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JP7060486B2 - Charge control device - Google Patents
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JP7060486B2 - Charge control device - Google Patents

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JP7060486B2
JP7060486B2 JP2018191515A JP2018191515A JP7060486B2 JP 7060486 B2 JP7060486 B2 JP 7060486B2 JP 2018191515 A JP2018191515 A JP 2018191515A JP 2018191515 A JP2018191515 A JP 2018191515A JP 7060486 B2 JP7060486 B2 JP 7060486B2
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charge rate
charge
outside air
leaving time
battery
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JP2020061861A (en
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剛史 松田
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/25Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by controlling the electric load
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B60L58/13Maintaining the SoC within a determined range
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44Methods for charging or discharging
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14Plug-in electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Description

本発明は、電気自動車やプラグインハイブリッド自動車などの電動車両のバッテリへの充電を制御する充電制御装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a charge control device that controls charging of a battery of an electric vehicle such as an electric vehicle or a plug-in hybrid vehicle.

電気自動車のバッテリとして一般的に用いられているリチウムイオン電池は、バッテリの温度が高いほど、また充電率(SOC)が高いほど、劣化が進行しやすいという特性を有する。この種の劣化は、主として車両が走行していない停車中に進行する。このような特性を考慮し、バッテリの劣化を抑制する充電制御装置が、例えば特許文献1に開示されている。 Lithium-ion batteries, which are generally used as batteries for electric vehicles, have a characteristic that deterioration is more likely to proceed as the temperature of the battery is higher and the charge rate (SOC) is higher. This type of deterioration progresses primarily during a stop when the vehicle is not running. A charge control device that suppresses deterioration of a battery in consideration of such characteristics is disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1.

この充電制御装置では、外部電源を用いて充電を行う際、バッテリが満充電状態になる充電完了時刻を推定するとともに、車両の現在位置周辺の、推定された充電完了時刻における外気温を推定する。そして、この推定外気温が所定温度以上のときには、バッテリが満充電状態になる前に充電を終了させ、推定外気温が所定温度未満のときには、バッテリが満充電状態になるまで充電を継続させる。 This charge control device estimates the charge completion time when the battery is fully charged when charging using an external power source, and estimates the outside air temperature at the estimated charge completion time around the current position of the vehicle. .. Then, when the estimated outside temperature is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, charging is terminated before the battery is fully charged, and when the estimated outside temperature is less than the predetermined temperature, charging is continued until the battery is fully charged.

特開2015-89246号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2015-89246

上述したように、従来の充電制御装置では、外部充電を行った際の充電完了時刻とその時刻での外気温を推定し、その推定外気温に基づき、バッテリを満充電状態まで充電するか否かを決定する。しかし、外部充電の完了後に直ちにユーザーが車両を使用するとは限らず、外部充電の完了から車両の使用開始までの間に、車両が放置されることも多い。このため、従来の充電制御装置では、そのような車両の放置期間中に、外気温が充電完了時の推定外気温から上昇した場合、満充電状態まで充電されたバッテリが高い外気温の影響を受ける結果、バッテリの劣化を抑制することができない。 As described above, in the conventional charge control device, the charge completion time when external charging is performed and the outside air temperature at that time are estimated, and whether or not the battery is charged to a fully charged state based on the estimated outside air temperature. To decide. However, the user does not always use the vehicle immediately after the completion of the external charge, and the vehicle is often left unattended between the completion of the external charge and the start of use of the vehicle. Therefore, in the conventional charge control device, when the outside air temperature rises from the estimated outside air temperature at the time of charging completion during the leaving period of such a vehicle, the battery charged to the fully charged state is affected by the high outside air temperature. As a result, deterioration of the battery cannot be suppressed.

本発明は、このような課題を解決するためになされたものであり、電動車両の放置時間中の高外気温及び高充電率に起因するバッテリの劣化を適切に抑制し、バッテリの寿命を延長することができる充電制御装置を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and appropriately suppresses deterioration of the battery due to high outside air temperature and high charge rate during the leaving time of the electric vehicle, and extends the battery life. It is an object of the present invention to provide a charge control device which can be used.

この目的を達成するために、請求項1に係る発明は、電動車両(実施形態における(以下、本項において同じ)電気自動車EV)のバッテリ3を外部電源(充電スタンドCS)によって充電する外部充電を制御する充電制御装置であって、外部充電の実行に先立ち、外部充電が開始されてから電動車両が目的地に向かって出発するまでの電動車両の放置時間(第1放置時間TM_S1、第2放置時間TM_S2)を推定する放置時間推定手段(ECU10、図2のステップ4、5)と、推定された放置時間における外気温の予想値である外気温予想値T_hatを取得する外気温予想値取得手段(気温情報DB25、ECU10、ステップ6、7)と、取得された外気温予想値T_hatに基づき、放置時間中にバッテリ3の充電率SOCがバッテリ3の劣化を抑制可能な所定の充電率上限値SOCLMTを超えないように、外部充電を制御する充電制御手段(ECU10、ステップ10、13)と、を備え、放置時間推定手段は、放置時間として、外部充電の開始時から電動車両が目的地に向かって出発するまでの第1放置時間TM_S1と、電動車両が目的地に到着してから目的地を出発するまでの第2放置時間TM_S2を推定し(ステップ4、5)、外気温予想値取得手段は、第1放置時間TM_S1に対して取得された外気温予想値T_hatのうちの最高温度である第1最高外気温TH_hat1と、第2放置時間TM_S2に対して取得された外気温予想値T_hatのうちの最高温度である第2最高外気温TH_hat2と、を取得し(ステップ6、7)、取得された第1及び第2最高外気温TH_hat1、TH_hat2のうちのより高い方に応じて、充電率上限値SOCLMTを設定する上限値設定手段(ECU10、ステップ8、9、11)をさらに備えることを特徴とする。 In order to achieve this object, the invention according to claim 1 is an external charge for charging a battery 3 of an electric vehicle (an electric vehicle EV in the embodiment (hereinafter, the same in this section)) by an external power source (charging stand CS). It is a charge control device that controls the operation, and the leaving time of the electric vehicle (first leaving time TM_S1, second) from the start of the external charging to the departure of the electric vehicle toward the destination prior to the execution of the external charging. Acquisition of the expected outside temperature value T_hat, which is the expected value of the outside temperature in the estimated leaving time, and the leaving time estimation means (ECU 10, steps 4 and 5 in FIG. 2) for estimating the leaving time TM_S2). Based on the means (temperature information DB 25, ECU 10, steps 6 and 7) and the acquired outside temperature expected value T_hat, the charge rate SOC of the battery 3 can suppress the deterioration of the battery 3 during the leaving time. A charge control means (ECU 10, steps 10, 13) for controlling external charging so as not to exceed the value SOCLMT is provided , and the leaving time estimation means sets the leaving time as the leaving time of the electric vehicle from the start of external charging to the destination. The first neglected time TM_S1 until the vehicle departs toward the destination and the second neglected time TM_S2 from the arrival of the electric vehicle to the departure from the destination are estimated (steps 4 and 5), and the expected outside temperature is estimated. The acquisition means are the first maximum outside temperature TH_hat1, which is the highest temperature among the expected outside temperature values T_hat acquired for the first leaving time TM_S1, and the expected outside temperature value acquired for the second leaving time TM_S2. The second maximum outside temperature TH_hat2, which is the highest temperature of T_hat, is acquired (steps 6 and 7), and the higher of the acquired first and second maximum outside temperatures TH_hat1 and TH_hat2 is obtained. It is further provided with an upper limit value setting means (ECU 10, steps 8, 9, 11) for setting the upper limit value SOCLMT of the charge rate .

