JP7040926B2 - Punching device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a punching device , and more particularly to a punching device for making the hole diameter uniform.

In order to understand the effect of multi-axis load on the fatigue characteristics of materials, it is necessary to carry out fatigue tests of single-axis load and multi-axis load and compare their results. There are multiple test methods used for multi-axis strength research, and the multi-axis state that can be realized differs depending on the shape of the test piece and the test method. Among these, the test of applying tension / compression and repeated twisting using a thin-walled cylindrical test piece is the most widely adopted method.

In the test method using this thin-walled cylindrical test piece, by reducing the plate thickness of the test piece, the gradient of stress and strain at the gauge point portion becomes small, and a highly accurate test can be carried out. A lever-type extensometer is often used as a strain measurement method for a cylindrical test piece. When installing a lever-type extensometer, it is necessary to prevent the tip of the extensometer from shifting due to a torsional load, so a dent may be formed on the surface of the test piece.

However, when the dent is formed by the punch, the thickness of the test piece is thin, so that the test piece may be damaged. Therefore, in the invention described in Patent Document 1, a core is inserted into the hollow portion of the test piece, and a dent is made in the test piece by using a jig having an upper lid having a through hole for inserting a punch. It has been proposed to form.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-099830

However, in the invention described in Patent Document 1, a dent is formed by a worker hitting a punch inserted in a through hole of an upper lid with a tool such as a hammer. Therefore, there is a problem that the hole diameter of the dent varies depending on the force of the worker, the proficiency level, and the like.

The present invention has been devised in view of such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a punching device capable of making the hole diameter uniform regardless of the force of the operator, the proficiency level, and the like.

According to the present invention, a punch positioning jig having a through hole arranged on an object to be drilled and into which a punch can be inserted, and a guide arranged so as to include the through hole on the punch positioning jig. Provided is a punching device comprising a cylinder and a weight that is dropped from above the guide cylinder to the inside , wherein the guide cylinder is provided with a posture adjusting means for adjusting the posture of the punch. ..

The guide cylinder may be provided with a stopper for setting the drop height of the weight. Further, the guide cylinder may be arranged on the side surface along the stretching direction and may have a plurality of insertion holes through which the stopper can be inserted.

Further , the guide cylinder may be provided with an opening on the side surface where the punch can be visually recognized.

The perforated object is, for example, a test piece for a fatigue test.

According to the punching device according to the present invention described above, the weight is freely dropped from above the punch installed in the punch positioning jig to give an impact to the punch to form a dent or a through hole in the object to be drilled. Can be done. Therefore, by adjusting the weight and drop height of the weight, a predetermined load can be applied to the punch regardless of who operates it, and the hole diameter can be made uniform regardless of the operator's force or proficiency. Can be planned.

It is sectional drawing which shows the punching apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the punch positioning jig, (a) is a plan view, (b) is the B arrow view in FIG. 2 (a). It is a figure which shows the guide cylinder, (a) is a side view, (b) is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 3 (a), (c) is a sectional view taken along line CC in FIG. 3 (a). be. It is sectional drawing which shows the modification of the guide cylinder, (a) shows the first modification, (b) shows the second modification. It is a flow figure which shows the punching method which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. Here, FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a punching device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2A and 2B are views showing a punch positioning jig, where FIG. 2A is a plan view and FIG. 2B is a view taken along the line B in FIG. 2A. 3A and 3B are views showing a guide cylinder, FIG. 3A is a side view, FIG. 3B is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 3A, and FIG. 3C is a line CC in FIG. 3A. It is a cross-sectional view.

As shown in FIG. 1, the punching device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a punch positioning jig 2 having a through hole 21 arranged on a drilling object M and into which a punch P can be inserted, and a punch. It includes a guide cylinder 3 arranged so as to include a through hole 21 on the positioning jig 2, and a weight 4 that is dropped from above the guide cylinder 3 to the inside.

The drilling object M is, for example, a thin-walled cylindrical test piece for a fatigue test. Such a test piece includes a thin-walled cylindrical portion arranged in an intermediate portion and circular flange portions arranged on both sides of the thin-walled cylindrical portion. In this thin-walled cylindrical test piece, a recess for arranging the tip of the extensometer is formed on the surface of the thin-walled cylindrical portion.

The drilling object M is not limited to the thin-walled cylindrical test piece, but includes all the parts for which a dent (hole) or a through hole is desired to be formed on the surface. For example, the perforated object M may be a flat plate-shaped part or a part having a complicated three-dimensional shape. Further, in the present specification, "perforation" shall include both a depression (hole) and a through hole.

As shown in FIG. 1, the punching device 1 is placed on a punch stand 5 arranged on a floor surface. The punch stand 5 is a component that absorbs an impact during punching, and may be made of resin or metal. The punch stand 5 can be omitted if necessary.

