JP7009464B2 - Dressing method and dressing equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a dressing method and a dressing apparatus .

Conventionally, a grindstone (grindstone) used in a grinding machine is known. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1 and the like).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-226634

By the way, the grindstone becomes clogged with use, and the grinding performance deteriorates. Therefore, dressing work (dressing work) to regenerate the grinding performance may be performed.

In the dressing operation, for example, in a dresser provided with a single stone diamond, a notch (dress groove) smaller than the outer diameter of the grindstone (for example, about several μm to several tens of μm) is generated on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone. Specifically, the dresser is brought into contact with the rotating grindstone, and the operation of moving the dresser in the width direction of the grindstone is performed in a reciprocating manner. According to the dressing work, the outward movement of moving the dresser in the width direction creates a spiral dress groove on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone, and the return movement creates a spiral dress groove that intersects the one dress groove. Other dress grooves are generated. That is, one dress groove and the other dress grooves that intersect each other generate a pyramid having a substantially rhombic bottom surface, that is, a mountain having a substantially quadrangular pyramid shape (hereinafter referred to as a dress mountain).

However, in the grindstone regenerated by the dressing work, the dress ridges generated by the intersection of one dress groove and the other dress groove are located at two angular positions that are 180 ° symmetrical in the circumferential direction (that is, the rotation direction). Is only generated. Then, when grinding using a grindstone, the work material is ground near the top of the dress ridge, so the dress ridge is used for the part that is periodically ground by the dress ridge according to the rotation of the grindstone. The area that cannot be scraped becomes wider, and waviness may occur on the surface of the work material.

Therefore, in view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a technique capable of suppressing the occurrence of chattering and the like on the surface of the work material in grinding.

In order to achieve the above object, in one embodiment,
A dressing method for grindstones used in grinding machines.
A step of forming two or more parallel first spiral grooves on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone by two or more steps having different angular positions at which the dresser starts contacting the grindstone.
By two or more steps at different angular positions at which the dresser initiates contact with the grindstone, two or more parallel second spiral grooves intersecting each of the two or more first spiral grooves on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone. With a process to generate a spiral groove ,
A cone having a diamond-shaped area as a bottom surface surrounded by two dress grooves of the two or more first spiral grooves and two dress grooves of the two or more second spiral grooves. Form four or more in the circumferential direction of the grindstone.
A dressing method is provided.

In addition, it is a dressing device that dresses the grindstone used in the grinding machine.
With a dresser that contacts the outer peripheral surface of the rotating grindstone and creates a spiral groove,
A rotation position detection device that detects the rotation position of the grindstone, and
With the controller
Including
The controller
A step of forming two or more parallel first spiral grooves on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone by two or more steps having different angular positions at which the dresser starts contacting the grindstone.
By two or more steps at different angular positions at which the dresser starts contacting the grindstone, two or more parallel second spiral grooves intersecting each of the two or more first spiral grooves on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone. Perform the process of creating a spiral groove and
A cone having a diamond-shaped area as a bottom surface surrounded by two dress grooves of the two or more first spiral grooves and two dress grooves of the two or more second spiral grooves. It is configured to form four or more in the circumferential direction of the grindstone .
Dressing equipment is provided.

According to the above-described embodiment, it is possible to provide a technique capable of suppressing the occurrence of chattering or the like on the surface of the work material in grinding.

It is a figure which shows typically an example of the structure of the surface grinding machine which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the 1st example of the structure of the dressing apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure explaining the 1st example of the dressing method which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure explaining the 1st example of the dressing method which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure explaining the 1st example of the dressing method which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the grindstone which dressing work was performed by the dressing apparatus which concerns on a comparative example. It is a figure which shows an example of the grindstone which performed the dressing work by the dressing apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure which shows typically the 2nd example of the structure of the dressing apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure which explains the arrangement mode of a dresser concretely. It is a figure explaining the 2nd example of the dressing method which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure explaining the 2nd example of the dressing method which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure explaining the 2nd example of the dressing method which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure explaining the 2nd example of the dressing method which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure explaining the 2nd example of the dressing method which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure explaining the 2nd example of the dressing method which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the 3rd example of the structure of the dressing apparatus which concerns on this embodiment schematically. It is a figure which explains the arrangement mode of a dresser concretely. It is a figure which explains the arrangement mode of a dresser concretely. It is a figure explaining the 3rd example of the dressing method which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure explaining the 3rd example of the dressing method which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure explaining the 3rd example of the dressing method which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the 4th example of the structure of the dressing apparatus which concerns on this embodiment schematically. It is a figure explaining the 4th example of the dressing method which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure explaining the 4th example of the dressing method which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure explaining the 5th example of the dressing method which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure explaining the 5th example of the dressing method which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure explaining the 5th example of the dressing method which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure explaining the processing method using the grindstone which performed the dressing work in the dressing apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the sliding surface to which a plurality of dents generated by the processing method shown in FIG. 15 can be applied. It is a figure which shows typically an example of the structure of the cylindrical grinding machine which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure which shows typically another example of the structure of the cylindrical grinding machine which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure which shows typically an example of the structure of the inner surface grinding machine which concerns on this embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[Structure of surface grinding machine]
First, the surface grinding machine 1 will be described as an example of the grinding machine according to the present embodiment with reference to FIG. 1.

FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the configuration of the surface grinding machine 1 according to the present embodiment.

The surface grinding machine 1 includes a movable table 10, a table guide mechanism 11, a grindstone head 15, a grindstone 16, a guide rail 18, a control device 20, and a display device 40.

In the figure, the X direction represents the moving direction of the movable table 10, the Y direction represents the moving direction of the grindstone head 15 orthogonal to the X direction, and the Z direction is a height orthogonal to the X direction and the Y direction. Represents the direction.

The movable table 10 is provided so as to be movable in the X direction by the table guide mechanism 11, and the work material 12 to be ground is placed on the movable table 10.

The table guide mechanism 11 moves the movable table 10 in the X direction, for example, using a servomotor or the like as a driving force source.

The grindstone head 15 is provided with a grindstone 16 at the lower end thereof, and is attached to the guide rail 18 so as to be movable in the Y direction and move up and down in the Z direction.

The grindstone 16 has a cylindrical shape and is rotatably attached to the lower end portion of the grindstone head 15 so that its central axis is parallel to the Y direction. The grindstone 16 moves in the Y direction and the Z direction together with the grindstone head 15 and rotates to grind the surface of the work material 12. The grindstone 16 is mainly composed of abrasive grains (for example, an alumina abrasive or a diamond abrasive) selected according to the properties of the work material 12, processing accuracy, and the like, and a binder for holding the abrasive grains.

The guide rail 18 moves the grindstone head 15 in the Y direction and the Z direction, for example, using two servomotors or the like as driving force sources.

The control device 20 adjusts the positions of the movable table 10 and the grindstone head 15 and rotates the grindstone 16 to control each part of the surface grinding machine 1 so as to grind the surface of the work material 12. The control device 20 is mainly composed of a computer including, for example, a CPU, RAM, ROM, I / O, and the like.

The display device 40 is, for example, a liquid crystal display or the like. The display device 40 is controlled by the control device 20, and for example, the grinding conditions of the work material 12 and the like are displayed.

[First example of dressing device]
Next, with reference to FIG. 2, a dressing device 100 that performs a dressing operation (sharpening work) of the grindstone 16 used in the surface grinding machine 1 will be described.

FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a first example of the configuration of the dressing device 100 according to the present embodiment.

The dressing device 100 includes a dresser 110, a drive mechanism 120, a rotation mechanism 130, a rotation position detection device 140, and a controller 150.

The dresser 110 comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotating grindstone 16 (that is, the working surface for grinding the work material; hereinafter, may be referred to as a “grinding stone working surface”) to generate a notch (dress groove). The dresser 110 is made of, for example, single stone diamond and has a substantially cylindrical shape, and the tip thereof has a conical shape. The dresser 110 can generate a dress groove having a width smaller than that of the abrasive grains (for example, several μm to several tens of μm).

The drive mechanism 120 uses, for example, two servomotors as driving force sources, and has the dresser 110 (specifically, the holding member holding the dresser 110) in the left-right direction (positive direction and negative direction of the X-axis in the figure) and Move in the vertical direction (positive and negative directions of the Z axis in the figure). The drive mechanism 120 includes, for example, a ball screw mechanism, a rack and pinion mechanism, and the like. The drive mechanism 120 adjusts the left-right position and the up-down position in response to a control command from the controller 150. As a result, in the contact state (depth of the dress groove) between the dresser 110 and the outer peripheral surface (grinding stone working surface) of the grindstone 16 attached to the rotating shaft 131 described later, and in the width direction of the grindstone 16 (left-right direction in the figure). The contact position can be controlled.

