JP6970374B2 - Coal ash molding and its manufacturing method - Google Patents
Coal ash molding and its manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6970374B2 JP6970374B2 JP2017215695A JP2017215695A JP6970374B2 JP 6970374 B2 JP6970374 B2 JP 6970374B2 JP 2017215695 A JP2017215695 A JP 2017215695A JP 2017215695 A JP2017215695 A JP 2017215695A JP 6970374 B2 JP6970374 B2 JP 6970374B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- coal ash
- molded product
- mass
- unburned carbon
- amount
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
本発明は、セメントクリンカーの製造工程において、クリンカークーラーに投入される石炭灰成形物とその製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a coal ash molded product to be charged into a clinker cooler and a method for producing the same in the cement clinker manufacturing process.
現在、年間1千万トン前後の大量の石炭灰が火力発電所から発生しており、これを資源として再利用するため、コンクリート用混和材として使用する試みが従来から進められてきた。しかし、NOx排出規制などの環境規制の強化や発電効率の優先などによって、微粉炭が完全に燃焼されない傾向があり、回収される石炭灰中の未燃炭素量が増加している。未燃炭素量の多い石炭灰をコンクリート用混和材に用いると、未燃炭素がAE剤などの効果を妨げてエントレインドエアを導入し難くなり、また黒色の物質である未燃炭素がコンクリート表面に浮き出して外観を損なうなどの問題を生じる。 Currently, a large amount of coal ash of about 10 million tons is generated annually from thermal power plants, and in order to reuse this as a resource, attempts have been made to use it as an admixture for concrete. However, due to the tightening of environmental regulations such as NOx emission regulations and the priority of power generation efficiency, pulverized coal tends not to be completely burned, and the amount of unburned carbon in the recovered coal ash is increasing. When coal ash with a large amount of unburned carbon is used as an admixture for concrete, unburned carbon interferes with the effects of AE agents and makes it difficult to introduce entrained air, and unburned carbon, which is a black substance, forms the surface of concrete. It causes problems such as being raised in the concrete and spoiling the appearance.
そこで、コンクリート用混和材の使用に代えて、未燃炭素量の多い石炭灰を、キルン直下のクーラーで製造直後のセメントクリンカー上に投入して未燃炭素を燃焼させて除去し、未燃炭素が除去された石炭灰をクリンカーと共に粉砕してセメントに混合させる石炭灰の処理方法が知られている(特許文献1)。 Therefore, instead of using an admixture for concrete, coal ash with a large amount of unburned carbon is put into a cement clinker immediately after production with a cooler directly under the kiln to burn and remove unburned carbon. There is known a method for treating coal ash in which the coal ash from which is removed is crushed together with clinker and mixed with cement (Patent Document 1).
石炭灰を製造直後のセメントクリンカーに投入して未燃炭素を燃焼除去する処理方法では、石炭灰が飛散しないように石炭灰を成形物にして用いており、さらに投入時の落下の衝撃などによって崩壊しないように、該石炭灰成形物の圧壊強度および落下強度を一定以上にした処理方法が提案されている(特許文献2) In the treatment method in which coal ash is put into a cement clinker immediately after production to burn and remove unburned carbon, coal ash is used as a molded product so that the coal ash does not scatter. A treatment method in which the crushing strength and the drop strength of the coal ash molded product are set to a certain level or higher so as not to collapse has been proposed (Patent Document 2).
特許文献2の方法では、所定の圧壊強度および落下強度を有する石炭灰成形物を用いているが、該成形物の含水量は制御されていない。具体的には、特許文献2の方法では、石炭灰とバインダーの合計量100質量部に対して水を2〜35質量部を含む組成物を成形して養生し乾燥して所定の圧壊強度および落下強度を有する成形物にしているが、養生乾燥後の成形物の含水量は制御されていない。 In the method of Patent Document 2, a coal ash molded product having a predetermined crushing strength and drop strength is used, but the water content of the molded product is not controlled. Specifically, in the method of Patent Document 2, a composition containing 2 to 35 parts by mass of water with respect to 100 parts by mass of a total amount of coal ash and a binder is formed, cured and dried to obtain a predetermined crushing strength and a predetermined crushing strength. Although the molded product has a drop strength, the water content of the molded product after curing and drying is not controlled.
このため、石炭灰成形物が所定の圧壊強度および落下強度を有していても、含水量が多くなると、該石炭灰成形物が製造直後の高温下のセメントクリンカーに投入されると、該成形物に含まれる水分が急激に膨張して水蒸気爆裂を起こし、該成形物が破裂し飛散することがある。破裂して細かくなった成形物はクリンカーと反応し易く、該反応の程度に応じクリンカー中のセメント鉱物組成が変動するため、クリンカー品質を一定に維持することが困難になる。 Therefore, even if the coal ash molded product has a predetermined crushing strength and drop strength, when the water content is high, when the coal ash molded product is put into a cement clinker at a high temperature immediately after production, the molding is performed. Moisture contained in an object may rapidly expand, causing a steam explosion, and the molded article may explode and scatter. The ruptured and finely divided molded product easily reacts with the clinker, and the cement mineral composition in the clinker varies depending on the degree of the reaction, so that it becomes difficult to maintain the clinker quality constant.
また、細かくなった成形物はクリンカークーラーからロータリーキルンに導入される2次空気および仮焼炉に導入される3次空気に混入することがあるため、これらの空気がロータリーキルンや仮焼炉に循環されると、該空気に含まれる成形物飛散物が焼成工程に持ち込まれてクリンカーと反応し、クリンカーの鉱物組成を変動させるなどの問題があった。 In addition, since the finely divided molded product may be mixed with the secondary air introduced from the clinker cooler into the rotary kiln and the tertiary air introduced into the calciner, these air are circulated to the rotary kiln and the calciner. Then, there is a problem that the scattered matter of the molded product contained in the air is brought into the firing step and reacts with the clinker to change the mineral composition of the clinker.
また、特許文献2では、使用する石炭灰の炭素含有量は好ましくは3%以上、より好ましくは4〜50%、さらに好ましくは5〜45%、特に好ましくは6〜40%としているが、炭素含有量が10%以上の石炭灰は当該特許による方法では未燃炭素が多量に残り、セメント品質に悪影響を及ぼすことがある。 Further, in Patent Document 2, the carbon content of the coal ash used is preferably 3% or more, more preferably 4 to 50%, further preferably 5 to 45%, and particularly preferably 6 to 40%. Coal ash with a content of 10% or more has a large amount of unburned carbon remaining in the method according to the patent, which may adversely affect the cement quality.
