JP6949348B2 - Opposed collision processing device and opposed collision processing method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a counter-collision processing apparatus that utilizes collisions between fluids to homogenize the fluid such as emulsification and dispersion of fine particles and / or to atomize the fluid by pulverization.

Cellulose is naturally a fibrous form of plants, such as woody plants such as hardwoods and conifers, herbaceous plants such as bamboo and reeds, some animals represented by squirrels, and some represented by acetic acid bacteria. It is known that it is produced by the fungi of. Those having a structure in which these cellulose molecules are aggregated in a fibrous form are called cellulose fibers. In particular, cellulose fibers having a fiber width of 100 nm or less and an aspect ratio of 100 or more are generally called cellulose nanofibers (CNF), and have excellent properties such as light weight, high strength, and low thermal expansion rate.

In nature, CNF does not exist as a single fiber except for CNF produced by some fungi such as acetic acid bacteria. Most of the CNFs exist in a state of having a micro-sized fiber width that is strongly assembled by an interaction represented by a hydrogen bond between CNFs. Fibers having the micro-sized fiber width also exist as higher-order aggregates.

In the process of papermaking, wood, which is an aggregate of these fibers, is defibrated to the state of pulp having a micro-sized fiber width by a pulping method typified by the craft cooking method, which is one of the chemical pulping methods. , Paper is manufactured from this as a raw material. The fiber width of this pulp varies depending on the raw material, but it is 5-20 μm for bleached kraft pulp made from hardwood, 20-80 μm for bleached kraft pulp made from softwood, and 5-20 μm for bleached kraft pulp made from bamboo. Degree.

As described above, these pulps having a micro-sized fiber width are aggregates of single fibers having a fibrous morphology in which CNFs are strongly aggregated by an interaction represented by hydrogen bonds, and by further defibrating. CNFs with nano-sized fiber widths can be obtained.

As disclosed in Patent Document 1, the underwater opposed collision method, which is a method for physically preparing CNF, has two nozzles in which natural cellulose fibers suspended in water face each other in a chamber (FIG. 5: 107). (FIG. 5: 108a, 108b), this is a method of injecting and colliding from these nozzles toward one point (FIG. 5). According to this method, suspended water of natural microcrystalline cellulose fibers (for example, funacell) is made to collide with each other, and the surface thereof is nanofibrillated and peeled off to improve the affinity with water as a carrier. It is possible to reach a state close to dissolution. The device shown in FIG. 5 is of a liquid circulation type, with a tank (FIG. 5: 109), a plunger (FIG. 5: 110), two opposing nozzles (FIGS. 5: 108a, 108b), and heat as needed. A exchanger (FIG. 5: 111) is provided, and fine particles dispersed in water are introduced into two nozzles and jetted from the nozzles (FIGS. 5: 108a and 108b) facing each other under high pressure to cause a facing collision in water. In this method, only water is used in addition to the natural cellulose fibers, and nano-miniaturization is performed by rupturing only the interaction between the fibers, so that there is no structural change in the cellulose molecules, and the degree of polymerization decreases due to the rupture. It is possible to obtain nano-miniaturized products in a minimized state.

Regarding the opposed collision processing device used in the underwater opposed collision method also disclosed in Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2 reduces damage to the emulsified portion due to the collision of the injection fluid as much as possible, and in particular, the opposed injection flow directly collides with the nozzle. The main purpose is to provide an improved counter-collision processing device that does not occur, and to increase the efficiency of crushing and atomizing by utilizing emulsification and dispersion due to collision between fluids and / or collision between fluids. A housing having an internal chamber and a first nozzle means and a second nozzle means attached to the housing so as to inject a high-pressure fluid into the internal chamber are provided, and the first nozzle means and the second nozzle are provided. In the means, each injection direction is determined so that the injection flows of each other can intersect with each other at an angle at one point ahead of each nozzle outlet, and at least one of the first nozzle means and the second nozzle means. A facing collision processing apparatus characterized in that it is provided with an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the injection direction has been disclosed.

