JP6952527B2 - Absorption chiller - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an absorption chiller.

There is known an absorption chiller that obtains a low temperature by vaporizing a refrigerant in another container by a low pressure generated when a refrigerant having a high absorption capacity absorbs a refrigerant such as water. In particular, in an absorption chiller for air conditioning, an aqueous solution of lithium bromide (water-soluble salt) is used as an operating medium.

In the absorption chiller using this lithium bromide aqueous solution, a regenerator that heats the lithium bromide aqueous solution to evaporate water, a condenser that cools and condenses water vapor supplied from the regenerator to generate water, and a condenser. An evaporator that evaporates the water supplied from the condenser under reduced pressure and obtains low-temperature cold heat from the heat of vaporization, and an absorber that absorbs the water vapor supplied from the evaporator into a lithium bromide aqueous solution to reduce the pressure inside the evaporator. And have.

In this type of absorption chiller, water is evaporated under reduced pressure in the evaporator, so that it is not possible to obtain cold heat at a temperature lower than the freezing point (0 ° C.) of water in the evaporator.

Patent Document 1 discloses an absorption chiller capable of lowering the freezing point of the mixed solution in the evaporator to 0 ° C. or lower by using a mixed solution in which 1.4 dioxane (water-soluble organic liquid) is mixed with water. ing.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-275354

Here, in the conventional absorption chiller, since the only component that evaporates between the regenerator and the evaporator is water, the vapor composition does not differ between the regenerator and the evaporator. Therefore, in the conventional absorption chiller, stable operation is achieved by operating the regenerator and the evaporator so that the steam flow rates are equal.

On the other hand, since the absorption chiller disclosed in Patent Document 1 uses a mixed solution of 1.4 dioxane mixed with water, the steam composition and the steam flow rate in the regenerator and the evaporator are equal to each other. It is necessary to operate in.

However, in an absorption chiller using such a mixed liquid, stable operation becomes difficult because the liquid composition in the regenerator changes with time.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to operate the absorption chiller in a stable manner.

In order to solve the above problems, a regenerator in which a liquid obtained by mixing water, a water-soluble salt and a water-soluble organic liquid is used as an operating medium, and the operating medium is heated to evaporate water and the water-soluble organic liquid, and the regeneration A condenser that cools and condenses the first mixed steam evaporated in the vessel, an evaporator that evaporates the condensed liquid condensed in the condenser under reduced pressure and obtains low-temperature cold heat by the heat of vaporization, and an evaporator that generates low-temperature cold heat. A first liquid that measures at least one of the concentration or liquid composition of the working medium supplied to the regenerator in an absorption refrigerator having an absorber that absorbs the second mixed vapor into a water-soluble salt. An absorption refrigerator having a composition measuring device and a control device for adjusting the liquid composition of the working medium supplied to the regenerator based on the measurement result by the first liquid composition measuring device.

According to the present invention, the absorption chiller can be operated stably.

It is a schematic diagram explaining the structure of the absorption chiller and its system which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure explaining the liquid composition measurement method. It is a figure explaining the freezing point of the working medium of a three-component system containing water, lithium bromide, and 1.4 dioxane. FIG. 3 is a temperature dependence diagram of the vapor composition of water and 1.4 dioxane in the regenerator and evaporator at the position of water mole fraction Xc = C. FIG. 3 is a temperature dependence diagram of the vapor composition of water and 1.4 dioxane in the regenerator and the evaporator at the position of water mole fraction Xc = A. FIG. 3 is a temperature dependence diagram of the vapor composition of water and 1.4 dioxane in the regenerator and evaporator at the position of water mole fraction Xc = B. It is a liquid composition diagram in each container, and shows the time-dependent change of the weight fraction of a liquid composition. It is a liquid composition diagram in each container, and shows the time-dependent change of the weight fraction of a liquid composition. It is a figure explaining the relationship between the water mole fraction of the mixed liquid in a regenerator and the water mole fraction of a mixed liquid in an evaporator in an absorption refrigerator. It is a schematic diagram explaining the structure and the system of the absorption chiller which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a liquid composition diagram in each container in 2nd Embodiment, and shows the time-dependent change of the weight fraction of a liquid composition. It is a liquid composition diagram in each container in 2nd Embodiment, and shows the time-dependent change of the weight fraction of a liquid composition. It is a figure explaining the relationship between the water mole fraction of the mixed liquid in a regenerator and the water mole fraction of a mixed liquid in an evaporator in an absorption refrigerator.

Hereinafter, the absorption chiller 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of the absorption chiller 1 and its system according to the embodiment.

[Construction of absorption chiller]
As shown in FIG. 1, the absorption chiller 1 is a regenerator 10 that heats an operating medium and evaporates a predetermined component, and a condenser that cools and condenses the vapor supplied from the regenerator 10 to generate a liquid. 20 and the evaporator 30 which evaporates the liquid supplied from the condenser 20 under reduced pressure and obtains low-temperature cold heat by the heat of vaporization, and the vapor supplied from the evaporator 30 is absorbed by the lithium bromide aqueous solution to absorb the vaporizer 30. It includes an absorber 40 that lowers the pressure inside, and a control device 50 that controls the entire absorption chiller 1.

The absorber 40 is provided with a dioxane supply device 60, a water supply device 70, and an inhibitor supply device 73. 1.4 dioxane is supplied to the absorber 40 by the dioxane supply device 60, water is supplied by the water supply device 70, and the inhibitor is supplied by the inhibitor supply device 73.

The dioxane supply device 60 includes a dioxane supply pipe 61 and a valve 62. The opening and closing of the valve 62 is controlled by the control device 50 (operation processing device 53 described later).

The water supply device 70 has a water supply pipe 71 and a valve 72. The opening and closing of the valve 72 is controlled by the control device 50 (operation processing device 53 described later).

The inhibitor supply device 73 also has an inhibitor supply pipe and a valve, and the opening and closing of the valve is controlled by the control device 50 (operation processing device 53 described later).
Lithium hydroxide is mainly used as the inhibitor supplied from the inhibitor supply device 73, and exhibits an anticorrosion function by being added to the lithium bromide aqueous solution in the absorber 40.

In the absorber 40, a three-component working medium in which 1.4 dioxane is mixed with an aqueous solution of lithium bromide is used, and the three-component working medium is supplied to the regenerator 10 by a pump 80.

In the regenerator 10, the three-component working medium supplied from the absorber 40 is heated. By heating in the regenerator 10, water and 1.4 dioxane in the three-component working medium evaporate to generate a high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution. For heating the working medium in the regenerator 10, waste heat from a factory or the like is used.

The mixed steam of water and 1.4 dioxane evaporated in the regenerator 10 is supplied to the condenser 20 via the tube 101. Further, the high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution produced by the regenerator 10 is returned to the absorber 40 via the tube 102.

Here, a heat exchanger 90 is provided between the regenerator 10 and the absorber 40 in the tube 102. In this heat exchanger 90, a three-component working medium at room temperature (about 15 ° C. to 40 ° C.) before being supplied to the regenerator 10 by the pump 80 and a high-temperature lithium bromide aqueous solution produced by the regenerator 10 are used. Heat exchange takes place with.

As a result, the three-component working medium in the absorber 40 is heated to a temperature higher than normal temperature and then supplied to the regenerator 10, so that the heat energy required for heating in the regenerator 10 can be reduced. ..

