JP6972140B2 - Power control device and control method of power control device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a power control device and a control method for the power control device.

Conventionally, electric motorcycles powered by a motor have been known. In this conventional electric motorcycle, one battery is used as a power source.

Here, when a plurality of (for example, two) mobile batteries are applied to the electric motorcycle, it is assumed that the plurality of batteries are connected in parallel or in series by using a contactor.

If the contactor fails, the electric power required for the motor output cannot be supplied from each mobile battery, or the charger cannot charge each mobile battery. Further, if the contactor fails, the battery short-circuit mode is set when the contactor is operated during running / starting the charger system, which leads to a battery failure.

As described above, failure diagnosis of a contactor for connecting a plurality of batteries in parallel or in series is required (see Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-160589 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-147139

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a power control device capable of performing failure diagnosis of a contactor for connecting a plurality of batteries in parallel or in series.

The power control device according to the embodiment according to one aspect of the present invention is
A first positive battery terminal to which the positive electrode of the first battery can be connected, and a first negative battery terminal to which the negative electrode of the first battery can be connected.
A second positive battery terminal to which the positive electrode of the second battery can be connected, and a second negative battery terminal to which the negative electrode of the second battery can be connected.
The first charging terminal to which the output on the high potential side of the charger is connected and the voltage on the high potential side of the charger is applied,
A second charging terminal to which the output on the low potential side of the charger is connected and the voltage on the low potential side of the charger is applied,
The first drive voltage terminal connected to the first positive battery terminal,
A second drive voltage terminal connected to the second charging terminal,
A first rectifying element, the first node of which is connected to the first charging terminal and the second node of which is connected to the first positive battery terminal to prevent backflow of current.
A second rectifying element, the first node of which is connected to the first charging terminal and the second node of which is connected to the second positive battery terminal to prevent backflow of current.
A first contactor connected between the first negative battery terminal and the second positive battery terminal,
A second contactor connected between the first negative battery terminal and the second charging terminal,
By controlling the first contactor and the second contactor, the first battery connected to the first positive battery terminal and the first negative battery terminal, the second positive battery terminal, and the second positive battery terminal. It controls the electrical circuit connection with the second battery connected to the second negative battery terminal, and also controls the charging / discharging of the first battery and the second battery. A drive control unit having a capacitor connected between the drive voltage terminal of 1 and the second drive voltage terminal is provided.
The drive control unit
In the failure determination mode for determining the failure of the first contactor and the second contactor,
The first drive voltage terminal and the second when the first contactor and the second contactor are controlled so that the first battery and the second battery are connected in parallel or in series. It is characterized in that failure of at least one of the first contactor and the second contactor is determined based on the capacitor voltage between the drive voltage terminal and the drive voltage terminal.

In the power control device
In the failure determination mode,
The drive control unit
After controlling the first contactor to off and controlling the second contactor to off, the first battery is started and the first battery voltage is output in a state where no electric charge remains in the capacitor. Let me
After outputting the first battery voltage from the first battery, the capacitor voltage between the first drive voltage terminal and the second drive voltage terminal is detected, and the detected first detection voltage is detected. Is equal to or higher than the preset first threshold voltage, it is determined that the second contactor has a short-circuit failure, while the detected first detected voltage is less than the first threshold voltage. In some cases, it is determined that the second contactor has not failed due to a short circuit, and it is determined that the second contactor has not failed.
When it is determined that the second contactor has not failed due to a short circuit, after controlling the second contactor to ON, the capacitor voltage between the first drive voltage terminal and the second drive voltage terminal is set. When the detected and detected second detection voltage is less than the first threshold voltage, it is determined that the second contactor has an open failure, while the detected second detection voltage is When the voltage is equal to or higher than the first threshold voltage, it is determined that the second contactor has not failed in an open manner.

In the power control device
In the failure determination mode,
The drive control unit
When it is determined that the second contactor has not failed open, the second contactor is controlled to be off, and then the second battery is started to output the second battery voltage.
After outputting the second battery voltage from the second battery, the capacitor voltage between the first drive voltage terminal and the second drive voltage terminal is detected, and the detected third detection voltage is detected. Is equal to or higher than the second threshold voltage higher than the preset first threshold voltage, it is determined that the first contactor has a short-circuit failure, while the detected third detection voltage. If is less than the second threshold voltage, it is determined that the first contactor has not failed due to a short circuit.
When it is determined that the first contactor has not failed due to a short circuit, after controlling the first contactor to ON, the capacitor voltage between the first drive voltage terminal and the second drive voltage terminal is set. When the detected and detected fourth detection voltage is less than the second threshold voltage, it is determined that the first contactor has an open failure, while the detected fourth detection voltage is When the voltage is equal to or higher than the second threshold voltage, it is determined that the first contactor has not failed in an open manner.

In the power control device
The drive control unit
A motor drive voltage is generated from the voltage between the first drive voltage terminal and the second drive voltage terminal, and the motor is driven by the motor drive voltage.
It is characterized by that.

In the power control device
The drive control unit
A bridge circuit for supplying a voltage between the first drive voltage terminal and the second drive voltage terminal and outputting the motor drive voltage to the motor to drive the motor is further provided.
The drive control unit
It is characterized in that the voltage of the capacitor is discharged by the bridge circuit before starting the first battery in the failure determination mode.

In the power control device
The reference battery terminal to which the positive electrode of the reference battery is connected and the reference voltage is supplied,
The reference charging terminal to which the charger can be connected and
One end is connected to the reference battery terminal, and the other end is provided with a switch circuit connected to the reference charging terminal, the first battery power supply terminal, and the drive control unit power supply terminal.