JP-A-2005-270891 Patent 3151706

In the method shown in Patent Document 1, two opposing nozzles 108a and 108b are used, and when the high-pressure water flow injected from one nozzle 108a hits the other nozzle 108b, the nozzle itself is damaged, so that the other nozzle 108b It was necessary to shift the angle so that it would not hit. Therefore, the collision energy did not reach the maximum value and caused a loss. For example, assuming that the energy in the case of a head-on collision is 100%, the energy is cos 10 ° ≈ 98.5% when the angle is shifted by 10 °. This loss led to an increase in energy costs.

Further, the jets ejected from the nozzles 108a and 108b inevitably spread in a conical shape and have a water flow diameter larger than the nozzle diameter. Therefore, in order to improve efficiency, it is necessary to make the distance between the nozzles as close as possible. However, if the distances between the nozzles are reduced in this way, the risk that the high-pressure water flow injected from one nozzle 108a hits the other nozzle 108b and is damaged becomes significantly greater. Therefore, in order to prevent the jet flow from the nozzles 108a and 108b from damaging the other nozzle, it is necessary to keep the nozzles apart by a certain distance or more.

Further, in the method shown in Patent Document 1, since the jet flow from the nozzles 108a and 108b runs in water, the collision energy becomes smaller as the distance between the 108a and 108b increases. Therefore, in order to obtain the energy required for miniaturization, the required collision energy cannot be obtained unless the initial injection speed is increased more than necessary. This also exacerbated energy costs.

Further, since it is important to suppress the diffusion of the jet flow from the nozzles 108a and 108b, it is indispensable to improve the straightness by high-precision processing, which reduces the cost of the consumable nozzles 108a and 108b themselves. It was the cause of the increase.

In addition, when water streams collide with each other, they are miniaturized by the energy of water. Since its energy is smaller than the covalent bond, it does not reduce the molecular weight (degree of polymerization) of the polysaccharide. However, since the water flow of the slurry that did not collide with each other collides with the hard wall surface, the polysaccharide contained in the slurry is mechanically refined and the molecular weight is lowered.

Further, even if the apparatus of Patent Document 2 includes an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the injection direction of at least one of the first nozzle means and the second nozzle means, the adjustment of the injection direction by the adjustment mechanism is laboratory-like. However, even if it is possible in the laboratory, there is a problem that it is extremely inefficient when it is practically implemented in an industrial production line.
Specifically, it is difficult to manually adjust the angle of the injection direction extremely finely, and moreover, the best angle is found and the injection direction is manually fixed to the found best angle. This work is practically impossible.

In view of the above problems of the prior art, the present invention is an opposed collision processing apparatus and an opposed collision that can be easily carried out on an industrial production line by increasing the efficiency of making fine particles by collision between fluids. The purpose is to provide a processing method.

That is, the opposed collision processing device of the present invention includes a first nozzle means, a second nozzle means, and a third nozzle means mounted so as to inject a high-pressure fluid into the main body protection ring, and each of the nozzle means is provided. The injection directions of the first nozzle means, the second nozzle means, and the third nozzle means are determined so that the injection flows of the above can intersect each other with an intersection angle at one point ahead of each nozzle outlet. It is characterized in that the injected high-pressure fluid jets collide with each other to homogenize the fluid such as emulsification and dispersion of fine particles, and / or to atomize the fluid by pulverization.

Since the first nozzle means, the second nozzle means, and the third nozzle means are provided in this way, the jet flow from the nozzles does not hit the other two nozzles, and the distance between the nozzles can be shortened.

Each nozzle can be arranged to be located at each apex of an equilateral triangle, in which case each jet of each nozzle means has a crossing angle of 120 degrees at one point ahead of each nozzle outlet. Each jet direction can be determined so as to intersect. The energy in this case is cos60 ° for a perfect facing collision, which is half the maximum energy. However, at the time of collision, it collides with the jets from the other two nozzles, so 1/2 x 2 = 1.0, and 100% of the injected energy can be used.
Moreover, since the distance between the nozzles can be shortened to the utmost limit, it is possible to greatly suppress a decrease in energy when the jet flow runs in water.

At least one of the first nozzle means, the second nozzle means, and the third nozzle means is fixed, and the other nozzle means can rotate with a constant injection direction as a rotation center and a constant injection direction. A rotating mechanism is provided to make the nozzle.