Further, the high-temperature lithium bromide aqueous solution produced in the regenerator 10 is cooled to near room temperature and then returned to the absorber 40. As a result, the heat energy required for cooling the high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution in the absorber 40 can be reduced.

A valve 85 is provided on the downstream side of the heat exchanger 90, and the amount of the high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution returned from the regenerator 10 to the absorber 40 is adjusted by opening and closing the valve 85. The opening and closing of the valve 85 is controlled by the control device 50 (operation processing device 53 described later).

In the condenser 20, the inside is cooled, and the mixed steam of water and 1.4 dioxane supplied from the regenerator 10 is cooled and condensed, and the dioxane aqueous solution in which water and 1.4 dioxane are mixed is cooled and condensed. Is generated. The dioxane aqueous solution is supplied to the evaporator 30 via the tube 103.

A valve 86 is provided in the pipe 103 connecting the condenser 20 and the evaporator 30, and the amount of the dioxane aqueous solution supplied to the evaporator 30 is adjusted by the valve 86. The opening and closing of the valve 86 is controlled by the control device 50 (operation processing device 53 described later).

Further, the condenser 20 is provided with a discharge pipe 95 for discharging the dioxane aqueous solution remaining at the bottom of the condenser 20, and the discharge amount of the dioxane aqueous solution is adjusted by a valve 87. The opening and closing of the valve 87 is also controlled by the control device 50 (operation processing device 53 described later).

In the evaporator 30, the inside of the evaporator 30 is maintained at a low pressure, and the dioxane aqueous solution supplied from the condenser 20 evaporates at a low temperature. The mixed steam of water and 1.4 dioxane generated in the evaporator 30 is supplied to the absorber 40 via the pipe 108.

In the evaporator 30, cold heat is obtained by the heat of vaporization in the process of evaporating the dioxane aqueous solution. This cold heat is taken out from the cold heat extraction unit 96 by heat exchange with the refrigerant in the evaporator 30.

A temperature sensor 91 is provided in the cold heat extraction unit 96, and the temperature sensor 91 measures the temperature of the refrigerant taken out from the cold heat extraction unit 96. The temperature sensor 91 is connected to the control device 50 (temperature data processing device 52 described later), and the temperature information measured by the temperature sensor 91 is transmitted to the control device 50 (temperature data processing device 52 described later).

Here, the freezing point of the dioxane aqueous solution in the evaporator 30 is lower than that of water, and the freezing point of the dioxane aqueous solution (working medium) of the embodiment in which water and 1.4 dioxane are mixed is lower than 0 ° C. .. Therefore, in the evaporator 30, cold heat of 0 ° C. or lower is taken out from the cold heat extraction unit 96.

Liquid level meters 11, 21, 31 and 41 are installed in the regenerator 10, the condenser 20, the evaporator 30 and the absorber 40 described above, respectively. The liquid level gauges 11, 21, 31 and 41 measure the height position (liquid level) of the liquid remaining in the regenerator 10, the condenser 20, the evaporator 30 and the absorber 40 from the bottom.

The respective liquid level gauges 11, 21, 31 and 41 are connected to the control device 50 (the liquid level data processing device 51 described later), and the liquid level information of each container measured by the liquid level gauge is the control device. It is transmitted to 50 (liquid level data processing device 51 described later).

Here, a liquid composition measuring device 65 is provided between the regenerator 10 and the absorber 40. The liquid composition measuring device 65 measures the liquid composition (or / and concentration) of the high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution produced by the regenerator 10. The liquid composition measuring device 65 is connected to the control device 50 (liquid composition data processing device 55 described later), and the measured liquid composition (or / and concentration) of the lithium bromide aqueous solution is controlled by the control device 50 (liquid composition described later). It is transmitted to the data processing device 55).

The high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution after being measured by the liquid composition measuring device 65 is supplied to the absorber 40 via the tube 104. As a result, the liquid composition measuring device 65 measures the composition of the high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution extracted from the regenerator 10 and returns the measured lithium bromide aqueous solution to the absorber 40 as it is. As a result, the liquid composition measuring device 65 can continuously measure the liquid composition of the lithium bromide aqueous solution during the operation cycle of the absorption chiller 1.

A pump 81 is connected to a pipe 105 connecting the liquid composition measuring device 65 and the regenerator 10, and the pump 81 contains a high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution stored in the regenerator 10. The working medium of the component system is supplied to the liquid composition measuring device 65. The drive of the pump 81 is controlled by the control device 50 (operation processing device 53 described later).

In the embodiment, a constant temperature bath 66 is provided on the supply side of the liquid composition measuring device 65. The high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution is brought to a constant temperature in the constant temperature bath 66, and then the liquid composition is measured by the liquid composition measuring device 65.

Further, the evaporator 30 is also provided with a liquid composition measuring device 67 via a pipe 106. The liquid composition measuring device 67 extracts the mixed steam of water and 1.4 dioxane (mixed steam of the two-component system) evaporated by the evaporator 30 through the pipe 106, and measures the composition. Then, the liquid composition measuring device 67 supplies the measured mixed vapor of water and 1.4 dioxane to the condenser 20 as it is through the tube 107. In this way, the liquid composition measuring device 67 can continuously measure the mixed vapor in the operation cycle of the absorption chiller 1.

A pump 82 is provided in the pipe 106 connecting the evaporator 30 and the liquid composition measuring device 67, and the pump 82 causes the mixed vapor of water and 1.4 dioxane in the evaporator 30 to have a liquid composition. It is supplied to the measuring device 67. The drive of the pump 82 is controlled by the control device 50 (operation processing device 53 described later).

In the embodiment, a constant temperature bath 68 is provided on the supply side of the liquid composition measuring device 67. The mixed steam of water and 1.4 dioxane is brought to a constant temperature in the constant temperature bath 68, and then the liquid composition is measured by the liquid composition measuring device 67.

Next, the control device 50 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, the control device 50 includes a liquid level data processing device 51, a temperature data processing device 52, an operation processing device 53, a monitor 54, and a liquid composition data processing device 55.

The liquid level data processing device 51 is a device that takes in the liquid level data transmitted from the liquid level gauges 11, 21, 31 and 41 and performs arithmetic processing.

The temperature data processing device 52 is a device that takes in the temperature data transmitted from the temperature sensor 91 and performs arithmetic processing.

The operation processing device 53 includes valves 62, 72, 85, 86, 87, and a pump 80 based on the processing results of each data in the liquid level data processing device 51, the temperature data processing device 52, and the liquid composition data processing device 55. , 81, 82.

The monitor 54 is a device that displays transmitted liquid level data, temperature data, an open / closed state of each valve, and the like.

The liquid composition data processing device 55 is a device that takes in the liquid composition data of the liquid composition measuring devices 65 and 67 and performs arithmetic processing. In the embodiment, the liquid composition data processing device 55 calculates and processes the liquid composition data of the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30.

[Liquid composition measurement method]
Next, a method of measuring the liquid composition in the liquid composition data processing device 55 will be described.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a liquid composition measuring method.
As a result of diligent research, the inventor of the present application is based on two or more different physical properties of the medium to be measured (for example, the working medium of the three-component system in the regenerator 10 and the mixed vapor of the two-component system in the evaporator 30). Therefore, an arithmetic formula was constructed to calculate the mole fraction Xc of water in the medium to be measured and the weight fraction ξ of water and lithium bromide in the medium to be measured.

