JP6948663B2 - Retaining wall and its formation method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a retaining wall and a method for forming the retaining wall.

Retaining walls are walls that are built to prevent the sides of cliffs and embankments from collapsing. Currently, most of them are made of concrete, and the front part of the wall is often made of concrete blocks.

When forming a retaining wall, coarse-grained drain material such as crushed stone is packed on the back side of the concrete block to ensure drainage, but the conventional retaining wall forming method using a concrete block is concrete. The blocks and coarse-grained drainage materials were treated independently of each other.

In such a conventional method, since the soil pressure from the coarse-grained drain material is applied to the concrete block, it is necessary to increase the weight of the concrete block so that the concrete block does not fall over. In order to solve this problem, in Patent Document 1, at least a part thereof is filled with cast-in-place concrete to enclose a plurality of concrete blocks integrated vertically, horizontally and vertically, and the back surface of each of the concrete blocks. As described above, a concrete stack having a plurality of frame materials attached to at least a part of each of the concrete blocks and a backfill material filled in each of the spaces composed of the back surface and the frame materials. The block retaining wall is disclosed.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-98093

However, the concrete masonry block retaining wall disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a problem that it is difficult to construct.

The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and an object of the present invention is to provide a retaining wall in which a concrete block on the front surface and a drain material on the back surface side are integrally connected and easy to construct. There is.

The retaining wall of the present invention is a retaining wall formed by stacking a plurality of concrete blocks on the front surface, and the concrete block has a front surface member serving as a front surface portion of the retaining wall and a front member protruding rearward from the front surface member. It is provided with a rear protruding member that supports the front member, and a stone stuffing basket made of a wire net and filled with coarse-grained drain material is arranged behind the concrete block, and is located on the front surface of the stone stuffing basket. The space between the concrete block is filled with cast-in-place concrete, and the concrete block and the stone-filled cage are fixed by the cast-in-place concrete. The coarse-grained drain material has a larger particle size than earth and sand and has better water permeability, and examples thereof include gravel, stone, crushed rock (crushed stone), and crushed concrete. Cast-in-place concrete is concrete that has not been hardened and is cast and hardened at the construction site of the retaining wall.

It is preferable that the cast-in-place concrete is also filled in the space between the rear surface of the front member of the concrete block and the rear projecting member.

The stone basket preferably includes a fixing auxiliary member extending from the front surface of the stone basket toward the concrete block.

The fixing auxiliary member may be at least one of a wire mesh, a reinforcing bar, and a resin net, and is preferably a wire mesh that continuously extends from the bottom surface of the stone basket.

The method for forming a retaining wall of the present invention is a method for forming a retaining wall formed by stacking a plurality of concrete blocks on the front surface, wherein the concrete block includes a front surface member serving as a front surface portion of the retaining wall and the front surface member. It is provided with a rear protruding member that protrudes rearward from the concrete block to support the front surface member, and is composed of a wire net at a position behind the concrete block and away from the concrete block in the step A of installing the concrete block. Step B of forming a stone stuffing basket, a step of filling the stone stuffing basket with coarse-grained drain material, and a step C of filling the space between the front surface of the stone stuffing basket and the concrete block with cast-in-place concrete. The concrete blocks are stacked in a plurality of stages by repeating the step A, the step B, and the step C.

Since the space between the concrete block and the stone-filled cage filled with coarse-grained drain material placed behind it is filled with cast-in-place concrete to fix the concrete block and the stone-filled cage, concrete. The retaining wall, which is a combination of blocks, stone cages, and cast-in-place concrete, has a structure that resists soil pressure, increasing the degree of freedom in designing concrete blocks and integrating the three. Easy to do.

