JP6985313B2 - Free type bidirectional clutch - Google Patents

Description

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, a clutch device for changing a rotation transmission state between an input member and an output member, particularly, forward / reverse rotation rotation from the input member is transmitted to the output member, and transmission of rotation from the output member is performed. It relates to a free-type bidirectional clutch that idles and shuts off an output member.

In a power transmission system that drives a mechanical device, a work device, or the like by a drive source such as a motor, various transmission devices are used so as to correspond to the characteristics of the drive device. Among such transmission devices, what is called a free-type bidirectional clutch rotates the input member in the forward and reverse directions in the power transmission from the input member (drive side member) to the output member (driven side member). Both are transmitted to the output member, and the transmission of rotation from the output member to the input member in the opposite direction has a function of idling the output member and blocking the rotation.

As an example, the free-type bidirectional clutch can be applied to an opening / closing drive device in which a winding-type electric curtain or the like can be manually operated. In this case, the free type bidirectional clutch is interposed between the drive motor and the winding mechanism of the curtain, the drive motor is connected to the input member, and the winding mechanism is connected to the output member. The curtain can be raised and lowered by rotating the drive motor in the forward and reverse directions, and the winding mechanism can be manually operated at the stop position of the drive motor. There is no adverse effect. These functions can be achieved by installing an electromagnetic clutch between the drive motor and the hoisting mechanism, and disconnecting and connecting the clutch. However, power is required to operate the electromagnetic clutch, and complicated control for power control is required. Equipment etc. are also required.

As a free-type bidirectional clutch, the free-type bidirectional clutch described in Patent Document 1 is known, and the free-type bidirectional clutch will be described with reference to FIG.

The free-type bidirectional clutch 100 includes a non-rotatable housing 102, an input shaft 104 and an output shaft 106 that are rotatable around a common central axis O within the housing 102. Inside the housing 102, a pair of planetary gear bodies 114a having a cam body 108 fixed to the input shaft 104, a sun gear 110 fixed to the output shaft 106, and planetary gears 112a and 112b meshing with the sun gear 110, and The 114b and the carrier 116 that rotatably supports the planetary gear bodies 114a and 114b and is rotatable around the common central axis O are arranged. The pair of planetary gear bodies 114a and 114b have actuators 122a and 122b fitted to the rotating shafts 120a and 120b of the planetary gears 112a and 112b via the one-way clutches 118a and 118b, and the pair of planetary gear bodies 114a and 114b. The one-way clutches 118a and 118b of the 114b are set to allow idling in different rotational directions, respectively. Further, each of the pair of planetary gear bodies 114a and 114b is arranged on one side and the other side of the cam body 108, and linear portions are formed on the actuators 122a and 122b and the cam body 108, respectively.

Then, according to the bidirectional clutch 100 described in Patent Document 1, when the input shaft 104 rotates, the planetary gear bodies 114a or 114b which are in a short distance in the rotation direction among the pair of planetary gear bodies 114a and 114b The outer peripheral surface of the actuator 122a or 122b comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the cam body 108 of the input shaft 104 in a state where the straight portion overlaps. In this state, the cam body 108 of the input shaft 104 rotates the carrier 116 in the same direction via the planetary gears 112a or 112b of the planetary gear bodies 114a or 114b that are in contact with each other, and the actuators 122a or 122b are in contact with each other. The other planetary gear body 114a or 114b is similarly moved in its rotational direction. Here, the planetary gears 112a and 112b of the planetary gear bodies 114a and 114b are meshed with the sun gear 110 of the output shaft 106, but their rotation (rotation) is constrained by the one-way clutches 118a and 118b, so that the sun gear The 110 will rotate with the movement (revolution) of the planetary gears 112a and 112b, and the output shaft 106 will be integrated with the input shaft 104 and rotate in the same direction. Further, since the pair of planetary gear bodies 114a and 114b are arranged symmetrically, the rotation transmission from the input shaft 104 to the output shaft 106 is performed regardless of the rotation direction of the input shaft 104.