Hereinafter, the calculation of the liquid composition measuring device 65 and the liquid composition data processing device 55 that performs the calculation based on the physical properties of the medium to be measured measured by the liquid composition measuring device 65 is calculated by the liquid composition data processing device 55. It will be described together with the calculation method of the formula.
[0000]
As shown in FIG. 2, the liquid composition measuring device 65 is for measuring the composition of the medium to be measured (high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution in the regenerator 10: a three-component working medium) by different methods. It has a plurality of measurement units (in the embodiment, a first measurement unit 651, a second measurement unit 652, and a third measurement unit 653).

Here, the first measurement unit 651, the second measurement unit 652, and the third measurement unit 653 are devices that measure the composition of the measurement medium by utilizing the different physical properties of the measurement medium.

The first measurement unit 651 is a device that measures the composition of the medium to be measured by utilizing the optical properties. Examples of the optical properties include transmittance, optical rotation, tortuosity, turbidity, and chromaticity of the medium to be measured.

The second measurement unit 652 is a device that measures the composition of the medium to be measured by utilizing the electrical properties. Examples of the electrical properties include the pH of the medium to be measured, electrical conductivity, redox potential, ion meter, and the like.

The third measurement unit 653 is a device that measures the composition of the medium to be measured by utilizing the property as a fluid. The properties as a fluid include, for example, density and viscosity.

As shown in FIG. 2, a part of the high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution (measured medium) produced by the regenerator 10 is introduced into the liquid composition measuring device 65 of the embodiment.

The high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution becomes hot due to heating in the regenerator 10. Therefore, the high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution is cooled to a constant temperature close to room temperature in a constant temperature bath 66 provided on the supply side of the liquid composition measuring device 65 before being introduced into the liquid composition measuring device 65. ..

Then, the high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution branches in a predetermined flow path and is supplied to any two or more of the first measurement unit 651, the second measurement unit 652, and the third measurement unit 653 of the liquid composition measuring device 65. NS.

When m types of measurement media are mixed in this way, they are introduced into m-1 type of measuring device to measure the liquid composition. In the embodiment, the lithium bromide aqueous solution introduced from the regenerator 10 is a mixed liquid containing three kinds of components of water, lithium bromide and 1.4 dioxane, and therefore, the first measuring unit 651 described above. Is introduced into any 2 (3-1 types) of measurement units of the 3rd measurement unit 653 to measure two different types of physical properties.

The measured medium (high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution) after measurement is returned to the absorber 40 as it is.

The liquid composition data of the measurement medium measured by the liquid composition measuring device 65 is transmitted to the liquid composition data processing device 55 of the control device 50.

The liquid composition data processing device 55 of the control device 50 acquires a plurality of liquid composition data having different properties measured by the liquid composition measuring device 65 (first measuring unit 651, second measuring unit 652, third measuring unit 653). At the same time, predetermined weighting coefficients f, g, r, and s are added to the liquid composition data to obtain the water mole fraction Xc of the lithium bromide aqueous solution (three-component working medium) and the weight fraction of lithium bromide. Perform the operation of ξ.

For example, the water mole fraction Xc of the lithium bromide aqueous solution (measurement medium) and the weight fraction ξ of lithium bromide are the refractive coefficients n of the lithium bromide aqueous solution measured by the first measuring unit 651 and the second measuring unit. The weighting coefficients can be added to the electric conductivity σ of the lithium bromide aqueous solution measured in 652 and expressed by the following equations (1) and (2).

Xc = (n, σ, fi (i = 1 to 4), gi (i = 1 to 4)) ... (1)

ξ = (n, σ, ri (i = 1 to 4), si (i = 1 to 4)) ... (2)

Here, the weighting coefficients f, g, r, and s are each 4 (i = 1 to 4), for a total of 16 and are preferably set for each of a plurality of temperatures. In particular, when the medium to be measured is set to a constant temperature in the constant temperature bath 66 as in the embodiment, the weighting coefficients f, g, r, and s are one set value (pattern) of the constant temperature. ) Is sufficient, so the construction time of the arithmetic expression can be shortened.

Next, changes in the freezing point of a three-component working medium containing water, lithium bromide, and 1.4 dioxane will be described.
FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the freezing point of the working medium of the three-component system containing water, lithium bromide, and 1.4 dioxane (hereinafter, referred to as a freezing point diagram).

In the freezing point diagram shown in FIG. 3, the horizontal axis is the water mole fraction Xc of the working medium, and the vertical axis is the freezing point “° C.”, which are shown with respect to the weight fraction ξ of lithium bromide. The water mole fraction Xc = 1 represents the case where the working medium does not contain any 1.4 dioxane, that is, a mixture of water and lithium bromide only.

When the weight fraction of lithium bromide ξ = 0, that is, when the working medium does not contain lithium bromide at all, the component of the working medium at the water mole fraction Xc = 1 is water, and the freezing point in this case is 0 ° C. Is.

When the water mole fraction Xc decreases from 1 (when the concentration of 1.4 dioxane increases), the freezing point drops up to a certain water mole fraction Xc, but when it falls below a certain water mole fraction Xc, it decreases. From the above, it can be seen that the freezing point does not decrease, but on the contrary, the freezing point increases.

It can also be seen that as the weight fraction ξ of lithium bromide increases (as the concentration of lithium bromide increases), the freezing point decreases.

Here, lithium bromide is a water-soluble salt, and as the concentration of lithium bromide increases, the freezing point decreases while the boiling point increases. When the concentration of lithium bromide becomes high, the evaporation of the lithium bromide aqueous solution in the evaporator 30 is hindered, and the heat transfer is hindered by the precipitation of lithium bromide crystals in the heat transfer tube in the evaporator 30, resulting in cold heat. Is difficult to obtain.

Therefore, in the evaporator 30, it is necessary to set an optimum weight fraction ξ of water and lithium bromide so as not to cause a decrease in freezing point, an increase in boiling point, and crystallization. Here, the minimum value of the freezing point is shifted to the side where the water mole fraction Xc becomes higher as the weight fraction ξ is larger (right side in FIG. 3), and after considering the freezing point, boiling point, and crystallization temperature, The cold temperature required by the evaporator 30 and the composition of the mixed solution for obtaining the cold temperature are set.

In the absorption chiller 1, a closed cycle is formed in which the refrigerant and the working medium are circulated between the regenerators 10 and the absorbers 40. For example, in the absorber 40, in the case of a lithium bromide aqueous solution to which 1.4 dioxane is not added, only water evaporates in the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30, so that the vapor composition differs between the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30. There is no. Therefore, in order to operate the absorption chiller stably and continuously, the evaporation flow rate of water may be made equal between the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30.

On the other hand, in the absorption chiller 1 of the embodiment, the absorber 40 is used as a three-component operating medium in which 1.4 dioxane is added to water and lithium bromide. In such a case, since both the water and 1.4 dioxane components evaporate in the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30, it is necessary to make the steam composition and the steam flow rate of the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30 equal at the same time.

