24F40/50—Control or monitoring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
- A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
- A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
- A24F40/46—Shape or structure of electric heating means
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
- A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
- A24F40/50—Control or monitoring
- A24F40/57—Temperature control
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
- A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
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- A61M11/00—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
- A61M11/04—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes operated by the vapour pressure of the liquid to be sprayed or atomised
- A61M11/041—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes operated by the vapour pressure of the liquid to be sprayed or atomised using heaters
- A61M11/042—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes operated by the vapour pressure of the liquid to be sprayed or atomised using heaters electrical
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- G05B11/01—Automatic controllers electric
- G05B11/26—Automatic controllers electric in which the output signal is a pulse-train
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- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
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- H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
- H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
- H05B1/0227—Applications
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- A61M2016/0015—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure inhalation detectors
- A61M2016/0018—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure inhalation detectors electrical
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
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Description
本出願は、2018年10月19日出願、発明の名称「気化噴霧器の電力供給」の米国仮特許出願第62/748203号に基づく優先権を主張し、2019年10月15日出願、発明の名称「気化噴霧器の電力供給」の米国仮特許出願第62/915294号に基づく優先権を主張する。これらの両方は、許される最大限で、全体を通して参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
(1)環境圧力に対する気流経路に沿った圧力を検出(又はオプションで絶対圧力の変化を測定)するために配置された1つ以上の圧力センサ、
(2)気化器装置100の1つ以上の運動センサ(例えば加速度計)、
(3)気化器装置100の1つ以上の気流センサ、