The perforated object M is arranged on the pedestal 6 arranged on the punch table 5 as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b). The pedestal 6 is a component for positioning the drilling object M. In the present embodiment, since the drilling object M has a circular outer shape, the pedestal 6 has a V-shaped groove 61 for preventing the drilling object M from rolling. The pedestal 6 can be arbitrarily changed depending on the shape of the drilling object M. For example, the pedestal 6 may have a recess for accommodating the entire outer shape of the perforated object M, or the perforated object M may be fixed to the pedestal 6 by using another part such as a bracket. good.

The punch positioning jig 2 includes, for example, a top plate portion 22 arranged on the drilling object M placed on the pedestal 6 and a ceiling portion 22 as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b). It has a plurality of leg portions 23 that support the plate portion 22. The leg portion 23 is composed of, for example, four columnar members arranged on the punch stand 5. The leg portion 23 may be fixed to the pedestal 6 by a fastener such as a bolt in order to suppress the relative movement between the punch positioning jig 2 and the pedestal 6.

The top plate portion 22 is formed with a through hole 21 having a diameter into which the punch P can be inserted. The top plate portion 22 is fixed to the leg portion 23 by, for example, a fastener such as a bolt. At this time, the top plate portion 22 may be in contact with the perforated object M or may be in a separated state. Further, the top plate portion 22 may be formed with a concave portion or a convex portion for positioning the guide cylinder 3. The top plate portion 22 and the leg portion 23 may be integrally formed.

The through hole 21 has a recess (hole) in the drilling object M in a state where the drilling object M is placed on the pedestal 6, the leg portion 23 is fixed to the pedestal 6, and the top plate portion 22 is fixed to the leg portion 23. It is formed on the vertical line of the place where you want to form. When forming a plurality of dents (holes), a plurality of through holes 21 may be formed in the top plate portion 22.

The punch P is, for example, a rod-shaped tool with a pointed or rounded tip. The punch P can be arbitrarily selected according to the shape of the formed recess (hole) or through hole. Further, in general, the punch P is selected to be made of a material harder than the drilling object M.

Further, the punch P has a shape in which the tip is inserted into the through hole 21 of the punch positioning jig 2 and the tip can maintain an upright posture in a state of being in contact with the drilling object M. For example, when the drilling object M and the top plate portion 22 are separated from each other, the punch P may have a shape having a high center of gravity, but when the drilling target object M and the top plate portion 22 are close to each other (for example,). In the case of abutting), it is preferable that the punch P has a shape having a low center of gravity.

The guide cylinder 3 is, for example, a component having a substantially cylindrical shape, as shown in FIGS. 3 (a) to 3 (c). The guide cylinder 3 is placed on the punch P with the punch P inserted into the through hole 21 of the punch positioning jig 2, and the punch positioning jig 2 contains the punch P (that is, the through hole 21). Placed on top. Further, the guide cylinder 3 may be configured to be self-supporting when placed on the upper surface of the punch positioning jig 2.

The guide cylinder 3 may be fixed to the upper surface of the punch positioning jig 2 by using a fastener such as a bolt. Further, the outer circumference of the guide cylinder 3 is not limited to a circular shape, and may be a rectangular shape, an elliptical shape, or the like. Further, the guide cylinder 3 may be made of resin or metal.

For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the guide cylinder 3 may include a posture adjusting means 31 for adjusting the posture of the punch P. The posture adjusting means 31 is composed of, for example, a screw hole 31a formed on the side surface of the guide cylinder 3 and three bolts 31b inserted into and screwed into the screw hole 31a.

Since the diameter of the through hole 21 of the punch positioning jig 2 is formed to be larger than the diameter of the punch P, the punch P may be slightly tilted when the punch P is inserted into the through hole 21. In this case, it is expected that the tip of the punch P will be slightly displaced from the position where the depression (hole) is desired to be formed. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the tip of the bolt 31b is brought into contact with the upper portion of the punch P, and the posture of the punch P is adjusted so as to be substantially along the vertical direction to reduce the displacement of the punch P.

Since the posture adjusting means 31 is a means for horizontally positioning the upper end (rear end) of the punch P, it is configured to be able to abut on at least three points on the side surface of the punch P to restrain the punch P. Will be done. For example, as shown in FIG. 3C, the screw holes 31a are evenly formed on the side surface of the guide cylinder 3 at intervals of a central angle of 120 degrees.

Further, in the present embodiment, the bolt 31b is used as a means for bringing the punch P into contact with the punch P, but the configuration is not limited to this. For example, the posture adjusting means 31 may have a telescopic rod such as an electric cylinder or an air cylinder, or may be a pin that can be simply inserted into a through hole. However, it is necessary that the posture adjusting means 31 does not interfere with the punch P when the weight 4 is dropped and does not hinder the vertical movement of the punch P.

