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JP7062009B2 - 溶接部の幅を制御するためにマスクを使用するレーザ溶接のシステムおよび方法 - Google Patents
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JP7062009B2 - 溶接部の幅を制御するためにマスクを使用するレーザ溶接のシステムおよび方法 - Google Patents

溶接部の幅を制御するためにマスクを使用するレーザ溶接のシステムおよび方法 Download PDF

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JP7062009B2
JP7062009B2 JP2019536472A JP2019536472A JP7062009B2 JP 7062009 B2 JP7062009 B2 JP 7062009B2 JP 2019536472 A JP2019536472 A JP 2019536472A JP 2019536472 A JP2019536472 A JP 2019536472A JP 7062009 B2 JP7062009 B2 JP 7062009B2
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laser beam
workpieces
laser welding
workpiece
laser
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JP2019529193A (ja
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アレクサンダー サヴィツキ
グジェゴシ スジスワフ ブガイ
レオ クリンステイン
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デューケイン アイエーエス エルエルシー
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16Laser beams
    • B29C65/1603Laser beams characterised by the type of electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C65/1612Infrared [IR] radiation, e.g. by infrared lasers
    • B29C65/1616Near infrared radiation [NIR], e.g. by YAG lasers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1654Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/1658Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined scanning once, e.g. contour laser welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16Laser beams
    • B29C65/1696Laser beams making use of masks
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/24Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
    • B29C66/244Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being non-straight, e.g. forming non-closed contours
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/349Cooling the welding zone on the welding spot
    • B29C66/3494Cooling the welding zone on the welding spot while keeping the welding zone under pressure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/733General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence
    • B29C66/7336General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence at least one of the parts to be joined being opaque, transparent or translucent to visible light
    • B29C66/73365General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence at least one of the parts to be joined being opaque, transparent or translucent to visible light at least one of the parts to be joined being transparent or translucent to visible light
    • B29C66/73366General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence at least one of the parts to be joined being opaque, transparent or translucent to visible light at least one of the parts to be joined being transparent or translucent to visible light both parts to be joined being transparent or translucent to visible light