さらに、特許文献2では、成形物について、形状と大きさおよび圧壊強度(もしくは落下強度)の好ましい範囲が記載されている。しかし、クリンカークーラー内の風速は5〜6m/s程度であり、成形物の密度が1.8g/cm3未満、かつ、体積が0.25cm3未満の場合、成形物は2次空気および3次空気に回収される場合があり、特許文献2に記載されるこれらの範囲は必ずしも好ましい範囲ではない。 Further, Patent Document 2 describes a preferable range of shape and size and crush strength (or drop strength) of the molded product. However, when the wind speed in the clinker cooler is about 5 to 6 m / s, the density of the molded product is less than 1.8 g / cm 3 and the volume is less than 0.25 cm 3 , the molded product is secondary air and 3 These ranges described in Patent Document 2 may not always be preferable because they may be recovered in the next air.
また、特許文献2では、石炭灰成形物をセメントクーラーの高温域に投入してクリンカーと混合すると共に石炭灰中の炭素を燃焼させているが、該成形物中の水分を蒸発させるための蒸発潜熱が考慮されていないため、未燃炭素燃焼後の該成形物の炭素含有量を1%以下にすることは難しく、最少でも2%以下であり、かなりの未燃炭素が残留している。このため、石炭灰に含まれる未燃炭素の問題を十分に解決することができない。 Further, in Patent Document 2, the coal ash molded product is put into a high temperature region of a cement cooler to be mixed with a clinker and the carbon in the coal ash is burned. Since latent heat is not taken into consideration, it is difficult to reduce the carbon content of the molded product after burning unburned carbon to 1% or less, at least 2% or less, and a considerable amount of unburned carbon remains. Therefore, the problem of unburned carbon contained in coal ash cannot be sufficiently solved.
本発明は、従来の石炭灰成形物における上記課題を解決したものであり、石炭灰成形物がセメントクーラーの高温域に投入されたときに崩壊し難く、石炭灰に含まれる未燃炭素が十分に燃焼除去される石炭灰形成物とその製造方法を提供する。 The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems in the conventional coal ash molded product, and the coal ash molded product does not easily collapse when it is put into a high temperature region of a cement cooler, and the unburned carbon contained in the coal ash is sufficient. To provide a coal ash formation to be burned and removed and a method for producing the same.
本発明は、以下の構成によって上記課題を解決した石炭灰成形物およびその製造方法に関する。
〔1〕未燃炭素量2.0〜15.0質量%の石炭灰を90.0〜99.6質量部含み、および乾燥状態の圧壊強度が5N以上になる量のバインダーを含有し、乾燥状態の含水量1.5質量%以下、密度1.8g/cm 3 以上(1.8g/cm 3 を除く)、体積0.25cm3以上であって、クリンカークーラーの800℃以上の温度域での未燃炭素の燃焼によって未燃炭素量が1.0%以下に低減することを特徴とする石炭灰成形物。
〔2〕クリンカークーラーの800℃以上の温度域での未燃炭素の燃焼によって未燃炭素量が0.5%以下に低減する上記[1]に記載する石炭灰成形物。
〔3〕未燃炭素量2.0〜15.0質量%の石炭灰90.0〜99.6質量部と、乾燥状態の圧壊強度が5N以上になる量のバインダーと、石炭灰とバインダーの合計量100質量部に対して15〜50質量部の水とを混合し、混合物を成形した後に、圧壊強度5N以上、密度1.8g/cm3以上(1.8g/cm 3 を除く)、体積0.25cm3以上、および含水量1.5質量%以下なるように養生し、乾燥することによって、石炭灰成形物の未燃炭素が、クリンカークーラーの800℃以上の温度域での燃焼によって未燃炭素量が1.0%以下に低減する石炭灰成形物の製造方法。
〔4〕上記[3]の製造方法であって、石炭灰成形物の未燃炭素が、クリンカークーラーの800℃以上の温度域での燃焼によって未燃炭素量が0.5%以下に低減する石炭灰成形物の製造方法。
The present invention relates to a coal ash molded product and a method for producing the same, which have solved the above problems by the following configurations.
[1] It contains 90.0 to 99.6 parts by mass of coal ash having an unburned carbon content of 2.0 to 15.0 mass%, and contains an amount of a binder having a crushing strength of 5 N or more in a dry state, and is dried. The water content in the state is 1.5% by mass or less, the density is 1.8 g / cm 3 or more (excluding 1.8 g / cm 3 ), the volume is 0.25 cm 3 or more, and in the temperature range of 800 ° C or more of the clinker cooler. A coal ash molded product characterized in that the amount of unburned carbon is reduced to 1.0% or less by burning the unburned carbon.
[2] The coal ash molded product according to the above [1], wherein the amount of unburned carbon is reduced to 0.5% or less by burning unburned carbon in a temperature range of 800 ° C. or higher in a clinker cooler.
[3] Coal ash with an unburned carbon content of 2.0 to 15.0% by mass, 90.0 to 99.6 parts by mass, a binder having a crushing strength of 5 N or more in a dry state, and coal ash and a binder. After mixing 15 to 50 parts by mass of water with 100 parts by mass of the total amount to form a mixture, crush strength of 5 N or more, density of 1.8 g / cm 3 or more (excluding 1.8 g / cm 3 ), By curing and drying so that the volume is 0.25 cm 3 or more and the water content is 1.5% by mass or less , the unburned carbon of the coal ash molded product is burned by the clinker cooler in the temperature range of 800 ° C. or higher. A method for producing a coal ash molded product in which the amount of unburned carbon is reduced to 1.0% or less.
[4] In the production method of the above [3], the amount of unburned carbon in the coal ash molded product is reduced to 0.5% or less by burning the clinker cooler in a temperature range of 800 ° C. or higher. A method for manufacturing a coal ash molded product.
本発明の石炭灰成形物は、ロータリーキルンから排出された製造直後のセメントクリンカーが搬送されるクリンカークーラーに投入され、石炭灰に含まれる未燃炭素がクリンカークーラー内を搬送されるセメントクリンカーの高温によって燃焼されることによって未燃炭素が除去された石炭灰をセメント混合材として利用されるためのものである。 The coal ash molded product of the present invention is put into a clinker cooler in which the cement clinker immediately after production discharged from the rotary kiln is transported, and the unburned carbon contained in the coal ash is transported in the clinker cooler due to the high temperature of the cement clinker. This is for using coal ash from which unburned carbon has been removed by burning as a cement mixture.
本発明の石炭灰成形物は、圧壊強度が5N以上であるので、セメントクリンカー投入時に崩壊し難く、また乾燥状態の含水量が1.5質量%以下であるので、800℃以上の高温域に投入したときに急激な水分膨張による破裂が発生せず、該成形物が細粉化し難い。 Since the coal ash molded product of the present invention has a crushing strength of 5 N or more, it does not easily collapse when a cement clinker is added, and since the water content in a dry state is 1.5% by mass or less, it can be placed in a high temperature range of 800 ° C. or higher. When it is charged, it does not burst due to rapid water expansion, and the molded product is difficult to be pulverized.