The rotation mechanism 130 rotates the grindstone 16 attached to the rotation shaft 131 at a predetermined rotation speed, for example, using a servomotor or the like as a driving force source.

The rotation position detection device 140 is, for example, a rotary encoder, and detects the rotation position (angle position) of the grindstone 16 attached to the rotation shaft 131. The rotation position detection device 140 is communicably connected to the controller 150, and the detection signal corresponding to the detected angular position of the grindstone 16 is transmitted to the controller 150.

The controller 150 transmits a control command to the drive mechanism 120, and controls the left-right position and the up-down position of the dresser 110 which is moved up / down / left / right by the drive mechanism 120. The controller 150 is mainly composed of a computer including, for example, a CPU, RAM, ROM, I / O, and the like. The controller 150 can control the contact state (depth of the dress groove) between the dresser 110 and the outer peripheral surface (grinding stone working surface) of the grindstone 16 by adjusting the vertical position of the drive mechanism 120. Further, the controller 150 controls the left-right position of the dresser 110 (contact position in the width direction of the grindstone 16) while synchronizing with the angular position of the grindstone 16 based on the detection signal received from the rotation position detection device 140.

[First example of dressing method]
Next, a dressing method using the dressing device 100 shown in FIG. 2 (first example of the dressing method according to the present embodiment) will be described with reference to FIGS. 3A to 3C.

3A to 3C are diagrams illustrating a first example of the dressing method according to the present embodiment. Specifically, the operation of the dressing device 100 shown in FIG. 2 is shown.

As will be described later, the dressing device 100 repeats the step of reciprocating the dresser 110 between the left and right ends of the grindstone 16 attached to the rotating shaft 131 while contacting the dresser 110 with the rotating grindstone 16. 3A to 3C are development views of the outer peripheral surface (grinding stone working surface) of the grindstone 16 showing the mode of forming the dress groove in the first step to the third step, respectively.

In FIGS. 3B and 3C, the dress grooves generated in the previous steps are represented by dotted lines, and the dress grooves 202, 212 and dress grooves 203, 213 generated in the second step and the third step are solid lines, respectively. It is represented by. Further, each step of the first step to the third step is performed by first moving the dresser 110 from the left end to the right end of the grindstone 16, and then moving the dresser 110 from the right end to the left end. Further, in this example, the moving speed of the dresser 110 in the left-right direction, specifically, the amount of the dresser 110 moving left-right with each rotation of the grindstone 16 (hereinafter referred to as “dress lead”) is the DL of the grindstone 16. It is 1/2 of the width W (that is, dress lead DL = W / 2). Further, the angle position (0 ° to 360 °) of the grindstone 16 is defined in advance, and the rotation position detection device 140 transmits a detection signal corresponding to the angle position to the controller 150. Further, in the figure, the left end position of the grindstone 16 is represented by the coordinate value "0", and the right end position of the grindstone 16 is represented by the coordinate value "W".

In the first step, first, the controller 150 starts contacting the left end position (coordinate value "0") of the grindstone 16 at the angle position "0 °", and the dress lead DL (= W / 2) to the right. ), The drive mechanism 120 is controlled. Subsequently, when the dresser 110 reaches the right end position (coordinates "W") of the grindstone 16, the controller 150 reverses the moving direction of the dresser 110 and moves to the left by the dress lead DL (= W / 2). As such, the drive mechanism 120 is controlled. Specifically, in the controller 150, the dresser 110 starts contacting the right end position (coordinate value "W") of the grindstone 16 at the angle position "0 °", and the dress lead DL (= W / 2) to the left. The drive mechanism 120 is controlled so as to move. Then, the controller 150 controls the drive mechanism 120 and moves the dresser 110 to the left end position (coordinate value "0") of the grindstone 16.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the dresser 110 is sent to the right (upward in FIG. 3A) with the dress lead DL (= W / 2) in the outward path of the first step, so that the angle position of the left end of the grindstone 16 is located. A spiral dress groove 201 is generated on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 16 starting from "0 °" and ending at the angle position "360 °" (= "0 °") at the right end of the grindstone 16. See fill arrow). The dress groove 201 spirally makes two turns around the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 16.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3A, the dresser 110 is sent to the left (downward in FIG. 3A) with the dress lead DL (= W / 2) in the return path of the first step, so that the dresser 110 is sent to the right end of the grindstone 16. A spiral dress groove 211 is generated on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 16 starting from the angular position "0 °" and ending at the angular position "360 °" (= "0 °") at the left end of the grindstone 16. , See black arrow). The dress groove 211 spirally orbits the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 16 twice. Further, the dress groove 211 intersects with the dress groove 201.

In the second step, the controller 150 shifts the phase (angle position of the grindstone 16) from the first step to move the dresser 110. Specifically, in the controller 150, the dresser 110 starts contacting the left end position (coordinate value "0") of the grindstone 16 at the angle position "120 °", and the dress lead DL (= W / 2) to the right starts. The drive mechanism 120 is controlled so as to move. Subsequently, when the dresser 110 reaches the right end position (coordinates "W") of the grindstone 16, the controller 150 reverses the moving direction of the dresser 110 and moves to the left by the dress lead DL (= W / 2). As such, the drive mechanism 120 is controlled. Specifically, in the controller 150, the dresser 110 starts contacting the right end position (coordinate value "W") of the grindstone 16 at the angle position "120 °", and the dress lead DL (= W / 2) to the left. The drive mechanism 120 is controlled so as to move. Then, the controller 150 controls the drive mechanism 120 and moves the dresser 110 to the left end position (coordinate value "0") of the grindstone 16.

As shown in FIG. 3B, the dresser 110 is sent to the right (upward in FIG. 3B) with the dress lead DL (= W / 2) in the outward path of the second step, so that the angle position of the left end of the grindstone 16 is located. A spiral dress groove 202 is generated on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 16 with "120 °" as the starting point and the angular position "120 °" at the right end of the grindstone 16 as the ending point (see the white-painted arrow in the figure). The dress groove 202 spirally orbits the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 16 twice in parallel with the dress groove 201, that is, without intersecting the dress groove 201. On the other hand, the dress groove 202 intersects with the dress groove 211 generated in the first step.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3B, the dresser 110 is sent to the left (downward in FIG. 3B) with the dress lead DL (= W / 2) in the return path of the second step, so that the dresser 110 is sent to the right end of the grindstone 16. A spiral dress groove 212 is generated on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 16 with the angle position "120 °" as the starting point and the angle position "120 °" at the left end of the grindstone 16 as the ending point (see the black arrow in the figure). The dress groove 212 spirally orbits the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 16 in parallel with the dress groove 211, that is, without intersecting the dress groove 211. On the other hand, the dress groove 212 intersects the dress groove 201 generated in the first step and the dress groove 202 generated in the second step (outward route).

In the third step, the controller 150 moves the dresser 110 by further shifting the phase (angle position of the grindstone 16) from the second step. Specifically, in the controller 150, the dresser 110 starts contacting the left end position (coordinate value "0") of the grindstone 16 at the angle position "240 °", and the dress lead DL (= W / 2) to the right starts. The drive mechanism 120 is controlled so as to move. Subsequently, when the dresser 110 reaches the right end position (coordinates "W") of the grindstone 16, the controller 150 reverses the moving direction of the dresser 110 and moves to the left by the dress lead DL (= W / 2). As such, the drive mechanism 120 is controlled. Specifically, in the controller 150, the dresser 110 starts contacting the right end position (coordinate value "W") of the grindstone 16 at the angle position "240 °", and the dress lead DL (= W / 2) to the left. The drive mechanism 120 is controlled so as to move. Then, the controller 150 controls the drive mechanism 120 and moves the dresser 110 to the left end position (coordinate value "0") of the grindstone 16.

