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JP7059664B2 - Heat pump system - Google Patents
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JP7059664B2 - Heat pump system - Google Patents

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JP7059664B2
JP7059664B2 JP2018019301A JP2018019301A JP7059664B2 JP 7059664 B2 JP7059664 B2 JP 7059664B2 JP 2018019301 A JP2018019301 A JP 2018019301A JP 2018019301 A JP2018019301 A JP 2018019301A JP 7059664 B2 JP7059664 B2 JP 7059664B2
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water
heat exchanger
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exchanger
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JP2019135925A (en
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晋 正村
和宏 篠澤
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IHI Corp
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Description

本発明は、ヒートポンプシステムに関する。 The present invention relates to a heat pump system.

水を扱う各種の設備においては、水の温度が重要となる場合がある。例えば、魚介類等の養殖設備では、水の温度が養殖対象の状態や生育を左右するため、気候、魚種その他の条件によっては、養殖槽内の水を加温する措置が必要となる。 In various facilities that handle water, the temperature of the water may be important. For example, in aquaculture facilities such as fish and shellfish, the temperature of the water affects the condition and growth of the aquaculture target, so it is necessary to take measures to heat the water in the aquaculture tank depending on the climate, fish species and other conditions.

養殖槽内の水を加温する場合、海等から汲み上げた水を化石燃料等により加温したうえで養殖槽に導入し、利用後の排水は前記養殖槽へ循環させずに海等へ廃棄するかけ流し方式が一般的である。このようなかけ流し方式では、排水と共に、導入水に加えられた熱をも廃棄してしまうことになるため、近年の燃料費の高騰に伴い養殖設備における採算が悪化するという問題があった。 When heating the water in the aquaculture tank, the water pumped from the sea etc. is heated with fossil fuel etc. and then introduced into the aquaculture tank, and the wastewater after use is discarded to the sea etc. without being circulated to the aquaculture tank. The flow-through method is common. In such a flowing method, the heat applied to the introduced water is discarded together with the drainage, so that there is a problem that the profitability of the aquaculture facility deteriorates due to the soaring fuel cost in recent years.

水の加温にかかる燃料費を節減し得る技術としては、例えばヒートポンプを利用した熱交換により、温泉水、地下水といった熱源から熱を回収し、養殖槽に導入される水(以下、導入水と称する)に供給する方法がある。こうしたヒートポンプ式の熱交換システム(以下、ヒートポンプシステムと称する)では、例えば、二台の熱交換器の間に熱媒を循環させる熱媒流路を設けると共に該熱媒流路に圧縮機と膨張弁を備え、前記熱媒流路内で熱媒の凝縮と蒸発を繰り返して一方の熱交換器から他方の熱交換器へ熱を運搬する。そして、一方の熱交換器には熱源である温泉水や地下水を通して熱媒に熱を伝達し、他方の熱交換器には導入水を通して熱媒から導入水へ熱を伝達させる。 As a technology that can reduce the fuel cost for heating water, for example, heat is recovered from heat sources such as hot spring water and groundwater by heat exchange using a heat pump, and the water introduced into the culture tank (hereinafter referred to as introduced water). There is a method of supplying to). In such a heat pump type heat exchange system (hereinafter referred to as a heat pump system), for example, a heat medium flow path for circulating a heat medium is provided between two heat exchangers, and a compressor and expansion are provided in the heat medium flow path. A valve is provided, and heat is transferred from one heat exchanger to the other by repeating condensation and evaporation of the heat medium in the heat medium flow path. Then, heat is transferred to the heat medium through hot spring water or ground water, which is a heat source, to one heat exchanger, and heat is transferred from the heat medium to the introduced water through the introduced water to the other heat exchanger.

こうしたヒートポンプシステムでは、外部の熱源を利用するので、かけ流し方式と比較して燃料費を節減することができる。 Since such a heat pump system uses an external heat source, fuel costs can be reduced as compared with the flow-through method.

尚、この種のヒートポンプシステムに関連する先行技術文献としては、例えば、下記の特許文献1等がある。 As prior art documents related to this type of heat pump system, for example, there is the following Patent Document 1 and the like.

特開2010-207121号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-207121

ところで、上述の如きヒートポンプシステムにより熱交換を行う場合、二台の熱交換器にはそれぞれ熱源としての流体、または導入水が通されることになる。ここで、熱源または導入水の状態によっては、前記熱交換器に汚れや腐蝕が生じ、ヒートポンプに関して頻繁な清掃、部品交換等の手間が生じてしまうという問題があった。 By the way, when heat exchange is performed by the heat pump system as described above, the fluid as a heat source or the introduced water is passed through each of the two heat exchangers. Here, there is a problem that the heat exchanger becomes dirty or corroded depending on the state of the heat source or the introduced water, and the heat pump is frequently cleaned and parts are replaced.

本発明は、斯かる実情に鑑み、ヒートポンプのメンテナンスにかかる手間やコストを軽減し得るヒートポンプシステムを提供しようとするものである。 In view of such circumstances, the present invention is intended to provide a heat pump system capable of reducing the labor and cost required for maintenance of the heat pump.

本発明は、水使用設備にて使用する水を導入水として前記水使用設備に導く供給ラインと、前記水使用設備の排水を熱源として前記導入水との間で熱交換を行う熱移送部とを備え、前記熱移送部は、圧縮機と膨張弁との間を熱媒が循環する熱媒循環ラインを備えたヒートポンプ部と、熱媒と導入水との間で熱交換を行う供給側熱交換部と、熱媒と熱源との間で熱交換を行う熱源側熱交換部とを備え、前記供給側熱交換部または前記熱源側熱交換部の少なくとも一方は、中間熱媒が循環する中間熱媒循環ラインと、中間熱媒と熱媒との間で熱交換を行う熱交換器と、中間熱媒と導入水または熱源との間で熱交換を行う熱交換器を備えているヒートポンプシステムにかかるものである。 The present invention comprises a supply line that guides water used in a water-using facility as introduction water to the water-using facility, and a heat transfer unit that exchanges heat between the introduced water using the drainage of the water-using facility as a heat source . The heat transfer section includes a heat pump section provided with a heat medium circulation line in which a heat medium circulates between the compressor and the expansion valve, and supply-side heat that exchanges heat between the heat medium and the introduced water. An exchange unit and a heat source side heat exchange unit that exchanges heat between the heat medium and the heat source are provided, and at least one of the supply side heat exchange unit and the heat source side heat exchange unit is an intermediate in which an intermediate heat medium circulates. A heat pump system equipped with a heat medium circulation line, a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the intermediate heat medium and the heat medium, and a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the intermediate heat medium and the introduced water or a heat source. It depends on.

本発明のヒートポンプシステムにおいて、中間熱媒と導入水または熱源との間で熱交換を行う前記熱交換器は耐腐食性の素材で構成することができる。 In the heat pump system of the present invention, the heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the intermediate heat medium and the introduced water or a heat source can be made of a corrosion-resistant material.

本発明のヒートポンプシステムにおいて、中間熱媒と導入水または熱源との間で熱交換を行う前記熱交換器は、複数の伝熱プレートを積層し、該複数の伝熱プレート同士の間に流体の流路を形成するプレート式の熱交換器としても良い。 In the heat pump system of the present invention, the heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the intermediate heat medium and the introduced water or the heat source has a plurality of heat transfer plates laminated, and the fluid is transferred between the plurality of heat transfer plates. It may be a plate-type heat exchanger that forms a flow path.

本発明のヒートポンプシステムにおいて、中間熱媒と導入水または熱源との間で熱交換を行う前記熱交換器は、シェル内に伝熱管を収容し、該伝熱管内と前記シェル内にそれぞれ導入した流体同士の間で熱交換を行うシェルアンドチューブ式の熱交換器とし、前記伝熱管に中間熱媒を、前記シェルに導入水または熱源を通すようにしても良い。 In the heat pump system of the present invention, the heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the intermediate heat medium and the introduced water or the heat source accommodates a heat transfer tube in the shell and is introduced in the heat transfer tube and the shell, respectively. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger that exchanges heat between fluids may be used, an intermediate heat medium may be passed through the heat transfer tube, and introduced water or a heat source may be passed through the shell.

本発明のヒートポンプシステムにおいて、前記水使用設備は生物の養殖を行う養殖槽とすることができる。 In the heat pump system of the present invention, the water-using equipment can be an aquaculture tank for cultivating organisms.

本発明のヒートポンプシステムによれば、ヒートポンプのメンテナンスにかかる手間とコストを軽減し得るという優れた効果を奏し得る。 According to the heat pump system of the present invention, it is possible to achieve an excellent effect that the labor and cost required for maintenance of the heat pump can be reduced.

