JP7054501B2 - Canoe - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a canoe.

In general, a canoe (for example, Patent Document 1) is designed with the design concept of suppressing water resistance by making the outer shape streamlined.

Jitsukaihei 6-42589 Gazette

In slalom, one of the canoeing competitions, athletes descend the river from upstream to downstream through the gate. The present inventors have conceived that the navigation speed of a canoe can be increased by utilizing the flow of a river.

The present invention has been proposed in view of such conventional circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a canoe capable of increasing the navigation speed by utilizing the flow of a river.

In order to achieve the above object, the canoe of one aspect of the present invention is a canoe provided with a hull extending in the front-rear direction, and the hull is a bottom portion constituting the bottom surface of the hull and a bottom portion of the bottom portion. It has a cover portion located on the upper side, and a hollow portion surrounded by the bottom portion and the cover portion is provided inside, and the cover portion has a boarding opening that penetrates in the vertical direction and connects to the hollow portion. The bottom portion is provided and has a protruding portion located directly below the boarding opening and projecting downward.

In the above-mentioned canoe, the outer surface of the protruding portion may have a blunt object shape.

In the above-mentioned canoe, the bottom portion may be provided with a first recess located behind the protruding portion and opening toward the rear.

In the canoe described above, the first recess is located on both sides in the width direction of the rear surface facing the opening, the top surface facing downward and extending rearward from the rear surface, and the top surface. It may be configured to be composed of at least a pair of side wall surfaces extending along the front-rear direction, and the rear surface may be provided with a convex portion extending along the vertical direction and projecting rearward.

In the above-mentioned canoe, the side wall surface may be provided with a slit that penetrates in the width direction and extends in the vertical direction.

In the above-mentioned canoe, the bottom portion may be provided with a second recess located in front of the protruding portion and opening toward the rear.

In the canoe described above, the hull is formed thinner from the center in the width direction toward the outside in the width direction in the rear region portion located behind the protrusion, and the upper surface and the lower surface are connected at an acute angle at both ends in the width direction. It may be configured as such.

In the canoe described above, in the cross section of the rear region portion, the upper surface is inclined while curving downward from the center toward the outside in the width direction, and in the cross section of the rear region portion, the lower surface is. It may be configured such that the radius of curvature of the lower surface is larger than the radius of curvature of the upper surface by inclining while curving toward the upper side from the center toward the outside in the width direction.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a canoe capable of increasing the navigation speed by utilizing the flow of a river.

Perspective view of the canoe of the embodiment. Top view of the canoe. Bottom view of the canoe. Side view of the canoe. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VV of FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI of FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VII-VII of FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and can be arbitrarily changed within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. Further, in the following drawings, in order to make each configuration easy to understand, the scale and number of each structure may be different from the actual structure.

Further, in the following description, the navigation direction of the canoe 1, that is, the direction in which the passenger M boarding the canoe 1 is facing is referred to as the front, and the rear, the left, the right, the upper, and the lower are defined with respect to the front. More specifically, the direction opposite to the front is called the rear, and the direction orthogonal to the front-back direction in the horizontal plane is called the left-right direction or the width direction. Further, the direction orthogonal to the front-back direction and the left-right direction is called the up-down direction.

<Canoe>
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the canoe 1 of the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the canoe 1. FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the canoe 1. FIG. 4 is a side view of the canoe 1. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VV of FIG.

The canoe 1 of the present embodiment is a canoe for competition specialized to be used for slalom, which is one of the canoe competitions. Canoe 1 carries one passenger (competitor) M and sails from the upstream side to the downstream side of the river. In the canoe 1, the navigation direction and the navigation speed are controlled by the operation of the paddle by the passenger M, the weight transfer, and the like.

As shown in FIG. 4, the canoe 1 includes a hull 2 extending in the front-rear direction and a seating portion 4 arranged inside the hull 2. The hull 2 has a bottom portion 10 constituting the bottom surface of the hull 2, and a cover portion 50 located above the bottom portion 10. Further, inside the hull 2, a hollow portion 3 surrounded by a bottom portion 10 and a cover portion 50 is provided.

The bottom portion 10 and the cover portion 50 constituting the hull 2 are formed of FRP (Fiber-Reinforced Plastics), and the bottom portion 10 and the cover portion 50 are made of a metal plate. Further, the bottom portion 10 and the cover portion 50 may be formed by applying lacquer to the surface of Japanese paper and curing it.

