JP7034697B2 - Filtration processing equipment and its operation method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a filtration processing apparatus using a plurality of reverse osmosis membrane modules and an operation method thereof.

As the membrane separation used for the filtration treatment, the membrane separation of microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) is adopted as disclosed in Patent Document 1, but recent environmental regulations and wastewater reuse There is a demand for reduction of environmental load such as zero emission, and further improvement of treated water quality is desired.

As disclosed in Patent Document 1, there is a membrane module for filtration treatment, which is formed so that the tubular membrane element as a whole becomes one tubular membrane element, and the shape thereof is hard to be clogged. Filtration by cross-flow method is performed by taking advantage of the above, and separation and concentration treatment of solutions in the fields of high-viscosity / high-turbidity undiluted solution, oil-containing wastewater, fruit juice, food process liquid, medium water / sewage / wastewater treatment, which are difficult to treat. It is preferably used for volume reduction treatment of wastewater.

Further, as the filtration treatment device, it is desired that stable filtration treatment operation can be performed and that the structure of the filtration treatment device is simple.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2002-228657

An object of the present invention is to provide a filtration treatment device using a plurality of reverse osmosis membrane modules, which has a simple structure of the filtration treatment device and can perform a stable filtration treatment operation, and an operation method thereof.

The present invention is a means of solving a problem.
A filtration treatment device including a water tank to be treated, a plurality of reverse osmosis membrane modules, and a filtered water tank (n is a positive integer of 4 to 10 in the following, and n is the same number in one filtration treatment device. ),
The reverse osmosis membrane module is one in which a plurality of tubular membrane elements of the reverse osmosis membrane are housed in a tubular outer casing.
The tubular outer casing has an inlet for water to be treated, an outlet for concentrated water, and an outlet for filtered water.
The plurality of tubular membrane elements are formed so that both ends thereof are connected so as to allow water to pass through and become one tubular membrane element as a whole, and the first end of the one tubular membrane element. The opening is connected to the water inlet to be treated, and the second end opening opposite to the first end opening is connected to the concentrated water outlet.
The reverse osmosis membrane module is composed of a combination of n reverse osmosis membrane modules in total from the first reverse osmosis membrane module to the nth reverse osmosis membrane module.
Provided is a filtration processing apparatus in which the combinations from the first reverse osmosis membrane module to the nth reverse osmosis membrane module are combined as in the following first to nth stages.
(1st stage)
The first water inlet of the first reverse osmosis membrane module and the water tank to be treated are connected by a water line to be treated.
The first concentrated water outlet of the first reverse osmosis membrane module and the second water inlet of the second reverse osmosis membrane module are connected by the first concentrated water line.
The first filtered water outlet of the first reverse osmosis membrane module and the filtered water tank are connected by a first filtered water line.
(From the 2nd stage to the n-1th stage)
The concentrated water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane module in the previous stage and the water inlet to be treated in the reverse osmosis membrane module are connected by the concentrated water line in the previous stage.
The concentrated water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane module and the water inlet of the next reverse osmosis membrane module are connected by a concentrated water line.
The filtered water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane module and the filtered water tank are connected by a filtered water line.
(Nth stage)
The n-1 concentrated water outlet of the n-1 reverse osmosis membrane module and the nth water inlet of the nth reverse osmosis membrane module are connected by the n-1 concentrated water line.
The nth concentrated water outlet of the nth reverse osmosis membrane module and the water tank to be treated are connected by the nth concentrated water line.
The nth filtered water outlet of the nth reverse osmosis membrane module and the filtered water tank are connected by the nth filtered water line.

Further, the present invention is the above-described method for operating the filtration processing device.
An operation method of a filtration treatment apparatus having a step of passing the water to be treated in the water to be treated tank in the order of the first reverse osmosis membrane module to the nth reverse osmosis membrane module and filtering by each reverse osmosis membrane module. offer.

The filtration processing apparatus of the present invention comprises a combination of one to n reverse osmosis membrane modules. n is a positive integer from 4 to 10, and in one filtration processing device, n indicates the same number.
In the filtration processing apparatus of the present invention, for example, when n = 4, they are combined as follows.
(1st stage)
The first water inlet of the first reverse osmosis membrane module and the water tank to be treated are connected by a water line to be treated.
The first concentrated water outlet of the first reverse osmosis membrane module and the second water inlet of the second reverse osmosis membrane module are connected by the first concentrated water line.
The first filtered water outlet of the first reverse osmosis membrane module and the filtered water tank are connected by a first filtered water line.
(2nd stage)
The second concentrated water outlet of the second reverse osmosis membrane module and the third water inlet of the third reverse osmosis membrane module are connected by a second concentrated water line.
The second filtered water outlet of the second reverse osmosis membrane module and the filtered water tank are connected by a second filtered water line.
(3rd stage)
The third concentrated water outlet of the third reverse osmosis membrane module and the fourth water inlet of the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module are connected by a third concentrated water line.
The third filtered water outlet of the third reverse osmosis membrane module and the filtered water tank are connected by a third filtered water line.
(4th stage)
The 4th concentrated water outlet of the 4th reverse osmosis membrane module and the water tank to be treated are connected by the 4th concentrated water line.
The fourth filtered water outlet of the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module and the filtered water tank are connected by a fourth filtered water line.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a filtration treatment device using a plurality of reverse osmosis membrane modules, which has a simple structure and can perform a stable filtration treatment operation, and an operation method thereof.

Schematic diagram of a filtration processing apparatus using four reverse osmosis membrane modules. Tubular membrane element conceptual diagram Conceptual diagram of reverse osmosis membrane module. Longitudinal section of the reverse osmosis membrane module. The schematic diagram of the filtration processing apparatus which connected the liquid flow direction change tool to the filtration processing apparatus of FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a filtration processing device in which a spare line is arranged in the filtration processing device of FIG. 1 and the spare line and the reverse osmosis membrane module are not connected. FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the filtration processing device of FIG. 6 after the spare line and the reverse osmosis membrane module are connected. FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a filtration processing device in which a spare line is arranged in the filtration processing device of FIG. 5 before the spare line and the reverse osmosis membrane module are connected. FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the filtration processing device of FIG. 8 after the spare line and the reverse osmosis membrane module are connected.

(1) Filtration processing device of FIG. 1 and its operation method <Filtration processing device>
The filtration processing apparatus of FIG. 1 will be described. The filtration treatment device of FIG. 1 includes a water tank 1 to be treated, a total of four reverse osmosis membrane modules 10 to 40, and a filtered water tank 4.

The water tank 1 to be treated containing the water to be treated and the first water inlet 10a to be treated of the first reverse osmosis membrane module 10 are connected by a water line 2 to be treated. A pump 3 is arranged in the water line 2 to be treated.
The first concentrated water outlet 10b of the first reverse osmosis membrane module 10 and the second water inlet 20a to be treated of the second reverse osmosis membrane module 20 are connected by the first concentrated water line 11, and the first reverse osmosis membrane module 10 is connected. 1 The filtered water outlet 10c and the filtered water tank 4 are connected by a first filtered water line 12.
The second concentrated water outlet 20b of the second reverse osmosis membrane module 20 and the third water inlet 30a to be treated of the third reverse osmosis membrane module 30 are connected by a second concentrated water line 21, and the second reverse osmosis membrane module 20 is connected. 2 The filtered water outlet 20c and the filtered water tank 4 are connected by a second filtered water line 22.
The third concentrated water outlet 30b of the third reverse osmosis membrane module 30 and the fourth water inlet 40a of the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module 40 are connected by a third concentrated water line 31, and the third reverse osmosis membrane module 30 is connected. 3 The filtered water outlet 30c and the filtered water tank 4 are connected by a third filtered water line 32.
The fourth concentrated water outlet 40b of the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module 40 and the water tank 1 to be treated are connected by a fourth concentrated water line (final concentrated water line) 41, and the fourth filtered water outlet of the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module 40. The 40c and the filtered water tank 4 are connected by a fourth filtered water line 42.

