JP6987343B2 - Display device for vehicles - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a vehicle display device.

The vehicle display device of Patent Document 1 is an example of a device that projects an image into a vehicle interior. The vehicle display device described in Patent Document 1 is provided with a scanning projector in the vehicle interior, and operates the projector so as to change the area for displaying an image according to the line-of-sight direction of the driver.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-29855

The vehicle display device described in Patent Document 1 is arranged on a rail as described in paragraph [0046] of Patent Document 1 in order to display an image in any region in a plurality of regions in a vehicle interior. A display drive means for shifting the position of the projector is indispensable, or as described in the same paragraph [0075], a drive system for moving the lens by an actuator for driving the lens is indispensable. Therefore, since the projector main body or the lens must be mechanically displaced, there is a problem that the time response is slow and the projected image cannot be instantly switched to a desired position. In addition, since the drive system must electrically control the drive motors, it is disadvantageous in terms of energy saving, compactness and weight saving, space saving, and ensuring electromagnetic resistance.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has improved time responsiveness, realized energy saving, compactness, weight reduction, and space saving of the device, ensured safety and electromagnetic resistance, and ensured the interior of the vehicle. It is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle display device capable of displaying an image.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes the configurations described in the claims. As an example, the vehicle display device according to the present invention is a vehicle display device provided in the vehicle interior of a vehicle and projecting light emitted from a light source device onto a non-transmissive member of the vehicle interior to display an image. The vehicle display device reflects and deflects the light source device and the emitted light emitted from the light source device and projects the emitted light toward the vehicle interior, and the emitted light is irradiated on the non-transmissive member in the vehicle interior. The image forming apparatus includes an image forming apparatus for forming an image in the projected region, a light source apparatus, and a main control apparatus for controlling the operation of the image forming apparatus, and the image forming apparatus includes a reflecting surface for reflecting the emitted light. An optical scanning unit that includes a reflecting surface driving unit that reciprocates and rotates the reflecting surface, and scans the emitted light by reflecting and deflecting the emitted light in a first direction and a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, and the reflecting surface. The magnifying optical system includes a magnifying optical system that expands the deflection angle of the light reflected and deflected by the magnifying optical system, wherein the deflection angle of the light emitted from the magnifying optical system is reflected and deflected by the reflecting surface. It is a wide-angle projection system including an optical element that expands so as to be three times or more the deflection angle, and among the optical elements constituting the magnified optical system, the optical element arranged on the reflection surface side is the reflection surface. The magnifying optical system is arranged so as to face each other, and the first deflection angle, which is the deflection angle of the light reflected and deflected in the first direction, is the deflection angle of the light reflected and reflected in the second direction. The image forming apparatus is formed by including an optical element that expands so as to be larger than the two deflection angles, and the image forming apparatus has an angle formed with the front-rear axis of the vehicle rather than an angle formed by the first direction with the left-right axis of the vehicle. Is fixed to the ceiling in the vehicle interior in a smaller direction .

According to the present invention, a vehicle capable of improving time responsiveness, realizing energy saving, compactness, weight saving, and space saving of a device, ensuring safety and electromagnetic resistance, and displaying an image in a vehicle interior. Display device can be provided. The object, structure, and effect of the present invention other than the above will be clarified in the following description.

It is a schematic view (plan view) which looked at the passenger compartment of the vehicle which concerns on this embodiment from the ceiling side. It is a figure explaining the specific example of the projected area which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure which looked at the vehicle which provided the image forming apparatus 1 of the vehicle display device 51 from the rear. It is a figure seen from the right side of a vehicle. It is an enlarged view of the image forming apparatus attachment place of the display device for a vehicle which concerns on this embodiment. It is a block diagram of the whole display device for a vehicle which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the projection area data. It is a hardware block diagram of the whole display device for a vehicle which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure (engraved view of the optical scanning part 11) explaining the structure of the optical scanning part in the display device for a vehicle which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure (the first torsion spring) explaining the drive waveform of the mirror of the optical scanning part in the display device for a vehicle which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure (second torsion spring) explaining the drive waveform of the mirror of the optical scanning part in the display device for a vehicle which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure explaining the detail of the light reflected and deflected by the light scanning part in the display device for a vehicle which concerns on this embodiment. It is explanatory drawing (VZ plane view) of the whole optical system of the image forming apparatus including an optical scanning part and a magnifying optical system. It is explanatory drawing (HZ plane view) of the whole optical system of an image forming apparatus including an optical scanning part and a magnifying optical system. It is a figure which shows the specifications of a magnifying optical system. It is a figure which shows the specification of the magnifying optical system (showing the specification of the magnifying optical system determined from the polynomial (1)). It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the initial setting process. It is a flowchart which shows the processing of the selection mode of the projection area. It is a flowchart which shows the process of a driver's line-of-sight switching mode. It is a figure which shows an example of the structure of a light source device.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view (plan view) of the passenger compartment of the vehicle 110 as viewed from the ceiling side. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of the projected area.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the vehicle display device 51 projects emitted light toward a non-transmissive member in the vehicle interior, for example, various pillars and dashboards by one image forming device 1, and the non-transmissive member. It is a device that uses a portion exposed to emitted light as a projected area and displays an image in this projected area. Since there are a plurality of non-transmissive members in the vehicle interior, it is possible to generate a plurality of projected areas.