本発明の石炭灰成形物は、乾燥密度1.8g/cm 3 以上(1.8g/cm 3 を除く)および体積0.25cm3以上であり、一般的なクリンカークーラー中の風速では飛散しないので、ローラリーキルンに供給されるクリンカークーラー2次空気および仮焼炉に供給される3次空気に取り込まれ難く、セメントクリンカーの焼成工程に循環されない。従って、石炭灰とセメントクリンカーとの反応によるクリンカー鉱物組成の変動が殆ど無く、クリンカー鉱物組成を安定的に維持することができる。
The coal ash molded product of the present invention has a drying density of 1.8 g / cm 3 or more (excluding 1.8 g / cm 3 ) and a volume of 0.25 cm 3 or more, and does not scatter at the wind speed in a general clinker cooler. It is difficult to be taken in by the clinker cooler secondary air supplied to the roller Lee kiln and the tertiary air supplied to the calcining furnace, and is not circulated in the cement clinker firing process. Therefore, there is almost no change in the clinker mineral composition due to the reaction between the coal ash and the cement clinker, and the clinker mineral composition can be stably maintained.
また、本発明の石炭灰成形物は、未燃炭素量が2.0〜15.0質量%の石炭灰を用いることができ、セメント混合材として適さない未燃炭素量の多い石炭灰を大量に効率よく処理することができる。 Further, in the coal ash molded product of the present invention, coal ash having an unburned carbon content of 2.0 to 15.0 mass% can be used, and a large amount of coal ash having a large unburned carbon content, which is not suitable as a cement mixture, is used. Can be processed efficiently.
さらに、本発明の石炭灰成形物は、乾燥状態の圧壊強度が5N以上になる量のバインダーを加え、乾燥状態の含水量が1.5質量%以下なるように養生し乾燥して製造することができ、特殊な薬剤や製造設備を用いないので、容易に実施することができる。 Further, the coal ash molded product of the present invention is produced by adding a binder in an amount such that the crushing strength in the dry state is 5 N or more, curing and drying so that the water content in the dry state is 1.5% by mass or less. It can be easily carried out because it does not use special chemicals or manufacturing equipment.
以下、本発明を具体的に説明する。
〔石炭灰成形物〕
本発明の石炭灰成形物は、未燃炭素量2.0〜15.0質量%の石炭灰を90.0〜99.6質量部含み、および乾燥状態の圧壊強度が5N以上になる量のバインダーを含有し、乾燥状態の含水量1.5質量%以下、密度1.8g/cm 3 以上(1.8g/cm 3 を除く)、体積0.25cm3以上であって、クリンカークーラーの800℃以上の温度域での未燃炭素の燃焼によって未燃炭素量が1.0%以下に低減することを特徴とする石炭灰成形物である。好ましくは、未燃炭素量が0.5%以下に低減する石炭灰成形物である。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described.
[Coal ash molded product]
The coal ash molded product of the present invention contains 90.0 to 99.6 parts by mass of coal ash having an unburned carbon content of 2.0 to 15.0 mass%, and has an amount of crushing strength of 5 N or more in a dry state. It contains a binder, has a dry water content of 1.5% by mass or less, a density of 1.8 g / cm 3 or more (excluding 1.8 g / cm 3 ), a volume of 0.25 cm 3 or more, and is 800 of a clinker cooler. It is a coal ash molded product characterized in that the amount of unburned carbon is reduced to 1.0% or less by burning unburned carbon in a temperature range of ° C. or higher. Preferably, it is a coal ash molded product in which the amount of unburned carbon is reduced to 0.5% or less.
本発明の石炭灰成形物には未燃炭素量が2.0〜15.0質量%の石炭灰が用いられる。未燃炭素量が2.0質量%未満の石炭灰はそのままセメント混合材として用いることができるので、本発明の石炭灰成形物に用いる必要性は低い。一方、石炭灰中の未燃炭素量が15.0質量%を超えると、クリンカークーラーの800℃以上の温度域に投入されて未燃炭素が燃焼されるときに残留未燃炭素量が多くなり、未燃炭素量を1.0%以下に低減することが難しくなる。燃焼後の残留未燃炭素量が多いと、コンクリートに用いられるAE剤の多くが未燃炭素に吸着するため、コンクリートの空気量の制御が困難になる。また、未燃酸素量が多いと黒色の物質である未燃炭素がコンクリート表面に浮き出して外観を損なうなどの問題を生じる。 Coal ash having an unburned carbon content of 2.0 to 15.0% by mass is used for the coal ash molded product of the present invention. Since coal ash having an unburned carbon content of less than 2.0% by mass can be used as it is as a cement mixture, there is little need to use it in the coal ash molded product of the present invention. On the other hand, when the amount of unburned carbon in coal ash exceeds 15.0% by mass, the amount of residual unburned carbon increases when the unburned carbon is burned by being put into the temperature range of 800 ° C. or higher of the clinker cooler. , It becomes difficult to reduce the amount of unburned carbon to 1.0% or less. If the amount of residual unburned carbon after combustion is large, most of the AE agent used for concrete is adsorbed on the unburned carbon, which makes it difficult to control the amount of air in the concrete. In addition, if the amount of unburned oxygen is large, unburned carbon, which is a black substance, emerges on the concrete surface, causing problems such as spoiling the appearance.
石炭灰は、比表面積(ブレーン)3000cm2/g以上が好ましい。比表面積が3000cm2/g以下の石炭灰は、バインダー量が少ないと、乾燥後の成形物の圧壊強度が5N以上を確保できない場合がある。 The specific surface area (brain) of coal ash is preferably 3000 cm 2 / g or more. For coal ash having a specific surface area of 3000 cm 2 / g or less, if the amount of binder is small, the crushing strength of the molded product after drying may not be secured at 5 N or more.
本発明の石炭灰成形物は、上記未燃炭素量の石炭灰を90.0〜99.6質量部含む。石炭灰の含有量が90質量部より少ないと石炭灰成形物の活性度指数が低くなり、石炭灰成形物としての効果が不十分になる。石炭灰の含有量が99.6質量部を超えると相対的にバインダーの含有量が少なくなり、乾燥状態の圧壊強度を5N以上に保つことができなくなる。 The coal ash molded product of the present invention contains 90.0 to 99.6 parts by mass of the above unburned carbon content of coal ash. If the content of coal ash is less than 90 parts by mass, the activity index of the coal ash molded product becomes low, and the effect as the coal ash molded product becomes insufficient. When the content of coal ash exceeds 99.6 parts by mass, the content of the binder becomes relatively small, and the crushing strength in a dry state cannot be maintained at 5 N or more.