A suction pump may be arranged in the first filtered water line 12 to the fourth filtered water line 42 connecting the filtered water tank 4 and each reverse osmosis membrane module in order to improve the filtration efficiency.
Further, various measuring instruments such as a thermometer, a water level gauge, and a turbidity meter may be arranged in the treated water tank 1 and the filtered water tank 4, and various lines through which the treated water or the filtered water is passed may be arranged. , A measuring instrument such as a pressure gauge or a flow meter, an on-off valve for controlling liquid flow, and a spare tank may be arranged. The above contents are the same in the following filtration processing devices of FIGS. 5 to 9.

The reverse osmosis membrane module used in the present invention will be described.
A conceptual diagram of the tubular membrane element 60 of the present invention is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the tubular membrane element 60 of the present invention filters water to be treated through a tube having an inner diameter of 5 to 20 mm formed by the tubular membrane element 60 of a reverse osmosis membrane.
The tubular membrane element 60 has a layer of a reverse osmosis membrane on the inner surface of a water-permeable support such as paper or non-woven fabric. As the reverse osmosis membrane, a known one such as cellulose acetate can be used.
Further, the tubular membrane element 60 is contained in a support tube 63 made of fiber reinforced plastic (FRP), stainless steel (SUS) or the like, as shown in FIG. 2, in order to prevent wear due to contact of the plurality of tubular membrane elements 60 . You may. The support tube 63 may have a plurality of water passage holes 64 for passing the filtered water filtered by the tubular membrane element 60. The inner diameter of the support tube 63 is preferably slightly larger than the inner diameter of the tubular membrane element 60 .

A conceptual diagram of the reverse osmosis membrane module of the present invention is shown in FIG. 3, and a vertical sectional view of the reverse osmosis membrane module of the present invention is shown in FIG.
In the reverse osmosis membrane module of the present invention, a plurality of tubular membrane elements 60 of the reverse osmosis membrane are housed in a tubular outer casing 50.
The tubular outer casing 50 has a water inlet 51 to be treated, a concentrated water outlet 52, and a filtered water outlet 53.
The number of the tubular membrane elements 60 in the outer casing 50 is preferably 10 to 100, more preferably 15 to 50, and the length of the tubular membrane elements 60 is preferably 1 to 5 m.
The plurality of tubular membrane elements 60 in the outer casing 50 are formed so that both ends thereof are connected so as to allow water to pass through and become one tubular membrane element as a whole, and the one tubular membrane is formed. The first end opening 61 of the element is connected to the water inlet 51 to be treated, and the second end opening 62 opposite to the first end opening 61 is connected to the concentrated water outlet 52.
As a method of connecting both ends of each of the plurality of tubular membrane elements 60, a special header arranged at both ends of the module or a U-shaped connecting tube 65 is used.
The plurality of tubular membrane elements 60 in the outer casing 50 are housed in a bundled state, and in the vertical cross-sectional view of the reverse osmosis membrane module of FIG. 4, the plurality of tubular membrane elements 60 are opened for convenience. The number of tubular membrane elements 60 is also partially omitted.

<Operation method of filtration processing equipment>
The operation method of the filtration processing apparatus of FIG. 1 will be described.
The operation method of the filtration processing device of FIG. 1 has the following step 1.
(Step 1)
In step 1, the pump 3 is operated to send the water to be treated in the water tank 1 to be treated from the water line 2 to be treated to the first reverse osmosis membrane module 10, and then from the first reverse osmosis membrane module 10 to the fourth. In this step, the reverse osmosis membrane module 40 is passed through the concentrated water lines 11, 21, and 31 in this order, and filtered by each reverse osmosis membrane module.
The water to be treated that has passed through the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module 40 is returned from the fourth concentrated water line (final concentrated water line) 41 to the water tank 1 to be treated.
The filtered water filtered by the reverse osmosis membrane modules 10, 20, 30, 40 is sent from the filtered water lines 12, 22, 32, 42 to the filtered water tank 4.

In the filtration treatment device of FIG. 1, since each reverse osmosis membrane module is connected in series, there is only one flow path of the water to be treated, and the piping structure is simple. Further, since there is only one flow path of the water to be treated, it is economical because it can be operated by one pump.
Even if the membrane surface of the tubular membrane element becomes dirty, it is easy and stable to clean the inner membrane surface of the tubular membrane element with a sponge ball or the like because there is only one flow path for the water to be treated. The filtration processing operation can be performed.

(2) Filtration processing device shown in FIG. 5 and its operation method <Filtration processing device>
The filtration processing apparatus of FIG. 5 will be described. The filtration treatment device of FIG. 5 is the same as the filtration treatment device of FIG. 1 except that the liquid passage direction changing tool 70 capable of alternately changing the liquid passage direction of the water to be treated is provided.

The liquid passing direction changing tool 70 is arranged so as to connect between the water to be treated line 2 (2a, 2b) and the fourth concentrated water line (final concentrated water line) 41 (41a, 41b).
The liquid passing direction changing tool 70 may be any as long as it can change the liquid passing direction of the water to be treated alternately, and a known one can be used. For example, a tool composed of a plurality of three-way valves may be used. can.

In FIG. 5, a combination of a three-way valve 71 and a three-way valve 72 is used as the liquid passing direction changing tool 70. The port (inlet or outlet) 71a of the three-way valve 71 and the water tank 1 to be treated are connected by a water line 2a to be treated, and the port 71b of the three-way valve 71 and the first water inlet 10a of the first reverse osmosis membrane module 10 are connected. Is connected by a water line 2b to be treated, and the port 71c of the three-way valve 71 and the water tank 1 to be treated are connected by a fourth concentrated water line 41a. Further, the port 72a of the three-way valve 72 and the water tank 1 to be treated are connected by a water line 2a to be treated, and the port 72b of the three-way valve 72 and the fourth concentrated water outlet 40b of the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module 40 are the fourth concentrated water. It is connected by a line 41b, and the port 72c of the three-way valve 72 and the water tank 1 to be treated are connected by a fourth concentrated water line 41a. Further, the pump 3 is arranged in the water line 2a to be treated.

<Operation method of filtration processing equipment>
The operation method of the filtration processing apparatus of FIG. 5 will be described.
The operation method of the filtration processing device of FIG. 5 includes the following steps 1 and 2. The order in which steps 1 and 2 are performed may be any order.

(Step 1)
Step 1 is the same as step 1 of the operation method of the filtration processing device of FIG. The three-way valve 71 opens ports 71a and 71b and closes 71c, and the three-way valve 72 closes 72a and opens 72b and 72c to treat the water to be treated in the water tank 1 to be treated. It is operated so as to be sent from the water line 2 (2a, 2b) to each reverse osmosis membrane module. The water to be treated that has passed through the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module 40 is returned to the water tank 1 to be treated from the fourth concentrated water line (final concentrated water line) 41 (41a, 41b).

(Step 2)
In step 2, the three-way valves 71 and 72, which are the liquid flow direction changing tools 70, change the liquid flow direction of the water to be treated to operate the pump 3, and the water to be treated in the water tank 1 to be treated is treated. The concentrated water lines 31, 21, respectively, are sent to the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module 40 through the treated water line 2a and the fourth concentrated water line 41b, and then from the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module 40 to the first reverse osmosis membrane module 10. This is a step of passing liquid through 11 and filtering with each reverse osmosis membrane module.