A steering wheel 100, a driver's seat 101, a passenger seat 102, and a rear-view mirror 103 (see FIG. 2) are provided in the passenger compartment of the vehicle 110. The right side mirror 104R is provided on the right side of the vehicle, and the left side mirror 104L is provided on the left side. The projected area is the right front pillar 2 on the side of the right side mirror 104R , the left front pillar 3 on the side of the left side mirror 104L, the dashboard 4, the right side pillar 5, the left side pillar 6, the right rear pillar 7, and the left rear pillar 8. , And the rear seat 9, etc., are provided on a non-transmissive member that does not transmit light in the vehicle interior. The projected region may be formed by directly irradiating these non-transmissive members with light, or may be formed by attaching a sheet-shaped screen to the non-transmissive members. In addition, a semi-transparent area may be provided on a part of the windshield, the door glass, and the rear glass to serve as a screen, or a screen separately provided in the vehicle interior may be provided as a projection area. In FIG. 2, the right front projected area 7 2 is formed on the right front pillar 2 , the left front projected area 7 3 is formed on the left front pillar 3 , and the central front projected area 74 is formed on the dashboard 4.

The vehicle display device 51 includes a first camera 53, which is an image pickup device for information inside and outside the vehicle. In the present embodiment, the first camera 53 includes a front camera 53F that captures a front image of the vehicle 110 and a rear camera 53R that captures a rear image of the vehicle 110. The front camera 53F may be provided at a position where a front image can be captured through the windshield, for example, a connecting portion between the ceiling of the vehicle 110 and the windshield, and may be provided at the center of the left-right width of the windshield. The rear camera 53R is provided at a position where a rear image of the vehicle 110 can be captured, for example, in the vehicle interior or on the back surface of the vehicle 110.

Further, the vehicle display device 51 includes a second camera 54, which is a device for capturing a projected image. The second camera 54 may be a wide-angle camera capable of taking an image in the omnidirectional direction of the vehicle interior, or may be a combination of a plurality of cameras to take an image in the omnidirectional direction of the vehicle interior. The second camera 54 may be provided near the center of the ceiling of the vehicle interior and near the portion where the image forming apparatus 1 is attached.

Further, the vehicle display device 51 includes a third camera 55, which is a device for acquiring a driver's face image. The third camera 55 is a position where the movement of the eyes of the driver in the driver's seat 101 can be captured, for example, a connecting portion between the ceiling of the vehicle 110 and the windshield, and even if it is provided on the right side of the center of the windshield. good.

FIG. 3A is a view of the vehicle provided with the image forming device 1 of the vehicle display device 51 from the rear, and FIG. 3B is a view of the vehicle from the right side of the vehicle. Further, FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the attachment portion of the image forming apparatus 1 in FIG. 3B. In FIG. 4, the image forming apparatus 1 is fixedly provided on the ceiling surface in the vehicle interior, but a recess for installing the image forming apparatus 1 may be provided on the ceiling and installed therein.

As shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 4, the image forming apparatus 1 is installed near the center of the ceiling in the vehicle interior, and includes an optical scanning unit 11 and a magnifying optical system 21 (both not shown in FIG. 3) described later. The light reflected and deflected by the optical scanning unit 11 is widened by the magnifying optical system 21 and expanded to a hemispherical region, and the image forming apparatus 1 itself or the magnifying optical system 21 is scanned and modulated in the vehicle interior. The image is displayed in a single or multiple projected regions without dislocating the optical elements constituting the. As used herein, the term "reflection deflection" means changing the traveling direction of a light ray by interposing a reflecting surface in the traveling direction of the light ray.

FIG. 5A is a block diagram of the overall configuration of the vehicle display device 51. FIG. 5B is a diagram showing a configuration example of the projected area data.

The vehicle display device 51 includes an image pickup device 52, a line-of-sight detection device 56, a main control device 57, an information device 62, a light source device 63, a projected area changeover switch 64, an image forming device 1, and a communication I / F 68. To.

The image pickup device 52 includes a first camera 53 (vehicle interior / outside image image pickup device), a second camera 54 (projection image image pickup device), and a third camera 55 (face image image pickup device).

The first camera 53 is a device that captures an external image that captures the inside and outside of the vehicle. For example, the surrounding situation of the vehicle 110 including the area that is the blind spot of the driver is acquired, and the acquired image is output to the main control device 57. The main control device 57 projects and displays the acquired image itself or video information that supports safe driving of the vehicle based on the acquired image.

