JP7005689B2 - Water supply and distribution management system, field water management device and irrigation water management device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a water supply and distribution management system, a field water management device, and an irrigation water management device.

In recent years, a field water management system capable of automatically supplying water by remotely controlling a water supply device provided in each field has been put into practical use. For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a field water management system that determines a daily target water level of a paddy field according to the growth stage of rice and controls a water supply valve so that the water level of the paddy field is within the vicinity of the target water level. ..

In addition, an irrigation water management system has been proposed in which the irrigation water taken out from the headworks and guided to the pumping station is distributed and managed to each field group, which is an aggregate of fields, through a diversion work or the like. For example, Patent Document 2 describes a parent pumping station for supplying water from a water source to each field group, and a parent pumping station for receiving irrigation water supplied from the parent pumping machine and supplying water to each terminal field in the field group. An irrigation water management system has been proposed that can distribute a predetermined amount of irrigation water from a water source to each field group by remotely controlling the child pumping station and water diversion valve installed in each field group from the central management department. There is.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 09-65776 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-42726

In the irrigation water management system as described in Patent Document 2, a plurality of pumps for pumping are installed at each pumping station so that the required predetermined amount of water distribution is maintained in a preset time zone. Each pump was in operation control.

However, since the configuration was not such that the accurate water distribution amount required for each field group could be managed in real time, for example, a pump was installed to distribute pumped water directly to the field group via a water pipe. At pumping stations, the pump must be operated all the time even under conditions where the required amount of water distribution is small and efficiency is low, resulting in a shortened pump life and increased maintenance costs such as electricity costs. board.

In addition, since the motor provided in the pump is configured to be driven by a reduced voltage start type, it is always driven with a constant output regardless of fluctuations in the amount of water distribution, and when the required amount of water distribution decreases, abnormally high pressure is applied to the piping. May cause water leakage.

Therefore, when the required amount of water distribution decreases, it is necessary to reduce the water supply pressure by returning the water in the water pipe pumped by the pump to the water source via the release valve, and as a result, power is wasted. There was a problem.

If a configuration is adopted in which the motor provided in the pump is controlled by an inverter method so that the fluctuation of the water distribution amount can be flexibly dealt with, the equipment cost becomes very high.

In view of the above-mentioned problems, an object of the present invention is to supply and distribute a sufficient amount of water required for each field group while appropriately operating and managing a pumping pump to suppress maintenance costs such as electricity costs. The point is to provide a management system, a field water management device and an irrigation water management device.

In order to achieve the above object, the first characteristic configuration of the water supply and distribution management system according to the present invention is a single field water management device that manages water supply to each field in units of field groups that are aggregates of fields. Alternatively, a water supply and distribution management system including an irrigation water management device that manages the amount of water distributed to each field group and the water distribution time via a plurality of pressurized water distribution pumps, wherein the field water management device is used for each field. The field management department that collects water level information calculates the required water depth, which is the difference between the set water level of each field and the current water level, based on the water level information, and determines the required water supply amount Q for each field group, Q = Σ. A required water supply amount calculation unit calculated by (demand water depth x field area), a water supply control unit that remotely controls the opening and closing of water taps in each field based on the demand water depth, and a required water supply amount for a predetermined period for each field group. A water supply amount notification unit that outputs Q and the demand water depth of each field to the irrigation water management device is provided, and the irrigation water management device is notified to each field group for a predetermined period by the water supply amount notification unit. A water distribution management unit that manages an operating state including the number of operating units and operating time of the water distribution pump that distributes water to each field group based on the required water supply amount Q is provided, and the water distribution management unit is output from the water supply amount notification unit. Based on the demand water depth of each field, it is judged that the demand water depth of the fields included in any of the fields to be distributed does not reach 0, but it is within the predetermined allowable range that does not cause any trouble until the next water supply. Then, in order to reduce the required water supply amount Q to the field group, the operating state is switched so that the operating number and / or the operating time of the water distribution pump is reduced from the operating state at that time.

In the field water management device, the required water supply amount for each field group is calculated by the required water supply amount calculation unit based on the water supply state information of each field managed by the field management unit. When the fields are operated in the constant irrigation mode, the required water supply amount Q for each field group is Q = Σ (demand depth x field area), that is, the demand water depth and the field of each field constituting the field group. It is obtained by adding the amount of water obtained by the product of the areas for each field. The calculated required water supply amount for each field group is transmitted to the irrigation water management device via the water supply amount notification unit.

The water distribution management department provided in the irrigation water management device manages the number of operating water distribution pumps and the operating time based on the transmitted required water supply amount for each field group, and the demand water depth of each field does not reach 0, but the next time. When it is determined that the value is within a predetermined allowable range that does not cause a problem until water supply , wasteful power consumption is suppressed by switching the operating state so as to reduce the number of operating water distribution pumps and / or the operating time . Then, the irrigation water distributed to each field group is appropriately supplied to each field by the water supply control unit controlling the opening and closing of the water tap of each field.

In addition to the above-mentioned first characteristic configuration, the second characteristic configuration is described by the water distribution management unit when the demand water depth of all the fields included in the field group falls within the predetermined allowable range. The point is that it is judged that the demand water depth of the field included in the field group has fallen within a predetermined allowable range.

When water is sent to the field group until the demand water depth of all the fields included in the field group becomes 0, that is, until the water depth of the field reaches the set water depth, the required water amount gradually decreases as the demand water depth approaches 0. The pressure inside the pipe rises. However, when the demand water depth of all the fields included in the field group falls within the predetermined allowable range, switching the operating state of the water distribution pump causes an abnormal increase in the pressure inside the pipe without releasing the release valve. It is possible to suppress unnecessary power consumption.

In the third characteristic configuration, in addition to the first characteristic configuration described above, when the average value of the demand water depths of all the fields included in the field group falls within the predetermined allowable range, the water distribution management unit In addition, it is determined that the demand water depth of the fields included in the field group is within a predetermined allowable range.

When the average value of the demand water depths of all the fields included in the field group falls within the predetermined allowable range, it is judged that the demand water depths of the fields included in the field group are within the predetermined allowable range, and the water is distributed with a margin. The operating state of the pump can be switched.

In the fourth characteristic composition, in addition to the second or third characteristic composition described above, the water distribution management unit excludes fields included in the field group in which the demand water depth does not decrease over a predetermined time from the judgment target. There is a point to do.

Since it can be judged that the field where the demand water depth does not decrease for a predetermined time cannot retain water due to some influence, the influence of waiting for the water level of such a field to rise, that is, the pressure in the water pipe and the drainage pump It is possible to reduce the effects such as an increase in wasteful power consumed in the water and shortening of the life of the drainage pump.

In the fifth characteristic configuration, in addition to the above-mentioned first characteristic configuration, the water distribution management unit determines the field when the demand water depth of the representative field included in the field group falls within the predetermined allowable range. The point is that it is judged that the demand water depth of the fields included in the group has fallen within a predetermined allowable range.

The treatment load increases when the demand water depths of all the fields included in the field group are monitored, but the treatment load can be reduced by monitoring the demand water depths of the representative fields.

In the sixth characteristic configuration, in addition to any of the first to fifth characteristic configurations described above, the water distribution management unit states that the demand water depth of the fields included in the field group has fallen within the predetermined allowable range. Judging, the point is to stop the operation of the water distribution pump that distributes water to the field group.

If water is supplied until the required water depth in all fields becomes 0, the required water supply amount will gradually decrease and the pressure inside the pipe will rise, so it is necessary to release the release valve to avoid an abnormal rise in the pressure inside the pipe. This causes wasteful power consumption. However, such wasteful power consumption can be suppressed by stopping the operation of the distribution pump when the demand water depth of the field falls within a predetermined allowable range.

In the seventh characteristic configuration, in addition to any of the first to fifth characteristic configurations described above, the water distribution management unit states that the demand water depth of the fields included in the field group has fallen within the predetermined allowable range. Judging, the point is to switch the field group to be distributed by the water distribution pump from the field group to be distributed to another field group.

If water is supplied until the required water depth in all fields becomes 0, the required water supply amount will gradually decrease and the pressure inside the pipe will rise, so it is necessary to release the release valve to avoid an abnormal rise in the pressure inside the pipe. This causes wasteful power consumption. However, by switching the field group to be distributed when the demand water depth of the field falls within a predetermined allowable range, water can be efficiently distributed to other field groups without causing an abnormal increase in the pressure in the pipe.

The first characteristic configuration of the field water management device according to the present invention is the field water management device incorporated in the water supply / distribution management system having any of the above-mentioned first to seventh characteristic configurations, and the water level of each field. The field management department that collects information calculates the required water depth, which is the difference between the set water level of each field and the current water level, based on the water level information, and determines the required water supply amount Q for each field group as Q = Σ ( The required water supply amount calculation unit calculated by (demand water depth x field area), the water supply control unit that remotely controls the opening and closing of the water faucet in each field based on the demand water depth, and the required water supply amount Q for a predetermined period for each field group. And a water supply amount notification unit that outputs the demand water depth of each field to the irrigation water management device, and the water supply control unit is in a state where water is distributed to each field group by the water distribution management unit, and the demand water depth is the first. 1 Outputs a water supply command to a water tap in a field whose value is larger than the predetermined value, and outputs a water supply stop command to a water tap in a field whose demand water depth is smaller than the first predetermined value and has a second predetermined value. There is a point to do.

The water supply control unit outputs a water supply command to the faucet of the field where the demand water depth is larger than the first predetermined value to restore the water level, and supplies water, and the second predetermined water supply depth is smaller than the first predetermined value. By outputting a water supply stop command to the water taps in fields that have a value, that is, fields that are hardly affected by the water reduction depth, and avoiding water supply, it is possible to efficiently supply water to the required fields. become.

The first characteristic configuration of the irrigation water management device according to the present invention is the irrigation water management device incorporated in the water supply and distribution management system having any of the above-mentioned first to seventh characteristic configurations, and the irrigation water management. Water distribution that manages the operating state including the operating number and operating time of the water distribution pump that distributes water to each field group based on the required water supply amount Q to each field group for a predetermined period notified from the water supply amount notification unit to the device. The water distribution management unit is provided with a management unit, and the water distribution management unit does not reach 0 in the demand water depth of the fields included in any of the field groups to be water-distributed, based on the demand water depth of each field output from the water supply amount notification unit. If it is determined that the water supply has reached a predetermined allowable range that does not cause any trouble until the next water supply , the number of operating units of the water distribution pump and / Alternatively, the point is to switch the operating state so that the operating time is reduced .

In the second characteristic configuration, in addition to the first characteristic configuration described above, when the water distribution management unit determines that the demand water depth of the field included in the field group is within the predetermined allowable range, the field group The point is to stop the operation of the water distribution pump that distributes water to.

In the third characteristic configuration, in addition to the first characteristic configuration described above, when the water distribution management unit determines that the demand water depth of the field included in the field group is within the predetermined allowable range, the water distribution pump The point is that the field group to be distributed is switched from the field group to be distributed to another field group.

As described above, according to the present invention, water supply and distribution management capable of distributing a sufficient amount of water required for each field group while appropriately operating and managing the pumping type pump to suppress maintenance costs such as electricity costs. It has become possible to provide systems, field water management equipment and irrigation water management equipment.

Explanatory drawing of irrigation water equipment Explanatory drawing of the field Explanatory diagram of water supply and distribution management system Explanatory drawing of monitor image Flow chart of water distribution control Flow chart of water supply amount notification control Flow chart of water supply control Explanatory drawing of the updated monitor image

The water supply and distribution management system, the field water management device, and the irrigation water management device according to the present invention will be described below. The term field used in the following description means both a paddy field and a field, and a plurality of fields to which irrigation water is supplied from a common distribution system separated from a water source by a diversion work or the like is referred to as a field group. In addition, a large-scale field group is composed of a set of a plurality of block field groups, and the necessity of water supply is managed for each block field group. Normally, irrigation water taken from a common water source is supplied to different field groups by a plurality of distribution systems divided by a diversion work or the like. In the following embodiments, a field for rice farming will be described, but the same applies to a field for fields.

[Structure of irrigation water equipment]
As shown in FIG. 1, the irrigation water facility uses the irrigation water taken from the pumping station 131 installed in the water source pond 130 such as a river or lake as the main water pipe 120 and the branch water pipe 121, and further distributes the irrigation water. It is a facility for supplying water to each field 1 via a water supply pipe 100 connected to a water pipe 121.

In the present embodiment, for convenience, the water supply of the irrigation water managed by the irrigation water management device is referred to as water distribution, and the water supply of the irrigation water managed by the field water management device to the field is referred to as water supply.

The irrigation water taken in at the pumping station 131 is directly pumped to the water distribution pipe 120 via the pump 131P. As a general rule, the pump 131P is configured to include a single pump or a plurality of sets of two pumps that are alternately operated, and when the amount of water to be sent is large, both of the two pumps are operated at the same time.

In this specification, the pressure pump may be referred to as a water distribution pump because of the function of distributing irrigation water to each field group.

The main water pipe 120 is branched toward each field group 10, and a water diversion device 140 that functions as a diversion work for adjusting the amount of water distribution to each of the branched water pipes 121 is provided. That is, the irrigation water pumped from the pumping station 131 is sent to each field group 10 via the water supply pipe 100 after the water distribution amount is adjusted by the water diversion device 140.

Each field 1 arranged along the water supply pipe 100 is provided with a water supply device 2 provided with a water tap connected so that water can be supplied from the water supply pipe 100. Further, each field 1 is provided with a drainage device 4 provided with a drain plug, and the water discharged from each field 1 via the drainage device 4 is configured to be discharged to the river via the drainage channel 9. ..

[Structure of field equipment]
As shown in FIG. 2, in the field 1, a water supply device 2 provided with a water tap that guides the irrigation water flowing through the water supply pipe 100 to the field 1 via the headrace 3 and the water in the field 1 are discharged. A drainage device 4 having a drain plug for draining water to the drainage channel 9 via the water channel 5 and a water level sensor 6 for measuring the water level of the field 1 are provided.

The water supply device 12 and the drain device 16 include a power storage device equipped with a solar panel SP, an electric motor for driving the water tap or the drain plug, a control circuit for controlling the electric motor, a communication circuit for wireless communication via the wireless repeater 7, and the like. It is configured so that a motor or a communication circuit for driving a water tap or a drain plug is operated by the electric power of a storage device in which the electric power generated by the solar panel SP is stored.

A wireless repeater 7 that can be connected to a communication network such as the Internet is installed in the vicinity of the field 1, and the communication circuit provided in the water supply device 2 and the drainage device 4 functions as a field water management device via the wireless repeater 7. It is configured to be able to communicate with the field water management server 21. The state of the water tap or drain plug, the water level of each field 1 detected by the water level sensor 6, etc. are transmitted to the field water management server 21, and the amount of water supplied and / or drainage through the water tap by the field water management server 21. The drainage water level via the plug can be adjusted by remote control.

[Configuration of water supply and distribution management system]
Returning to FIG. 1, the pump 131P provided in the pumping station 131 is provided with a control circuit equipped with a reduced voltage starting circuit adopting a primary resistance starting method and a communication circuit for operating the control circuit from the outside. It is configured to be able to communicate with the irrigation water management server 31 that functions as an irrigation water management device via a circuit. Each water diversion device 140 provided in the water distribution pipes 120 and 121 connecting the pumping station 131 and each field group 10 is provided with a flow rate adjusting valve for water diversion, a control circuit for controlling the flow rate adjusting valve, and a communication circuit. It is configured to be able to communicate with the irrigation water management server 31 via a communication circuit. The irrigation water management server 31 remotely controls the pressure feed pump 131P provided in the pumping station and the flow rate adjusting valve provided in the water diversion device 140. As the reduced voltage starting circuit, it is possible to adopt a known method such as a condorfa starting method or a star delta starting method in addition to the primary resistance starting method.

Taking paddy rice cultivation as an example, a sufficient amount of water is supplied to the field for puddling, deep water management is continued for a while after rice planting, and when it stabilizes to some extent, intermittent irrigation is performed through shallow water management. It is necessary to adjust the water level of the field as the rice grows, such as promoting the growth of roots, restarting intermittent irrigation after mid-drying to suppress the increase of stems, and dropping water at the time of harvest.

When it is necessary to supply a large amount of water at the same time as the water supply time of each field overlaps, such as the time of puddling, a rotating system is used to equitably distribute a certain amount of irrigation water secured by the water source to each field. It is necessary to plan and manage the water supply schedule for each field group, such as by adopting.

In the constant irrigation mode that maintains the water level of each field 1 at the set water level, such as deep water management and shallow water management, it is also necessary to replenish the amount of water that has dropped from the set water level due to the effects of water reduction depth such as evaporation, transpiration, and infiltration. be.

However, since the irrigation water management server 31 cannot grasp the fluctuation of the water supply amount required for each field group 10, it is necessary to constantly operate the pumping pump 131P even when the required water supply amount decreases. Since there is a risk of water leakage due to an increase in piping pressure, it was necessary to return the water sent to the drainage pipe via the release valve to the water source. As a result, there is a problem that the life of the pressure feed pump 131P is shortened and the power consumption is increased.

In the water supply and distribution management system according to the present invention, in order to flexibly deal with such a problem, the above-mentioned irrigation water management server 31 and the field water management server 21 are connected to each other via a communication medium such as the Internet, so that the farmer It is a system that makes it possible to supply irrigation water appropriately according to the conditions of individual fields managed by.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the water supply and distribution management system 200 includes a field water management system 20 and an irrigation water management system 30.

The field water management system 20 includes a field water management server 21, a terminal device 8 owned by a farmer, a water supply device 2, a drainage device 4, a water level sensor 6 and the like provided in each field 1. .. The terminal device 8 includes a portable terminal device such as a smartphone or a tablet computer, and a stationary terminal device such as a desktop computer.

The field water management server 21 provided in the field water management system 20 is provided with functional blocks such as a field management unit 21A, a required water amount calculation unit 21B, a water supply amount notification unit 21C, a water supply control unit 21D, and an image display processing unit 21E. ing.

The field water management server 21 is provided with a CPU board, a memory board, a communication board, a large-capacity external storage device, and the like, and an application program stored in the memory provided in the memory board is executed by the CPU mounted on the CPU board. By doing so, each functional block described above is realized.

The field management unit 21A manages the operating state of each field 1 and collects water supply state information of each field 1. The operating state includes information that identifies whether it is cultivated or fallow, and if it is cultivated, it contains information that identifies whether it is puddling, deep water management, shallow water management, medium drying, intermittent irrigation, falling water, or flushing. This is information mainly input from the farmer's terminal device 8.

The water supply state information is information indicating the water supply state of each field 1, and includes the set water level, the current water level, the opening degree of the water tap, and the like. The set water level refers to the drainage water level input from the farmer's terminal device 8 and set in the drain plug provided in the drain device 4, and the current water level refers to the water level in the field 1 detected by the water level sensor 6, and the water tap is opened. The degree means the opening degree of the water tap provided in the water supply device 2.

The required water supply amount calculation unit 21B calculates the required water supply amount for each field group in real time based on the water supply state information of each field 1. Specifically, the required water supply amount calculated at predetermined time intervals based on the operating state and set water level of each field 1 included in each field group 10, the current water level (including the required water depth), the opening of the faucet, and the like. Is the required water supply amount for each field group. The specific numerical value of the predetermined time is not particularly limited, and may be a time interval such as every 10 minutes, every 30 minutes, every hour, etc., which can ensure real-time performance. Normally, the water supply to each field group is controlled on a daily basis, and it is said to be every 10 minutes, every 30 minutes, or every hour until the water supply to each field is completed in that day. It may be set at intervals.

For example, when the operating state is the constant irrigation mode, the required water supply amount calculation unit 21B is the demand which is the water level difference between the set water level of each field and the current water level based on the water level information of each field included in the water supply state information. The water depth can be calculated, and the required water supply amount Q to each field group can be calculated by Q = Σ (demand water depth × field area). Here, the fields that are fallow are excluded from the fields for which the required water supply amount Q is calculated. Further, even in the field under cultivation, the field where the required water depth is extremely small can be excluded from the fields for which the required water supply amount Q is calculated. A field with an extremely small demand water depth is a field with a small water reduction depth, which is the amount of evaporation, transpiration, and infiltration.

The amount of water required for each field 1 can be obtained from the product of the demand water depth of each field 1 and the field area, and the required water supply amount Q for each field group 10 can be obtained by adding the amount of water required for each field 1. I want it. When the field water management server 21 manages a plurality of field groups 10, the total amount of the required water supply amount Q of each field group 10 is the required water supply amount.

The water supply amount notification unit 21C outputs the required water supply amount for each field group calculated by the required water supply amount calculation unit 21B to the irrigation water management server 31. As will be described later, the irrigation water management server 31 controls the pump pump 131P and the field group water distribution amount adjusting device 140 based on the required water supply amount for each field group.

The water supply control unit 21D is a functional block that remotely controls the opening and closing of the water taps in each field. And output the water supply command all at once. Then, preferably, a water supply stop command is output to the water faucet in the field where the demand water depth is smaller than the first predetermined value and becomes the second predetermined value.

The first predetermined value is a sufficient water level that does not hinder the growth of rice and can be evaluated as having recovered. For example, the demand water depth is 10 mm, and the second predetermined value is the demand water depth first. After recovering to a predetermined value, the overflow from the field 1 can be set to a value that can be avoided, for example, several mm. Even if the water level in the field 1 has reached the set water level, if the water level detected by the water level gauge 6 does not reach the set water level due to the influence of wind, etc., the water may overflow from the drain plug. , The water level set as a safety measure.

The first predetermined value and the second predetermined value are not limited to the above-mentioned values, but are values appropriately set according to the allowable range of the demand water depth described later.

The image display processing unit 21E is a functional block provided in the field management unit 21A, generates a monitor image that displays the operating state and water level of each field 1 included in each field group 10 in a visually identifiable manner, and externally. It is configured to display a monitor image in response to a request from the device 8.

FIG. 4 illustrates a monitor image. Irrigation water taken from the water source 130 is distributed to two field groups 10A and 10B via water distribution pipes 120 and 122 and water supply pipes 100 by two pumps 131P. Each of the field groups 10A and 10B is composed of 12 fields 1, and a water tap V is installed in each field 1. Although not shown, each field 1 is also provided with a drain plug that keeps the water level of the field 1 at the set water level.

In the monitor image, each field 1 is painted with a different display color according to the demand water depth, and the demand water depth of each field 1 can be confirmed by visually checking the display color. There is.

The irrigation water management system 30 includes an irrigation water management server 31 and a water diversion device 140 that functions as a field group water supply amount adjusting device 140 that adjusts the amount of water supplied from the distribution reservoir 122 to each field group 10. The total amount of water distributed to each field group 10 is adjusted by the field group water supply amount adjusting device 140.

The irrigation water management server 31 includes a water distribution management unit 31A that manages the number of operating units and operating hours of each pressure pump 131P based on the required water supply amount notified from the water supply amount notification unit 21C, and the total amount of irrigation water that can be sent. Each functional block of the water distribution schedule management unit 31B for adjusting the water distribution amount to each field group 10 based on the required water supply amount is provided. The water distribution schedule management unit 31B is a functional block of the water distribution management unit 31A.

The irrigation water management server 31 is provided with a CPU board, a memory board, a communication board, a large-capacity external storage device, and the like, and an application program stored in the memory provided in the memory board is executed by the CPU mounted on the CPU board. By doing so, each functional block described above is realized.

The water distribution schedule management unit 31B adjusts the amount of water distribution to each field group 10 based on the total amount of irrigation water that can be sent that it manages and the total amount of required water supply notified from the water supply amount notification unit 21C. do. When it is difficult to supply the required water supply amount to all the field groups 10 at the same time, each field group 10 is controlled by controlling the field group water distribution amount adjusting device 140 in a preset order or a preset distribution ratio. Adjust the amount of water sent to.

For example, water may be supplied to the corresponding single or multiple field groups according to a preset order, the water supply amount may be adjusted in the order of the field group 10 having the largest required water supply to the field group 10 having the smaller required water supply amount, or the required water supply amount may be adjusted. The field group water distribution amount adjusting device 140 is controlled so as to send water to each field group 10 according to the ratio. Of course, if the total amount of irrigation water that can be sent under the control of the user is larger than the total amount of required water supply, such adjustment of the water distribution amount becomes unnecessary.

When the required water supply amount increases, the water distribution management unit 31A appropriately controls the operation number and / or the operating time of the pressure feed pump 131P to match the required water supply amount, and when the required water supply amount decreases, it corresponds to the required water supply amount. As such, the number of operating pumps 131P and / or the operating time are appropriately controlled to be reduced. As a result, it becomes possible to suppress unnecessary power consumption required for the pressure feed pump 131P and extend the life of the pump. The control mode executed by the water distribution management unit 31A will be described below.

As a first aspect, the water distribution management unit 31A receives the demand water depth of the field 1 included in the field group 10 when the demand water depth of all the fields 1 included in the field group 10 falls within a predetermined allowable range. Is determined to be within the predetermined allowable range, and the operating state of the water distribution pump is switched.

For example, reduce the number of distribution pumps in operation or stop the operation of all drainage pumps. Further, the field group 10 to be distributed by the water distribution pump is switched from the field group 10 to be distributed to another field group 10, and the water distribution pump is operated so that the water supply amount is commensurate with the water supply amount required by the other field group 10. Switch the number.

When water is sent to the field group until the demand water depth of all the fields included in the field group becomes 0, that is, until the water depth of the field reaches the set water depth, the required water amount gradually decreases as the demand water depth approaches 0. The pressure inside the pipe rises.

However, when the demand water depth of all the fields included in the field group falls within the predetermined allowable range, the release valve required to avoid an abnormal increase in the pressure inside the pipe by switching the operating state of the water distribution pump. The open operation time can be shortened, wasteful power consumption can be suppressed, and the life of the water distribution pump can be extended.

As a second aspect, the water distribution management unit 31A requests the demand of all the fields 1 included in the field group 10 when the average value of the demand water depths of all the fields 1 included in the field group 10 falls within a predetermined allowable range. It is determined that the water depth is within the specified allowable range, and the operating state of the water distribution pump is switched. The mode of switching the operating state of the water distribution pump is the same as described above.

By determining that the demand water depth of the field 1 included in the field group 10 is within the predetermined allowable range when the average value of the demand water depths of all the fields 1 included in the field group 10 is within the predetermined allowable range. , The operating state of the water distribution pump can be switched with a margin. The release operation time of the release valve can be shortened as compared with the first mode in which it is determined that the demand water depth of all fields 1 is within a predetermined allowable range, and wasteful power consumption can be suppressed and the life of the distribution pump can be extended. can.

In any of the first and second aspects, it is preferable that the water distribution management unit 31A excludes the fields included in the field group 10 in which the demand water depth of the field 1 does not decrease over a predetermined time from the judgment target.

Since it can be judged that the field where the demand water depth does not decrease for a predetermined time cannot retain water due to some influence, the influence of waiting for the water level of such a field to rise, that is, the pressure in the water pipe and the drainage pump It is possible to reduce the effects such as an increase in wasteful power consumed in the water and shortening of the life of the drainage pump. For example, when a crayfish living in a paddy field digs a hole over the shore and leaks water from the field, when the water tap is damaged and water cannot be supplied, or when the drain plug is damaged and water cannot be retained. be.

As a third aspect, when the demand water depth of the representative field included in the field group 10 falls within the predetermined allowable range, the water distribution management unit 31A allows the demand water depth of all the fields 1 included in the field group 10 to be predetermined. Judging that it is within the range, the operating state of the water distribution pump is switched. The mode of switching the operating state of the water distribution pump is the same as described above.

If the demand water depth of all the fields 1 included in the field group 10 is monitored, the treatment load increases, but by monitoring the demand water depth of the representative field, the treatment load can be reduced. As a representative field, for example, the field having the largest field area in the field group can be selected. It is assumed that the field with the largest field area has the longest time to reach the permissible range, and when the water level of the field with the largest field area falls within the permissible range, it can be assumed that other fields are naturally within the permissible range. Because.

As a representative field, for example, a field located at the most downstream of the water supply pipe in the field group can be selected. This is because the water supply pressure is the lowest, so it can be assumed that the time required for water supply will be the longest. If the area of the field is small, it may lead to judgment. Therefore, select the field that has at least the average area of each field included in the field group and is located at the most downstream of the water supply pipe as the representative field. Is preferable.

The predetermined allowable range means a water level that does not hinder the growth of crops until the next water supply, for example, one day later, although the water depth of the field is lower than the set water level, for example, the required water depth is about 10 mm. Is set to the value of. In this case, the predetermined allowable range is set to the same value as the first set value. The predetermined allowable range is not limited to 10 mm, but is determined in relation to the set water level. For example, it is a value that is appropriately set according to the set water level of deep water management and shallow water management, and the allowable range of shallow water management is set to a smaller value than the allowable range of deep water management.

The control functions according to the first aspect, the second aspect, and the third aspect described above may be provided, and which aspect may be adopted may be configured to be switched according to the characteristics of the field group. For example, the first aspect is adopted in a field group in which the areas of each field are almost the same and there is no big difference, and the fluctuation of the water supply pressure along the water supply pipe is not so large. The second aspect is adopted for a group of fields where the number of fields is large and the fluctuation of water supply pressure is not so large along the water supply pipe. The third aspect is adopted in a group or a field group in which there is a large difference in water supply pressure between the upstream side and the downstream side along the water supply pipe.

It is equipped with a machine learning device that determines whether to switch between the first aspect, the second aspect, and the third aspect based on the characteristics of the field group, the set water level, and the demand water depth, and the learning result by the machine learning device is provided. It may be configured to switch the mode based on. The characteristics of the field group include the number of fields described above, the area variation of the field, the pressure gradient along the water supply pipe, and the like. The set water level includes information such as whether it corresponds to deep water management or shallow water management.

As an algorithm used in the machine learning device, an algorithm using a statistical method such as regression analysis or an algorithm using AI such as a pattern recognition algorithm using a neural network can be adopted.

Hereinafter, the procedure of the water supply / distribution control executed by the water supply / distribution management system 200 will be described in detail based on the flowchart.

As shown in FIG. 5, the water distribution management unit 31A of the irrigation water management server 31 acquires the amount of water that can be distributed from the pumping station (SA1), and from the water supply amount notification unit 21C provided in the field water management server 21. Obtain the required amount of water supply for the field group (SA2). If the amount of water that can be distributed is less than the required amount of water supply for each field group, that is, if it is judged that simultaneous water distribution is difficult (SA3, N), the water distribution schedule for each field group, that is, the required amount of water supply for irrigation can be distributed to each field group. As described above, the water distribution time zone and the water distribution amount are generated (SA4), the water distribution amount adjusting device 140 for each field group is adjusted and controlled ( SA5 ), and the field water management server 21 is notified of the water distribution schedule to each field group (SA4). SA6).

When it is determined that the amount of water that can be distributed exceeds the required amount of water supply for each field group, that is, it is determined that simultaneous water distribution is possible (SA3, Y), the water distribution amount adjusting device 140 for each field group is used so as to distribute the required amount of water supply to each field group. Adjustment control is performed (SA7), and the field water management server 21 is notified of the water distribution schedule to each field group (SA6).

Next, the number of pumps is calculated and driven (SA9) so that the required amount of irrigation water can be pumped according to the water distribution schedule, and whether or not the required water depth of the target field group has reached the allowable range is determined. If it is determined and within the permissible range, the pressure feed pump is stopped and controlled to stop the drainage to the field group (SA10). After that, although it depends on the water supply pressure from the water supply pipe, the water supply to each field of the field group is continued until the second set value is reached.

After that, the process returns to step SA1 and the same process is repeated. In step SA10 described above, instead of uniformly stopping and controlling the pump, when it is necessary to continue water distribution to other field groups, the pump is operated to the extent that the required amount of water distribution can be secured. The number will be limited.

As shown in FIG. 6, the field management unit 21A of the field water management server 21 collects management information for the field 1 belonging to each field group 10 and stores the management information in the memory (SB1). The management information includes information on the operating state of each field 1 and information on the water supply state of each field 1.

As mentioned above, the operating state is the information that identifies whether the plant is being cultivated or fallow, and if it is being cultivated, it can be either scratched, deep water management, shallow water management, medium drying, intermittent irrigation, falling water, or flushing. The information to be identified is included, and is mainly input from the terminal device 8 of the farmer. The water supply state is information indicating the water supply state of each field 1, and includes the set water level, the current water level, the opening degree of the water tap, and the like. The set water level refers to the drainage water level input from the farmer's terminal device 8 and set in the drain plug provided in the drain device 4, and the current water level refers to the water level in the field 1 detected by the water level sensor 6, and the water tap is opened. The degree refers to the opening degree of the water tap provided in the water supply device 2 which is input from the water supply device 2.

The required water supply amount calculation unit 21B calculates the required water supply amount for each of the above-mentioned fields 1 based on the management information collected by the field management unit 21A and stored in the memory, and the required water supply amount of the field group 10 to which the field belongs. Is calculated, the same arithmetic processing is executed for all the field groups 10 under control, and the result is stored in the memory (SB2, SB3).

When the calculation process of the required water supply amount for all the field groups 10 is completed (SB3, Y), the water supply amount notification unit 21C reads the calculation result from the memory and notifies the water distribution management unit 31A of the irrigation water management server 31 ( SB4). The processes of steps SB1 to SB4 are repeated at predetermined intervals, and the water distribution management unit 31A is always notified of the latest required water supply amount. The predetermined time is not particularly limited, but is preferably set in the range of several tens of minutes to several hours.

As shown in FIG. 7, when the water distribution schedule is acquired from the irrigation water management server 31 (SC1), the field management unit 21A and the water supply control unit 21D cooperate to control the water supply device 2 provided in each field 1 to supply water. to manage.

In the constant irrigation mode which is the object of the present invention, the field group 10 capable of supplying water is specified according to the water distribution schedule, and among the fields included in the field group 10, the fields whose demand water depth is larger than the first predetermined value. Water supply is controlled all at once (SC2).

Since the latest water level information can be obtained in response to the input from the water level sensor 6 provided in each field 1 in the process of water supply (SC3), the corresponding field group 10 is provided by the image display processing unit 21E provided in the field management unit 21A. Update the monitor image of (SC4).

Further, water supply to each field is continued until the demand water depth becomes smaller than the second predetermined value, and when the demand water depth becomes smaller than the second predetermined value, the water supply to the corresponding field is controlled to be stopped (SC6).

The above steps SC3 to SC6 are repeated until the water supply to all the field groups 10 is completed, and when the water supply to all the field groups 10 is completed (SC7), the same is performed in response to the acquisition of the next water distribution schedule. Repeat the process.

FIG. 8 shows the progress of water supply control in the above-mentioned constant irrigation mode from the monitor image of the field group 10 before water supply shown in FIG. In this example, water is supplied from the field of the field group 10B having a large required water supply, most of the fields of the field group 10B have a demand water depth of less than 1 cm, and a part of the fields showing a large value of the demand water depth of the field group 10A. It is shown that the demand water depth is less than 0 cm.

By visually confirming such a monitor image via the terminal device, the farmer can grasp the situation appropriately and quickly.

The embodiments described above are merely examples of the present invention, and the description is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention, and the water supply and distribution management system, the field water management device, and the irrigation water management device are used. Needless to say, the specific configuration can be appropriately modified and designed within the range in which the action and effect of the present invention are exhibited.

1: Field 2: Water supply device 3: Headrace 6: Water level sensor 8: Terminal 10: Field group 20: Field water management system 21: Field water management device (field water management server)
21A: Field management unit 21B: Required water supply amount calculation unit 21C: Water supply amount notification unit 21D: Water supply control unit 21E: Image display processing unit 30: Irrigation water management system 31: Irrigation water management device (irrigation water management server)
31A: Water distribution management unit 31B: Water distribution schedule management unit 100: Water supply pipe 120: Water distribution pipe (main line)
121: Water pipe (branch line)
122: Distribution reservoir 130: Water source reservoir 131: Pumping station 131P: Pumping pump (pumping pump)
140: Field group water distribution amount adjustment device 200: Water supply and distribution management system

Claims (11)

A field water management device that manages water supply to each field in units of field groups that are aggregates of fields, and water distribution amount and water distribution time to each field group are managed via a single or multiple pressurized water distribution pumps. Irrigation water management equipment and water supply and distribution management system including
In the field water management device, a field management unit that collects water level information of each field and a demand water depth that is a water level difference between the set water level of each field and the current water level are calculated based on the water level information and sent to each field group. The required water supply amount calculation unit that calculates the required water supply amount Q by Q = Σ (demand water depth x field area), the water supply control unit that remotely controls the opening and closing of the water faucet in each field based on the demand water depth, and the above. It is equipped with a water supply amount notification unit that outputs the required water supply amount Q for a predetermined period for each field group and the required water depth of each field to the irrigation water management device.
An operating state including the operating number and operating time of the water distribution pump that distributes water to each field group based on the required water supply amount Q to each field group for a predetermined period notified from the water supply amount notification unit to the irrigation water management device. Equipped with a water distribution management department to manage
Based on the demand water depth of each field output from the water supply amount notification unit, the water distribution management unit does not reach 0 in the demand water depth of the fields included in any of the field groups to be distributed, but until the next water supply. When it is determined that the value is within the predetermined allowable range that does not cause any trouble , the number of operating units and / or the operating time of the water distribution pump is reduced from the operating state at that time in order to reduce the required water supply amount Q to the field group. A water supply and distribution management system that switches the operating state so as to do so . The water distribution management unit determines that the demand water depth of the field included in the field group is within the predetermined allowable range when the demand water depth of all the fields included in the field group is within the predetermined allowable range. The water supply and distribution management system according to claim 1. When the average value of the demand water depths of all the fields included in the field group falls within the predetermined allowable range, the water distribution management unit falls within the predetermined allowable range of the demand water depths of the fields included in the field group. The water supply and distribution management system according to claim 1. The water supply / distribution management system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the water distribution management unit excludes fields in which the demand water depth of the fields included in the field group does not decrease over a predetermined time from the judgment target. The water distribution management unit claims that when the demand water depth of the representative field included in the field group falls within the predetermined allowable range, the demand water depth of the field included in the field group falls within the predetermined allowable range. Item 1 The water supply and distribution management system. If the water distribution management unit determines that the demand water depth of the field included in the field group is within the predetermined allowable range, the water distribution management unit stops the operation of the water distribution pump that distributes water to the field group according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The water supply and distribution management system described. When the water distribution management unit determines that the demand water depth of the field included in the field group is within the predetermined allowable range, the water distribution management unit switches the field group to be distributed by the water distribution pump from the field group to be distributed to another field group. The water supply and distribution management system according to any one of claims 1 to 5. A field water management device incorporated in the water supply / distribution management system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
The field management department that collects water level information of each field, calculates the required water depth that is the difference between the set water level of each field and the current water level based on the water level information, and calculates the required water supply amount Q to each field group. A required water supply amount calculation unit calculated by Q = Σ (demand water depth x field area), a water supply control unit that remotely controls the opening and closing of water taps in each field based on the demand water depth, and a predetermined period for each field group. It is equipped with a water supply amount notification unit that outputs the required water supply amount Q and the required water depth of each field to the irrigation water management device.
The water supply control unit outputs a water supply command to a water tap in a field where the required water depth is larger than the first predetermined value in a state where water is distributed to each field group by the water distribution management unit, and the demand water depth. Is a field water management device that outputs a water supply stop command to a water tap in a field having a second predetermined value smaller than the first predetermined value. An irrigation water management device incorporated in the water supply and distribution management system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
An operating state including the operating number and operating time of the water distribution pump that distributes water to each field group based on the required water supply amount Q to each field group for a predetermined period notified from the water supply amount notification unit to the irrigation water management device. Equipped with a water distribution management department to manage
Based on the demand water depth of each field output from the water supply amount notification unit, the water distribution management unit does not reach 0 in the demand water depth of the fields included in any of the field groups to be distributed, but until the next water supply. When it is determined that the value is within the predetermined allowable range that does not cause any trouble , the number of operating units and / or the operating time of the water distribution pump is reduced from the operating state at that time in order to reduce the required water supply amount Q to the field group. An irrigation water management device that switches the operating state so as to be performed . The irrigation water management device according to claim 9, wherein the water distribution management unit stops the operation of the water distribution pump that distributes water to the field group when it determines that the demand water depth of the field included in the field group has fallen within the predetermined allowable range. .. When the water distribution management unit determines that the demand water depth of the field included in the field group is within the predetermined allowable range, the water distribution management unit switches the field group to be distributed by the water distribution pump from the field group to be distributed to another field group. The irrigation water management device according to claim 9.

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