JP6989538B2 - Open shield machine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an open shield machine used in an open shield method for constructing underground structures such as water and sewage systems and underground passages in an urban area.

As is well known, the open shield method is a highly rational method that makes the best use of the advantages of the open cutting method (open method) and the shield method. In this open shield method, the shield machine is placed at the rear end of the front machine and the rear machine. The front end is fitted so that it can be bent at each mating part to enable curve construction and direction correction.

To explain an example thereof, the open shield machine 1 is basically a shield machine having an open front surface, a rear surface, and an upper surface, which are composed of left and right side wall plates and a bottom plate connecting the left and right side wall plates.

As shown in FIG. 19, the open shield machine 1 divides the machine body into a plurality of parts in the front-rear direction, and the front end of the rear body as the tail part 3 is fitted into the rear end of the front body as the front part 2 to each other. It was made possible to bend at the fitting part of.

The front portion 2 is mainly used for excavation, and the front end and the upper surface are open surfaces, and the middle fold jacks 4 are arranged in a plurality of upper and lower stages in the machine body with the middle fold jacks 4 facing rearward toward the rear.

On the other hand, the tail portion 3 is for installing the concrete box 8, and the shield jacks 5 are placed on the left and right toward the front in the front portion of the aircraft, and the jack portions 17 are arranged in a plurality of upper and lower stages. , It constitutes a box body hanging portion 18 that secures a space behind it.

In the figure, 6 is a movable split blade provided at the front end of the front portion 2, 19 is a slide jack of the movable split blade 6, and 10 is a press bar (push angle).

As shown in FIGS. 23 to 26, the open shield method using such an open shield machine 1 is constructed between the starting pit and the reaching pit. The open shield machine is assembled in the start pit 11, the ground in front of the start pit 11 is excavated by a shovel type excavator 12 installed on the ground, and the shield jack 5 of the open shield machine 1 is extended to start the start pit 11. The open shield machine 1 is advanced by taking a reaction force against the reaction force wall inside, and the first concrete box 8 forming the underground structure is suspended from above in the tail portion 3 of the open shield machine 1. It is set behind the retracted shield jack 5 together with the strut and the press bar 10.

Further, the starting pit 11 is composed of a retaining wall such as a sheet pile, and in order to start the open shield machine 1, the retaining wall is partially mirror-cut, but if necessary, the front part of the starting pit 11 is injected with a chemical solution or the like. The ground may be improved.

Next, in the same manner, the excavator 12 excavates the earth and sand from the front surface or the upper surface of the front portion 2, and the soil is discharged to advance the open shield machine 1, and the second concrete box 8 is placed in front of the first concrete box 8. The concrete box 8 is suspended in the tail portion 3.

Hereinafter, the same excavation and setting process of the concrete box 8 are repeated, the concrete boxes 8 are sequentially buried in the ground in a column, and the concrete box 8 at the rear is backfilled with the dump 14 to create an open shield machine. When 1 reaches the reaching pit 13, it is disassembled and removed to complete the construction. In the figure, 15 is a grout machine.

By the way, the excavation of the open shield machine 1 is performed not only by extending the shield jack 5, but also by fixing the shield jack 5 and advancing the front portion 2 with respect to the tail portion 3 by extending the middle folding jack 4, and the shield is shielded. Push forward in two stages, the jack 5 and the middle fold jack 4.

At that time, if one of the left and right sides of the middle-fold jack 4 is extended a lot, the front portion 2 turns to the opposite side and bends in that direction. Further, if either the upper or lower part is extended a lot, the front portion 2 turns to the opposite side and bends upward or downward. Curve construction or direction correction in this way is possible.

The movable split blade edge 6 is also described in the following patent document, but as shown in FIG. 20, the blade edge at the tip is divided into a plurality of pieces in the vertical horizontal direction, and a slide jack 19 projects forward from the left and right side wall plates. The box 20 is used, and the tip of the side wall plate of the open shield machine 1 is formed in the box storage portion 21 as a door pocket in a sliding door type, and is accommodated in the box storage portion 21 so as to be freely put in and taken out.
Japanese Patent No. 3923973

The movable split blade edge 6 has a role of a slide retaining plate that prevents the collapse of the ground on the front side by projecting from the left and right side wall plates.

In the conventional structure of the slide box 20 as the movable split blade edge 6, as shown in FIG. 21, a portion α in which the ground cannot be cut remains on the outside of the slide box 20, and when the shield machine main body is dug on hard ground. The resistance of the shield increased and tended to affect the attitude control of the shield machine and the shape of the laying box.

Further, in the conventional structure of the slide box 20, since the entire outer wall of the slide box 20 is in contact with the ground as shown in FIG. 22, the earth pressure tends to hinder the contraction operation of the slide box 20. ..