The main control device 57 extracts the left end area image and the right end area image from the front image captured by the front camera 53F, and projects the left end area image onto the left front projected area 7 3 and the right end area image onto the right front projected area 7 2. May be good. As a result, images of the areas that are the blind spots of the left front pillar 3 and the right front pillar 2 from the driver's point of view are displayed in each of the left front projected area 7 3 and the right front projected area 7 2 , and obstacles and obstacles in the blind spot are displayed. The presence of pedestrians can be presented to the driver.

Similarly, the main control device 57 may project the rear image captured by the rear camera 53R onto the rear seat 9 to provide driving support when the vehicle 110 is traveling backward. In this case, the main control device 57 is connected to the vehicle network (CAN: Control Area Network) 80, and the data output by the various sensors 84 is acquired via the ECU (Engine Control Unit) 82 mounted on the vehicle 110. It may be configured in. This data may include travel direction information of the vehicle 110 (for example, the operating position of the gear lever). Then, the main control device 57 may be configured to determine the traveling direction based on the acquired data and project the rear image onto the rear seat 9 only when traveling backward.

The second camera 54 is a device that captures a projected image projected on the projected area. When the projected image is distorted, a distortion-corrected signal is generated by the distortion correction unit 61 of the main control device 57 in the subsequent stage, and the distortion is generated by driving the light source device 63 and the image forming device 1 using the signal. No image is formed.

The third camera 55 is a device that captures a driver's face image, detects which direction the driver is looking at by the line-of-sight detection device 56 based on the captured face image, and is arranged in the driver's line-of-sight direction. The projected image is displayed in the projected area. The projected image is amusement video information such as a television or DVD from the information device 62, an image outside the vehicle acquired by the first camera 53, an image supporting safe driving based on the image information outside the vehicle, a traffic condition display image, and the like.

The main control device 57 is a scanning drive control unit that controls a modulation signal control unit 58 that controls the modulation signal of the projected image, a light amount control unit 59 that controls the amount of light emitted from the light source device 63, and an optical scanning unit 11 described later. Unit 60, distortion correction unit 61 that corrects distortion of the projected image, projected area detection unit 65 that detects the position of the projected area in the vehicle interior, and calibration that stores the calibration image used when detecting the projected area. The image storage unit 66, the identification information that uniquely identifies the detected projected area, and the projected object that associates the angle of the mirror 12 for reflecting and deflecting the emitted light from the light source device 63 toward the projected area. It includes a projected area data storage unit 67 that stores area data (see FIG. 5B).

The main control device 57 forms an image in the projected region in the vehicle interior by driving the light source device 63 and the image forming device 1 based on the signals from the image pickup device 52 and the information device 62.

The information device 62 is an information device having information such as an amusement video such as a television or a DVD or a map.

The projected area changeover switch 64 receives from the driver and passengers an operation of designating what kind of image is displayed in which projected area in the vehicle interior. The projected area changeover switch 64 is configured by using a direction key or a touch panel.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the light source device 63.

The light source device 63 includes a laser light source 933R that generates R (red) light, a laser light source 933G that generates G (green) light, and a laser light source 933B that generates B (blue) light, and each laser has. The light bundles 934R, 934B, and 934B emitted from the light source are shaped into substantially parallel light bundles 936R, 936G, and 936B by the lenses 935R, 935G, and 935B. Finally, the distance between the laser light sources 933R, 933G, 933B and the lenses 935R, 935G, 935B is finely adjusted so that the difference in the focused state of each laser beam on the projected region is small. 937 is a mirror, 938 is a color synthesis element having a property of transmitting red light and reflecting green light, and 939 is a color synthesis element having a property of transmitting red light and green light and reflecting blue light, 937 and 938. , 939 together the light bundles 936R, 936G, and 936B become the light bundles 940 synthesized on the same axis, and are emitted from the light source device 63. The color synthesis elements 938 and 939 are composed of, for example, a combination of a prism and a dichroic mirror. The size of the ray bundle 940 is set to φ1 to φ1.

The laser light source 933R is composed of, for example, a semiconductor laser that generates light having a wavelength of 630 nm. The laser light source 933G is composed of a semiconductor-excited solid-state laser that generates light having a wavelength of 532 nm by using, for example, second harmonic generation. The laser light source 933B is composed of, for example, a semiconductor laser that generates light having a wavelength of 445 nm. By appropriately setting each laser light source, the projected image can be a vivid image having a beautiful white color and a wide color reproducibility.

Each laser light source may be modulated by changing the injection current to the laser chip and the injection current to the excitation laser chip, or may be modulated by using an external light modulator separately from the laser light source. Examples of the external optical modulator include an acousto-optic modulator and an electro-optical modulator. Although FIG. 16 shows a case where each color has one laser light source, the number of laser light sources is not limited to this, and the light source device 63 may be configured by using one or more light sources for each. No. A brighter projected image can be formed by increasing the number of light sources to be combined.