As shown in FIG. 3C, the dresser 110 is sent to the right (upward in FIG. 3C) with the dress lead DL (= W / 2) in the outward path of the third step, so that the angle position of the left end of the grindstone 16 is located. A spiral dress groove 203 having a starting point of "240 °" and an end point of the angular position "240 °" at the right end of the grindstone 16 is generated on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 16 (see the white-painted arrow in the figure). The dress groove 203 spirally orbits the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 16 twice in parallel with the dress grooves 201 and 202, that is, without crossing each other. On the other hand, the dress groove 203 intersects the dress groove 211 generated in the first step and the dress groove 212 generated in the second step.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3C, the dresser 110 is sent to the left (downward in FIG. 3C) by the dress lead DL (= W / 2) in the return path of the third step, so that the dresser 110 is sent to the right end of the grindstone 16. A spiral dress groove 213 is generated on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 16 starting from the angular position "240 °" and ending at the angular position "240 °" at the left end of the grindstone 16 (see the black arrow in the figure). The dress groove 213 spirally orbits the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 16 in parallel with the dress grooves 211 and 212, that is, without intersecting the dress groove 213. On the other hand, the dress groove 213 intersects with the dress grooves 201 to 203 generated in the first step to the third step.

As shown in FIG. 3C, the dress grooves 201 to 203 generated in each outward path of the first step to the third step are parallel and evenly spaced (that is, the same pitch DP (= DL / 3)) of the grindstone 16. It is generated spirally on the outer peripheral surface. That is, three dress grooves 201 to 203 are generated on the outer peripheral surface (grinding stone working surface) of the grindstone 16. Further, the dress grooves 211 to 213 generated in each return path of the first step to the third step are parallel and at equal intervals (that is, the same pitch DP (= DL / 3)), and are spiral on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 16. Is generated in. That is, on the outer peripheral surface (grinding stone working surface) of the grindstone 16, three dress grooves 211 to 213 intersecting the dress grooves 201 to 203 are generated.

Further, the dress grooves 201 to 203 and the dress grooves 211 to 213 intersect each other as described above. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3C, a pyramid having a substantially rhombic area as the bottom surface surrounded by two dress grooves of dress grooves 201 to 203 and two dress grooves of dress grooves 211 to 213, that is, , A quadrangular pyramid-shaped mountain (Dress) is generated. The dress ridge corresponds to a portion where the work material 12 is ground by the surface grinding machine 1.

In the present embodiment, the number Z of the pair of multi-row dress grooves (dress grooves 201 to 203 and the dress grooves 211 to 213) is 3, but the number Z may be 2. The above may be done. In such a case, the amount of phase shift may be changed according to the number of rows Z. In the present embodiment, since there are three rows, the phase is changed by "120 °" and the dresser 110 is reciprocated three times. For example, in the case of two rows, the phase is changed by "180 °" and the dresser 110 is changed. Should be reciprocated twice. Further, for example, in the case of 4 rows, the dresser 110 may be reciprocated 4 times by changing the dresser 110 by "90 °". That is, a pair of multi-row dress grooves may be generated by changing the phase by "(360 / Z) °" with respect to the number of rows Z and reciprocating the dresser 110 by Z.

[Action]
Next, with reference to FIGS. 4A and 4B, the grindstone 16 for which the dressing operation was performed by the dressing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 2, that is, the dress grooves 201 to 203 and the dress grooves 211 shown in FIG. 3C. The operation of the grindstone 16 from which 213 is generated will be described.

FIG. 4A is a diagram showing an example of the grindstone 16 in which the dressing work is performed by the dressing device according to the comparative example, and FIG. 4B is an example of the grindstone 16 in which the dressing work is performed by the dressing device 100 according to the present embodiment. It is a figure which shows. Specifically, it is a developed view of the outer peripheral surface (grinding stone working surface) of the grindstone 16.

The dressing device according to the comparative example corresponding to the prior art performs only the first step in the dressing device 100 according to the present embodiment. Further, in order to make the spacing (pitch) of the dress grooves at the same angle position on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 16 the same, the dress lead DLc in the dressing device according to the comparative example is W / 6 (DLc = W / 6). The black circles in the figure schematically represent the apex of Mt. Dress.

As shown in FIG. 4A, one spiral dress groove 201c and the dress groove 201c intersect on the outer peripheral surface (grind stone work surface) of the grindstone 16 which has been dressed by the dressing apparatus according to the comparative example. One spiral dress groove 211c is generated. In the comparative example, as described above, since the dress lead DLc = W / 6, the dress grooves 201c and 211c each make six spiral turns around the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 16. The diamond-shaped dress ridge surrounded by the intersecting dress grooves 201c and 211c has two 180 ° symmetrical angle positions of the grindstone 16, specifically, the angle position "180 °" and the angle position "360 °" (=). At "0 °"), it is generated in a manner of arranging in the width direction. In other words, two dress ridges are lined up per circumference of the outer peripheral surface (grinding stone working surface) of the grindstone 16 in the direction of the dress groove 201c or the dress groove 211c.

As described above, in the grindstone 16 for which the dressing operation is performed by the dressing apparatus according to the comparative example, dress ridges are generated only at two angle positions symmetrical with 180 ° on the outer peripheral surface (grindstone work surface). Therefore, when the grindstone 16 attached to the surface grinding machine 1 rotates to grind the work material 12, the portion of the work material 12 to be ground at a portion other than the vicinity of the two angular positions where the dress ridges are generated. May be rarely ground. Then, the difference between the portion of the work material 12 that has been shaved by the dress pile and the part that has hardly been shaved becomes clear, and there is a possibility that swell or chatter (chatter mark) may occur on the surface of the work material 12. be. That is, there is a possibility that the quality of the work material 12 may deteriorate.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4B, the grindstone 16 for which the dressing operation was performed by the dressing device 100 according to the present embodiment has the three dress grooves 201 to 203 and the three dress grooves 201 to 203 as described above. Three dress grooves 211 to 213 intersecting each of the dress grooves 201 to 203 are generated. Then, due to the intersection of the three dress grooves 201 to 203 and the three dress grooves 211 to 213, the six angular positions (angle positions "60 °", "120 °", "180 °", "240 °" "" , 300 ° ", and" 360 ° "(=" 0 ° ")), it is generated in such a manner that the dress ridges are lined up in the width direction. In other words, 6 (= 2 · Z) dress ridges are lined up per circumference of the outer peripheral surface (grinding stone working surface) of the grindstone 16 in the direction of the dress grooves 201 to 203 or the dress grooves 211 to 213.

Therefore, while the grindstone 16 attached to the surface grinding machine 1 rotates, the dress ridges generated at the six angular positions of the outer peripheral surface (grinding stone working surface) grind the work material 12 from the case of the comparative example. Also, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of waviness, chattering, etc. on the surface of the work material 12. Further, by further increasing the number of rows Z of the pair of multiple dress grooves to be generated (Z ≧ 4), the number of angular positions of the grindstone 16 on which the dress ridges are arranged increases (= 2 · Z). It is possible to further suppress the occurrence of waviness, chattering, etc. on the surface of the work material 12.

The dress lead DL of the pair of dress grooves (that is, the amount of movement in the width direction per circumference of the outer peripheral surface of the grindstones 16 of the dress grooves 201 to 203 and 211 to 213) is more preferably 0.1 mm or more. be. Further, the pitch DP of the pair of multi-row dress grooves (that is, the distance between the adjacent two of the dress grooves 201 to 203 and the adjacent two grindstones of the dress grooves 211 to 213 in the width direction) is higher. It is preferably 0.5 mm or less. However, the pitch DP of the pair of multi-row dress grooves is smaller than the dress lead DL.

[Second example of dressing device]
Next, a second example of the dressing apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing a second example of the configuration of the dressing device 100 according to the present embodiment.

The dressing device 100 according to this example is different from the first example shown in FIG. 2 in that a plurality (three) dressers 111 to 113 are provided in place of the dresser 110.

Hereinafter, the same configurations as those of the dressing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 2 are designated by the same reference numerals, and different portions will be mainly described.

The dressers 111 to 113 are integrally driven by the drive mechanism 120 in the left-right direction (positive and negative directions of the X-axis in the figure) and in the vertical direction (positive and negative directions of the Z-axis in the figure). Hereinafter, a specific arrangement mode of the dressers 111 to 113 will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 6 is a diagram specifically illustrating the arrangement mode of the dressers 111 to 113.

As shown in FIG. 6, the dressers 111 to 113 are arranged side by side in the left-right direction.

The dresser 112 is arranged so as to be shifted to the left by a distance L1 with respect to the left-right position of the dresser 111 (specifically, the left-right position of the tip of the dresser 111 that generates the dress groove). The distance L1 is an addition value of an integral multiple (n times) of the dress read DL and a value obtained by dividing the dress read DL by the number of rows Z (= 3) (L1 = n · DL + DL / Z (n: 1 or more). Integer)). As a result, when the dressers 111 to 113 are integrally moved in the left-right direction by the dress lead DL, the dress groove generated by the dresser 112 is in the width direction of the grindstone 16 with respect to the dress groove generated by the dresser 111. Only DL / 3 is off.