この充電制御装置によれば、バッテリを外部電源によって充電する外部充電の実行に先立ち、外部充電の開始時から電動車両が目的地に向かって出発するまでの電動車両の放置時間が推定される。また、推定された放置時間における外気温予想値が取得される。そして、取得された外気温予想値に基づき、放置時間中にバッテリの充電率がバッテリの劣化を抑制可能な所定の上限値を超えないように、外部充電が制御される。 According to this charge control device, prior to the execution of external charging in which the battery is charged by an external power source, the leaving time of the electric vehicle from the start of the external charging to the departure of the electric vehicle toward the destination is estimated. In addition, the estimated outside air temperature value for the estimated leaving time is acquired. Then, based on the acquired outside air temperature forecast value, the external charge is controlled so that the charge rate of the battery does not exceed a predetermined upper limit value capable of suppressing the deterioration of the battery during the leaving time.

以上の制御により、電動車両が外部充電の完了後に放置され、その放置時間中に外気温が上昇するような場合においても、外気温予想値に基づき、外部充電によるバッテリの充電率を所定の充電率上限値以下に制御することによって、バッテリの劣化が抑制される。これにより、電動車両の放置時間中の高外気温及び高充電率に起因するバッテリの劣化を適切に抑制し、バッテリの寿命を延長することができる。
また、電動車両の放置時間として、外部充電の開始時から目的地への出発時までの第1放置時間に加えて、目的地への到着時から目的地からの出発時までの第2放置時間が推定される。また、第1及び第2放置時間中にそれぞれ取得された外気温予想値のうちの最高温度である第1及び第2最高外気温が取得される。そして、第1及び第2最高外気温のうちのより高い方に応じて充電率上限値を設定するので、外部充電の際の充電率上限値によるバッテリの充電率の制限をより適切に行うことができ、放置時間中の高外気温及び高充電率に起因するバッテリの劣化をさらに適切に抑制することができる。
With the above control, even if the electric vehicle is left unattended after the completion of external charging and the outside temperature rises during the leaving time, the charging rate of the battery by external charging is set to a predetermined value based on the expected outside air temperature. By controlling the rate to the upper limit or less, the deterioration of the battery is suppressed. As a result, deterioration of the battery due to high outside air temperature and high charge rate during the leaving time of the electric vehicle can be appropriately suppressed, and the life of the battery can be extended.
In addition, as the leaving time of the electric vehicle, in addition to the first leaving time from the start of external charging to the departure from the destination, the second leaving time from the arrival at the destination to the departure from the destination. Is estimated. In addition, the first and second maximum outside air temperatures, which are the maximum temperatures among the expected outside air temperature values acquired during the first and second leaving times, respectively, are acquired. Then, since the upper limit of the charge rate is set according to the higher of the first and second maximum outside temperatures, the charge rate of the battery should be more appropriately limited by the upper limit of the charge rate at the time of external charging. It is possible to more appropriately suppress the deterioration of the battery due to the high outside air temperature and the high charge rate during the leaving time.

請求項2に係る発明は、請求項1に記載の充電制御装置において、ユーザーによる電動車両の使用履歴を表す履歴データを記憶する履歴データ記憶手段(使用履歴DB24)をさらに備え、現在の日時、電動車両の現在位置及び履歴データに応じて、目的地を推定する目的地推定手段をさらに備えることを特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 2 further comprises a history data storage means (usage history DB 24) for storing history data representing the usage history of the electric vehicle by the user in the charge control device according to claim 1, and the present date and time. It is characterized by further comprising a destination estimation means for estimating a destination according to the current position and historical data of the electric vehicle.

この構成によれば、外部充電の後に電動車両が向かう目的地が、現在の日時、現在位置及び履歴データに応じて推定される。この構成は以下の観点に基づく。すなわち、電動車両のユーザーの多くは、例えば平日の朝晩は通勤に、休日の昼間はレジャーにというように、電動車両を曜日や時間に応じた規則性をもって運転しており、無計画に運転を行うことは少ない。このため、ユーザーの過去における使用履歴を履歴データとして記憶するとともに、現在の日時や現在位置を履歴データに照合などすることによって、ユーザーが意図する目的地を推定することが可能である。したがって、そのように推定された目的地に応じて、電動車両の放置時間を適切に推定することができる。 According to this configuration, the destination to which the electric vehicle heads after external charging is estimated according to the current date and time, the current position, and the historical data. This configuration is based on the following perspectives. That is, many users of electric vehicles drive the electric vehicle with regularity according to the day of the week and time, for example, for commuting on weekday mornings and evenings and for leisure during the daytime on holidays, and drive unplanned. There is little to do. Therefore, it is possible to estimate the destination intended by the user by storing the past usage history of the user as historical data and collating the current date and time and the current position with the historical data. Therefore, it is possible to appropriately estimate the leaving time of the electric vehicle according to the destination so estimated.