In the power control device
The first battery is
A first that charges the voltage between the first positive battery terminal and the first negative battery terminal or discharges the charging voltage between the first positive battery terminal and the first negative battery terminal. Cell and
A first management unit that starts with the reference voltage supplied to the first battery power supply terminal, monitors the state of the first cell, and outputs information about the state of the first cell. Prepare,
The second battery is
A second that charges the voltage between the second positive battery terminal and the second negative battery terminal or discharges the charging voltage between the second positive battery terminal and the second negative battery terminal. Cell and
It is started by the first starting voltage supplied from the drive control unit or the second starting voltage supplied from the charger, monitors the state of the second cell, and information on the state of the second cell. It is characterized by having a second management unit that outputs.

In the power control device
The drive control unit
After being notified by the first management unit that the first battery is normally connected and being notified by the second management unit that the second battery is normally connected, the said It is characterized by executing a failure determination mode.

In the power control device
In the drive mode after the failure determination mode, the drive control unit supplies the voltages of the first battery and the second battery to the motor to drive the motor, the first battery. The first contactor and the second contactor are controlled so that the first battery and the second battery are connected in series, and the voltage of the first battery and the second battery in series is used. It is characterized by driving the motor.

In the power control device
When the first battery and the second battery are charged by the charger in the charging mode after the failure determination mode, the drive control unit includes the first battery and the second battery. The first contactor and the second contactor are controlled so that the first contactor and the second contactor are connected in parallel, and the first battery and the second battery are charged in parallel by the charger. ..

In the power control device
The drive control unit
When discharging the first battery and the second battery, the first battery and the second battery can be obtained by turning on the first contactor and turning off the second contactor. Connect in series,
On the other hand, when charging the first battery and the second battery, the first battery and the second battery can be obtained by turning off the first contactor and turning on the second contactor. It is characterized by connecting in parallel.

In the power control device
The configuration of the second battery is the same as the configuration of the first battery.

In the power control device
The electric power control device is loaded on an electric two-wheeled vehicle, the motor is connected to the wheels of the electric two-wheeled vehicle, and the drive control unit controls the rotation of the wheels by controlling the driving of the motor. do.

In the power control device
The reference battery is a lead battery and is
The first and second batteries are characterized by being lithium batteries.

The control method of the power control device according to the embodiment according to one aspect of the present invention is as follows.
The first positive battery terminal to which the positive side of the first battery can be connected, the first negative battery terminal to which the negative side of the first battery can be connected, and the positive side of the second battery The second positive battery terminal that can be connected, the second negative battery terminal to which the negative electrode of the second battery can be connected, and the output on the high potential side of the charger are connected to charge the battery. A first charging terminal to which a voltage on the high potential side of the battery is applied and a second charging terminal to which an output on the low potential side of the charger is connected and a voltage on the low potential side of the charger is applied. , The first drive voltage terminal connected to the first positive battery terminal, the second drive voltage terminal connected to the second charging terminal, and the first node connected to the first charging terminal. The second node is connected to the first positive battery terminal, the first rectifying element for preventing backflow of current, the first node is connected to the first charging terminal, and the second node is the first. A second rectifying element connected to the positive battery terminal 2 to prevent backflow of current, a first contactor connected between the first negative battery terminal and the second positive battery terminal, and the like. By controlling the second contactor connected between the first negative battery terminal and the second charging terminal, the first contactor, and the second contactor, the first positive battery An electrical circuit connection between the first battery connected to the terminal and the first negative battery terminal and the second battery connected to the second positive battery terminal and the second negative battery terminal. It controls and controls the charging and discharging of the first battery and the second battery, and has a capacitor connected between the first drive voltage terminal and the second drive voltage terminal. It is a control method of a power control device provided with a drive control unit.
In the failure determination mode for determining the failure of the first contactor and the second contactor,
The first drive voltage when the first contactor and the second contactor are controlled by the drive control unit so that the first battery and the second battery are connected in parallel or in series. It is characterized in that a failure of at least one of the first contactor and the second contactor is determined based on the capacitor voltage between the terminal and the second drive voltage terminal.

In the power control device according to one aspect of the present invention, the first positive battery terminal to which the positive electrode of the first battery can be connected and the first negative battery terminal to which the negative electrode of the first battery can be connected. The battery terminal, the second positive battery terminal to which the positive side of the second battery can be connected, the second negative battery terminal to which the negative side of the second battery can be connected, and the height of the charger. The output on the potential side is connected and the output on the low potential side of the charger is connected to the first charging terminal to which the voltage on the high potential side of the charger is applied, and the voltage on the low potential side of the charger is applied. The second charging terminal, the first drive voltage terminal connected to the first positive battery terminal, the second drive voltage terminal connected to the second charging terminal, and the first node are the first. The first rectifying element connected to the charging terminal, the second node connected to the first positive battery terminal to prevent backflow of current, the first node connected to the first charging terminal, and the second node A second rectifying element connected to the second positive battery terminal to prevent backflow of current, a first contactor connected between the first negative battery terminal and the second positive battery terminal, and a first By controlling the second contactor connected between the negative battery terminal 1 and the second charging terminal, the first contactor, and the second contactor, the first positive battery terminal and the first negative battery terminal are used. While controlling the electrical circuit connection between the first battery connected to the battery terminal and the second battery connected to the second positive battery terminal and the second negative battery terminal, the first battery and It controls the charging and discharging of the second battery, and includes a drive control unit having a capacitor connected between the first drive voltage terminal and the second drive voltage terminal.