On the other hand, when the output shaft 106 rotates, the planetary gears 112a and 112b that mesh with the sun gear 110 try to rotate around the support shaft of the carrier 116. However, at the position where the input shaft 104 is stopped, the linear portion of the actuator 122a or 122b of one of the planetary gear bodies 114a or 114b overlaps with the linear portion of the cam body 108, and the actuator 122a or 122b rotates. Can not do it.

In this state, if the rotation direction of the output shaft 106 is the same as the direction in which the output shaft 106 was rotated before the input shaft 104 stopped, the planetary gear 112a or 112b is subjected to the actuator 122a or the actuator 122a or 118b by the one-way clutch 118a or 118b. It is integrated with 122b and slightly moves in the rotational direction of the output shaft 106 (sun gear 110) with the carrier 116. As a result, the actuator 122a or 122b moves together with the planetary gears 112a or 112b and separates from the cam body 108 to reach the state of the cross section AA in FIG. 12, so that the output shaft 106 idles.

On the other hand, if the rotation direction of the output shaft 106 is opposite to the rotation direction before the input shaft 104 stops, the planetary gears 112a or 112b are disconnected from the actuator 122a or 122b by the one-way clutch 118a or 118b. Therefore, even if the linear portion of the actuator 122a or 122b and the linear portion of the cam body 108 overlap, the planetary gear 112a or 112b can rotate and the output shaft does not transmit rotation to the input shaft 104. 106 spins.

Japanese Patent No. 6027702

The free type bidirectional clutch has various uses, but depending on the use, a compact free type bidirectional clutch may be strongly desired. However, in the free type bidirectional clutch described in Patent Document 1, the planetary gears 112a and 112b of the pair of planetary gear bodies 114a and 114b, the one-way clutches 118a and 118b, and the actuators 122a and 122b are axially oriented. Since it is arranged along the above, there is a limit to the compactness in the axial direction.

An object of the present invention made in view of the above facts is to provide a free-type bidirectional clutch that can be made compact.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following free-type bidirectional clutch. That is, "a non-rotatable housing and an input member and an output member that can rotate around a common central axis in the housing are provided, and forward / reverse rotation from the input member is transmitted to the output member. In addition, the transmission of rotation from the output member to the input member is a free-type bidirectional clutch in which the output member slips and is cut off.
The input member has an internal gear, and the output member has a sun gear.
Inside the housing, a planetary gear having a pre-Symbol sun gear and the internal gear capable of meshing planetary gear, and rotatably supporting the planetary gear body and rotatable about said common central axis The planetary gear extends in an arc shape on the outer peripheral surface of the planetary gear body, and there is also a region where the planetary gear does not exist on the outer peripheral surface of the planetary gear body. death,
An engaging means is formed on one of the planetary gear body and the carrier, and an engaged means that is releasably engaged with the engaging means is formed on the other side of the planetary gear body and the carrier. Ori,
When the input member rotates, the planetary gear rotates and meshes with the sun gear, and then the engaging means engages with the engaged means, whereby the internal gear, the planetary gear, and the above. The sun gear rotates integrally and the rotation of the input member is transmitted to the output member.
When the output member rotates, the planetary gear is separated from the sun gear and the meshing between the planetary gear and the sun gear is released, so that the sun gear slips and the output member from the output member. It is a free type bidirectional clutch that cuts off the transmission of rotation to the input member.

Preferably, the engaged means is composed of a fan-shaped recess, and the engaging means is composed of an engaging piece fitted into the fan-shaped recess. In this case, the carrier has a circular plate, and a support shaft for rotatably supporting the planetary gear body is provided on the surface of the plate on the input member side. It is preferable that the engaging piece is fixed to the outer peripheral surface. Preferably, a resistance torque applying means for applying a resistance torque to the carrier is arranged inside the housing.