(Cover part)
The cover portion 50 is a plate material extending in the front-rear direction. The cover portion 50 is gently curved and inclined downward from the center in the width direction toward the outside in the width direction. The cover portion 50 covers the bottom portion 10 from above.

The cover portion 50 is provided with a boarding opening 51 that penetrates in the vertical direction and connects to the hollow portion 3. The boarding opening 51 communicates the hollow portion 3 to the outside. A seating portion 4 is housed in the hollow portion 3 of the hull 2 and directly below the boarding opening 51. Passenger M gets into the canoe 1 from the boarding opening 51. The passenger M gets on the canoe 1 with the lower half of the body housed inside the hollow portion 3, the buttocks mounted on the seating portion 4, and the upper half of the body exposed to the outside through the boarding opening 51.
In this embodiment, the case where only one boarding opening 51 is provided in the cover portion 50 is illustrated, but in a canoe on which a plurality of passengers are boarding, a plurality of boarding openings may be provided. .. In this case, the protrusion 30 described in the latter part is located directly below any one of the plurality of boarding openings.

(Bottom part)
The bottom portion 10 has a first member 11, a second member 12, and a third member 13. The first member 11 extends from the front end of the hull 2 to the rear of the boarding opening 51. The second member 12 is located on the rear side of the first member 11. The second member 12 extends from the vicinity of the boarding opening 51 to the rear end of the hull 2. The rear part of the first member 11 overlaps with the front part of the second member 12. The portion where the first member 11 and the second member 12 overlap each other constitutes the first recess 20 described later. The third member 13 is located in the hollow portion 3 and is fixed to the first member 11.

The first member 11 and the second member 12 are plate members extending in the front-rear direction. The first member 11 and the second member 12 are gently curved and inclined upward from the center in the width direction toward the outside in the width direction. The first member 11 and the second member 12 are connected to each other. Further, the first member 11 and the second member 12 are connected to the cover portion 50.

The first member 11 has a protruding portion 30 that projects downward. That is, the bottom portion 10 has a protruding portion 30. The protrusion 30 is located directly below the boarding opening 51. The protrusion 30 is located below the water surface WS. Since the bottom portion 10 of the canoe 1 is provided with the protruding portion 30, the drag coefficient and the projected area in the direction along the water flow are increased. Therefore, the canoe 1 is susceptible to water currents. Therefore, when the canoe 1 sails from the upstream side to the downstream side, it can be used as a propulsive force forward (that is, the downstream side) by receiving the flow of the river, and can sail from the upstream side to the downstream side at high speed. can.

The outer surface of the protrusion 30 has a blunt object shape. More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the outer surface of the protrusion 30 has a spherical region 30a curved in a spherical shape and a connecting region 30b surrounding the spherical region 30a. The spherical region 30a includes the lowest point LP on the lower surface of the canoe 1. The spherical region 30a extends diagonally upward from the lowest point LP. The connection region 30b smoothly connects the spherical region 30a and the region of the lower surface of the canoe 1 other than the protrusion 30. That is, the connection region 30b is curved and inclined while changing the radius of curvature in the direction away from the lowest point LP toward the upper side. In addition, in this specification, "spherical surface" is not limited to a spherical surface in a strict sense, and may be a shape similar to a spherical surface.

The protrusion 30 of the present embodiment receives the resistance of water from the rear and can be converted into a propulsive force, while is susceptible to the resistance of water from the front. Therefore, the protrusion 30 is provided from the front when the passenger M uses a paddle to accelerate the canoe 1 so as to be faster than the flow of the river, or when the passenger M tries to navigate against the flow of the river. Acceleration is hindered by the resistance of the water. According to the present embodiment, since the outer surface of the protruding portion 30 has a spherical object shape having a spherical region 30a and a connecting region 30b, it is possible to suppress the resistance of water when moving forward, and the acceleration performance of the canoe 1 can be achieved. Can be enhanced. It should be noted that such an effect is an effect when the outer surface of the protruding portion 30 has a blunt object shape, and the outer surface of the protruding portion 30 does not necessarily have to have the spherical region 30a and the connecting region 30b. ..

