JP7064906B2 - Fire detection system and fire extinguishing system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a fire detection system and a fire extinguishing system, and more particularly to a sensor for detecting a fire.

Conventionally, a fire extinguishing system is known in which a fire point is specified by using a thermal camera or a photoelectric separation type detector and water is discharged from a water cannon toward this fire point (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent No. 3994355

By the way, in a conventional fire extinguishing system, it is necessary to use at least two thermal cameras to identify a fire point. Thermal cameras are expensive and require maintenance once every few years, resulting in high initial costs and running costs (total costs).

Further, even if an attempt is made to identify the fire point using a thermal camera or a photoelectric separation type detector, there is a possibility that the fire point cannot be accurately identified if there is a shield.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, is inexpensive, can extend the maintenance interval as compared with the conventional one, and can accurately identify the fire point even if there is a shield. It is possible to provide a fire detection system and a fire extinguishing system that can efficiently detect a fire with a smaller number of detectors.

The first invention includes a receiver, a fire detection unit, and a transmission unit that transmits a predetermined signal to the receiver, and a predetermined interval is provided on a partition material that separates a room of a building from the outside world of the room. When it is assumed that at least a part of the partition material is flatly filled with a plurality of regular hexagons of the same size when viewed in a direction orthogonal to the partition material in a plurality of fire detectors installed at intervals. In addition, each of the fire detectors is installed at each center of each regular hexagon, and the partition material is formed by laying a plurality of floor panels on the floor surface of the room of the building. The floor panel is a free access floor, and the floor panel includes a flat plate-shaped upper plate portion and a leg portion protruding downward from the upper plate portion, and includes the floor surface and the upper plate portion of the floor panel. It is a fire detection system in which a space is formed between the spaces and the wiring of the electric wire of the fire detector is installed in the space .

The second invention is the fire detection system according to the first invention, in which the monitoring area of the fire detection unit of the fire detector overlaps with the monitoring area of the fire detection unit of the adjacent fire detector. Is. Further, according to the third invention, in the fire detection system according to the first invention or the second invention, the space between the fire detector that detected the fire among the fire detectors and the receiver is described above. A fire detection system in which at least one of the fire detectors is configured to receive and transmit the predetermined signal.

The fourth invention is described in the fire detection system according to any one of the first to third inventions , when the transmission unit detects a flame intensity higher than a predetermined threshold value by the transmission unit. A fire detection system configured to transmit a predetermined signal to a receiver.

A fifth aspect of the invention is the fire detection system according to any one of the first to fourth inventions , wherein the fire detection unit uses a heat collector and a thermoelectric generator that converts the heat energy of the heat collector into electrical energy. The transmission unit is configured to include an element, and the transmission unit is a fire detection system configured to transmit the predetermined signal to the receiver by the electric energy generated by the thermoelectric element.

The sixth invention is the fire detection system according to any one of the first to fourth inventions , wherein the fire detection unit is a flame detector that converts the radiant energy of the flame into electric energy according to the intensity of the flame. A fire detection system characterized by being configured with.

According to the seventh invention, in the fire detection system according to any one of the first to sixth inventions , each of the fire detectors is installed in the wiring outlet installation portion of the free access floor. It is a fire detection system configured in.

The eighth invention is a fire detection system according to any one of the first to seventh inventions , a fire extinguisher emitting unit that discharges a fire extinguisher toward a fire point, and a predetermined of the fire detectors. Control to control the fire extinguisher discharging unit so that the fire extinguisher discharging unit discharges the fire extinguishing agent toward the predetermined fire detector when the receiver receives a predetermined signal from the fire detector of the above. A fire extinguishing system characterized by having a part.

According to the present invention, it is inexpensive, the maintenance interval can be extended, the fire point can be accurately identified even if there is a shield, and the number of detectors is smaller, which is efficient. It has the effect of being able to detect a fire.