The liquid flow direction changing tool 70 closes the port 71a of the three-way valve 71, opens the port 71b and the port 71c, opens the port 72a and the port 72b of the three-way valve 72, closes the port 72c, and performs the filtration processing operation. ..
The water to be treated in the water tank 1 to be treated is sent to the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module 40 through the water to be treated line 2a and the fourth concentrated water line 41b, and then from the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module 40 to the first reverse osmosis membrane module 40. The membrane module 10 is sent through the concentrated water lines 31, 21 and 11 in this order. The water to be treated that has passed through the first reverse osmosis membrane module 10 is returned to the water tank 1 to be treated from the water to be treated line 2b and the fourth concentrated water line 41a.
The filtered water filtered by the reverse osmosis membrane modules 10, 20, 30, 40 is sent from the filtered water lines 12, 22, 32, 42 to the filtered water tank 4.

The filtration processing device of FIG. 5 has the following effects in addition to the effects of the filtration processing device of FIG.
Normally, the water pressure of the water to be treated is higher in the reverse osmosis membrane module on the upstream side and lower in the reverse osmosis membrane module on the downstream side. Therefore, the membrane surface of the tubular membrane element is more likely to be clogged with dirt in the reverse osmosis membrane module on the upstream side, but in the filtration treatment device of FIG. 5, the reverse osmosis on the upstream side is performed by changing the liquid flow direction as described above. The membrane module and the reverse osmosis membrane module on the downstream side can be changed, and the entire tubular membrane element of each reverse osmosis membrane module can be effectively used.
In addition, when cleaning the reverse osmosis membrane module, if the fluid flow direction is opposite to that during the filtration treatment operation, the dirt inside the tubular membrane element can be effectively removed for cleaning. Since the required chemicals and manpower can be reduced, stable filtration processing operation can be performed.

(2) Filtration processing device shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 and its operation method <Filtration processing device>
The filtration processing apparatus of FIGS. 6 and 7 will be described. The filtration treatment apparatus of FIGS. 6 and 7 is the same as the filtration treatment apparatus of FIG. 1 except that the preliminary water treatment line 80 and the preliminary concentrated water line 81 are provided. FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the filtration treatment device before connecting the pre-treated water line 80 and the pre-concentrated water line 81 to each reverse osmosis membrane module, and FIG. 7 is a pre-treated water line 80 and the pre-concentrated water line 81. It is a schematic diagram of each reverse osmosis membrane module and the filtration treatment device after connection.

The first end opening 80a of the preliminary water line 80 to be treated is connected to the water line 2 to be treated, and the second end opening 80b opposite to the first end opening 80a is the second reverse osmosis membrane module 20. 2 It can be connected to any of the water inlet 20a to be treated to the fourth water inlet 40a to be treated of the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module 40.
A three-way valve 82 is arranged at the connection portion between the first end opening 80a of the preliminary water line 80 to be treated and the water line 2 to be treated so that the liquid flow direction of the water to be treated can be changed. Further, the pump 3 is arranged between the water tank 1 to be treated and the three-way valve 82 on the water line 2 to be treated so that water can be sent to both the water line 2 to be treated and the preliminary water line 80 to be treated.
The first end opening 80a of the preliminary water line 80 to be treated may be directly connected to the water tank 1 to be treated. In that case, pumps are arranged in both the water to be treated line 2 and the preliminary water to be treated 80 so that the water can be sent to both the water to be treated line 2 and the preliminary water to be treated 80.

The first end opening 81a of the preliminary concentrated water line 81 is connected to the fourth concentrated water line 41, and the second end opening 81b opposite to the first end opening 81a is the first reverse osmosis membrane module 10. 1 It can be connected to any of the concentrated water outlet 10b to the third concentrated water outlet 30b of the third reverse osmosis membrane module 30.
A three-way valve 83 is arranged at the connection portion between the first end opening 81a of the preliminary concentrated water line 81 and the fourth concentrated water line 41 so that the liquid flow direction of the water to be treated can be changed.
The first end opening 81a of the preliminary concentrated water line 81 may be directly connected to the water tank 1 to be treated.

<Operation method of filtration processing equipment>
The operation method of the filtration processing apparatus of FIGS. 6 and 7 will be described.
The operation method of the filtration processing device of FIGS. 6 and 7 includes the following steps 1 and 3 to 5. The order in which steps 1, 3 to 5 are performed may be any order.

(Step 1)
Step 1 is the same as step 1 of the operation method of the filtration processing device of FIG. The three-way valve 82 opens the port 82a and the port 82c and closes the port 82b, and the three-way valve 83 closes the port 83b and opens the port 83a and the port 83c to release the water to be treated in the tank 1. , It is operated so as to be sent from the water to be treated line 2 to each reverse osmosis membrane module. The water to be treated that has passed through the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module 40 is returned from the fourth concentrated water line (final concentrated water line) 41 to the water tank 1 to be treated.

(Step 3)
In step 3, the second end opening 80b of the preliminary water line 80 to be treated is inserted from the second water inlet 20a of the second reverse osmosis membrane module 20 to the fourth water inlet 40a of the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module 40. The water to be treated in the water tank 1 to be treated is passed through the preliminary water line 80 to be treated, the water to be treated is sent to each reverse osmosis membrane module, and the water to be treated is filtered by each reverse osmosis membrane module. It is a process to do.

In FIG. 7, the second end opening 80b of the preliminary water to be treated water line 80 is connected to the third water inlet 30a to be treated of the third reverse osmosis membrane module 30.
By operating the pump 3, the water to be treated in the water tank 1 to be treated is sent in the order of the water to be treated line 2 and the preliminary water to be treated line 80, and the third reverse osmosis membrane module 30 and the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module 40 are sent. The liquid is passed in the order of, and it is operated so as to be filtered by each reverse osmosis membrane module.
The water to be treated that has passed through the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module 40 is returned to the water tank 1 to be treated through the fourth concentrated water line 41.
The three-way valves 82 and 83 open the ports 82a and 82b of the three-way valve 82, close the ports 82c, open the ports 83a and 83c of the three-way valve 83, close the ports 83b, and perform the filtration processing operation.

(Step 4)
In step 4, any of the second end opening 80b of the preliminary concentrated water line 81 from the first concentrated water outlet 10b of the first reverse osmosis membrane module 10 to the third concentrated water outlet 30b of the third reverse osmosis membrane module 30. This is a step of connecting the water to be treated, passing the water to be treated in the water tank 1 to be treated to the water line 2 to be treated, sending the water to be treated to each reverse osmosis membrane module, and filtering the water in each reverse osmosis membrane module. ..

In FIG. 7, the second end opening 80b of the preliminary concentrated water line 81 is connected to the second concentrated water outlet 20b of the second reverse osmosis membrane module 20.
The pump 3 is operated to allow the water to be treated in the water tank 1 to be treated to flow from the water line 2 to be treated in the order of the first reverse osmosis membrane module 10 and the second reverse osmosis membrane module 20, respectively. Operate to filter with a membrane module.
The water to be treated through which the second reverse osmosis membrane module 20 has passed is passed through the pre-concentrated water line 81 and the concentrated water line 41 in this order and returned to the water tank 1 to be treated.
The three-way valves 82 and 83 open the ports 82a and 82c of the three-way valve 82, close the ports 82b, open the ports 83b and 83c of the three-way valve 83, close the ports 83a, and perform the filtration processing operation.