Then, in the failure determination mode for determining the failure of the first contactor and the second contactor, the drive control unit is the first contactor so that the first battery and the second battery are connected in parallel or in series. And, based on the capacitor voltage between the first drive voltage terminal and the second drive voltage terminal when the second contactor is controlled, it is determined that at least one of the first contactor and the second contactor has failed. do.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to appropriately perform failure diagnosis of a contactor for connecting a plurality of batteries in parallel or in series.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the power control device 100 according to the embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining an example of an operation of determining a failure of the second contactor CB of the power control device 100 shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an example of an operation of determining a failure of the first contactor CA of the power control device 100 shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the operation of the first and second contactors CA and CB, and the first and second batteries B1 and B2 in the failure determination mode of the power control device 100 shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

First Embodiment

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the power control device 100 according to the embodiment. Note that FIG. 1 describes the case where the minimum unit is two mobile batteries (first and second batteries B1 and B2), but when three or more mobile batteries are connected. Will be explained in the same way.

The power control device 100 according to the present embodiment has, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, a reference battery terminal TK, a reference charging terminal TCS, a first positive battery terminal T1P, a first negative battery terminal T1N, and the like. The second positive battery terminal T2P, the second negative battery terminal T2N, the first battery power supply terminal T1B, the second battery power supply terminal T2B, the first drive voltage terminal TDP, and the second. Drive voltage terminal TDN, communication line CAN, power supply terminal TG for drive control unit, first start-up voltage terminal TPS2, second start-up voltage terminal TCOUT, first charge terminal TCP, and second charge. Terminal TCN, switch circuit SW, main switch control unit X, drive control unit PDU, down regulator DR, first rectifying element DA, second rectifying element DB, first contactor CA, A second contactor CB is provided.

The electric power control device 100 is loaded on, for example, an electric motorcycle (vehicle). The motor M is connected to the wheels of the electric motorcycle.

The power control device 100 is started by the voltage of the reference battery (lead battery) K. Then, the power control device 100 generates a motor drive voltage from the voltages of the first and second batteries (Li batteries) B1 and B2, and drives the motor M by the motor drive voltage. Then, the electric power control device 100 controls the rotation of the wheel by controlling the drive of the motor M.

Here, the positive electrode of the reference battery K is connected to the reference battery terminal TK, and the reference voltage is supplied. The reference battery K is, for example, a lead battery.

Further, in the example of FIG. 1, the output of the high potential side of the charger CH is connected to the first charging terminal TCP, and the voltage on the high potential side of the charger CH is applied.

Further, in the example of FIG. 1, the output on the low potential side of the charger CH is connected to the second charging terminal TCN, and the voltage on the low potential side of the charger CH is applied.

Further, the reference charging terminal TCS is connectable to the charger CH, and is electrically connected to the first battery power supply terminal T1B and the drive control unit power supply terminal TPS1.

The charger CH may be connected at least when charging the first and second batteries B1 and B2, and when the above-mentioned electric motorcycle is running, the power control device loaded on the electric motorcycle is used. It may be removed from 100 (each terminal TCN, TCP, TCOUT, TCS).

Further, the first drive voltage terminal TDP is electrically connected to the first positive battery terminal T1P.

Further, the second drive voltage terminal TDN is electrically connected to the second charging terminal TCN.

Further, the power supply terminal TG for the drive control unit is electrically connected to the reference charging terminal TCS.

Further, the first starting voltage terminal TPS2 is connected to the drive control unit PDU and is electrically connected to the second battery power supply terminal T2B.

Further, the second starting voltage terminal TCOUT can be connected to the charger CH, and is electrically connected to the second battery power supply terminal T2B.

Further, the first battery power supply terminal T1B can be connected to the first battery B1 and is connected to the other end of the switch circuit SW and the reference charging terminal TCS.

Further, the second battery power supply terminal T2B can be connected to the second battery B2, and is connected to the first and second starting voltage terminals TPS2 and TCOUT.

Further, the first and second batteries B1 and B2, which are mobile batteries, are, for example, lithium batteries. That is, the battery voltage (48V) output by the first and second batteries B1 and B2 is set to be higher than the battery voltage (12V) which is the reference voltage output by the reference battery K.

Further, the positive electrode of the first battery B1 described above can be connected to the first positive battery terminal T1P. The negative electrode of the first battery B1 can be connected to the first negative battery terminal T1N.

Here, the first battery B1 includes, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, a first cell (a plurality of lithium ion batteries connected in series) S1 and a first management unit BMU1.

Then, the first cell S1 charges the voltage between the first positive battery terminal T1P and the first negative battery terminal T1N, or the first positive battery terminal T1P and the first negative battery terminal T1N. The charging voltage is discharged between and.

Then, the first management unit BMU1 is started by the reference voltage supplied to the first battery power supply terminal T1B, and is in the state of the first cell S1 (that is, the first battery B1) (first cell S1). Cell voltage, SOC of the first cell S1, temperature of the first cell S1, current of the first cell S1, etc.), and the state of the first cell S1 (that is, the first battery B1). Information related to the above, data including the above-mentioned identification information and the like are intermittently output via the communication line CAN.

In the initial state before the connection of the first battery B1, the identification information of the first battery B1 is set to the initial identification information.