Further, the guide cylinder 3 may be provided with an opening 32 on the side surface where the punch P can be visually recognized. The opening 32 is a viewing window used when adjusting the posture of the punch P by the posture adjusting means 31. The opening 32 may have a rectangular shape, a circular shape, or an elongated hole shape as long as the punch P can be visually recognized.

If the posture adjusting means 31 is not provided, or if the posture of the punch P can be grasped by using a sensor, a camera, or the like, the opening 32 may be omitted.

Further, the guide cylinder 3 may be provided with a stopper 33 for setting the drop height of the weight 4, and a plurality of insertion holes 34 arranged on the side surface along the extending direction and capable of inserting the stopper 33. The stopper 33 is, for example, a pin that can be inserted into the insertion hole 34. Note that FIG. 1 illustrates a state in which the direction in which the stopper 33 is inserted is deflected by 90 degrees in the horizontal plane for convenience of explanation.

In FIG. 1, the stopper 33 is penetrated through both the facing side surfaces of the guide cylinder 3 to support both ends, but when the weight 4 is lightweight, it is cantilevered by penetrating only one side surface of the guide cylinder 3. The stopper 33 may be arranged so as to be in a supported state. When the stopper 33 is supported at both ends, the insertion holes 34 are formed at the same height on the opposite side surfaces, and when the stopper 33 is cantilevered, the insertion holes 34 are formed only on one side of the side surface. Just do it.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the insertion holes 34 are separated from each other in the stretching direction of the guide cylinder 3 at predetermined intervals (for example, 10 mm intervals). Therefore, the drop height of the weight 4 can be arbitrarily adjusted according to the position where the stopper 33 is inserted.

The shape of the insertion hole 34 is formed to match the shape of the stopper 33. For example, when the stopper 33 has a pin shape, the insertion hole 34 may have a round hole shape, or the stopper 33 may have a round hole shape. When the shape is a flat plate, the insertion hole 34 may have a slit shape.

The configuration for setting the drop height of the weight 4 is not limited to the combination of the stopper 33 and the insertion hole 34, and the position of the weight 4 may be temporarily held and the weight 4 may be dropped during punching. If possible, other configurations may be used.

For example, the drop height of the weight 4 may be adjusted by the height of the guide cylinder 3. Here, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the guide cylinder, (a) shows a first modified example, and (b) shows a second modified example.

In the first modification shown in FIG. 4A, the height Ha of the guide cylinder 3 is higher than that of the guide cylinder 3 shown in FIG. Further, in the second modification shown in FIG. 4B, the height Hb of the guide cylinder 3 is lower than that of the guide cylinder 3 shown in FIG.

In this way, when the drop height of the weight 4 is adjusted by the height of the guide cylinder 3, for example, the stopper 33 and the insertion hole 34 are omitted, and the weight 4 is manually inserted into the guide cylinder 3. You may drop it.

The weight 4 is a component that is inserted into the guide cylinder 3 and freely dropped. As shown in FIG. 1, the weight 4 is arranged inside the guide cylinder 3 with the stopper 33 inserted through the guide cylinder 3. After that, the weight 4 is dropped in the guide cylinder 3 by pulling out the stopper 33 from the insertion hole 34. The weight 4 has a shape that can be inserted into the guide cylinder 3, and has, for example, a cylindrical shape or a rectangular parallelepiped shape.

The weight of the weight 4 can be arbitrarily set according to conditions such as the hardness of the object M to be drilled, the depth of the recess (hole) to be drilled, and the drop height. For example, when the object M to be drilled is a thin-walled cylindrical test piece and the drop height of the weight 4 is about 100 to 300 mm, the weight of the weight 4 is sufficient to be about 100 to 300 g.

In the above-described embodiment, in order to form a predetermined recess (hole) in the drilling object M, it is necessary to set the load applied to the punch P in advance. That is, the weight and drop height of the weight 4 are adjusted so that a load capable of forming a predetermined recess (hole) can be applied to the punch P when the weight 4 is freely dropped and collided with the punch P. Set.

For example, when the drilling object M is a test piece for a fatigue test, its material properties are often unclear. Therefore, a test piece for data acquisition is created, and the weight and drop height of the weight 4 are determined. It is advisable to obtain the correlation with the formed hole diameter in advance.

Next, a punching method using the punching device 1 described above will be described. Here, FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing a punching method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The punching method according to the embodiment of the present invention includes an object arranging step S1 in which the punched object M is arranged on the pedestal 6, and punch positioning provided with a through hole 21 into which the punch P can be inserted on the punched object M. A jig installation step S2 for arranging the jig 2, a punch installation step S3 for inserting the punch P into the through hole 21, and a guide for arranging the guide cylinder 3 so as to include the punch P on the punch positioning jig 2. The cylinder installation step S4, the posture adjustment step S5 for adjusting the posture of the punch P, the weight adjustment step S6 for setting the weight and drop height of the weight 4, and the weight for dropping the weight 4 from above the guide cylinder 3 to the inside. The drop step S7 and the like are provided.