(Step 5)
In step 5, the second end opening 80b of the preliminary water line 80 to be treated is inserted from the second water inlet 20a of the second back-penetrating film module 20 to the fourth water inlet 40a of the fourth back-penetrating film module 40. The second end opening 81b of the pre-concentrated water line 81 is connected to any of the above, from the first concentrated water outlet 10b of the first reverse permeable membrane module 10 to the third concentrated water outlet 30b of the third reverse permeable membrane module 30. In connection with any of the above, the water to be treated in the water tank 1 to be treated is passed through at least one of the water line 2 to be treated and the preliminary water line 80 to be treated, and the water to be treated is passed through each back-penetrating film module. This is the process of feeding and filtering with each back-penetration membrane module.

In FIG. 7, the second end opening 80b of the pre-treated water line 80 is connected to the third water inlet 30a of the third reverse osmosis membrane module 30, and the second end opening 80b of the pre-concentrated water line 81 is shown. Is connected to the second concentrated water outlet 20b of the second reverse osmosis membrane module 20.
The pump 3 is operated so that the water to be treated in the treated water tank 1 is passed through at least one of the water to be treated line 2 and the preliminary water to be treated 80 and filtered by each reverse osmosis membrane module. drive.

When the liquid is passed only through the water line 2 to be treated, the port 82a and the port 82c of the three-way valve 82 are opened, the port 82b is closed, the port 83b and the port 83c of the three-way valve 83 are opened, the port 83a is closed, and the pump is pumped. By operating 3, the water to be treated in the water tank 1 to be treated is passed from the water line 2 to be treated in the order of the first reverse osmosis membrane module 10 and the second reverse osmosis membrane module 20, respectively. Operate to filter with a membrane module.
The water to be treated through which the second reverse osmosis membrane module 20 has passed is passed through the pre-concentrated water line 81 and the concentrated water line 41 in this order and returned to the water tank 1 to be treated.

When the liquid is passed only through the pre-treated water line 80, the port 82a and the port 82b of the three-way valve 82 are opened, the port 82c is closed, the port 83a and the port 83c of the three-way valve 83 are opened, and the port 83b is closed. By operating the pump 3, the water to be treated in the water tank 1 to be treated is sent in the order of the water to be treated line 2 and the preliminary water to be treated line 80, and the third reverse osmosis membrane module 30 and the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module 30 are sent. The liquid is passed in the order of 40 and operated so as to be filtered by each reverse osmosis membrane module.
The water to be treated that has passed through the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module 40 is returned to the water tank 1 to be treated through the fourth concentrated water line 41.

When passing liquid through both the water to be treated line 2 and the preliminary water to be treated line 80, all the ports of the three-way valve 82 are opened, all the ports of the three-way valve 83 are opened, and the pump 3 is operated. , The water to be treated in the water tank 1 to be treated is sent to both the water to be treated line 2 and the preliminary water to be treated line 80, passed through each reverse osmosis membrane module, and filtered by each reverse osmosis membrane module. drive.
The water to be treated through which the second reverse osmosis membrane module 20 has passed is passed through the preliminary concentrated water line 81 and the concentrated water line 41 in this order and returned to the water tank 1 to be treated, and passed through the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module 40. The liquid water to be treated is returned to the water tank 1 to be treated through the fourth concentrated water line 41.

The filtration processing apparatus of FIGS. 6 and 7 has the following effects in addition to the effects of the filtration processing apparatus of FIG.
Preliminary water line to be treated when the pressure loss at the inlet and outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane modules connected in series is large due to the water quality of the water to be treated such as viscosity and turbidity and the circulating flow rate flowing through each reverse osmosis membrane module. If the spare line of the 80 and the preliminary concentrated water line 81 is used to allow circulation with a smaller number of reverse osmosis membrane modules, the pressure loss can be reduced, so that a stable filtration treatment operation can be performed.
In addition, the optimum reverse osmosis membrane module is determined according to the degree of membrane surface contamination of the tubular membrane element of each reverse osmosis membrane module, the water quality of the water to be treated such as viscosity and turbidity, and the circulating flow rate of liquid passing through each reverse osmosis membrane module. The number of connections can be easily adjusted, and the entire tubular membrane element of each reverse osmosis membrane module can be effectively used. Therefore, the chemicals and man-hours required for cleaning can be reduced, so that stable filtration processing operation can be performed.
Further, even if the number of reverse osmosis membrane modules connected is changed, the filtration processing operation can be performed with only one pump 3, so that the stable filtration processing operation can be performed without increasing the operation cost.

(2) Filtration processing device shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 and its operation method <Filtration processing device>
The filtration processing apparatus of FIGS. 8 and 9 will be described. The filtration treatment device of FIGS. 8 and 9 is the same as the filtration treatment device of FIG. 5 except that the preliminary water treatment line 80 and the preliminary concentrated water line 81 are provided. FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the filtration treatment device before connecting the pre-treated water line 80 and the pre-concentrated water line 81 to each reverse osmosis membrane module, and FIG. 9 shows the pre-treated water line 80 and the pre-concentrated water line 81. It is a schematic diagram of each reverse osmosis membrane module and the filtration treatment device after connection.

The first end opening 80a of the preliminary water line 80 to be treated is connected to the water line 2b to be treated, and the second end opening 80b opposite to the first end opening 80a is the second reverse osmosis membrane module 20. 2 It can be connected to any of the water inlet 20a to be treated to the fourth water inlet 40a to be treated of the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module 40.
A three-way valve 82 is arranged at the connection portion between the first end opening 80a of the preliminary water line 80 to be treated and the water line 2b to be treated so that the liquid flow direction of the water to be treated can be changed.

The first end opening 81a of the preliminary concentrated water line 81 is connected to the fourth concentrated water line 41b, and the second end opening 81b opposite to the first end opening 81a is the first reverse osmosis membrane module 10. 1 It can be connected to any of the concentrated water outlet 10b to the third concentrated water outlet 30b of the third reverse osmosis membrane module 30.
A three-way valve 83 is arranged at the connection portion between the first end opening 81a of the preliminary concentrated water line 81 and the fourth concentrated water line 41 so that the liquid flow direction of the water to be treated can be changed.

<Operation method of filtration processing equipment>
The operation method of the filtration processing apparatus of FIGS. 8 and 9 will be described.
The operation method of the filtration processing device of FIGS. 8 and 9 includes the following steps 1 to 8. The order in which steps 1 to 8 are performed may be any order.

(Step 1)
Step 1 is the same as step 1 of the operation method of the filtration processing device of FIG. The three-way valve 71 opens the port 71a and the port 71b and closes the port 71c, the three-way valve 82 opens the port 82a and the port 82c and closes the port 82b, and the three-way valve 83 closes the port 83b and the port. The 83a and the port 83c are opened, the three-way valve 72 closes the port 72a, the port 72b and the port 72c are opened, and the water to be treated in the tank 1 to be treated is discharged from the water line 2 (2a, 2b) to be treated. Operate to send to each reverse osmosis membrane module.
The water to be treated that has passed through the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module 40 is returned to the water tank 1 to be treated from the fourth concentrated water line (final concentrated water line) 41 (41a, 41b).

(Step 2)
Step 2 is the same as step 2 of the operation method of the filtration processing device of FIG. The three-way valve 71 opens the port 71b and the port 71c and closes the port 71a, the three-way valve 82 opens the port 82a and the port 82c and closes the port 82b, and the three-way valve 83 closes the port 83b and the port. The 83a and the port 83c are opened, the port 72a and the port 72b of the three-way valve 72 are opened, the port 72c is closed, and the treated water in the treated tank 1 is treated with the treated water line 2a and the fourth concentrated water line 41b. After passing the liquid in the order of, the operation is performed so as to send to each reverse osmosis membrane module.
The water to be treated that has passed through the first reverse osmosis membrane module is passed through the water to be treated line 2b and the fourth concentrated water line 41a in this order, and is returned to the water tank 1 to be treated.