Next, the temperature dependence diagram of the vapor composition of water and 1.4 dioxane in the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30 will be described.
FIG. 4 is a temperature dependence diagram of the vapor composition of water and 1.4 dioxane in the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30 at the position of water mole fraction Xc = C in FIG.
FIG. 5 is a temperature dependence diagram of the vapor composition of water and 1.4 dioxane in the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30 at the position of water mole fraction Xc = A in FIG.
FIG. 6 is a temperature dependence diagram of the vapor composition of water and 1.4 dioxane in the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30 at the position of water mole fraction Xc = B in FIG.
The water mole fraction Xc has a relationship of C>A> B (see FIG. 3).

In the temperature dependence diagram of the vapor composition shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the temperature ° C. is set on the horizontal axis and the vapor (liquid) composition "mol%" is set on the vertical axis.

As shown in FIG. 4, the steam composition when the water mole fraction Xc = C is that the amount of water is larger than that of 1.4 dioxane in both the container of the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30. This is because the concentration of water in the mixed steam is high when the water mole fraction Xc = C.

Further, the regenerator 10 has a smaller amount of water in the vapor composition and a larger amount of 1.4 dioxane than the evaporator 30. Therefore, when the water mole fraction Xc = C, it can be seen that the liquid composition (concentration) in each container is different between the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30.

As shown in FIG. 5, the steam composition when the water mole fraction Xc = A is that the amount of water is larger than that of 1.4 dioxane in both the container of the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30. The water mole fraction Xc = A is also due to the high concentration of water in the mixed steam.

Here, when the water mole fraction Xc = A, the amount of water in the vapor composition is substantially the same in the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30, and the amount of 1.4 dioxane is also substantially the same. This is because the water mole fraction Xc = A has a higher concentration of 1.4 dioxane instead of a lower concentration of water in the mixture than the case of Xc = C.

As shown in FIG. 6, the steam composition when the water mole fraction Xc = B is such that the amount of water in the low temperature evaporator 30 is less than 1.4 dioxane, and the amount of water in the high temperature regenerator 10 Is more than 1.4 dioxane. It can be seen that the liquid composition (concentration) of water and 1.4 dioxane in each container is different.

FIG. 7 is a liquid composition diagram in each container, showing changes in the weight fraction of the liquid composition with time.

In FIG. 7, the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents the weight fraction of the liquid composition. Further, in the initial state, the water mole fraction Xc = B (see FIG. 3) in the regenerator 10 and the weight fraction ξ = 0.55 of lithium bromide in the absorber 40.

A mixed solution of water, 1.4 dioxane and lithium bromide (a three-component working medium) is supplied from the absorber 40 into the regenerator 10. In the regenerator 10, the mixed solution is heated to evaporate water and 1.4 dioxane, leaving lithium bromide unevaporated.

Therefore, as shown in the upper right figure of FIG. 7, 1.4 dioxane decreases with the passage of time in the regenerator 10, and becomes a constant value at a low value. This is because the regenerator 10 is supplied with a mixed solution containing 1.4 dioxane from the absorber 40, but the amount of 1.4 dioxane at the water mole fraction Xc = B is small.

A mixed steam of water and 1.4 dioxane is supplied from the regenerator 10 into the condenser 20. In the condenser 20, the mixed steam is cooled to condense water and 1.4 dioxane (a dioxane aqueous solution is produced).

As shown in the upper left figure of FIG. 7, the amount of water and 1.4 dioxane in the mixed steam in the condenser 20 becomes constant after a lapse of a predetermined time.

The dioxane aqueous solution produced by the condenser 20 is supplied into the evaporator 30. In the evaporator 30, the dioxane aqueous solution evaporates.

As shown in the lower left figure of FIG. 7, in the evaporator 30, after 1.4 dioxane is reduced, the water mole fraction Xc = A becomes constant. Water reaches a constant value after increasing. The dioxane aqueous solution in the evaporator 30 is a mixed solution of water and 1.4 dioxane and does not contain lithium bromide. Therefore, looking at ξ = 0 in FIG. 3, the freezing point is low at Xc = B in the initial state. Although it is in a state, it can be seen that the freezing point becomes high when Xc = A.

A mixed solution of water supplied from the evaporator 30, 1.4 dioxane, and lithium bromide is stored in the absorber 40.

As shown in the lower right figure of FIG. 7, in the absorber 40, the amounts of water, lithium bromide and 1.4 dioxane finally become constant values.

Next, FIG. 8 is a liquid composition diagram in the regenerator 10, the condenser 20, the evaporator 30, and the absorber 40 when 1.4 dioxane is further added, and changes in the weight fraction of the liquid composition with time. Is shown.

In FIG. 8, the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents the weight fraction of the liquid composition. Further, in the initial state, the water mole fraction Xc = D in the regenerator 10 (see FIG. 3) and the weight fraction ξ = 0.55 of lithium bromide in the absorber 40.

As shown in the upper right figure of FIG. 8, in the regenerator 10, the amount of 1.4 dioxane decreases with the passage of time. However, in the regenerator 10 shown in FIG. 8, since the amount of 1.4 dioxane in the mixed solution is larger than that in the case of FIG. 7, the weight fraction of 1.4 dioxane is higher than that in the case of FIG. It became a constant value. Further, in the regenerator 10, the weight fraction ξ of water and lithium bromide decreases by the amount that the weight fraction of 1.4 dioxane in the mixed solution increases, as compared with the case of FIG. 7.

Next, as shown in the upper left figure of FIG. 8, in the condenser 20, the amount of 1.4 dioxane contained in the mixed steam of water and 1.4 dioxane supplied from the regenerator 10 is larger than that in the case of FIG. Is increasing. Therefore, in the condenser 20, the amount of 1.4 dioxane and water becomes constant with the passage of time, but the amount of 1.4 dioxane increases and the amount of water decreases by that amount as compared with the case of FIG. do.

As shown in the lower left figure of FIG. 8, in the evaporator 30, after the amount of 1.4 dioxane decreases at the initial stage of operation of the absorption chiller 1, it becomes a constant value at Xc = B (<A). The amount of water becomes a constant value after increasing at the initial stage of operation of the absorption chiller 1. Since the mixed solution of water and 1.4 dioxane in the evaporator 30 does not contain lithium bromide, when ξ = 0 in FIG. 3 is seen, 1.4 dioxane is excessive in the initial state of Xc = D. The freezing point is high because it is contained in, but the proportion of 1.4 dioxane gradually decreases to Xc = B, and the freezing point drops.

As shown in the lower right figure of FIG. 8, in the absorber 40, the weight fraction ξ of water and lithium bromide is increased by the increase in the weight fraction of 1.4 dioxane in the mixed steam supplied from the evaporator 30, respectively. Decrease.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the weight fraction of 1.4 dioxane in the mixed solution in the condenser 20 increased with time and then became a constant value. Immediately after the absorption chiller 1 is put into operation, 1.4 dioxane is accumulated in the condenser 20, but it means that it will not be accumulated any more after a sufficient time.

Here, in the embodiment, 1.4 in the regenerator 10 is used as a method for determining whether or not the concentration of 1.4 dioxane is appropriate in the absorption chiller 1 and whether or not it is in a steady state. Judgment is based on the concentration of dioxane. Therefore, while the 1.4 dioxane in the regenerator 10 is decreasing, it indicates that the state is not in a steady state, and the concentration of 1.4 dioxane is 0 (zero) or 0 (zero). If it is close to, it means that the amount of 1.4 dioxane added to the mixed solution is insufficient.