Further, when the first battery B1 is removed from the power control device 100 (for example, each terminal T1P, T1N, and T1B), the identification information is reset to the initial identification information.

Then, the first management unit BMU1 uses the first management contactor T1 for forcibly stopping the charging / discharging of the first cell S1 according to the state (failure or the like) of the first cell S1. Be prepared.

Further, the positive electrode of the second battery B2 described above can be connected to the second positive battery terminal T2P. The negative electrode of the second battery B2 can be connected to the second negative battery terminal T2N.

Here, the second battery B2 includes a second cell (a plurality of lithium ion batteries connected in series) S2 and a second management unit BMU2.

Then, the second cell S2 charges the voltage between the second positive battery terminal T2P and the second negative battery terminal T2N, or the second positive battery terminal T2P and the second negative battery terminal T2N. The charging voltage is discharged between and.

Then, the second management unit BMU2 is supplied to the first starting voltage supplied from the drive control unit PDU or the second starting voltage supplied from the charger CH (that is, to the second battery power supply terminal T2B). The first or second starting voltage), and the state of the second cell S2 (that is, the second battery B2) (cell voltage of the second cell S2, SOC of the second cell S2, second cell). The temperature of the cell S2, the current of the second cell S2, etc.) are monitored, and information regarding the state of the second cell S2 (that is, the second battery B2) is output.

In the initial state before the connection of the second battery B2, the identification information of the second battery B2 is set to the same initial identification information as the identification information of the first battery B1.

Then, the second management unit BMU2 provides a second management contactor T2 for forcibly stopping the charging / discharging of the second cell S2 according to the state (failure or the like) of the second cell S2. Be prepared.

Further, when the second battery B2 is removed from the power control device 100 (for example, each terminal T2P, T2N, and T2B), the identification information is reset to the initial identification information.

The configuration of the second battery B2 is the same as the configuration of the first battery B1 described above.

Further, one end of the switch circuit SW is connected to the reference battery terminal TK, and the other end is electrically connected to the reference charging terminal TCS, the first battery power supply terminal T1B, and the drive control unit power supply terminal TPS1.

The switch circuit SW is configured to supply the reference voltage of the reference battery K to the drive control unit PDU and the first battery B1 by turning on, for example.

On the other hand, when the switch circuit SW is turned off, the supply of the reference voltage of the reference battery K to the drive control unit PDU and the first battery B1 is cut off.

Further, the main switch control unit X is supplied with electric power from the positive electrode of the reference battery K, and controls the switch circuit SW according to a user's operation (action) or the like.

Further, in the communication line CAN, the first battery B1 connected to the first positive battery terminal T1P and the first negative battery terminal T1N communicates with the drive control unit PDU (or charger CH), and the second. This is for communication between the second battery B2 connected to the positive battery terminal T2P and the second negative battery terminal T2N of the above, and the drive control unit PDU (or charger CH).

In this communication line CAN, the first communication line CAN1 for the first and second batteries B1 and B2 to transmit data to the drive control unit PDU, and the command of the drive control unit PDU or the charger CH are first and foremost. A second communication line CAN2 for transmitting to the second batteries B1 and B2 is provided.

Further, the down regulator DR is adapted to step down the voltage between the first drive voltage terminal TDP and the second drive voltage terminal TDN and output the voltage.

This down regulator DR is, for example, a DC-DC converter that steps down the voltage between the first drive voltage terminal TDP and the second drive voltage terminal TDN and outputs the voltage to the load terminal TR to which the load load is connected. .. The reference battery K is charged by the voltage output by the down regulator DR.

The load load includes, for example, any of the above-mentioned lights, turn signals, or indicators of the electric motorcycle, and other electronic components necessary for traveling of the electric motorcycle.

Further, in the first rectifying element DA, the first node (anode) is connected to the first charging terminal TCP, and the second node (cathode) is connected to the first positive battery terminal T1P to prevent backflow of current. It is the first diode to be used.

Further, in the second rectifying element DB, the first node (anode) is connected to the first charging terminal TCP, and the second node (cathode) is connected to the second positive battery terminal T2P to prevent backflow of current. It is the second diode to be used.

Further, the first contactor CA is connected between the first negative battery terminal T1N and the second positive battery terminal T2P. The first contactor CA is controlled to be turned on / off by the drive control unit PDU.

Further, the second contactor CB is connected between the first negative battery terminal T1N and the second charging terminal TCN. The second contactor CB is controlled to be turned on / off by the drive control unit PDU.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the drive control unit PDU generates a motor drive voltage from the voltages of the first battery B1 and the second batteries B1 and B2, and drives the motor by the motor drive voltage. It has become like. Then, the drive control unit PDU controls the rotation of the wheel by controlling the drive of the motor M.

As shown in FIG. 1, the drive control unit PDU includes, for example, a capacitor Z connected between the first drive voltage terminal TDP and the second drive voltage terminal TDN, and the first drive voltage terminal TDP. It is provided with a bridge circuit Y to which a voltage (voltage of the capacitor Z) between the second drive voltage terminal TDN is supplied and a motor drive voltage is output to the motor M to drive the motor M.

For example, the drive control unit PDU generates a motor drive voltage from the voltage between the first drive voltage terminal TDP and the second drive voltage terminal TDN by the bridge circuit Y, and drives the motor by the motor drive voltage. It has become like.

The drive control unit PDU includes data including identification information of the first battery B1 connected to the first positive battery terminal T1P and the first negative battery terminal T1N via the communication line CAN, and the second positive battery terminal T1N. Data including identification information of the second battery B2 connected to the battery terminal T1P and the second negative battery terminal T2N is received.