本発明の第一実施例によるヒートポンプシステムを示す概要構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram which shows the heat pump system by 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第二実施例によるヒートポンプシステムを示す概要構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram which shows the heat pump system by 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の参考例によるヒートポンプシステムを示す概要構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram which shows the heat pump system by the reference example of this invention.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を添付図面を参照して説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図1は本発明の実施によるヒートポンプシステムの形態の一例を示している。図示しない海、湖、河川、地下水等の水源から給水槽1に汲み上げられた導入水W1は、供給ライン2を通して水使用設備3に導かれ、該水使用設備3にて使用される。本第一実施例では、水使用設備3として魚介類等の生物の養殖を行う養殖槽を想定している。水使用設備3で使用された後の導入水W1は、水使用設備3に隣接する排出部4に排水W2として排出され、排出ライン5から外部に捨てられる。 FIG. 1 shows an example of a form of a heat pump system according to the implementation of the present invention. The introduced water W1 pumped up from a water source such as a sea, a lake, a river, or groundwater (not shown) into the water supply tank 1 is guided to the water use facility 3 through the supply line 2 and used in the water use facility 3. In the first embodiment, aquaculture tank for cultivating organisms such as fish and shellfish is assumed as the water use facility 3. The introduced water W1 after being used in the water use facility 3 is discharged as drainage W2 to the discharge section 4 adjacent to the water use facility 3, and is discharged to the outside from the discharge line 5.

本第一実施例の場合、排出ライン5として第一の排出ライン6と、第二の排出ライン7とを備えている。第一の排出ライン6は、排出部4の排水W2をそのまま外部へ排出する水路である。一方、第二の排出ライン7と供給ライン2との間には熱移送部8が設置されており、第二の排出ライン7を流通する排水W2を熱源として利用し、供給ライン2を流通する導入水W1と、熱源である排水W2との間で熱交換を行うことができるようになっている。尚、本第一実施例では熱源として排水W2を利用しているが、本発明を実施する上で、熱源としては排水W2以外にも種々の流体を適宜利用することが可能である。 In the case of the first embodiment, the first discharge line 6 and the second discharge line 7 are provided as the discharge lines 5. The first discharge line 6 is a water channel that discharges the drainage W2 of the discharge unit 4 to the outside as it is. On the other hand, a heat transfer unit 8 is installed between the second discharge line 7 and the supply line 2, and the wastewater W2 flowing through the second discharge line 7 is used as a heat source to circulate the supply line 2. It is possible to exchange heat between the introduced water W1 and the wastewater W2 which is a heat source. Although the wastewater W2 is used as the heat source in the first embodiment, various fluids other than the wastewater W2 can be appropriately used as the heat source in carrying out the present invention.

熱移送部8は、熱媒M1が循環する熱媒循環ライン9の途中に圧縮機10と膨張弁11を備えたヒートポンプ部12と、熱媒循環ライン9を流通する熱媒M1と導入水W1または排水W2との間でそれぞれ熱交換を行う熱交換部13,14を備えている。 The heat transfer unit 8 includes a heat pump unit 12 provided with a compressor 10 and an expansion valve 11 in the middle of the heat medium circulation line 9 in which the heat medium M1 circulates, the heat medium M1 circulating in the heat medium circulation line 9, and the introduced water W1. Alternatively, it is provided with heat exchange units 13 and 14 for exchanging heat with the drainage W2, respectively.

ヒートポンプ部12は、圧縮機10と膨張弁11との間を熱媒循環ライン9で接続して構成されている。環状の熱媒循環ライン9においては、圧縮機10と膨張弁11とを互いに接続する流路が2通り存在することになるが、該2つの流路の各々の途中には、熱交換部13,14のそれぞれ一部を構成する熱交換器(第一の供給側熱交換器13A、第一の熱源側熱交換器14A)が配置される。そして、圧縮機10で圧縮して凝縮させた熱媒M1を2台の熱交換器13A,14Aの一方に送り込んで熱交換させた後、膨張弁11で膨張して気化させ、熱交換器13A,14Aの他方で熱交換させてから圧縮機10にて再度圧縮するようになっている。こうして、熱交換器13A,14Aの一方から他方へ、熱媒M1を介して熱を搬送するようになっている。 The heat pump unit 12 is configured by connecting the compressor 10 and the expansion valve 11 with a heat medium circulation line 9. In the annular heat medium circulation line 9, there are two flow paths connecting the compressor 10 and the expansion valve 11 to each other, and the heat exchange unit 13 is in the middle of each of the two flow paths. , 14 heat exchangers (first supply side heat exchanger 13A, first heat source side heat exchanger 14A) constituting a part of each of 14 are arranged. Then, the heat medium M1 compressed and condensed by the compressor 10 is sent to one of the two heat exchangers 13A and 14A to exchange heat, and then expanded and vaporized by the expansion valve 11 to vaporize the heat exchanger 13A. , 14A is heat-exchanged on the other side, and then compressed again by the compressor 10. In this way, heat is transferred from one of the heat exchangers 13A and 14A to the other via the heat medium M1.

圧縮機10の出側にあたる流路と入側にあたる流路は、それぞれ流路切替器である四方弁15を介し、第一の供給側熱交換器13A側の流路または第一の熱源側熱交換器14A側の流路のいずれかと接続されるようになっている。圧縮機10の出側の流路が第一の供給側熱交換器13A側の流路と接続される時には、圧縮機10の入側の流路は第一の熱源側熱交換器14A側の流路に接続され、圧縮機10の出側の流路が第一の熱源側熱交換器14A側の流路と接続される時には、圧縮機10の入側の流路は第一の供給側熱交換器13A側の流路に接続される。四方弁15を操作することにより、これら2通りの接続関係を切り替えることができる。圧縮機10の出側の流路を第一の供給側熱交換器13A側に、入側の流路を第一の熱源側熱交換器14A側の流路に接続した場合には、圧縮機10の出側が第一の供給側熱交換器13Aの上流となる。よって、圧縮機10で圧縮された熱媒M1が第一の供給側熱交換器13Aに送り込まれ、膨張弁11で膨張させられた熱媒M1が第一の熱源側熱交換器14Aに送り込まれる。圧縮機10の出側の流路を第一の熱源側熱交換器14A側に、入側の流路を第一の供給側熱交換器13A側の流路に接続した場合には、圧縮機10の出側が第一の熱源側熱交換器14Aの上流となる。よって、圧縮機10で圧縮された熱媒M1が第一の熱源側熱交換器14Aに送り込まれ、膨張弁11で膨張させられた熱媒M1が第一の供給側熱交換器13Aに送り込まれる。このように、四方弁15の操作により、熱媒循環ライン9を流れる熱媒M1の向きを逆転させ、熱を移送する向きを変更することができる。 The flow path on the exit side and the flow path on the entry side of the compressor 10 pass through a four-way valve 15 which is a flow path switch, respectively, and the flow path on the first supply side heat exchanger 13A side or the heat on the first heat source side. It is designed to be connected to any of the flow paths on the exchanger 14A side. When the outlet side flow path of the compressor 10 is connected to the first supply side heat exchanger 13A side flow path, the inlet side flow path of the compressor 10 is on the first heat source side heat exchanger 14A side. When connected to the flow path and the flow path on the outlet side of the compressor 10 is connected to the flow path on the heat exchanger 14A side of the first heat source side, the flow path on the inlet side of the compressor 10 is on the first supply side. It is connected to the flow path on the heat exchanger 13A side. By operating the four-way valve 15, these two types of connection relationships can be switched. When the outlet side flow path of the compressor 10 is connected to the first supply side heat exchanger 13A side and the inlet side flow path is connected to the first heat source side heat exchanger 14A side flow path, the compressor The exit side of 10 is upstream of the first supply side heat exchanger 13A. Therefore, the heat medium M1 compressed by the compressor 10 is sent to the first supply-side heat exchanger 13A, and the heat medium M1 expanded by the expansion valve 11 is sent to the first heat source-side heat exchanger 14A. .. When the outlet side flow path of the compressor 10 is connected to the first heat source side heat exchanger 14A side and the inlet side flow path is connected to the first supply side heat exchanger 13A side flow path, the compressor The exit side of 10 is upstream of the first heat source side heat exchanger 14A. Therefore, the heat medium M1 compressed by the compressor 10 is sent to the first heat source side heat exchanger 14A, and the heat medium M1 expanded by the expansion valve 11 is sent to the first supply side heat exchanger 13A. .. In this way, by operating the four-way valve 15, the direction of the heat medium M1 flowing through the heat medium circulation line 9 can be reversed and the direction of heat transfer can be changed.

そして、2箇所の熱交換部13,14のうち、供給側熱交換部13は熱媒循環ライン9を流通する熱媒M1と供給ライン2を流通する導入水W1との間で熱交換を行う。熱源側熱交換部14は、熱媒循環ライン9を流通する熱媒M1と第二の排出ライン7を流通する排水W2との間で熱交換を行う。本第一実施例の場合、供給側熱交換部13および熱源側熱交換部14にそれぞれ2台の熱交換器13A,13Bおよび14A,14Bを備えている。 Then, of the two heat exchange units 13 and 14, the supply side heat exchange unit 13 exchanges heat between the heat medium M1 flowing through the heat medium circulation line 9 and the introduced water W1 flowing through the supply line 2. .. The heat source side heat exchange unit 14 exchanges heat between the heat medium M1 flowing through the heat medium circulation line 9 and the wastewater W2 flowing through the second discharge line 7. In the case of the first embodiment, the supply side heat exchange unit 13 and the heat source side heat exchange unit 14 are provided with two heat exchangers 13A, 13B and 14A, 14B, respectively.