The light beam bundle 940 emitted from the light source device 63 heads toward the condenser lens 106. A mirror may be arranged between the light source device 63 and the condenser lens 106 to fold the optical path to make the optical system compact. Further, an optical element may be added to shape the beam shape.

The image forming apparatus 1 is an apparatus for forming an image to be displayed in the vehicle interior by using the laser beam emitted from the light source device 63, and is an optical scanning unit 11 for scanning the laser beam and a lens unit for magnifying and projecting the laser beam. It is configured to include a magnifying optical system 21 comprising. The optical scanning unit 11 includes a mirror 12 and a mirror driving unit 12a, the details of which will be described later.

FIG. 6 is a hardware configuration diagram of the entire vehicle display device according to the present embodiment. In the present embodiment, the line-of-sight detection device 56 and the main control device 57 of the vehicle display device 51 use the same hardware, and the software that realizes each function of the line-of-sight detection device 56 and the main control device 57 is executed by the hardware. It is composed of. The line-of-sight detection device 56 and the main control device 57 include a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 301, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 302, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 303, an HDD (Hard Disk Drive) 304, an input I / F 305, and an output. It includes I / F 306, which are configured to be connected to each other via a bus 307.

A first camera 53, a second camera 54, a third camera 55, an information device 62, and a projected area changeover switch 64 are connected to the input I / F 305, and data and signals from each member are connected to the line-of-sight detection device 56 and the line-of-sight detection device 56. It is input to the main control device 57.

A light source device 63 and an image forming device 1 are connected to the output I / F 306. The main control device 57 outputs a control signal to each of the light source device 63 and the image forming device 1, and controls the operation of the light source device 63 and the image forming device 1.

The hardware configuration of the vehicle display device 51 is not limited to the above, and may be configured by a combination of a control circuit and a storage device.

Next, the image forming apparatus 1 of the vehicle display device 51 according to the present embodiment will be described in detail. Here, the optical scanning unit 11 of the vehicle display device 51 will be described with reference to FIG. 7.

FIG. 7 is a diagram (enlarged view of the optical scanning unit 11) for explaining the structure of the optical scanning unit 11. The optical scanning unit 11 includes a mirror 12 that irradiates light (laser light) emitted from the light source device 63, a first torsion spring 13 connected to the mirror 12, and a first holding member 14 connected to the first torsion spring 13. It is composed of a second torsion spring 15 connected to the first holding member 14, a second holding member 16 connected to the second torsion spring 15, and a permanent magnet and a coil. Permanent magnets and coils are not shown in FIG. 7 to avoid complications. The size of the mirror 12 is 1 to 1.5 mm.

The coil of the optical scanning unit 11 is formed substantially parallel to the mirror 12, and when the mirror 12 is in a stationary state, a magnetic field substantially parallel to the mirror 12 is generated. When a current is passed through the coil, a Lorentz force that is substantially perpendicular to the mirror 12 is generated according to Fleming's left-hand rule. The mirror 12 rotates to a position where the Lorentz force and the restoring force of the first torsion spring 13 and the second torsion spring 15 are balanced. By supplying an alternating current to the coil at the resonance frequency of the mirror 12, the mirror 12 performs a resonance operation and rotates around the first torsion spring 13 as a rotation axis (β rotation). Further, by supplying an alternating current to the coil at the resonance frequency of the mirror 12 and the first holding member 14, the mirror 12, the first torsion spring 13 and the first holding member 14 perform a resonance operation, and the second torsion spring. It rotates around 15 as a rotation axis (β rotation). In this way, resonance operation with different resonance frequencies is realized in the two directions. In addition, instead of the resonance operation by the resonance frequency, a drive other than the resonance operation may be applied.

As a specific example of the optical scanning unit 11 as described above, a MEMS (Micro Electro Electro Mechanical Systems) mirror is already known. The drive waveform of the mirror 12 will be described with reference to FIGS. 8A and 8B. FIG. 8A is a diagram showing a drive waveform of the first torsion spring 13 of the optical scanning unit 11. FIG. 8B is a diagram showing a drive waveform of the second torsion spring 15 of the optical scanning unit 11.

The optical scanning unit 11 according to the present embodiment drives the mirror 12 in a sinusoidal shape in the direction with the first torsion spring 13 in FIG. 7 as the rotation axis (effective deflection angle: ± 12.9 degrees, period: 37.0 μsec). (See FIG. 8A), the mirror 12 is driven in a sawtooth wave shape (effective deflection angle: ± 7.1 degrees, period: 16.7 msec) in the direction with the second torsion spring 15 in FIG. 7 as the rotation axis (effective deflection angle: ± 7.1 degrees, period: 16.7 msec). See FIG. 8B). The effective deflection angle is the maximum angle among the deflection angles of the mirror 12 that forms an image. 16.7 [msec], which is one cycle of the drive waveform shown in FIG. 8B, is the time required for drawing one screen on the vehicle display device 51 according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram for explaining the details of the light deflected and scanned by the mirror 12 of the optical scanning unit 11.