(Step 3)
Step 3 is the same as step 3 of the operation method of the filtration processing apparatus of FIGS. 6 and 7.
In FIG. 9, the second end opening 80b of the preliminary water line 80 to be treated is connected to the third water inlet 30a to be treated of the third reverse osmosis membrane module 30.
By operating the pump 3, the water to be treated in the water tank 1 to be treated is sent in the order of the water to be treated line 2 (2a, 2b) and the preliminary water to be treated line 80, and the third reverse osmosis membrane module 30 and the third. 4 The reverse osmosis membrane module 40 is passed through in this order, and the operation is performed so as to filter by each reverse osmosis membrane module.
The water to be treated that has passed through the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module 40 is returned to the water tank 1 to be treated through the fourth concentrated water lines 41 (41a, 41b).
The three-way valve 71 opens the port 71a and the port 71b, closes the port 71c, opens the port 82a and the port 82b of the three-way valve 82, closes the port 82c, and opens the port 83a and the port 83c of the three-way valve 83. , Port 83b is closed, port 72b and port 72c of the three-way valve 72 are opened, port 72a is closed, and filtration processing operation is performed.

(Step 4)
Step 4 is the same as step 4 of the operation method of the filtration processing apparatus of FIGS. 6 and 7.
In FIG. 9, the second end opening 80b of the preliminary concentrated water line 81 is connected to the second concentrated water outlet 20b of the second reverse osmosis membrane module 20.
By operating the pump 3, the water to be treated in the water tank 1 to be treated is passed from the water line 2 (2a, 2b) to be treated in the order of the first reverse osmosis membrane module 10 and the second reverse osmosis membrane module 20. Then, it is operated so as to be filtered by each reverse osmosis membrane module.
The water to be treated through which the second reverse osmosis membrane module 20 has passed is passed through the pre-concentrated water line 81 and the concentrated water lines 41 (41a, 41b) in this order and returned to the water tank 1 to be treated.
The three-way valve 71 opens the port 71a and the port 71b, closes the port 71c, opens the port 82a and the port 82c of the three-way valve 82, closes the port 82b, and opens the port 83b and the port 83c of the three-way valve 83. , Port 83a is closed, port 72b and port 72c of the three-way valve 72 are opened, port 72a is closed, and filtration processing operation is performed.

(Step 5)
Step 5 is the same as step 5 of the operation method of the filtration processing apparatus of FIGS. 6 and 7.
In FIG. 9, the second end opening 80b of the pre-treated water line 80 is connected to the third water inlet 30a of the third reverse osmosis membrane module 30, and the second end opening 80b of the pre-concentrated water line 81 is shown. Is connected to the second concentrated water outlet 20b of the second reverse osmosis membrane module 20.
The pump 3 is operated to allow the water to be treated in the treated water tank 1 to pass through at least one of the water to be treated lines 2 (2a and 2b) and the preliminary water to be treated line 80, and each reverse osmosis membrane module is passed. Operate to filter with.

When the liquid is passed only through the water line 2 to be treated, the port 71a and the port 71b of the three-way valve 71 are opened, the port 71c is closed, the port 82a and the port 82c of the three-way valve 82 are opened, the port 82b is closed, and the three-way valve is closed. By opening the port 83b and the port 83c of the 83, closing the port 83a, opening the port 72b and the port 72c of the three-way valve 72, closing the port 72a, and operating the pump 3, the water tank 1 to be treated is treated. The treated water is passed from the water to be treated line 2 (2a, 2b) in the order of the first reverse osmosis membrane module 10 and the second reverse osmosis membrane module 20, and is operated so as to be filtered by each reverse osmosis membrane module.
The water to be treated through which the second reverse osmosis membrane module 20 has passed is passed through the pre-concentrated water line 81 and the concentrated water lines 41 (41a, 41b) in this order and returned to the water tank 1 to be treated.

When the liquid is passed only through the pre-treated water line 80, the port 71a and the port 71b of the three-way valve 71 are opened, the port 71c is closed, the port 82a and the port 82b of the three-way valve 82 are opened, the port 82c is closed, and the three-way valve 82 is closed. By opening the port 83a and the port 83c of the valve 83, closing the port 83b, opening the port 72b and the port 72c of the three-way valve 72, closing the port 72a, and operating the pump 3, the water tank 1 to be treated is operated. The water to be treated is sent in the order of the water to be treated line 2 (2a, 2b) and the preliminary water to be treated 80, and the third reverse osmosis membrane module 30 and the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module 40 are passed in this order, and each reverse is performed. Operate as if filtering with a osmosis membrane module.
The water to be treated that has passed through the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module 40 is returned to the water tank 1 to be treated through the fourth concentrated water lines 41 (41a, 41b).

When passing liquid through both the water to be treated line 2 (2a, 2b) and the preliminary water to be treated line 80, the port 71a and the port 71b of the three-way valve 71 are opened, the port 71c is closed, and all the ports of the three-way valve 82 are closed. To open all the ports of the three-way valve 83, open the ports 72b and 72c of the three-way valve 72, close the port 72a, and operate the pump 3 to treat the water tank 1 to be treated. Water is sent to both the water to be treated line 2 (2a, 2b) and the preliminary water to be treated line 80, passed through each reverse osmosis membrane module, and operated so as to be filtered by each reverse osmosis membrane module.
The water to be treated through which the second reverse osmosis membrane module 20 has passed is passed through the preliminary concentrated water line 81 and the concentrated water lines 41 (41a, 41b) in this order, and is returned to the water tank 1 to be treated, and the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module 20 is passed. The water to be treated that has passed through the osmosis membrane module 40 is returned to the water tank 1 to be treated through the fourth concentrated water line 41 (41a, 41b).

(Step 6)
In step 6, the second end opening 80b of the preliminary water line 80 to be treated is inserted from the second water inlet 20a of the second reverse osmosis membrane module 20 to the fourth water inlet 40a of the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module 40. By connecting to any of the above and changing the liquid flow direction of the water to be treated by the liquid flow direction changing tool 70, the water to be treated in the water tank 1 to be treated is passed through the fourth concentration line 41b. This is a process in which water to be treated is sent to each reverse osmosis membrane module and filtered by each reverse osmosis membrane module.

In FIG. 9, the second end opening 80b of the preliminary water to be treated water line 80 is connected to the third water inlet 30a to be treated of the third reverse osmosis membrane module.
By changing the liquid flow direction of the water to be treated by the liquid flow direction changing tool 70 and operating the pump 3, the water to be treated in the water tank 1 to be treated is made into the water to be treated line 2a and the fourth concentrated water. The lines 41b are sent in this order, the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module 40 and the third reverse osmosis membrane module 30 are passed in this order, and the operation is performed so as to filter by each reverse osmosis membrane module.
The water to be treated that has passed through the third reverse osmosis membrane module 30 is passed through the preliminary water to be treated line 80, the water to be treated 2b, and the fourth concentrated water line 41a in this order, and is returned to the water tank 1 to be treated. ..
The three-way valve 71 opens the port 71b and the port 71c, closes the port 71a, opens the port 82a and the port 82b of the three-way valve 82, closes the port 82c, and opens the port 83a and the port 83c of the three-way valve 83. , Port 83b is closed, port 72a and port 72b of the three-way valve 72 are opened, port 72c is closed, and filtration processing operation is performed.