An object of the present invention is to eliminate the inconvenience of the conventional example and affect the attitude control of the shield machine and the finished shape of the laying box in an open shield machine having a slide box type movable split blade that protrudes from the left and right side walls. The purpose is to provide an open shield machine that does not have to be returned and that the slide box does not get stuck.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is a step of excavating and discharging earth and sand in front of the front surface or upper surface opening of the open shield machine, and extending the propulsion jack to react the concrete box body. The process of advancing the shield machine and the process of suspending and setting a new concrete box behind the retracted propulsion jack in the tail of the shield machine are repeated as appropriate, and the concrete boxes are sequentially buried in columns. It is an open shield machine used for the open shield method, and the open shield machine has a movable split blade that divides the tip of the blade into multiple upper and lower blades, and each split blade is a slide jack in front of the left and right side wall plates. The side wall plate of the open shield machine has a movable split blade edge formed by a slide box in which a box storage portion is formed at the tip of the side wall plate of the open shield machine and a sharp-edged edge portion is formed. A slide that allows the tip of the machine to be freely moved in and out of the box storage unit as a door pocket, and the movable split blade edge protrudes from the left and right side wall plates to prevent the collapse of the ground on the front side. In the open shield machine used as an earth retaining plate, the gist of the slide box is that a movable part is provided at the tip of the sharp-edged edge so as to project to the side of the machine, and the outer part can be overcut by this movable part. ..

According to the first aspect of the present invention, by providing the movable portion at the tip, when the slide box is extended, the movable portion can protrude to a further outer portion of the slide box and can be overcut at that portion, resulting in overcutting. By doing so, it can be expected to loosen the ground and reduce the resistance when digging the shield machine body.

The gist of the invention described in claim 2 is that the movable portion is a movable claw in which the sharp-edged edge portion is rotated horizontally by a pin, and the tip of the movable claw protrudes to the side of the machine body when extended. Is to be.

According to the invention described in claim 2, by changing the tip to be movable, when the slide box is extended, the tip portion of the claw protrudes to a further outer portion of the slide box, and the tip portion can be overcut at that portion.

The gist of the present invention according to claim 3 is that the movable claw has a convex joint surface for rotation on the side surface and the bottom surface, and rotates in the direction opposite to the overhanging direction when the slide box is reduced.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, in order to overcut, it is necessary to return the tip portion of the claw overhanging to the outer portion of the slide box when the slide box is contracted, but when the slide box is reduced, it rotates in the direction opposite to the overhanging direction. I made it so that it can be automatically restored.

In addition, since a part of the ground in contact with the slide box is cut when the slide box is extended, the earth pressure acting on the slide box is also reduced, so that the shrinking operation of the slide box can be expected to be improved.

The gist of the present invention according to claim 4 is that the movable claws are provided in a plurality of upper and lower stages.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, by providing a plurality of movable claws in the upper and lower stages, it can be expected that the ground is widely loosened in the upper and lower parts and the resistance at the time of digging the shield machine main body is reduced.

The gist of the present invention according to claim 5 is that the movable portion is a rotary disk cutter provided horizontally so that the circumference protrudes from the acute-angled cutting edge portion.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, by providing the rotary disk cutter which is provided horizontally so that the circumference is overhanging at the acute-angled cutting edge portion, the rotary disk cutter is further outside the slide box when the slide box is extended. It can be overcut at that part.

The gist of the present invention according to claim 6 is that the rotary disk cutter is provided in a plurality of stages at the top and bottom.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, by providing the rotary disk cutter in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction, it can be expected that the ground is widely loosened in the vertical direction and the resistance at the time of digging the shield machine main body is reduced.

As described above, the open shield machine of the present invention is a shield machine in which the earth and sand in front of the front or top opening of the open shield machine are excavated and discharged, and the propulsion jack is extended to make the concrete box a reaction force. An open shield method in which concrete boxes are sequentially buried in columns by repeating the process of advancing the concrete box and the process of suspending and setting a new concrete box from above behind the propulsion jack that has been shrunk in the tail of the shield machine. In an open shield machine with a slide box type movable split cutting edge that protrudes from the left and right side walls, it does not affect the attitude control of the shield machine and the finished shape of the laying box, and the slide box is returned. There is no danger of it disappearing.