It is sectional drawing which shows the schematic structure of the fire detector which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the schematic structure of the fire detector which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the schematic structure of the fire detector which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the schematic structure of the fire extinguishing system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the operation of the fire extinguishing system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the outline of the arrangement of the fire detector of the fire extinguishing system which concerns on the modification. It is a top view which shows the schematic structure of the fire detector which concerns on the modification. It is a top view which shows the water discharge section of the water cannon of the fire extinguishing system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the schematic structure of the fire detector which concerns on the modification. It is sectional drawing which shows the schematic structure of the fire detector which concerns on the modification. It is sectional drawing which shows the schematic structure of the fire detector which concerns on the modification. It is sectional drawing which shows the schematic structure of the fire detector which concerns on the modification. It is sectional drawing which shows the schematic structure of the fire detector which concerns on the modification.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the fire detector 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a heat collecting material 3, a thermoelectric element 5, and a transmitting unit (wireless transmitting unit) 7.

The thermoelectric element 5 is integrally provided with the heat collecting material 3, and converts the heat energy of the heat collecting material 3 into electric energy. Here, the one provided with the heat collecting material 3 and the thermoelectric element 5 may be grasped as a fire detection unit (temperature detection unit).

The transmission unit 7 transmits a predetermined signal to the fire receiver 9 (see FIG. 4) by the electric energy generated by the thermoelectric element 5. As predetermined signals, for example, a signal indicating that a fire has occurred (a signal indicating that the temperature of the heat collecting material 3 has risen) and a signal indicating a unique ID of the fire detector (heat detector) 1 may be listed. can.

The heat collecting material (heat collecting plate) 3 is made of a nonflammable or flame-retardant material having high thermal conductivity such as metal or ceramics, and is formed in a flat plate shape (for example, a rectangular flat plate shape).

A plurality of thermoelectric elements 5 are provided, and each thermoelectric element 5 is connected in series by electrodes (high temperature side conductor 11 and low temperature side conductor 13).

Here, for convenience of explanation, one horizontal direction in the fire detector 1 is defined as the horizontal direction, and the other horizontal direction in the fire detector 1 and the direction orthogonal to the horizontal direction is defined as the vertical direction. , The direction orthogonal to the horizontal direction and the vertical direction is the vertical direction.

The plate-shaped heat collecting material 3 has a thickness direction in the vertical direction. Each thermoelectric element 5 is provided on one surface (lower surface) of the flat plate-shaped heat collecting material 3 in the thickness direction, and is spaced apart from each other in the vertical and horizontal directions of the flat plate-shaped heat collecting material 3. Lined up.

One thermoelectric element 5 includes, for example, one rectangular parallelepiped n-type semiconductor 15, one rectangular parallelepiped p-type semiconductor 17, and a rectangular flat plate-shaped high-temperature side conductor (high-temperature side electrode) 11. There is. One n-type semiconductor 15 and one p-type semiconductor 17 are slightly separated from each other and adjacent to each other. The upper surface of one n-type semiconductor 15 and the upper surface of one p-type semiconductor 17 are connected by a rectangular flat plate-shaped high-temperature side conductor 11. The high temperature side conductor 11 also has this thickness direction in the vertical direction.

Each thermoelectric element 5 is provided on the heat collecting material 3 with the end surface on which the high temperature side conductor 11 is installed is on the upper side and the end surface on the side opposite to the end surface on which the high temperature side conductor 11 is installed is on the lower side. Has been done. Insulation and nonflammability or flame retardancy of a thin flat plate-shaped insulator (for example, ceramics having high thermal conductivity) are provided between the high temperature side conductor 11 of each thermoelectric element 5 and the heat collector 3. An insulator) 19 made of the provided material is provided. The thin flat plate-shaped insulator 19 also has this thickness direction in the vertical direction.