As a result, the drive control unit PDU recognizes the identification information of the first and second batteries B1 and B2, and electrically connects the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 (first and second batteries). The contactors CA and CB) are controlled, and the charge and discharge of the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 are controlled.

For example, when the drive control unit PDU discharges the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 (when the vehicle is running), the drive control unit PDU turns on the first contactor CA and turns off the second contactor CB. Then, the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 are connected in series.

On the other hand, when the drive control unit PDU charges the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 (when charging by the charger CH), the drive control unit PDU turns off the first contactor CA and turns on the second contactor CB. By doing so, the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 are connected in parallel.

Further, when the switch circuit SW is turned on, the drive control unit PDU is started by supplying the reference voltage of the reference battery K via the switch circuit SW.

Then, after the drive control unit PDU is started, the first battery B1 is started and communicates via the communication line CAN to set the identification information of the first battery B1 and then the second battery B2. It is activated and communicates via the communication line CAN to set the identification information of the second battery B2 so as to be different from the identification information of the first battery B1.

Further, the drive control unit PDU acquires a plurality of information from the management units BMU1 and BMU2 via the communication line CAN. In particular, the drive control unit PDU is based on the battery information regarding the states of the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 output by the management units BMU1 and BMU2, and the state of the first battery B1 is normal or abnormal. It is designed to judge whether it is (or is out of order).

Here, when the drive function of the motor M is stopped, the drive control unit PDU opens all the transistors of the bridge circuit Y, or shorts the high-side or low-side transistors, for example. There is.

The drive control unit PDU can communicate with the charger CH described above via the communication line CAN. Then, when the charger CH is connected to the reference charging terminal TCS, the drive control unit PDU supplies the first starting voltage output by the charger CH via the reference charging terminal TCS and the drive control unit power supply terminal TG. It is designed to start up.

The charger CH also has data including identification information of the first battery B1 connected to the first positive battery terminal T1P and the first negative battery terminal T1N via the communication line CAN, and the second positive battery terminal T1N. Data including identification information of the second battery B2 connected to the battery terminal T1P and the second negative battery terminal T2N is received.

Then, at the time of charging, the charger CH activates the first battery B1 and communicates via the communication line CAN to set the identification information of the first battery B1 and then activates the second battery B2. It is possible to communicate via the communication line CAN and set the identification information of the second battery B2 so as to be different from the identification information of the first battery B1.

After setting the identification information of the first and second batteries B1 and B2 described above, the drive control unit PDU supplies the voltage of the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 to the motor to drive the motor M. When driving, the circuit connection (first and second contactors CA, CB) is controlled so that the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 are connected in series, and the first battery is used. The motor M is driven by a voltage in which B1 and the second battery B2 are connected in series. By driving this motor M, the wheels rotate and the electric motorcycle runs.

Further, the drive control unit PDU sets the identification information of the first and second batteries B2 described above, and after setting the identification information of the first and second batteries B1 and B2, the first battery B1 and the second battery B1 and the second battery B2. When the battery B2 of the above is charged by the charger CH, a circuit connection (first and second contactors CA, CB) is made so that the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 are connected in parallel. Control.

Then, the charger CH charges the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 in parallel with the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 connected in parallel.

Next, an example of the operation of the control method (fault determination mode for determining the failure of the first contactor CA and the second contactor CB) of the power control device 100 having the above configuration will be described.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining an example of an operation of determining a failure of the second contactor CB of the power control device 100 shown in FIG. Further, FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an example of an operation for determining a failure of the first contactor CA of the power control device 100 shown in FIG. Further, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the operation of the first and second contactors CA and CB, and the first and second batteries B1 and B2 in the failure determination mode of the power control device 100 shown in FIG.

As described above, the drive control unit PDU controls the first contactor CA and the second contactor CB to connect to the first positive battery terminal T1P and the first negative battery terminal T1N. Battery B1 and the second battery B2 connected to the second positive battery terminal T2P and the second negative battery terminal T2N are controlled, and the first battery B1 and the second battery B1 and the second battery B1 are controlled. The charging / discharging of the battery B2 is controlled.

Then, in the failure determination mode for determining the failure of the first contactor CA and the second contactor CB, the drive control unit PDU connects the first battery B1 and the second battery in parallel or in series. Based on the capacitor voltage between the first drive voltage terminal TDP and the second drive voltage terminal TDN when controlling the first contactor CA and the second contactor CB, the first contactor CA or the second contactor CA It is designed to determine at least one of the contactor CB failures.

Here, an example of an operation in which the drive control unit PDU determines a failure of the second contactor CB in the failure determination mode will be described.

First, the drive control unit PDU is notified from the first management unit BMU1 that the first battery B1 is normally connected via the communication line CAN, and the second management unit BMU2 to the second battery. After being notified that B2 is normally connected, the failure determination mode is executed. Further, this failure determination mode may be executed after the drive control unit PDU confirms that the first rectifying element D1 and the second rectifying element D2 are operating normally.

For example, as shown in FIG. 2, after the drive control unit PDU controls the first contactor CA to off (cutoff state) and the second contactor CB to off (cutoff state) in the failure determination mode. In a state where no electric charge remains in the capacitor Z, the first battery B1 is started (on) to output the first battery voltage (time N1 in FIG. 4).