The light ray incident on the mirror 12 is actually a light beam bundle 940 emitted from the light source device 63, but here, in order to avoid complication, only the light ray 19 of the main light ray of the light beam bundle 940 is shown.

The mirror 12 has a reference state when the deflection angle is zero, and the incident light 19i on the mirror 12, the first torsion spring 13 in FIG. 7 is the first rotation axis, and the second torsion spring 15 in FIG. 7 is the second rotation axis. At this time, the light is incident on the mirror 12 at an incident angle of 18.4 degrees from the plane perpendicular to the second rotation axis. The "deflection" in this case simply means that the direction of the mirror surface (or the normal of the mirror surface) changes regardless of the presence or absence of light rays and the direction of the light path.

The light reflected by the mirror 12 is then incident on the magnifying optical system 21. The optical axis 18 of the magnifying optical system 21 coincides with the direction in which the reflected light 19r heads when the mirror 12 is in the reference state.

In the figure, 843 is a locus of light rays reflected and deflected by the β rotation of the mirror 12, and 844 is a locus of light rays reflected and deflected by the α rotation of the mirror 12.

FIG. 10A is a diagram for explaining the entire optical system of the image forming apparatus 1 including the optical scanning unit 11 and the magnifying optical system 21, and is an explanatory view (VZ plane view) including the first rotation axis of the optical scanning unit 11. Is. FIG. 10B is a diagram for explaining the entire optical system of the image forming apparatus 1 including the optical scanning unit 11 and the magnifying optical system 21, and is an explanatory view (HZ plane view) including the first rotation axis of the optical scanning unit 11. Is.

As shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, the coordinate system is an HVZ coordinate system in which the optical axis of the magnifying optical system 21 is the Z axis, and the position of the mirror 12 is the origin.

The light (laser light) emitted from the light source device 63 described above is shaped into parallel light having a diameter of about 1 mm by a collimator lens, and then irradiates the mirror 12 of the optical scanning unit 11 via the condenser lens 106. The condenser lens 106 is a plano-convex lens having a convex light source side with a focal length of 81 mm and is arranged at a position 40 mm in front of the mirror 12. The light reflected and deflected by the mirror 12 is incident on the magnifying optical system 21.

The magnifying optical system 21 is composed of five lenses in five groups of L1 to L5 in order from the mirror 12 side. The lenses L1 to L4 have negative, positive, positive, and negative refractive powers in the H and V directions, respectively, and the lens L5 has H. The lens L1 has a positive refractive index in the direction and a negative refractive index in the V direction, the lens L1 has a concave shape on the mirror 12 side, and the lens L5 has a convex shape on the emission side (image side). In the present embodiment, the case where the magnifying optical system 21 is composed of only a lens is shown, but the magnifying optical system 21 may have a configuration in which a part of the lens system is replaced with a system using a mirror or a prism. As an example, the magnifying optical system 21 is composed of the set lens shown in FIG.

The lenses L1 to L4 of the magnifying optical system 21 according to the present embodiment have a VZ plane as a symmetrical plane and a symmetrical shape in the ± H direction, and an asymmetric aspherical surface in the ± V direction. The incident surface of the lens L5 is an HV-symmetrical aspherical surface, and the exit surface is a spherical surface. The sag amount of each surface is represented by Z (H, V), and is an HV polynomial (formula number 1) with Cj (m, n) as a coefficient. The coefficients Cj (m, n) of the polynomial (1) are shown in FIG.

The light emitted from the magnifying optical system 21 is imaged on a virtual image plane (spherical surface) arranged 500 mm from the lens L5 emitting surface and scanned. The deflection angles (half-width) 107 (V direction) and 108 (H direction) of the light deflected by the mirror 12 are all magnified by the magnifying optical system 21 by 3 times or more, and the angle of view (half angle) 17 (V direction). It is converted to 32 (H direction). When the image plane is image-scanned, an image is formed on the image plane by optical modulation.

The virtual image plane of the magnifying optical system 21 shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B is spherical, while the shape of the projected area in the vehicle interior differs depending on the vehicle type or even in the same vehicle type, depending on the location. A projection image is formed using the correction signal calculated from the shape of the projection region. Further, distortion and chromatic aberration that cannot be completely corrected by the magnifying optical system 21 are also electrically corrected by the distortion correction unit 61 of the main control device 57.

Since the magnifying optical system 21 is a wide-angle projection lens, the emitted light is scanned so as to cover the front, rear, left and right sides of the vehicle interior. The vehicle display device 51 according to the present embodiment displays an image only when scanning the projected area out of the entire scanning area. A process in which the vehicle display device 51 displays an image only in the projected area will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 to 15. FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing the flow of the initial setting process.