本発明の石炭灰成形物は、乾燥状態の圧壊強度が5N以上になる量のバインダー含む。乾燥状態の圧壊強度が5N未満では、セメントクリンカーに投入されたときに、落下時の衝撃によって崩壊するので好ましくない。一般には、圧壊強度が5N〜250Nの範囲が好ましい。圧壊強度が250Nを上回るにはバインダー量を多く必要とし、成形の効率が低下するので好ましくない。 The coal ash molded product of the present invention contains an amount of a binder having a crushing strength of 5 N or more in a dry state. If the crushing strength in the dry state is less than 5N, it is not preferable because it collapses due to the impact at the time of dropping when it is put into the cement clinker. Generally, the crushing strength is preferably in the range of 5N to 250N. In order for the crushing strength to exceed 250 N, a large amount of binder is required and the molding efficiency is lowered, which is not preferable.
バインダーは有機バインダーまたは無機バインダーの何れも用いることができる。また、有機バインダーと無機バインダーを混合して用いることができる。成形物が乾燥状態で5〜250Nの圧壊強度を有するには、一般的な有機バインダーの含有量は0.4〜5質量部が好ましく、一般的な無機バインダーの含有量は5〜10質量部が好ましい。 As the binder, either an organic binder or an inorganic binder can be used. Further, an organic binder and an inorganic binder can be mixed and used. In order for the molded product to have a crushing strength of 5 to 250 N in a dry state, the content of a general organic binder is preferably 0.4 to 5 parts by mass, and the content of a general inorganic binder is 5 to 10 parts by mass. Is preferable.
有機バインダーとして澱粉、固形パラフィン、ポリビニルアルコール、セルロース誘導体、スチレンブタジエンゴム、天然ゴム、グアガム誘導体、酢酸ビニル、エチレン酢酸ビニル樹脂、アクリル樹脂等を用いることができる。
無機バインダーとして普通ポルトランドセメント、早強ポルトランド、中庸熱ポルトランドセメント、低熱セメント、高炉セメント、フライアッシュセメント、アルミナセメント、シリカフューム、ベントナイト粉末、粘土粉末等を用いることができる。
As the organic binder, starch, solid paraffin, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose derivative, styrene butadiene rubber, natural rubber, guagam derivative, vinyl acetate, ethylene vinyl acetate resin, acrylic resin and the like can be used.
As the inorganic binder, ordinary Portland cement, early-strength Portland, moderate heat Portland cement, low heat cement, blast furnace cement, fly ash cement, alumina cement, silica fume, bentonite powder, clay powder and the like can be used.
また、石炭灰のポゾラン活性を引き出すアルカリ刺激剤を単独で、または、上記バインダーと併用して併用して添加することによって、石炭灰成形物の圧壊強度を高めることができる。アルカリ刺激剤としては、ナトリウム、カリウム、リチウムの炭酸塩(炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸カリウム、炭酸リチウム)やオキシカルボン酸塩(クエン酸ナトリウム、クエン酸リチウム)やアルミン酸ナトリウムなどがあげられる。 Further, by adding an alkaline stimulant that brings out the pozzolanic activity of coal ash alone or in combination with the above binder, the crushing strength of the coal ash molded product can be increased. Examples of the alkaline stimulant include sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, lithium carbonate (sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, lithium carbonate), oxycarboxylate (sodium citrate, lithium citrate), sodium aluminate, and the like.
本発明の石炭灰成形物は、乾燥状態の含水量1.5質量%以下である。乾燥状態の含水量が1.5質量%を超えると、クリンカークーラーの800℃以上の高温域に投入されたときに、急激な水分量の膨張によって水蒸気爆裂を起こし、圧壊強度が5N程度では崩壊して飛散する。乾燥状態の含水量1.5質量%以下であれば、このような水蒸気爆裂が生じ難い。石炭灰成形物が崩壊して飛散すると、未燃炭素が十分に燃焼されずに飛散した石炭灰粉末がクリンカークーラーの2次空気ないし3次空気に持ち込まれてクリンカーの焼成工程に導入されると共にクーラー内を循環するので、クーラー回収物の未燃炭素量を1.0%以下に低減し難くなる。未燃炭素量の多い石炭灰を含むクリンカーによって製造されたセメントは、セメント成形物の表面に黒色物質が浮き出すようになるので好ましくない。 The coal ash molded product of the present invention has a water content of 1.5% by mass or less in a dry state. When the water content in the dry state exceeds 1.5% by mass, when it is put into the high temperature range of 800 ° C or higher of the clinker cooler, steam explosion occurs due to the rapid expansion of the water content, and it collapses when the crushing strength is about 5N. And scatter. If the water content in the dry state is 1.5% by mass or less, such steam explosion is unlikely to occur. When the coal ash molded product collapses and scatters, the unburned carbon is not sufficiently burned and the scattered coal ash powder is brought into the secondary or tertiary air of the clinker cooler and introduced into the clinker firing process. Since it circulates in the cooler, it becomes difficult to reduce the amount of unburned carbon in the cooler recovered material to 1.0% or less. Cement produced by clinker containing coal ash with a large amount of unburned carbon is not preferable because a black substance will be exposed on the surface of the cement molded product.
本発明の石炭灰成形物は、乾燥密度1.8g/cm 3 以上(1.8g/cm 3 を除く)であって、体積0.25cm3以上である。乾燥密度1.8g/cm3未満で体積が0.25cm3未満の微粒子はクリンカークーラーの2次空気ないし3次空気の風速によって飛散されやすく、飛散された石炭灰が2次空気や3次空気に持ち込まれ、焼成工程に循環されたときに、セメントクリンカーと反応してクリンカー鉱物の組成変動を生じることがある。
The coal ash molded product of the present invention has a dry density of 1.8 g / cm 3 or more (excluding 1.8 g / cm 3 ) and a volume of 0.25 cm 3 or more. Dry density 1.8 g / cm 3 less than the volume is less than 0.25 cm 3 in particulate is easily scattered to the secondary without air clinker cooler by velocity of the tertiary air, scattered coal ash secondary air and tertiary air When brought into the air and circulated in the firing process, it may react with cement clinker to cause compositional changes in clinker minerals.
〔製造方法〕
本発明の石炭灰成形物は、未燃炭素量が2.0〜15.0質量%の石炭灰90.0〜99.6質量部と、乾燥状態の圧壊強度が5N以上になる量のバインダーと、石炭灰とバインダーの合計量100質量部に対して15〜50質量部の水を混合し、該混合物を成形した後に、圧壊強度5N以上、乾燥密度1.8g/cm 3 以上(1.8g/cm 3 を除く)、体積0.25cm3以上、および含水量1.5質量%以下なるように養生し乾燥して製造することができる。
〔Production method〕
The coal ash molded product of the present invention has 99.0 to 99.6 parts by mass of coal ash having an unburned carbon content of 2.0 to 15.0 mass% and a binder having an amount of crushing strength of 5 N or more in a dry state. After mixing 15 to 50 parts by mass of water with 100 parts by mass of the total amount of coal ash and the binder and forming the mixture, the crushing strength is 5 N or more and the drying density is 1.8 g / cm 3 or more (1. It can be cured and dried so as to have a volume of 0.25 cm 3 or more and a water content of 1.5% by mass or less ( excluding 8 g / cm 3).