At this time N1, the second battery B2 is not started (off). Further, the drive control unit PDU discharges the voltage of the capacitor Z by, for example, the bridge circuit Y before starting the first battery B1 in the failure determination mode.

Then, the drive control unit PDU outputs the first battery voltage from the first battery B1 and then detects the capacitor voltage between the first drive voltage terminal TDP and the second drive voltage terminal TDN.

Then, when the detected first detection voltage (capacitor voltage) is equal to or higher than the preset first threshold voltage (first battery voltage (near 48V)), the drive control unit PDU is a second contactor. It is determined that the CB has a short-circuit failure (it is in a conductive state even though the second contactor CB is controlled to be off).

On the other hand, when the detected first detection voltage is less than the first threshold voltage (near 0V), the drive control unit PDU does not have a short-circuit failure in the second contactor CB (second contactor). CB is controlled to be off and it is judged that it is normally shut off).

Next, when the drive control unit PDU determines that the second contactor CB has not failed due to a short circuit, the drive control unit PDU controls the second contactor CB to turn on (conducting state) (time N2 in FIG. 4).

Then, the drive control unit PDU detects the capacitor voltage between the first drive voltage terminal TDP and the second drive voltage terminal TDN after controlling the second contactor CB on.

Then, when the detected second detection voltage (capacitor voltage) is less than the first threshold voltage (near 0V), the drive control unit PDU has an open failure of the second contactor CB (second contactor CB). Despite the fact that the contactor CB of 2 is controlled to be turned on, it is in a cutoff state).

On the other hand, when the detected second detection voltage is equal to or higher than the first threshold voltage (near the first battery voltage), the drive control unit PDU has not failed to open the second contactor CB (near the first battery voltage). The second contactor CB is controlled to be turned on and is normally in a conduction state).

The failure of the second contactor CB can be determined by the control operation of the drive control unit PDU described above.

Next, an example of the operation in which the drive control unit PDU determines the failure of the first contactor CA in the failure determination mode will be described.

After the time N2 in FIG. 4 described above, when the drive control unit PDU determines in the failure determination mode that the second contactor CB is not open and has not failed, the second contactor CB is turned off (blocked state). Control (time N3 in FIG. 4). Then, the drive control unit PDU controls the second contactor CB to be off, and then, for example, activates (on) the second battery B2 to output the second battery voltage (as shown in FIG. 3). Time N4 in FIG. 4).

Then, the drive control unit PDU outputs the second battery voltage from the second battery B2, and then detects the capacitor voltage between the first drive voltage terminal TDP and the second drive voltage terminal TDN.

Then, the drive control unit PDU has a detected third detection voltage (capacitor voltage) higher than the preset first threshold voltage (higher than the first battery voltage) and higher than the second threshold voltage. (In the vicinity of the voltage (96V) obtained by adding the second battery voltage to the first battery voltage), the first contactor CA has a short-circuit failure (the first contactor CA is controlled to be turned off). Despite this, it is in a conductive state).

On the other hand, when the detected third detection voltage is less than the second threshold voltage, the drive control unit PDU does not have a short-circuit failure in the first contactor CA (turn off the first contactor CA). It is controlled and it is judged that it is normally shut off).

Then, when the drive control unit PDU determines that the first contactor CA has not failed due to a short circuit, the drive control unit PDU controls the first contactor CA to be on (conducting state) (time N5 in FIG. 4).

Then, the drive control unit PDU detects the capacitor voltage between the first drive voltage terminal TDP and the second drive voltage terminal TDN after controlling the first contactor CA to be ON (conducting state).

Then, when the detected fourth detection voltage (capacitor voltage) is less than the second threshold voltage (near 48V), the drive control unit PDU has an open failure of the first contactor CA (first contactor CA). Despite the fact that the contactor CA of 1 is controlled to be turned on, it is in a cutoff state).

On the other hand, when the detected fourth detection voltage is equal to or higher than the second threshold voltage (near 96V), the drive control unit PDU has not failed to open the first contactor CB (first contactor). It is determined that the CA is controlled to be on and the conduction state is normal).

The failure of the first contactor CA can be determined by the control operation of the drive control unit PDU described above.

In the drive mode after the above-mentioned failure determination mode, the drive control unit PDU supplies the voltages of the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 to the motor to drive the motor M. The first contactor CA and the second contactor CB are controlled so that the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 are connected in series, and the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 are connected in series. The motor M is driven by the generated voltage.

Further, when the drive control unit PDU charges the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 by the charger CH in the charging mode after the above-mentioned failure determination mode, the drive control unit PDU has the first battery B1 and the second battery B1. The first contactor CA and the second contactor CB are controlled so that the battery B2 is connected in parallel, and the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 are charged in parallel by the charger CH.

As described above, in the power control device according to one aspect of the present invention, the first positive battery terminal to which the positive electrode of the first battery can be connected and the negative electrode of the first battery can be connected. The first negative battery terminal, the second positive battery terminal to which the positive side of the second battery can be connected, and the second negative battery terminal to which the negative side of the second battery can be connected. , The output on the high potential side of the charger is connected, and the output on the low potential side of the charger is connected to the first charging terminal to which the voltage on the high potential side of the charger is applied. A second charging terminal to which the voltage of the above is applied, a first driving voltage terminal connected to the first positive battery terminal, a second driving voltage terminal connected to the second charging terminal, and a first The node is connected to the first charging terminal, the second node is connected to the first positive battery terminal, the first rectifying element to prevent backflow of current, and the first node is connected to the first charging terminal. , The second node is connected to the second positive battery terminal, the second rectifying element for preventing backflow of current, and the first connected between the first negative battery terminal and the second positive battery terminal. By controlling the contactor, the second contactor connected between the first negative battery terminal and the second charging terminal, the first contactor, and the second contactor, the first positive battery terminal And controls the electrical circuit connection between the first battery connected to the first negative battery terminal and the second battery connected to the second positive battery terminal and the second negative battery terminal. It controls the charging and discharging of the first battery and the second battery, and includes a drive control unit having a capacitor connected between the first drive voltage terminal and the second drive voltage terminal.