請求項に係る発明は、請求項1又は2に記載の充電制御装置において、電動車両が外部充電の後に目的地まで走行するのに消費される消費充電率ΔSOCを算出する消費充電率算出手段(ECU10、ステップ12)をさらに備え、充電制御手段は、第2最高外気温TH_hat2が第1最高外気温TH_hat1よりも高いときに、外部充電の際の目標となる目標充電率SOCCMDを、充電率上限値SOCLMTと算出された消費充電率ΔSOCとの和に設定すること(ステップ8、12)を特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 3 is the charge consumption rate calculation means for calculating the consumption charge rate ΔSOC consumed for the electric vehicle to travel to the destination after external charging in the charge control device according to claim 1 or 2 . (ECU 10, step 12) is further provided, and the charge control means sets the target charge rate SOCCMD, which is the target for external charging, when the second maximum outside temperature TH_hat2 is higher than the first maximum outside temperature TH_hat1. It is characterized in that it is set to the sum of the upper limit value SOCLMT and the calculated consumption charge rate ΔSOC (steps 8 and 12).

この構成によれば、電動車両が目的地まで走行するのに消費される消費充電率が算出される。また、第2最高外気温が第1最高外気温よりも高いときには、外部充電の際の目標となる目標充電率が、第2最高外気温に応じて設定された充電率上限値と消費充電率との和に設定される。これにより、バッテリは、外部充電によって充電率上限値と消費充電率との和まで充電されることで、高い充電率が確保される。その後、電動車両が目的地まで走行すると、その間に消費充電率の分が消費されることで、バッテリの充電率は充電率上限値まで減少する。したがって、その後の第2放置時間において、外気温が第2最高外気温まで上昇した場合においても、バッテリ3の劣化を適切に抑制することができる。以上のように、外部充電による充電率を可能な限り確保しながら、第2放置時間におけるバッテリの劣化を適切に抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, the consumption charge rate consumed for the electric vehicle to travel to the destination is calculated. When the second maximum outside air temperature is higher than the first maximum outside air temperature, the target charge rate, which is the target for external charging, is the charge rate upper limit value and the consumption charge rate set according to the second maximum outside air temperature. It is set to the sum of and. As a result, the battery is charged up to the sum of the upper limit of the charge rate and the consumption charge rate by external charging, so that a high charge rate is ensured. After that, when the electric vehicle travels to the destination, the charge rate of the battery is consumed during that time, so that the charge rate of the battery is reduced to the upper limit of the charge rate. Therefore, even when the outside air temperature rises to the second maximum outside air temperature in the subsequent second leaving time, the deterioration of the battery 3 can be appropriately suppressed. As described above, it is possible to appropriately suppress the deterioration of the battery during the second leaving time while ensuring the charging rate by external charging as much as possible.

請求項に係る発明は、請求項に記載の充電制御装置において、バッテリの実際の充電率である実充電率SOCAを取得する実充電率取得手段(電流電圧計21、ECU10)をさらに備え、充電制御手段は、取得された実充電率SOCAが目標充電率SOCCMD以上のときには、外部充電を保留すること(ステップ14、16)を特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 4 further includes the actual charge rate acquisition means (current voltmeter 21, ECU 10) for acquiring the actual charge rate SOCA, which is the actual charge rate of the battery, in the charge control device according to claim 3 . The charge control means is characterized in that when the acquired actual charge rate SOCA is equal to or higher than the target charge rate SOCCMD, the external charge is suspended (steps 14 and 16).

この構成によれば、バッテリの実充電率が目標充電率以上のときには、バッテリの外部充電を保留する(実行しない)ので、不必要な外部充電とそれに起因するバッテリの劣化を回避することができる。 According to this configuration, when the actual charge rate of the battery is equal to or higher than the target charge rate, the external charge of the battery is suspended (not executed), so that unnecessary external charge and the deterioration of the battery due to it can be avoided. ..

本発明を適用した充電制御装置を、電動車両としての電気自動車及び充電スタンドとともに示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the charge control device to which this invention is applied together with an electric vehicle as an electric vehicle, and a charging stand. 充電制御処理を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the charge control process. 図2の充電制御処理で用いられる上限値マップである。It is an upper limit value map used in the charge control process of FIG. 充電制御処理によって得られる動作例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the operation example obtained by the charge control process. 充電制御処理によって得られる別の動作例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows another operation example obtained by the charge control process.

以下、図面を参照しながら、本発明の好ましい実施形態を詳細に説明する。本発明が適用される電動車両は、図1に示されるような、動力源としてのモータ2、モータ2に電力を供給する駆動用のバッテリ3、及びバッテリ3を充電する充電器4を備える電気自動車EVや、図示しないが、動力源としてモータとエンジンを併用し、外部充電機能を有するプラグインハイブリッド自動車などである。バッテリ3は、高圧のリチウムイオン電池などで構成されている。 Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. An electric vehicle to which the present invention is applied is an electric vehicle including a motor 2 as a power source, a driving battery 3 for supplying power to the motor 2, and a charger 4 for charging the battery 3, as shown in FIG. An electric vehicle EV or a plug-in hybrid vehicle that uses a motor and an engine as a power source and has an external charging function (not shown). The battery 3 is composed of a high-pressure lithium ion battery or the like.

同図に示すように、電気自動車(以下「車両」という)EVの場合、バッテリ3の充電は、車両EVを自宅や充電ステーションの充電スタンドCS(外部電源)の付近に停車させ、充電器4に接続された車両側コネクタ5を充電スタンドCSの充電側コネクタ6に接続した状態で行われ、それにより、電力は、充電スタンドCS側から充電器4を介してバッテリ3に蓄電される。この場合の充電器4の動作は、ECU(電子制御ユニット)10によって制御される。 As shown in the figure, in the case of an electric vehicle (hereinafter referred to as "vehicle") EV, charging of the battery 3 causes the vehicle EV to stop near the charging station CS (external power supply) at home or at a charging station, and the charger 4 This is performed with the vehicle-side connector 5 connected to the charging stand CS connected to the charging-side connector 6 of the charging stand CS, whereby power is stored in the battery 3 from the charging stand CS side via the charger 4. The operation of the charger 4 in this case is controlled by the ECU (electronic control unit) 10.

ECU10には、電流電圧温度計21から、バッテリ3を流れる電流・電圧・温度を表す検出信号が入力される。ECU10は、この検出信号に基づき、バッテリ3の実際の充電率(実充電率)SOCAを算出するとともに、実充電率SOCAが目標充電率SOCCMDになるように、充電器4の動作を制御する。 A detection signal representing the current, voltage, and temperature flowing through the battery 3 is input to the ECU 10 from the current-voltage thermometer 21. The ECU 10 calculates the actual charge rate (actual charge rate) SOCA of the battery 3 based on this detection signal, and controls the operation of the charger 4 so that the actual charge rate SOCA becomes the target charge rate SOCCMD.