(Step 7)
In step 7, any of the second end opening 81b of the preliminary concentrated water line 81 from the first concentrated water outlet 10b of the first reverse osmosis membrane module 10 to the third concentrated water outlet 30b of the third reverse osmosis membrane module 30. The water to be treated is changed in the flow direction of the water to be treated by the liquid passing direction changing tool 70, and the water to be treated in the water tank 1 to be treated is passed through the pre-concentrated water line 81, and each reverse osmosis is performed. This is a process in which water to be treated is sent to the osmosis membrane module and filtered by each reverse osmosis membrane module.

In FIG. 9, the second end opening 80b of the preliminary concentrated water line 81 is connected to the second concentrated water outlet 20b of the second reverse osmosis membrane module 20.
By changing the liquid flow direction of the water to be treated by the liquid flow direction changing tool 70 and operating the pump 3, the water to be treated in the water tank 1 to be treated is made into the water to be treated line 2a and the fourth concentrated water. The line 41b and the preliminary concentrated water line 81 are sent in this order, the second reverse osmosis membrane module 20 and the first reverse osmosis membrane module 10 are passed in this order, and the operation is performed so as to filter by each reverse osmosis membrane module.
The water to be treated that has passed through the first reverse osmosis membrane module 10 is passed through the water to be treated line 2b and the fourth concentrated water line 41a in this order, and is returned to the water tank 1 to be treated.
The three-way valve 71 opens the port 71b and the port 71c, closes the port 71a, opens the port 82a and the port 82c of the three-way valve 82, closes the port 82b, and opens the port 83b and the port 83c of the three-way valve 83. , Port 83a is closed, port 72a and port 72b of the three-way valve 72 are opened, port 72c is closed, and filtration processing operation is performed.

(Step 8)
In step 8, the second end opening 80b of the preliminary water line 80 to be treated is inserted from the second water inlet 20a of the second back-penetrating film module 20 to the fourth water inlet 40a of the fourth back-penetrating film module 40. The second end opening 81b of the pre-concentrated water line 81 is connected to any of the above, from the first concentrated water outlet 10b of the first reverse permeable membrane module 10 to the third concentrated water outlet 30b of the third reverse permeable membrane module 30. The water to be treated is changed to the fourth concentrated water line 41b and the pre-concentrated water line in the water tank 1 to be treated by connecting to any of the above and changing the flowing direction of the water to be treated by the liquid passing direction changing tool 70. This is a step of passing liquid through at least one of 81, sending water to be treated to each back-penetrating film module, and filtering with each back-penetrating film module.

In FIG. 9, the second end opening 80b of the pre-treated water line 80 is connected to the third water inlet 30a of the third reverse osmosis membrane module 20, and the second end opening 80b of the pre-concentrated water line 81 is connected. Is connected to the second concentrated water outlet 20b of the second reverse osmosis membrane module 20.
By changing the liquid flow direction of the water to be treated by the liquid flow direction changing tool 70 and operating the pump 3, the water to be treated in the treated water tank 1 is transferred to the fourth concentrated water line 41b and the pre-concentration line 81. It is operated so that the liquid is passed through at least one of the above and filtered by each reverse osmosis membrane module.

When the liquid is passed only through the fourth concentrated water line 41b, the three-way valve 71 opens the port 71b and the port 71c, closes the port 71a, opens the port 82a and the port 82b of the three-way valve 82, and closes the port 82c. By opening the ports 83a and 83c of the three-way valve 83, closing the port 83b, opening the ports 72a and 72b of the three-way valve 72, closing the port 72c, and operating the pump 3, the water tank 1 to be treated 1 The water to be treated is sent in the order of the water to be treated line 2a and the fourth concentrated water line 41b, and the fourth reverse osmosis membrane module 40 and the third reverse osmosis membrane module 30 are passed in this order. Operate to filter.
The water to be treated that has passed through the third reverse osmosis membrane module 30 is passed through the preliminary water to be treated line 80, the water to be treated 2b, and the fourth concentrated water line 41a in this order, and is returned to the water tank 1 to be treated. ..

When the liquid is passed only through the pre-concentrated water line 81, the three-way valve 71 opens the port 71b and the port 71c, closes the port 71a, opens the port 82a and the port 82c of the three-way valve 82, closes the port 82b, and three-way. By opening the port 83b and the port 83c of the valve 83, closing the port 83a, opening the port 72a and the port 72b of the three-way valve 72, closing the port 72c, and operating the pump 3, the water tank 1 to be treated is operated. The water to be treated is sent in the order of the water to be treated line 2a, the fourth concentrated water line 41b, and the pre-concentrated water line 81, and the second reverse osmosis membrane module 20 and the first reverse osmosis membrane module 10 are passed in this order. Operate as if filtering with a reverse osmosis membrane module.
The water to be treated that has passed through the first reverse osmosis membrane module 10 is passed through the water to be treated line 2b and the fourth concentrated water line 41a in this order, and is returned to the water tank 1 to be treated.

When passing liquid through both the fourth concentrated water line 41b and the pre-concentration line 81, the port 71b and the port 71c of the three-way valve 71 are opened, the port 71a is closed, all the ports of the three-way valve 82 are opened, and the three-way valve is opened. By opening all the ports of 83, opening the ports 72a and 72b of the three-way valve 72, closing the ports 72c, and operating the pump 3, the water to be treated in the water tank 1 to be treated is concentrated to the fourth concentration. It is sent to both the water line 41b and the pre-concentration line 81, passed through each reverse osmosis membrane module, and operated so as to be filtered by each reverse osmosis membrane module.
The water to be treated that has passed through the third reverse osmosis membrane module 30 is passed through the preliminary water to be treated line 80, the water to be treated 2b, and the fourth concentrated water line 41a in this order, and is returned to the water tank 1 to be treated. The water to be treated, which has passed through the first reverse osmosis membrane module 10, is passed through the water to be treated line 2b and the fourth concentrated water line 41a in this order, and is returned to the water tank 1 to be treated.

The filtration processing device of FIGS. 8 and 9 has all of the effects described in the filtration processing device of FIG. 1, the filtration processing device of FIG. 5, and the filtration processing device of FIGS. 6 and 7.
Further, the filtration treatment apparatus of FIGS. 8 and 9 uses the preliminary lines of the preliminary water line 80 and the preliminary concentrated water line 81 when cleaning the reverse osmosis membrane module, and changes the liquid flow direction. Since a small number of reverse osmosis membrane modules can be selected for cleaning, dirt in the tubular membrane element can be effectively removed, and the chemicals and labor required for cleaning can be reduced.

The filtration treatment apparatus of the present invention can be used for ZLD (Zero Liquid Discharge) in which the liquid discharge amount of the concentrated water after the filtration treatment of the water to be treated is set to zero.
When the filtration treatment apparatus of the present invention is used for ZLD, an evaporation step of separating the water content and the solid content of the concentrated water after the filtration treatment is carried out.
When the filtration treatment is performed by the filtration treatment apparatus of the present invention, the solid content concentration in the concentrated water is increased, so that the amount of energy used in the evaporation step can be reduced, which is preferable.