Further, the upper surface of the thin flat plate-shaped insulator 19 is in surface contact with the lower surface of the heat collecting material 3, and the upper surface of the high-temperature side conductor 11 of each thermoelectric element 5 is surfaced with the lower surface of the thin flat plate-shaped insulator 19. Are in contact.

As shown in FIG. 1, in two thermoelectric elements (5A, 5B) adjacent to each other in each thermoelectric element 5, the lower surface of the n-type semiconductor 15 of one thermoelectric element 5A and the other thermoelectric element 5B. The lower surface of the p-type semiconductor 17 is connected to the lower surface of the p-type semiconductor 17 by a rectangular flat plate-shaped low temperature side conductor 13 (13A). The low temperature side conductor 13 also has this thickness direction in the vertical direction.

As a result, each thermoelectric element 5 provided on the lower side of the heat collecting material 3 is connected in series by the low temperature side conductor 13 as shown in FIG.

The transmission unit 7 includes a first control unit (control board; fire detector control unit) 21 and an antenna 23. The first control unit 21 includes a memory (not shown) and a CPU (microcomputer).

Here, the wireless specifications (wireless communication method) of the transmission unit 7 will be described. In the fire detector 1, since the antenna 23 is housed under the floor surface 37, the radio transmission range may be limited. Therefore, in order to improve the reliability of information transmission, it is possible to use a wireless communication method (Bluetooth, Zigbee, etc.) capable of mesh communication or multi-hop communication (a method of transmitting information between wireless terminals like a bucket relay). desirable.

By using mesh communication or multi-hop communication, the electric power used by the fire detector 1 can be reduced, and the electric power of the thermoelectric element 5 can be reduced, so that the thermoelectric element 5 can be reduced. Further, when a battery is used, the battery to be used can be miniaturized and inexpensive. Further, even in the case of the fire detector 1 driven by the power of only the battery, at least one other fire detector 1 (this fire) is between the fire detector 1 that detected the fire and the receiver (fire receiver) 9. By relaying (receiving and transmitting a predetermined signal) that the detector 1 does not detect a fire but may detect it, it can be transmitted to a sufficiently distant place with a small battery.

Then, when the temperature of the heat collecting material 3 rises due to the occurrence of a fire, the thermoelectric element 5 generates electricity by the heat of the heat collecting material 3, and the power generated by each of the thermoelectric elements 5 is used to generate electricity in the transmission unit 7 (first control unit 21). ) Is activated, and under the control of the first control unit 21, a predetermined signal is transmitted from the antenna 23 to the fire receiver 9.

The heat generated by the thermoelectric element 5 due to the heat of the heat collecting material 3 is generated by the temperature difference between the high temperature side conductor 11 and the low temperature side conductor 13. Further, the transmission unit 7 transmits a predetermined signal when the temperature of the heat collecting material 3 rises and exceeds the first temperature and the amount of power generation exceeds a predetermined threshold value.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the fire detector 1 has a box-shaped housing (cover member) 25 made of a material (for example, a flame-retardant synthetic resin) through which radio waves emitted by the transmitting unit 7 are transmitted. Is provided. The housing 25 is formed in the shape of a rectangular box, for example, with the opening facing upward, and the opening is covered with the heat collecting material 3.

As a result, a closed space 27 is formed inside the housing 25 by the housing 25 and the heat collecting material 3, and in the closed space 27, each thermoelectric element 5 and a thin flat plate-shaped insulator 19 are formed. A high temperature side conductor 11, a low temperature side conductor 13, and a transmission unit 7 are provided.

When viewed in the vertical direction, the heat collecting material 3 is larger than the housing 25, and the housing 25 is located inside the heat collecting material 3. As a result, a flange portion 57 (see FIG. 1) formed of a part of the heat collecting material 3 is formed on the outside of the housing 25.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the fire detector 1 is configured to be embedded in, for example, a wiring outlet installation portion 33 of the free access floor 31 of the building 29. As the wiring outlet installation portion 33, a portion where a storage type outlet (inner outlet) is installed, a portion where a storage type air conditioning device or the like is installed, or the like can be listed.