In this way, the absorption chiller 1 can operate the absorption chiller 1 stably and continuously by measuring the concentration of 1.4 dioxane in the regenerator 10.

Here, the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed solution of water and 1.4 dioxane in the regenerator 10 in the absorption refrigerator 1 and the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed solution of water and 1.4 dioxane in the evaporator 30. Explain the relationship between.
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed liquid in the regenerator 10 and the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed liquid in the evaporator 30 in the absorption chiller 1. The horizontal axis of FIG. 9 is the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed liquid in the regenerator 10, and the vertical axis is the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed liquid in the evaporator 30.

In FIG. 9, in the region K and the region M, the change in the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed liquid in the evaporator 30 is large with respect to the change in the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed liquid in the regenerator 10. On the other hand, in the region L, even if the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed liquid in the regenerator 10 changes, the change in the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed liquid in the evaporator 30 is small. This region L has a small change in the freezing point in the evaporator 30 and has a likelihood of adding 1.4 dioxane, which is a preferable range for operating the absorption chiller 1.

The relationship (region L) between the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed liquid in the regenerator 10 and the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed liquid in the evaporator 30 shown in FIG. 9 is incorporated in the liquid composition data processing device 55 in advance. The regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30 may be operated within the range of the region L in FIG.

Since the absorption chiller 1 has a dioxane supply device 60 (see FIG. 1) that supplies 1.4 dioxane to the absorber 40, the 1.4 dioxane in the regenerator 10 or the evaporator 30 is insufficient. If so, the dioxane supply device 60 supplies 1.4 dioxane to the absorber 40. As a result, the mixture containing the high concentration of 1.4 dioxane absorbed by the absorber 40 is supplied to the regenerator 10, so that the concentration of 1.4 dioxane in the regenerator 10 can be increased.

As a result, in the absorption chiller 1, the mixed steam containing the high concentration 1.4 dioxane is supplied from the regenerator 10 to the condenser 20, and then the high concentration 1.4 dioxane condensed in the condenser 20 is produced. The mixed solution containing the mixture is supplied to the evaporator 30 to increase the concentration of 1.4 dioxane in the evaporator 30.

Further, in the absorption chiller 1, when the 1.4 dioxane of the regenerator 10 or the evaporator 30 is excessive, the mixed liquid containing the high concentration 1.4 dioxane of the condenser 20 is discharged from the discharge pipe 95 and absorbed. The water supply device 70 provided in the vessel 40 supplies water to the absorber 40 (see FIG. 1).

As a result, the mixed solution containing the high concentration of 1.4 dioxane in the condenser 20 is discharged, and the mixed solution containing the low concentration of 1.4 dioxane diluted with water is supplied to the regenerator 10.

In the regenerator 10, mixed steam containing a low concentration of 1.4 dioxane is generated, and this mixed steam is supplied to the condenser 20.

In the condenser 20, the mixed vapor containing a low concentration of 1.4 dioxane is cooled and condensed to produce a mixed solution containing a low concentration of 1.4 dioxane. The mixture containing the low concentration of 1.4 dioxane is supplied to the evaporator 30, and the concentration of 1.4 dioxane in the evaporator 30 is lowered.

For the determination of the extraction of the mixed liquid in the condenser 20 and the supply of 1.4 dioxane or water into the absorber 40 described above, the liquid level data processing device 51 measures each container with the liquid level gauges 21 and 41. It is done based on the liquid level of.

As described above, in the embodiment,
(1) A liquid obtained by mixing water, lithium bromide (water-soluble salt) and 1.4 dioxane (water-soluble organic liquid) is used as a three-component working medium, and the working medium is heated to be water and 1.4. The regenerator 10 that evaporates the dioxane, the condenser 20 that cools and condenses the mixed steam of water and 1.4 dioxane (first mixed steam) evaporated in the regenerator 10, and the condenser 20 is condensed. An evaporator 30 that evaporates a mixed solution (condensate) of water and 1.4 dioxane under reduced pressure and obtains low-temperature cold heat by the heat of vaporization, and a mixed steam of water and 1.4 dioxane generated by the evaporator 30 (No. 1). In the absorption refrigerating machine 1 having the absorber 40 for absorbing the mixed vapor of 2) into lithium bromide, at least one of the concentration or the liquid composition of the three-component working medium supplied to the regenerator 10 is adjusted. A control device that adjusts the liquid composition of the three-component working medium supplied to the regenerator 10 based on the liquid composition measuring device 65 (first liquid composition measuring device) to be measured and the measurement result by the liquid composition measuring device 65. It was configured to have 50 and 50.

With this configuration, the absorption chiller 1 includes a liquid composition measuring device 65 for measuring at least one of the concentration or liquid composition of the three-component working medium in the regenerator 10, and a liquid composition measuring device. It has a control device 50 that adjusts the liquid composition of the working medium of the three-component system supplied to the regenerator 10 based on the measurement results of 65. Therefore, in the absorption chiller 1, the concentration or liquid composition of the three-component working medium in the regenerator 10 can be appropriately controlled, and therefore, when the working medium has three components including lithium bromide and 1.4 dioxane. However, the absorption chiller 1 can be operated stably.

(2) A tube 102 (working medium return mechanism) that returns the working medium that has not been evaporated by the regenerator 10 to the absorber 40, and the inside of the absorber 40 provided between the regenerator 10 and the absorber 40 in the tube 102. It has a heat exchanger 90 that exchanges heat between a lithium bromide aqueous solution that has absorbed a mixed vapor of water at room temperature and 1.4 dioxane and a high-temperature working medium heated by the regenerator 10. The liquid composition measuring device 65 is configured to measure at least one of the concentration of the working medium and the liquid composition after heat exchange by the heat exchanger 90.

With this configuration, the liquid composition measuring device 65 measures the concentration or liquid composition of the working medium that has been heat-exchanged by the heat exchanger 90 and kept at a constant temperature, so that the influence of temperature on the measurement of the liquid composition is affected. It is difficult to receive, and the concentration and liquid composition can be easily measured (calculated).

Further, by measuring the liquid composition of the working medium in the regenerator 10, the control device 50 more quickly adjusts the liquid composition so that the liquid composition of the working medium in the regenerator 10 becomes the most appropriate liquid composition. Can be adjusted.

(3) A water supply device 70 for supplying water and a dioxane supply device 60 for supplying 1.4 dioxane to at least one of the absorber 40, the regenerator 10, the condenser 20, and the evaporator 30. It was configured to have.

With this configuration, the water supply device 70 and the dioxane supply device 60 appropriately adjust the liquid composition of the mixed solution in the container of any one of the absorber 40, the regenerator 10, the condenser 20 and the evaporator 30. be able to. Therefore, the absorption chiller 1 can be operated stably.

(4) The water supply device 70 and the dioxane supply device 60 are provided in the absorber 40.

With this configuration, since the absorber 40 is operated near room temperature, the temperature of the absorber 40 can be lowered to near room temperature by supplying mixed steam of water and 1.4 dioxane to the absorber 40. Can be done. Therefore, in the absorption chiller 1, it is possible to suppress a decrease in operational efficiency (heat loss) due to an increase in the temperature of the absorber 40.

(5) The configuration has a discharge pipe 95 (discharge device) for discharging the working medium in the condenser 20.