Then, in the failure determination mode for determining the failure of the first contactor and the second contactor, the drive control unit is the first contactor so that the first battery and the second battery are connected in parallel or in series. And, based on the capacitor voltage between the first drive voltage terminal and the second drive voltage terminal when the second contactor is controlled, it is determined that at least one of the first contactor and the second contactor has failed. do.

As described above, according to the power control device according to the embodiment, it is possible to perform failure diagnosis of a contactor for connecting a plurality of batteries in parallel or in series.

Although some embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These embodiments can be implemented in various other embodiments, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the gist of the invention. These embodiments and variations thereof are included in the scope of the invention described in the claims and the equivalent scope thereof, as are included in the scope and gist of the invention.

100 Power control device TK Reference battery terminal TCS Reference charging terminal T1P First positive battery terminal T1N First negative battery terminal T2P Second positive battery terminal T2N Second negative battery terminal T1B First battery power supply terminal T2B 2 Battery power supply terminal TDP 1st drive voltage terminal TDN 2nd drive voltage terminal CAN communication line TPS2 1st start-up voltage terminal TCOUT 2nd start-up voltage terminal TCP 1st charge terminal TCN 2nd charge terminal TG Power supply terminal for drive control unit SW switch circuit X Main switch control unit PDU Drive control unit DR Down regulator DA 1st rectifying element DB 2nd rectifying element CA 1st contactor CB 2nd contactor

Claims (14)