It is a partial plan view of the main part which shows the 1st Embodiment of the open shield machine of this invention. It is a partial plan view of the main part which shows the 1st Embodiment of the open shield machine of this invention, and it is when the slide box is extended. It is a partial plan view of the main part which shows the 1st Embodiment of the open shield machine of this invention, and is the one at the time of shrinking a slide box. It is a side view at the time of reduction which shows the 1st Embodiment of the open shield machine of this invention. It is a plan view at the time of reduction which shows the 1st Embodiment of the open shield machine of this invention. It is a front view of FIG. It is a side view at the time of extension which shows the 1st Embodiment of the open shield machine of this invention. It is a top view at the time of extension which shows 1st Embodiment of the open shield machine of this invention. It is a front view of FIG. It is a side view at the time of reduction which shows the 2nd Embodiment of the open shield machine of this invention. It is a plan view at the time of reduction which shows the 2nd Embodiment of the open shield machine of this invention. It is a front view of FIG. It is a side view at the time of extension which shows the 2nd Embodiment of the open shield machine of this invention. It is a plan view at the time of reduction which shows the 2nd Embodiment of the open shield machine of this invention. It is a front view of FIG. It is a partial plan view of the main part at the time of reduction which shows the 2nd Embodiment of the open shield machine of this invention. It is a partial plan view of the main part at the time of extension which shows the 2nd Embodiment of the open shield machine of this invention. It is a partial plan view of the main part at the time of return which shows the 2nd Embodiment of the open shield machine of this invention. It is a cross-sectional plan view which shows the outline of an open shield machine. It is a top view which shows the conventional example. It is a top view when the slide box is extended which shows the conventional example. It is a top view at the time of contraction of a slide box which shows a conventional example. It is a side view which shows the 1st process of the open shield method. It is a side view which shows the 2nd process of the open shield method. It is a side view which shows the 3rd process of the open shield method. It is a side view which shows the 4th process of the open shield method.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with respect to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a partial plan view of a main part showing a first embodiment of the open shield machine of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view when the slide box is extended, and FIG. 3 is a plan view when the slide box is contracted. The same components as those in FIGS. 20 to 22 showing an example are designated by the same reference numerals.

Although the whole is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the open shield machine 1 of the present invention also has the same basic structure as the conventional example shown in FIG. 19 as an overall configuration, so the same reference numerals are given to the details here. The explanation is omitted.

The open shield machine 1 of the present invention also has a movable split blade edge 6 in which the blade edge is divided into a plurality of upper and lower portions, and each split blade edge independently protrudes forward. The slide jack 19 is used for the left and right side wall plates. This is due to the box-type slide box 20 projecting forward from the blade.

The slide box 20 constituting the movable split blade edge 6 is freely stored in and out of the box storage portion 21 as a door pocket at the tip of the side wall plate of the open shield machine 1 in a sliding door format.

The slide box 20 is provided with a movable portion 27 projecting to the side of the machine body at the tip sharp edge portion, and the outer portion can be overcut by this movable portion 27.

The movable portion 27 has a sharp-edged edge portion as a divided body having a substantially triangular shape in a plane, and is rotatably supported by a pin 22 to form a movable claw 23 that rotates in the horizontal direction.

The movable claw 23 has an isosceles triangle shape, the hypotenuse 26 faces inward, and the side surface 24 and the bottom surface 25 are convex joint surfaces for rotation.

This convex joint surface is formed as an arc surface in the illustrated example, but a polygonal surface may be used as long as it is a rotatable joint surface.

The movable claw 23 is a blade type, and the main body of the sharp-edged edge portion is used as a holder. 3 to 4) are provided, and the slide box 20 itself is also provided in a plurality of stages (three stages in the figure) above and below to form the movable split blade edge 6.

Further, as another embodiment, only one movable claw 23 may be provided with respect to the tip main body of the acute-angled cutting edge portion. In this case, the movable claw 23 is thick in the vertical direction.

Next, the usage will be described. As described with reference to FIG. 19, the open shield machine 1 having the movable split cutting edge 6 has a step of excavating and discharging earth and sand in front of the front or upper surface opening, and extending the propulsion jack to react the concrete box. The concrete box is buried in columns by repeating the process of advancing the shield machine and the process of suspending and setting a new concrete box from above behind the propulsion jack that has been shrunk in the tail of the shield machine. It is used for the open shield method.

The movable split blade edge 6 has a role of a slide retaining plate that prevents the collapse of the ground on the front side by projecting from the left and right side wall plates.

As shown in FIG. 2, when the slide box 20 is extended by the slide jack 19, the tip of the movable claw 23 projects toward the side of the machine body, and the outer portion is overcut.

Further, when the slide box 20 is reduced by the slide jack 19, the tip portion of the movable claw 23 is in a state of being separated from the ground as shown in FIG. 3, and the portion β that is not subjected to earth pressure from the ground is formed. Furthermore, since a part of the ground in contact with the slide box is cut when the slide box is extended, there is a part γ where the earth pressure is reduced, so improvement of the contraction operation can be expected.

Further, when the slide box 20 is reduced by the slide jack 19, the side surface 24 and the bottom surface 25, which are convex joint surfaces for rotation, rotate in the direction opposite to the projecting direction of FIG. 2 due to the friction of the ground.

As a result, the movable claw 23 automatically returns to the original state where it overhangs to the side of the machine body.