When the vehicle display device 51 is installed in the vehicle 110, it is necessary to learn the position (orientation) of the projected region with respect to the vehicle display device 51. Therefore, the projected area is calibrated by the process shown in FIG.

First, the main power of the vehicle display device 51 is turned on. The calibration image storage unit 66 of the main control device 57 stores a calibration image including a pattern image or the like used for detecting the projected area in advance. The projected area detection unit 65 reads out the calibration image and drives the light source device 63 and the image forming device 1 to project the calibration image (S101). At this time, the light amount control unit 59 of the main control device 57 maintains the state in which the light source switch of the light source device 63 is turned on, and the scanning drive control unit 60 rotates the mirror 12 of the light scanning unit 11.

In parallel with S101, the second camera 54 captures a projected image (S102). The projected area detection unit 65 extracts an image feature amount (for example, contrast or pattern) of the projected image and compares it with an image feature amount of a known calibration image. Then, it is monitored whether the projected image includes the calibration image.

When the projected area detection unit 65 detects a calibration image in the projected image (S103 / Yes), it acquires a control signal from the scanning drive control unit 60 to the optical scanning unit 11 at that time, and identifies the projected area. Temporarily stacks in association with information (S104). This control signal is a signal indicating the rotation angle of the mirror 12 or can be calculated.

When it is detected that the projected image captured at time t includes the calibration image for the first time, the identification information of the projected region is given new identification information. Then, this new identification information and the rotation angle of the mirror 12 at that time (acquired from the control signal acquired in S104) are stacked. The projected image captured at time t + 1 also includes a calibration image, and if the rotation angle of the mirror 12 at that time is adjacent (continuous) to the rotation angle of the mirror 12 at time t, the same subject is covered. The identification information of the projection area is used. Then, when the projected image at time t + n no longer includes the calibration image, the rotation angle of the mirror 12 from time t to time t + n-1 is projected toward the projected region specified by the new identification information. Since it is the angle of the mirror 12 of the above, the projected area data shown in FIG. 5B is generated and stored in the projected area data storage unit 67.

When the projected area detection unit 65 does not detect the calibration image in the projected image (S103 / No), or after step S104, the scanning drive control unit 60 rotates the mirror 12 in the entire circumferential direction of the vehicle interior. If not (S105 / No), the process returns to S101, and the scanning drive control unit 60 rotates the mirror 12 at different angles to repeat the process.

When the mirror 12 rotates all around (S105 / Yes), the data stacked in S104 is stored in the projected area data storage unit 67 of the main control device 57 as the projected area data (S106). Then, the initial setting process is terminated.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing the processing in the normal use and the processing in the selection mode of the projected area.

The user turns on the main power of the vehicle display device 51. When the user selects a specific projected area by the projected area changeover switch 64 (S201 / Yes), the scanning drive control unit 60 optically scans the rotation angle of the mirror 12 associated with the projected area selected in S201. While driving the unit 11, the light amount control unit 59 turns on the light source switch of the light source device 63 to irradiate the laser beam. On the other hand, while the scanning drive control unit 60 drives the optical scanning unit 11 at the rotation angle of the mirror 12 associated with the projected region not selected in S201, the light amount control unit 59 turns off the light source switch of the light source device 63. And do not irradiate the laser beam (S202).

When the user does not select a specific light source area by the light source area changeover switch 64 (S201 / No), the scan drive control unit 60 optically scans the rotation angle of the mirror 12 described in the light source area data. While driving the unit 11, the light amount control unit 59 turns on the light source switch of the light source device 63 to irradiate the laser light, and the scanning drive control unit 60 sets the rotation angle of the mirror 12 not described in the projected region data. While driving the optical scanning unit 11, the light amount control unit 59 turns off the light source switch of the light source device 63 (S203).

As a result, the vehicle display device 51 can project an image only toward the projected area. The process of FIG. 14 continues until the main power of the vehicle display device 51 is turned off.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing the processing in the normal use and the processing in the driver's line-of-sight switching mode.

The user turns on the main power of the vehicle display device 51. The third camera 55 captures an image of the driver's face and outputs it to the line-of-sight detection device 56. The line-of-sight detection device 56 detects which of the three directions the driver's line-of-sight direction corresponds to, the center, the left end, and the right end (S301), and outputs the result to the main control device 57.

The main control device 57 displays an image only in the central front projection area 74 (see FIG. 2) if the driver's line-of-sight direction is in the center. If the driver's line of sight is to the left , the image is displayed in the left front projected area 7 3 (see FIG. 2), and if the driver's line of sight is to the right, the image is displayed in the right front projected area 7 2 (see FIG. 2) (S302). When the line-of-sight direction changes, the projected area is switched accordingly.