供給側熱交換部13は、中間熱媒M2が循環する中間熱媒循環ライン(供給側の中間熱媒循環ライン)13Cに2台の熱交換器(第一の供給側熱交換器13A、第二の供給側熱交換器13B)を備えており、第一の供給側熱交換器13Aと第二の供給側熱交換器13Bとの間で中間熱媒M2が循環するようになっている。第一の供給側熱交換器13Aは上述の如く熱媒循環ライン9に設置され、熱媒M1と中間熱媒M2との間で熱交換を行う。第二の供給側熱交換器13Bは供給ライン2に設置され、導入水W1と中間熱媒M2との間で熱交換を行うようになっている。 The supply side heat exchange unit 13 has two heat exchangers (first supply side heat exchanger 13A, first supply side heat exchanger 13A, first) in the intermediate heat medium circulation line (supply side intermediate heat medium circulation line) 13C in which the intermediate heat medium M2 circulates. A second supply-side heat exchanger 13B) is provided, and the intermediate heat medium M2 circulates between the first supply-side heat exchanger 13A and the second supply-side heat exchanger 13B). The first supply-side heat exchanger 13A is installed in the heat medium circulation line 9 as described above, and heat exchange is performed between the heat medium M1 and the intermediate heat medium M2. The second supply-side heat exchanger 13B is installed in the supply line 2 to exchange heat between the introduced water W1 and the intermediate heat medium M2.

熱源側熱交換部14は、中間熱媒M3が循環する中間熱媒循環ライン(熱源側の中間熱媒循環ライン)14Cに2台の熱交換器(第一の熱源側熱交換器14A、第二の熱源側熱交換器14B)を備えており、第一の熱源側熱交換器14Aと第二の熱源側熱交換器14Bとの間で中間熱媒M3が循環するようになっている。第一の熱源側熱交換器14Aは上述の如く熱媒循環ライン9に設置され、熱媒M1と中間熱媒M3との間で熱交換を行う。第二の熱源側熱交換器14Bは第二の排水ライン7に設置され、排水W2と中間熱媒M3との間で熱交換を行うようになっている。 The heat source side heat exchange unit 14 has two heat exchangers (first heat source side heat exchanger 14A, first heat source side heat exchanger 14A, first) in the intermediate heat medium circulation line (intermediate heat medium circulation line) 14C in which the intermediate heat medium M3 circulates. The second heat source side heat exchanger 14B) is provided, and the intermediate heat medium M3 circulates between the first heat source side heat exchanger 14A and the second heat source side heat exchanger 14B. The first heat source side heat exchanger 14A is installed in the heat medium circulation line 9 as described above, and heat exchange is performed between the heat medium M1 and the intermediate heat medium M3. The second heat source side heat exchanger 14B is installed in the second drainage line 7 so as to exchange heat between the drainage W2 and the intermediate heat medium M3.

各熱交換器13A,13B,14A,14Bは、シェルアンドチューブ式の熱交換器とすることもできるし、プレート式の熱交換器とすることもできる。ただし、後に説明するが、第二の供給側熱交換器13B、および第二の熱源側熱交換器14Bについては、プレート式の熱交換器を採用すると、清掃の頻度を少なくできるというメリットがある。一方、第二の供給側熱交換器13B、第二の熱源側熱交換器14Bとしてシェルアンドチューブ式の熱交換器を採用すると、清掃の作業を容易にできるというメリットがある。尚、シェルアンドチューブ式の熱交換器とは、シェル内に伝熱管を収容し、伝熱管内とシェル内にそれぞれ導入した流体同士の間で熱交換を行う型式の熱交換器を指す。また、プレート式の熱交換器とは、複数の伝熱プレートを積層し、該複数の伝熱プレート同士の間に第一の流体の流路と第二の流体の流路を交互に形成して、流体同士の間で熱交換を行う型式の熱交換器を指す。 Each of the heat exchangers 13A, 13B, 14A, 14B can be a shell-and-tube heat exchanger or a plate heat exchanger. However, as will be described later, for the second supply side heat exchanger 13B and the second heat source side heat exchanger 14B, if a plate type heat exchanger is adopted, there is an advantage that the frequency of cleaning can be reduced. .. On the other hand, if a shell-and-tube heat exchanger is adopted as the second supply side heat exchanger 13B and the second heat source side heat exchanger 14B, there is an advantage that the cleaning work can be facilitated. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger refers to a type of heat exchanger in which a heat transfer tube is housed in the shell and heat is exchanged between the fluids introduced in the heat transfer tube and the shell. Further, in the plate type heat exchanger, a plurality of heat transfer plates are laminated, and a flow path of the first fluid and a flow path of the second fluid are alternately formed between the plurality of heat transfer plates. Refers to a type of heat exchanger that exchanges heat between fluids.

また、第一の供給側熱交換器13A、第一の熱源側熱交換器14Aは、例えばステンレス鋼等の安価で一般的な素材で構成することができるが、第二の供給側熱交換器13B、および第二の熱源側熱交換器14Bについては、例えばチタン等の耐腐食性を有する素材で構成することが好ましい。 Further, the first supply side heat exchanger 13A and the first heat source side heat exchanger 14A can be made of an inexpensive and general material such as stainless steel, but the second supply side heat exchanger. The 13B and the second heat source side heat exchanger 14B are preferably made of a corrosion-resistant material such as titanium.

熱媒M1としては、圧縮機や膨張弁を備えたヒートポンプ装置に熱媒として用いることのできる各種の物質を採用することができる。また、中間熱媒M2,M3としては、例えば水を用いることができるが、この他、導入水W1、排水W2と中間熱媒M2,M3との間で好適に熱交換が可能で且つ腐食性が低く汚れの少ない熱媒であれば種々の流体を採用することができる。 As the heat medium M1, various substances that can be used as a heat medium in a heat pump device provided with a compressor or an expansion valve can be adopted. Further, for example, water can be used as the intermediate heat mediums M2 and M3, but in addition, heat exchange is preferably possible and corrosive between the introduced water W1 and the drainage W2 and the intermediate heat media M2 and M3. Various fluids can be adopted as long as the heat medium has a low temperature and is clean.

また、本第一実施例では、水使用設備3として生物の養殖槽を想定しているため、導入水W1は例えば海水であり、排水W2は養殖に利用した後の汚染度の増した海水である。しかしながら、導入水W1や排水W2の種類はこれに限定されない。導入水W1は河川水、湖水、地下水等の真水であっても良いし、温泉水、下水等であっても良い。排水W2は、導入水W1を水使用設備3で利用あるいは処理した後の水であり、導入水W1や水使用設備3の種類によって異なる。水使用設備3が例えば下水処理設備であれば、導入水W1は下水、排水W2は下水を処理した後の水である。その他、本発明は、導入水W1、排水W2、水使用設備3の種類を問わず、導入水W1に関して温度管理が必要な場合に適用することができる。 Further, in the first embodiment, since the aquaculture tank for living organisms is assumed as the water use facility 3, the introduced water W1 is, for example, seawater, and the wastewater W2 is seawater with an increased degree of pollution after being used for aquaculture. be. However, the types of the introduced water W1 and the drainage W2 are not limited to this. The introduced water W1 may be fresh water such as river water, lake water, or groundwater, or may be hot spring water, sewage, or the like. The wastewater W2 is water after the introduced water W1 is used or treated by the water use facility 3, and differs depending on the type of the introduced water W1 and the water use facility 3. If the water use facility 3 is, for example, a sewage treatment facility, the introduced water W1 is sewage and the wastewater W2 is water after sewage treatment. In addition, the present invention can be applied to the introduced water W1 when temperature control is required regardless of the types of the introduced water W1, the drainage W2, and the water-using equipment 3.

供給ライン2の途中には供給ポンプ16が備えられており、給水槽1から第二の供給側熱交換器13Bを経て水使用設備3へ至る導入水W1の動きが駆動される。また、第二の排出ライン7の途中には排出ポンプ17が備えられており、排出部4から第二の熱源側熱交換器14Bを経て外部へ排出される排水W2の動きが駆動される。その他、本第一実施例のシステムの各所には、導入水W1、排水W2、熱媒M1、中間熱媒M2,M3といった流体の動きを駆動するポンプ等の機器類が配置されるが、ここでは適宜図示を省略している。 A supply pump 16 is provided in the middle of the supply line 2 to drive the movement of the introduced water W1 from the water supply tank 1 to the water use facility 3 via the second supply side heat exchanger 13B. Further, a discharge pump 17 is provided in the middle of the second discharge line 7, and the movement of the drainage W2 discharged from the discharge unit 4 to the outside via the second heat source side heat exchanger 14B is driven. In addition, equipment such as pumps that drive the movement of fluids such as introduced water W1, drainage W2, heat medium M1, and intermediate heat media M2 and M3 are arranged in various parts of the system of the first embodiment. The illustration is omitted as appropriate.