The dresser 113 is arranged so as to be shifted to the left by a distance L2 with respect to the left and right positions of the dresser 111. The distance L2 is an addition value of an integral multiple (m times) of the dress read DL and a value obtained by dividing the multiple of the dress read DL by the number of rows Z (= 3) (L2 = m · DL + 2DL / Z (m :). An integer greater than n)). As a result, when the dressers 111 to 113 are integrally moved in the left-right direction by the dress lead DL, the dress groove generated by the dresser 113 is in the width direction of the grindstone 16 with respect to the dress groove generated by the dresser 111. Only 2DL / 3 shifts.

Since it is necessary to cut a plurality of dress grooves into the abrasive grains of the grindstone 16, the distance (pitch) between the dress grooves is usually set sufficiently smaller than the external dimensions of the dressers 111 to 113. Therefore, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 6, the dressers 111 to 113 cannot be simply arranged by shifting the DL / 3 in the left-right direction.

[Second example of dressing method]
Next, with reference to FIGS. 7 (7A to 7C) and 8 (FIG. 8A to 8C), a dressing method using the dressing device 100 shown in FIG. 5 (second example of the dressing method according to the present embodiment). Will be explained.

7A to 7C and FIGS. 8A to 8C are diagrams illustrating a second example of the dressing method according to the present embodiment. Specifically, the operation of the dressing device 100 shown in FIG. 5 is shown.

The dressing device 100 according to this example is a step of reciprocating between the left and right ends of the grindstone 16 attached to the rotating shaft 131 while contacting the dressers 111 to 113 (at least one) with the rotating grindstone 16. Hereinafter, the "reciprocating step") is performed once. 7A to 7C and FIGS. 8A to 8C are development views of the outer peripheral surface (grinding stone working surface) of the grindstone 16 showing the mode of forming the dress groove in the outward path and the return path in the reciprocating process.

In FIGS. 7B and 7C, the dress groove already generated by another dresser is represented by a dotted line, and the dress groove 202 and the dress groove 203 generated by the dresser 112 and the dresser 113 are represented by a solid line, respectively. Further, in FIGS. 8B and 8C, the dress grooves already generated by the other dressers are represented by dotted lines, and the dress grooves 212 and the dress grooves 213 generated by the dressers 112 and the dressers 111 are represented by solid lines, respectively. Further, the reciprocating step in this example is performed in a flow in which the dressers 111 to 113 are integrally moved from the left end to the right end of the grindstone 16 and then moved from the right end to the left end. Further, in this example, the dress lead DL is 1/2 of the width W of the grindstone 16 (that is, the dress lead DL = W / 2), as in the example of FIGS. 3A to 3C. Further, in this example, it is assumed that n ≧ 2 and m ≧ 4.

In the outbound route of the reciprocating process, the controller 150 starts contact with the left end position (coordinate value "0") of the grindstone 16 at the angle position "0 °" of the dresser 111 on the rightmost side of the dressers 111 to 113. Then, the drive mechanism 120 is controlled so that the dressers 111 to 113 move to the right by the dress lead DL (= W / 2) as a unit. Then, the controller 150 controls the drive mechanism 120 and moves the dresser 113 on the leftmost side of the dressers 111 to 113 to the rightmost position (coordinate value "W").

On the outbound route, first, as shown in FIG. 7A, the dresser 111 creates the dress groove 201. Specifically, the dresser 111 is sent to the right (upward in FIG. 7A) by the dress lead DL (= W / 2), so that the grindstone starts from the angle position "0 °" at the left end of the grindstone 16. A spiral dress groove 201 whose end point is the angle position "360 °" (= "0 °") at the right end of 16 is generated on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 16 (see the white-painted arrow in the figure).

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 7B, the dresser 112 creates the dress groove 202. Specifically, the dresser 112 is sent in the right direction (upward in FIG. 7B) by the dress lead DL (= W / 2), so that the grindstone has a starting point of the angle position "120 °" at the left end of the grindstone 16. A spiral dress groove 202 having an end point of the angle position "120 °" (= "0 °") at the right end of 16 is generated on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 16 (see the white-painted arrow in the figure).

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 7C, the dresser 113 creates the dress groove 203. Specifically, the dresser 113 is sent to the right (upward in FIG. 7C) by the dress lead DL (= W / 2), so that the grindstone starts at the angle position "240 °" at the left end of the grindstone 16. A spiral dress groove 203 ending at the angle position "240 °" (= "0 °") at the right end of 16 is generated on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 16 (see the white-painted arrow in the figure).

Further, in the return route in the reciprocating process, the controller 150 contacts the right end position (coordinate value "W") of the grindstone 16 at the angle position "0 °" of the dresser 113 on the leftmost side of the dressers 111 to 113. The drive mechanism 120 is controlled so that the dressers 111 to 113 move to the left by the dress lead DL (= W / 2) as a unit. Then, the controller 150 controls the drive mechanism 120 and moves the dresser 111 on the rightmost side of the dressers 111 to 113 to the leftmost position (coordinate value "0").

On the return trip, first, as shown in FIG. 8A, the dresser 113 creates the dress groove 211. Specifically, the dresser 113 is sent in the left direction (downward in FIG. 8A) by the dress lead DL (= W / 2), so that the grindstone starts at the angle position "0 °" at the right end of the grindstone 16. A spiral dress groove 211 whose end point is the angle position "360 °" (= "0 °") at the left end of 16 is generated on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 16 (see the black arrow in the figure).

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 8B, the dresser 112 creates the dress groove 212. Specifically, the dresser 112 is sent in the left direction (downward in FIG. 8B) by the dress lead DL (= W / 2), so that the grindstone has a starting point of the angle position "120 °" at the right end of the grindstone 16. A spiral dress groove 212 whose end point is the angle position "120 °" at the left end of 16 is generated on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 16 (see the black arrow in the figure).

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 8C, the dresser 111 creates the dress groove 213. Specifically, the dresser 111 is sent in the left direction (downward in FIG. 8C) by the dress lead DL (= W / 2), so that the grindstone starts from the angle position "240 °" at the right end of the grindstone 16. A spiral dress groove 213 ending at the angle position "240 °" at the left end of 16 is generated on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 16 (see the black arrow in the figure).

In this example, the dressers 113, 112, and 111 sequentially generate the dress grooves 211, 212, and 213 on the return route, but the mode is not limited to this. For example, the dresser 113 may generate the dress groove 213, the dresser 112 may generate the dress groove 211, and the dresser 111 may generate the dress groove 212. Further, for example, the dresser 113 may generate the dress groove 212, the dresser 112 may generate the dress groove 213, and the dresser 111 may generate the dress groove 211.

As described above, according to the dressing method according to this example (that is, the dressing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 5), a pair of multi-row dress grooves (three dress grooves 201 to 203, and three dress grooves 211) similar to those in FIG. 4B are used. ~ 213) can be generated.

Further, according to the dressing method according to this example (that is, the dressing device 100 shown in FIG. 5), since it is only necessary to make a plurality of dressers reciprocate in the left-right direction as a unit, a pair of multi-row dresses can be dressed in a shorter time. Grooves can be created.

In the dressing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 5, three dressers 111 to 113 are provided, but by providing four or more dressers, a pair of four or more multi-row dress grooves may be generated. Further, the dressers 111 to 113 may be integrally reciprocated in the left-right direction a plurality of times to generate a pair of four or more multi-row dress grooves.

[Third example of dressing device]
Next, a third example of the dressing apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 9.

FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing a third example of the configuration of the dressing device 100 according to the present embodiment.

The dressing device 100 according to this example is different from the first example shown in FIG. 2 in that a plurality (three) dressers 111 to 113 are provided in place of the dressers 110, as in the second example shown in FIG. ..

Further, in the dressing device 100 according to this example, each of the dressers 111 to 113 is arranged at different angular positions (positions in the circumferential direction) on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 115 having a rotation axis along the left-right direction. , The first example shown in FIG. 2 and the second example shown in FIG.

Further, the dressing device 100 according to this example is different from the first example shown in FIG. 2 and the second example shown in FIG. 5 in that a rotation position detection device 125 for detecting the rotation position of the rotating body 115 is further provided. ..

Hereinafter, the same configurations as those of the dressing apparatus 100 shown in FIGS. 2 and 5 are designated by the same reference numerals, and different portions will be mainly described.

The dressers 111 to 113 are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 115 having a rotation axis along the left-right direction. Hereinafter, specific arrangement modes of the dressers 111 to 113 will be described with reference to FIGS. 10A and 10B.