The free access floor 31 is formed by laying out, for example, a plurality of floor panels 39 on the floor surface (floor) 37 of the room 35 of the building 29. The floor panel 39 includes a flat plate-shaped upper plate portion 41 and leg portions 43 protruding downward from the upper plate portion 41.

By installing a plurality of floor panels 39 on the floor surface 37 of the room 35 of the building 29, a flat upper surface 45 of the free access floor 31 is formed on the upper surface of the upper plate portion 41 of each floor panel 39, and the building 29 is formed. A space 47 is formed between the floor surface 37 of the room 35 and the upper plate portion 41 of the floor panel 39. Wiring such as electric wires (not shown) is installed in this space 47.

The wiring outlet installation portion 33 is formed, for example, by a through hole 49 provided in the upper plate portion 41 of the floor panel 39. The through hole 49 includes an upper portion 51 and a lower portion 53, and the lower portion 53 exists inside the upper portion 51 when viewed in the vertical direction.

As a result, the bottom surface 55 of the upper portion 51 located outside the lower portion 53 is formed in an annular shape such as a "ro" shape when viewed in the vertical direction. Further, the bottom surface 55 of the upper portion 51 located outside the lower portion 53 is parallel to the upper surface 45 of the upper plate portion 41 of the floor panel 39, and is more than the upper surface 45 of the upper plate portion 41 of the floor panel 39. Is located slightly below.

When the fire detector 1 is installed in the wiring outlet installation portion 33 of the free access floor 31, as shown in FIG. 1, the housing 25 of the fire detector 1 is below the through hole 49 of the upper plate portion 41. The heat collecting material 3 (outer flange portion 57 of the housing 25) of the fire detector 1 has entered the portion 53 (space 47), and has entered the upper portion 51 of the through hole 49 of the upper plate portion 41. The flange portion 57 of the heat collecting material 3 is in contact with the bottom surface 55 of the upper portion 51 of the upper portion 51 of the through hole 49 of the upper plate portion 41.

Further, in a state where the fire detector 1 is installed in the wiring outlet installation portion 33 of the free access floor 31, the upper surface 45 of the upper plate portion 41 and the upper surface of the heat collecting material 3 are located on the same plane. Further, when the state in which the fire detector 1 is installed in the wiring outlet installation portion 33 of the free access floor 31 is viewed in the vertical direction, the size of the heat collecting material 3 is the upper portion of the through hole 49 of the upper plate portion 41. The size of the 51 is equal to or slightly smaller than that of the heat collecting material 3, and the heat collecting material 3 fits into the upper portion 51 of the through hole 49 of the upper plate portion 41.

By the way, as shown in FIG. 2, the fire detector 1 is provided with the temperature around the fire detector 1 (for example, the temperature of the heat collecting material 3 or the temperature of the space 47, or the temperature of the space on the free access floor 31). A temperature measurement sensor (for example, a commercially available temperature sensor) 59 may be provided to measure the temperature.

Then, when the temperature measured by the temperature measurement sensor 59 exceeds a predetermined threshold value (a second temperature higher than the above-mentioned first temperature), the electric energy generated by the thermoelectric element 5 causes the transmission unit 7 to use the electric energy. However, it may be configured to transmit a predetermined signal to the fire receiver 9.

In this case, the temperature sensor 59 is movable to the electric energy generated by the thermoelectric element 5, but the temperature sensor 59 may be operated by a battery (not shown) or commercial electric power. .. In this case, the fire detector 1 including the control unit 21 may be operated by a battery (not shown) or commercial electric power without providing the thermoelectric element 5. Further, the battery may be connected to the thermoelectric element 5 and charged by the electric energy generated by the thermoelectric element 5, or the battery may be mounted on the control unit 21.