The free type bidirectional clutch provided by present invention, when the input member is rotated, by the rotation, the internal gear rotates the planetary gear body meshing with the Yu star gear. Then, after the planetary gear rotates and meshes with the sun gear, the engaging means engages with the engaged means. As a result, the input member, the carrier, and the planetary gear body rotate integrally, and the sun gear that meshes with the planetary gear also rotates integrally, and the rotation of the input member is transmitted to the output member. On the other hand, when the output member rotates, the planetary gear is separated from the sun gear and the sun gear is located at a portion where the planet gear does not exist, and the meshing between the planet gear and the sun gear is released. Therefore, the sun gear slips and the transmission of rotation from the output member to the input member is cut off.

In the free-type bidirectional clutch of the present invention, the planetary gear formed on the planetary gear body extends in an arc shape instead of an annular shape, and when the input member rotates, the carrier supporting the planetary gear body and the input The rotation transmission is performed integrally with the member, and when the output member rotates, the sun gear is separated from the planetary gear and the rotation transmission is cut off. Therefore, the free-type bidirectional clutch of the present invention does not require a one-way clutch and an actuator as in the free-type bidirectional clutch described in Patent Document 1, so that the axial dimension can be made compact. ..

The figure which shows the preferable embodiment of the free type bidirectional clutch configured according to this invention. An exploded perspective view of the free type bidirectional clutch shown in FIG. 1. The figure which shows the housing of the free type bidirectional clutch shown in FIG. 1 by itself. The figure which shows the input shaft of the free type bidirectional clutch shown in FIG. 1 by itself. The figure which shows the output shaft of the free type bidirectional clutch shown in FIG. 1 by itself. The figure which shows the planetary gear body of the free type bidirectional clutch shown in FIG. 1 by itself. The figure which shows the carrier of the free type bidirectional clutch shown in FIG. 1 by itself. The figure which shows the resistance torque applying means of the free type bidirectional clutch shown in FIG. 1 by itself. The figure which shows the shield of the free type bidirectional clutch shown in FIG. 1 by itself. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the operation of the free type bidirectional clutch shown in FIG. 1 when the input member is rotated. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the operation of the free type bidirectional clutch shown in FIG. 1 when the output member is rotated. Sectional drawing of the conventional free type bidirectional clutch.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the free-type bidirectional clutch configured according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Explaining with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the free-type bidirectional clutch, which is indicated by reference numeral 2, has a non-rotatable housing 4, an input member 6 that can rotate around a common central axis O in the housing 4, and an input member 6. The output member 8 is provided.

Mainly to be described with reference to FIG. 3, the housing 4 is a cup-shaped member having a circular end face wall 10 and a cylindrical peripheral wall 12 extending axially from the peripheral edge of the end face wall 10. A circular passage opening 14 is formed in the central portion of the end face wall 10. The housing 4 configured in this way is non-rotatably fixed to the device on which the free-type bidirectional clutch 2 is installed.

Mainly to be described with reference to FIG. 4, the input member 6 has a hollow input shaft portion 16 extending in the axial direction and a ring-shaped input end plate coaxially fixed to the hollow input shaft portion 16 at the tip of the input shaft portion 16. It is equipped with 18. Although the input shaft portion 16 has a cylindrical shape as a whole, a notch is formed at a predetermined portion on the outer peripheral surface, and the input shaft portion 16 is connected to a drive source such as a motor (not shown) through the notch. .. A cylindrical input outer peripheral wall 20 extending in the axial direction opposite to the input shaft portion 16 is fixed to the outer peripheral edge of the input end plate 18, and an internal gear 22 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the input outer peripheral wall 20. Is formed.