In this way, by providing a rotation mechanism for making the injection direction constant and rotatable around a constant injection direction as the center of rotation, the nozzle provided with the rotation mechanism can be rotated with the injection direction constant. By doing so, it becomes possible to adjust the jet flow from the fixed nozzle, that is, the just point of collision with the jet water. As a result, the high-pressure fluids injected from the first nozzle means, the second nozzle means, and the third nozzle means collide diagonally with each other at one point in the main body protection ring, and the collision force at this time homogenizes the fluid and / / Alternatively, fine particles are formed.

The nozzle means provided with the rotating mechanism can be arranged eccentrically from the position where the high-pressure fluid is injected toward one point on the central axis of the main body protection ring.
By being arranged eccentrically in this way, when the first nozzle means is ejected, the jet water ejected from the first nozzle means, the second nozzle means, and the third nozzle means does not collide with each other, but is eccentric during operation. Since the nozzle on the side can rotate, it is possible to easily adjust to the collision just point with a tool such as a screwdriver even while driving.

The main body protection ring is provided with a through hole on an extension line in the injection direction from the first nozzle means, the second nozzle means, and the third nozzle means. As a result, even if the jet water injected from the first nozzle means, the second nozzle means, and the third nozzle means does not collide with each other when the first nozzle means is injected, the jet water is discharged from the through hole located on the extension line of the injection direction. It is discharged to the outside. By rotating the nozzle provided with the rotation mechanism in a constant injection direction in view of the amount of jet water discharged, the jet flow from the fixed nozzle, that is, the just point of collision with the jet water is adjusted. The optimum position can be grasped.

The body protection ring is provided with a pressure sensor at a required position of a through hole provided on an extension line of the injection direction from the first nozzle means, the second nozzle means, and the third nozzle means or on the extension line of the injection direction. Can be. The just point can be determined digitally from the signal of this pressure sensor.
Further, in this case, by constantly monitoring the signal of the pressure sensor even during the operation, it is possible to detect an abnormality such as a deviation of the collision point due to wear of the nozzle or the like.

The micronization of fluid by the counter-collision treatment device of the present invention can be applied to materials such as foods, cosmetics, chemicals, paints, ceramics, and electronic materials, including polysaccharide slurry such as pulp and natural cellulose fibers suspended in water. Can be done on the subject.

Further, in the opposed collision processing method of the present invention, the first nozzle means, the second nozzle means and the third nozzle means are attached so as to inject a high-pressure fluid into the main body protection ring, and the first nozzle means and the second nozzle means are attached. The first nozzle means and the second nozzle means determine the injection directions of the first nozzle means and the third nozzle means so that the injection flows can intersect with each other at an angle at one point ahead of the respective nozzle outlets. The high-pressure fluid jets ejected from the third nozzle means and the third nozzle means collide with each other to homogenize the fluid such as emulsification and dispersion of fine particles, and / or to atomize the fluid by pulverization. ..

As the nozzle means, a known nozzle capable of injecting a high-pressure fluid can be applied.

According to the opposed collision processing apparatus of the present invention, the efficiency of making fine particles by collision between fluids is increased, and it can be practically and easily applied in an industrial production line.