The filtration station was operated using the filtration processing device shown in FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the reverse osmosis membrane module is a 2,500 mm long tubular membrane element in which a 0.2 mm cellulose acetate reverse osmosis membrane is laminated on the inner surface of a tubular polyester non-woven fabric support having an inner diameter of 11.5 mm. 18 of 60 were connected in series via a U-shaped connecting tube 65.
The performance of this reverse osmosis membrane module was that the salt blocking rate of a 2,000 ppm salt aqueous solution at an intermembrane pressure of 2.5 MPa was 85% or more, and the permeation rate was 20 to 40 L / hour.
Four of these reverse osmosis membrane modules were connected as shown in FIG. 5, a filtration treatment device was created, and a filtration treatment operation of 928 L of factory wastewater was performed. The factory wastewater is wastewater from a factory for manufacturing metal processed parts, and mainly contains organic components such as cutting oil and trace heavy metal components such as lead.
In the filtration treatment operation, the factory wastewater in the water tank 1 to be treated is drained from the factory, the pump 3 is operated, and the three-way valves 71 and 72 are used to change the liquid flow direction every 30 minutes to perform steps 1 and 2. The factory wastewater was filtered while repeating the process. The filtered water filtered by each reverse osmosis membrane module is sent from each of the filtered water lines 12, 22, 32, 42 to the filtered water tank 4, and the concentrated water that has passed through each reverse osmosis membrane module is the water to be treated. It is returned to the tank 1 and the filtration process is performed again.
After the filtration treatment operation for 640 minutes, the amount of the concentrated liquid in the water tank 1 to be treated became 88 L (10.5 times concentrated).

During the filtration treatment operation, the inlet pressure of the water to be treated, the outlet pressure of the water to be treated, the outlet flow rate of the water to be treated, the flow rate of the filtered water, and the temperature of the water to be treated changed in the following ranges.
Inlet pressure (measured by water line 2a to be treated): 4.0 to 5.0 MPa
Outlet pressure (measured by concentrated water line 41a): 2.5-4.0 MPa
Outlet flow rate (measured at concentrated water line 41a): 28 to 31 L / min Filtered water flow rate (measured at the point where all of the filtered water lines 12, 22, 32, 42 meet): 1.1 to 1.6 L / Minute Water to be treated temperature (measured in the water tank 1 to be treated): 32.7 to 47.0 ° C.

COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) and lead concentration of factory wastewater before filtration treatment operation, concentrated liquid in water tank 1 to be treated after filtration treatment operation, and filtered water in filtered water tank 4 after filtration treatment operation. It was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

1 Water tank to be treated 4 Water filter tank 10 1st reverse osmosis membrane module 20 2nd reverse osmosis membrane module 30 3rd reverse osmosis membrane module 40 4th reverse osmosis membrane module 50 External casing 51 Water inlet to be treated 52 Concentrated water outlet 53 Filtration water outlet 60 Tubular membrane element 70 Liquid flow direction changer 80 Pre-treated water line 81 Pre-concentrated water line

Claims (10)