石炭灰とバインダーの混合物に加える水の量は、石炭灰とバインダーの合計量100質量部に対して15〜50質量部が好ましい。混合物に加える水の量が15質量部よりも少ないと成形するための混錬ができず、50質量部を超えると成形装置に混練物が付着する問題があり、また乾燥後の含水量を1.5質量%以下にするのに多くの熱エネルギーがかかるようになるので好ましくない。 The amount of water added to the mixture of the coal ash and the binder is preferably 15 to 50 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the coal ash and the binder. If the amount of water added to the mixture is less than 15 parts by mass, kneading for molding cannot be performed, and if it exceeds 50 parts by mass, there is a problem that the kneaded material adheres to the molding apparatus, and the water content after drying is 1. It is not preferable because a large amount of heat energy is required to reduce the content to .5% by mass or less.
石炭灰のポゾラン活性を引き出すアルカリ刺激剤を単独で使用し、または上記バインダーと併用して使用することによって、石炭灰成形物の圧壊強度を高めることができる。アルカリ刺激剤としては、ナトリウム、カリウム、リチウムの炭酸塩(炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸カリウム、炭酸リチウム)やオキシカルボン酸塩(クエン酸ナトリウム、クエン酸リチウム)、アルミン酸ナトリウムなどがあげられる。これらの1種類以上を、石炭灰100質量部に対して0.1〜1.0質量部添加することによって圧壊強度を高めることができる。 By using an alkaline stimulant that brings out the pozzolanic activity of coal ash alone or in combination with the above binder, the crushing strength of the coal ash molded product can be increased. Examples of the alkaline stimulant include sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, lithium carbonate (sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, lithium carbonate), oxycarboxylate (sodium citrate, lithium citrate), sodium aluminate and the like. The crushing strength can be increased by adding 0.1 to 1.0 parts by mass of one or more of these to 100 parts by mass of coal ash.
混練物の成形は押出成形、ロールプレスなど各種の成形手段を用いることができる。また成形は造粒を含む。造粒手段はパンペレタイザーなど各種の造粒手段を用いることができる。成形手段および造粒手段は限定されない。 Various molding means such as extrusion molding and roll press can be used for molding the kneaded product. Molding also includes granulation. As the granulation means, various granulation means such as a bread pelletizer can be used. The molding means and the granulation means are not limited.
成形後に、乾燥密度1.8g/cm 3 以上(1.8g/cm 3 を除く)、体積0.25cm3以上、および含水量1.5質量%以下なるように養生し乾燥して本発明の石炭灰成形物を製造する。例えば、振動によって成形物を分散させると共に100℃〜300℃の熱風を吹き当てて成形物を乾燥させる連続式乾燥機などを用いると良い。
After molding, the present invention is cured and dried so that the drying density is 1.8 g / cm 3 or more (excluding 1.8 g / cm 3 ), the volume is 0.25 cm 3 or more, and the water content is 1.5% by mass or less. Manufactures coal ash moldings. For example, it is preferable to use a continuous dryer or the like in which the molded product is dispersed by vibration and hot air of 100 ° C. to 300 ° C. is blown to dry the molded product.
〔発明の効果〕
本発明の石炭灰成形物は含水量が少ないので、800℃以上の高温域に投入されたときに水分の急激な膨張による崩壊を生じ難い。従って、クリンカークーラー内を搬送される製造直後のクリンカー上に投入しても石炭灰が飛散することなく未燃炭素が燃焼し、未燃炭素が1.0%以下に低減する。好ましくは未燃炭素量が0.5%以下に低減する。従って、セメントクリンカーに取り込まれる未燃炭素量が大幅に少なく、炭素が燃焼によって除去された石炭灰をセメント混合材として良好に利用することができる。
〔The invention's effect〕
Since the coal ash molded product of the present invention has a low water content, it is unlikely to collapse due to rapid expansion of water content when it is put into a high temperature region of 800 ° C. or higher. Therefore, even if the coal ash is put on the clinker immediately after production which is conveyed in the clinker cooler, the unburned carbon is burned without scattering the coal ash, and the unburned carbon is reduced to 1.0% or less. Preferably, the amount of unburned carbon is reduced to 0.5% or less. Therefore, the amount of unburned carbon incorporated into the cement clinker is significantly small, and the coal ash from which carbon has been removed by combustion can be satisfactorily used as a cement mixture.
さらに、本発明の石炭灰成形物は、乾燥密度1.8g/cm 3 以上(1.8g/cm 3 を除く)および体積0.25cm3以上であるので、一般的なクリンカークーラー中の風速では飛散しないので、石炭灰が焼成工程に持ち込まれることがなく、セメントクリンカーと石炭灰が反応することないので、クリンカーの鉱物組成の変動を招かず、クリンカーの品質を良好に維持することができる。
Further, since the coal ash molded product of the present invention has a drying density of 1.8 g / cm 3 or more (excluding 1.8 g / cm 3 ) and a volume of 0.25 cm 3 or more, the wind speed in a general clinker cooler Since it does not scatter, coal ash is not brought into the firing process, and the cement clinker and coal ash do not react with each other, so that the mineral composition of the clinker does not fluctuate and the quality of the clinker can be maintained satisfactorily.
以下、本発明の実施例を比較例と共に示す。
成形物について、乾燥状態の含水量はJIS規格 JIS A 6201「コンクリート用フライアッシュ」に基づいて測定した。
圧壊強度は、該成形物と同配合の直径5mm、高さ10mmの円柱の供試体を、押出し成型により作製し、所定の養生、乾燥後、インストロン型万能試験機を用いて測定した。
密度はJIS規格JIS R 5201「セメントの物理試験方法」に基づいて測定した。
成形物体積は成形物質量を密度で除して算出した。
石炭灰は以下のABCを用いた。
石炭灰A(未燃炭素量14.2質量%、ブレーン比表面積3500cm2/g)、
石炭灰B(未燃炭素量4.5質量%、ブレーン比表面積3610cm2/g)
石炭灰C(未燃炭素量17.4質量%、ブレーン比表面積3580cm2/g)
有機バインダーは澱粉(松谷化学工業株式会社製マツノリン)を、無機バインダーは粘土粉末(クニミネ工業株式会社製ベントナイト)を用いた。また、アルカリ刺激剤は炭酸ナトリウム(試薬1級)およびアルミン酸ナトリウムを用いた。混練水は水道水を用いた。
Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be shown together with comparative examples.