It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the retaining wall which concerns on embodiment. It is a side view which shows the concrete block and the stone basket which make up one step of the retaining wall which concerns on embodiment. It is a side view which shows the concrete block and the stone basket which make up one step at the end along the retaining wall of the retaining wall which concerns on embodiment. It is a top view which shows the concrete block and the stone basket which make up one step of the retaining wall which concerns on embodiment. It is a front view which shows the concrete block and the stone basket which make up one step of the retaining wall which concerns on embodiment. It is 1st drawing which shows the method of forming the retaining wall which concerns on embodiment. It is 1st drawing which shows the method of forming the retaining wall which concerns on embodiment. It is 1st drawing which shows the method of forming the retaining wall which concerns on embodiment. It is 1st drawing which shows the method of forming the retaining wall which concerns on embodiment. It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the retaining wall which concerns on another embodiment. It is a side view which shows the concrete block and the stone basket which make up one step of the retaining wall which concerns on another embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the concrete block and the stone basket which constitute one step of the retaining wall which concerns on embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The following description of preferred embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to limit the invention, its applications or its uses. In the following drawings, for the sake of brevity, components having substantially the same function are indicated by the same reference numerals.

(Embodiment 1)
A schematic cross section of the retaining wall according to the first embodiment is shown in FIG. FIG. 1 shows a cross section perpendicular to the retaining wall 100. The front surface of the retaining wall 100 of the present embodiment is formed by the concrete block 10, and the stone stuffing basket 20 is arranged at a position away from the concrete block 10 on the cliff 300 side, and the concrete block 10 and the stone stuffing basket 20 are arranged. 20 is integrally fixed by cast-in-place concrete 30. The stone basket 20 is filled with a coarse-grained drain material 45.

A plurality of concrete blocks 10 and stone baskets 20 are stacked. In FIG. 1, they are stacked in 11 stages. A concrete block 10 is placed on the front side of each stage, and a stone basket 20 is arranged behind the concrete block 10 so as to be separated from each other, and cast-in-place concrete 30 is filled between the two. A drainage passage 40 is provided from the stone-filled cage 20 to the front portion of the concrete block 10 in a part of the cast-in-place concrete 30, and rainwater, groundwater, etc. passing through the stone-filled basket 20 are drained through the drainage passage 40. It appears on the front surface of the concrete block 10 through the concrete block 10 and flows into the drainage ditch 50 placed in front of the concrete block 10 at the bottom.

As shown in FIG. 2, the concrete block 10 and the stone basket 20 are installed apart from each other. A fixing auxiliary member 50 extends from the stone basket 20 toward the concrete block 10, and the concrete block 10 is placed on the tip portion of the fixing auxiliary member 50.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the concrete block 10 includes a front surface member 12 and a rear projecting member 14 that supports the front surface member 12. The front member 12 is a front portion of the retaining wall 100, and a plurality of vertical grooves are formed on the surface on the front side. Four rear projecting members 14 exist in one concrete block 10, and extend vertically rearward and vertically from the front member 12. Note that FIGS. 4 and 5 show only two adjacent sets of the concrete blocks 10 and the stone basket 20 arranged in large numbers in the horizontal direction, and the others are omitted.

The stone basket 20 is formed by combining a plurality of wire mesh panels. Here, a panel made of a welded wire mesh is used as the wire mesh panel, and the front panel 21 is substantially parallel to the front surface of the front member 12 of the concrete block 10. Further, the rear panel 22 is arranged vertically. At the end of the retaining wall 100 in the horizontal direction along the retaining wall, a side panel 24 is attached to the stone basket 20 as shown in FIG. The side panel 24 uses a rectangular wire mesh panel, which closes all the side surfaces and projects the front side portion above and forward from the front panel 21. At the boundary between the adjacent stone baskets 20, a middle frame member 23 made of a frame line is inserted for reinforcement. These wire meshes and frame lines have corrosion resistance and maintain their strength without rusting for a long period of time even after construction. Further, as shown in FIG. 12, a reinforcing member 29 is installed between the two middle frame members 23 to reinforce the uppermost portion and the bottom surface of the rear panel 22 by hooking them with a hook. Here, a drainage portion 16 communicating with the drainage passage 40 is provided below the front member 12.

The mesh of the wire mesh forming the front surface, the rear surface and the side surface of the stone basket 20 is set to a size such that the drain material 45 does not fall off.

The cast-in-place concrete 30 is filled between the concrete block 10 and the stone basket 20, and is also filled between the rear surface of the front member 12 of the concrete block 10 and the rear projecting member 14, and the stone basket 20 is filled. A part of the front panel 21 has penetrated into the inside through the mesh. In this manner, the concrete block 10 and the stone basket 20 are firmly fixed by the cast-in-place concrete 30.

Next, a method of forming the retaining wall of the present embodiment will be described.