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/812General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8122General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/812General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/306Applying a mark during joining
    • B29C66/3062Applying a mark during joining in the form of letters or numbers
    • B29C66/30621Applying a mark during joining in the form of letters or numbers in the form of letters
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/733General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence
    • B29C66/7332General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence at least one of the parts to be joined being coloured
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/733General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence
    • B29C66/7336General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence at least one of the parts to be joined being opaque, transparent or translucent to visible light
    • B29C66/73365General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence at least one of the parts to be joined being opaque, transparent or translucent to visible light at least one of the parts to be joined being transparent or translucent to visible light
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29K2101/00Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
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    • B29K2995/0026Transparent
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Description

本発明は一般に、熱可塑性材料のレーザ溶接に関する。
本出願は、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる、2016年9月15日に出願した米国特許出願第15/266,182号の優先権を主張するものである。
透明な熱可塑性シートを溶接して包装にする様々な方法が知られている。包装は、典型的には、RF溶接法を使用することにより透明なプラスチックシートで作られるが(例えば、ブリスター包装)、そのような透明なプラスチックシートは、交流電場を熱に変換する能力を提供する比較的高い誘電損失などの不可欠な電気的性質を有する、少数の熱可塑性材料(実際には、ほとんどがPVCを基礎にする)に限定される。プロセスは、ポリオレフィンからPC、ポリスチレン、ポリカーボネートまで、最も一般的なプラスチックには適用できないかまたは適用性が非常に限られており、それにより、ブリスター包装に利用可能な材料の選択が極めて限定される。その環境危険性(environmental hazard)を理由に-PVCのためのリサイクルプロセスは、材料の固有の塩素含量、ならびに材料の安定性および利用特性の多様性を高めるために使用される化学添加物の範囲に起因して程度の差はあっても危険である-PVCの使用を制限する現在の組織的運動に伴って、ブリスター包装の製造のために様々な熱可塑性物質を利用することができれば、環境保全上の著しい利点をもたらす。
RF溶接の別の問題は、シームが電極の形状および大きさによって制限される-各包装の形状が特定の形状および大きさの電極を必要とする-ので、プロセスの柔軟性がないことである。また、実際には、RFは材料の溶融を達成するための非常に大きい所要電力によって知られているので、包装の大きさは、必要とされる電力容量によって制限される。例えば、10cm×15cmの医療用袋の周辺シールの場合、所要電力は、1.7から2.9KWに及ぶ(Plastics and Composites Welding Handbook、Hanser Gardner Publications,Inc.、2003.p.262)。
プラスチックのレーザ溶接は、プラスチック部品を接合するためにますます使用されている、強固で柔軟性がありかつ正確なプロセスとしてその地位を確立してきた。プラスチックのレーザ溶接は、複雑で変化に富んだ幾何形状を持つ部品の小規模生産から、それが自動化ラインに容易に組み込まれ得る大量工業生産まで、非常に効率的かつ柔軟な組立プロセスを可能にする。
レーザ溶接は、制御された量のエネルギーを正確な位置に送達することにより継合領域においてプラスチックを溶融させるために、レーザビームを使用する。これは、ビームの大きさを制御することの容易さと、ビームの正確な位置決めおよび移動に利用可能な方法の範囲とに基づく。
プロセスは、他の溶接技法と同じ材料適合性の基本的要件に基づくが、大抵の他のプラスチック溶接プロセスよりも樹脂化学または溶融温度の違いに寛容であることがたびたび判明している。適切なレーザ源および適切な継目設計(joint design)を使用することで、ほとんど全ての熱可塑性物質が溶接され得る。