ECU10には、カレンダー22及びナビゲーション装置23が接続されている。カレンダー22は、現在の年月日、曜日及び時刻を計時する。また、ECU10は、ナビゲーション装置23から、GPS機能による車両EVの現在の位置情報や、地図情報、渋滞情報などを取得する。また、ECU10による演算結果は、ナビゲーション装置23の画面に適宜、表示される。さらに、ECU10には、車両EVの使用履歴DB(データベース)24が接続されている。使用履歴DB24は、ドライバーによる車両EVの使用の履歴を学習し、記憶したものである。 A calendar 22 and a navigation device 23 are connected to the ECU 10. The calendar 22 measures the current date, day of the week, and time. Further, the ECU 10 acquires the current position information of the vehicle EV, the map information, the traffic jam information, and the like by the GPS function from the navigation device 23. Further, the calculation result by the ECU 10 is appropriately displayed on the screen of the navigation device 23. Further, a vehicle EV usage history DB (database) 24 is connected to the ECU 10. The usage history DB 24 learns and stores the history of the use of the vehicle EV by the driver.

さらに、ECU10には、気温情報DB(データベース)25が、インターネットなどの通信ネットワーク30を介して接続されている。気温情報DB25には、所定の広域内の多数の観測点に関する位置情報と気温情報が蓄積されている。この気温情報は、各観測点における現在の気温と現在から所定時間後の時刻までに予想される所定の時間間隔ごとの多数の予想気温を含み、随時、更新される。 Further, the temperature information DB (database) 25 is connected to the ECU 10 via a communication network 30 such as the Internet. The temperature information DB 25 stores position information and temperature information regarding a large number of observation points within a predetermined wide area. This temperature information includes the current temperature at each observation point and a large number of expected temperatures at predetermined time intervals expected from the present to the time after a predetermined time, and is updated from time to time.

ECU10は、I/Oインターフェース、CPU、RAM及びROM(いずれも図示せず)などから成るマイクロコンピュータで構成されている。ECU10は、上述したカレンダー22、ナビゲーション装置23、使用履歴DB24及び気温情報DB25からの各種の情報などに応じて、車両EVのバッテリ3への充電を制御する充電制御処理を実行する。本実施形態では、ECU10が、放置時間推定手段、外気温予想値取得手段、充電制御手段、目的地推定手段、上限値設定手段、消費充電率算出手段、及び実充電率取得手段に相当する。 The ECU 10 is composed of a microcomputer including an I / O interface, a CPU, a RAM, a ROM (none of which is shown), and the like. The ECU 10 executes a charge control process for controlling charging of the vehicle EV battery 3 according to various information from the calendar 22, the navigation device 23, the usage history DB 24, the temperature information DB 25, and the like described above. In the present embodiment, the ECU 10 corresponds to a neglected time estimation means, an outside air temperature forecast value acquisition means, a charge control means, a destination estimation means, an upper limit value setting means, a consumption charge rate calculation means, and an actual charge rate acquisition means.

図2は、この充電制御処理を示すフローチャートである。本処理は、充電スタンドCSにおいて外部充電を行う際の充電量を、バッテリ3の劣化を抑制するように制御するものである。本処理では、まずステップ1(「S1」と図示。以下同じ)において、車両EVが充電スタンドCSに接続されたか否かを判別する。その答えがNOのときには、そのまま本処理を終了する。 FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing this charge control process. This process controls the amount of charge when externally charging the charging stand CS so as to suppress deterioration of the battery 3. In this process, first, in step 1 (shown as “S1”; the same applies hereinafter), it is determined whether or not the vehicle EV is connected to the charging stand CS. If the answer is NO, this process ends as it is.

ステップ1の答えがYESで、外部充電のために車両EVが充電スタンドCSに接続されたときには、接続時パラメータを取得する(ステップ2)。この接続時パラメータは、充電スタンドCSへの接続時の状況を表すものであり、カレンダー22から読み出される接続の日時及び曜日や、ナビゲーション装置23から読み出される車両EVの現在位置などを含む。 When the answer in step 1 is YES and the vehicle EV is connected to the charging stand CS for external charging, the connection parameter is acquired (step 2). This connection parameter represents the status at the time of connection to the charging stand CS, and includes the date and time and day of the week of the connection read from the calendar 22, the current position of the vehicle EV read from the navigation device 23, and the like.

次に、取得されたこれらの接続時パラメータと、使用履歴DB24に記憶された履歴データに応じ、これらを照らし合わせることなどによって、外部充電の完了後における車両EVの走行スケジュールを推定する(ステップ3)。外部充電が自宅で行われる場合、この走行スケジュールには、例えば、ユーザーが外部充電の完了後に向かう目的地(例えば勤務地)、自宅からの出発時刻、目的地への到着時刻、目的地での駐車時間、目的地からの出発時刻や、自宅への到着時刻などが含まれる。 Next, the travel schedule of the vehicle EV after the completion of external charging is estimated by comparing these acquired connection-time parameters with the history data stored in the usage history DB 24 (step 3). ). If the external charge is done at home, this travel schedule may include, for example, the destination (eg, work location) that the user heads to after the completion of the external charge, the departure time from home, the arrival time at the destination, and the destination. Includes parking time, departure time from destination, arrival time at home, etc.

前述したように、車両EVのユーザーの多くは、例えば平日の朝晩は通勤に、休日の昼間はレジャーにというように、車両EVを曜日や時間に応じた規則性をもって運転しており、無計画に運転を行うことは少ない。このため、ユーザーの過去における使用履歴を学習し、履歴データとして記憶するとともに、上記のように、外部充電のための接続時に得られた接続時パラメータを照合することによって、外部充電の完了後における走行スケジュールを、比較的精度良く推定することが可能である。 As mentioned above, many users of vehicle EV drive the vehicle EV with regularity according to the day of the week and time, for example, for commuting on weekday mornings and evenings and for leisure during the daytime on holidays, and there is no plan. It is rare to drive. Therefore, by learning the user's past usage history, storing it as history data, and collating the connection time parameters obtained at the time of connection for external charging as described above, after the completion of external charging. It is possible to estimate the travel schedule with relatively high accuracy.