It is sectional drawing of the opposed collision processing apparatus of one Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of the opposed collision processing device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2B is a side view of the opposed collision processing device according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2A. It is explanatory drawing which shows the mode of operation of the opposed collision processing apparatus of this embodiment shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the facing collision processing apparatus of another embodiment of this invention, (a) is the explanatory view which shows the whole relationship, and (b) (a) is the α partial enlarged view of the figure. Explanatory drawing of the conventional method.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the opposed collision processing apparatus of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, the opposed collision processing device 1 of the present embodiment is provided with respect to the main body protection ring 3 as well as the first nozzle means 4 which is arranged so as to be able to supply the polysaccharide slurry to the main body protection ring 3. It has a second nozzle means 5 and a third nozzle means 5a arranged so that the polysaccharide slurry can be supplied.
In each of the nozzle means 4, 5, and 5a, each jet direction is determined so that the jet streams can intersect with each other with an intersection angle a, b, c of 120 degrees at one point ahead of each nozzle outlet. There is.
In this way, the fact that each jet direction is determined so as to be crossable with the crossing angles a, b, and c of 120 degrees means that each jet flow from each nozzle means 4, 5, 5a is substantially. It means that the jet direction is determined so as to travel on the same plane. In other words, from each nozzle means 4, 5, 5a only when the jet direction is determined so that each jet flow from each nozzle means 4, 5, 5a travels substantially on the same plane. The jet direction can be determined so that the jet streams can cross each other with crossing angles a, b, and c of 120 degrees at one point ahead of each nozzle outlet. That is, when the jet direction is not determined so that the jet flows from the nozzle means 4, 5, 5a travel substantially on the same plane, the nozzle means 4, 5, 5a are inevitably The jet streams intersect at intersection angles a, b, and c narrower than 120 degrees.
By colliding the high-pressure fluid jets injected from the first nozzle means 4, the second nozzle means 5, and the third nozzle means 5a with each other, the fluid is homogenized and / or such as emulsification and dispersion of fine particles. The fluid can be made into fine particles by pulverization.

In the description of the preferred embodiment of the opposed collision processing device 1 of the present invention shown in FIGS. An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the second nozzle means 5. However, in the opposed collision processing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, although the illustration is omitted, the third nozzle means 5a has the same embodiment as the second nozzle means 5, and each nozzle means 4, 5 as shown in FIG. Each of the jet streams of 5a is provided so as to be crossable with each other having an intersection angle a, b, c of 120 degrees at one point ahead of each nozzle outlet.
Therefore, as in the above-described embodiment, the fact that the jetting directions are determined so as to be crossable with the crossing angles a, b, and c of 120 degrees in this way means that the nozzle means 4, 5, 5a It means that the jet direction of each jet from is defined so as to travel substantially on the same plane. In other words, from each nozzle means 4, 5, 5a only when the jet direction is determined so that each jet flow from each nozzle means 4, 5, 5a travels substantially on the same plane. The jet direction can be determined so that the jet streams can cross each other with crossing angles a, b, and c of 120 degrees at one point ahead of each nozzle outlet. That is, when the jet direction is not determined so that the jet flows from the nozzle means 4, 5, 5a travel substantially on the same plane, the nozzle means 4, 5, 5a are inevitably The jet streams intersect at intersection angles a, b, and c narrower than 120 degrees.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the opposed collision processing device 1 of the present embodiment, the main body protection in the chamber in which the first nozzle means 4 and the second nozzle means 5 (third nozzle means 5a) are fixed to the casing 2 The polysaccharide slurry can be supplied to the ring 3.

A treatment liquid supply tube 6a having a treatment liquid inlet (not shown) supplied from a tank (not shown) is screwed into the casing 2 at one end opening with a plug 6b, and the other end opening collides with the main body protection ring 3 to be made into fine particles. The treated liquid discharge tube 7a forming the treated liquid outlet is screwed into the plug 7b. Further, nozzle holders 8a and 8b are attached to the casing 2 in the first nozzle means 4 and the second nozzle means 5, respectively, and commercially available nozzle tips 9a and 9b are attached to the nozzle holders 8a and 8b, respectively. .. The nozzle holders 8a and 8b are fixed to the casing 2 by screws 10a ..., 10b ... Via the nozzle cap 15.
Further, the casing 2 is formed with flow paths 11a and 11b for connecting the respective nozzle tips 9a and 9b to the treatment liquid inlet of the treatment liquid supply tube 6a.

The nozzle tips 9a and 9b are crossed with the first nozzle means 4 so that the injection angles are horizontal and the injection loci can intersect with each other at an angle in the vicinity of the cylindrical central axis A of the cylindrical body protection ring 3. It is fixed to the nozzle means 5. The injection angles of the nozzle tips 9a and 9b are determined to be angles at which the loss of fluid force is minimized when the two jets collide at the intersection, and the injection directions are fixed and invariant. The angle that satisfies the above conditions can be determined according to the configuration of the device. By colliding the high-pressure fluid jets ejected from the nozzle tips 9a and 9b with each other in this way, the fluid is homogenized such as emulsification and dispersion of fine particles, and / or the fluid is atomized by pulverization.