For the molded product, the water content in the dry state was measured based on JIS standard JIS A 6201 "fly ash for concrete".
The crushing strength was measured by using an Instron-type universal testing machine after preparing a cylindrical specimen having the same composition as the molded product and having a diameter of 5 mm and a height of 10 mm by extrusion molding, and after predetermined curing and drying.
The density was measured based on JIS standard JIS R 5201 "Physical test method for cement".
The volume of the molded product was calculated by dividing the amount of the molded substance by the density.
The following ABC was used as the coal ash.
Coal ash A (unburned carbon content 14.2% by mass, brain specific surface area 3500 cm 2 / g),
Coal ash B (unburned carbon content 4.5% by mass, brain specific surface area 3610 cm 2 / g)
Coal ash C (unburned carbon content 17.4% by mass, brain specific surface area 3580 cm 2 / g)
Starch (Matsutani Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was used as the organic binder, and clay powder (Bentonite manufactured by Kunimine Industry Co., Ltd.) was used as the inorganic binder. Moreover, sodium carbonate (reagent first grade) and sodium aluminate were used as an alkali stimulant. Tap water was used as the kneading water.
〔実施例A:石炭灰成形物の調製〕
石炭灰A、バインダー(澱粉、粘土粉末)、アルカリ刺激剤(炭酸ナトリウム)、水を表1に示す割合で、ヘンシェルミキサー(型式FM20B型)を使用して500rpmで1分間混練した、この混練物を押出し成型法により、直径6mm、高さ10mmの寸法に成形した。これを40℃、湿度80%の条件で24時間養生した後、流動層乾燥機(型式10F型)によって、110℃、風量5m3/minの条件で60分乾燥して成形物を製造した。この成形物の密度、圧壊強度、含水量を表1に示した。
[Example A: Preparation of coal ash molded product]
Coal ash A, binder (starch, clay powder), alkaline stimulant (sodium carbonate), and water were kneaded at a ratio shown in Table 1 at 500 rpm for 1 minute using a Henshell mixer (model FM20B type). Was molded into dimensions having a diameter of 6 mm and a height of 10 mm by an extrusion molding method. This was cured under the conditions of 40 ° C. and 80% humidity for 24 hours, and then dried by a fluidized bed dryer (model 10F type) at 110 ° C. and an air volume of 5 m 3 / min for 60 minutes to produce a molded product. Table 1 shows the density, crush strength, and water content of this molded product.
表1に示すように、結合剤量が0.4〜10質量%の場合には、石炭灰成形物の圧壊強度が5N以上になった。また、水の配合量が60%以上では、石炭灰成形物の密度が1.8cm3/g未満となり、さらに乾燥後の含水量が2.5%以上になった。 As shown in Table 1, when the amount of the binder was 0.4 to 10% by mass, the crushing strength of the coal ash molded product was 5 N or more. When the water content was 60% or more, the density of the coal ash molded product was less than 1.8 cm 3 / g, and the water content after drying was 2.5% or more.
〔実施例B:石炭灰成形物の含水量と崩壊性〕
石炭灰A、バインダー(澱粉)、水を、表1の実施例2と同様の割合で配合し、ヘンシェルミキサー(型式FM20B型)を使用して500rpmで1分間混練した、この混練物を押出し成型法により、直径6mm、高さ12mmの寸法に成形した。これを40℃、湿度80%の条件で24時間養生した後、流動層乾燥機(型式10F型)で110℃、風量5m3/minの条件で0分、10分、20分、30分、40分、50分、60分乾燥して成形物を製造した。この成形物を試験炉に入れ、800℃の空気を風速6m/sで導入し、30分間焼成して崩壊の程度を調べた。また、石炭灰成形物を試験炉投入直後から3分までの炉内空気を回収し、回収空気を白色のフィルターに通し、フィルターが変色しないものを石炭灰量無し、フィルターが薄い灰色に変色するものを石炭灰量が少ない、フィルターが濃い灰色ないし黒色に変色するものを石炭灰量が多いとした。この成形物の含水量、圧壊強度、高温崩壊の有無、及び回収空気中の石炭灰量を表2に示した。
[Example B: Moisture content and disintegration of coal ash molding]
Coal ash A, binder (starch), and water were mixed in the same proportions as in Example 2 of Table 1 and kneaded at 500 rpm for 1 minute using a Henschel mixer (model FM20B type), and this kneaded product was extruded and molded. By the method, it was molded into dimensions having a diameter of 6 mm and a height of 12 mm. After curing this for 24 hours under the conditions of 40 ° C. and 80% humidity, 0 minutes, 10 minutes, 20 minutes, 30 minutes under the conditions of 110 ° C. and air volume of 5 m 3 / min in a fluidized bed dryer (model 10F type). The molded product was produced by drying for 40 minutes, 50 minutes, and 60 minutes. This molded product was placed in a test furnace, air at 800 ° C. was introduced at a wind speed of 6 m / s, and the mixture was calcined for 30 minutes to examine the degree of disintegration. In addition, the coal ash molded product is recovered from the air in the furnace for up to 3 minutes immediately after being put into the test furnace, and the recovered air is passed through a white filter. Those with a small amount of coal ash were considered to have a large amount of coal ash, and those with a filter that turned dark gray to black were considered to have a large amount of coal ash. Table 2 shows the water content, crushing strength, presence or absence of high temperature collapse, and the amount of coal ash in the recovered air of this molded product.
表2に示すように、成形物を800℃の高温下で30分間焼成すると、含水量1.9%以上の成形物は何れも崩壊して飛散し、含水量1.6%の成形物も僅かに崩壊する。一方、含水量1.5%以下の成形物はこのような高温焼成下でも崩壊せず、飛散しないので回収空気中に石炭灰が混入しない。 As shown in Table 2, when the molded product is fired at a high temperature of 800 ° C. for 30 minutes, all the molded products having a water content of 1.9% or more disintegrate and scatter, and some molded products having a water content of 1.6% also disintegrate. It collapses slightly. On the other hand, a molded product having a water content of 1.5% or less does not disintegrate even under such high-temperature firing and does not scatter, so that coal ash does not mix in the recovered air.