The object placement step S1 is a step of positioning the drilled object M. Specifically, the drilling object M is placed or fixed on the pedestal 6 arranged on the punch pedestal 5 so as not to move during punching.

The jig installation step S2 is a step of arranging the punch positioning jig 2 on the pedestal 6. Specifically, the leg portion 23 is fixed to the pedestal 6, and the top plate portion 22 is fixed to the leg portion 23. At this time, the top plate portion 22 is fixed so that the through hole 21 formed in the top plate portion 22 is arranged on the vertical line of the portion where the recess (hole) of the drilling object M is desired to be formed.

The punch installation step S3 is a step of arranging the punch P on the punch positioning jig 2. Specifically, the tip of the punch P is inserted into the through hole 21, and the tip of the punch P is brought into contact with a portion of the punch P to be formed with a recess (hole).

The guide cylinder installation step S4 is a step of arranging the guide cylinder 3 so as to surround the punch P. Specifically, the lower end of the guide cylinder 3 is brought into contact with the upper surface of the top plate portion 22 so as to stand so that the punch P is located inside the guide cylinder 3.

The posture adjusting step S5 is a step of correcting the inclination of the punch P by the posture adjusting means 31. Specifically, the bolt 31b is inserted into the screw hole 31a formed on the side surface of the guide cylinder 3, and the tip of the bolt 31b is brought into contact with the punch P while being screwed to adjust the posture of the punch P.

The weight adjusting step S6 is a step of setting the weight and the drop height of the weight 4 for applying a load required for forming a recess (hole) having a predetermined hole diameter to the punch P. Specifically, the correlation between the type of the object M to be drilled, the weight and drop height of the weight 4, and the hole diameter to be drilled is obtained in advance, and the weight and drop height of the weight 4 are selected based on the data. do. Then, for example, the stopper 33 is inserted into the insertion hole 34 formed on the side surface of the guide cylinder 3, the weight 4 is arranged inside the guide cylinder 3, and the stopper 33 is temporarily inserted according to the set drop height. Lock.

The weight dropping step S7 is, for example, a step of pulling out the stopper 33 from the insertion hole 34 to allow the weight 4 to fall freely (natural fall). In this way, when the weight 4 is dropped in the guide cylinder 3, the weight 4 collides with the upper end of the punch P, a predetermined load is applied to the punch P, and the tip of the punch P bites into the surface of the punched object M. , A dent (hole) having a predetermined hole diameter is formed.

The punching method according to the present embodiment is described based on the punching device 1 according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, but for example, modifications shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b). Can also be applied to. In these modified examples, in the weight adjusting step S6, the drop height of the weight 4 is set by changing the height of the guide cylinder 3. Further, in the weight dropping step S7, the operator may grasp the weight 4 by hand, move it into the guide cylinder 3, and drop it by releasing the hand.

According to the punching method using the punching device 1 according to the present embodiment described above, the weight 4 is freely dropped from above the punch P installed on the punch positioning jig 2 to give an impact to the punch P to be drilled. A dent (hole) or a through hole can be formed in the object M. Therefore, by adjusting the weight and drop height of the weight 4, a predetermined load can be applied to the punch P regardless of who operates it, and the hole diameter is uniform regardless of the operator's force or proficiency. Can be achieved.

It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

1 Punching device 2 Punch positioning jig 3 Guide cylinder 4 Weight 5 Punch stand 6 Pedestal 21 Through hole 22 Top plate 23 Leg 31 Posture adjustment means 31a Screw hole 31b Bolt 32 Opening 33 Stopper 34 Insertion hole 61 Groove M Drilling target Object P Punch S1 Object placement process S2 Positioning jig installation process S3 Punch installation process S4 Guide cylinder installation process S5 Attitude adjustment process S6 Weight adjustment process S7 Weight drop process

Claims (5)

A punch positioning jig with a through hole that is placed on the object to be drilled and into which the punch can be inserted.
A guide cylinder arranged so as to include the through hole on the punch positioning jig, and
A weight that is dropped from above the guide tube to the inside is provided.
The guide cylinder includes a posture adjusting means for adjusting the posture of the punch.
A punching device characterized by that. The punching device according to claim 1, wherein the guide cylinder includes a stopper for setting a drop height of the weight. The punching device according to claim 2, wherein the guide cylinder is arranged on a side surface along a stretching direction and includes a plurality of insertion holes through which the stopper can be inserted. The punching device according to claim 1 , wherein the guide cylinder is provided with an opening on the side surface where the punch can be visually recognized. The punching device according to claim 1, wherein the perforated object is a test piece for a fatigue test.

Images