Mainly to be described with reference to FIG. 5, the output member 8 includes a solid output shaft portion 24 extending in the axial direction and a sun gear 26 coaxially fixed to the output shaft portion 24 at the tip of the output shaft portion 24. ing. Although the output shaft portion 24 has a cylindrical shape as a whole, a notch is formed at a predetermined portion on the outer peripheral surface, and the output shaft portion 24 is connected to the driven device through the notch. On the end face of the sun gear 26 on the side opposite to the side to which the output shaft portion 24 is fixed, a cylindrical protrusion 28 is formed so as to project coaxially with the output shaft portion 24 and the sun gear 26 in the axial direction. There is. The protrusion 28 is inserted into a hole penetrating in the axial direction at the center of the input member 6.

As shown in FIG. 1, the planetary gear body 30 is provided with a planetary gear that meshes with the internal gear 22 and selectively meshes with the sun gear 26 in addition to the internal gear 22 and the sun gear 26 inside the housing 4. And a carrier 32 that rotatably supports the planetary gear body 30 and is rotatable around a common central axis O. In the illustrated embodiment, three planetary gears 30 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. As will be further described later, each planetary gear 36 may mesh with the sun gear 26 (see FIG. 10) or may be disengaged from the sun gear 26 (see FIGS. 1 and 11). It is designed to selectively mesh with the sun gear 26.

Described mainly with reference to FIG. 6, the planetary gear body 30 includes a cylindrical main portion 34, and the planetary gear 36 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the main portion 34. In the free-type bidirectional clutch 2 configured according to the present invention, the planetary gear 36 extends in an arc shape on the outer peripheral surface of the main portion 34 (that is, the outer peripheral surface of the planetary gear body 30), and extends in an arc shape, and the outer peripheral surface of the main portion 34 (that is, that is). It is important that the planetary gear non-existing region 38 in which the planetary gear 36 does not exist also exists on the outer peripheral surface of the planetary gear body 30). In the embodiment of FIG shown is, the planetary gear 36 is present over an angular range of approximately 220 degrees. The planetary gear body 30 is also formed with an engaged means that can be disengaged from the engaging means described later. In the illustrated embodiment, the engaged means is a fan-shaped recess 40 formed on one side of the planetary gear body 30 in the axial direction. Explaining with reference to the right figure of FIG. 6, the fan-shaped recess 40 exists over an angle range of approximately 140 degrees. The center of the circle forming the arcuate side surface 42 of the fan-shaped recess 40 and the center of the support hole 44 having a circular cross section penetrating the center of the planetary gear body 30 in the axial direction are common, and the fan-shaped recess 40 is a support hole. 44 is included. The peripheral end faces 46a and 46b of the fan-shaped recess 40 are inscribed with each other in the support hole 44 in the figure. On the axial end surface of the planetary gear body 30 on the side where the fan-shaped recess 40 is not formed, an annular protruding wall 48 that surrounds the support hole 44 and slightly protrudes in the axial direction is formed.

Mainly to be described with reference to FIG. 7, the carrier 32 has a circular plate 50, and one surface of the plate 50 (the surface on the input member 6 side) is a support that rotatably supports the planetary gear body 30. The shaft 52 is provided so as to project in the axial direction. In the illustrated embodiment, three support shafts 52 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The carrier 32 is further formed with engaging means for engaging with the engaged means of the planetary gear body 30. In the illustrated embodiment, the engaging means is an engaging piece 54 projecting radially outward at the base end of each support shaft 52. As can be understood by referring to the left view of FIG. 7, the engaging piece 54 has an arcuate side surface 56 protruding outward in the radial direction, both ends in the circumferential direction of the arcuate side surface 56, and an outer peripheral surface of the support shaft 52. It is provided with a pair of circumferential end faces 58a and 58b for connecting to. Each of the pair of circumferential end faces 58a and 58b is linear and parallel to each other. The engaging piece 54 is fitted into the fan-shaped recess 40 formed in the planetary gear body 36, and the arcuate side surface 56 is slidable with respect to the arcuate side surface 42 of the fan-shaped recess 40 formed in the planetary gear body 30. Is. A circular passage opening 60 is formed in the central portion of the plate 50, and the output shaft portion 24 passes through the passage opening 60.