In this configuration, when the temperature measured by the temperature measurement sensor 59 exceeds the second temperature, the transmitter 7 transmits a predetermined signal to the fire receiver 9, so that no malfunction is eliminated and a fire occurs. Occurrence can be detected reliably.

Further, the fire detector 1 may have another configuration. For example, as shown in FIG. 12, in the fire detector 1, the flame sensor 91 may be provided in place of or in addition to the temperature measurement sensor. The flame sensor 91 is a flame detector that converts the radiant energy of a flame into electrical energy according to the intensity of the flame.

Then, when the radiant energy of the flame at the fire point (not shown in FIG. 12) detected by the flame sensor 91 exceeds a predetermined threshold value (more than a predetermined threshold value) using the electric energy generated by the thermoelectric element 5. Under the control of the control unit 21), the transmission unit 7 may be configured to transmit a predetermined signal to the fire receiver 9 (not shown in FIG. 12). The reference numeral θ shown in FIG. 12 indicates the spread angle of the monitoring area of the flame sensor 91.

Further, in the configuration shown in FIG. 12, the flame sensor 91 is operated by the electric energy generated by the thermoelectric element 5, but the flame sensor 91 is operated by a battery (not shown) or commercial electric power. It may be. In this case, the fire detector 1 including the control unit 21 may be operated by a battery (not shown) or commercial electric power without providing the thermoelectric element 5. Further, the battery may be connected to the thermoelectric element 5 and charged by the electric energy generated by the thermoelectric element 5, or the battery may be mounted on the control unit 21.

Next, a fire extinguishing system (disaster prevention system) 61 using a plurality of fire detectors 1 will be described with reference to FIG. 4 and the like.

The fire extinguishing system 61 includes a fire detector 1, a fire extinguishing agent discharge unit (for example, a water discharge unit; a water cannon) 63, a fire receiver 9, and a control panel (second control unit; a fire extinguishing system control unit) 65. It is configured.

A plurality of fire detectors 1 are provided, and are installed in the room 35 of the building 29 at predetermined intervals. The water cannon 63 discharges (discharges) a fire extinguishing agent (for example, water) toward the fire point 67.

The second control unit 65 receives a predetermined signal from the predetermined fire detector 1 (1A) of each fire detector 1 when the fire receiver 9 receives a predetermined signal, the predetermined fire detector 1A (fire point 67). ), The water cannon 63 is controlled so that the water cannon 63 discharges water.

Each of the plurality of fire detectors 1 has a unique ID, and is installed on the floor 37 of the room 35 of the building 29, for example, in the above-described manner. When viewed in the vertical direction, each of the fire detectors 1 is installed at regular intervals (for example, at a pitch of 1 m) in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. The heat collecting material 3 when viewed in the vertical direction has a size of, for example, about 10 cm × 10 cm. That is, the flat plate-shaped heat collecting material 3 has a size of about 10 cm × 10 cm in the vertical and horizontal directions.

In addition, each of each fire detector 1 may be embedded in the floor 37 of the building 29 and directly installed without using the free access floor 31, or may be installed directly on the wall (horizontal wall) or the ceiling of the building 29, for example. It may be embedded and installed. Further, each of the fire detectors 1 may be installed in a structure other than the building (a structure to be extinguished by the fire extinguishing system 61).

The water cannon 63 is installed inside the room 35 of the building 29 or outside the room 35 of the building 29 (a place slightly away from the room 35 of the building 29) in a plan view, and is not shown, but is a side surface. Visually, it is installed at a position above the floor surface 37 of the room 35 of the building 29 and at a predetermined distance from the floor surface 37.

Further, the water cannon 63 includes a main body portion 69 and a tubular barrel portion 71. The main body portion 69 is rotatable and positionable with the axis extending in the vertical direction with respect to the building 29 as the center of rotation. That is, it rotates in the horizontal direction. Further, the barrel portion 71 is rotatable and positionable with the axis extending in the horizontal direction with respect to the main body portion 69 as the center of rotation. That is, it rotates in the vertical direction.