上記ステップ3に続くステップ4では、推定した走行スケジュールに基づき、第1放置時間TM_S1を算出する。この第1放置時間TM_S1は、外部充電の開始時から目的地に向かって出発するまでの車両EVの停車時間に相当する。 In step 4 following step 3, the first leaving time TM_S1 is calculated based on the estimated running schedule. This first leaving time TM_S1 corresponds to the stop time of the vehicle EV from the start of external charging to the departure toward the destination.

次のステップ5では、走行スケジュールに基づき、第2放置時間TM_S2を算出する。この第2放置時間TM_S2は、車両EVの目的地への到着時から自宅に向かって出発するまでの車両EVの停車時間に相当する。 In the next step 5, the second leaving time TM_S2 is calculated based on the traveling schedule. This second neglected time TM_S2 corresponds to the stop time of the vehicle EV from the time of arrival at the destination of the vehicle EV to the time of departure toward the home.

次に、ステップ4で算出された第1放置時間TM_S1とそのときの車両EVの位置 (自宅)に応じ、気温情報DB25を検索することによって、第1放置時間TM_S1中の所定の時間間隔ごとの多数の外気温予想値T_hatを読み出すとともに、それらのうちの最高値を、第1放置時間TM_S1中の最高温度である第1最高外気温TH_hat1として算出する(ステップ6)。 Next, by searching the temperature information DB 25 according to the first leaving time TM_S1 calculated in step 4 and the position (home) of the vehicle EV at that time, every predetermined time interval in the first leaving time TM_S1. A large number of expected outside air temperature values T_hat are read out, and the highest value among them is calculated as the first maximum outside air temperature TH_hat1, which is the highest temperature in the first leaving time TM_S1 (step 6).

同様に、ステップ5で算出された第2放置時間TM_S2とそのときの車両EVの位置(目的地)に応じ、気温情報DB25を検索することによって、第2放置時間TM_S2中の所定の時間間隔ごとの多数の外気温予想値T_hatを読み出すとともに、それらのうちの最高値を、第2放置時間TM_S2中の最高温度である第2最高外気温TH_hat2として算出する(ステップ7)。 Similarly, by searching the temperature information DB 25 according to the second leaving time TM_S2 calculated in step 5 and the position (destination) of the vehicle EV at that time, every predetermined time interval in the second leaving time TM_S2. A large number of expected outside air temperature values T_hat are read out, and the highest value among them is calculated as the second maximum outside air temperature TH_hat2, which is the highest temperature in the second leaving time TM_S2 (step 7).

次に、第1最高外気温TH_hat1が第2最高外気温TH_hat2以上であるか否かを判別する(ステップ8)。この答えがYESで、TH_hat1≧TH_hat2のときには、より高い又は同等である第1最高外気温TH_hat1を用い、図3に示す上限値マップを検索することによって、充電率上限値SOCLMTを算出する(ステップ9)。 Next, it is determined whether or not the first maximum outside air temperature TH_hat1 is equal to or higher than the second maximum outside air temperature TH_hat2 (step 8). When this answer is YES and TH_hat1 ≧ TH_hat2, the charge rate upper limit value SOCLMT is calculated by searching the upper limit value map shown in FIG. 3 using the first maximum outside air temperature TH_hat1 which is higher or equivalent (step). 9).

この上限値マップは、外気温T_hatの下で車両EVが放置された場合において、バッテリ3の劣化を抑制することが可能な充電率SOCの上限値を、実験などによってあらかじめ求め、充電率上限値SOCLMTとして表したものである。前述したように、バッテリ3は、その温度が高いほど、また充電率SOCが高いほど、劣化が進行しやすいという特性を有する。このため、上限値マップでは、充電率上限値SOCLMTは、外気温T_hatが高いほど、より小さな値に設定されている。また、充電率上限値SOCLMTは、外気温T_hatが30℃以上のときには、所定の一定値(例えば70%)に設定されている。 In this upper limit map, the upper limit of the charge rate SOC that can suppress the deterioration of the battery 3 when the vehicle EV is left under the outside air temperature T_hat is obtained in advance by an experiment or the like, and the upper limit value of the charge rate is obtained. It is expressed as SOCLMT. As described above, the battery 3 has a characteristic that the higher the temperature and the higher the charge rate SOC, the more easily the deterioration progresses. Therefore, in the upper limit map, the charge rate upper limit value SOCLMT is set to a smaller value as the outside air temperature T_hat is higher. Further, the charge rate upper limit value SOCLMT is set to a predetermined constant value (for example, 70%) when the outside air temperature T_hat is 30 ° C. or higher.

次に、ステップ9で算出した上限値SOCLMTを、外部充電の際の目標充電率SOCCMDとして設定し(ステップ10)、後述するステップ14に進む。 Next, the upper limit value SOCLMT calculated in step 9 is set as the target charge rate SOCCMD at the time of external charging (step 10), and the process proceeds to step 14 described later.

一方、前記ステップ8の答えがNOで、TH_hat1<TH_hat2のときには、より高い第2最高外気温TH_hat2を用い、図3のテーブルを検索することによって、充電率上限値SOCLMTを算出する(ステップ11)。 On the other hand, when the answer in step 8 is NO and TH_hat1 <TH_hat2, the charge rate upper limit value SOCLMT is calculated by searching the table of FIG. 3 using the higher second maximum outside air temperature TH_hat2 (step 11). ..

次に、車両EVが現在地から目的地まで走行するのに消費される消費充電率ΔSOCを算出する(ステップ12)。この消費充電率ΔSOCは、例えば、現在地から目的地までの走行距離に応じた走行用の電気量と、エアコンなどの補機用の電気量との和を、充電率相当値として算出したものである。 Next, the consumption charge rate ΔSOC consumed for the vehicle EV to travel from the current location to the destination is calculated (step 12). This consumption charge rate ΔSOC is calculated by calculating, for example, the sum of the amount of electricity for traveling according to the mileage from the current location to the destination and the amount of electricity for auxiliary equipment such as an air conditioner as a value equivalent to the charge rate. be.

そして、上記のように算出された充電率上限値SOCLMTと消費充電率ΔSOCとの和を、外部充電の際の目標充電率SOCCMDとして設定し(ステップ13)、ステップ14に進む。 Then, the sum of the charge rate upper limit value SOCLMT calculated as described above and the consumption charge rate ΔSOC is set as the target charge rate SOCCMD at the time of external charging (step 13), and the process proceeds to step 14.