The condenser 20 has a higher concentration of 1.4 dioxane than the regenerator 10, the evaporator 30, and the absorber 40.
Therefore, with this configuration, when the concentration of 1.4 dioxane in the absorption chiller 1 becomes excessively high, the mixed solution of water and 1.4 dioxane is discharged from the condenser 20 having the highest concentration. , 1.4 The concentration of dioxane can be lowered efficiently.

(6) A configuration including a liquid composition measuring device 67 (second liquid composition measuring device) for measuring at least one of the concentration or liquid composition of the mixed liquid of water and 1.4 dioxane in the evaporator 30. And said.

With this configuration, the liquid composition measuring device 67 can measure the concentration or liquid composition of the mixed liquid of water and 1.4 dioxane in the evaporator 30. Therefore, the control device 50 can adjust the concentration or the liquid composition of the mixed liquid in the evaporator 30 to an appropriate value based on the measurement result measured by the liquid composition measuring device 67.

(7) Further, the control device 50 is the water supply device 70, the dioxane supply device 60, or the discharge pipe 95 based on the measurement result of the operating medium of the three-component system in the regenerator 10 by the liquid composition measurement device 65. The configuration is such that at least one of the drives is controlled.

With this configuration, the control device 50 discharges a high-concentration 1.4-dioxane aqueous solution from the condenser 20 and an absorber based on the concentration or liquid composition of the three-component working medium in the regenerator 10. Since water and 1.4 dioxane are supplied into 40, the concentration or liquid composition of the working medium of the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30 can be adjusted to an appropriate value during the operation cycle.

(8) Further, the water-soluble salt was lithium bromide, and the water-soluble organic liquid was 1.4 dioxane or alcohol (1 propanol or 2 butanol).

With this configuration, the absorption chiller 1 can be operated appropriately.

<Second Embodiment>
Next, a second embodiment according to the present invention will be described.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of the absorption chiller 1A and its system according to the second embodiment.
The absorption chiller 1A of the second embodiment uses a three-component working medium of water, lithium bromide, and 1.4 dioxane as the working medium of the evaporator 30. This is different from the fact that a two-component working medium of water and 1.4 dioxane was used as the working medium of the evaporator 30.

This second embodiment is different from the above-described embodiment in that (1) the absorber 40 has a lithium bromide supply device 75, and (2) the water in the absorber 40 and lithium bromide. , 1.4 It has a liquid composition measuring device 94 for measuring the liquid composition of the mixed liquid of the three components of dioxane and a constant temperature bath 69, and (3) the working medium of the three components in the absorber 40 is the evaporator 30. (4) It has a condensate supply device 121 that supplies the three-component condensate in the evaporator 30 to the absorber 40. ) The other configuration and function are the same as those of the above-described embodiment, except that the pressure sensor 92 for measuring the pressure in the absorber 40 is provided.
Therefore, in the following description, parts different from the above-described embodiments will be mainly described, the same configurations will be given the same numbers, and detailed description will be omitted.

The absorption chiller 1A is provided with an operating medium supply device 120 that supplies a mixed liquid containing three components of water, lithium bromide, and 1.4 dioxane in the absorber 40 to the evaporator 30. As a result, the mixed liquid in the evaporator 30 can be made into a mixed liquid of three components containing lithium bromide.

The supply of the mixed liquid of the three components from the absorber 40 to the evaporator 30 is adjusted by opening and closing the valve 98 using the pump 93 for supplying the mixed liquid from the absorber 40 to the regenerator 10. The pump 93 and the valve 98 are controlled by the control device 50 (operation processing device 53).

As a result, by putting lithium bromide into the mixed solution in the evaporator 30, the freezing point of the mixed solution in the evaporator 30 is set higher than that in the case where the mixed solution contains only two components of water and 1.4 dioxane. It can be a lower temperature. Therefore, in the absorption chiller 1A, lower cold heat can be taken out from the cold heat extraction unit 96.

Further, the absorber 40 is provided with a lithium bromide supply device 75 and a pressure sensor 92.

The lithium bromide supply device 75 includes a lithium bromide supply pipe 76 and a valve 77. Lithium bromide is supplied to the absorber 40 via the lithium bromide supply pipe 76 when the valve 77 is opened. The opening and closing of the valve 77 is controlled by the control device 50 (operation processing device 53).

The pressure sensor 92 is provided in the absorber 40, measures the pressure in the absorber 40, and transmits the measured pressure value to the temperature data processing device 52.

Since the absorption chiller 1A is configured to supply the mixed liquid of the three components in the absorber 40 to the evaporator 30, the concentration of lithium bromide in the absorber 40 gradually decreases, and the absorber 40 Absorption capacity may decrease.

Therefore, in the absorption chiller 1A, the pressure in the absorber 40 (the absorption capacity of the absorber 40) is monitored by the pressure sensor 92. Then, the control device 50 (operation processing device 53) determined that the concentration of lithium bromide was lower than the predetermined value (the absorption capacity of the absorber 40 was reduced) based on the measurement result of the pressure sensor 92. In the case, the valve 77 is opened to supply lithium bromide to the absorber 40 via the lithium bromide supply pipe 76.

On the other hand, the control device 50 (operation processing device 53) states that the concentration of lithium bromide is higher than a predetermined value (the absorption capacity of the absorber 40 is appropriately maintained) based on the measurement result of the pressure sensor 92. If it is determined, the valve 77 is closed to stop the supply of lithium bromide to the absorber 40.

As described above, in the absorption chiller 1A, the concentration of lithium bromide in the absorber 40 can be appropriately controlled based on the measurement result of the pressure in the absorber 40 by the pressure sensor 92.

The absorption chiller 1A is provided with a liquid composition measuring device 94 for measuring the liquid composition of the mixed liquid in the absorber 40 and a constant temperature bath 69. As a result, the control device 50 uses the liquid composition data measured by the liquid composition measuring device 94 and the above-mentioned equations (1) and (2) to obtain the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed liquid in the absorber 40. The weight fraction ξ of lithium bromide can be calculated.

In particular, a constant temperature bath 69 is provided on the supply side of the mixed liquid of the liquid composition measuring device 94, and the mixed liquid before the measurement can be kept at a constant temperature. The calculation using 2) can be performed by a simple mathematical formula with a fixed temperature.

In the embodiment, since the mixed liquid in the absorber 40 is a mixed liquid containing three components of water, lithium bromide and 1.4 dioxane, the liquid composition measuring device 94 has two different physical properties ( For example, the transmittance of optical properties and the electrical conductivity of electrical properties) are measured.

Lithium bromide has the property of being more easily crystallized at lower temperatures and higher concentrations. Therefore, in the absorption chiller 1A, the concentration of lithium bromide in the absorber 40 is controlled to an appropriate value based on the calculation result of the weight fraction ξ of lithium bromide by the liquid composition measuring device 94 and the control device 50. do.

The mixture is supplied from the absorber 40 to the liquid composition measuring device 94 by the pump 83. The drive of the pump 83 is controlled by the control device 50 (operation processing device 53).

Here, the absorption chiller 1A has a condensate supply device 121 that supplies the three-component condensate of water, lithium bromide, and 1.4 dioxane in the evaporator 30 to the absorber 40.