〔実施例C〕
石炭灰A、バインダー(澱粉、粘土粉末)、アルカリ刺激剤(炭酸ナトリウム)、水の配合量がおのおの表1の実施例2、実施例3、実施例7、比較例1、比較例2と同じ成形物について、配合した原料を、ヘンシェルミキサー(型式FM20B型)を使用して500rpmで1分間混練した、この混練物を押出し成型法により、以下の3種(イ、ロ、ハ)におのおの成形した。
(イ)直径10mm、高さ15mm、体積約1.2cm3、
(ロ)直径6mm、高さ10mm、体積約0.28cm3、
(ハ)直径5mm、高さ5mm、体積約0.1cm3
これらを、40℃、湿度80%の条件で24時間養生した後、流動層乾燥機(型式10F型)で110℃、風量5m3/minの条件で60分乾燥し成形物を製造した。なお、比較例2は乾燥時間60分では含水量が1.5%以下にできなかったので、乾燥時間を90分に延長した。さらに、この成形物を試験炉に入れ、800℃の空気を風速6m/sで導入し、30分間焼成して崩壊の程度、焼成後の未燃炭素量を調べた。また、石炭灰成形物を試験炉内投入直後から3分までの炉内空気を回収し、回収空気中に含まれる石炭灰量を調査した。この結果を表3に示した。
[Example C]
The blending amounts of coal ash A, binder (starch, clay powder), alkaline stimulant (sodium carbonate), and water are the same as in Example 2, Example 3, Example 7, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 in Table 1, respectively. Regarding the molded product, the blended raw materials were kneaded at 500 rpm for 1 minute using a starch mixer (model FM20B type), and this kneaded product was molded into the following three types (a, b, and c) by the extrusion molding method. bottom.
(B) Diameter 10 mm, height 15 mm, volume about 1.2 cm 3 ,
(B) Diameter 6 mm, height 10 mm, volume about 0.28 cm 3 ,
(C) Diameter 5 mm, height 5 mm, volume approx. 0.1 cm 3
These were cured under the conditions of 40 ° C. and 80% humidity for 24 hours, and then dried in a fluidized bed dryer (model 10F type) at 110 ° C. and an air volume of 5 m 3 / min for 60 minutes to produce a molded product. In Comparative Example 2, the water content could not be reduced to 1.5% or less in the drying time of 60 minutes, so the drying time was extended to 90 minutes. Further, this molded product was placed in a test furnace, air at 800 ° C. was introduced at a wind speed of 6 m / s, and the product was fired for 30 minutes to examine the degree of decay and the amount of unburned carbon after firing. In addition, the air in the furnace was recovered from immediately after the coal ash molded product was put into the test furnace for up to 3 minutes, and the amount of coal ash contained in the recovered air was investigated. The results are shown in Table 3.
表3に示すように、実施例2,3,7の成形物は、体積0.25cm3以上、密度2.0g/cm3以上の試料は何れも回収空気中の石炭灰量が少なく、空気中に取り込まれ難いことが分かる。一方、成形物の体積が0.1cm3の試料は何れも回収空気中の石炭灰量が少量ながら測定されるので、成形物が回収空気中に取り込まれないためには、成形物の体積は0.25cm3以上が好ましい。なお、比較例1は圧壊強度が3Nであるので崩壊しやすく、回収空気中の石炭灰量が多い。また、比較例2は石炭灰成形物の密度が1.7g/cm3であり、1.8g/cm3未満であるため回収空気中の石炭灰量がやや多いまたは多い。なお、表3において、回収空気中の石炭灰量がやや多いのはフィルターが濃い灰色に変化したものである。その他は表2の判断基準と同じである。 As shown in Table 3, the molded product of Example 2, 3 and 7, the volume 0.25 cm 3 or more, both the density 2.0 g / cm 3 or more samples less coal ash content in the recovered air, air It turns out that it is difficult to be taken in. On the other hand, in each sample having a volume of 0.1 cm 3 of the molded product, the amount of coal ash in the recovered air is measured even though the amount is small. 0.25 cm 3 or more is preferable. In Comparative Example 1, since the crushing strength is 3N, it easily collapses and the amount of coal ash in the recovered air is large. Also, Comparative Example 2 is the density of 1.7 g / cm 3 of coal ash moldings, coal ash amount of recovery in the air for less than 1.8 g / cm 3 is slightly more or greater. In Table 3, the amount of coal ash in the recovered air was slightly large because the filter turned dark gray. Others are the same as the judgment criteria in Table 2.
〔実施例D〕
石炭灰A、石炭灰B、石炭灰C、バインダー(澱粉)、アルカリ刺激剤(炭酸ナトリウム)、水を表4に示す割合で配合し、ヘンシェルミキサー(型式FM20B型)を使用して500rpmで1分間混練した、この混練物を押出し成型法により、直径6mm、高さ10mmの寸法に成形した。これを40℃、湿度80%の条件で24時間養生した後、流動層乾燥機(型式10F型)で110℃、風量5m3/minの条件で60分乾燥し成形物を製造した。さらに、この成形物を試験炉に入れ、800℃の空気を風速6m/sで導入し、20分、30分、60分間焼成した後の未燃炭素量を調べた。この結果を表4に示した。表4の実施例2、実施例3の原料配合は表1の実施例2、実施例3と同じである。
[Example D]
Coal ash A, coal ash B, coal ash C, binder (starch), alkaline stimulant (sodium carbonate), and water are mixed in the proportions shown in Table 4, and 1 at 500 rpm using a Henshell mixer (model FM20B type). This kneaded product, which had been kneaded for a minute, was formed into dimensions having a diameter of 6 mm and a height of 10 mm by an extrusion molding method. This was cured for 24 hours under the conditions of 40 ° C. and 80% humidity, and then dried in a fluidized bed dryer (model 10F type) at 110 ° C. and an air volume of 5 m 3 / min for 60 minutes to produce a molded product. Further, this molded product was placed in a test furnace, air at 800 ° C. was introduced at a wind speed of 6 m / s, and the amount of unburned carbon after firing for 20 minutes, 30 minutes, and 60 minutes was examined. The results are shown in Table 4. The raw material formulations of Examples 2 and 3 in Table 4 are the same as those of Examples 2 and 3 in Table 1.
表4に示すように、未燃炭素量が15%以下の石炭灰A,Bを用いた実施例2、実施例3、実施例10は何れも未燃炭素量が1%以下に減少するが、未燃炭素量が17.4%の石炭灰Cを用いた比較例4は焼成後の未燃炭素量が1.2%以上であり、燃焼後の残留未燃炭素量が多くなるので好ましくない。 As shown in Table 4, in Examples 2, 3, 3 and 10 using coal ash A and B having an unburned carbon content of 15% or less, the unburned carbon content is reduced to 1% or less. Comparative Example 4 using coal ash C having an unburned carbon content of 17.4% is preferable because the unburned carbon content after firing is 1.2% or more and the residual unburned carbon content after combustion is large. No.