10A and 10B are diagrams for specifically explaining the arrangement mode of the dressers 111 to 113. Specifically, FIG. 10A is a view of the rotating body 115 viewed from the left, and FIG. 10B is a view of the rotating body 115 viewed from the front.

In FIG. 10B, the dresser 113 is shown by a dotted line because it is behind the rotating body 115.

As shown in FIG. 10A, the dressers 111 to 113 are arranged at different angular positions (positions in the circumferential direction) on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 115.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10B, the dressers 111 to 113 are arranged at intervals of DL / Z (in this example, the number of rows Z = 3) in the left-right direction, respectively. Specifically, the dresser 112 is arranged so as to be offset by DL / Z to the left, and the dresser 113 is arranged so as to be offset by 2 DL / Z to the left with respect to the left and right positions of the dresser 111.

As will be described later, the rotating body 115 rotates at a sufficiently high rotation speed with respect to the rotation speed of the grindstone 16. Therefore, as shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 10B, when viewed from the side of the grindstone 16 rotating at a relatively low speed, it can be equated with the state in which the dressers 111 to 113 are arranged side by side in the left-right direction.

Returning to FIG. 9, the drive mechanism 120 includes, for example, an additional servomotor and rotationally drives the rotating body 115. The drive mechanism 120 rotates the rotating body 115 at a rotation speed sufficiently higher than the rotation speed of the grindstone 16 by the rotation mechanism 130 (preferably 10 times or more the rotation speed of the grindstone 16 by the rotation mechanism 130). Further, the drive mechanism 120 makes the rotating body 115 provided with the dressers 111 to 113 in the left-right direction (positive direction and negative direction of the X-axis in the figure) and up-down direction (positive direction and negative direction of the Z-axis in the figure). Drive to move.

The rotation position detection device 125 is, for example, a rotary encoder, and detects the rotation position (angle position) of the grindstone 16 of the rotating body 115. The rotation position detection device 125 is communicably connected to the controller 150, and the detection signal corresponding to the detected angular position of the rotating body 115 is transmitted to the controller 150.

The controller 150 transmits a control command to the drive mechanism 120, and controls the left-right position and the up-down position of the rotating body 115 including the dressers 111 to 113 which are moved up, down, left, and right by the drive mechanism 120. Further, the controller 150 confirms that the rotating body 115 is rotating at a sufficiently high speed with respect to the rotation speed of the grindstone 16 based on the detection signal from the rotation position detection device 125, and the drive mechanism 120. To control.

[Third example of dressing method]
Next, a dressing method using the dressing device 100 shown in FIG. 9 (third example of the dressing method according to the present embodiment) will be described with reference to FIGS. 11A to 11C.

11A to 11C are diagrams illustrating a third example of the dressing method according to the present embodiment. Specifically, the operation of the dressing device 100 shown in FIG. 9 is shown.

The dressing device 100 according to this example is a step of reciprocating between the left and right ends of the grindstone 16 attached to the rotating shaft 131 while contacting the dressers 111 to 113 (at least one) with the rotating grindstone 16. Hereinafter, the "reciprocating step") is performed once. 11A to 11C are development views of the outer peripheral surface (grinding stone working surface) of the grindstone 16 showing the mode of forming the dress groove in the outward path in the reciprocating process.

In the outbound route of the reciprocating process, the controller 150 starts contact with the left end position (coordinate value "0") of the grindstone 16 at the angle position "0 °" of the dresser 111 on the rightmost side of the dressers 111 to 113. Then, the drive mechanism 120 is controlled so that the dressers 111 to 113 move to the right by the dress lead DL (= W / 2) as a unit. Then, the controller 150 controls the drive mechanism 120 and moves the dresser 113 on the leftmost side of the dressers 111 to 113 to the rightmost position (coordinate value "W").

As shown in FIG. 11A, first, the dresser 111 starts to generate the dress groove 201. After that, when the grindstone 16 rotates by 120 °, the dresser 112 starts forming the dress groove 202 as shown in FIG. 11B. After that, when the grindstone 16 is further rotated by 120 °, the dresser 113 starts forming the dress groove 203 as shown in FIG. 11C. After that, until the dresser 111 finishes forming the dress groove 201, that is, until the dresser 111 reaches the right end position (coordinate value "W") of the grindstone 16, the dressers 111 to 113 simultaneously make the dress grooves 201 to 203. Generate. Then, after the dresser 111 finishes forming the dress groove 201, when the grindstone 16 rotates 120 °, the dresser 112 finishes forming the dress groove 202, and when the grindstone 16 further rotates 120 °, the dresser 113 rotates the dress groove 203. Is completed, and the three dress grooves 201 to 203 are completed.

Further, in the return route in the reciprocating process, the controller 150 contacts the right end position (coordinate value "W") of the grindstone 16 at the angle position "0 °" of the dresser 113 on the leftmost side of the dressers 111 to 113. The drive mechanism 120 is controlled so that the dressers 111 to 113 move to the left by the dress lead DL (= W / 2) as a unit. Then, the controller 150 controls the drive mechanism 120 and moves the dresser 111 on the rightmost side of the dressers 111 to 113 to the leftmost position (coordinate value "0").

Although not shown, as for the return route, the dressers 111 to 113 simultaneously generate the dress grooves 211 to 213, as in the outward route shown in FIGS. 11A to 11C. Specifically, first, the dresser 113 starts to generate the dress groove 211. After that, when the grindstone 16 rotates by 120 °, the dresser 112 starts forming the dress groove 212. After that, when the grindstone 16 further rotates by 120 °, the dresser 111 starts forming the dress groove 213. After that, until the dresser 113 finishes the generation of the dress groove 211, that is, until the dresser 113 reaches the left end position (coordinate value "0") of the grindstone 16, the dressers 111 to 113 simultaneously make the dress grooves 211 to 213. Generate. Then, after the dresser 113 finishes the generation of the dress groove 211, when the grindstone 16 rotates 120 °, the dresser 112 finishes the generation of the dress groove 212, and when the grindstone 16 further rotates 120 °, the dresser 111 rotates the dress groove 213. Is completed, and the three dress grooves 211 to 213 are completed.

As described above, according to the dressing method according to this example (that is, the dressing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 9), a pair of multi-row dress grooves (three dress grooves 201 to 203, and three dress grooves 211) similar to those in FIG. 4B are used. ~ 213) can be generated.

Further, according to the dressing method according to this example (that is, the dressing device 100 shown in FIG. 9), since it is only necessary to reciprocate a rotating body provided with a plurality of dressers in the left-right direction once, a pair of dressers can be used in a shorter time. A multi-row dress groove can be generated.

Further, according to the dressing method according to this example (that is, the dressing device 100 shown in FIG. 9), since a plurality of dressers are arranged at different angular positions of the rotating body, the distance between the dressers in the left-right direction is minimized (that is, that is). , DL / Z). As a result, the dimension in the left-right direction occupied by the plurality of dressers can be made smaller. That is, the dressing device 100 can be made compact. Further, it is possible to reduce the amount of moving the plurality of dressers (rotating bodies provided with the dressers) in the left-right direction, and it is possible to generate a pair of multi-row dress grooves in a shorter time.

In the dressing device 100 shown in FIG. 9, three dressers 111 to 113 are provided, but by providing four or more dressers at different angular positions (positions in the circumferential direction) of the rotating body 115, a pair of four or more dressers is provided. A multi-row dress groove may be generated. Further, a pair of multi-row dress grooves having four or more rows may be generated by reciprocating the rotating body 115 provided with the dressers 111 to 113 a plurality of times in the left-right direction.

[Fourth example of dressing device]
Next, a fourth example of the dressing apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 12.

FIG. 12 is a diagram schematically showing a fourth example of the configuration of the dressing device 100 according to the present embodiment.

The dressing device 100 according to this example is different from the first example shown in FIG. 2 in that the rotation position detection device 140 is omitted.

Hereinafter, the same configurations as those of the dressing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 2 are designated by the same reference numerals, and different portions will be mainly described.

The controller 150 controls the drive mechanism 120 so that the dressing operation of the grindstone 16 is performed by the dresser 110 by the dress stroke DS and the dress speed V set in advance. Specifically, the controller 150 arranges the dresser 110 at a position corresponding to the preset dress stroke DS, and performs a reciprocating operation in the left-right direction corresponding to the dressing work at the preset dress speed V from the position. Have the dresser 110 perform the dressing 110 a plurality of times (that is, the number of times corresponding to the number of rows of the dress groove generated in the grindstone 16).