The condensate supply device 121 has a pump 84 and a valve 97, and the pump 84 and the valve 97 determine whether to supply / stop the three-component condensate in the evaporator 30 to the absorber 40. The pump 84 and the valve 97 are controlled by the control device 50 (operation processing device 53).

As a result, in the absorption chiller 1A, a three-component working medium containing lithium bromide in the evaporator 30 is supplied to the absorber 40 to prevent a decrease in the concentration of lithium bromide in the absorber 40. ..

Next, the liquid composition in each container in the second embodiment will be described.
FIG. 11 is a liquid composition diagram in each container according to the second embodiment, and shows the time course of the weight fraction of the liquid composition.

In FIG. 11, the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents the weight fraction of the liquid composition. Further, in the initial state, the water mole fraction Xc = B in the regenerator 10 (see FIG. 3), the weight fraction ξ = 0.55 of lithium bromide in the absorber 40, and the working medium in the evaporator 30. The weight fraction of lithium bromide was ξ = 0.2.

In the second embodiment, the working medium in the evaporator 30 is a three-component working medium containing water, 1.4 dioxane, and lithium bromide. Therefore, in the evaporator 30, lithium bromide is contained at a substantially constant value, and in the evaporator 30, lithium bromide in the working medium does not evaporate, so that the weight fraction of lithium bromide is ξ = 0.2. Is almost constant. Further, the water mole fraction Xc = A of the working medium in the evaporator 30 becomes constant.

In the initial state, the water mole fraction Xc = B in the evaporator 30 and the freezing point of the working medium is low, but with the passage of time, the water mole fraction Xc = A in the evaporator 30 becomes, and the working medium The freezing point rises.

Further, in the evaporator 30, since lithium bromide is contained in the working medium at a constant value, the amount of water and 1.4 dioxane in the working medium is the operation of the two-component system of water and 1.4 dioxane. Overall lower than in the case of medium.

The liquid composition diagram of the regenerator 10, the condenser 20, and the absorber 40 is almost the same as the liquid composition diagram shown in FIG. 7.

Next, the working medium of the evaporator 30 is a three-component working medium of water, lithium bromide, and 1.4 dioxane, and the liquid composition in each container when a larger amount of 1.4 dioxane is added is determined. explain.

FIG. 12 is a liquid composition diagram in each container when 1.4 dioxane is further added to the working medium of the three-component system of the evaporator 30, and shows the time course of the weight fraction of the liquid composition. ..
In FIG. 12, the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents the weight fraction of the liquid composition. Further, in the initial state, the water mole fraction Xc = D in the regenerator 10 (see FIG. 3), the weight fraction ξ = 0.55 of lithium bromide in the absorber 40, and the working medium in the evaporator 30. The weight fraction of lithium bromide was ξ = 0.2.

As shown in FIG. 12, the mixed solution in the regenerator 10 became constant at a predetermined value after the amount of 1.4 dioxane decreased with the passage of time. In this case, the predetermined value of 1.4 dioxane in the regenerator 10 is larger than the predetermined value in the regenerator 10 shown in FIG. 11 due to the large amount of 1.4 dioxane in the evaporator 30. It is a value.

In the evaporator 30, the amount of 1.4 dioxane increased, and the water mole fraction Xc = B became a constant value. Since the water mole fraction Xc = D in the three-component system operating medium in the evaporator 30 and 1.4 dioxane is excessively contained, the freezing point of the operating medium in the evaporator 30 becomes high. However, in the end, the water mole fraction Xc = B and the freezing point decreases.

In the condenser 20, the amount of 1.4 dioxane in the mixture increased over time and then stabilized at a predetermined value. This is because 1.4 dioxane is accumulated in the condenser 20 immediately after the absorption chiller 1A is put into operation, but no more is accumulated after a sufficient time has passed.

As shown in FIG. 12, in the absorber 40, as the amount of 1.4 dioxane in the evaporator 30 increases, the amount of 1.4 dioxane in the absorber 40 also increases to a predetermined value.

Next, the relationship between the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed liquid in the regenerator 10 and the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed liquid in the evaporator 30 in the absorption chiller 1A of the second embodiment will be described.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed liquid in the regenerator 10 and the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed liquid in the evaporator 30 in the absorption chiller 1A. The horizontal axis of FIG. 13 is the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed liquid in the regenerator 10, and the vertical axis is the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed liquid in the evaporator 30.

In FIG. 13, similarly to FIG. 9 described above, in the region Q and the region S, the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed liquid in the evaporator 30 is changed with respect to the change in the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed liquid in the regenerator 10. The change is large. On the other hand, in the region R, even if the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed liquid in the regenerator 10 changes, the change in the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed liquid in the evaporator 30 is small. This region R has a small change in the freezing point in the evaporator 30 and has a likelihood of adding 1.4 dioxane, which is a preferable range for operating the absorption chiller 1A.

Therefore, the relationship (region R) between the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed liquid in the regenerator 10 and the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed liquid in the evaporator 30 shown in FIG. 13 is transmitted to the liquid composition data processing device 55. It may be incorporated in advance, and the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30 may be operated within the range of the region R in FIG.

As described above, in the second embodiment,
(9) The configuration is provided with a mixed steam supply device 120 that supplies the mixed steam of water and 1.4 dioxane in the absorber 40 to the evaporator 30.

With this configuration, the concentration or liquid composition of the mixed liquid in the evaporator 30 can be adjusted to an appropriate value by utilizing the mixed vapor in the absorber 40.

(10) A configuration having a condensate supply device 121 for extracting a mixed solution (condensate) of water and 1.4 dioxane in the evaporator 30 and supplying the mixed solution of water and 1.4 dioxane to the absorber 40. bottom.

With this configuration, the condensate supply device 121 can return the condensate in the evaporator 30 to the absorber 40, so that the condenser 30 evaporates with the lithium bromide aqueous solution supplied from the absorber 40. It is possible to prevent the amount of the condensate in the vessel 30 from becoming excessive.

(11) A configuration including a liquid composition measuring device 94 for measuring at least one of the concentration or liquid composition of a three-component working medium containing water, lithium bromide, and 1.4 dioxane in the absorber 40. And said.

With this configuration, the liquid composition measuring device 94 can control the concentration of lithium bromide in the absorber 40, and the concentration of lithium bromide in the absorber 40 increases, resulting in the crystals of lithium bromide. It is possible to prevent crystallization.

(12) The absorber 40 is provided with a lithium bromide supply device 75 (water-soluble salt supply device) for supplying an aqueous solution of lithium bromide (water-soluble salt).

With this configuration, the lithium bromide supply device 75 can increase the concentration of lithium bromide in the absorber 40 to a predetermined value, and reduce the absorption capacity of the absorber 40 due to insufficient concentration of lithium bromide. Can be prevented.

(13) Further, the control device 50 is in the absorber 40 based on the measurement results of the working medium of the three-component system of water, lithium bromide and 1.4 dioxane in the evaporator 30 by the liquid composition measuring device 67. The operation medium supply device 120 (second water-soluble salt supply device) for supplying the operation medium into the evaporator 30 is controlled.

With this configuration, lithium bromide contained in the working medium in the absorber 40 can be supplied to the evaporator 30 by controlling the working medium supply device 120 by the control device 50, and the odor in the evaporator 30 can be supplied. The concentration of lithium bromide can be adjusted appropriately.