Here, the blunt body shape will be described in comparison with the streamlined shape.
The blunt object shape means a shape in which the pressure resistance is dominant among the resistances applied to the object when placed in a fluid (water in this embodiment). When an object in the shape of a blunt object is placed in a fluid, the boundary layer separates from the surface of the object at a position some distance from the tip of the object, and a vortex is formed behind the object. Since the pressure in this peeling region is low, the pressure difference between the front surface and the back surface of the object causes the object to have a strong resistance (pressure resistance) toward the back side. Examples of the blunt object shape include a sphere and a cylinder. On the other hand, in a streamlined object, the boundary layer does not peel off, the pressure resistance is extremely small, and the frictional resistance due to the viscosity of the fluid becomes dominant.
According to the present embodiment, since the outer surface of the protrusion 30 has a blunt object shape, the stress from the rear of the canoe 1 can be converted into a forward force, while the flow of water received by the canoe 1 from the front. Can be moderately parried.

The protrusion 30 is located directly below the boarding opening 51. Therefore, the protrusion 30 is located on the extension line of the body axis J of the passenger M. Therefore, when turning the canoe 1, the passenger M can move his / her weight backward and turn around the protrusion 30 with the front end of the hull 2 floating. Further, according to the present embodiment, since the spherical region 30a curved in a spherical shape is provided on the outer surface of the protruding portion 30, a canoe centered on the spherical protruding portion 30 due to the weight shift of the passenger M. The turning operation of 1 can be facilitated.
In a state where the passenger M is on the canoe 1 and the passenger M is floating on the water surface WS, the body axis J of the passenger M is tilted rearward with respect to the vertical axis V by an angle φ. In this embodiment, the angle φ is about 5 °. The angle φ is preferably more than 0 ° and 10 ° or less. As a result, not only can the posture of the passenger M be stabilized while the passenger M rests on the backrest inside the boarding opening 51, but also the weight shift in the front-rear direction and the turning operation of the canoe 1 by the passenger M can be performed. Can be facilitated.

As shown in FIG. 3, the first member 11 is provided with an opening 11a penetrating in the vertical direction. The opening 11a is located in front of the protrusion 30 in the first member 11. The opening 11a is covered from the inside of the hollow portion 3 by the third member 13.

As shown in FIG. 5, the third member 13 has an inclined wall 13a that inclines upward toward the front, and a front end wall 13b that is located at the front end of the inclined wall 13a and extends in the vertical direction. .. The rear end of the inclined wall 13a is connected to the first member 11. The rear end of the sloping wall 13a is located at the rear end of the opening 11a. The lower end of the front end wall 13b is connected to the first member 11. The lower end of the front end wall 13b is located in front of the front end of the opening 11a. A portion of the first member 11 that extends from the lower end of the front end wall 13b to the front end of the opening 11a is referred to as a bottom wall portion 11b.

A second recess 40 is provided in the region inside the hollow portion 3 surrounded by the third member 13. That is, the bottom portion 10 is provided with a second recess 40. The second recess 40 is composed of a bottom wall portion 11b of the first member 11, an inclined wall 13a of the third member 13, and a front end wall 13b. The opening of the second recess 40 is the opening 11a of the first member 11. The opening of the second recess 40 (ie, the opening 11a) opens downward. Further, since the inclined wall 13a extends forward from the edge of the opening 11a, the opening of the second recess 40 opens toward the rear.

The inclined wall 13a that covers the opening of the second recess 40 from the vertical direction inclines toward the upper side as it goes forward. That is, the inclined wall 13a is formed along the first member 11. Therefore, when the canoe 1 accelerates forward with respect to the water flow, it is less susceptible to water resistance.

As shown in FIG. 4, when the passenger M is on the canoe 1 and floats on the water surface WS, the opening of the second recess 40 is located below the water surface WS. Since the second recess 40 opens toward the rear, it receives a water flow flowing from the rear to the front of the canoe 1. According to the present embodiment, the canoe 1 is provided with the second recess 40, so that the flow of the river can be used as a forward propulsive force when navigating from the upstream side to the downstream side.

As shown in FIG. 5, the first member 11 and the second member 12 overlap each other in the vertical direction behind the protrusion 30.
The first member 11 has a first overlapping portion 11c that extends rearward from the protrusion 30 and is located below a portion of the second member 12. The first overlapping portion 11c is smoothly connected from the protruding portion 30 and inclines upward as it goes backward. Both ends of the first overlapping portion 11c in the width direction extend smoothly toward the upper side and are connected to the second member 12.
The second member 12 has a front end portion 12a located at the front tip and extending in the vertical direction, and a main body portion 12b extending rearward from the upper end of the front end portion 12a. The lower end of the front end portion 12a is connected to the upper surface of the first member 11. The second member 12 is located above the first overlapping portion 11c in a part in front of the front end portion 12a and the main body portion 12b. In the main body portion 12b, a portion located below the first member 11 member is referred to as a second overlapping portion 12c. A vertical gap is provided between the second overlapping portion 12c and the second overlapping portion 12c.