The dress speed V is an absolute speed for moving the dresser 110 in the left-right direction, and is different from the dress lead DL that depends on the rotation speed of the grindstone 16. Further, the dress stroke DS is a stroke amount for moving the dresser 110 in the left-right direction in the dressing work of the grindstone 16. Specifically, the dress stroke DS is set to be equal to or larger than the width W of the grindstone 16, and is a value obtained by adding the width W of the grindstone 16 to the amount of idle stroke before contacting the grindstone 16.

[Fourth example of dressing method]
Next, a dressing method using the dressing device 100 shown in FIG. 12 (fourth example of the dressing method according to the present embodiment) will be described with reference to FIGS. 13A and 13B.

13A and 13B are diagrams illustrating a fourth example of the dressing method according to the present embodiment. Specifically, FIG. 13A is a diagram schematically showing the operation of the dresser 110 in the dressing operation of the grindstone 16 by the dressing device 100 shown in FIG. Further, FIG. 13B is an image diagram showing the flow of each step (running step S0, dressing step S1, idle step S2) in the dressing work of the grindstone 16 by the dressing device 100 shown in FIG.

As described above, in the dressing device 100 according to this example, since the rotation position detection device 140 of the grindstone 16 is omitted, the controller 150 cannot synchronize the operation of the dresser 110 with the rotation operation of the grindstone 16. Therefore, in this example, the dress speed V, the dress stroke DS, and the grindstone are used so that a pair of multi-row dress grooves similar to those in FIG. 4B can be generated by simply reciprocating the dresser 110 in the left-right direction. The rotation speed ω is adjusted in advance. Hereinafter, a specific description will be given.

In this example, the dress stroke DS and the dress speed V will be described on the premise that the default values DSd and Vd are provided. Similarly, the description will be made on the premise that the rotation speed ω of the grindstone 16 is provided with the default value ωd.

As shown in FIG. 13A, the dresser 110 is driven by the drive mechanism 120 controlled by the controller 150, and is at a position corresponding to the dress stroke DS, that is, from one end (left end in the figure) to the other end of the grindstone 16 in the width direction. A pair of multi-row dress grooves are generated in the grindstone 16 by reciprocating in the left-right direction with reference to a position (initial position) separated by the dress stroke DS toward (the right end in the figure). Specifically, the dresser 110 moves from the initial position (see the dresser 110 of the solid line or the alternate long and short dash line in the figure) toward the grindstone 16 at a dress speed V under the control of the drive mechanism 120 by the controller 150, and the grindstone 16 moves. When it reaches one end (left end) of (see the dotted dresser 110 in the figure), it folds back and performs a reciprocating process of moving to the initial position at the dress speed V multiple times (that is, only for the number of rows of the pair of dress grooves). ..

At this time, as shown in FIG. 13B, in the moving step of the dresser 110, the approach step S0 before contacting the grindstone 16 from the initial position, and reciprocating in the width direction while contacting the grinding work surface (outer peripheral surface) of the grindstone 16. The dressing step S1 includes a free running step S2 of returning to the initial position from one end (right end) of the grindstone 16 and turning back from the initial position until reaching one end (right end) of the grindstone 16. After the first run-up step S0, the dresser 110 creates a pair of multi-row dress grooves while repeating the reciprocating step including the dressing step S1 and the idle run step S2.

Here, when a pair of multi-row dress grooves having the number of rows Z is generated, the dress grooves generated in the second and subsequent reciprocating steps are 2π / with respect to the dress grooves generated in the previous reciprocating step. Z [rad], that is, it is necessary to shift the phase by the circumferential pitch θ of the multi-row dress groove. That is, the angle position at which the contact with the grindstone 16 starts in a certain reciprocating process needs to be deviated by the circumferential pitch θ of the multi-row dress groove from the angle position at which the contact with the grindstone 16 started at the beginning of the previous reciprocating process. There is. Hereinafter, the difference between the angle position where the contact with the grindstone 16 starts in a certain reciprocating step and the angle position where the contact with the grindstone 16 starts at the beginning of the previous reciprocating step, that is, the circumferential direction of the grindstone 16 caused by the reciprocating step. The phase difference converted to one rotation (2π [rad]) is referred to as the phase difference φ caused by the reciprocating process.

The phase difference φ [rad] generated by the reciprocating process can be expressed by the following equation (1) using the rotation speed N of the grindstone 16 during the reciprocating process.

φ = {N-int (N)} ・ 2π ・ ・ ・ (1)

Int (N) indicates an integer part of the rotation speed N.

The rotation speed N of the grindstone 16 during the reciprocating process can be expressed by the following equation (2) using the rotation speed ω of the grindstone 16 and the required time T of the reciprocating process.

N = ωT ・ ・ ・ (2)

Further, the required time T of the reciprocating process can be expressed by the following equation (3) using the dress speed V and the dress stroke DS.

T = 2DS / V ... (3)

Therefore, the rotation speed N of the grindstone 16 during the reciprocating step is calculated by the following equation (4) using the rotation speed ω, the dress speed V, and the dress stroke DS of the grindstone 16 from the equations (2) and (3). Can be represented.

N = 2ω ・ DS / V ・ ・ ・ (4)

According to the equations (1) and (4), the phase difference φ generated by the reciprocating process can be expressed by using the rotation speed ω, the dress speed V, and the dress stroke DS of the grindstone 16. That is, the phase difference φ can be adjusted by adjusting at least one of the rotation speed ω, the dress speed V, and the dress stroke DS of the grindstone 16.

Assuming that the rotational speed ω, dress speed V, and dress stroke DS of the grindstone 16 are the default values Vd, DSd, and ωd, the phase difference φ is the circumferential pitch θ (= 2π /) of the multi-row dress groove as described above. If it is equal to Z), the controller 150 causes the dresser 110 to perform the reciprocating step (that is, the dressing step S1 in FIG. 13B and the solid free running step S2) by the number of rows Z in the default state. It is possible to generate a pair of multi-row dress grooves as shown in 4 (b).

On the other hand, when there is a difference between the phase difference φ caused by the reciprocating process and the circumferential pitch θ of the multi-row dress groove, the phase difference φ caused by the reciprocating process and the circumferential pitch θ of the multi-row dress groove should be equal. In addition, it is necessary to change at least one of the rotation speed ω, the dress speed V, and the dress stroke DS of the grindstone 16 from the default values Vd, DSd, and ωd.

For example, the dress stroke DS is changed by the dress stroke conversion correction amount ΔX (see FIGS. 13A and 13B) corresponding to the phase difference correction amount Δφ (= φ−θ) obtained by subtracting the circumferential pitch θ from the phase difference φ. Therefore, the phase difference φ and the circumferential pitch θ of the multi-row dress groove can be made equal. The dress stroke conversion correction amount ΔX is expressed by the following equation (5) using the dress speed V and the rotation speed ω of the grindstone 16.

ΔX = (V / 2ω) ・ Δφ ・ ・ ・ (5)

Therefore, by changing the setting of the dress stroke DS to the value obtained by adding the dress stroke conversion correction amount ΔX to the default value DSd (corrected dress stroke value DSc), the controller 150 simply corresponds to the dress stroke DS (= DSc). A reciprocating step (that is, a dressing step S1 and a dotted line idle step S2 in FIG. 13B) is performed on the dresser 110 at a dressing speed V (= Vd) from the initial position (see the dresser 110 of the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 13A). A pair of multi-dashed dress grooves can be formed in the grindstone 16 simply by forming the grindstone 16.

In this example, the dress stroke DS is changed from the default value DSd, but by changing the dress speed V and the rotation speed ω of the grindstone 16 from the default values Vd and ωd, the phase difference φ and the multi-row dress groove can be changed. The circumferential pitch θ may be equal to each other. Further, in the idle running step S2, the phase difference φ and the circumferential pitch θ of the multi-row dress groove are made equal by temporarily stopping the operation of the dresser 110 for a time corresponding to the phase difference correction amount Δφ. good. That is, in the idle running step S2, a dwell time corresponding to the phase difference correction amount Δφ may be provided. Further, in this example, the dress stroke DS and the like are changed based on the default state, but the grindstone 16 is appropriately adjusted so that the phase difference φ and the circumferential pitch θ of the multi-row dress groove become equal within a predetermined range. The rotation speed ω, the dress speed V, and the dress stroke DS may be adjusted.

As described above, in this example, the rotation speed ω, the dress speed V, and the dress stroke of the grindstone 16 are equal so that the phase difference φ generated by the reciprocating process and the circumferential pitch θ (= 2π / Z) of the multi-row dress groove are equal. Set the DS in advance. As a result, the controller 150 can generate a pair of multi-row dress grooves without using the rotation position detection device 140.