First, the wire mesh that is the fixing auxiliary member 50 is arranged. This wire mesh also serves as the bottom surface of the stone basket 20. Further, the cliff-side end of the wire mesh is bent upward to form the rear panel 22 of the stone basket 20. This wire mesh is laid out in a range forming the retaining wall by arranging a plurality of wire meshes horizontally along the retaining wall.

Then the concrete block 10 is installed. A plurality of concrete blocks 10 are placed on the tip portion of the fixing auxiliary member 50, and a plurality of concrete blocks 10 are arranged in the horizontal direction along the retaining wall surface. In this way, the wire mesh, which is the fixing auxiliary member 50, is fixed by the concrete block 10.

Next, a stone basket 20 is formed at a location separated rearward from the concrete block 10. The wire mesh, which is the fixing auxiliary member 50, is used as the bottom surface and the rear surface, and the front panel 21, the middle frame member 23, and the side panel 24 are combined and connected by using a coil to form the stone basket 20. The completed state of the stone basket 20 is shown in FIG. The member for connecting the wire mesh panels to each other is not limited to the coil, and various members such as a clip, a dedicated connecting member, and a wire rod can be used.

When the stone stuffing basket 20 is formed, a coarse-grained drain material 45 (for example, concrete crushed stone, crusher run, particle size adjusting crushed stone, single particle size crushed stone, gravel stone, crushed stone) is filled therein.

Then, concrete is poured into the space between the front surface of the stone basket 20 and the concrete block 10 to fill the cast-in-place concrete 30 (FIG. 6). The cast-in-place concrete 30 is also filled between the rear projecting members 14 of the concrete block 10. The cast-in-place concrete 30 passes through the mesh of the front panel 21 of the stone basket 20 and partially invades the inside of the stone basket 20 to be hardened. Therefore, the stone basket 20 and the cast-in-place concrete 30 are more firmly fixed, and therefore the stone-filled basket 20 and the concrete block 10 are more firmly fixed via the cast-in-place concrete 30. A suction sheet such as a non-woven fabric is not arranged between the front panel 21 and the drain material 45 so that the concrete enters in this way.

As described above, the bottom row (first row) is completed.

Next, the wire mesh, which is the second-stage fixing auxiliary member 50, is arranged on the first-stage concrete block 10, the cast-in-place concrete 30, and the stone basket 20. Then, by performing the same process as the first stage, the second stage concrete block 10 is installed to form the stone basket 20 (FIG. 7).

Then, in the same manner as in the first stage, the inside of the stone basket 20 is filled with coarse-grained drain material 45, and the space between the second-stage concrete block 10 and the stone basket 20 is filled with cast-in-place concrete 30. (Fig. 8). In this way, the second stage is completed.

Then, the concrete block 10 of the third stage is installed in the same manner as the second stage to form the stone basket 20 (FIG. 9). By repeating the above, the retaining wall 100 is formed by stacking up to the target number of steps.

In the present embodiment, since the stone-filled cage 20 and the concrete block 10 are fixed via the cast-in-place concrete 30, the concrete block 10 constituting the front surface of the retaining wall and the stone-filled basket 20 in charge of the drainage function are connected. It is integrated and can receive earth pressure from the cliff side as one. Therefore, the concrete block 10 is not made heavier than necessary, the construction is easy, and both the cost of the member and the cost of the construction are reduced. Further, since the fixing auxiliary member 50 is integrated with the bottom surface and the rear surface of the stone basket 20, the member cost can be reduced and the construction time can be shortened, which makes the construction easier.

Since the stone basket 20 has both a drainage function and a formwork function (formwork of cast-in-place concrete), the number of members can be reduced and the labor for construction can be reduced. Further, since the cast-in-place concrete is configured to invade the inside from the front surface of the stone basket 20, the fixing and integrity as a whole are ensured.

(Embodiment 2)
As shown in FIG. 10, the retaining wall according to the second embodiment has a larger angle of the retaining wall 100a with respect to the ground than that of the first embodiment. Therefore, the shape (angle) of the concrete block 10a is adjusted accordingly to the concrete block 10 of the first embodiment. The shape of the stone-packed basket 20a is a rectangular parallelepiped, and it is stacked directly above the stone-packed basket 20a below. In the first embodiment, when the stone baskets 20 are stacked, they are placed at a different position on the rear side, and are stacked in a staircase pattern. Other than that, the configuration, the forming method, and the like are the same as those in the first embodiment.