As shown in FIGS. 16 to 18 as the second embodiment of the present invention, the slide box 20 is provided with a movable portion 27 projecting to the side of the machine body at the acute-angled cutting edge portion, but the movable portion 27 is the acute-angled cutting edge portion. The rotary disk cutter 28 is provided horizontally so that the circumference of the blade overhangs.

The rotary disk cutter 28 is movable in the horizontal direction of the center by the fixing pin 29.

As shown in FIGS. 10 and 12, the rotary disk cutter 28 is a thin blade type, and one slide box 20 is provided with a plurality of stages (3 to 4 in the figure) above and below, and the slide box 20 itself. Also, a plurality of stages (three stages in the figure) are provided on the upper and lower sides to form the movable split cutting edge 6.

As another embodiment, one rotary disk cutter 28 may be provided for one slide box 20.

Usage and action are shown in FIGS. 16-18. As shown in FIG. 16, a part or the whole of the tip portion of the conventional slide box has a structure in which the fixing pin 29 can be rotated in the horizontal direction around the center.

FIG. 17 shows the extended state of the slide box 20, and when the tip sharp edge portion of the slide box 20 comes out, the rotary disk cutter 28 cuts the ground while rotating.

In the conventional slide box structure, the part where the ground cannot be cut remains on the outside of the slide box, and in the hard ground, the resistance when the shield machine body digs increases, and the attitude control of the shield machine and the laying can be done. It tended to affect the shape.

By changing the tip to the movable disk cutter 28, the tip of the claw can overcut the outer part of the slide box 20 when the slide box 20 is extended, and the resistance when digging the main body of the shield machine 1 Can be expected to be reduced.

Further, when the slide box 20 is reduced, as shown in FIG. 18, the rotary disk cutter 28 rotates in the direction opposite to that at the time of extension, and the frictional force acting by the earth pressure can be reduced.

In this way, in the conventional slide box structure, since the entire outer wall of the box is in contact with the ground, the earth pressure tends to hinder the contraction operation of the slide box, but the tip is changed to a rotatable type. As a result, the tip of the slide box can reduce the frictional force acted by the lateral earth pressure when it contracts, and a part of the ground in contact with the slide box is cut when the slide box is extended, so the slide box Since the earth pressure acting on the slide box is also lightened, improvement of the contraction operation of the slide box can be expected.

1 ... Open shield machine 2 ... Front part 3 ... Tail part 4 ... Middle folding jack 5 ... Shield jack 6 ... Movable split cutting edge 8 ... Concrete box body 10 ... Press bar 11 ... Starting pit 12 ... Excavator 13 ... Reaching pit 14 ... Dump 15 ... Grout machine 17 ... Jack part 18 ... Box hanging part 19 ... Slide jack 20 ... Slide box 21 ... Box storage part 22 ... Pin 23 ... Movable claw 24 ... Side 25 ... Bottom 26 ... Slope 27 ... Movable part 28 ... Rotating disk cutter 29 ... Fixed pin

Claims (6)

The process of excavating and discharging the earth and sand in front of the front or top opening of the open shield machine, the process of extending the propulsion jack to make the concrete box a reaction force and advancing the shield machine, and the process of shrinking in the tail part of the shield machine. It is an open shield machine used for the open shield method in which concrete boxes are sequentially buried in columns by repeating the process of suspending and setting a new concrete box from above behind the propulsion jack.
The open shield machine has a movable split blade that divides the blade edge of the tip into multiple upper and lower blades, and each split blade is a slide box that protrudes forward from the left and right side wall plates with a slide jack.
A box storage portion is formed at the tip of the side wall plate of the open shield machine, and the movable split blade edge of the slide box having a sharp-edged edge is formed. The tip of the side wall plate of the open shield machine is used as a door pocket to store the box. In an open shield machine used as a slide retaining plate that can be freely put in and taken out in a sliding door format and the movable split blades are projected from the left and right side wall plates to prevent the collapse of the ground on the front side. The slide box is an open shield machine that has a movable part that protrudes to the side of the machine at the sharp edge of the blade, and the outer part can be overcut with this movable part. The open shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the movable portion is a movable claw in which the sharp-edged edge portion is rotated horizontally by a pin, and the tip of the movable claw protrudes to the side of the machine body when extended. The open shield machine according to claim 2, wherein the movable claw has a convex joint surface for rotation on the side surface and the bottom surface, and rotates in the direction opposite to the overhanging direction when the slide box is reduced. The open shield machine according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the movable claws are provided in a plurality of stages vertically. The open shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the movable portion is a rotary disk cutter provided horizontally so that the circumference of the cutting edge portion has an acute-angled tip. The open shield machine according to claim 5, wherein the rotary disk cutter is provided in a plurality of stages at the top and bottom.

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