外部から給水槽1へ導入水W1を引き込む取水ライン18の途中にはボイラ19が設置されており、給水槽1へ引き込まれる導入水W1を必要に応じて加温できるようになっている。また、水使用設備3には、供給ライン2から供給される導入水W1の温度を測定する温度センサ20が設けられている。 A boiler 19 is installed in the middle of the intake line 18 for drawing the introduced water W1 into the water supply tank 1 from the outside, so that the introduced water W1 drawn into the water supply tank 1 can be heated as needed. Further, the water use facility 3 is provided with a temperature sensor 20 for measuring the temperature of the introduced water W1 supplied from the supply line 2.

温度センサ20の計測値は、温度信号20aとして制御装置21に入力される。制御装置21は、システムの全体を監視し、管理する装置であり、温度センサ20の計測値に基づいてボイラ19、ヒートポンプ部12の圧縮機10のほか、供給ポンプ16、排出ポンプ17やその他の機器類の運転を制御している。 The measured value of the temperature sensor 20 is input to the control device 21 as a temperature signal 20a. The control device 21 is a device that monitors and manages the entire system, and is a boiler 19, a compressor 10 of the heat pump unit 12, a supply pump 16, an exhaust pump 17, and other devices based on the measured values of the temperature sensor 20. It controls the operation of equipment.

次に、上記した本第一実施例の作動を説明する。 Next, the operation of the first embodiment described above will be described.

冬季等において、水使用設備3に導入される導入水W1を加温したい場合には、ボイラ19を稼働させ、温めながら取水ライン18から引き込んだ導入水W1を給水槽1に貯留する。加温された給水槽1内の導入水W1は、供給ライン2から水使用設備3へ供給される。 When it is desired to heat the introduced water W1 introduced into the water use facility 3 in winter or the like, the boiler 19 is operated and the introduced water W1 drawn from the intake line 18 while being heated is stored in the water supply tank 1. The introduced water W1 in the heated water supply tank 1 is supplied from the supply line 2 to the water use facility 3.

水使用設備3で使用された後の導入水W1は、排水W2として隣接する排出部4へ排出される。排出部4の排水W2は、排出ライン5のうち第一の排出ライン6から外部へ排出することもできるが、排水W2を熱源として利用して導入水W1を加温したいときは、熱移送部8を稼働させ、排水W2と導入水W1との間で熱交換を行うことができる。この場合、排水W2の一部または全部を第二の排出ライン7から排出する。 The introduced water W1 after being used in the water use facility 3 is discharged to the adjacent discharge unit 4 as the drainage W2. The drainage W2 of the discharge unit 4 can be discharged to the outside from the first discharge line 6 of the discharge line 5, but when it is desired to heat the introduced water W1 by using the drainage W2 as a heat source, the heat transfer unit 8 can be operated to exchange heat between the drainage W2 and the introduced water W1. In this case, a part or all of the drainage W2 is discharged from the second discharge line 7.

熱移送部8では、圧縮機10を稼働させ、熱媒循環ライン9内で熱媒M1を循環させる。このとき、四方弁15は、圧縮機10の出側の流路が第一の供給側熱交換器13A側の流路と接続され、圧縮機10の入側の流路が第一の熱源側熱交換器14A側の流路に接続される位置とする。同時に、供給側および熱源側の中間熱媒循環ライン13C,14C内で中間熱媒M2,M3を循環させる。 In the heat transfer unit 8, the compressor 10 is operated to circulate the heat medium M1 in the heat medium circulation line 9. At this time, in the four-way valve 15, the flow path on the outlet side of the compressor 10 is connected to the flow path on the first supply side heat exchanger 13A side, and the flow path on the inlet side of the compressor 10 is on the first heat source side. The position is connected to the flow path on the heat exchanger 14A side. At the same time, the intermediate heat media M2 and M3 are circulated in the intermediate heat medium circulation lines 13C and 14C on the supply side and the heat source side.

このようにすると、ヒートポンプ部12では熱源側(図1中左側)から供給側(図1中右側)へと熱を移送するように熱媒M1が熱媒循環ライン9を循環する。供給側熱交換部13では、圧縮機10で圧縮された熱媒M1が第一の供給側熱交換器13Aにて中間熱媒M2と熱交換し、中間熱媒M2が熱媒M1から熱を受け取る。熱媒M1から熱を受け取った中間熱媒M2は、第二の供給側熱交換器13Bにて導入水W1と熱交換し、導入水W1が加温される。 In this way, in the heat pump unit 12, the heat medium M1 circulates in the heat medium circulation line 9 so as to transfer heat from the heat source side (left side in FIG. 1) to the supply side (right side in FIG. 1). In the supply side heat exchange unit 13, the heat medium M1 compressed by the compressor 10 exchanges heat with the intermediate heat medium M2 in the first supply side heat exchanger 13A, and the intermediate heat medium M2 exchanges heat from the heat medium M1. receive. The intermediate heat medium M2 that has received heat from the heat medium M1 exchanges heat with the introduced water W1 in the second supply-side heat exchanger 13B, and the introduced water W1 is heated.

また、熱源側熱交換部14では、膨張弁11で膨張させられた熱媒M1が第一の熱源側熱交換器14Aにて中間熱媒M3と熱交換し、中間熱媒M3から熱媒M1へ熱が受け渡される。熱媒M1へ熱を受け渡した中間熱媒M3は、第二の熱源側熱交換器14Bにて排水W2と熱交換し、排水W2から熱を受け取る。 Further, in the heat source side heat exchange unit 14, the heat medium M1 expanded by the expansion valve 11 exchanges heat with the intermediate heat medium M3 in the first heat source side heat exchanger 14A, and the intermediate heat medium M3 to the heat medium M1 Heat is handed over to. The intermediate heat medium M3 that has transferred heat to the heat medium M1 exchanges heat with the wastewater W2 at the second heat source side heat exchanger 14B, and receives heat from the wastewater W2.

こうして、導入水W1を加温したい場合には、排水W2から中間熱媒M3、熱媒M1、中間熱媒M2、さらに導入水W1へと熱を移送することができる。従来のかけ流し方式であれば、導入水W1の加温に使われた熱エネルギーは排水W2と共にそのまま捨てられていたが、本第一実施例のヒートポンプシステムによれば、排水W2に含まれる熱エネルギーの一部を回収して再利用することができるのである。 In this way, when it is desired to heat the introduced water W1, heat can be transferred from the drainage W2 to the intermediate heat medium M3, the heat medium M1, the intermediate heat medium M2, and further to the introduced water W1. In the conventional flow-through method, the heat energy used for heating the introduced water W1 is discarded as it is together with the drainage W2, but according to the heat pump system of the first embodiment, the heat contained in the drainage W2. Part of the energy can be recovered and reused.

ここで、加温されて水使用設備3へ供給される導入水W1は、無論、水使用設備3での使用に適した温度(水使用設備3が養殖槽である場合、養殖対象である生物の生存や生育に適した温度)に調整されているが、水使用設備3から排出される排水W2の温度も通常、導入水W1と同じか、近い温度である。つまり、熱交換にあたり、熱源である排水W2の温度が、水使用設備3における導入水W1の適温と大きく異なることがなく、例えば排水W2の熱を導入水W1に移したい場合に排水W2の温度が極端に低いといったような事態が生じない。よって、ヒートポンプ部12による熱交換の効率が著しく低下することがなく、安定した熱交換効率を保つことができる。 Here, the introduced water W1 that is heated and supplied to the water use facility 3 is, of course, at a temperature suitable for use in the water use facility 3 (when the water use facility 3 is a culture tank, the organism to be cultivated). The temperature of the wastewater W2 discharged from the water use facility 3 is usually the same as or close to that of the introduced water W1. That is, in heat exchange, the temperature of the drainage W2, which is a heat source, does not differ significantly from the optimum temperature of the introduced water W1 in the water use facility 3, for example, the temperature of the drainage W2 when the heat of the drainage W2 is to be transferred to the introduced water W1. Is not extremely low. Therefore, the efficiency of heat exchange by the heat pump unit 12 does not significantly decrease, and stable heat exchange efficiency can be maintained.

また、排水W2を熱源とする場合、熱の供給先である水使用設備3と、熱源が貯留され流通される排出部4や第二の排水ライン7が互いに近接することになる。仮に、熱交換により導入水W1を加温するにあたり、温泉水、地下水といった外部の熱源を利用しようとすると、熱源が水使用設備3の近傍に存在しているとは限らない。熱源が水使用設備3から隔たっていれば、熱源を水使用設備3の近傍まで導くための配管の総距離が長くなり、設置にかかる材料費や工費が高くなってしまう。また、地下水等を水使用設備3まで輸送するにあたり必要なポンプの出力も大きくなってエネルギー消費の増大を招くほか、輸送途中での熱損失が大きくなってしまう可能性もある。本第一実施例では、水使用設備3の近傍にある排水W2を熱源として利用することにより、こうした諸問題を解決しているのである。 When the wastewater W2 is used as a heat source, the water use facility 3 to which the heat is supplied, the discharge unit 4 in which the heat source is stored and distributed, and the second drainage line 7 are close to each other. If an external heat source such as hot spring water or groundwater is to be used to heat the introduced water W1 by heat exchange, the heat source does not always exist in the vicinity of the water use facility 3. If the heat source is separated from the water-using equipment 3, the total distance of the pipes for guiding the heat source to the vicinity of the water-using equipment 3 becomes long, and the material cost and construction cost for installation become high. In addition, the output of the pump required for transporting groundwater or the like to the water-using facility 3 also increases, leading to an increase in energy consumption, and there is a possibility that heat loss during transportation will increase. In the first embodiment, these problems are solved by using the wastewater W2 in the vicinity of the water use facility 3 as a heat source.