A first recess 20 is provided in a region surrounded by the first overlapping portion 11c, the second overlapping portion 12c, and the front end portion 12a. That is, the bottom portion 10 is provided with a first recess 20 located behind the protruding portion 30. The first recess 20 opens rearward.

The first recess 20 is composed of a rear surface 21, a top surface 22, a pair of side wall surfaces 23, and a bottom surface 24. That is, the first recess 20 is configured as a space surrounded by the rear surface 21, the top surface 22, the pair of side wall surfaces 23, and the bottom surface 24.
The rear surface 21 is a surface facing the rear of the front end portion 12a of the second member. The rear surface 21 faces the rear facing the opening of the first recess 20.
The top surface 22 is a surface facing the lower side of the second overlapping portion 12c. The top surface 22 extends rearward from the rear surface 21.
The bottom surface 24 is a surface facing upward of the first overlapping portion 11c. The bottom surface 24 extends rearward from the rear surface 21. The bottom surface 24 faces the top surface 22 in the vertical direction.
The pair of side wall surfaces 23 are surfaces that surround the internal space of the first recess 20 that is a part of the first member 11 from both sides in the width direction. The pair of side wall surfaces 23 are located between the top surface 22 and the bottom surface 24. That is, the pair of side wall surfaces 23 are located on both sides of the top surface 22 in the width direction and extend in the front-rear direction.
The bottom surface 24 may be omitted. That is, the first recess 20 may be composed of at least a rear surface 21, a top surface 22, and a pair of side wall surfaces 23. When the bottom surface 24 is omitted, the first recess opens not only rearward but also downwardly.

According to the canoe 1 of the present embodiment, the bottom portion 10 is provided with a first recess 20 located behind the protruding portion 30 and opening toward the rear. When the canoe 1 is placed in a water stream having a flow from the rear to the front, the water flows into the inside of the first recess 20 and hits the rear surface 21 to give propulsion to the canoe 1. That is, according to the present embodiment, the canoe 1 can receive the water flow from the rear to the front by the first recess 20 and change it into a propulsive force to the front.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI of FIG.
The rear surface 21 is provided with a ridge portion 25 extending in the vertical direction and projecting rearward.
A plurality of slat portions 28 arranged along the front-rear direction are provided on the pair of side wall surfaces 23. A gap is provided between the slat portions 28. This gap constitutes a slit 29 extending in the vertical direction. That is, each of the pair of side wall surfaces 23 is provided with slits 29 that penetrate in the width direction and extend in the vertical direction.

The tip of the ridge 25 constitutes an acute angle. The water flow flowing into the first recess 20 from the rear is divided to the left and right by the ridge portion 25. Further, the water flow hits the pair of side wall surfaces 23 and swivels rearward, and the slit 29 flows out of the first recess 20.

According to the present embodiment, since the convex portion 25 is provided on the rear surface 21, the water flow flowing into the inside of the first concave portion 20 swirls symmetrically around the convex portion 25. Therefore, the forces pushing the left and right side wall surfaces 23 due to the water flow are balanced with each other. Therefore, it can be efficiently used for a force that stably pushes the flow of water from the rear to the front.

According to the present embodiment, the water flow swirling inside the first recess 20 is discharged to the outside of the bucket portion 60 through the slit 29. Therefore, the water flow swirling inside the first recess 20 does not hinder the inflow of the water flow from the rear into the first recess 20. Therefore, the water flow from the rear can be efficiently guided to the first recess 20, and the water can be efficiently received from the rear and used as a propulsive force to the front. Biometrics are used for the shape of the slit 29. The slit 29 has a shape similar to that of a shark's gills.

(Rear area)
As shown in FIG. 4, in the hull 2, the region behind the protrusion 30 is referred to as a rear region portion 5. The rear region portion 5 is composed of a cover portion 50 and a second member 12 of the bottom portion 10. The rear region portion 5 gradually extends in an upwardly inclined direction toward the rear.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the rear region portion 5 along the line VII-VII shown in FIG. The rear region portion 5 has an upper surface 5a and a lower surface 5b. The upper surface 5a is a part of the upper surface of the cover portion 50. The lower surface 5b is a part of the lower surface of the bottom portion 10. The upper surface 5a is inclined while being curved downward from the center toward the outside in the width direction. In the cross section of the rear region portion 5 shown in FIG. 7, the upper surface 5a is curved with a radius of curvature R1. Further, in the present embodiment, the lower surface 5b is substantially flat. The upper surface 5a and the lower surface 5b are continuous on both sides in the width direction. The connecting portions of the upper surface 5a and the lower surface 5b have an acute angle. That is, in the hull 2, the upper surface 5a and the lower surface 5b are connected at an acute angle at both ends in the width direction in the rear region portion 5.