The nozzle tips 9a and 9b are first so that the injection angles are lowered by about 15 degrees from the horizontal and the injection loci can intersect at an angle in the vicinity of the cylindrical central axis A of the cylindrical body protection ring 3. It is fixed to the nozzle means 4 and the second nozzle means 5. The injection angles of the nozzle tips 9a and 9b are determined to be angles at which the loss of fluid force is minimized when the two jets collide at the intersection, and the injection directions are fixed and invariant. The angle that satisfies the above conditions can be determined according to the configuration of the device. By colliding the high-pressure fluid jets ejected from the nozzle tips 9a and 9b with each other in this way, the fluid is homogenized such as emulsification and dispersion of fine particles, and / or the fluid is atomized by pulverization.

The first nozzle means 4, which is one of the first nozzle means 4 and the second nozzle means 5, is fixed to the main body protection ring 3 and the injection direction X. The other second nozzle means 5 has a nozzle cap 15 which is a rotation mechanism for making the nozzle tip 9b rotatable by keeping the injection direction Y constant with the constant injection direction Y as the rotation center. ..

A discharge conduit 18a, which uses a ceramic pipe on the outside of the main body protection ring 3 in a manner of communicating with through holes 13a, 13b provided on the inner wall of the main body protection ring 3 at positions facing the injection ports of the nozzle tips 9a, 9b. 18b is attached. Pressure sensors 19a and 19b are attached to the terminals of the discharge conduits 18a and 18b.

In the opposed collision processing apparatus of the above embodiment, the high-pressure fluid introduced from the processing liquid supply tube 6a goes to the nozzle tips 9a and 9b through the flow paths 11a and 11b provided in the casing 2, and from here. The injection is directed toward a point on the central axis A of the main body protection ring 3. As a result, at one point on the central axis A of the main body protection ring 3, the high-pressure fluids ejected from the nozzle tips 9a and 9b collide with each other, and the fluid is homogenized and / or pulverized, such as emulsification and dispersion of fine particles. Is expected to be micronized.
However, due to assembly accuracy and the like, it cannot be guaranteed that the jet flows from the nozzle tips 9a and 9b intersect at one point on the central axis A in the direction of maximum efficiency due to the influence of machining accuracy and the like. Normally, it is assembled in a direction that is different from the direction of the intersection with maximum efficiency.

Therefore, injection from each nozzle tip 9a and 9b was attempted, and the nozzle cap 15 screw 17 was loosened and the nozzle holder 8b was rotated by a flat-blade screwdriver or the like to make the nozzle tip 9b constant in the injection direction Y and unchanged. In this state, it rotates about the injection direction Y as the rotation center. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, there is always an intersection point Z that intersects at an angle in the vicinity of the cylindrical central axis A of the cylindrical body protection ring 3, and when the point Z is found, the nozzle holder is formed by the screw 17. Stop the rotation position of 8b.

The intersection point Z is specified as follows.
Each nozzle is connected to the discharge conduits 18a and 18b attached to the outside of the main body protection ring 3 so as to communicate with the through holes 13a and 13b provided on the inner wall of the main body protection ring 3 at positions facing the jet ports of the nozzle tips 9a and 9b. Of the jet flows from the injection ports of the chips 9a and 9b, the jet flows that have passed through without colliding with each other are introduced. As a result, the pressure sensors 19a and 19b attached to the terminals of the discharge conduits 18a and 18b have the lowest detected pressure, that is, the jet flows from the injection ports of the nozzle tips 9a and 9b are opposed to each other. The rotation of the nozzle holder 8b is stopped at the timing when the jet flow that has passed through the nozzle holder 8b is the smallest. In this way, the intersection point Z can be digitally detected by the numerical value of the detection data from the pressure sensors 19a and 19b.

FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram of an opposed collision processing device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, in the present embodiment, in the second nozzle means 5 in the above-described embodiment, the nozzle tip 9b is directed toward a point on the central axis A of the main body protection ring 3. It is attached as shown by a broken line, intentionally eccentric from the position indicated by the solid line intended to be injected, at a slight interval.
Also in the opposed collision processing device of the present embodiment, injection from each nozzle tip 9a and 9b is tried in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment, the screw 17 of the nozzle cap 15 is loosened, and the nozzle holder 8b is moved by a tool such as a flat-blade screwdriver. The nozzle tip 9b is rotated so that the injection direction Y is constant, and the nozzle tip 9b is rotated around the injection direction Y in an invariant state. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, there is always an intersection point Z that intersects at an angle in the vicinity of the cylindrical central axis A of the cylindrical body protection ring 3, and when the intersection point Z is found, the screw 17 is tightened. By stopping the rotation of the nozzle holder 8b, the jet flows from the injection ports of the nozzle tips 9a and 9b can be easily adjusted to positions where they collide with each other with maximum efficiency.
The amount of eccentricity of the second nozzle means 5 can be determined based on the simple and efficient amount of eccentricity obtained experimentally through the operation.

1 ... Opposed collision processing device, 2 ... Casing, 3 ... Chamber, 4 ... First nozzle means, 5 ... Second nozzle means, 9a, 9b ... Nozzle tip, 12a, 12b ... Injection hole, 13a, 13b ... Through hole, A ... Main body protection ring central axis, X, Y ... Injection direction, 15 ... Nozzle cap, 17 ... Screw, 18a, 18b ... Discharge conduit, 19a, 19b ... Pressure sensor.

Claims (4)

A first mounted to inject high-pressure liquid fluid into the body protection ring
A nozzle means, a second nozzle means, and a third nozzle means are provided, and each of the nozzle means allows each injection flow to intersect with each other at a point ahead of each nozzle outlet with an intersection angle. Is defined, and the high-pressure liquid injection flows ejected from the first nozzle means, the second nozzle means, and the third nozzle means collide with each other to emulsify and homogenize the liquid fluid by dispersing fine particles. / Or in the opposed collision processing device that atomizes the liquid fluid by pulverization, each of the nozzle means allows each injection flow to intersect with each other at a point ahead of each nozzle outlet with an intersection angle of 120 degrees. A counter-collision processing device characterized in that each injection direction is defined. The high-pressure liquid fluid is a polysaccharide slurry, at least one of the first nozzle means, the second nozzle means, and the third nozzle means is fixed, and the other nozzle means rotate in a certain injection direction. A rotation mechanism is provided to make the injection direction constant and rotatable, and the nozzle means provided with the rotation mechanism injects a high-pressure liquid fluid toward a point on the central axis of the main body protection ring. The opposed collision processing apparatus according to claim 1, which is arranged eccentrically in advance from the position where the nozzle is formed.
Each nozzle means includes a first nozzle means, a second nozzle means, and a third nozzle means, which are mounted so as to inject a high-pressure liquid fluid into a main body protection ring. Each injection direction is determined so as to have an intersection angle at one point on the other side so that they can intersect with each other, and the high-pressure liquid-fluid injection flows injected from the first nozzle means, the second nozzle means, and the third nozzle means. In a counter-collision processing device that homogenizes the liquid fluid by emulsification and dispersion of fine particles and / or atomizes the liquid fluid by pulverization by colliding with each other, the main body protection ring has the first nozzle means and the second nozzle means. An opposed collision processing device characterized in that a through hole is provided on an extension line in the injection direction from the nozzle means and the third nozzle means. The first nozzle means, the second nozzle means, and the third nozzle means are attached so as to inject the high-pressure liquid fluid into the main body protection ring, and the first nozzle means, the second nozzle means, and the third nozzle means are attached to each other. Each injection direction is determined so that the injection flows can intersect with each other at an angle at one point ahead of each nozzle outlet, and the injection flows are injected from the first nozzle means, the second nozzle means, and the third nozzle means. In the opposed collision treatment method in which the high-pressure liquid-fluid jets collide with each other to homogenize the liquid fluid by emulsification and dispersion of fine particles and / or to make the liquid fluid finer by pulverization, each of the nozzle means is described. Each injection direction is determined so that the injection flows intersect at one point ahead of each nozzle outlet with an intersection angle of 120 degrees, and the first nozzle means, the second nozzle means, and the third nozzle means A facing collision processing method, characterized in that each injection flow of each nozzle means is penetrated through a through hole provided in the main body protection ring on an extension line of the injection direction.

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