According to the vehicle display device 51 of the present embodiment, an image can be formed in a plurality of projected regions in a vehicle interior without driving the image forming device 1 or the optical elements constituting the magnifying optical system 21. .. This makes it possible to improve the time responsiveness until the image is projected. Further, since the drive system is not required, energy saving and reduction in size and weight of the device can be achieved, and a vehicle display device 51 suitable for a car can be realized.

Generally, the interior of the vehicle is longer in the front-rear direction than in the left-right direction of the vehicle. Therefore, as in the vehicle display device 51 according to the present embodiment, the optical scanning unit 11 is installed on the ceiling in a direction in which the first direction having a large deflection angle is closer to the front-rear axis than the left-right axis of the vehicle 110. The magnifying optical system 21 can be easily widened and has excellent optical performance.

Further, according to the vehicle display device 51 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to realize a vehicle display device having excellent optical performance by correcting aberrations of the magnifying optical system 21.

Further, according to the vehicle display device 51 according to the present embodiment, the refractive optical element arranged on the image side of the magnifying optical system 21 has a positive refractive power in the first direction and a negative refractive power in the second direction. This is advantageous for the design of an asymmetric wide-angle lens. Further, by making the emission surface of the refracting optical element on the image side convex toward the light emission side, for example, when external light such as sunlight or its reflected light irradiates the emission surface, the reflected light is focused. Since the light is diverged without divergence, the light energy density is relatively small even if the reflected light is incident on the eyes of the occupant of the car as compared with the case of the concave shape, and the safety is improved.

Further, according to the vehicle display device 51 of the present embodiment, the incident angle when the light deflected and scanned by the reflecting surface of the optical scanning unit 11 is incident on the optical element does not become excessive and approaches concentric, so that aberration correction can be performed. It can be a preferred configuration.

Further, according to the vehicle display device 51 of the present embodiment, the optical scanning unit 11 can deflect and scan the incident light of the mirror in the first and second directions in a compact configuration by using the mirror 12. Contributes to miniaturization and weight reduction.

Further, according to the vehicle display device 51 of the present embodiment, the time responsiveness is improved, the device is energy-saving, compact and lightweight, and space-saving, and safety and electromagnetic resistance are ensured, and the interior of the vehicle is secured. Images can be displayed in multiple places.

The above-described embodiment is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications that do not deviate from the purpose of the present invention belong to the technical scope of the present invention.

For example, the type of projected image can be switched by the operation of the driver or passenger, but for safety reasons, amusement video information such as a television or DVD may be set not to be projected while driving. For that purpose, the main control device 57 is connected to the CAN 80, and information indicating that the vehicle 110 is traveling from various sensors 84 via the ECU 82 mounted on the vehicle 110 (for example, torque data, gasoline injection amount data, wheels). When it is determined that the vehicle 110 is traveling by acquiring the rotation speed data), the amusement video information may be controlled to be hidden.

Further, the first camera 53 does not have to be a single camera, and is provided with a plurality of cameras for acquiring the situation outside the vehicle including the area where the driver is blind spot, and a camera for acquiring the situation inside the vehicle separately. Is also good. When installing a camera that captures the situation inside the vehicle, even if the projected area on which the image is projected is automatically switched from among the multiple projected areas provided in the vehicle interior according to the situation inside the vehicle. good. For example, if a passenger is on board between the image forming apparatus 1 and the projected area, or if luggage is placed, it will be an obstacle to the projected image. In this case, it will be in the shadow of the obstacle. The image is not projected on the projected area, and is controlled to be projected on another projected area. Further, the projected area may be linked with the steering. For example, when the steering wheel is rotated to the right, the image may be projected on the right pillar in the vehicle interior, and when the steering wheel is rotated to the left, the image may be projected on the left pillar. Also in this case, the main control device 57 may be connected to the ECU, and the steering angle data may be acquired from the steering angle sensor to switch the projected area.

1 image forming device, 2 right front pillar, 3 left front pillar, 4 dashboard, 5 right side pillar, 6 left side pillar, 7 right rear pillar, 8 left rear pillar, 9 rear seat, 10 emission light from the image forming device, 11 Optical scanning unit, 12 Mirror, 12a Mirror drive unit, 13 1st torsion spring, 14 holding member, 15 2nd torsion spring, 16 holding member, 17 half angle (V direction), 18 optical axis, 19 to mirror 12. Incident light, 20 mirror 12 normal line, 21 magnifying optical system, 22 L1 incident surface, 23 L1 exit surface, 24 L2 incident surface, 25 L2 exit surface, 26 L3 incident surface, 27 L3 exit surface, 28 L4 incident surface. , 29 L4 exit surface, 30 L5 entrance surface, 31 L5 exit surface, 32 half angle (H direction), 52 image pickup device, 53 first camera, 54 second camera, 55 third camera, 56 line of sight detection device, 57 Control device, 58 modulation signal control unit, 59 light amount control unit, 60 scan drive control unit, 61 distortion correction unit , 62 information device, 63 light source device, 64 projected area changeover switch, 65 projected area detector, 66 calibration Image storage unit, 67 Projected area data storage unit, 68 communication I / F, 80 CAN, 82 ECU, 84 various sensors, 100 handles, 101 driver's seat, 102 passenger's seat, 103 back mirror, 104R right side mirror, 104L left Side mirror, 105 virtual image plane, 106 condenser lens, 107 semi-deflection angle (V direction), 108 semi-deflection angle (H direction), 110 vehicle