(4)気化器装置100の静電容量リップセンサ、
(5)1つ以上の入力装置116(例えば、気化器装置100のボタン又は他の触覚制御装置)を介した気化器装置100とユーザとの相互作用の検出、
(6)気化器装置100と通信し、及び/又は、パフが発生若しくは差し迫っていることを判断するための他のアプローチを介する、計算装置からの信号の受信。
(1)抵抗発熱体に供給される電力量、
(2)電子気化器装置100の他の部分及び/又は環境への熱伝導、
(3)ウィッキングエレメント及び/又は噴霧器141全体からの気化可能材料102の気化による潜熱損失、
(4)気流(即ち、ユーザが気化器装置100を吸引した時に発熱体又は噴霧器141全体を移動する空気)による対流熱損失。
本明細書に記載の通り、本主題のいくつかの実施形態において、発熱体を確実に起動させるか、又は発熱体を所望の温度まで加熱させるために、気化器装置100は、センサ113(例えば圧力センサ)からの信号を利用して、ユーザがいつ吸引しているかを判断し得る。センサ113は、空気が気化器装置100に入るための吸気口と、結果物として生じる蒸気及び/又はエアロゾルをユーザが吸入する排気口とを含む気流経路内に配置され、及び/又は、当該気流経路に(例えば、通路又は他の経路により)接続されて、気化器装置100を通過する空気とともにセンサ113が変化(例えば圧力変化)を検出するようにできる。本主題のいくつかの実施形態において、発熱体は、例えばパフの自動検出により、又は気流経路の変化(例えば圧力変化)を検出するセンサ113により、ユーザのパフに関連して起動され得る。
PWM制御がヒータとポッドの接触抵抗の大きな変動に耐えられず、
ヒータ抵抗を測定するための電源を遮断する必要があり、
バッテリの駆動時間を縮め、
バッテリの老朽化を早め、
システム統合を制限し、
TCRを制限し、並びに/又は、
ヒータ抵抗を測定するためにコンポーネントの数及びコストが増加する可能性がある。
電力が変化している間のヒータ抵抗と温度のモニタリング、
低バッテリ電圧及び低温におけるより速い予熱と、一貫した電力プロファイルの提供、
充電器とヒータの制御回路の結合によるコストとスペースの削減、
ポッドの接触抵抗の増加の補償とユーザ体験の改善、
発熱体が周辺温度に近いときの、バッテリを過負荷にすることのないより高いヒータTCRの実現、
低バッテリ電圧における効率の改善、
バッテリ稼働時間の改善、
より低い温度における一貫した性能の提供、
バッテリ寿命の延長、
等のうちの1つ以上を可能とする。
Rb:内部セルインピーダンス(DCIR)
Rs:バッテリ保護電子機器、FET及びPWMスイッチ
Rt:導体抵抗、配線、PCBAトレース、電気的相互接続
Rc:ポッドの接触抵抗
Rh:抵抗発熱体(噴霧器)
簡単に、寄生抵抗はRp=Rb+Rs+Rt+Rcで表される。その場合、回路の合計抵抗はR=Rh+Rpである。図6は、電力制御スイッチを含む電力経路の例における抵抗及び関連パラメータを示す回路図の例である。正と負のレールにおける抵抗は、計算では単一の抵抗として表されることには注意されたい。
最小バッテリ電圧が3.4Vの場合4A、
最小バッテリ電圧が3.7Vの場合5.28A、
最小バッテリ電圧が4.2Vの場合6.74A。
3.70Vにおいてバッテリから引き出される平均電力は11.22Wで、電力効率は71.3%となる。発熱体への電力はPWMでのみ供給されるため、電力損失はデューティサイクルに依存しないことには注意されたい。
Claims (28)
- 電源及び気化器噴霧器の発熱体に電気的に結合するように構成され、前記電源から第1の電圧を受け取り、4線式接続のうちの第1及び第2の線を用いて前記発熱体に第2の電圧を提供するようにさらに構成され、直流−直流コンバータである、コンバータと、
前記発熱体に電気的に結合し、前記発熱体を流れる電流を測定し、4線式接続のうちの第3及び第4の線を用いて前記発熱体の電圧を測定し、電力及び/又は抵抗を計算し、前記コンバータに制御信号を出力するように構成された電力モニタと、
を備え、
前記コンバータは、前記制御信号により制御されて前記第2の電圧を変化させ、前記発熱体において目標電力又は目標温度を維持するように構成される、
システム。 - 前記コンバータは、昇圧コンバータ及び/又は降圧コンバータを含み、前記コンバータは、エネルギー貯蔵装置を含む、
請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記エネルギー貯蔵装置は、スイッチドキャパシタトポロジー又はチャージポンプトポロジーのキャパシタを含む、
請求項2に記載のシステム。 - 前記エネルギー貯蔵装置は、インダクタを含む、
請求項2に記載のシステム。 - 前記電力モニタは、閉ループ制御を形成するアナログ回路を含む、
請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記電力モニタは、
前記発熱体を流れる電流及び前記発熱体の電圧を測定するように構成されたアナログフロントエンド回路と、
前記発熱体を通る前記測定された電流及び前記発熱体の前記測定された電圧に基づいて前記制御信号を提供するように構成された回路を含むデジタイザと、
を含む、