Resistance torque is applied to the carrier 32 by the resistance torque applying means. In the illustrated embodiment, the resistance torque applying means is a wave washer 62 as shown in FIG. The wave washer 62 applies a resistance torque to the carrier 32 by friction with a shield plate described later.

A circular shield member 64 as shown in FIG. 9 is press-fitted into the open end of the housing 4, and the shield member 64 is integrated with the housing 4. A circular passage opening 66 through which the output shaft portion 24 passes is formed in the central portion of the shield member 64. An annular groove 68 into which the wave washer 62 described above is fitted is formed on one surface of the shield member 64 (the surface on the input member 6 side).

Next, the operation of the free-type bidirectional clutch 2 as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11 together with FIG.

First, rotation transmission from the input member 6 to the output member 8 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 10. When the input member 6 rotates clockwise around the central axis O when viewed from the right side of the vertical sectional view shown on the left side of FIG. 1, the internal gear 22 rotates the planetary gear 36 clockwise due to the rotation. When the planetary gear 36 rotates clockwise to a predetermined degree, the planetary gear 36 meshes with the sun gear 26, and then the circumferential end surface 58a of each engaging piece 54 of the carrier 32 as an engaging means and the engaged means. The circumferential end surface 46a of each fan-shaped recess 40 of the planetary gear body 30 is in contact with each other, that is, each engaging piece 54 and each fan-shaped recess 40 are engaged with each other. As a result, the rotation of the planetary gear 36 is locked, and the input member 6 and the carrier 32 rotate integrally. Therefore, since the input member 6, the carrier 32, and the planetary gear body 30 rotate integrally, the sun gear 26 that meshes with the planetary gear 36 also rotates integrally, from the right side of the vertical sectional view shown in the left figure of FIG. Looking clockwise, the output member 8 rotates around the central axis O.

In the free type bidirectional clutch 2, as can be understood by referring to FIG. 1, the engaging piece 54 as the engaging means is fitted into the fan-shaped recess 40 as the engaged means, and the engaging piece 54 is fitted. Since the circumferential end faces 46a and 46b of the fan-shaped recess 40 are arranged on both sides in the circumferential direction, even when the input member 6 rotates in the counterclockwise direction, the input member 6 operates in the same manner. The rotation is transmitted to the sun gear 26 via the carrier 32 and the planetary gear body 30.

Next, with reference to FIG. 11, the interruption of rotation transmission to the input member 6 when the output member 8 rotates will be described. When the rotation of the input member 6 is stopped and the output member 8 rotates clockwise when viewed from the right side of the vertical sectional view shown in the left figure of FIG. 10 from the state shown in FIG. 10, it meshes with the sun gear 26. Each of the planetary gears 30 rotates counterclockwise, and as shown in the AA cross-sectional view of the right figure of FIG. 11, the planetary gears 36 are separated from the sun gear 26 and the planetary gears 36 and the sun gear 26 are separated from each other. The meshing of is released. As a result, the sun gear 26 idles, and the transmission of rotation from the output member 8 to the input member 6 is cut off. At this time, since the resistance torque is applied to the carrier 32 by the wave washer 62, the carrier 32 does not rotate due to the rotation of the sun gear 26.

On the other hand, when the rotation of the input member 6 is stopped and the output member 8 rotates counterclockwise when viewed from the right side of the central vertical sectional view shown in the left figure of FIG. 10 from the state shown in FIG. 10, the carrier The rotation from the output member 8 is transmitted to the input member 6 via the 32 and the planetary gear body 30. In this way, when the output member 8 is rotated in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the input member 6, the input member 6 is slightly rotated in the direction opposite to the direction in which the input member 6 was rotated, and A in FIG. -A As shown in the cross-sectional view taken along the line A or the vertical cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 11, the output member is separated from each planetary gear 36 and disengaged from each planetary gear 36 and the sun gear 26. The transmission of rotation from 8 to the input member 6 can be blocked. Also at this time, since the resistance torque is applied to the carrier 32 by the wave washer 62, the carrier 32 does not rotate due to the rotation of the sun gear 26.