Claims (9)

A vehicle display device provided in the vehicle interior of a vehicle and projecting light emitted from a light source device onto a non-transmissive member of the vehicle interior to display an image.
The vehicle display device is
Light source device and
An image forming apparatus that reflects and deflects the emitted light emitted from the light source device and projects it toward the vehicle interior to form an image in a projected region irradiated with the emitted light on a non-transmissive member in the vehicle interior. ,
The light source device and the main control device for controlling the operation of the image forming device include.
The image forming apparatus includes a reflecting surface that reflects the emitted light and a reflecting surface driving unit that reciprocates the reflecting surface in a reciprocating rotational motion in a first direction and a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. An optical scanning unit that reflects and deflects and scans,
Includes a magnifying optical system that expands the deflection angle of the light reflected and deflected by the reflective surface.
The magnifying optical system is a wide-angle projection system including an optical element that expands the deflection angle of light emitted from the magnifying optical system so as to be three times or more the deflection angle of light reflected and deflected by the reflecting surface. It is in,
Among the optical elements constituting the magnifying optical system, the optical element arranged on the reflective surface side is arranged so as to face the reflective surface.
In the magnified optical system, the first deflection angle, which is the deflection angle of the light reflected and deflected in the first direction, is larger than the second deflection angle, which is the deflection angle of the light reflected and reflected in the second direction. Formed to include an optical element that expands as
The image forming apparatus is fixed to the ceiling in the vehicle interior in a direction in which the angle formed by the front-rear axis of the vehicle is smaller than the angle formed by the left-right axis of the vehicle in the first direction.
A display device for vehicles characterized by this. The vehicle display device according to claim 1.
The main control device includes a distortion correction unit that generates a signal that corrects the distortion of the projected image.
The image forming apparatus is driven by using the signal .
A display device for vehicles characterized by this. The vehicle display device according to claim 1.
At least one of the plurality of optical elements constituting the magnifying optical system is an optical element having a rotation asymmetric surface.
A display device for vehicles characterized by this. The vehicle display device according to claim 1.
At least one of the plurality of optical elements constituting the magnifying optical system is an optical element having a plane-symmetrical aspherical surface.
A display device for vehicles characterized by this. The vehicle display device according to claim 1.
The plurality of optical elements constituting the magnifying optical system have at least one refraction optical element, and the refraction optical element arranged on the image side is positive in the first direction and positive in the second direction. It has a negative refraction force, and the emission surface of the refraction optical element has a convex shape on the light emission side.
A display device for vehicles characterized by this. The vehicle display device according to claim 1.
The plurality of optical elements constituting the magnifying optical system have at least one refracting optical element, and the refracting optical element arranged at the position closest to the reflecting surface has a negative refractive force, and the above-mentioned The incident surface of the refracting optical element has a concave shape on the reflecting surface side.
A display device for vehicles characterized by this. The vehicle display device according to claim 1.
The reflective surface of the optical scanning unit is configured by a MEMS mirror.
A display device for vehicles characterized by this. The vehicle display device according to claim 1.
The image forming apparatus is installed on the ceiling of the passenger compartment, and the image forming apparatus is installed on the ceiling of the passenger compartment.
The main control device further includes a projected area data storage unit that stores the projected area data that defines the angle at which the emitted light is reflected toward the projected area.
Based on the projected area data, when the reflecting surface is positioned in the direction in which the emitted light is reflected toward the projected area, the light source device is turned on and the light source device is not the projected area in the vehicle interior. When the reflecting surface is located at an angle at which the emitted light is reflected in the direction, a control signal for turning off the light source device is output to the light source device.
A display device for vehicles characterized by this. The vehicle display device according to claim 8.
A plurality of the projected areas are provided in the vehicle interior, and the projected area is provided.
The vehicle display device further includes a line-of-sight detection device that detects the line-of-sight direction of the driver of the vehicle.
In the main control device, based on the line-of-sight direction of the driver detected by the line-of-sight detection device, the emitted light is emitted from the plurality of projected areas toward the projected area closer to the line-of-sight direction of the driver. When the reflecting surface is located at the angle of reflection, the light source device is turned on, and the angle at which the emitted light is reflected toward another projected area different from the projected area closer to the line-of-sight direction of the driver. When the reflective surface is located on the light source device, a control signal for turning off the light source device is output to the light source device.
A display device for vehicles characterized by this.

Images