石炭灰A、石炭灰B、石炭灰C、バインダー(澱粉)、アルカリ刺激剤(炭酸ナトリウム)、水を表5に示す割合で配合し、ヘンシェルミキサー(型式FM20B型)を使用して500rpmで1分間混練した、この混練物を押出し成型法により、直径6mm、高さ10mmの寸法に成形した。これを40℃、湿度80%の条件で24時間養生した後、流動層乾燥機(型式10F型)で110℃、風量5m3/minの条件で60分乾燥し成形物を製造した。さらに、普通ポルトランドセメントのクリンカー1000gを800℃の加熱炉内で熱し、この上に上記石炭灰成形物50g(セメントクリンカー100質量%に対して5質量%)を散布した。試験炉内で、20分、30分、60分間焼成した後の試料に、二水石膏を2%添加してブレーン比表面積が3300cm2/gになるまで粉砕し、普通ポルトランドセメントを試製した。
試製したセメントについて、JIS規格(JIS R 5201「セメントの物理試験方法」)に従って、セメント450g、標準砂1350g、水セメント比50%でモルタルを混練し、得られたモルタルの表面部に浮き出る黒色物質の有無を調べた。
Coal ash A, coal ash B, coal ash C, binder (starch), alkaline stimulant (sodium carbonate), and water are mixed in the proportions shown in Table 5, and 1 at 500 rpm using a Henshell mixer (model FM20B type). This kneaded product, which had been kneaded for a minute, was formed into dimensions having a diameter of 6 mm and a height of 10 mm by an extrusion molding method. This was cured for 24 hours under the conditions of 40 ° C. and 80% humidity, and then dried in a fluidized bed dryer (model 10F type) at 110 ° C. and an air volume of 5 m 3 / min for 60 minutes to produce a molded product. Further, 1000 g of ordinary Portland cement clinker was heated in a heating furnace at 800 ° C., and 50 g of the above coal ash molded product (5% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of cement clinker) was sprayed thereto. After firing for 20 minutes, 30 minutes, and 60 minutes in a test furnace, 2% of dihydrate gypsum was added and pulverized until the brain specific surface area became 3300 cm 2 / g, and ordinary Portland cement was prepared.
For the trial-made cement, mortar is kneaded with 450 g of cement, 1350 g of standard sand, and 50% of water-cement ratio according to JIS standard (JIS R 5201 "Physical test method of cement"), and a black substance that emerges on the surface of the obtained mortar. I checked for the presence of.
表5に示すように、未燃炭素量が15%以下の石炭灰A,Bを用いた実施例2、実施例3、実施例10は何れも黒色物質の浮きは認められなかった。一方、石炭灰Cを用いた比較例4は黒色物質の浮きが認められるので好ましくない。 As shown in Table 5, in Examples 2, Example 3, and Example 10 using coal ash A and B having an unburned carbon content of 15% or less, no floating of a black substance was observed. On the other hand, Comparative Example 4 using coal ash C is not preferable because floating of a black substance is observed.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017215695A JP6970374B2 (en) | 2017-11-08 | 2017-11-08 | Coal ash molding and its manufacturing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017215695A JP6970374B2 (en) | 2017-11-08 | 2017-11-08 | Coal ash molding and its manufacturing method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2019085311A JP2019085311A (en) | 2019-06-06 |
| JP6970374B2 true JP6970374B2 (en) | 2021-11-24 |
Family
ID=66762255
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017215695A Active JP6970374B2 (en) | 2017-11-08 | 2017-11-08 | Coal ash molding and its manufacturing method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP6970374B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112629971A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-09 | 长沙开元仪器有限公司 | Coal ash adhesive and ash cone manufacturing method |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5370976A (en) * | 1976-12-04 | 1978-06-23 | Fmc Corp | High density of coal fly ash |
| JPS61163152A (en) * | 1985-01-14 | 1986-07-23 | 宇部興産株式会社 | Manufacture of artificial lightweight aggregate |
| JP2004323288A (en) * | 2003-04-24 | 2004-11-18 | Ube Ind Ltd | Hydraulic modified coal ash and method for producing the same |
| KR101941328B1 (en) * | 2012-01-31 | 2019-04-12 | 다이헤이요 세멘토 가부시키가이샤 | Production method for cement composition |
| JP5946107B2 (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2016-07-05 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | Method for producing cement composition |
| JP2017148762A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2017-08-31 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | Fly ash reforming method and reformer |
-
2017
- 2017-11-08 JP JP2017215695A patent/JP6970374B2/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2019085311A (en) | 2019-06-06 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP2648803B2 (en) | Method for treating fly ash and sewage sludge, method for producing lightweight aggregate using fly ash and sewage sludge, and lightweight aggregate | |
| JP5991998B2 (en) | Method for producing cement composition | |
| CN102206091B (en) | Method for making ceramsite by using sludge | |
| US7594964B2 (en) | High strength magnesium slag brick and method of producing the same | |
| CN103739184B (en) | Method for drying and direct blending combustion of domestic sludge by using dry-process cement kiln waste heat | |
| US5496404A (en) | Process of recycling paint waste | |
| JP6970374B2 (en) | Coal ash molding and its manufacturing method | |
| JP2000143307A (en) | Method for producing artificial lightweight aggregate and artificial lightweight aggregate obtained by this method | |
| JP2019095401A (en) | Method for predicting strength of artificial lightweight aggregate | |
| US2408647A (en) | Manufacture of hydrated lime | |
| CN102219424A (en) | Method for preparing CSA (calcium sulfoaluminate) concrete expansion agent by utilizing petroleum coke desulfurization ash | |
| JPH04119952A (en) | Production of artificial light aggregate | |
| JP2004323288A (en) | Hydraulic modified coal ash and method for producing the same | |
| JPS63500237A (en) | Method for converting organic and inorganic wastes into solid inert water-insoluble substances | |
| JP2001253740A (en) | Artificial aggregate and method for producing the same | |
| EP2008983A1 (en) | Method for manufacturing an aggregate and aggregate, in particular for building materials | |
| JP2002212646A (en) | Method for producing iron ore pellet | |
| KR100941047B1 (en) | Solidifying agent and non-plastic ocher brick using the same and manufacturing method thereof | |
| JP2002167288A (en) | Method of manufacturing artificial lightweight aggregate | |
| CZ298891B6 (en) | Process of treating fine silty silicate raw materials particularly that of china clays, clays laminated clays or mixtures thereof | |
| JP2001163648A (en) | Manufacturing method of artificial aggregate using waste incineration ash and artificial aggregate | |
| TWI686363B (en) | Textile sludge reproduction-based light-weight pellet material, preparation method and manufacturing system thereof | |
| CN107793057A (en) | A kind of Desulphurization flying dust flyash complex mineral blending material and preparation method thereof | |
| TWI685476B (en) | Pulp sludge reproduction-based light-weight pellet material, preparation method and manufacturing system thereof | |
| JP3254589B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for producing artificial lightweight aggregate |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20200929 |
|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20210616 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20210707 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20210829 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20210929 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20211012 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 6970374 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| S111 | Request for change of ownership or part of ownership |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313111 |
|
| R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |