JP7007202B2 - Power management system and power management method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a power management system and a power management method.

Patent Document 1 describes a power management system that determines the amount of reduced power to be reduced by each consumer according to the maximum contract current value when responding to demand response. Here, the demand response (DR: Demand Response) means that the consumer side suppresses the use of electric power in response to the setting of the electricity rate price or the payment of incentives when the wholesale market price rises or the grid reliability declines. It is defined as changing the power consumption pattern.

Conventionally, large consumers such as factories and buildings, which consume a large amount of power, have been performing demand response during peak power consumption by controlling demand and controlling storage batteries. For example, when there is a request to suppress demand at the peak demand during the cooling operation period, the demand is suppressed by raising the set temperature of the air conditioner or stopping the less important equipment such as lighting. Further, in the demand suppression method using a storage battery, a large storage battery is charged in advance and discharged at a designated time of demand suppression, and the purchased power during that period is suppressed for a certain period of time.

On the other hand, for consumers such as general housing, the range in which demand can be suppressed is small because the power consumption is not large from the beginning. Therefore, even if the demand in general housing is suppressed, the sufficient effect of the demand suppression cannot be expected. In addition, when a photovoltaic power generation device is installed in a general house, it may be possible to meet the demand of one's own consumer with the electric power obtained from the photovoltaic power generation during the peak daytime demand in summer. In that case, the demand in the general housing will be zero, and there will be no spare capacity to curb the demand for electricity purchased.

In addition, for example, in the summer, when trying to reverse power flow from renewable energy such as a photovoltaic power generation device installed in a general house, if reverse power flow is performed in a plurality of general houses at the same time, the power to be reverse power flowed. Temporarily increases. On the grid side, even in such a case, the maximum power value that can be reverse power flow must not be exceeded. In such a case, in the method of supplying the electric power discharged from the rechargeable battery to another consumer in order to adjust the electric power, for example, in a situation where reverse power flow is performed during the daytime in summer, reverse power flow In that case, it is not always possible to supply the power discharged from the rechargeable battery to the power system side (reverse power flow). Therefore, there is a problem that it is not always effective as an adjusting force.

Japanese Patent No. 5922138

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a power management system and a power management method capable of improving the adjusting power of power adjustment using reverse power flow.

In order to solve the above problems, one aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of groups in which one or more consumer facilities having at least one of a power generation device and a storage battery belong to one or more, and at least one of the consumer facilities to which the consumer facilities belong has a storage battery . In the system managed in the group unit, the planned value of the discharge power from the storage battery is assigned to each group based on the spare capacity of the reverse power flow power for each group, and the system belongs to each group according to the allocation. A planned value generation unit that determines the planned value of the discharged power for each consumer facility and a power control unit that transmits the planned value of the discharged power determined by the planned value generation unit to each customer facility. It is a power management system equipped.

Further, one aspect of the present invention is the power management system, in which the planned value generation unit is of the maximum reverse power flow power allowed in each customer facility and the reverse power flow power from each customer facility. By summing the differences for each group, the spare capacity of the reverse power flow power for each group is calculated, and the discharge power from the storage battery is calculated according to the ratio of the spare power of the reverse power flow power for each group or the remainder after allocation. The planned value is assigned to each of the above groups.

Further, one aspect of the present invention is the power management system, in which the planned value generation unit determines the planned value of the discharge power so as not to exceed the limit value of the reverse power flow power for each customer facility. ..

Further, one aspect of the present invention is the power management system, in which the planned value generation unit plans the discharge power from the storage battery assigned to each group for each customer facility belonging to each group. The planned value of the discharge power is determined so as to be allocated to a part of.

Further, one aspect of the present invention is the power management system, in which the group corresponds to the configuration of a distribution network in which the discharge power is reverse-flowed.

Further, in one aspect of the present invention, the power reserve of the reverse power flow is updated based on at least one of the monitoring information of the power transmission and distribution system, the power reserve information of the reverse power flow, or the reverse power flow suppression command.

Further, in one aspect of the present invention, a plurality of groups having one or more consumer facilities having at least one of a power generation device and a storage battery and at least one of the consumer facilities to which the consumer facilities belong have a storage battery are managed in the group unit. The planned value generation unit allocates the planned value of the discharge power from the storage battery to each group based on the surplus capacity of the reverse power flow power for each group, and belongs to each group according to the allocation. A power management method in which a planned value of the discharged power for each customer facility is determined, and the power control unit transmits the planned value of the discharged power determined by the planned value generation unit to each customer facility. be.

According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the adjusting power of the electric power adjustment using the reverse power flow.

An example of the overall configuration of the power management system in this embodiment is shown. An example of the configuration of the distribution network of each consumer facility 100 shown in FIG. 1 is shown. An example of the configuration of the electric facility in the consumer facility 100 is shown. A configuration example of the controller 200 in the consumer facility provided in the consumer facility 100 is shown. A configuration example of the power management device 300 is shown. It is a flowchart which shows the example of the processing procedure which the electric power management apparatus 300 executes in relation to the planned value simultaneous equal amount control. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the power control process (step S102 of FIG. 6) based on the planned value executed by the power management apparatus 300. It is a flowchart which shows the example of the processing procedure (step S203 of FIG. 7) which determines the control target value for each consumer facility executed by the electric power management apparatus 300. It is a flowchart which shows the example of the processing procedure (step S303 of FIG. 8) which determines the control target value for each consumer facility when the reverse power flow executed by the electric power management apparatus 300 is performed. It is a figure for demonstrating an example of the process shown in FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the example of the processing procedure (step S403 of FIG. 9) which determines the allocation amount of discharge power to each consumer group executed by the power management apparatus 300.

Hereinafter, the power management system according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an overall configuration example of the power management system 1 in the present embodiment. The electric power management system 1 in the present embodiment collectively manages electric power in a consumer facility such as a house, a commercial facility, or an industrial facility corresponding to a plurality of consumer facilities in a predetermined area range. Such a power management system corresponds to, for example, TEMS (Town Energy Management System) and CEMS (Community Energy Management System).

The electric power management system 1 of the present embodiment includes a plurality of consumer facilities 100 and an electric power management device 300. The electric power management system 1 shown in FIG. 1 manages electric power for each electric facility of a consumer facility 100 in a certain range of areas shown as an electric power management area 10. The consumer facility 100 corresponds to, for example, a residential facility, a commercial facility, an industrial facility, or the like.

The area corresponding to the power management area 10 of the present embodiment may be formed by one area range or may be formed by a plurality of geographically discrete area ranges.

Further, in the present embodiment, in the plurality of consumer groups (for example, consumer groups GP01, GP02, GP03, GP10, etc.), the consumer facility 100 causes reverse power flow to the distribution network (or distribution system) in the power management system 1. It is a unit for managing electric power. That is, the power management system 1 manages the power that the consumer facility 100 reverse-feeds into the distribution network for each of the consumer groups GP01, GP02, GP03, and GP10. Further, in the example shown in FIG. 1, the consumer group GP10 includes the consumer group GP01 and the consumer group GP02. That is, the consumer group GP10 is a higher-level consumer group, and the consumer group GP01 and the consumer group GP02 are lower-level consumer groups. In this case, the electric power management system 1 manages each consumer facility 100 belonging to the consumer group GP10 as a whole. Further, when the electric power management system 1 manages each consumer facility 100 belonging to the consumer group GP10, the electric power management system 1 manages each consumer facility 100 belonging to the consumer group GP01 as a whole, and each demand belonging to the consumer group GP02. The house facility 100 is managed as a whole. The consumer group may belong to one consumer facility 100. Further, all the consumer facilities 100 in the power management area 10 may belong to the same consumer group. Also, the consumer group does not have to have a hierarchical structure. In this case, the power management system 1 manages the consumer facility 100 for each of the consumer groups GP01, GP02, and GP03, for example.

The grouping of the consumer facilities 100 is arbitrary, but may correspond to the configuration of the distribution network. FIG. 2 shows an example of the correspondence between the configuration example of the distribution network of each consumer facility 100 shown in FIG. 1 and the consumer groups GP01, GP02, GP03 and GP10. In FIG. 2, the same reference numerals are used for the same or corresponding configurations as those shown in FIG. 1 (hereinafter, the same applies to each of the drawings). The distribution network 50 shown in FIG. 2 includes distribution substations 51 and 52, transformers 53 to 55, high-voltage distribution lines 61 and 62, and low-voltage distribution lines 63 to 65. The distribution substation 51 steps down the voltage of the electric power transmitted from a transmission line (not shown) and distributes the power to the transformers 53, 54 and the like via the high voltage distribution line 61. The transformers 53 and 54 are pillar transformers, road transformers, etc., and further step down the voltage of the power distributed from the distribution substation 51, and a plurality of consumer facilities via the low voltage distribution lines 63 and 64. Power is distributed to 100. The distribution substation 52 steps down the voltage of the electric power sent from a transmission line (not shown) and distributes the electric power to the transformer 55 or the like via the high voltage distribution line 62. The transformer 55 is a pole transformer, a road transformer, or the like, and further lowers the voltage of the power distributed from the distribution substation 52 and distributes the power to a plurality of consumer facilities 100 via the low voltage distribution line 65. ..

In the example shown in FIG. 2, each consumer facility 100 belonging to the consumer group GP10 is connected to the distribution substation 51. Further, each consumer facility 100 belonging to the consumer group GP01 is connected to the transformer 53. Further, each consumer facility 100 belonging to the consumer group GP02 is connected to the transformer 54. Further, each consumer facility 100 belonging to the consumer group GP03 is connected to the transformer 55.

In the example shown in FIG. 2, each consumer facility 100 is connected to the low voltage distribution line 63, 64 or 65, but the consumer facility 100 is provided with equipment such as a power receiving transformer and is equipped with a high voltage distribution line. It may be directly connected to 61, 62, etc. In this case, the consumer facility 100 directly connected to the high-voltage distribution lines 61, 62, etc. may independently belong to one consumer group, or may be connected to the low-voltage distribution lines 63, 64, 65, etc. It may belong to the consumer group to which the consumer facility 100 belongs. Further, in the example shown in FIG. 2, the grouping is set with the distribution substations 51, 52, etc. as one unit. For example, one or a plurality of distribution transformers (banks) provided in the distribution substation. Grouping may be set in units of.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the consumer facility 100 includes a power generation device 103 that generates power by a solar cell and a storage battery 104. FIG. 3 shows an example of a configuration of an electric facility in the consumer facility 100. In the present embodiment, the storage battery 104 is composed of, for example, a secondary battery and a control device such as an inverter that controls charging / discharging of the secondary battery. The power generation device 103 and the storage battery 104 may have an integrated configuration such as a power conversion circuit. The consumer facility 100 may include one of the power generation device 103 and the storage battery 104. Further, the consumer facility 100 may be provided with neither the power generation device 103 nor the storage battery 104. Further, the power generation device 103 is not limited to the one using a solar cell, but may be a power generation device that generates power using other renewable energies such as wind power generation and geothermal power generation, or a combination thereof.

The power generation device 103 and the storage battery 104 included in the consumer facility 100 are grid-connected to the commercial power source. As a result, the consumer facility 100 provided with the power generation device 103 or the storage battery 104 causes the power generated and output by the power generation device 103 or the power output by the storage battery 104 by discharge to flow back to the power system (distribution network) of the commercial power source. And can be sold through the power system.

The electric power management area 10 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1 has, for example, a contract with a general power transmission and distribution business operator corresponding to the planned value simultaneous equal amount system. That is, the operator of the power management area 10 formulates a power receiving plan for the power management area 10 every predetermined unit planning time (for example, 30 minutes), and the formulated power receiving plan is sent to the general power transmission and distribution business operator. hand over. In addition, if the actual power reception in the power management area 10 causes an excess or deficiency (imbalance) with respect to the power reception plan, the settlement corresponding to the imbalance between the electric power company and the general power transmission and distribution company (Imbalance settlement) is performed.

The power receiving plan in this embodiment includes a power generation plan and a demand plan. The power generation plan may have a planned value of the power management area 10 as a whole for power to be reverse-flowed to the distribution network, or an individual planned value of the consumer facility 100. The demand plan may have a planned value of the electric power management area 10 as a whole for electric power purchased from the distribution network in a forward flow, or an individual planned value of the consumer facility 100.

Under the planned value simultaneous equal amount system corresponding to this embodiment, it is required that the actual results for each of the power generation plan and the demand plan are achieved as planned. That is, in the planned value simultaneous equal amount system corresponding to this embodiment, it is required that the actual results of the reverse power flow from the power management area 10 are not excessive or insufficient with respect to the power generation plan, and the power management area 10 is in order. It is required that the actual power generated by the power flow is just right for the demand plan. In the present embodiment, the generated power means the power to be reverse power flowed to the distribution network. The demand power means the power that flows forward from the distribution network. In the present embodiment, the generated electric power includes the electric power generated by the power generation device 103 and the electric power discharged by the storage battery 104.

As shown in FIG. 1, each of the consumer facilities 100 can communicate with the power management device 300 by being connected to the network NW.

The electric power management device 300 executes electric power control for the electric equipment in the entire consumer facility 100 belonging to the electric power management area 10. For this purpose, the power management device 300 shown in FIG. 1 is connected to each of the consumer facilities 100 via the network NW so as to be able to communicate with each other. Thereby, the electric power management device 300 can control the operation of the electric equipment provided in the consumer facility 100.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the consumer facility 100 includes a power meter 101, a distribution board 102, a power generation device 103, a storage battery 104, a load 105, a communication modem 106, and a controller 200 in the consumer facility. That is, FIG. 3 shows an example of a consumer facility 100 including both a power generation device 103 and a storage battery 104.

The watt-hour meter 101 measures the demand power and the generated power. That is, the watt-hour meter 101 measures the received power. The received power is, for example, the difference between the demand power and the generated power. In the consumer facility 100, the electric power supplied to the distribution board 102 from the commercial power supply line DL on the general power transmission and distribution business operator side is the demand electric power. Here, the commercial power supply line DL corresponds to a drop line which is a component of the low-voltage distribution lines 63 to 65 shown in FIG. 2, for example. On the other hand, the electric power output from the power generation device 103 or the storage battery 104 and supplied from the distribution board 102 to the commercial power supply line DL via the power meter is the generated electric power. When the forward power flow corresponding to the demand power is set to the positive direction, if the generated power corresponding to the reverse tide amount is smaller than the demand power corresponding to the forward power flow, the received power is measured as a positive value and is relative to the demand power. If the generated power is large, the received power is measured as a negative value. The watt-hour meter 101 includes, for example, a demand meter that measures the demand power used in one consumer facility 100, and a power generation device 103 (energy device) that uses natural energy such as a photovoltaic power generation device in one consumer facility 100. An example) It is equipped with a power generation meter that measures the generated power generated by the above.

The distribution board 102 distributes and supplies the electric power supplied from the commercial power source to the storage battery 104, the load 105, and the like. Further, the distribution board 102 can output the electric power output from the power generation device 103 to the commercial power supply line DL via the electric power meter 101 due to the reverse power flow. The distribution board 102 may include a circuit breaker (breaker; switch) 1021 for limiting the contracted power. The circuit breaker 1021 for wiring is used when a current corresponding to a predetermined power exceeding the contract power flows for a predetermined time or longer on the wiring connecting the power meter 101, the power generation device 103, the storage battery 104, and the load 105. Break the connection. The generated power is reverse-flowed to the commercial power supply line DL via the wiring breaker 1021. Therefore, the reverse power flow current is limited by the contract current as well as the forward power flow current.

The power generation device 103 is a facility that receives sunlight to generate power. The power generation device 103 includes a solar cell and a PCS (Power Conditioning System). The power generation device 103 receives sunlight to generate electric power, converts the electric power obtained by the power generation into alternating current by PCS, and outputs the electric power.

The electric power generated by the power generation device 103 can be supplied as a power source for the load 105. Further, the electric power generated by the power generation device 103 can be charged to the storage battery 104. Further, the electric power generated by the power generation device 103 can be reverse-flowed by being output from the distribution board 102 to the commercial power supply line DL via the electric power meter 101.

The storage battery 104 is a facility that stores electric power input for charging and discharges and outputs the stored electric power. The storage battery 104 includes, for example, a secondary battery and an inverter. The storage battery 104 stores (charges) electric power and outputs (discharges) the stored electric power. The inverter converts the electric power for charging the secondary battery from direct current to direct current, and converts the electric power output from the secondary battery by discharge from direct current to alternating current. That is, the inverter performs bidirectional conversion of the power input / output from the secondary battery.

The storage battery 104 can be charged by inputting the electric power of the commercial power supply supplied via the distribution board 102. Further, the storage battery 104 can be charged by inputting the electric power generated by the power generation device 103. Further, the storage battery 104 can supply the stored electric power as a power source for the load 105. Further, the storage battery 104 can reverse power flow by outputting the stored electric power from the distribution board 102 to the commercial power supply line DL via the electric power meter 101.

The load 105 collectively indicates a predetermined device or equipment that consumes electric power for its own operation in the consumer facility 100. It should be noted that the type and number of devices and equipment as a load provided in each consumer facility 100 may be different. The load 105 can operate by inputting a commercial power supply supplied from the distribution board 102. Further, the load 105 can operate by inputting the electric power generated by the power generation device 103. Further, the load 105 can operate by inputting the electric power output from the storage battery 104.

Further, the load 105 includes, for example, a hot water storage type water heater 105a. This hot water storage type water heater is equipped with a hot water storage tank that stores a certain amount of hot water, and stores hot water obtained by heating water using electric energy in the hot water storage tank. The accumulated hot water can be used by consumers at any time, such as during the day or at night. Further, the timing of heating water by electric energy is controlled by the controller 200 in the consumer facility. The consumer facility may include a consumer facility provided with a hot water storage type water heater 105a and a consumer facility not provided with the hot water storage type water heater 105a. In the present embodiment, the case of the hot water storage type water heater 105a will be described as an example of the load 105, but any load other than this may be used as long as the load can control the power consumption. For example, a heat storage type air conditioner and clothing. It may be a dryer, a dishwasher, or a storage battery (load as a charging target).

The communication modem 106 communicates with the power management device 300 via the network NW.

The controller 200 in the consumer facility controls the electrical equipment (power generation device 103, storage battery 104, load 105, communication modem 106, etc.) in the consumer facility 100. Further, the controller 200 in the consumer facility can input the power consumption information measured by the power meter 101 and use the input power consumption information for various controls.

Although FIG. 3 shows an example of the consumer facility 100 having both the power generation device 103 and the storage battery 104, the power generation device 103 and the storage battery 104 may be provided with only one or both. Since there may be a consumer facility that does not have, in that case, there may be a consumer facility 100 that has only one of the power generation device 103 and the storage battery 104, or does not have both. Further, the consumer facility 100 may include a consumer facility 100 provided with a hot water storage type water heater 105a and a consumer facility 100 not provided with the hot water storage type water heater 105a.

FIG. 4 shows a configuration example of the controller 200 in the consumer facility provided in the consumer facility 100. The consumer facility controller 200 shown in FIG. 4 includes an external communication interface 201, an externally compatible transmission / reception unit 202, an in-facility communication interface 203, an in-facility support transmission / reception unit 204, a power collection unit 205, a control unit 206, and a storage unit 207. ..

The external communication interface 201 communicates via the network NW via, for example, the communication modem 106. The externally compatible transmission / reception unit 202 controls the transmission / reception of data via the network NW by using the external communication interface 201.

The in-facility communication interface 203 communicates with the electrical equipment and the like in the consumer facility 100 provided by the facility. The in-facility correspondence transmission / reception unit 204 controls the transmission / reception of data to / from the electrical equipment in the consumer facility 100 via the in-facility communication interface 203.

The electric power collecting unit 205 collects electric power-related information in the consumer facility 100. For example, the power collecting unit 205 can collect information on the received power measured by the power meter 101. Further, the power collecting unit 205 may collect the power generated by the power generation device 103, the remaining amount (stored power) of the storage battery 104, the charge / discharge power, the load power (power consumption) due to the load 105 and the like.

The control unit 206 executes various controls corresponding to the function as the controller 200 in the customer facility. The control unit 206 transmits the information of the generated power and the demand power collected by the power collection unit 205 to the power management device 300.

The power meter 101 may be used as a smart meter, for example, so that information on the measured received power can be transmitted to the power management device 300 via the communication line NL via the network NW. In this case, it is not necessary for the power collecting unit 205 to collect the received power measured by the power meter 101. The smart meter is a watt-hour meter having a function of measuring an electric energy and notifying a general power transmission and distribution business operator or the like of the measured result by communication. In addition, some smart meters have a current limiting function (limiter function). The current limiting function is a function of using a switch to shut off the switch when the maximum current value set by communication is exceeded to cut off the currents of forward power flow and reverse power flow. By using the current limiting function, the current flowing forward and reverse through the power meter 101 is limited by the maximum current value set by the current limiting function. The maximum current value is set, for example, in correspondence with the contracted power.

The storage unit 207 stores various information used by the control unit 206.

FIG. 5 shows a configuration example of the power management device 300. The power management device 300 shown in FIG. 5 includes a communication unit 301, a control unit 302, and a storage unit 303.

The communication unit 301 communicates with the controller 200 in the consumer facility in the consumer facility 100 via the network NW.

The control unit 302 controls the operation of the electric equipment of each consumer facility 100 in the power management area 10. The control unit 302 of the present embodiment includes a calculation unit 320, a determination unit 321, a planned value generation unit 322, and a power control unit 323.

The calculation unit 320 calculates the imbalance average value obtained by dividing the imbalance value based on the difference between the area power plan value and the area power actual value in the power management area 10 by the number of each consumer facility 100 in the power management area 10.

Further, the calculation unit 320 calculates the difference in actual value, which is the difference between the actual demand in the consumer facility 100 and the actual power generation. The difference between the actual demand and the actual power generation in the consumer facility 100 is calculated from the actual demand and the actual power generation in the first reference time. Here, the first reference time corresponds to a time or time for calculating a planned value in a predetermined unit planning time in the future.

Further, the calculation unit 320 sets the imbalance average value as a value corresponding to any one of the following states of the power demand shortage, the power demand surplus, the power power generation surplus, or the power power generation shortage in the power management area 10. calculate.

The determination unit 321 determines whether or not the imbalance average value calculated by the calculation unit 320 falls within the actual value difference calculated by the calculation unit 320.

Based on the determination result of the determination unit 321, the planned value generation unit 322 is an energy device of the consumer facility 100 based on the imbalance average value when the imbalance average value for each consumer facility 100 falls within the actual value. If there is a consumer facility 100 whose imbalance average value does not fall within the actual value, the planned value for controlling is within the range based on the actual difference of the own consumer facility 100 for each consumer facility 100. At the same time, a planned value for controlling the energy equipment of the consumer facility 100 so as to reduce the imbalance average value is generated. Here, the actual demand and the actual power generation in the consumer facility 100 are determined based on the measured values obtained from the electric power meter 101 provided in the consumer facility 100.

Further, the planned value generation unit 322 generates a planned value for controlling the supply of electric power from the energy device in the consumer facility 100 or the storage of electric power in the energy device based on the determination result. Further, the planned value generation unit 322 generates the planned value as a planned value in a time zone after a predetermined time from the first reference time. The time zone after a predetermined time with respect to the first reference time is, for example, a time zone from 3:00 pm to 3:30 pm when the first reference time is 2:00 pm. As long as it is after the first reference time and the time zone does not change drastically from the tendency of electric power usage in the first reference time, the time zone after the first reference time can be used for any time. The length of time as this time zone can be, for example, 30 minutes of the demand time. Further, the interval between the first reference time and the next arrival first reference time is arbitrary, but may be, for example, 30 minutes of the demand time. As a result, by associating the arrival interval of the first reference time with the length of time as the time zone, it becomes easy to manage the control.

For example, the plan value generation unit 322 generates a plan for controlling the operation of the hot water storage type water heater 105a during the peak period including the peak of the generated power of the power generation device. As the peak of the generated power, the peak in the total value of the generated power (planned value) of each consumer facility 100 in the power management area 10 may be used, or the total value of the generated power (planned value) for each consumer group may be used. May be used for the consumer facility 100 belonging to the consumer group, or the peak value of the generated power (planned value) of each consumer facility 100 may be used. Further, the planned value generation unit 322 may set the timing for operating the hot water storage type water heater 105a to include the peak time of the generated power, but the operation is performed during the period during which the reverse power flow is possible and does not include the peak time of the generated power. It may be planned as a period according to the timing of suppressing the power to be reverse power flow.

Further, when the planned value generation unit 322 operates the hot water storage type water heater 105a, the discharge control is performed so as to supply not only the generated power but also the power from the storage battery 104 provided in the customer to the hot water storage type water heater 105a. You may want to generate a plan to do. In this case, the planned value generation unit 322 charges the storage battery 104 to charge the storage battery 104 when it is necessary to reduce a part of the power to be reverse power flow after the operation of the hot water storage type water heater 105a is stopped. do. By discharging from the storage battery 104 and operating the hot water storage type water heater 105a, the amount of electricity stored in the hot water storage battery 104 decreases to some extent, so that a rechargeable capacity can be secured. If it is necessary to further suppress the reverse power flow after this is performed, the power for reverse power flow can be suppressed by charging the storage battery 104.

Further, the planned value generation unit 322 may charge the storage battery 104 by supplying a part of the electric power for reverse power flow to the storage battery 104 provided to the customer when the hot water storage type water heater 105a is operated. good. In this case, by using the power to be reverse power flowed for both the hot water storage type water heater 105a and the storage in the storage battery 104, the power to be reverse power flow can be further reduced.

Further, the planned value generation unit 322 seems to have different periods for operating the hot water storage type water heater 105a for each consumer group (customer groups GF01, GF02, GF03, GF10, etc.) in which the consumer group is divided into a plurality of groups. An operating period is assigned and a plan is generated to operate the hot water storage water heater 105a during this operating period. Thereby, by making the timing of operating the hot water storage type water heater 105a different, the electric power to be reverse power flow can be dispersed and reduced in a longer period. For example, the operation periods may be set to be different from each other, or the operation periods may be set so that some of the periods overlap.

In the above configuration, the imbalance is particularly likely to occur in summer, but there is also an imbalance that is likely to occur in winter. For example, in the winter, the days are shorter than in the summer, so in the evening, the power generated by solar power generation becomes almost zero in the evening. In addition, since the temperature tends to decrease from nightfall, it is expected that the number of consumer facilities 100 (general housing, commercial facilities, industrial facilities, corporate buildings, etc.) that perform heating operation using electric power will increase. Therefore, when the predetermined condition is satisfied, the planned value generation unit 322 controls to discharge the power from the storage battery 104 and reverse power flow to the power system while reducing the power purchased in the consumer facility 100. As this predetermined condition, for example, when there is a request from the outside, that is, the planned value generation unit 322 requests the electric power from the power system side (for example, a power transmission / distribution company, a power retailer, a power generation company, etc.). May be received, or the purchased power supplied from the power system may exceed a predetermined reference value. When such a predetermined condition is satisfied, the planned value generation unit 322 controls to discharge power from the storage battery 104 and reverse power flow to the power system while reducing the power purchased in the consumer facility 100 (for example, power). An example of a control unit). That is, the stored power is stored in the storage battery 104 by the power generated by solar power generation during the daytime, and the stored power is discharged at the peak power demand such as in the evening, but the demand power of the self-consumer facility 100 to be discharged is reduced to zero. It is possible to supply electric power to the consumer facility 100 in which the purchased electric power is larger than the purchased electric power by not only discharging the electric power in such a manner but also discharging the electric power so as to cause a reverse current flow. By reducing the power purchased in the control area 10 and causing the power to flow backward to the power system side, it is possible to cover a part of the power shortage on the power system side. Further, when the planned value generation unit 322 receives a request regarding electric power from the external power system side, the discharge of the storage battery 104 and the energization time of the hot water storage type water heater 105a are changed in response to the request from the outside. Therefore, it is possible to supply the required electric power to the outside.

The electric power control unit 323 transmits the planned value determined by the planned value generation unit 322 to each consumer facility 100, and powers the power so that the planned value of the power determined corresponding to the power management area 10 is achieved. The electric power equipment in each consumer facility 100 belonging to the management area 10 is controlled. As the planned value used here, the planned value generated by the planned value generation unit 322 is used.

The storage unit 303 stores information used by the control unit 302 in power management. The storage unit 303 of the present embodiment stores power generation plan information 331, demand plan information 332, and consumer facility basic information 333.

The power generation plan information 331 is information indicating the power generated by the formulated power generation plan. The demand plan information 332 is information indicating the demand power according to the formulated demand plan.

The consumer facility basic information 333 includes basic information about each consumer facility 100 in the power management area 10. The basic information of the consumer facility corresponding to one consumer facility 100 includes the consumer facility ID (identification code) uniquely indicating the corresponding consumer facility 100, the value of the contracted power of the consumer facility 100, and the power generation device 103. The value of the rated output, the value of the rated output of the storage battery 104, the information about the electric power equipment and the hot water storage type water heater 105a provided in the corresponding consumer facility 100, the address of the controller 200 in the consumer facility provided in the corresponding consumer facility 100, etc. Information is included.

The power management device 300 of the present embodiment having the above configuration performs control (simultaneous planned value equal amount control) for achieving a power management plan based on the planned values formulated corresponding to the power management area 10. Execute. An example of a processing procedure executed by the power management device 300 of the present embodiment in connection with the simultaneous equal amount control of planned values will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. 6, 7, 8 and 9.

In FIG. 6, the control unit 302 determines whether or not the adjustment start time has been reached (step S101). Under the planned value simultaneous equal amount system corresponding to this embodiment, for example, the generated power and the required power of each consumer facility 100 are totaled and totaled for each unit planned time of 30 minutes, which is the demand time. Based on, formulate a planned value of electric power including a power generation plan and a demand plan for each unit planning time. The adjustment start time corresponds to the timing at which the unit planning time starts. If the adjustment start time does not arrive (step S101-NO), after a certain period of weight processing, it is determined again whether or not the adjustment start time has been reached. When it is determined that the adjustment start time has been reached (step S101-YES), the control unit 302 executes the power control process based on the planned value (step S102).

Then, the control unit 302 determines whether or not the unit planning time started corresponding to step S101 has ended (step S103). The power control unit 323 continues the power control in step S102 until the unit planning time is completed (step S103-NO). Then, when the unit planning time ends (step S103-YES), the process shown in FIG. 6 ends.

The flowchart of FIG. 7 shows an example of the power control process based on the planned value as step S102 shown in FIG.

The control unit 302 acquires the power generation plan and the demand plan corresponding to the current unit planning time started corresponding to the step S101 from the power generation plan information 331 and the demand plan information 332 stored in the storage unit 303 (step S201). ..

Further, the control unit 302 is actually generating power as actual demand power (also referred to as received power), which is power that is actually in demand and corresponds to the current state of each consumer facility 100 belonging to the power management area 10. The actual generated power, which is the power, is acquired (step S202). In step S202, the control unit 302 transmits a received power request to the controller 200 in the consumer facility for each consumer facility 100. The controller 200 in the consumer facility transmits the information of the received power input from the power meter 101 by the power collecting unit 205 to the power management device 300 in response to the reception of the received power request. In step S202, the control unit 302 acquires the information of the received power transmitted from the controller 200 in the consumer facility of each consumer facility 100 in this way.

Further, in step S202, the control unit 302 transmits a power generation request to the controller 200 in the consumer facility for each consumer facility 100. The controller 200 in the consumer facility transmits the information of the generated power input from the power meter 101 by the power collecting unit 205 to the power management device 300 in response to the reception of the generated power request. In step S202, the control unit 302 acquires the information of the generated power transmitted from the controller 200 in the consumer facility of each consumer facility 100 in this way.

The control unit 302 is based on the power generation plan and the demand plan acquired in step S201, and the actual power generation power and the actual demand power corresponding to the present for each consumer facility 100 belonging to the power management area 10 acquired in step S202. , The control target value for the energy device for each consumer facility 100 is determined (step S203). Here, the control target value is a target value of the generated power of the power generation device 103 (when the generated power can be controlled) provided in each consumer facility 100, a target value of the charge / discharge power of the storage battery 104, and a load 105 (power consumption). Includes the target value of power consumption (if controllable). When the power generation device 103, the storage battery 104, or the load 105 has a plurality of devices that can be independently controlled, the control target value can be determined for each device.

The electric power control unit 323 transmits the control target value determined for each consumer facility 100 in step S203 to the corresponding consumer facility 100 (step S204).

In response to the reception of the control target value, the controller 200 in the consumer facility of each consumer facility 100 belonging to the power management area 10 controls the charge / discharge of the storage battery 104 so that the generated power or the demand power becomes the control target value. conduct. As a result, the planned value simultaneous equal amount control corresponding to the power generation plan as the power management area 10 is executed.

The process shown in FIG. 7 may be performed once for each unit planning time, or may be performed at regular intervals when the unit planning time is further divided.

Next, the process of determining the control target value for each consumer facility 100 in step S203 shown in FIG. 7 described above will be further described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

The calculation unit 320 of the control unit 302 calculates the imbalance average value of the power management area 10 at the current stage, and the determination unit 321 finds the imbalance average value calculated by the calculation unit 320 to be the actual value difference calculated by the calculation unit 320. It is determined whether or not it fits in (step S301). In step S301, the determination unit 321 determines whether the imbalance average value calculated in the power management area 10 is a power demand shortage, a power demand surplus, a power generation surplus, or a power generation shortage. do.

When it is calculated that the power generation record is large compared to the power generation plan, and the power that is reverse power flow from each consumer facility 100 is an imbalance (power generation surplus) that is larger than the planned value of reverse power flow. (Step S301-state in which there is a large amount of reverse power flow), the planned value generation unit 322 is a planned value for operating a part of the electric power to be reverse power flow to operate the hot water storage type water heater 105a in the consumer facility 100 that performs the reverse power flow. Is generated (step S302).

For example, in the summer, in a general house, the generated power becomes larger than the demand power in the self-consumer facility, and the surplus power generated tends to be easily reverse-flowed. In that case, if the reverse power flow exceeds the planned power value of the reverse power flow, first, in the self-consumer facility 100, the influence on the whole in the power management area 10 is reduced. The load is increased in the self-consumer facility 100 so as to approach the power generation plan value for reverse power flow. At this time, by operating the hot water storage type water heater 105a out of the load, hot water can be used while reducing the amount of electric power used in other time zones. In addition, when water is heated during the daytime in summer, it is considered that the water temperature of the water supplied from the outside is high to some extent, so the water temperature should be raised with less electric energy than in the low water temperature state. The water temperature can be raised with less energy required to reach the target temperature for storing hot water. Further, since the temperature is high, the water temperature in the hot water storage type water heater 105a is unlikely to decrease, so that heat loss can be suppressed.

In step S302, the planned value generation unit 322 may generate a planned value for operating the hot water storage type water heater 105a at the peak time of the generated power, or may generate a planned value that does not include the peak time of the generated power. A planned value for operating the hot water storage type water heater 105a may be generated during the period of reverse power flow.

Further, in step S302, when the power generation surplus is larger than the predetermined reference value, the planned value generation unit 322 not only operates the hot water storage type water heater 105a by the generated power but also charges the storage battery 104. You may try to generate a planned value that causes you to do so. Further, when the hot water storage type water heater 105a is operated and the water temperature in the hot water storage type water heater 105a reaches the target temperature, the power required for the hot water storage type water heater 105a is reduced, which is necessary for the hot water storage type water heater 105a. Depending on the timing at which the power is reduced, the storage battery 104 may be charged by the generated power. As a result, the power value for reverse power flow itself decreases as the power required for operating the hot water storage type water heater 105a decreases, but the period for reducing the power for reverse power flow can be extended. In this way, the timing for operating the hot water storage type water heater 105a and the timing for charging the storage battery 104 may be determined according to the imbalance state of the specific consumer facility 100, or may be determined according to the imbalance state of the specific consumer facility 100. It may be decided in consideration of the combination of balances.

Further, if the generated power is surplus even if it is supplied to the hot water storage type water heater 105a or the storage battery 104, the planned value is such that the power is supplied to the consumer facility where the demand surplus of the power is generated in the other consumer facilities. May be generated. In step S302, when the planned value is generated by the planned value generation unit 322, the power control unit 323 transmits the obtained planned value to each consumer facility 100 as a control target value (step of FIG. 7). S204). Each consumer facility 100 manages electric power in the consumer facility 100 according to the planned value transmitted as the control target value.

On the other hand, when it is calculated in step S301 that the imbalance average value is the surplus power demand (step S301-a state where the amount of power generation is small and the demand is high), the planned value generation unit 322 discharges from the storage battery 104. Then, while satisfying the demand of the own consumer facility 100, a planned value for performing reverse power flow at each consumer facility 100 for each consumer group is generated as a control target value (step S303). In step S303, the planned value generation unit 322 stores the storage battery 104 so that, for example, the power demand in the consumer facility 100 that discharges the battery becomes zero, that is, the power purchased in the consumer facility 100 becomes zero. A planned value is generated so that the discharge amount is such that reverse power flow is also performed while discharging from.

For example, in winter, the sunshine hours are shorter than in summer, so in the evening, the amount of power generated by photovoltaic power generation decreases significantly (for example, zero), and the demand for electricity also increases. Therefore, the planned value generation unit 322 causes the reverse power flow to flow back to the power system by performing reverse power flow while making the power demand in the consumer facility 100 that discharges from the storage battery 104 zero. At the same time, it is possible to reduce the power purchased by itself. As a result, the demand power can be suppressed for the consumer facility 100 that discharges from the storage battery 104, and in the power system, a part of the shortage power can be covered by the reverse power flow.

In step S303, when the planned value is generated by the planned value generation unit 322, the power control unit 323 transmits the obtained planned value to each consumer facility 100 as a control target value (step of FIG. 7). S204). Each consumer facility 100 manages electric power in the consumer facility 100 according to the planned value transmitted as the control target value.

On the other hand, if the imbalance does not correspond to the "state where the reverse power flow is large" or the "state where the amount of power generation is small and the demand is high" (step S301-another imbalance state), the planned value generation unit 322. Generates a planned value for reducing the imbalance according to the state of the imbalance (step S304). When the planned value is generated by the planned value generation unit 322, the power control unit 323 transmits the obtained planned value to each consumer facility 100 as a control target value (step S204 in FIG. 7). Each consumer facility 100 manages electric power in the consumer facility 100 according to the planned value transmitted as the control target value.

Next, the process of generating the planned value as the control target value in the case of performing reverse power flow for each customer facility 100 in step S303 described above will be further described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In the process shown in FIG. 9, the planned value generation unit 322 first has a power generation plan and a demand plan for each consumer facility 100 in the power management area 10, and the current actual power generation power and actual demand for each consumer facility 100. A control target value for each consumer facility 100 is calculated based on the electric power (step S401). Next, the planned value generation unit 322 calculates the total value of the control target values of the discharge power from each storage battery 104 of each consumer facility 100 in the entire power management area 10 (step S402).

Next, the planned value generation unit 322 allocates the discharge power to each consumer group according to the smaller of the reverse power reserve capacity for each consumer group and the discharge power reserve capacity for each consumer group. Determine (step S403). In the present embodiment, the spare capacity of the reverse power flow for each consumer group is the difference between the maximum reverse power flow allowed in each consumer facility 100 and the reverse power flow power from each customer facility 100. It is a total value for each of GF01, GF02, GF03, GF10, and so on. Here, the maximum reverse power flow power allowed in each consumer facility 100 is, for example, the contract power (rated power) when there is a limit due to a molded case circuit breaker, a current limiting function of a smart meter, or the like. Alternatively, if there is no restriction by the circuit breaker for wiring or the like, the value may be a value previously agreed with the power system side (for example, a power transmission and distribution business operator, a power retailer, a power generation business operator, etc.). Alternatively, the surplus capacity of reverse power flow for each consumer group is, for example, due to equipment such as distribution lines and distribution equipment, or due to voltage and frequency stability of the distribution system and safety restrictions such as voltage, current, and power. It may be a value determined for each consumer group. The reverse power flow from each consumer facility 100 is planned based on, for example, the actual value of reverse power flow power, the value obtained by subtracting the actual value of discharge power from the actual value of reverse power flow power, and the planned value of power supply and demand. It can be a value obtained by subtracting a planned value of discharge power from a planned value of reverse power flow power planned based on a planned value of reverse power flow power or a planned value of power supply and demand.

Further, the remaining capacity of the discharged power for each consumer group is the value of the power that can be continuously discharged from each storage battery 104 of the consumer facility 100 for at least the unit planned time (or a predetermined time divided by the unit planned time). , Consumer group GF01, GF02, GF03, GF10, ... It is a total value for each. The value of the power that can be continuously discharged is usually the rated value (maximum output value) of the discharge power when the storage battery 104 is in a state close to full charge. Alternatively, the value of the power that can be continuously discharged becomes a value smaller than the rated value (maximum output value) of the discharge power when the storage battery 104 is not fully charged, for example, depending on the charging state.

For example, the total value of the discharge power in the control target value of the entire power management area 10 is 50 kW, and the smaller of the reverse power flow power reserve and the discharge power reserve of the consumer group GF01 shown in FIG. 2 is 20 kW, the demand. It is assumed that the smaller of the reverse power flow power reserve and the discharge power reserve of the house group GF02 is 30 kW, and the smaller of the reverse power flow power reserve and the discharge power reserve of the consumer group GF03 is 50 kW. In step S403, the planned value generation unit 322 allocates, for example, 50 kW of the control target value of the discharge power to the consumer groups GF01, GF02, and GF03 according to the ratio of the remaining capacity (the smaller one). In this case, the planned value generation unit 322 allocates 10 kW, 15 kW, and 25 kW of discharge power to the consumer groups GF01, GF02, and GF03, respectively. Alternatively, in step S403, the planned value generation unit 322 allocates, for example, 50 kW of the control target value of the discharge power to the consumer groups GF01, GF02, and GF03 so as not to have a remainder as much as possible. In this case, the planned value generation unit 322 allocates, for example, 20 kW and 30 kW of discharge power to the consumer groups GF01 and GF02, respectively. Alternatively, the planned value generation unit 322 allocates all 50 kW of discharge power to the consumer group GF03, for example.

Here, a configuration example of the process of step S403 of FIG. 9 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 11 shows step S403 of FIG. 9, in which the planned value generation unit 322 determines each consumer group according to the smaller of the reverse power flow reserve capacity for each consumer group and the discharge power reserve capacity for each consumer group. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the process of determining the allocation amount of discharge power to. It is assumed that a predetermined initial value is set for the residual capacity of the reverse power flow power used in this process. In the process shown in FIG. 11, the planned value generation unit 322 first determines whether or not the monitoring information of the power transmission / distribution system has been updated (step S501). The monitoring information of the power transmission and distribution system is information representing the actual measurement results such as the current flowing through a predetermined distribution line in the power transmission and distribution system, the voltage between the lines, the power transmission and distribution capacity, and the transmission voltage. The monitoring information of the power transmission and distribution system is measured, for example, by a measuring device installed by a power transmission and distribution business operator or the like at a predetermined cycle, and the measurement result is measured by the power management device 300 directly from the power transmission and distribution business operator or the measuring device. Information received via a communication line. When the monitoring information of the power transmission and distribution system is updated (step S501-YES), the planned value generation unit 322 calculates the spare capacity of the reverse power flow based on the monitoring information of the power transmission and distribution system, and the reverse power flow is calculated based on the calculation result. The power reserve is updated (step S502). At the time of the calculation, the planned value generation unit 322 can adjust, for example, the value of the residual capacity of the reverse power flow power to the safe side by using a predetermined safety factor.

On the other hand, when the monitoring information of the power transmission and distribution system is not updated (step S501-NO), or when the spare capacity of the reverse power flow power is updated based on the monitoring information of the power transmission and distribution system (step S502), the planned value is generated. Unit 322 determines whether or not the reverse power flow reserve information received from the power transmission and distribution business operator is valid (step S503). The reverse power flow reserve information is information representing the value of the power reserve of the reverse power flow set by the power transmission and distribution business operator or the like, and the power management device 300 receives the information from the power transmission and distribution business operator or the like via a communication line. The reverse power flow reserve information is updated, for example, at regular time intervals or at arbitrary timings by the power transmission and distribution business operator. For example, if the update is stopped due to some trouble or the like, the reverse power flow reserve information is set to be invalid after a predetermined period. When the update of the reverse power flow spare capacity information is stopped, the planned value generation unit 322 can use the initial value of the reverse power flow reserve capacity or the value updated in step S502 as the value of the reverse power flow power reserve capacity. When the reverse power flow reserve information received from the power transmission and distribution business operator is valid (step S503-YES), the planned value generation unit 322 updates the reverse power flow reserve capacity based on the reverse power flow reserve information (step S504).

On the other hand, when the reverse power flow residual capacity information received from the power transmission and distribution business operator is not valid (step S503-NO), or when the reverse power flow residual capacity is updated based on the reverse power flow residual capacity information (step S504), the planned value. The generation unit 322 determines whether or not the reverse power flow suppression command received from the power transmission and distribution business operator is valid (step S505). The reverse power flow suppression command is information indicating a limit value of reverse power flow power commanded by a power transmission and distribution business operator or the like at an arbitrary timing, and the power management device 300 receives the information from the power transmission and distribution business operator or the like via a communication line. When the power management device 300 receives the reverse power flow suppression command, it is required to suppress the reverse power flow current amount to the specified limit value or less immediately, within the specified time, or by the specified time. .. The reverse power flow suppression command is invalid, for example, when a power transmission and distribution business operator or the like sends an instruction to cancel the command, when the valid period is set in the command, and when the valid period has elapsed. Become. When the reverse power flow suppression command received from the power transmission and distribution business operator is valid (step S505-YES), the planned value generation unit 322 updates the spare capacity of the reverse power flow power based on the reverse power flow suppression command (step S506).

On the other hand, when the reverse power flow suppression command received from the power transmission and distribution company is not valid (step S505-NO), or when the spare capacity of the reverse power flow power is updated based on the reverse power flow suppression command (step S506), the planned value. The generation unit 322 determines the allocation amount of the discharge power to each consumer group according to the smaller of the spare capacity of the reverse power flow power and the spare capacity of the discharge power for each customer group (step S507).

In the example shown in FIG. 11, the power reserve of the reverse power flow is updated based on the monitoring information of the power transmission and distribution system, the reverse power flow reserve information, or the reverse power flow suppression command. At that time, the reverse power flow suppression command and the reverse power flow are updated. Priority is set in the order of spare capacity information and power transmission / distribution system monitoring information. That is, for example, when the reverse power flow suppression command is valid, the power reserve of the reverse power flow updated based on the reverse power flow reserve information and the monitoring information of the transmission / distribution system is updated (overwritten) based on the reverse power flow suppression command. Ru). The spare power of the reverse power flow may be set for each part of the power transmission / distribution system, for example, and in that case, the value is updated for each part according to the priority. Further, the update by any one or two of the monitoring information of the power transmission and distribution system, the reverse power flow reserve information, or the reverse power flow suppression command may be omitted. Further, in the example shown in FIG. 11, the power reserve of the reverse power flow before being assigned to the consumer group is updated based on the monitoring information of the transmission / distribution system, the reverse power flow reserve information, or the reverse power flow suppression command. Therefore, the spare capacity of the reverse power flow for each consumer group is also updated based on the monitoring information of the transmission and distribution system, the reverse power flow reserve information, or the reverse power flow suppression command.

Next, the planned value generation unit 322 determines a control target value of the discharge power of each consumer facility 100 for each consumer group (step S404). In step S404, the planned value generation unit 322 allocates the discharge power allocated to each consumer group in step S403 to each consumer facility 100 belonging to each consumer group for each consumer group. At that time, the planned value generation unit 322 may allocate all of the discharge power allocated to each consumer group to the consumer facility 100 in the consumer group, or may allocate a part of it. Further, the planned value generation unit 322 may allocate the discharge power to all of the consumer facilities 100 having the reserve capacity of the reverse power flow power and the reserve capacity of the discharge power at a predetermined ratio, or the reserve capacity of the reverse power flow power and the discharge power. The discharge power may be allocated to a part of the plurality of consumer facilities 100 having the surplus capacity of the above at a predetermined ratio. In addition, when the size of the discharged power to be allocated or the number of the customer facilities 100 to be allocated is a part, the influence of the change of the discharge power on the distribution network is smaller than the case where the total number is used. be able to. Further, when the discharge power is allocated to a part of the plurality of consumer facilities 100 at a predetermined ratio, the magnitude of the discharge power allocated to each consumer facility 100 is compared with the case where the discharge power is allocated to all at a predetermined ratio. Can be increased. In this case, the conversion efficiency at the time of discharging can be further increased.

Further, at the time of allocating the discharge power to each consumer facility 100 in step S404, the planned value generation unit 322 indicates that, for example, the discharge power allocated to the consumer group is the demand belonging to the consumer group. If the total value of the remaining capacity of the discharge power of the house facility 100 and the total value of the remaining capacity of the reverse power flow power are exceeded, the discharge power is allocated to each customer facility 100 on average or distributed by time. Can be done.

Here, with reference to FIG. 10, an example in which the planned value generation unit 322 allocates the discharge power to each consumer facility 100 for each consumer group will be described. FIG. 10 shows an example in which five consumer facilities 100 belong to a certain consumer group (referred to as consumer group GP01), and a control target value of discharge power is set for each consumer facility 100. In this case, the consumer facility IDs of each consumer facility 100 are A, B, C, D and E (hereinafter, each consumer facility 100 is referred to as consumer facilities A, B, C, D and E). In the example shown in FIG. 10, the consumer facilities A, B, C, D and E are equipped with a photovoltaic power generation device as the power generation device 103, and the power generation capacities (rated values) are 6 kW, 5 kW, 5 kW, 6 kW and 8 kW, respectively. be. Further, the consumer facilities A, B, C, D and E are equipped with a storage battery 104 and have discharge capacities (rated values) of 2 kW, 2 kW, 3 kW, 3 kW and 2 kW, respectively. The rated power (contract power) of the consumer facilities A, B, C, D and E is 7 kW, 6 kW, 8 kW, 8 kW and 9 kW, respectively. The current power generation of the consumer facilities A, B, C, D and E is 5 kW, 4.5 kW, 4.8 kW, 5.2 kW and 7 kW, respectively. The current load power consumption of the consumer facilities A, B, C, D and E is 1 kW, respectively. Further, the charge / discharge power of the current storage batteries 104 of the consumer facilities A, B, C, D and E is 0 kW (not shown). In this case, the current reverse power flow power (= "current power generation power"-"current load power consumption"-"charge / discharge power") is 4 kW for each of the consumer facilities A, B, C, D and E. It is 3.5 kW, 3.8 kW, 4.2 kW and 6 kW. In addition, the surplus power of the current power generation (= "solar power generation capacity"-"current power generation capacity") is 1 kW, 0.5 kW, 0.2 kW for the consumer facilities A, B, C, D and E, respectively. , 0.8 kW and 1 kW. In addition, the remaining capacity of the current reverse power flow (= "rated power"-"current reverse power flow power") is 3 kW, 2.5 kW, 4.2 kW at the consumer facilities A, B, C, D, and E, respectively. 3.8 kW and 3 kW. The current remaining capacity of the discharge power is 2 kW, 2 kW, 3 kW, 3 kW and 2 kW in the consumer facilities A, B, C, D and E, respectively.

Further, in this example, the planned value generation unit 322 allocates the discharge power to the consumer facility 100 (generally 50%) out of the five consumer facilities 100. Further, the allocation of the discharge power to each consumer facility 100 by the planned value generation unit 322 is set to the full capacity of the discharge power as long as it is equal to or less than the power of the reverse power flow.

Further, the method of selecting the three consumer facilities 100 from the five consumer facilities 100 by the plan value generation unit 322 is to select three from the one having the larger surplus capacity of the current generated power as an example. .. Here, the fact that the current power generation capacity is large means that the power generation power may be larger. By allocating the discharge power to the consumer facility 100 where the generated power may change more significantly, even if the generated power actually increases more than expected, the consumer facility 100 reduces the discharge power. It becomes easier to prevent the reverse power flow from exceeding the contracted power. The surplus power of the generated power can also be observed by, for example, the generated voltage of the solar cell module. That is, for example, when the generated voltage is smaller than the rated voltage, it can be estimated that the surplus capacity of the generated power is larger. The allocation of discharge power to each consumer facility 100 belonging to each consumer group is not limited to the order of the largest surplus power of the generated power or the order of the lowest generated voltage. The discharge power may be allocated to each consumer facility 100 in descending order of the generated voltage. In this case, opportunity loss can be avoided.

Under the above conditions, assuming that the consumer group GP01 to which the consumer facilities A, B, C, D and E belong is assigned a control target value of, for example, 10 kW of discharge power, the planned value generation unit 322 first demands. In the house facilities A, B, C, D and E, select the three from the one with the largest surplus power generated at present. In the example shown in FIG. 10, the planned value generation unit 322 selects three, consumer facility A = consumer facility E and consumer facility D, in descending order of the current surplus power generation capacity. Next, the planned value generation unit 322 has a remaining capacity of the current discharge power for the selected consumer facilities A, E, and D so as not to exceed the discharge power of 10 kW allocated to the consumer group GP01. Set the value of. In the example shown in FIG. 10, the planned value generation unit 322 sets the control target of the discharge power of the consumer facility A, the consumer facility E, and the consumer facility D to 2 kW, respectively. Further, the planned value generation unit 322 sets the control target of the discharge power of the remaining two consumer facilities B and the consumer facility C to 0 kW, respectively.

As described above, the power management system 1 of the present embodiment is a system that manages a plurality of consumer groups (groups) to which one or more consumer facilities 100 having at least one of a power generation device 103 and a storage battery 104 belong. It is provided with a planned value generation unit 322 and a power control unit 323. The planned value generation unit 322 assigns the planned value of the discharge power from the storage battery 104 to each group based on the spare capacity of the reverse power flow power for each group, and the discharge power for each consumer facility 100 belonging to each group according to the allocation. Determine the planned value of. The power control unit 323 transmits the planned value of the discharge power determined by the planned value generation unit 322 to each consumer facility 100. According to this configuration, the discharge power can be allocated to a plurality of consumer facilities 100 according to the surplus capacity of the reverse power flow, so that the adjustment power of the power adjustment using the reverse power flow can be easily improved. ..

Further, since the planned value generation unit 322 determines the planned value of the discharge power so as not to exceed the limit value of the reverse power flow power for each consumer facility 100, it is possible to easily avoid adverse effects on the distribution network.

Further, the plan value generation unit 322 determines the planned value of the discharge power so as to allocate the plan of the discharge power from the storage battery 104 assigned to each group to a part of each consumer facility 100 belonging to each group. It is possible to easily avoid a sudden change in the tidal current.

Further, if the consumer group corresponds to the configuration of the distribution network in which the discharged power flows backward, the stability and safety of the distribution network can be more easily ensured.

In this way, by using various facilities such as the hot water storage type water heater 105a, the power generation device 103, and the storage battery 104 of the consumer facility 100, the demand power is smaller than that of a large consumer such as a general house. However, it is possible to secure the power adjustment ability regardless of the time such as summer and winter.

In winter, the power generation device 103 generates power during the daytime, but if it is predicted that the solar power generation on the next day (control target day) will be insufficient, the night before the control target day will be reached. The storage battery 104 may be charged by the purchased power at (midnight). At night (midnight), the demand is less than during the day or in the evening, so it does not overlap with the peak demand on the power system side, so the impact on the power system side can be reduced.

As described above, even in winter or summer, by controlling a plurality of devices in the consumer facility 100, stable adjustment is made throughout the year even for consumers whose power demand is smaller than that of large consumers such as general houses. Can provide power.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where the planned value is generated by the planned value generation unit 322 has been described. However, an instruction to allocate an amount to eliminate the imbalance to each consumer facility 100 and to eliminate the assigned imbalance. May be transmitted from the power management device 300 to the consumer facility controller 200, and the consumer facility controller 200 (for example, the control unit 206) may generate a planned value according to the instructed imbalance value. ..

The power management device 300, the controller 200 in the customer facility, and the like in the above-described embodiment may be realized by a computer. In that case, a program for realizing this function may be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium, and the program recorded on the recording medium may be read by a computer system and executed. The term "computer system" as used herein includes hardware such as an OS and peripheral devices. Further, the "computer-readable recording medium" refers to a portable medium such as a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk, a ROM, or a CD-ROM, and a storage device such as a hard disk built in a computer system. Further, a "computer-readable recording medium" is a communication line for transmitting a program via a network such as the Internet or a communication line such as a telephone line, and dynamically holds the program for a short period of time. It may also include a program that holds a program for a certain period of time, such as a volatile memory inside a computer system that is a server or a client in that case. Further, the above program may be for realizing a part of the above-mentioned functions, and may be further realized for realizing the above-mentioned functions in combination with a program already recorded in the computer system. It may be realized by using a programmable logic device such as FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array).

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and includes designs and the like within a range that does not deviate from the gist of the present invention.

1 Power management system, 10 Power management area, 100 Consumer facility, 101 Electricity meter, 102 Distribution board, 103 Power generator, 104 Storage battery, 105 Load, 105a Hot water storage type water heater, 106 Communication modem, 200 Consumer facility controller , 201 external communication interface, 202 external compatible transmission / reception unit, 203 in-facility communication interface, 204 in-facility compatible transmission / reception unit, 205 power collection unit, 206 control unit, 207 storage unit, 300 power management device, 301 communication unit, 302 control unit. , 303 Storage unit, 320 Calculation unit, 321 Judgment unit, 322 Plan value generation unit, 323 Power control unit, 331 Power generation plan information, 332 Demand plan information, 333 Consumer facility basic information

Claims (7)

A system in which one or more consumer facilities having at least one of a power generation device and a storage battery belong to one or more , and at least one of the consumer facilities to which the consumer facilities belong manages a plurality of groups having a storage battery in the group unit.
The planned value of the discharge power from the storage battery is assigned to each group based on the spare capacity of the reverse power flow power for each group, and the planned value of the discharge power for each consumer facility belonging to the group according to the allocation. The planned value generator that determines
A power management system including a power control unit that transmits a planned value of the discharged power determined by the planned value generation unit to each customer facility. The planned value generation unit totals the difference between the maximum reverse power flow allowed in each customer facility and the reverse power flow from each customer facility for each group, so that the reverse power flow for each group is added up. The power management system according to claim 1, wherein the remaining power is calculated, and the planned value of the discharged power from the storage battery is assigned to each group according to the ratio of the remaining power of the reverse power flow for each group or the remainder after allocation. .. The power management system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the planned value generation unit determines a planned value of the discharge power so as not to exceed the limit value of the reverse power flow power for each customer facility. The plan value generation unit determines the planned value of the discharge power so that the plan of the discharge power from the storage battery assigned to each group is allocated to a part of each customer facility belonging to the group. The power management system according to any one of Items 1 to 3. The power management system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the group corresponds to a configuration of a distribution network in which the discharge power is reverse-flowed. 13. Power management system. A method in which one or more consumer facilities having at least one of a power generation device and a storage battery belong to one or more , and at least one of the consumer facilities to which the consumer facility belongs manages a plurality of groups having a storage battery in the group unit.
The planned value generation unit allocates the planned value of the discharge power from the storage battery to each group based on the spare capacity of the reverse power flow power for each group, and according to the allocation, for each customer facility belonging to the group. Determine the planned value of the discharge power,
A power management method for transmitting a planned value of the discharged power determined by the planned value generation unit to each consumer facility by the power control unit.

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