米国特許出願公開第2006/134994号明細書 特開2004-063332号公報 独国特許出願公開第102014108894号明細書 欧州特許出願公開第2813347号明細書 米国特許出願公開第2003/196750号明細書
デイビッド・グレウェル(David Grewell)著、「プラスチックと合成素材の溶接ハンドブック(Plastics and Composites Welding Handbook)、(独国)、ハンサー ガードナー出版社(Hanser Gardner Publications,Inc.)、2003年、p.262
本発明の他の目的および利点は、添付の図面と併せて、例示的な実施形態に関して以下に詳細に説明することから、明らかになるであろう。
1つの実施形態によれば、レーザビームに対して部分的に透過性であるがレーザビームからの放射を吸収する熱可塑性材料の第1および第2の被加工物の部分同士を接合するためのレーザ溶接法が提供される。方法は、接合すべき前述の第1および第2の被加工物の部分を互いに固定するステップであって、第1および第2の被加工物が、レーザビームからの放射を吸収する材料で作られているステップと、第1の被加工物の第1の表面上にマスクを配置するステップであって、第1の表面が、第2の被加工物に係合する表面とは反対側であり、マスクが、レーザビームに対して不透過性であり、かつ、スロットによって露出される上側被加工物の第1の表面の部分へレーザビームを通すためのスロットを形成し、その結果、被加工物の材料の加熱および溶融がスロットの幅に限定されるステップと、被加工物が互いに固定されたままでいる間にスロットに光を当てて第1および第2の被加工物をスロットに沿って溶融させて接合させるように、スロット上にレーザビームを向けかつレーザビームを移動させるステップと、被加工物が互いに固定されたままでいる間に第1および第2の被加工物の溶融部分を冷却し、被加工物の接合された部分を凝固させて、溶接シームを形成するステップと、を含む。レーザビームは、約2ミクロンの波長を有する光ファイバレーザビームであることが好ましい。
本発明はまた、レーザビームに対して部分的に透過性であるがレーザビームからの放射を吸収する熱可塑性材料で作られた第1および第2の被加工物の部分同士を接合するためのレーザ溶接システムを検討する。システムは、被加工物が表面を接触させて互いに隣接しているときに第1および第2の被加工物の向かい合った側面に係合するように位置決めされた固定板の対と、固定板のうちの少なくとも一方をもう一方の固定板に向かって付勢して被加工物を互いに押し付け合わせるアクチュエータと、第1の被加工物の第2の被加工物とは反対側上のマスクであって、レーザビームに対して不透過性であり、かつ、スロットによって露出される第1の被加工物の部分へレーザビームを通すためのスロットを形成し、その結果、被加工物の材料の加熱および溶融がスロットの幅に限定されるマスクと、レーザビームをスロット内に向けるレーザビーム源と、被加工物が互いに固定されたままでいる間にスロットに沿って第1および第2の被加工物を溶融させて接合させるためにレーザビームを移動させる駆動ユニットと、含む。1つの実施形態では、マスクは、第1の被加工物から熱を吸収して、レーザビームにさらされていない第1の被加工物の部分を冷却する。レーザビームは、約2ミクロンの波長を有する光ファイバレーザビームであることが好ましい。
2つの熱可塑性被加工物を溶接するためのレーザ溶接機構の斜視図である。 図1の線2-2に沿った拡大断面図である。
本発明はいくつかの好ましい実施形態に関連して説明されるが、本発明はそれらの特定の実施形態に限定されるものではないことが、理解されるであろう。むしろ、本発明は、添付の特許請求の範囲によって定められる本発明の精神および範囲に含まれ得るような全ての代替、変形、および等価な構成をカバーするように意図されている。
ここで図面を参照すると、レーザ源10が、取付台13に取り付けられた走査ヘッド12までファイバケーブル11を通じて伝送されるレーザを生成する。取付台13は、直交するガントリ14および15に連結されている。走査ヘッド12内の1つ以上のスキャナミラーが、プロセッサ制御の駆動ユニット16によって制御されて、レーザビーム17を、溶接によって接合される2つの熱可塑性被加工物21および22を含む積層体18上へと下方に向ける。駆動ユニット16は、スキャナミラーの位置を調整して、積層体18の上面上の規定の溶接部に光を当てるのに必要とされるようにレーザビーム17を移動させるように制御される。
積層体18における最上層19は、透明なガラス板19であり、このガラス板19は、反射被覆されたフォトマスク20をその底面に有する。マスク20は、レーザ放射を少なくとも部分的に吸収する上側被加工物21にレーザビーム17が到達することを可能にする、スロット20aを形成する。マスク20は、被加工物21および22の露出領域を、スロット20aによって画定された所望の溶接部に限定し、したがって、上側被加工物21の溶融を、所望の溶接部に限定する。さらに、マスク20は、ヒートシンクとして機能して、溶接部外の領域において被加工物21の表面から放熱させる。一代替実施形態では、マスク20は、ガラス板19の底面ではなく上面上に存在する。マスクのための1つの適切な材料は、ガラス板19の表面上にめっきされたクロムである。
スキャナミラーの運動は、駆動ユニット16を制御するプロセッサによって制御される。大きな部品を溶接する場合、レーザビーム17の運動は、取付台13をガントリ14および15に沿って駆動することによって制御される。
例示されたシステムで使用される基本的な溶接技法は、透過型レーザ溶接(TTLW:through transmission laser welding)に優る大きな利点を提供するが、透過型レーザ溶接では、被加工物の接合面間の密接を実現するために、被加工物が予め組み立てられて互いに固定される。次いで、レーザビームは、上側の透明な被加工物を通じて被加工物の接合部分の接触面へ送達されて、赤外線エネルギーを熱に変換する下側の吸収する被加工物によって吸収される。下側被加工物において赤外線放射が吸収されることを可能にするために、カーボンブラックおよび特別に設計された吸収物が、下側被加工物の樹脂に混合されるか、または表面に塗布される。熱は、下側の吸収する被加工物から上側被加工物へ伝えられて、接触面において上側被加工物を溶融させ、接合部を形成する。組立体の正確な位置決めおよび固定が、部品間の熱伝達に必要とされる密接を確実にする。