(14) Further, the control device 50 puts the aqueous solution of lithium bromide in the absorber 40 based on the measurement result of the aqueous solution of lithium bromide absorbing water and 1.4 dioxane in the absorber 40 by the liquid composition measuring device 94. The lithium bromide supply device 75 (first water-soluble salt supply device) for supplying the above water is controlled.

With this configuration, the concentration of lithium bromide in the absorber 40 can be appropriately adjusted by controlling the lithium bromide supply device 75 by the control device 50.

In the above description, the case where 1.4 dioxane is used as the water-soluble organic liquid has been described as an example, but alcohols or a mixed solution of alcohols may be used as the water-soluble organic liquid. For example, as alcohols, methanol, ethanol, 1propanol, 2propanol, 1butanol, 2butanol can be applied.

In the above description, the case where lithium bromide is used as the water-soluble salt has been described as an example, but the water-soluble salt is not limited to lithium bromide.

In the above-described embodiment, the absorber 40 is provided with a water supply device 70, a dioxane supply device 60, and a lithium bromide supply device 75, and the regenerator 10 is adjusted by adjusting the liquid composition of the mixed liquid in the absorber 40. And the case where the liquid composition in the evaporator 30 is adjusted has been illustrated and described. However, the position where the water supply device 70, the dioxane supply device 60, and the lithium bromide supply device 75 are provided is not limited to the absorber 40, and is any one of the regenerator 10, the condenser 20, and the evaporator 30. Alternatively, it may be provided in a plurality of units.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the liquid composition measuring devices 65, 67, and 94 are provided corresponding to the regenerator 10, the evaporator 30, and the absorber 40, respectively, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The liquid composition measuring device may be provided at least corresponding to any one of the regenerator 10, the condenser 20, the evaporator 30, and the absorber 40, and in particular, the liquid composition measuring device may be provided corresponding to the regenerator 10. preferable.

1: Absorption refrigerator, 10: Regenerator, 11: Liquid level gauge, 20: Condenser, 21: Liquid level gauge, 30: Evaporator, 31: Liquid level gauge, 40: Absorber, 41: Liquid level gauge, 50: Control device, 51: Liquid level data processing device, 52: Temperature data processing device, 53: Operation processing device, 54: Monitor, 55: Liquid composition data processing device, 60: Dioxane supply device, 61: Dioxane supply tube, 62: Valve, 65, 67: Liquid composition measuring device, 66, 68: Constant temperature bath, 70: Water supply device, 71: Water supply pipe, 72: Valve, 73: Inhibitor supply device, 80-82: Pump, 85- 87: Valve, 90: Heat exchanger, 91: Temperature sensor, 95: Discharge pipe, 96: Cold heat take-out part, 101-108: Pipe

Claims (12)

A liquid obtained by mixing water, a water-soluble salt, and a water-soluble organic liquid is used as an operating medium, and a regenerator that heats the operating medium to evaporate the water and the water-soluble organic liquid, and a regenerator that evaporates in the regenerator. A condenser that cools and condenses the mixed steam of 1 and an evaporator that evaporates the condensate condensed by the condenser under reduced pressure to obtain low-temperature cold heat by the heat of vaporization, and a second mixture generated by the evaporator. In an absorption refrigerator having an absorber that absorbs steam into the water-soluble salt.
A first liquid composition measuring device for measuring at least one of the concentration or the liquid composition of the working medium extracted from the regenerator, and the liquid composition measuring device.
A control device that adjusts the liquid composition of the working medium supplied to the regenerator based on the measurement result by the first liquid composition measuring device, and
An operating medium return mechanism that returns the working medium that has not been evaporated by the regenerator to the absorber,
An aqueous solution of the water-soluble salt provided between the regenerator and the absorber in the working medium return mechanism and absorbing the second mixed vapor at room temperature in the absorber and heated by the regenerator. A heat exchanger that exchanges heat with a hot working medium,
A water supply device that supplies water to at least one of the absorber, the regenerator, the condenser, or the evaporator.
Have a, and a water-soluble organic liquid supply device for supplying a water-soluble organic liquid,
The first liquid composition measuring device is
An absorption chiller that measures at least one of the concentration or liquid composition of the working medium after heat exchange by the heat exchanger. The absorption chiller according to claim 1 , wherein the water supply device and the water-soluble organic liquid supply device are provided in the absorber. The absorption chiller according to claim 2 , further comprising a discharge device for discharging the condensate in the condenser. A liquid obtained by mixing water, a water-soluble salt, and a water-soluble organic liquid is used as an operating medium, and a regenerator that heats the operating medium to evaporate the water and the water-soluble organic liquid, and a regenerator that evaporates in the regenerator. A condenser that cools and condenses the mixed steam of 1 and an evaporator that evaporates the condensate condensed by the condenser under reduced pressure to obtain low-temperature cold heat by the heat of vaporization, and a second mixture generated by the evaporator. In an absorption refrigerator having an absorber that absorbs steam into the water-soluble salt.
A first liquid composition measuring device for measuring at least one of the concentration or the liquid composition of the working medium extracted from the regenerator, and the liquid composition measuring device.
A control device that adjusts the liquid composition of the working medium supplied to the regenerator based on the measurement result by the first liquid composition measuring device, and
An operating medium return mechanism that returns the working medium that has not been evaporated by the regenerator to the absorber,
An aqueous solution of the water-soluble salt provided between the regenerator and the absorber in the working medium return mechanism and absorbing the second mixed vapor at room temperature in the absorber and heated by the regenerator. A heat exchanger that exchanges heat with a hot working medium,
A mixed liquid supply device for supplying a mixed liquid containing at least the water and the water-soluble organic liquid that has absorbed the second mixed vapor in the absorber to the evaporator is provided.
The first liquid composition measuring device is
An absorption chiller that measures at least one of the concentration or liquid composition of the working medium after heat exchange by the heat exchanger. The absorption chiller according to claim 4 , further comprising a second liquid composition measuring device for measuring at least one of the concentration or liquid composition of the condensed liquid in the evaporator. The absorption chiller according to claim 5 , further comprising a condensate supply device for extracting the condensate in the evaporator and supplying the condensate to the absorber. The absorption chiller according to claim 6 , further comprising a third liquid composition measuring device for measuring at least one of the concentration or liquid composition of the mixed liquid in the absorber. The absorption chiller according to claim 7 , further comprising a first water-soluble salt supply device that supplies an aqueous solution of the water-soluble salt into the absorber. The control device is
Control of driving at least one of the water supply device, the water-soluble organic liquid supply device, and the discharge device based on the measurement result of the operating medium in the regenerator by the first liquid composition measuring device. The absorption chiller according to claim 3. The control device is
Based on the measurement result of the condensate in the evaporator by the second liquid composition measuring device, an aqueous solution of the water-soluble salt that has absorbed the second mixed vapor in the absorber is supplied into the evaporator. The absorption chiller according to claim 5 , which controls a second water-soluble salt supply device. The control device is
Billing based on said third liquid composition measurement apparatus according to an aqueous solution of the water-soluble salt that has absorbed the second vapor mixture in the absorber measurement result, controls the pre Symbol first water-soluble salts supplying device Item 8. The absorption chiller according to Item 8. The absorption chiller according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the water-soluble salt is lithium bromide and the water-soluble organic liquid is 1.4 dioxane or an alcohol.

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