A first positive battery terminal to which the positive electrode of the first battery can be connected, and a first negative battery terminal to which the negative electrode of the first battery can be connected.
A second positive battery terminal to which the positive electrode of the second battery can be connected, and a second negative battery terminal to which the negative electrode of the second battery can be connected.
The first charging terminal to which the output on the high potential side of the charger is connected and the voltage on the high potential side of the charger is applied,
A second charging terminal to which the output on the low potential side of the charger is connected and the voltage on the low potential side of the charger is applied,
The first drive voltage terminal connected to the first positive battery terminal,
A second drive voltage terminal connected to the second charging terminal,
A first rectifying element, the first node of which is connected to the first charging terminal and the second node of which is connected to the first positive battery terminal to prevent backflow of current.
A second rectifying element, the first node of which is connected to the first charging terminal and the second node of which is connected to the second positive battery terminal to prevent backflow of current.
A first contactor connected between the first negative battery terminal and the second positive battery terminal,
A second contactor connected between the first negative battery terminal and the second charging terminal,
By controlling the first contactor and the second contactor, the first battery connected to the first positive battery terminal and the first negative battery terminal, the second positive battery terminal, and the second positive battery terminal. It controls the electrical circuit connection with the second battery connected to the second negative battery terminal, and also controls the charging / discharging of the first battery and the second battery. A drive control unit having a capacitor connected between the drive voltage terminal of 1 and the second drive voltage terminal.
The reference battery terminal to which the positive electrode of the reference battery is connected and the reference voltage is supplied,
The reference charging terminal to which the charger can be connected and
One end is connected to the reference battery terminal, and the other end is provided with a switch circuit connected to the reference charging terminal, the first battery power supply terminal, and the drive control unit power supply terminal.
The drive control unit
In the failure determination mode for determining the failure of the first contactor and the second contactor,
The first drive voltage terminal and the second when the first contactor and the second contactor are controlled so that the first battery and the second battery are connected in parallel or in series. A power control device for determining a failure of at least one of the first contactor and the second contactor based on a capacitor voltage between the drive voltage terminal and the second contactor. In the failure determination mode,
The drive control unit
After controlling the first contactor to off and controlling the second contactor to off, the first battery is started and the first battery voltage is output in a state where no electric charge remains in the capacitor. Let me
After outputting the first battery voltage from the first battery, the capacitor voltage between the first drive voltage terminal and the second drive voltage terminal is detected, and the detected first detection voltage is detected. Is equal to or higher than the preset first threshold voltage, it is determined that the second contactor has a short-circuit failure, while the detected first detected voltage is less than the first threshold voltage. In some cases, it is determined that the second contactor has not failed due to a short circuit, and it is determined that the second contactor has not failed.
When it is determined that the second contactor has not failed in a short circuit, after controlling the second contactor to ON, the capacitor voltage between the first drive voltage terminal and the second drive voltage terminal is set. When the detected and detected second detection voltage is less than the first threshold voltage, it is determined that the second contactor has an open failure, while the detected second detection voltage is The power control device according to claim 1, wherein when the voltage is equal to or higher than the first threshold voltage, it is determined that the second contactor has not failed in an open manner. In the failure determination mode,
The drive control unit
When it is determined that the second contactor has not failed open, the second contactor is controlled to be off, and then the second battery is started to output the second battery voltage.
After outputting the second battery voltage from the second battery, the capacitor voltage between the first drive voltage terminal and the second drive voltage terminal is detected, and the detected third detection voltage is detected. Is equal to or higher than the second threshold voltage higher than the preset first threshold voltage, it is determined that the first contactor has a short-circuit failure, while the detected third detection voltage. If is less than the second threshold voltage, it is determined that the first contactor has not failed due to a short circuit.
When it is determined that the first contactor has not failed in a short circuit, after controlling the first contactor to ON, the capacitor voltage between the first drive voltage terminal and the second drive voltage terminal is set. When the detected and detected fourth detection voltage is less than the second threshold voltage, it is determined that the first contactor has an open failure, while the detected fourth detection voltage is The power control device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when the voltage is equal to or higher than the second threshold voltage, it is determined that the first contactor has not failed in an open manner. The drive control unit
Any of claims 1 to 3 , wherein a motor drive voltage is generated from a voltage between the first drive voltage terminal and the second drive voltage terminal, and the motor is driven by the motor drive voltage. The power control device according to item 1. The drive control unit
A bridge circuit for supplying a voltage between the first drive voltage terminal and the second drive voltage terminal and outputting the motor drive voltage to the motor to drive the motor is further provided.
The drive control unit
The power control device according to claim 4, wherein the voltage of the capacitor is discharged by the bridge circuit before starting the first battery in the failure determination mode. The first battery is
A first that charges the voltage between the first positive battery terminal and the first negative battery terminal or discharges the charging voltage between the first positive battery terminal and the first negative battery terminal. Cell and
A first management unit that starts with the reference voltage supplied to the first battery power supply terminal, monitors the state of the first cell, and outputs information about the state of the first cell. Prepare,
The second battery is
A second that charges the voltage between the second positive battery terminal and the second negative battery terminal or discharges the charging voltage between the second positive battery terminal and the second negative battery terminal. Cell and
It is started by the first starting voltage supplied from the drive control unit or the second starting voltage supplied from the charger, monitors the state of the second cell, and information on the state of the second cell. The power control device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a second management unit for outputting the power. The drive control unit
After being notified by the first management unit that the first battery is normally connected and being notified by the second management unit that the second battery is normally connected, the said The power control device according to claim 6 , wherein the failure determination mode is executed. In the drive control section drive mode after the failure determination mode, the first battery and the voltage of the second battery is supplied to the motor, when driving the motor, the first The first contactor and the second contactor are controlled so that the battery and the second battery are connected in series by a voltage in which the first battery and the second battery are connected in series. The power control device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the motor is driven. When the first battery and the second battery are charged by the charger in the charging mode after the failure determination mode, the drive control unit includes the first battery and the second battery. The first contactor and the second contactor are controlled so that the first contactor and the second contactor are connected in parallel, and the first battery and the second battery are charged in parallel by the charger. The power control device according to any one of claims 1 to 8. The drive control unit
When discharging the first battery and the second battery, the first battery and the second battery can be obtained by turning on the first contactor and turning off the second contactor. Connect in series,
On the other hand, when charging the first battery and the second battery, the first battery and the second battery can be obtained by turning off the first contactor and turning on the second contactor. The power control device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the power control devices are connected in parallel. The power control device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the configuration of the second battery is the same as the configuration of the first battery. The electric power control device is loaded on an electric two-wheeled vehicle, the motor is connected to the wheels of the electric two-wheeled vehicle, and the drive control unit controls the rotation of the wheels by controlling the driving of the motor. The power control device according to claim 4, 5 or 8. The reference battery is a lead battery and is
The power control device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the first and second batteries are lithium batteries. The first positive battery terminal to which the positive side of the first battery can be connected, the first negative battery terminal to which the negative side of the first battery can be connected, and the positive side of the second battery The second positive battery terminal that can be connected, the second negative battery terminal to which the negative electrode of the second battery can be connected, and the output on the high potential side of the charger are connected to charge the battery. A first charging terminal to which a voltage on the high potential side of the battery is applied and a second charging terminal to which an output on the low potential side of the charger is connected and a voltage on the low potential side of the charger is applied. , The first drive voltage terminal connected to the first positive battery terminal, the second drive voltage terminal connected to the second charging terminal, and the first node connected to the first charging terminal. The second node is connected to the first positive battery terminal, the first rectifying element for preventing backflow of current, the first node is connected to the first charging terminal, and the second node is the first. A second rectifying element connected to the positive battery terminal 2 to prevent backflow of current, a first contactor connected between the first negative battery terminal and the second positive battery terminal, and the like. By controlling the second contactor connected between the first negative battery terminal and the second charging terminal, the first contactor, and the second contactor, the first positive battery An electrical circuit connection between the first battery connected to the terminal and the first negative battery terminal and the second battery connected to the second positive battery terminal and the second negative battery terminal. It controls and controls the charging and discharging of the first battery and the second battery, and has a capacitor connected between the first drive voltage terminal and the second drive voltage terminal. The drive control unit, the reference battery terminal to which the positive electrode of the reference battery is connected and the reference voltage is supplied, the reference charging terminal to which the charger can be connected, one end is connected to the reference battery terminal, and the like. A control method for a power control device , the end of which is a switch circuit connected to the reference charging terminal, a first battery power supply terminal, and a drive control unit power supply terminal.
In the failure determination mode for determining the failure of the first contactor and the second contactor,
The first drive voltage when the first contactor and the second contactor are controlled by the drive control unit so that the first battery and the second battery are connected in parallel or in series. A control method for a power control device, comprising determining a failure of at least one of the first contactor and the second contactor based on a capacitor voltage between the terminal and the second drive voltage terminal. Control method.

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