TTLW溶接技法は、下側被加工物における吸収剤の存在に依存するので、「透明な物と透明な物」または「透明な物と色付きの物」の組立てが必要とされる医療デバイス、電子機器、一部の消費財の製造および包装の用途に対して、この組立プロセスの適用性を制限する。しかし、一般に「2ミクロンレーザ」と呼ばれる約2ミクロンの波長を有するレーザは、無充填ポリマーによる著しく向上された吸収を特徴として、いかなる吸収剤も有さずかつ可視波長範囲において透明であり得るプラスチック材料、すなわちポリカーボネートまたはアクリルなどの「光学的に透明な」部品の厚さを通した高度に制御された溶融を、レーザ感受性添加物を少しも必要とすることなく可能にする。
本発明では、両方の被加工物が、レーザビーム(好ましくは、ファイバレーザ)の一部分を吸収し、また、それら2つの被加工物の隣り合った接触面が、後の冷却において圧力下で互いに接着される。レーザビームは、上側被加工物上のレーザビームスポットの幅がマスク内のスロット幅によって限定されるように、マスクを通して基本的に直角に、接触面に向けられる。したがって、上側部品の溶融は、ビームが移動されるときのマスク内のスロットの幅によって制限される。被加工物は、後の冷却において圧力下で互いに接着される。
本発明の特定の実施形態および用途が例示されかつ説明されたが、本発明は本明細書において開示された正確な構造および組成に限定されるものではないこと、ならびに、添付の特許請求の範囲において定められた本発明の精神および範囲から逸脱することなく様々な変形、変更、および変化が上記の説明から明らかであり得ることが、理解されるべきである。

Claims (14)

  1. レーザビームに対して部分的に透過性である熱可塑性材料の第1の被加工物およびその下層の第2の被加工物の部分を互いに接合するためのレーザ溶接法であって、
    接合すべき前記第1および第2の被加工物の上に透明な固定板を積層させて前記第1および第2の被加工物の前記部分を互いに固定するステップであって、前記第1および第2の被加工物が、レーザビームからの放射を吸収する材料で作られているステップと、
    前記第1の被加工物の第1の表面より上にマスクを配置するステップであって、前記第1の表面が、前記第2の被加工物に係合する表面とは反対側であり、前記マスクが、レーザビームに対して不透過性であり、かつ、スロットによって露出される上側被加工物の前記第1の表面の部分へレーザビームを通すための前記スロットを形成し、その結果、前記被加工物の前記材料の加熱および溶融が前記スロットの幅に限定されるステップと、
    前記被加工物が互いに固定されたままでいる間に前記スロットに光を当てて前記第1および第2の被加工物を前記スロットに沿って溶融させて接合させるように、前記スロット上にレーザビームを向けかつ前記レーザビームを移動させるステップと、
    前記被加工物が互いに固定されたままでいる間に前記第1および第2の被加工物の溶融部分を冷却し、前記被加工物の接合された部分を凝固させて、溶接シームを形成するステップと、
    を含み、
    前記マスクが、前記固定板の上面上に設けられためっき層であることを特徴とするレーザ溶接法。
  2. 請求項1に記載のレーザ溶接法であって、前記第1および第2の被加工物の両方が、前記レーザビームにさらされる前記第1および第2の被加工物の部分を加熱しかつ溶融させるための前記レーザビームの一部分を吸収することを特徴とするレーザ溶接法。
  3. 請求項1に記載のレーザ溶接法であって、前記レーザビームが2ミクロンの波長を有することを特徴とするレーザ溶接法。
  4. 請求項1に記載のレーザ溶接法であって、前記レーザビームが、光ファイバビームであることを特徴とするレーザ溶接法。
  5. 請求項1に記載のレーザ溶接法であって、前記レーザビームが、前記マスクに対して実質的に垂直であることを特徴とするレーザ溶接法。
  6. 請求項1に記載のレーザ溶接法であって、前記固定板がガラス板であって、前記マスクが、前記ガラス上にめっきされたクロムであることを特徴とするレーザ溶接法。
  7. 請求項1に記載のレーザ溶接法であって、前記第1および第2の被加工物のそれぞれが、光学的に透明であり得る無充填ポリマーであり、前記レーザビームが、前記ポリマーによって部分的に吸収されることを特徴とするレーザ溶接法。
  8. レーザビームに対して部分的に透過性であるが前記レーザビームからの放射を吸収する熱可塑性材料で作られた第1の被加工物およびその下層の第2の被加工物の部分同士を接合するためのレーザ溶接システムであって、
    前記第1および第2の被加工物が表面を接触させて互いに隣接しているときに前記第1および第2の被加工物の上に積層される透明な固定板
    前記第1の被加工物の前記第2の被加工物とは反対側上のマスクであって、前記レーザビームに対して不透過性であり、かつ、スロットによって露出される前記第1の被加工物の部分へ前記レーザビームを通すための前記スロットを形成し、その結果、前記被加工物の前記材料の加熱および溶融が前記スロットの幅に限定されるマスクと、
    レーザビームを前記スロット内に向けるレーザビーム源と、
    前記被加工物が互いに固定されたままでいる間に前記スロットに光を当てて前記第1および第2の被加工物を溶融させて接合するように前記レーザビームを移動させる駆動ユニットと、
    を備え
    前記マスクが、前記固定板の上面上に設けられためっき層であることを特徴とするレーザ溶接システム。
  9. 請求項に記載のレーザ溶接システムであって、前記第1および第2の被加工物による前記レーザビームからの放射の吸収により、前記レーザビームにさらされた前記第1および第2の被加工物の部分が溶融することを特徴とするレーザ溶接システム。
  10. 請求項に記載のレーザ溶接システムであって、前記レーザビームが2ミクロンの波長を有することを特徴とするレーザ溶接システム。
  11. 請求項に記載のレーザ溶接システムであって、前記レーザビームが、光ファイバビームであることを特徴とするレーザ溶接システム。
  12. 請求項に記載のレーザ溶接システムであって、前記レーザビームが、前記マスクに対して実質的に垂直であることを特徴とするレーザ溶接システム。
  13. 請求項に記載のレーザ溶接システムであって、前記固定板がガラス板であって、前記マスクが、前記ガラス上にめっきされたクロムであることを特徴とするレーザ溶接システム。
  14. 請求項に記載のレーザ溶接システムであって、前記第1および第2の被加工物のそれぞれが、光学的に透明であり得る無充填ポリマーであり、前記レーザビームが、前記ポリマーによって部分的に吸収されることを特徴とするレーザ溶接システム。
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