このような熱移送部8を介した熱移送により、導入水W1の温度調整に必要な熱量が賄える場合には、ボイラ19の稼働を停止しても良い。ボイラ19によらず、熱移送部8を介した熱移送によって導入水W1の温度を調整する場合、必要なエネルギーは、仮にボイラ19のみによって導入水W1の温度調整を行う場合と比較して著しく少ない。前者の場合に熱移送部8の稼働に要するエネルギーは、後者の場合にボイラ19で消費されるエネルギーの1/5~1/6程度である。こうして、本第一実施例では、従来のかけ流し方式と比較して消費エネルギー量を大幅に削減することが可能である。 If the amount of heat required for temperature adjustment of the introduced water W1 can be covered by such heat transfer via the heat transfer unit 8, the operation of the boiler 19 may be stopped. When the temperature of the introduced water W1 is adjusted by heat transfer via the heat transfer unit 8 regardless of the boiler 19, the required energy is significantly higher than that when the temperature of the introduced water W1 is adjusted only by the boiler 19. few. In the former case, the energy required for the operation of the heat transfer unit 8 is about 1/5 to 1/6 of the energy consumed in the boiler 19 in the latter case. In this way, in the first embodiment, it is possible to significantly reduce the amount of energy consumption as compared with the conventional flow-through method.

熱移送部8を介して交換される熱量や、ボイラ19から導入水W1に供給される熱量は、温度センサ20の計測値に応じ、導入水W1が適当な温度となるように調整すれば良い。尚、温度センサ20はここに示したように水使用設備3ではなく、給水槽1に設けても良い。ただし、水使用設備3における導入水W1の温度を監視しつつ熱移送部8やボイラ19の運転を調整する方が、水使用設備3における温度状態を熱移送部8やボイラ19の運転に直接反映することができるので、水使用設備3における導入水W1の温度を微調整するには有利である。 The amount of heat exchanged via the heat transfer unit 8 and the amount of heat supplied from the boiler 19 to the introduced water W1 may be adjusted so that the introduced water W1 has an appropriate temperature according to the measured value of the temperature sensor 20. .. The temperature sensor 20 may be provided in the water supply tank 1 instead of the water use equipment 3 as shown here. However, adjusting the operation of the heat transfer unit 8 and the boiler 19 while monitoring the temperature of the introduced water W1 in the water use equipment 3 directly changes the temperature state in the water use equipment 3 to the operation of the heat transfer unit 8 and the boiler 19. Since it can be reflected, it is advantageous for finely adjusting the temperature of the introduced water W1 in the water use facility 3.

また、本第一実施例の場合、四方弁15を切り替えることにより、導入水W1の冷却を行うこともできる。このとき、四方弁15は、圧縮機10の出側の流路が第一の熱源側熱交換器14A側の流路と接続され、圧縮機10の入側の流路が第一の供給側熱交換器13A側の流路に接続される位置とする。この場合、図1中に破線の矢印で示す如く熱媒M1が熱媒循環ライン9を循環することにより、熱源としての排水W2から熱移送部8を介し、導入水W1へ冷熱が受け渡されることになる。 Further, in the case of the first embodiment, the introduced water W1 can be cooled by switching the four-way valve 15. At this time, in the four-way valve 15, the flow path on the outlet side of the compressor 10 is connected to the flow path on the heat exchanger 14A side on the first heat source side, and the flow path on the inlet side of the compressor 10 is the first supply side. The position is set to be connected to the flow path on the heat exchanger 13A side. In this case, as shown by the broken line arrow in FIG. 1, the heat medium M1 circulates in the heat medium circulation line 9, so that cold heat is transferred from the wastewater W2 as a heat source to the introduced water W1 via the heat transfer unit 8. It will be.

供給側熱交換部13では、膨張弁11で膨張させられた熱媒M1が第一の供給側熱交換器13Aにて中間熱媒M2と熱交換し、中間熱媒M2が熱媒M1から冷熱を受け取る。熱媒M1から冷熱を受け取った中間熱媒M2は、第二の供給側熱交換器13Bにて導入水W1と熱交換し、導入水W1が冷却される。 In the supply side heat exchange unit 13, the heat medium M1 expanded by the expansion valve 11 exchanges heat with the intermediate heat medium M2 in the first supply side heat exchanger 13A, and the intermediate heat medium M2 cools heat from the heat medium M1. To receive. The intermediate heat medium M2, which has received cold heat from the heat medium M1, exchanges heat with the introduced water W1 in the second supply-side heat exchanger 13B, and the introduced water W1 is cooled.

熱源側熱交換部14では、圧縮機10で圧縮された熱媒M1が第一の熱源側熱交換器14Aにて中間熱媒M3と熱交換し、中間熱媒M3から熱媒M1へ冷熱が受け渡される。熱媒M1へ冷熱を受け渡した中間熱媒M3は、第二の熱源側熱交換器14Bにて排水W2と熱交換し、排水W2から冷熱を受け取る。 In the heat source side heat exchange unit 14, the heat medium M1 compressed by the compressor 10 exchanges heat with the intermediate heat medium M3 in the first heat source side heat exchanger 14A, and cold heat is transferred from the intermediate heat medium M3 to the heat medium M1. Handed over. The intermediate heat medium M3 that has passed the cold heat to the heat medium M1 exchanges heat with the drainage W2 at the second heat source side heat exchanger 14B, and receives the cold heat from the drainage W2.

このように、本第一実施例では、熱媒循環ライン9に流路切替器として四方弁15を備えることにより、排水W2を熱源として導入水W1の加温だけでなく、冷却をも行うことができる。 As described above, in the first embodiment, by providing the heat medium circulation line 9 with the four-way valve 15 as the flow path switch, the drainage W2 is used as a heat source to not only heat the introduced water W1 but also cool it. Can be done.

本第一実施例の如きヒートポンプシステムは、例えば以下の如く構築することができる。熱媒循環ライン9に圧縮機10、膨張弁11、第一の供給側熱交換器13A、第一の熱源側熱交換器14Aを備えたヒートポンプ部12には、ヒートポンプ装置として販売されている一般的な製品を利用することができる。そして、ヒートポンプ部12の一側の熱交換器(第一の供給側熱交換器13A)の出入口に、供給側の中間熱媒循環ライン13Cを介して第二の供給側熱交換器13Bを外付けし、2台の熱交換器13A,13Bを備えた供給側熱交換部13を形成する。また、他側の熱交換器(第一の熱源側熱交換器14A)の出入口に、熱源側の中間熱媒循環ライン14Cを介して第二の熱源側熱交換器14Bを外付けし、2台の熱交換器14A,14Bを備えた熱源側熱交換部14を形成する。 The heat pump system as in the first embodiment can be constructed as follows, for example. A heat pump unit 12 provided with a compressor 10, an expansion valve 11, a first supply-side heat exchanger 13A, and a first heat source-side heat exchanger 14A on a heat medium circulation line 9 is generally sold as a heat pump device. Products can be used. Then, the second supply-side heat exchanger 13B is removed from the inlet / outlet of the heat exchanger (first supply-side heat exchanger 13A) on one side of the heat pump unit 12 via the supply-side intermediate heat medium circulation line 13C. Attached to form a supply-side heat exchange unit 13 provided with two heat exchangers 13A and 13B. Further, a second heat source side heat exchanger 14B is externally attached to the inlet / outlet of the heat exchanger on the other side (first heat source side heat exchanger 14A) via the heat source side intermediate heat medium circulation line 14C. A heat source side heat exchange unit 14 provided with the table heat exchangers 14A and 14B is formed.

さらに、第二の供給側熱交換器13Bに供給ライン2を接続し、導入水W1が流通するようにする。また、第二の熱源側熱交換器14Bに第二の排出ライン7を接続し、排水W2が流通するようにする。 Further, the supply line 2 is connected to the second supply side heat exchanger 13B so that the introduced water W1 can flow. Further, a second discharge line 7 is connected to the second heat source side heat exchanger 14B so that the wastewater W2 can circulate.