The rear region portion 5 is located above the water surface WS when the passenger M is on the canoe 1 and floats on the water surface WS. As described above, the canoe 1 tilts backward and turns.
According to the present embodiment, the rear region portion 5 becomes thinner from the center toward the outside in the width direction, and the upper surface 5a and the lower surface 5b are connected at an acute angle. As a result, when the region in front of the protruding portion 30 is floated from the water surface WS and the rear region portion 5 is swiveled in a state of being submerged in water, the resistance of water applied to the rear region portion 5 is reduced and the canoe 1 can be smoothly swiveled. realizable.

Further, according to the present embodiment, in the cross section of the rear region portion 5, the upper surface 5a is curved so as to project upward with a radius of curvature R1, and the lower surface 5b is substantially flat. Therefore, by turning the canoe 1 with the rear region portion 5 submerged in water, a downward force can be applied to the rear region portion 5 to facilitate the maintenance of the rear region portion 5 submerged in water. That is, it is possible to improve the turning performance of the canoe 1 by facilitating the turning by floating the front region on the water.
It should be noted that such an effect is obtained if the radius of curvature R2 of the lower surface is larger than the radius of curvature R1 of the upper surface when the lower surface is inclined while curving with the radius of curvature R2 toward the upper side from the center toward the outside in the width direction ( This is an effect that can be achieved (if R2> R1). The lower surface 5b of the present embodiment is classified as a case where the radius of curvature R2 is infinite on the lower surface that curves upward from the center toward the outside in the width direction.
Biometrics are used for the cross-sectional shape of the rear region portion 5. The cross-sectional shape of the rear region portion 5 has a shape similar to the beak shape of the platypus.

Although various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the configurations and combinations thereof in each embodiment are examples, and the configurations are added, omitted, replaced, and the like without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Other changes are possible. Further, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.
For example, in the above embodiment, the hull 2 has a separate bottom portion and cover portion. However, the bottom portion and the cover portion may be integrally molded.

1 ... Canoe, 2 ... Hull, 3 ... Hollow part, 5 ... Rear area part, 5a ... Top surface, 5b ... Bottom surface, 10 ... Bottom part, 20 ... First recess, 21 ... Rear surface, 22 ... Top surface, 23 ... Side wall surface, 24 ... Bottom surface, 25 ... Convex part, 29 ... Slit, 30 ... Protruding part, 40 ... Second concave part, 50 ... Cover part, 51 ... Boarding opening

Claims (6)

A canoe with a hull that extends along the front-back direction,
The hull has a bottom portion constituting the bottom surface of the hull and a cover portion located above the bottom portion, and a hollow portion surrounded by the bottom portion and the cover portion is provided inside.
The cover portion is provided with a boarding opening that penetrates in the vertical direction and connects to the hollow portion.
The bottom portion has a protruding portion that is located directly below the boarding opening and projects downward.
The bottom portion is provided with a first recess located behind the protrusion and opening toward the rear.
The first recess is located on both sides in the width direction of the rear surface facing the opening, the top surface facing downward and extending from the rear surface to the rear, and along the front-rear direction. Consists of at least a pair of side wall surfaces that extend,
A canoe provided with a ridge portion extending in the vertical direction and projecting rearward on the rear surface . The canoe according to claim 1 , wherein the side wall surface is provided with a slit that penetrates in the width direction and extends in the vertical direction. The canoe according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bottom portion is provided with a second recess located in front of the protruding portion and opening toward the rear. The hull is formed thinner from the center in the width direction toward the outside in the width direction in the rear region portion located behind the protrusion, and the upper surface and the lower surface are connected at an acute angle at both ends in the width direction. The canoe according to any one of 3 to 3 . In the cross section of the rear region portion, the upper surface is inclined while curving downward from the center toward the outside in the width direction.
In the cross section of the rear region portion, the lower surface is inclined while curving upward from the center toward the outside in the width direction.
The canoe according to claim 4 , wherein the radius of curvature of the lower surface is larger than the radius of curvature of the upper surface. The outer surface of the protrusion has a blunt object shape.
The canoe according to any one of claims 1 to 5 .

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