A filtration treatment device including a water tank to be treated, a plurality of reverse osmosis membrane modules, and a filtered water tank (n is a positive integer of 4 to 10 in the following, and n is the same number in one filtration treatment device. ),
The reverse osmosis membrane module is one in which a plurality of tubular membrane elements of the reverse osmosis membrane are housed in a tubular outer casing.
The tubular outer casing has an inlet for water to be treated, an outlet for concentrated water, and an outlet for filtered water.
The plurality of tubular membrane elements are formed so that both ends thereof are connected so that water can pass through and the tubular membrane element as a whole becomes one tubular membrane element.
The first end opening of the one tubular membrane element is connected to the water inlet to be treated, and the second end opening opposite to the first end opening is connected to the concentrated water outlet. And
The reverse osmosis membrane module is composed of a combination of n reverse osmosis membrane modules in total from the first reverse osmosis membrane module to the nth reverse osmosis membrane module.
The combinations from the first reverse osmosis membrane module (10) to the nth reverse osmosis membrane module (40) are combined as in the following first to nth stages.
Further, a three-way valve (71) having three ports (71a), (71b), and (71c) and three ports (72a) between the water tank (1) to be treated and a total of n reverse osmosis membrane modules. A three-way valve (72) having, (72b), and (72c) is arranged, and the three-way valve (71) and the three-way valve (72) can change the flow direction of the water to be treated alternately. It is a tool,
The treated water line (2a) connected to the treated water tank (1) is branched, and one of the branched treated water lines (2a) is connected to the port (71a) of the three-way valve (71). A filtration treatment device in which the other end of the branched water line to be treated (2a) is connected to the port (72a) of the three-way valve (72).
(1st stage)
The water tank (1) to be treated is the first reverse osmosis membrane module (10) at the water line to be treated (2a), the port (71a) and the port (71b) of the three-way valve (71), and the water line to be treated (2b). ) Is connected to the first water inlet (10a) to be treated.
The first concentrated water outlet (10b) of the first reverse osmosis membrane module (10) and the second water inlet (20a) of the second reverse osmosis membrane module (20) are connected by a first concentrated water line (11). ,
The first filtered water outlet (10c) of the first reverse osmosis membrane module (10) and the filtered water tank (4) are connected by a first filtered water line (12).
(From the 2nd stage to the n-1th stage)
The concentrated water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane module in the previous stage and the water inlet to be treated in the reverse osmosis membrane module are connected by the concentrated water line in the previous stage.
The concentrated water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane module and the water inlet of the next reverse osmosis membrane module are connected by a concentrated water line.
The filtered water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane module and the filtered water tank are connected by a filtered water line.
(Nth stage)
The n-1 concentrated water outlet (30b) of the n-1th reverse osmosis membrane module (30) and the nth treated water inlet (40a) of the nth reverse osmosis membrane module (40) are the n-1 concentrated water lines. Connected at (31)
The nth concentrated water outlet (40b) of the nth reverse osmosis membrane module (40) is connected to the port (72b) of the three-way valve (72) by the nth concentrated water line (41b).
The port (71c) of the three-way valve (71) and the port (72c) of the three-way valve (72) are connected by a connection line, and the connection line and the water tank (1) to be treated are connected to the nth concentrated water line (41a). ) Connected
The nth filtered water outlet (40c) of the nth reverse osmosis membrane module (40) and the filtered water tank (4) are connected by the nth filtered water line (42). The filtration treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the reverse osmosis membrane module includes a plurality of tubular membrane elements of a reverse osmosis membrane having an inner diameter of 5 to 20 mm in a tubular outer casing. The reverse osmosis membrane module contains a plurality of reverse osmosis membrane tubular membrane elements having an inner diameter of 5 to 20 mm in a tubular outer casing, and the reverse osmosis membrane tubular membrane elements are made of cellulose acetate. The filtration processing apparatus according to claim 1. A filtration treatment device including a water tank to be treated, a plurality of reverse osmosis membrane modules, and a filtered water tank (n is a positive integer of 4 to 10 in the following, and n is the same number in one filtration treatment device. ),
The reverse osmosis membrane module is one in which a plurality of tubular membrane elements of the reverse osmosis membrane are housed in a tubular outer casing.
The tubular outer casing has an inlet for water to be treated, an outlet for concentrated water, and an outlet for filtered water.
The plurality of tubular membrane elements are formed so that both ends thereof are connected so that water can pass through and the tubular membrane element as a whole becomes one tubular membrane element.
The first end opening of the one tubular membrane element is connected to the water inlet to be treated, and the second end opening opposite to the first end opening is connected to the concentrated water outlet. And
The reverse osmosis membrane module is composed of a combination of n reverse osmosis membrane modules in total from the first reverse osmosis membrane module (10) to the nth reverse osmosis membrane module (40).
The combinations from the first reverse osmosis membrane module (10) to the nth reverse osmosis membrane module (40) are combined as in the following first to nth stages.
Further, a three-way valve (71) having three ports (71a), (71b) and (71c) and three ports (72a) between the water tank (1) to be treated and a total of n reverse osmosis membrane modules. A three-way valve (72) having, (72b), and (72c) is arranged, and the three-way valve (71) and the three-way valve (72) can change the flow direction of the water to be treated alternately. It is a tool,
The treated water line (2a) connected to the treated water tank (1) is branched, and one of the branched treated water lines (2a) is connected to the port (71a) of the three-way valve (71). The other end of the branched water line to be treated is connected to the port (72a) of the three-way valve (72).
In addition, it is equipped with a pre-treated water line (80) and a pre-concentrated water line (81).
The first end opening of the pre-treated water line (80) is between the port (71b) of the three-way valve (71) and the first water inlet (10a) of the first reverse osmosis membrane module (10). The preliminary water to be treated is connected to the port (82b) of the three-way valve (82) via the three-way valve (82) having the ports (82a), (82b) and (82c) on the water line (2b) to be treated. The second end opening opposite to the first end opening of the line (80) is from the second water inlet (20a) of the second reverse osmosis membrane module (20) to the nth reverse osmosis membrane module (40). ) Can be connected to any of the nth water inlets to be treated (40a).
The first end opening of the pre-concentrated water line (81) is the nth between the port (72b) of the three-way valve (72) and the nth concentrated water outlet (40b) of the nth reverse osmosis membrane module (40). The pre-concentrated water line (41b) is connected to the port (83b) of the three-way valve (83) via a three-way valve (83) having ports (83a), (83b), (83c) to the concentrated water line (41b). The second end opening on the opposite side of the first end opening of 81) is from the first concentrated water outlet (10b) of the first reverse osmosis membrane module (10) to the n-1 reverse osmosis membrane module (30). A filtration treatment device that can be connected to any of the n-1th concentrated water outlets (30b).
(1st stage)
The water tank (1) to be treated is the first reverse osmosis membrane module (10) at the water line to be treated (2a), the port (71a) and the port (71b) of the three-way valve (71), and the water line to be treated (2b). ) Is connected to the first water inlet (10a) to be treated.
The first concentrated water outlet (10b) of the first reverse osmosis membrane module (10) and the second water inlet (20a) of the second reverse osmosis membrane module (20) are connected by a first concentrated water line (11). ,
The first filtered water outlet (10c) of the first reverse osmosis membrane module (10) and the filtered water tank (4) are connected by a first filtered water line (12).
(From the 2nd stage to the n-1th stage)
The concentrated water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane module in the previous stage and the water inlet to be treated in the reverse osmosis membrane module are connected by the concentrated water line in the previous stage.
The concentrated water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane module and the water inlet of the next reverse osmosis membrane module are connected by a concentrated water line.
The filtered water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane module and the filtered water tank are connected by a filtered water line.
(Nth stage)
The n-1 concentrated water outlet (30b) of the n-1th reverse osmosis membrane module (30) and the nth treated water inlet (40a) of the nth reverse osmosis membrane module (40) are the n-1 concentrated water lines. Connected at (31)
The nth concentrated water outlet (40b) of the nth reverse osmosis membrane module (40) is connected to the port (72b) of the three-way valve (72) by the nth concentrated water line (41b).
The port (71c) of the three-way valve (71) and the port (72c) of the three-way valve (72) are connected by a connection line, and the connection line and the water tank (1) to be treated are connected to the nth concentrated water line (41a). ) Connected
The nth filtered water outlet (40c) of the nth reverse osmosis membrane module (40) and the filtered water tank (4) are connected by the nth filtered water line (42). The filtration processing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the reverse osmosis membrane module contains 15 to 50 tubular membrane elements of a reverse osmosis membrane having an inner diameter of 5 to 20 mm in a tubular outer casing. The reverse osmosis membrane module contains a plurality of reverse osmosis membrane tubular membrane elements having an inner diameter of 5 to 20 mm in a tubular outer casing, and the reverse osmosis membrane tubular membrane elements are made of cellulose acetate. The filtration processing apparatus according to claim 4. The method for operating the filtration processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
Step 1 in which the water to be treated in the water tank to be treated is passed in the order of the first reverse osmosis membrane module to the nth reverse osmosis membrane module and filtered by each reverse osmosis membrane module, and the liquid passing direction changing tool. The three-way valve (71) and the three-way valve (72) change the flow direction of the water to be treated, and the water to be treated in the water tank to be treated is transferred from the nth reverse osmosis membrane module to the first reverse osmosis membrane. A method for operating a filtration processing device, comprising step 2 in which liquids are passed in the order of modules and filtered by each reverse osmosis membrane module. The operation method of the filtration processing apparatus according to any one of claims 4 to 6.
Step 1.
The liquid flow direction of the water to be treated is changed by the three-way valve (71) and the three-way valve (72), which are the liquid flow direction changing tools, and the water to be treated in the water tank to be treated is passed through the nth reverse osmosis membrane. Step 2, in which liquid is passed from the module to the first reverse osmosis membrane module in this order and filtered by each reverse osmosis membrane module.
The second end opening of the pre-treated water line is connected to any of the second reverse osmosis membrane module from the second water inlet to the nth reverse osmosis membrane module to the nth reverse osmosis membrane module. Step 3.
The second end opening of the pre-concentrated water line is connected to any of the first concentrated water outlet of the first reverse osmosis membrane module to the n-1 concentrated water outlet of the n-1 reverse osmosis membrane module. Step 4, in which the water to be treated in the water tank to be treated is passed through the water line to be treated, the water to be treated is sent to each reverse osmosis membrane module, and the water to be treated is filtered by each reverse osmosis membrane module.
The second end opening of the preliminary water line to be treated is connected to any of the water inlets of the second reverse permeable membrane module from the second inlet of the reverse permeable membrane module to the nth inlet of the reverse permeable membrane module. The second end opening of the concentrated water line is connected to any of the outlets of the first concentrated water of the first reverse permeable membrane module to the outlet of the n-1 concentrated water of the n-1 reverse permeable membrane module, and the subject is covered. The water to be treated in the treated water tank is passed through both the water to be treated line and the preliminary water to be treated line, the water to be treated is sent to each back permeable membrane module, and the water to be treated is filtered by each back permeable membrane module. Step 5,
After performing step 3, the liquid flow direction of the water to be treated is changed by the three-way valve (71) and the three-way valve (72) which are the liquid flow direction changing tools, and the water to be treated in the water to be treated tank is changed. Step 6 of passing the liquid through the nth concentrated water line, sending the water to be treated to each reverse osmosis membrane module, and filtering with each reverse osmosis membrane module 6.
After performing step 4, the liquid flow direction of the water to be treated is changed by the three-way valve (71) and the three-way valve (72) which are the liquid flow direction changing tools, and each back permeable membrane module is treated. After performing step 7 and step 5 in which water is sent and filtered by each back-penetration membrane module, the water to be treated is subjected to the three-way valve (71) and the three-way valve (72), which are the liquid flow direction changing tools. By changing the flow direction, the water to be treated in the water tank to be treated is passed through both the nth concentrated water line and the pre-concentrated water line, and the water to be treated is sent to each back-penetration membrane module. , Has step 8 of filtering with each back-penetration membrane module,
Operation of a filtration processing apparatus in which step 1 and step 2 are essential steps, and at least one set of steps selected from each combination of step 3 and step 6, step 4 and step 7 and step 5 and step 8 is carried out. Method. The plurality of tubular membrane elements are formed so that both ends thereof are connected so that water can pass through them to form a single tubular membrane element as a whole, and the inside of the plurality of tubular membrane elements is contained in a sponge ball. The operation method of the filtration processing apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the film surface is washed. After carrying out the operation method of the filtration treatment device according to any one of claims 7 to 9 for the water to be treated, an evaporation step of separating the water content and the solid content of the concentrated water after the filtration treatment is carried out. A method for treating water to be treated, which achieves ZLD (Zero Liquid Discharge) in which the amount of liquid discharged from concentrated water is zero.

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