このように構成された本第一実施例のヒートポンプシステムでは、熱媒M1と導入水W1との間で熱交換を行うにあたり、第一の供給側熱交換器13Aに導入水W1が流通しない。第一の供給側熱交換器13Aには導入水W1ではなく中間熱媒M2が流通し、熱媒M1と中間熱媒M2との間で熱交換が行われる。導入水W1は、第一の供給側熱交換器13Aではなく第二の供給側熱交換器13Bに送り込まれ、熱媒M1と熱交換した後の中間熱媒M2から熱を受け取る。こうして、導入水W1は中間熱媒M2を介して間接的に熱媒M1から熱を受け取る。同様に、熱媒M1と排水W2との熱交換に際し、第一の熱源側熱交換器14Aには排水W2が流通せず、排水W2は中間熱媒M3を介して間接的に熱媒M1へ熱を受け渡す。 In the heat pump system of the first embodiment configured as described above, the introduced water W1 does not flow to the first supply-side heat exchanger 13A when heat is exchanged between the heat medium M1 and the introduced water W1. An intermediate heat medium M2 flows through the first supply-side heat exchanger 13A instead of the introduced water W1, and heat exchange is performed between the heat medium M1 and the intermediate heat medium M2. The introduced water W1 is sent to the second supply side heat exchanger 13B instead of the first supply side heat exchanger 13A, and receives heat from the intermediate heat medium M2 after heat exchange with the heat medium M1. In this way, the introduced water W1 indirectly receives heat from the heat medium M1 via the intermediate heat medium M2. Similarly, when exchanging heat between the heat medium M1 and the waste W2, the waste W2 does not flow to the first heat source side heat exchanger 14A, and the waste W2 indirectly goes to the heat medium M1 via the intermediate heat medium M3. Pass the heat.

このようにすると、ヒートポンプ部12を構成する第一の供給側熱交換器13Aと第一の熱源側熱交換器14Aが、導入水W1、排水W2により汚染されたり、腐蝕したりすることを防止することができる。例えば第一の供給側熱交換器13Aと第一の熱源側熱交換器14Aがステンレス製であり、水使用設備3が海水を利用する養殖槽である場合、導入水W1、排水W2を第一の供給側熱交換器13A、第一の熱源側熱交換器14Aに通すと、素材が腐蝕する可能性がある。また、海水中に含まれる異物や、養殖対象から排出される老廃物等が第一の供給側熱交換器13Aや第一の熱源側熱交換器14Aを汚染することも考えられる。そこで本第一実施例の如く、ヒートポンプ部12の構成要素である熱交換器13A,14Aには腐食性が低く汚れの少ない中間熱媒M2,M3を導入し、該中間熱媒M2,M3を介して間接的に熱交換を行うようにすれば、熱交換器13A,14Aの汚染や腐食を防止できる。よって、第一の供給側熱交換器13Aと第一の熱源側熱交換器14Aに関しては、清掃や部品交換等のメンテナンスにかかる手間やコストを著しく低減することができる。 By doing so, it is possible to prevent the first supply side heat exchanger 13A and the first heat source side heat exchanger 14A constituting the heat pump unit 12 from being contaminated or corroded by the introduced water W1 and the drainage W2. can do. For example, when the first supply side heat exchanger 13A and the first heat source side heat exchanger 14A are made of stainless steel and the water use facility 3 is a culture tank using seawater, the introduced water W1 and the drainage W2 are the first. When passed through the supply side heat exchanger 13A and the first heat source side heat exchanger 14A, the material may be corroded. It is also conceivable that foreign matter contained in seawater, waste products discharged from the aquaculture target, and the like contaminate the first supply side heat exchanger 13A and the first heat source side heat exchanger 14A. Therefore, as in the first embodiment, intermediate heat media M2 and M3 having low corrosiveness and less contamination are introduced into the heat exchangers 13A and 14A which are the constituent elements of the heat pump unit 12, and the intermediate heat media M2 and M3 are used. By indirectly exchanging heat through the heat exchangers 13A and 14A, contamination and corrosion can be prevented. Therefore, with respect to the first supply side heat exchanger 13A and the first heat source side heat exchanger 14A, it is possible to significantly reduce the labor and cost required for maintenance such as cleaning and parts replacement.

導入水W1、排水W2が導入される第二の供給側熱交換器13Bおよび第二の熱源側熱交換器14Bについては、上述の如くチタン等の耐腐食性の素材で構成すれば、メンテナンスにかかる手間を最小限とすることができる。また、第二の供給側熱交換器13Bおよび第二の熱源側熱交換器14Bとしてプレート式の熱交換器を採用すれば、内部を流通する導入水W1、排水W2の流速を大きくすることができる。このため、導入水W1、排水W2に汚れが含まれていたとしても、第二の供給側熱交換器13B、第二の熱源側熱交換器14Bの内部で汚れが滞留しにくいので、必要な清掃の頻度が少なくなる。一方、第二の供給側熱交換器13Bおよび第二の熱源側熱交換器14Bとしてシェルアンドチューブ式の熱交換器を採用した場合には、伝熱管に中間熱媒M2,M3を、シェルに導入水W1または排水W2を通すようにする。このようにすれば、導入水W1、排水W2由来の汚れが熱交換器13B,14B内に溜まった際、前記シェルを開ければ汚れの蓄積した部位にアクセスすることができるので、清掃の作業を容易に行うことができる。 The second supply-side heat exchanger 13B and the second heat-source-side heat exchanger 14B into which the introduced water W1 and the drainage W2 are introduced can be maintained by using a corrosion-resistant material such as titanium as described above. The time and effort required can be minimized. Further, if a plate type heat exchanger is adopted as the second supply side heat exchanger 13B and the second heat source side heat exchanger 14B, the flow velocity of the introduced water W1 and the drainage W2 flowing inside can be increased. can. Therefore, even if the introduced water W1 and the drainage W2 contain dirt, the dirt does not easily stay inside the second supply side heat exchanger 13B and the second heat source side heat exchanger 14B, which is necessary. Cleaning is less frequent. On the other hand, when a shell-and-tube heat exchanger is adopted as the second supply side heat exchanger 13B and the second heat source side heat exchanger 14B, the intermediate heat media M2 and M3 are used in the heat transfer tube and the shell is used. Allow the introduction water W1 or the drainage W2 to pass through. By doing so, when dirt derived from the introduced water W1 and drainage W2 accumulates in the heat exchangers 13B and 14B, the part where the dirt has accumulated can be accessed by opening the shell, so that the cleaning work can be performed. It can be done easily.

また、仮に部品交換や清掃、修理といったメンテナンスの必要が生じた場合には、第二の供給側熱交換器13Bおよび第二の熱源側熱交換器14Bとして別の熱交換器をヒートポンプ部12に接続すれば良い。このようにすれば、ヒートポンプ部12およびヒートポンプシステム全体の運転を続行しつつ、第二の供給側熱交換器13Bおよび第二の熱源側熱交換器14Bのメンテナンスを行うことができる。第二の供給側熱交換器13B、第二の熱源側熱交換器14Bのメンテナンスにあたり、システム全体の使用を長期にわたって中断するような必要がないので、メンテナンスに伴って生じるコストをさらに低減することができる。 If maintenance such as parts replacement, cleaning, or repair is required, another heat exchanger is installed in the heat pump section 12 as the second supply side heat exchanger 13B and the second heat source side heat exchanger 14B. Just connect. In this way, maintenance of the second supply side heat exchanger 13B and the second heat source side heat exchanger 14B can be performed while continuing the operation of the heat pump unit 12 and the entire heat pump system. In the maintenance of the second supply side heat exchanger 13B and the second heat source side heat exchanger 14B, it is not necessary to interrupt the use of the entire system for a long period of time, so that the cost caused by the maintenance can be further reduced. Can be done.

以上のように、上記本第一実施例においては、水使用設備3にて使用する水を導入水W1として前記水使用設備3に導く供給ライン2と、流体である熱源W2と導入水W1との間で熱交換を行う熱移送部8とを備え、前記熱移送部8は、圧縮機10と膨張弁11との間を熱媒M1が循環する熱媒循環ライン9を備えたヒートポンプ部12と、熱媒M1と導入水W1との間で熱交換を行う供給側熱交換部13と、熱媒M1と熱源W2との間で熱交換を行う熱源側熱交換部14とを備え、前記供給側熱交換部13または前記熱源側熱交換部14の少なくとも一方は、中間熱媒M2,M3が循環する中間熱媒循環ライン13C,14Cと、中間熱媒M2,M3と熱媒M1との間で熱交換を行う熱交換器13A,14Aと、中間熱媒M2,M3と導入水W1または熱源W2との間で熱交換を行う熱交換器13B,14Bを備えている。ヒートポンプ部12の構成要素(第一の供給側熱交換器13Aと第一の熱源側熱交換器14A)に腐食性が低く汚れの少ない中間熱媒M2,M3を導入し、該中間熱媒M2,M3を介して間接的に熱交換を行うことで、第一の供給側熱交換器13Aと第一の熱源側熱交換器14Aの汚染や腐食を防止することができる。よって、ヒートポンプ部12の構成要素に関し、清掃や部品交換等のメンテナンスにかかる手間やコストを著しく低減することができる。 As described above, in the first embodiment, the supply line 2 that guides the water used in the water use facility 3 to the water use facility 3 as the introduction water W1, the heat source W2 that is the fluid, and the introduction water W1. A heat transfer unit 8 is provided with a heat transfer unit 8 for exchanging heat between the heat transfer units 8, and the heat transfer unit 8 is a heat pump unit 12 provided with a heat medium circulation line 9 in which the heat medium M1 circulates between the compressor 10 and the expansion valve 11. A supply-side heat exchange unit 13 that exchanges heat between the heat medium M1 and the introduced water W1 and a heat source-side heat exchange unit 14 that exchanges heat between the heat medium M1 and the heat source W2. At least one of the supply-side heat exchange section 13 or the heat source-side heat exchange section 14 has intermediate heat medium circulation lines 13C and 14C through which intermediate heat mediums M2 and M3 circulate, and intermediate heat mediums M2 and M3 and heat medium M1. It is provided with heat exchangers 13A and 14A for exchanging heat between them, and heat exchangers 13B and 14B for exchanging heat between the intermediate heat media M2 and M3 and the introduced water W1 or the heat source W2. Intermediate heat media M2 and M3 with low corrosiveness and less contamination are introduced into the components of the heat pump unit 12 (first supply side heat exchanger 13A and first heat source side heat exchanger 14A), and the intermediate heat medium M2 is introduced. By indirectly exchanging heat via M3, it is possible to prevent contamination and corrosion of the first supply side heat exchanger 13A and the first heat source side heat exchanger 14A. Therefore, with respect to the components of the heat pump unit 12, it is possible to significantly reduce the labor and cost required for maintenance such as cleaning and parts replacement.

また、本第一実施例においては、熱源W2として前記水使用設備3からの排水を利用している。このようにすれば、導入水W1の温度調整にあたり、排水W2に含まれる熱エネルギーの一部を回収して再利用することができる。また、その際、熱源である排水W2の温度が水使用設備3における導入水W1の適温と大きく異なることがないため、安定した熱交換効率を保つことができる。さらに、水使用設備3に近接する位置にある排水W2を熱源として利用することで、配管の設置にかかる材料費や工費の高騰、熱源の輸送に必要なポンプの出力の増大、熱損失の増大といった諸問題も回避される。 Further, in the first embodiment, the wastewater from the water use facility 3 is used as the heat source W2. By doing so, when adjusting the temperature of the introduced water W1, a part of the heat energy contained in the waste water W2 can be recovered and reused. Further, at that time, since the temperature of the wastewater W2, which is a heat source, does not differ significantly from the optimum temperature of the introduced water W1 in the water use facility 3, stable heat exchange efficiency can be maintained. Furthermore, by using the wastewater W2 located close to the water use facility 3 as a heat source, the material cost and construction cost for installing the pipes will rise, the output of the pump required for transporting the heat source will increase, and the heat loss will increase. Problems such as are also avoided.

また、本第一実施例において、中間熱媒M2,M3と導入水W1または熱源W2との間で熱交換を行う前記熱交換器13B,14Bは耐腐食性の素材で構成することができる。このようにすれば、導入水W1、排水W2が導入される熱交換器13B,14Bに関し、メンテナンスにかかる手間を最小限とすることができる。 Further, in the first embodiment, the heat exchangers 13B and 14B that exchange heat between the intermediate heat media M2 and M3 and the introduced water W1 or the heat source W2 can be made of a corrosion-resistant material. By doing so, it is possible to minimize the time and effort required for maintenance of the heat exchangers 13B and 14B into which the introduced water W1 and the drainage W2 are introduced.

また、本第一実施例において、中間熱媒M2,M3と導入水W1または熱源W2との間で熱交換を行う前記熱交換器13B,14Bは、複数の伝熱プレートを積層し、該複数の伝熱プレート同士の間に流体の流路を形成するプレート式の熱交換器とすることができる。このようにすれば、熱交換器13B,14Bの内部で汚れが滞留しにくいので、必要な清掃の頻度を少なくすることができる。 Further, in the first embodiment, in the heat exchangers 13B and 14B that exchange heat between the intermediate heat media M2 and M3 and the introduced water W1 or the heat source W2, a plurality of heat transfer plates are laminated and the plurality of heat transfer plates are laminated. It can be a plate-type heat exchanger that forms a flow path of fluid between the heat transfer plates. By doing so, dirt does not easily accumulate inside the heat exchangers 13B and 14B, so that the frequency of necessary cleaning can be reduced.

また、本第一実施例において、中間熱媒M2,M3と導入水W1または熱源W2との間で熱交換を行う前記熱交換器13B,14Bは、シェル内に伝熱管を収容し、該伝熱管内と前記シェル内にそれぞれ導入した流体同士の間で熱交換を行うシェルアンドチューブ式の熱交換器とし、前記伝熱管に中間熱媒M2,M3を、前記シェルに導入水W1または排水W2を通すことができる。このようにすれば、導入水W1、排水W2由来の汚れが熱交換器13B,14B内に溜まった際、前記シェルを開ければ汚れの蓄積した部位にアクセスすることができるので、清掃の作業を容易に行うことができる。 Further, in the first embodiment, the heat exchangers 13B and 14B that exchange heat between the intermediate heat media M2 and M3 and the introduced water W1 or the heat source W2 accommodate a heat transfer tube in the shell and transfer the heat. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the fluids introduced in the heat tube and the shell, and the intermediate heat media M2 and M3 are introduced into the heat transfer tube, and the water W1 or drain W2 introduced into the shell. Can be passed through. By doing so, when dirt derived from the introduced water W1 and drainage W2 accumulates in the heat exchangers 13B and 14B, the part where the dirt has accumulated can be accessed by opening the shell, so that the cleaning work can be performed. It can be done easily.

また、本第一実施例において、前記水使用設備3は生物の養殖を行う養殖槽とすることができる。 Further, in the first embodiment, the water use facility 3 can be an aquaculture tank for cultivating organisms.

したがって、上記本第一実施例によれば、ヒートポンプのメンテナンスにかかる手間とコストを軽減し得る。 Therefore, according to the first embodiment, it is possible to reduce the labor and cost required for the maintenance of the heat pump.

図2は本発明の実施によるヒートポンプシステムの形態の別の一例を示している。本第二実施例の基本的な構成は上記第一実施例(図1参照)と概ね共通しているが、供給側熱交換部13に、熱交換器として第一の供給側熱交換器13Aの一台のみを備えている点が異なっている。 FIG. 2 shows another example of the form of the heat pump system according to the implementation of the present invention. The basic configuration of the second embodiment is generally the same as that of the first embodiment (see FIG. 1), but the supply side heat exchanger 13 has the first supply side heat exchanger 13A as a heat exchanger. The difference is that it has only one unit.

こうした構成は、例えば導入水W1が清浄で腐食性の低い真水であり、排水W2が汚れを含みあるいは腐食性を有する水である場合に有効である。導入水W1が清浄な真水であれば、ヒートポンプ部12を構成する第一の供給側熱交換器13Aへ導入しても、腐食や汚れといった問題は生じない。よって、供給側については第二の供給側熱交換器13Bを外付けする必要はない。第二の供給側熱交換器13Bを外付けしなければ、設置にかかる費用を節減できるほか、中間熱媒M2を用いて熱交換を間接的に行うことによる熱交換効率の低下も避けることができる。 Such a configuration is effective, for example, when the introduced water W1 is clean and less corrosive fresh water, and the wastewater W2 is water containing dirt or having corrosiveness. If the introduced water W1 is clean fresh water, even if it is introduced into the first supply-side heat exchanger 13A constituting the heat pump unit 12, problems such as corrosion and dirt do not occur. Therefore, it is not necessary to externally attach the second supply side heat exchanger 13B on the supply side. If the second supply-side heat exchanger 13B is not externally attached, the installation cost can be reduced, and the decrease in heat exchange efficiency due to indirect heat exchange using the intermediate heat medium M2 can be avoided. can.

一方、汚れや腐食性を有する排水W2については、上記第一実施例と同様に外付けした第二の熱源側熱交換器14Bに通し、ヒートポンプ部12を構成する第一の熱源側熱交換器14Aの汚染、腐食を防止している。 On the other hand, the waste W2 having dirt and corrosiveness is passed through the second heat source side heat exchanger 14B externally attached in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and the first heat source side heat exchanger constituting the heat pump unit 12 is passed. It prevents contamination and corrosion of 14A.

あるいは逆に、図示は省略するが、第一の供給側熱交換器13A側にのみ第二の供給側熱交換器13Bを外付けし、第一の熱源側熱交換器14Aには排水W2を通すようにすることも考えられる。例えば水使用設備3が下水等の処理施設である場合等、導入水W1が腐食性または汚れを含み、排水W2が清浄である場合に有効である。 Or conversely, although not shown, the second supply side heat exchanger 13B is externally attached only to the first supply side heat exchanger 13A side, and the drainage W2 is provided to the first heat source side heat exchanger 14A. It is also conceivable to let it pass. This is effective when the introduced water W1 contains corrosiveness or dirt and the wastewater W2 is clean, for example, when the water use facility 3 is a treatment facility for sewage or the like.

このように、本発明を実施する場合、2つの熱交換部13,14の両方に熱交換器を2台備える必要はなく、汚れや腐食の懸念されるいずれか一方の熱交換部のみを対象としても良い。 As described above, when the present invention is carried out, it is not necessary to provide two heat exchangers in both of the two heat exchange units 13 and 14, and only one of the heat exchange units where there is a concern about dirt or corrosion is targeted. May be.