As described above, in the free-type bidirectional clutch 2 of the illustrated embodiment, the planetary gear 36 formed in the planetary gear body 30 extends in an arc shape instead of an annular shape, and the input member 6 rotates. At this time, the carrier 32 supporting the planetary gear body 30 and the input member 6 are integrated to perform rotation transmission, and when the output member 8 rotates, the planetary gear 30 is separated from the sun gear 26 to transmit rotation. Is blocked. Therefore, the free-type bidirectional clutch 2 of the illustrated embodiment does not require a one-way clutch and an actuator, so that the axial dimension can be made compact.

In the illustrated embodiment, an example in which the engaging piece 54 as the engaging means is formed in the carrier 32 and the fan-shaped recess 40 as the engaged means is formed in the planetary gear body 30 has been described. In the free-type bidirectional clutch of the present invention, the engaging means may be formed on the planetary gear body 30 and the engaged means may be formed on the carrier 32. Further, each of the engaging piece 54 and the fan-shaped recess 40 may not be provided in plurality, and may be one in each.

Further, although the resistance torque applying means in the illustrated embodiment is a wave washer 62, another form may be used as long as the resistance torque is applied to the carrier 32. For example, the leaf spring is attached to the carrier 32. It may be arranged on the outer periphery. Further, it is also possible to fix magnets that generate attractive forces to the carrier 32 and the housing 4 (or the shield plate 64), respectively, and apply resistance torque to the carrier 32 by magnetic force.

2: Free type bidirectional clutch 4: Housing 6: Input member 8: Output member 22: Internal gear 26: Sun gear 30: Planetary gear body 32: Carrier 36: Planetary gear 40: Fan-shaped recess (engaged means)
54: Engagement piece (engagement means)
62: Wave washer (means for applying resistance torque)

Claims (4)

A non-rotatable housing and an input member and an output member that can rotate around a common central axis in the housing are provided, and forward / reverse rotation from the input member is transmitted to the output member and at the same time. The transmission of rotation from the output member to the input member is a free-type bidirectional clutch in which the output member slips and is interrupted.
The input member has an internal gear, and the output member has a sun gear.
Inside the housing, a planetary gear having a pre-Symbol sun gear and the internal gear capable of meshing planetary gear, and rotatably supporting the planetary gear body and rotatable about said common central axis The planetary gear extends in an arc shape on the outer peripheral surface of the planetary gear body, and there is also a region where the planetary gear does not exist on the outer peripheral surface of the planetary gear body. death,
An engaging means is formed on one of the planetary gear body and the carrier, and an engaged means that is releasably engaged with the engaging means is formed on the other side of the planetary gear body and the carrier. Ori,
When the input member rotates, the planetary gear rotates and meshes with the sun gear, and then the engaging means engages with the engaged means, whereby the internal gear, the planetary gear, and the above. The sun gear rotates integrally and the rotation of the input member is transmitted to the output member.
When the output member rotates, the planetary gear is separated from the sun gear and the meshing between the planetary gear and the sun gear is released, so that the sun gear slips and the output member is said to be the same. Free type bidirectional clutch that cuts off the transmission of rotation to the input member. The free-type bidirectional clutch according to claim 1, wherein the engaged means is composed of a fan-shaped recess, and the engaging means is composed of an engaging piece fitted into the fan-shaped recess. The carrier has a circular plate, and a support shaft that rotatably supports the planetary gear body is provided on the surface of the plate on the input member side, and the carrier is engaged with the outer peripheral surface of the support shaft. The free type bidirectional clutch according to claim 2, wherein the pieces are fixed. The free type bidirectional clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a resistance torque applying means for applying resistance torque to the carrier is arranged inside the housing.

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