The retaining wall 100a according to the second embodiment also has the same effect as the retaining wall 100 according to the first embodiment.

(Other embodiments)
The above-described embodiment is an example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to these examples, and well-known techniques, conventional techniques, and known techniques may be combined or partially replaced with these examples. The invention of the present application also includes modified inventions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art.

The relationship between the concrete block and the stone basket may be one-to-one or other. For example, two concrete blocks and one stone cage may have the same height, and one stone cage may correspond to two concrete blocks in the vertical direction, or a plurality of concretes may correspond to each other in the horizontal direction. One stone basket may correspond to the block.

The shape and number of the rear protruding members of the concrete block are not particularly limited. It may have a shape that projects horizontally rearward from the bottom of the front member.

The structure of the stone basket is not limited to the above-mentioned structure. For example, a diamond-shaped wire mesh or a punching metal may be used as the wire mesh. Further, in the first embodiment, a rectangular parallelepiped-shaped stone basket may be used.

The wire mesh constituting the stone basket is preferably rust-proofed, for example, zinc-aluminum alloy plated.

The fixing auxiliary member may be a wire mesh, a wire rod, a resin rod, a net, a rope, a cloth, etc., may extend from the bottom surface of the stone basket, or may be in the height direction of the stone basket. It may extend from any position, and is preferably connected and fixed to a concrete block. When the fixing auxiliary member is a wire mesh, it is preferable to form it integrally with the stone basket, but it may be installed in a form of being attached to the stone basket when forming the stone basket. The fixing auxiliary member extends to the bottom of the concrete block, and when the concrete block is placed on the concrete block, the integrity of the stone basket and the concrete block is improved, and both are fixed more firmly.

When the fixing auxiliary member is a wire mesh, the fixing auxiliary member may also serve only the bottom surface of the stone basket.

As shown in FIG. 11, a triangular inner frame member 28 may be used instead of a rectangular shape.

The bottom tier of the concrete block and the stone basket may be embedded under the ground so that it appears on the ground from the second tier. In that case, the stone basket at the bottom to be embedded is filled with cast-in-place concrete, and it is not necessary to fill it with coarse-grained drain material.

10,10a Concrete block 12 Front member 14 Rear protruding member 20,20a Stone basket 30 Cast-in-place concrete 45 Coarse grain drain material 50 Fixing auxiliary member 100,100a Retaining wall

Claims (6)

It is a retaining wall formed by stacking multiple concrete blocks on the front.
The concrete block includes a front member that serves as a front portion of a retaining wall, and a rear protruding member that projects rearward from the front member to support the front member.
Behind the concrete block, a stone basket made of wire mesh and filled with coarse-grained drain material is arranged.
The space between the front surface of the stone basket and the concrete block is filled with cast-in-place concrete.
A retaining wall in which the concrete block and the stone basket are fixed by the cast-in-place concrete. The retaining wall according to claim 1, wherein the cast-in-place concrete is also filled in a space between the rear surface of the front member of the concrete block and the rear protruding member. The retaining wall according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the stone basket includes a fixing auxiliary member extending from the front surface of the stone basket toward the concrete block. The retaining wall according to claim 3, wherein the fixing auxiliary member is at least one of a wire mesh, a reinforcing bar, and a resin mesh. The retaining wall according to claim 4, wherein the fixing auxiliary member is a wire mesh continuously extending from the bottom surface of the stone basket. It is a method of forming a retaining wall formed by stacking multiple concrete blocks on the front surface.
The concrete block includes a front member that serves as a front portion of a retaining wall, and a rear projecting member that projects rearward from the front member to support the front member.
Step A to install the concrete block and
Step B of forming a stone basket made of wire mesh behind the concrete block and at a position away from the concrete block.
The process of filling the stone basket with coarse-grained drain material, and
A step C of filling the space between the front surface of the stone cage and the concrete block with cast-in-place concrete is included, and the concrete blocks are stacked in a plurality of stages by repeating the step A, the step B, and the step C. , How to form a retaining wall.

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