このステップ14では、バッテリ3の実充電率SOCAが、ステップ10又は13で設定された目標充電率SOCCMDよりも小さいか否かを判別する。この答えがYESのときには、充電動作を実行し(ステップ15)、本処理を終了する。これにより、バッテリ3の実充電率SOCAが目標充電率SOCCMDになるように、バッテリ3が充電される。 In this step 14, it is determined whether or not the actual charge rate SOCA of the battery 3 is smaller than the target charge rate SOCCMD set in step 10 or 13. When this answer is YES, the charging operation is executed (step 15), and this process is terminated. As a result, the battery 3 is charged so that the actual charge rate SOCA of the battery 3 becomes the target charge rate SOCCMD.

一方、前記ステップ14の答えがNOのときには、実充電率SOCAが目標充電率SOCCMD以上であるため、充電動作を保留する(実行しない)ものとし(ステップ16)、本処理を終了する。これにより、不必要な外部充電とそれに起因するバッテリ3の劣化を回避することができる。 On the other hand, when the answer in step 14 is NO, the actual charge rate SOCA is equal to or higher than the target charge rate SOCCMD, so that the charging operation is suspended (not executed) (step 16), and this process is terminated. This makes it possible to avoid unnecessary external charging and deterioration of the battery 3 due to the unnecessary external charging.

図4及び図5は、図2の充電制御処理によって得られる2つの動作例をそれぞれ示したものである。両者ともに、車両EVが自宅の充電スタンドCSに19時に接続され、外部充電が開始される例である。このように車両EVが充電スタンドCSに接続されると、図2のステップ1の答えがYESになり、図2の充電制御処理が実質的に開始される。 4 and 5 show two operation examples obtained by the charge control process of FIG. 2, respectively. In both cases, the vehicle EV is connected to the charging stand CS at home at 19:00, and external charging is started. When the vehicle EV is connected to the charging stand CS in this way, the answer in step 1 of FIG. 2 becomes YES, and the charging control process of FIG. 2 is substantially started.

ステップ2及び3の実行により、両例ともに、自宅での19時の外部充電開始に対し、翌日8時:自宅出発→同9時:勤務先到着→同18時:勤務先出発→同19時:自宅到着という同じ走行スケジュールが推定されている。また、この走行スケジュールに基づき、両例ともに、第1放置時間TM_S1(外部充電開始時(19時)~自宅出発時(翌日8時))及び第2放置時間TM_S2(勤務先到着時(翌日9時)~勤務先出発時(同18時))が算出(推定)されている(ステップ4、5)。 By executing steps 2 and 3, in both cases, the external charging started at 19:00 at home, the next day at 8:00: Departure from home → 9:00: Arrival at work → 18:00: Departure from work → 19:00 : The same driving schedule of arriving at home is estimated. In addition, based on this travel schedule, in both cases, the first neglected time TM_S1 (at the start of external charging (19:00) to the time of departure from home (8:00 the next day)) and the second unattended time TM_S2 (when arriving at the office (9 the next day)). Hour) to departure from work (18:00)) is calculated (estimated) (steps 4 and 5).

図4の例では、上記の第1及び第2放置時間TM_S1、TM_S2に対して検索された外気温予想値T_hatは、時間が経過するにつれて低下している。その結果、第1放置時開TM_S1では、その始期(外部充電開始時)に第1最高外気温TH_hat1 (=25℃)が現れ、第2放置時間TM_S2では、その始期(勤務先到着時)に第2最高外気温TH_hat2(=23℃)が現れるとともに、TH_hat1>TH_hat2が成立している。 In the example of FIG. 4, the expected outside air temperature value T_hat searched for the above-mentioned first and second leaving times TM_S1 and TM_S2 decreases with the passage of time. As a result, the first maximum outside air temperature TH_hat1 (= 25 ° C.) appears at the beginning (at the start of external charging) of the first unattended TM_S1, and at the beginning (at the time of arrival at the office) at the second unattended time TM_S2. The second maximum outside air temperature TH_hat2 (= 23 ° C.) appears, and TH_hat1> TH_hat2 is established.

これにより、図4の例では、図2のステップ8の答えがYESになることで、第1最高外気温TH_hat1に応じ、図3の上限値マップによって、充電率上限値SOCLMTが85%に設定され(ステップ9)、この充電率上限値SOCLMTを目標充電率SOCCMDとして、外部充電が行われる(ステップ10、15)。 As a result, in the example of FIG. 4, when the answer of step 8 of FIG. 2 becomes YES, the charge rate upper limit value SOCLMT is set to 85% according to the first maximum outside air temperature TH_hat1 according to the upper limit value map of FIG. (Step 9), external charging is performed with this charge rate upper limit value SOCLMT as the target charge rate SOCCMD (steps 10 and 15).

以上の結果、バッテリ3の充電率SOCは、外気温が最高温度(=25℃)であると予想される外部充電開始時には85%未満であり、最高温度よりも低い外部充電完了時に85%まで上昇し、その後、自宅を出発するまでの第1放置時間TM_S1の間、その値に維持される。また、充電率SOCは、自宅から勤務先への走行に伴い、消費充電率ΔSOCの分(例えば10%)だけ減少することで、約75%になり、その後、勤務先を出発するまでの第2放置時間TM_S2の間、その値に維持される。 As a result of the above, the charge rate SOC of the battery 3 is less than 85% at the start of external charging where the outside air temperature is expected to be the maximum temperature (= 25 ° C.), and up to 85% at the completion of external charging lower than the maximum temperature. It rises and is then maintained at that value for the first standing time TM_S1 before leaving home. In addition, the charge rate SOC decreases by the amount of the consumption charge rate ΔSOC (for example, 10%) as the vehicle travels from home to work, and becomes about 75%. 2 The value is maintained during the standing time TM_S2.

以上のように、図4の例では、バッテリ3の最高温度が現れると予想される外部充電開始時を含む第1放置時間TM_S1の間、充電率SOCは、その最高温度で車両EVが放置された場合においても、バッテリ3の劣化を抑制することが可能な充電率上限値SOCLMT(85%)以下に制限される。したがって、放置時間中の高外気温及び高充電率に起因するバッテリ3の劣化を適切に抑制でき、バッテリ3の寿命を延長することができる。 As described above, in the example of FIG. 4, the vehicle EV is left at the maximum temperature of the charge rate SOC during the first leaving time TM_S1 including the start of external charging where the maximum temperature of the battery 3 is expected to appear. Even in such a case, the charge rate is limited to the upper limit value of SOCLMT (85%) or less, which can suppress the deterioration of the battery 3. Therefore, the deterioration of the battery 3 due to the high outside air temperature and the high charge rate during the leaving time can be appropriately suppressed, and the life of the battery 3 can be extended.