請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記デジタイザは、前記制御信号をパルス幅変調信号、デジタルアナログ変換信号、又は集積回路間フォーマット信号として提供するように構成された、
請求項6に記載のシステム。 - 前記電力モニタは、前記発熱体への電力供給を中断することなく、連続的に前記電流及び前記電圧を測定する、
請求項1から7のうちいずれか1つに記載のシステム。 - マイクロコントローラと、前記コンバータ及び前記発熱体の間のスイッチと、をさらに備え、
前記スイッチは、前記マイクロコントローラに電気的に結合され、前記マイクロコントローラは、パルス幅変調信号を前記スイッチのゲートに印加するように構成された、
請求項1から7のうちいずれか1つに記載のシステム。 - 前記コンバータは、第1の電力レベルで動作するように構成され、
前記マイクロコントローラは、前記発熱体の前記測定された電流及び前記発熱体の前記測定された電圧に基づいて、第2の電力レベルを決定し、前記パルス幅変調信号を変更して、前記第2の電圧を変更するように前記スイッチを制御するように構成された、
請求項9に記載のシステム。 - 前記コンバータは、加熱サイクルの間、前記発熱体に中断されない電力を提供するように構成された、
請求項1から10のうちいずれか1つに記載のシステム。 - 前記電力モニタは、前記測定された電流の変化に基づいて、前記コンバータ及び前記発熱体の間の接点の接触抵抗の変化を決定するように構成された、
請求項1から11のうちいずれか1つに記載のシステム。 - 前記発熱体に結合されるように構成されかつ電流源抵抗器及び電流源スイッチを含む電流源をさらに備える、
請求項1から12のうちいずれか1つに記載のシステム。 - ユニバーサルシリアルバス電力レールを含むユニバーサルシリアルバスポートをさらに備え、
前記コンバータは、第3の電圧を前記ユニバーサルシリアルバス電力レールに出力するように構成された、
請求項1から13のうちいずれか1つに記載のシステム。 - 前記気化器噴霧器の前記電源及び前記電源に電気的に結合するように構成されたパルス幅変調(PWM)制御回路をさらに備え、
前記パルス幅変調制御回路は、前記発熱体にPWM電力を選択的に提供するようにさらに構成された、
請求項1から14のうちいずれか1つに記載のシステム。 - 前記電源は、バッテリである、
請求項1から15のうちいずれか1つに記載のシステム。 - 気化器噴霧器の発熱体を流れる電流を測定するステップであって、前記電流は、電源及び気化器噴霧器の発熱体に電気的に結合するように構成されたコンバータにより供給され、前記コンバータは、前記電源から第1の電圧を受け取って、4線式接続のうちの第1及び第2の線を用いて前記発熱体に第2の電圧を提供するようにさらに構成され、前記コンバータは、直流−直流コンバータである、ステップと、
4線式接続のうちの第3及び第4の線を用いて前記発熱体の電圧を測定するステップと、
電力及び/又は抵抗を計算するステップと、
前記第2の電圧を変化させて、前記発熱体の目標電力又は目標温度を維持するステップと、
を含む方法。 - 前記コンバータは、昇圧及び/又は降圧コンバータを含み、前記コンバータは、エネルギー貯蔵装置を含む、
請求項17に記載の方法。 - 前記エネルギー貯蔵装置は、スイッチドキャパシタトポロジー又はチャージポンプトポロジーのキャパシタを含む、
請求項18に記載の方法。 - 前記エネルギー貯蔵装置は、インダクタを含む、
請求項18に記載の方法。 - 制御信号をパルス幅変調信号、デジタルアナログ変換信号、又は集積回路間フォーマット信号として前記コンバータに提供するステップをさらに含む、
請求項17に記載の方法。 - マイクロコントローラ、前記コンバータ、及び前記発熱体の間に結合されたスイッチのゲートにパルス幅変調信号を印加するステップをさらに含む、
請求項17に記載の方法。 - 前記コンバータは、第1の電力レベルで動作するように構成され、
前記マイクロコントローラは、前記発熱体の前記測定された電流及び前記発熱体の前記測定された電圧に基づいて、第2の電力レベルを決定し、前記パルス幅変調信号を変更して、前記第2の電圧を変更するように前記スイッチを制御するように構成された、
請求項22に記載の方法。 - 前記コンバータは、加熱サイクルの間、前記発熱体に中断されない電力を提供するように構成された、
請求項17に記載の方法。 - 前記測定された電流の変化に基づいて、前記コンバータ及び前記発熱体の間の接点の接触抵抗の変化を決定する、
請求項17に記載の方法。 - 前記発熱体を通る前記電流を測定するステップは、発熱体を通る前記電流を前記発熱体への電力供給を中断することなく連続的に測定するステップを含む、
請求項17から25のうちいずれか1つに記載の方法。 - 前記発熱体の前記電圧を測定するステップは、前記発熱体の前記電圧を前記発熱体への電力供給を中断することなく連続的に測定するステップを含む、
請求項17から26のうちいずれか1つに記載の方法。 - 前記電源は、バッテリである、
請求項17から27のうちいずれか1つに記載の方法。
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