その他の構成や作用効果については上記本第一実施例と同様であるため説明を省略するが、本第二実施例によっても、ヒートポンプのメンテナンスにかかる手間とコストを軽減し得る。 Since other configurations and operational effects are the same as those in the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted, but the second embodiment can also reduce the labor and cost required for the maintenance of the heat pump.

図3は本発明の実施によるヒートポンプシステムの形態の参考例を示している。本参考例の基本的な構成は上記第一実施例(図1参照)と概ね共通しているが、熱源として排水W2を利用せず、外部から引き込んだ熱源(外部熱源)W3を利用する点が異なっている。 FIG. 3 shows a reference example of the form of the heat pump system according to the implementation of the present invention. The basic configuration of this reference example is almost the same as that of the first embodiment (see FIG. 1), but the wastewater W2 is not used as the heat source, but the heat source (external heat source) W3 drawn from the outside is used. Is different.

外部熱源W3としては、例えば地下水、温泉水、海水、湖水、河川水その他の各種の流体を利用することができる。外部熱源W3は引込ライン22を通じて引き込まれ、該引込ライン22の途中に接続された第二の熱源側熱交換器14Bに導入されて、中間熱媒循環ライン14Cを流通する中間熱媒M3と熱交換する。中間熱媒M3と熱交換した後の外部熱源W3は、引込ライン22から外部へ排出される。こうした外部熱源W3の輸送は、引込ライン22の途中に設置された引込ポンプ23により駆動される。 As the external heat source W3, for example, groundwater, hot spring water, seawater, lake water, river water and various other fluids can be used. The external heat source W3 is drawn in through the lead-in line 22, is introduced into the second heat source side heat exchanger 14B connected in the middle of the lead-in line 22, and heats with the intermediate heat medium M3 flowing through the intermediate heat medium circulation line 14C. Exchange. The external heat source W3 after heat exchange with the intermediate heat medium M3 is discharged to the outside from the lead-in line 22. The transportation of such an external heat source W3 is driven by a lead-in pump 23 installed in the middle of the lead-in line 22.

このように熱源として外部熱源W3を利用する場合、導入水W1と外部熱源W3が近接するとは限らず、外部熱源W3の位置によっては、引込ライン22の総距離が長くなって設置費用の増大、引込ポンプ23の出力増大、熱損失の増大といった問題が生じ得る。しかしながら、例えば排水W2が特に強い腐食性を有する等、排水W2を熱移送部8の熱源として用いることについて不都合が大きい場合には、本参考例のように外部熱源W3を利用することもできる。 When the external heat source W3 is used as the heat source in this way, the introduced water W1 and the external heat source W3 are not always close to each other, and depending on the position of the external heat source W3, the total distance of the lead-in line 22 becomes long and the installation cost increases. Problems such as an increase in the output of the pull-in pump 23 and an increase in heat loss may occur. However, when there is a great inconvenience in using the wastewater W2 as the heat source of the heat transfer unit 8, for example, the wastewater W2 has a particularly strong corrosiveness, the external heat source W3 can also be used as in this reference example .

尚、本発明のヒートポンプシステムは、上述の実施例にのみ限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において種々変更を加え得ることは勿論である。 It should be noted that the heat pump system of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is needless to say that various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

1 給水槽
2 供給ライン
3 水使用設備
4 排出部
5 排出ライン
6 第一の排出ライン
7 第二の排出ライン
8 熱移送部
9 熱媒循環ライン
10 圧縮機
11 膨張弁
12 ヒートポンプ部
13 供給側熱交換部
13A 熱交換器(第一の供給側熱交換器)
13B 熱交換器(第二の供給側熱交換器)
13C 中間熱媒循環ライン(供給側の中間熱媒循環ライン)
14 熱源側熱交換部
14A 熱交換器(第一の熱源側熱交換器)
14B 熱交換器(第二の熱源側熱交換器)
14C 中間熱媒循環ライン(熱源側の中間熱媒循環ライン)
15 流路切替器(四方弁)
16 供給ポンプ
17 排出ポンプ
18 取水ライン
19 ボイラ
20 温度センサ
20a 温度信号
21 制御装置
22 引込ライン
23 引込ポンプ
M1 熱媒
M2 中間熱媒(供給側の中間熱媒)
M3 中間熱媒(排出側の中間熱媒)
W1 導入水
W2 熱源(排水)
W3 熱源(外部熱源)
1 Water supply tank 2 Supply line 3 Water use equipment 4 Discharge part 5 Discharge line 6 First discharge line 7 Second discharge line 8 Heat transfer part 9 Heat medium circulation line 10 Compressor 11 Expansion valve 12 Heat pump part 13 Supply side heat Exchanger 13A Heat exchanger (first supply side heat exchanger)
13B heat exchanger (second supply side heat exchanger)
13C Intermediate heat medium circulation line (intermediate heat medium circulation line on the supply side)
14 Heat source side heat exchanger 14A heat exchanger (first heat source side heat exchanger)
14B heat exchanger (second heat source side heat exchanger)
14C intermediate heat medium circulation line (intermediate heat medium circulation line on the heat source side)
15 Flow path switch (four-way valve)
16 Supply pump 17 Discharge pump 18 Intake line 19 Boiler 20 Temperature sensor 20a Temperature signal 21 Control device 22 Pull-in line 23 Pull-in pump M1 Heat medium M2 Intermediate heat medium (intermediate heat medium on the supply side)
M3 intermediate heat medium (intermediate heat medium on the discharge side)
W1 Introduced water W2 Heat source (drainage)
W3 heat source (external heat source)

Claims (5)

水使用設備にて使用する水を導入水として前記水使用設備に導く供給ラインと、
前記水使用設備の排水を熱源として前記導入水との間で熱交換を行う熱移送部とを備え、
前記熱移送部は、
圧縮機と膨張弁との間を熱媒が循環する熱媒循環ラインを備えたヒートポンプ部と、
熱媒と導入水との間で熱交換を行う供給側熱交換部と、
熱媒と熱源との間で熱交換を行う熱源側熱交換部とを備え、
前記供給側熱交換部または前記熱源側熱交換部の少なくとも一方は、
中間熱媒が循環する中間熱媒循環ラインと、
中間熱媒と熱媒との間で熱交換を行う熱交換器と、
中間熱媒と導入水または熱源との間で熱交換を行う熱交換器を備えているヒートポンプシステム。
A supply line that guides the water used in the water-using equipment to the water-using equipment as introductory water,
It is equipped with a heat transfer unit that exchanges heat with the introduced water using the drainage of the water-using equipment as a heat source .
The heat transfer unit is
A heat pump unit equipped with a heat medium circulation line in which a heat medium circulates between the compressor and the expansion valve,
A supply-side heat exchange unit that exchanges heat between the heat medium and the introduced water,
Equipped with a heat source side heat exchange unit that exchanges heat between the heat medium and the heat source.
At least one of the supply side heat exchange unit and the heat source side heat exchange unit
The intermediate heat medium circulation line where the intermediate heat medium circulates,
A heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the intermediate heat medium and the heat medium,
A heat pump system equipped with a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the intermediate heat medium and the introduced water or heat source.
中間熱媒と導入水または熱源との間で熱交換を行う前記熱交換器は耐腐食性の素材で構成されている、請求項に記載のヒートポンプシステム。 The heat pump system according to claim 1 , wherein the heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the intermediate heat medium and the introduced water or a heat source is made of a corrosion-resistant material. 中間熱媒と導入水または熱源との間で熱交換を行う前記熱交換器は、複数の伝熱プレートを積層し、該複数の伝熱プレート同士の間に流体の流路を形成するプレート式の熱交換器である、請求項1または2のいずれか一項に記載のヒートポンプシステム。 The heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the intermediate heat medium and the introduced water or heat source is a plate type in which a plurality of heat transfer plates are laminated and a fluid flow path is formed between the plurality of heat transfer plates. The heat pump system according to any one of claims 1 or 2 , which is a heat exchanger of the above. 中間熱媒と導入水または熱源との間で熱交換を行う前記熱交換器は、シェル内に伝熱管を収容し、該伝熱管内と前記シェル内にそれぞれ導入した流体同士の間で熱交換を行うシェルアンドチューブ式の熱交換器とし、前記伝熱管に中間熱媒を、前記シェルに導入水または熱源を通す、請求項1または2のいずれか一項に記載のヒートポンプシステム。 The heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the intermediate heat medium and the introduced water or heat source accommodates a heat transfer tube in a shell, and heat exchanges between the fluids introduced in the heat transfer tube and the shell, respectively. The heat pump system according to any one of claims 1 or 2 , wherein the heat exchanger is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and an intermediate heat medium is passed through the heat transfer tube and the introduced water or a heat source is passed through the shell. 前記水使用設備は生物の養殖を行う養殖槽である、請求項1~のいずれか一項に記載のヒートポンプシステム。 The heat pump system according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the water use facility is an aquaculture tank for cultivating organisms.
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