[Fifth example of dressing method]
Next, a fifth example of the dressing method by the dressing device 100 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 14A to 14C.

In this example, as in the first to fourth examples of the dressing method described above, the dressing device 100 generates a pair of multi-row dress grooves on the grinding work surface of the grindstone 16, and the generated pair of multi-row dress grooves. The same dressing work is performed one or more times in the manner of tracing.

For example, in the case of the first to third examples of the dressing device 100 according to the above-described embodiment, the controller 150 determines the angular position of the grindstone 16 and the left and right positions of the dresser 110 based on the detection signal of the rotation position detection device 140. By appropriately synchronizing (contact position in the width direction of the grindstone 16), the dresser 110 is made to perform the second and subsequent dressing operations in a manner of tracing the pair of multi-row dress grooves generated in the first dressing operation. be able to. Further, for example, in the case of the dressing device 100 according to the fourth example according to the above-described embodiment, the rotational speed ω and the dress speed of the grindstone 16 are preliminarily equal to each other so that the phase difference φ and the circumferential pitch θ of the multi-row dress groove are equal. V and dress stroke DS may be set in advance. As a result, the controller 150 simply causes the dresser 110 to perform the reciprocating process at the dressing speed V from the initial position corresponding to the dress stroke DS, and the pair of multi-row dress grooves generated in the first dressing operation. The dressing 110 can be made to perform the dressing work for the second time and thereafter in the manner of tracing.

14A to 14C are views showing a fourth example of a dressing method using the dressing device 100 according to the present embodiment. Specifically, FIGS. 14A to 14C are formed by further performing a dressing operation in a manner of tracing a pair of multi-row dress grooves generated in the first dressing operation in the second and subsequent dressing operations. It is a figure which shows the change of the dressing groove to be made. More specifically, FIG. 14A is a diagram schematically showing the depth of the dress groove generated by the first dressing operation, and FIG. 14B is a diagram showing the depth of the dress groove after the second dressing operation. FIG. 14C is a diagram schematically showing the depth of the dress groove after the N (≧ 3) dressing operation.

For example, as shown in FIG. 14A, in the first dressing operation, the contact depth (cutting amount) between the grinding work surface of the grindstone 16 and the dresser 110 is set to a relatively small value (for example, about 10 μm, preferably less than 10 μm). ), A pair of relatively shallow multi-row dress grooves are generated. If the depth of cut in one dressing operation is relatively large in an attempt to generate a relatively deep groove at once, the abrasive grains will break (crushing phenomenon), or the binder will not be able to withstand the cutting force and the abrasive grains will fall off (the phenomenon). This is because there is a high possibility that a deep dress groove cannot be obtained due to a dropout phenomenon) or the like.

Then, as shown in FIGS. 14B and 14C, the second and subsequent dressing operations are performed so as to trace the dress groove generated in the first dressing operation. Also in the second dressing operation, as described above, the cutting amount of the dresser 110 with respect to the grinding work surface of the grindstone 16 is set to be relatively small in order to suppress the crushing phenomenon and the falling phenomenon. As a result, the depth of each of the pair of dress grooves of the grindstone 16 gradually becomes deeper as the dressing work is repeated.

As described above, in this example, a pair of relatively deep dress grooves are traced, and the dressing work is further performed to suppress the occurrence of crushing phenomenon, dropping phenomenon, and the like. Multiple dress grooves can be generated. Specifically, one dressing operation can only generate a dressing groove having a depth of less than 10 μm, and a maximum depth of about 20 μm to 30 μm. According to this example, the dressing groove is very large, exceeding 100 μm. Deep dressing grooves can be generated. Therefore, since the grindstone 16 for which the dressing operation has been performed by the dressing method of this example has a very deep groove, the grinding powder can be discharged to the outside of the grindstone via the deep dressing groove. Therefore, the occurrence of clogging of the grindstone 16 can be suppressed, and the interval for performing the dressing work (that is, the period between the dressing work and the next dressing work) can be relatively long.

[Processing method using a grindstone with a pair of multi-row dress grooves formed]
Next, with reference to FIGS. 15 and 16, a method of processing the work material 12 using the grindstone 16 in which a pair of multi-row dress grooves are generated by the dressing method according to the present embodiment will be described.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of a processing method using a grindstone 16 for which dressing work has been performed by the dressing device 100 according to the present embodiment. Specifically, FIG. 15 shows a periodic dent on the surface of the work material 12 by using a surface grinding machine 1 equipped with a grindstone 16 for which dressing work has been performed by the dressing device 100 according to the present embodiment. It is a side view which shows the situation to form.

In this example, a pair of four-row dress grooves (number of rows Z = 4) are formed in the grindstone 16.

As shown in FIG. 15, when the movable table 10 moves in the X direction (left direction in the drawing), the work material 12 is fed in the X direction, and the surface of the work material 12 is ground by the rotating grindstone 16. Has been done.

As described above, on the grinding work surface of the grindstone 16, dress ridges 16A having twice the number of rows Z (in this example, eight dress ridges twice the number of rows 4) 16A are formed in the circumferential direction. Therefore, the distance (that is, the movable table 10) that the work material 12 is sent in the X direction during one rotation of the grindstone 16 when viewed microscopically on the surface (ground surface) of the work material 12 A continuous depression 12A of 2.Z corresponding to the dress ridge 16A of 2.Z (= 8) formed on the outer periphery of the grindstone 16 is formed between the moving distances L.

The control device 20 of the surface grinding machine 1 repeatedly reciprocates the movable table 10 while synchronizing the position of the movable table 10 in the X direction with the angular position of the grindstone 16 so as to cover the dress ridge 16A of the grindstone 16. The portion of the periodic recess 12A formed in the cutting material 12 can be repeatedly ground. Therefore, the surface grinding machine 1 is used to form a periodic recess 12A having a relatively large depth (for example, a depth of several tens of μm to several hundreds of μm) in the feed direction in the work material 12. be able to.

The moving distance L of the movable table 10 per rotation of the grindstone 16 is expressed by the following equation (6) using the moving speed Vt of the movable table 10 and the rotation speed ωg of the grindstone 16.

L = Vt / ωg ・ ・ ・ (6)

Further, the feed direction of the periodic recess 12A formed in the work material 12, that is, the pitch p in the X direction is expressed by the following equation (7).

p = L / 2Z ... (7)

For example, when the moving speed Vt of the movable table 10 and the rotation speed ωg of the grindstone 16 are the conditions of the following equations (8) and (9), the moving distance L of the movable table 10 per rotation of the grindstone 16 is as follows. It is calculated as in the equation (10) of.

Vt = 40 [m / min] ・ ・ ・ (8)
ωg = 1000 [rpm] ・ ・ ・ (9)
L = 0.04 [m] ・ ・ ・ (10)

Therefore, the pitch p of the periodic depression 12A formed in the work material 12 is calculated by the following equation (11) when the number of rows Z = 4.

p = 0.04 / 2.4 = 0.005 [m] = 5 [mm] ... (11).

Similarly, for example, when a pair of 10 dress grooves are formed in the grindstone 16, that is, when the number of rows Z = 10, the pitch p becomes even shorter and is 2 [mm]. Further, for example, even when two pairs of dresses are formed on the grindstone 16, that is, even when the number of rows Z = 2, the pitch p is 10 [mm].

In this way, the processing method according to this example, that is, while synchronizing the dress ridge of the grindstone 16 with the dent 12A formed on the surface of the work material 12, the dent 12A of the work material 12 is formed at the dress ridge of the grindstone 16. By repeatedly grinding the portion, it has a relatively large depth (for example, in the range of 10 μm or less, preferably a depth of several tens of μm to several hundreds of μm), and a relatively small minute pitch p, that is, Periodically continuous recesses 12A having a pit length (for example, in the range of 10 mm or less, preferably 5 mm or less) can be formed on the surface to be ground of the work material 12.

As described above, the periodically continuous recess 12A formed by the machining method according to this example has a small pit length and a relatively large depth, so that the dynamic pressure sliding guide surface (sliding surface) of the machine tool is used. ), It is suitable for use as an oil reservoir for lubricating oil.

For example, FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of a sliding surface (dynamic pressure sliding guide surface) to which a plurality of recesses 12A generated by the processing method shown in FIG. 15 can be applied. Specifically, FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view in the X direction showing an example of the detailed structure of the movable table 10 in the surface grinding machine 1.

As shown in FIG. 16, the movable table 10 includes a movable table main body 10A and guided leg portions 10B provided at both ends of the lower surface of the movable table main body in the Y direction.