一方、図5の例では、第1及び第2放置時間TM_S1、TM_S2に対して検索された外気温予想値T_hatは、図示のように変化している。その結果、第1放置時間TM_S1では、その終期(自宅出発時)に第1最高外気温TH_hat1(=29℃)が現れ、第2放置時間TM_S2では、その途中において第2最高外気温TH_hat2(=33℃)が現れるとともに、TH_hat1<TH_hat2の関係が成立している。 On the other hand, in the example of FIG. 5, the expected outside air temperature T_hat searched for the first and second leaving times TM_S1 and TM_S2 changes as shown in the figure. As a result, in the first leaving time TM_S1, the first maximum outside air temperature TH_hat1 (= 29 ° C.) appears at the end of the period (at the time of departure from home), and in the second leaving time TM_S2, the second maximum outside air temperature TH_hat2 (=) 33 ° C.) appears, and the relationship TH_hat1 <TH_hat2 is established.

これにより、図5の例では、図2のステップ8の答えがNOになることで、第2最高外気温TH_hat2に応じ、図3の上限値マップによって、充電率上限値SOCLMTが70%に設定される(ステップ11)。そして、この充電率上限値SOCLMTに消費充電率ΔSOC(例えば10%)を加算した値(=80%)が目標充電率SOCCMDとして設定され、この目標充電率SOCCMDを目標として外部充電が行われる(ステップ13、15)。 As a result, in the example of FIG. 5, the answer of step 8 of FIG. 2 becomes NO, and the charge rate upper limit value SOCLMT is set to 70% according to the second maximum outside air temperature TH_hat2 according to the upper limit value map of FIG. Is done (step 11). Then, a value (= 80%) obtained by adding the consumption charge rate ΔSOC (for example, 10%) to the charge rate upper limit value SOCLMT is set as the target charge rate SOCCMD, and external charging is performed with the target charge rate SOCCMD as the target (). Steps 13 and 15).

その後、バッテリ3の充電率SOCは、第1放置時間TM_S1の間、その値(80%)に維持される。また、この第1放置時間TM_S1の終期には、外気温予想値T_hatが第1放置時間TM_S1中の最高温度である29℃まで上昇すると予想されるものの、このときの充電率SOCは80%であり、図3の上限値マップにおけるT_hat=29℃に相当する充電率上限値(=81%)よりも低いので、バッテリ3の劣化には影響を及ぼさない。 After that, the charge rate SOC of the battery 3 is maintained at that value (80%) during the first leaving time TM_S1. Further, at the end of the first leaving time TM_S1, the expected outside air temperature T_hat is expected to rise to 29 ° C., which is the maximum temperature in the first leaving time TM_S1, but the charging rate SOC at this time is 80%. Since it is lower than the charge rate upper limit value (= 81%) corresponding to T_hat = 29 ° C. in the upper limit value map of FIG. 3, it does not affect the deterioration of the battery 3.

また、充電率SOCは、自宅から勤務先への走行に伴い、消費充電率ΔSOCの分(例えば10%)だけ減少することで、約70%になり、その後、勤務先を出発するまでの第2放置時開TM_S2の間、その値に維持される。したがって、第2放置時間TM_S2の中間時に外気温が最高温度(=33℃)まで上昇したとしても、充電率SOCは、その外気温においてバッテリ3の劣化を抑制することが可能な充電率上限値SOCLMT(70%)以下に制限される。したがって、この図5の例においても、放置時間中の高外気温及び高充電率に起因するバッテリ3の劣化を適切に抑制でき、バッテリ3の寿命を延長することができる。 In addition, the charge rate SOC decreases by the amount of the consumption charge rate ΔSOC (for example, 10%) as the vehicle travels from home to work, and becomes about 70%. 2 The value is maintained during the opening TM_S2 when left unattended. Therefore, even if the outside air temperature rises to the maximum temperature (= 33 ° C.) in the middle of the second leaving time TM_S2, the charge rate SOC is the upper limit value of the charge rate capable of suppressing the deterioration of the battery 3 at the outside air temperature. Limited to SOCLMT (70%) or less. Therefore, also in the example of FIG. 5, deterioration of the battery 3 due to the high outside air temperature and the high charge rate during the leaving time can be appropriately suppressed, and the life of the battery 3 can be extended.

なお、本発明は、説明した実施形態に限定されることなく、種々の態様で実施することができる。例えば、実施形態(図2の処理)では、車両EVが充電スタンドCSに接続された日時や車両EVの位置を含む接続時パラメータと履歴データなどに応じて、車両EVの目的地を推定している。本発明は、これに限らず、例えば車両EVのユーザーがナビゲーション装置23により目的地を入力している場合には、これを優先し、入力された目的地に基づいて、充電制御処理を行うのがよい。 The present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, and can be carried out in various embodiments. For example, in the embodiment (process of FIG. 2), the destination of the vehicle EV is estimated according to the connection time parameter including the date and time when the vehicle EV is connected to the charging stand CS and the position of the vehicle EV and the history data. There is. The present invention is not limited to this. For example, when a user of a vehicle EV inputs a destination by the navigation device 23, the present invention gives priority to this and performs charge control processing based on the input destination. Is good.

また、車両EVが複数のユーザーによって共用される場合には、使用履歴DB24への履歴データの記憶をユーザーごとに行うとともに、充電スタンドCSへの車両EVの接続時に、今回のユーザーを特定させるようにし、これらのデータに基づき、目的地及び放置時間の推定をユーザーごとに行ってもよい。 Further, when the vehicle EV is shared by a plurality of users, the history data is stored in the usage history DB 24 for each user, and the user is specified when the vehicle EV is connected to the charging stand CS. Then, based on these data, the destination and the leaving time may be estimated for each user.

さらに、実施形態で示した充電率上限値SOCLMTや外気温予想値T_hatなどの数値は、あくまで例示であり、適当な他の値を用いてもよいことはもちろんである。また、実施形態では、電動車両は電気自動車であるが、これに限らず、本発明は、外部充電機能を有する他の電動車両、例えば動力源としてモータとエンジンを併用するプラグインハイブリッド自動車などに適用することが可能である。その他、本発明の趣旨の範囲内で、細部の構成を適宜、変更することが可能である。 Further, the numerical values such as the charge rate upper limit value SOCLMT and the outside air temperature expected value T_hat shown in the embodiment are merely examples, and it goes without saying that other appropriate values may be used. Further, in the embodiment, the electric vehicle is an electric vehicle, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention is used for other electric vehicles having an external charging function, for example, a plug-in hybrid vehicle in which a motor and an engine are used in combination as a power source. It is possible to apply. In addition, it is possible to appropriately change the detailed configuration within the scope of the gist of the present invention.

3 バッテリ
10 ECU(放置時間推定手段、外気温予想値取得手段、充電制御手段、
目的地推定手段、上限値設定手段、消費充電率算出手段、
実充電率取得手段)
21 電流電圧温度計(実充電率取得手段)
24 使用履歴DB(データベース)(履歴データ記憶手段)
25 気温情報DB(データベース)(外気温予想値取得手段)
EV 電気自動車(電動車両)
CS 充電スタンド(外部電源)
TM_S1 第1放置時間(放置時間)
TM_S2 第2放置時間(放置時間)
T_hat 外気温予想値
SOCLMT 充電率上限値
TH_hat1 第1最高外気温
TH_hat2 第2最高外気温
ΔSOC 消費充電率
SOCCMD 目標充電率
SOCA 実充電率
3 Battery 10 ECU (leaving time estimation means, outside air temperature forecast value acquisition means, charge control means,
Destination estimation means, upper limit setting means, consumption charge rate calculation means,
Actual charge rate acquisition method)
21 Current / voltage thermometer (actual charge rate acquisition means)
24 Usage history DB (database) (history data storage means)
25 Temperature information DB (database) (means for acquiring expected outside temperature)
EV electric vehicle (electric vehicle)
CS charging stand (external power supply)
TM_S1 First leaving time (leaving time)
TM_S2 Second leaving time (leaving time)
T_hat outside air temperature expected value SOCLMT charge rate upper limit TH_hat1 1st maximum outside temperature TH_hat2 2nd maximum outside temperature ΔSOC consumption charge rate SOCCMD target charge rate SOCA actual charge rate

Claims (4)

電動車両のバッテリを外部電源によって充電する外部充電を制御する充電制御装置であって、
前記外部充電の実行に先立ち、前記外部充電が開始されてから前記電動車両が目的地に向かって出発するまでの前記電動車両の放置時間を推定する放置時間推定手段と、
当該推定された放置時間における外気温の予想値である外気温予想値を取得する外気温予想値取得手段と、
当該取得された外気温予想値に基づき、前記放置時間中に前記バッテリの充電率が当該バッテリの劣化を抑制可能な所定の充電率上限値を超えないように、前記外部充電を制御する充電制御手段と、を備え
前記放置時間推定手段は、前記放置時間として、前記外部充電の開始時から前記電動車両が前記目的地に向かって出発するまでの第1放置時間と、前記電動車両が前記目的地に到着してから当該目的地を出発するまでの第2放置時間を推定し、
前記外気温予想値取得手段は、前記第1放置時間に対して取得された前記外気温予想値のうちの最高温度である第1最高外気温と、前記第2放置時間に対して取得された前記外気温予想値のうちの最高温度である第2最高外気温と、を取得し、
当該取得された第1及び第2最高外気温のうちのより高い方に応じて、前記充電率上限値を設定する上限値設定手段をさらに備えることを特徴とする充電制御装置。
A charge control device that controls external charging to charge the battery of an electric vehicle with an external power source.
Prior to the execution of the external charging, the leaving time estimating means for estimating the leaving time of the electric vehicle from the start of the external charging to the departure of the electric vehicle toward the destination,
An outside air temperature forecast value acquisition means for acquiring an outside air temperature forecast value, which is an outside air temperature forecast value in the estimated leaving time, and
Charge control that controls the external charge so that the charge rate of the battery does not exceed a predetermined charge rate upper limit value capable of suppressing deterioration of the battery during the leaving time based on the acquired outside air temperature forecast value. With means ,
The leaving time estimation means has, as the leaving time, a first leaving time from the start of the external charging until the electric vehicle departs toward the destination, and the leaving time when the electric vehicle arrives at the destination. Estimate the second leaving time from to the departure from the destination,
The outside air temperature forecast value acquisition means was acquired for the first maximum outside temperature, which is the highest temperature among the outside temperature forecast values acquired for the first leaving time, and for the second leaving time. The second maximum outside temperature, which is the highest temperature among the predicted outside temperature values, is obtained, and
A charge control device further comprising an upper limit value setting means for setting the upper limit value of the charge rate according to the higher of the acquired first and second maximum outside air temperatures .
ユーザーによる前記電動車両の使用履歴を表す履歴データを記憶する履歴データ記憶手段をさらに備え、
現在の日時、前記電動車両の現在位置及び前記履歴データに応じて、前記目的地を推定する目的地推定手段をさらに備えることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の充電制御装置。
Further provided with a history data storage means for storing history data representing the usage history of the electric vehicle by the user.
The charge control device according to claim 1, further comprising a destination estimation means for estimating the destination according to the current date and time, the current position of the electric vehicle, and the historical data.
前記電動車両が前記外部充電の後に前記目的地まで走行するのに消費される消費充電率を算出する消費充電率算出手段をさらに備え、
前記充電制御手段は、前記第2最高外気温が前記第1最高外気温よりも高いときに、前記外部充電の際の目標となる目標充電率を、前記充電率上限値と前記算出された消費充電率との和に設定することを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の充電制御装置。
Further provided with a consumption charge rate calculation means for calculating the consumption charge rate consumed for the electric vehicle to travel to the destination after the external charge.
When the second maximum outside air temperature is higher than the first maximum outside air temperature, the charge control means sets a target charge rate as a target for external charging with the charge rate upper limit value and the calculated consumption. The charge control device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the charge is set to the sum of the charge rate .
前記バッテリの実際の充電率である実充電率を取得する実充電率取得手段をさらに備え、
前記充電制御手段は、前記取得された実充電率が前記目標充電率以上のときには、前記外部充電を保留することを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の充電制御装置。
Further provided with an actual charge rate acquisition means for acquiring an actual charge rate, which is the actual charge rate of the battery,
The charge control device according to claim 3 , wherein the charge control means suspends the external charge when the acquired actual charge rate is equal to or higher than the target charge rate .
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