The guided leg portion 10B is arranged on a guide rail 14 as a fixing portion provided on the surface grinding machine 1.

The lower surface of the guided leg portion 10B, that is, the sliding surface 10BS slides with the guide rail surface 14S (an example of the fixed surface) of the guide rail 14 as the movable table 10 moves in the X direction. That is, the sliding surface 10BS of the guided leg portion 10B corresponds to the dynamic pressure sliding guide surface. Therefore, by applying the processing method shown in FIG. 15 to the sliding surface 10BS of the guided leg portion 10B, a relatively large depth and a relatively small minute amount are continuously formed in the moving direction of the movable table 10. A plurality of pit length recesses 12A can be provided. As a result, in the stationary state of the movable table 10, the static frictional force between the sliding surface 10BS and the guide rail surface 14S tends to increase, and the accuracy of positioning and the like tends to deteriorate. Therefore, the sliding resistance can be reduced and the accuracy can be improved. Further, normally, in order to form an oil pool on the dynamic pressure slip guide surface, it is necessary to manually scrape the surface, and the processing efficiency becomes very low. Therefore, the surface grinding machine 1 automatically performs a plurality of dents. Since 12A can be formed, the processing efficiency can be greatly improved.

[Construction of cylindrical grinding machine]
Next, a cylindrical grinding machine will be described as another example of the grinding machine according to the present embodiment with reference to FIGS. 17 and 18.

FIG. 17 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the configuration of the cylindrical grinding machine according to the present embodiment. In the figure, the X direction and the Y direction represent the horizontal direction, and the Z direction represents the height direction orthogonal to the X direction and the Y direction. Further, in the figure, the θ1 direction represents the rotation direction of the grindstone 16, and the θ2 direction represents the rotation direction of the work material 52.

The cylindrical grinding machine according to this example is a flat surface shown in FIG. 1 in that a rotating grindstone 16 is applied to a cylindrical work material 52 instead of the plate-shaped work material 12 to grind the outer peripheral surface thereof. It is different from the grinding machine 1.

Hereinafter, the same configurations as those of the surface grinding machine 1 shown in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and different portions will be mainly described.

The cylindrical grinding machine grinds the outer peripheral surface of the work material 52 by the grindstone 16 by rotating the work material 52 rotatably supported at both ends in the θ2 direction and rotating the grindstone 16 in the θ1 direction. ..

Also in this example, since the grindstone 16 having the same configuration as that of the surface grinding machine 1 shown in FIG. 1 is provided, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of swelling and chattering on the surface of the work material 52.

FIG. 18 is a diagram schematically showing another example of the configuration of the cylindrical grinding machine according to the present embodiment. In the figure, the X direction and the Y direction represent the horizontal direction, and the Z direction represents the height direction orthogonal to the X direction and the Y direction. Further, in the figure, the θ1 direction represents the rotation direction of the grindstone 16, the θ2 direction represents the rotation direction of the work material 52, and the θ3 direction represents the rotation direction of the adjusting wheel 67.

The cylindrical grinding machine according to this example includes a grindstone 16, an adjusting wheel 67, and a support blade 68, and the grindstone 16 and the adjusting wheel 67 rotate and support the cylindrical work material 52 by the adjusting wheel 67 and the support blade 68. It differs from the example shown in FIG. 17 in that the work material 52 is sandwiched and the outer peripheral surface of the work material 52 is ground.

Hereinafter, the same configurations as those of the cylindrical grinding machine shown in FIG. 17 are designated by the same reference numerals, and different portions will be mainly described.

The adjusting wheel 67 has a cylindrical shape and is arranged so that its central axis is parallel to the Y direction. The adjusting wheel 67 is rotatably supported and rotates in, for example, the θ3 direction using a servomotor or the like as a driving force source.

The support blade 68 supports the work material 52 from below. The support blade 68 is arranged below the arrangement area of the work material 52 between the grindstone 16 and the adjusting wheel 67.

Also in this example, since the grindstone 16 having the same configuration as that of the surface grinding machine 1 shown in FIG. 1 is provided, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of swelling and chattering on the surface of the work material 52.

[Structure of internal grinding machine]
Next, with reference to FIG. 19, an inner surface grinding machine will be described as still another example of the grinding machine according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 19 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the configuration of the inner surface grinding machine according to the present embodiment. In the figure, the X direction and the Y direction represent the horizontal direction, and the Z direction represents the height direction orthogonal to the X direction and the Y direction. Further, in the figure, the θ1 direction represents the rotation direction of the grindstone 16, and the θ2 direction represents the rotation direction of the work material 72.

The inner surface grinding machine according to this example is provided with a grindstone 16 and a grindstone rotation shaft 77, and a grindstone 16 rotating together with the grindstone rotation shaft 77 is applied to the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical work material 72, and the inside of the work material 72. It differs from the surface grinding machine 1 shown in FIG. 1 in that the peripheral surface is ground.

Hereinafter, the same configurations as those of the surface grinding machine 1 shown in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and different portions will be mainly described.

The inner surface grinding machine rotates the work material 72 rotatably supported with the Y direction as the rotation axis by a magnet or the like in the θ2 direction, and rotates the grindstone 16 in the θ1 direction to rotate the inner circumference of the work material 72. The surface is ground with a grindstone 16.

Also in this example, since the grindstone 16 having the same configuration as that of the surface grinding machine 1 shown in FIG. 1 is provided, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of swelling and chattering on the surface of the work material 72.

Although the embodiment for carrying out the present invention has been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to such a specific embodiment and varies within the scope of the gist of the present invention described in the claims. Can be transformed / changed.

This international application claims priority based on Taiwan Patent Application No. 106116131 filed on May 16, 2017, and the entire contents of this application shall be incorporated into this international application.

1 Surface grinding machine 10 Movable table 10A Movable table body 10B Guided leg 10BS Sliding surface 12 Work material 14 Guide rail 14S Guide rail surface (fixed surface)
15 Grinding stone head 16 Grinding stone 18 Guide rail 20 Control device 40 Display device 100 Dressing device 110, 111, 112, 113 Dresser 115 Rotating body 120 Drive mechanism 125 Rotation position detector 130 Rotation mechanism 131 Rotation axis 140 Rotation position detector 150 Controller 201 ~ 203 Dress groove (first spiral groove)
211-213 Dress groove (second spiral groove)

Claims (7)

A dressing method for grindstones used in grinding machines.
A step of forming two or more parallel first spiral grooves on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone by two or more steps having different angular positions at which the dresser starts contacting the grindstone.
By two or more steps at different angular positions at which the dresser initiates contact with the grindstone, two or more parallel second spiral grooves intersecting each of the two or more first spiral grooves on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone. With a process to generate a spiral groove ,
A cone having a diamond-shaped area as a bottom surface surrounded by two dress grooves of the two or more first spiral grooves and two dress grooves of the two or more second spiral grooves. Form four or more in the circumferential direction of the grindstone.
Dressing method. The depth of the first spiral groove and the second spiral groove is at least 10 μm or more.
The dressing method according to claim 1. Controlling the left-right position of the dresser in contact with the grindstone while synchronizing with the rotation position of the grindstone.
The dressing method according to claim 1. In the embodiment of tracing the generated two or more first spiral grooves and the two or more second spiral grooves, a step of further generating the first spiral groove and the generation of the second spiral groove. Perform the process of
The dressing method according to claim 3. A dressing device that dresses grindstones used in grinding machines.
With a dresser that contacts the outer peripheral surface of the rotating grindstone and creates a spiral groove,
A rotation position detection device that detects the rotation position of the grindstone, and
With the controller
Including
The controller
A step of forming two or more parallel first spiral grooves on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone by two or more steps having different angular positions at which the dresser starts contacting the grindstone.
By two or more steps at different angular positions at which the dresser starts contacting the grindstone, two or more parallel second spiral grooves intersecting each of the two or more first spiral grooves on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone. Perform the process of creating a spiral groove and
A cone having a diamond-shaped area as a bottom surface surrounded by two dress grooves of the two or more first spiral grooves and two dress grooves of the two or more second spiral grooves. It is configured to form four or more in the circumferential direction of the grindstone .
Dressing equipment. The controller is configured to control the left-right position of the dresser while synchronizing with the rotation position of the grindstone based on the detection signal received from the rotation position detection device.
The dressing apparatus according to claim 5. The controller traces the generated two or more first spiral grooves and the two or more second spiral grooves, and further generates the first spiral groove and the second spiral groove. It is configured to control the dresser to perform the step of creating a spiral groove.
The dressing apparatus according to claim 6.

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