The water supplied from the water storage tank (not shown) is discharged from the tip of the barrel portion 71 toward the room 35 of the building 29. Further explaining, by appropriately setting the rotation angle of the main body portion 69 and the rotation angle of the barrel portion 71, water can be discharged toward the target location (fire point) 67 in the room 35 of the building 29. can.

By moving the water cannon 63 in the vertical and horizontal directions and in the vertical direction, water may be discharged toward the fire point 67 in the room 35 of the building 29.

The second control unit 65 includes a CPU and a memory (not shown), and identifies a fire detector 1 (1A) that transmits a predetermined signal by a predetermined signal received by the fire receiver 9. do.

For example, in the memory of the second control unit 65, the ID of each fire detector 1 and the installation location of each fire detector 1 (installation position in the horizontal direction, installation position in the vertical direction) are associated with each other. It is remembered.

Then, the position where the fire detector 1A is installed is specified from the ID of the fire detector 1A that has transmitted a predetermined signal, and the second control unit 65 controls the water cannon 63 to control the main body unit 69. And the barrel portion 71 are appropriately rotated and positioned, and water is discharged toward the specified fire detector 1A (fire point 67).

The fire extinguishing system 61 is provided with an operation panel 73 having an output unit such as an LCD (not shown) and an input unit such as a touch panel. The operator can know the status of the fire extinguishing system 61 and the status of the room 35 of the building 29 by using the operation panel 73, and can operate the fire extinguishing system 61 as appropriate.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the fire extinguishing system 61 is provided with a photoelectric separation type fire detector 75 as a fire detection device that is obliged to be installed by law. The photoelectric separation type fire detector 75 is configured to include a plurality of light transmitting units (light emitting units) 77 and a plurality of light receiving units 79. In addition to or in addition to the photoelectric separation type fire detector 75, a fire detection device such as a fire detector (NSF904EGA manufactured by Nippon Dry-Chemical), which is obliged to be installed by law, may be adopted.

Each light transmitting unit 77 is installed, for example, on one of the horizontal wall surfaces of the room 35 of the building 29 at a predetermined interval in the vertical direction. Further, each light transmitting unit 77 is installed at a position above the floor 37 of the room 35 of the building 29 by a predetermined distance in the vertical direction.

The light receiving units 79 are also installed in the same manner as the light transmitting units 77, for example, on the other wall surface of the room 35 in the horizontal direction of the building 29 at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction. Further, each light receiving unit 79 is also installed at a position above the floor 37 of the room 35 of the building 29 by a predetermined distance in the vertical direction.

Then, under normal conditions (when no fire has occurred in the room 35 of the building 29), each of the light receiving units 79 receives the light emitted by each of the light transmitting units 77 toward each of the light receiving units 79. do.

On the other hand, when a fire breaks out in the room 35 of the building 29, at least a part of the light receiving units 79 cannot receive the light emitted by the light transmitting unit 77 due to the smoke caused by the fire. As a result, the occurrence of a fire in the room 35 of the building 29 is detected.

Next, the operation of the fire extinguishing system 61 will be described with reference to FIG.

When a fire breaks out in the room 35 of the building 29 (S1), the photoelectric separation type fire detector 75 detects the occurrence of the fire (S3).

Subsequently, the fire receiver 9 provided with a display unit (not shown) for displaying that a fire has occurred displays that a fire has occurred (S5).

The fire receiver 9 may be provided with a fire information output unit that outputs information that a fire has occurred. Then, for example, an alarm sound may be emitted when a fire occurs.

Subsequently, the fire receiver 9 transmits a predetermined signal (a signal indicating that a fire has occurred and a signal indicating an ID unique to the fire detector 1A) to the second control unit 65 (S7), and the second The control unit 65 receives a predetermined signal (S9).

Subsequently, when the second control unit 65 receives a predetermined signal from the fire detector 1 (1A) via the fire receiver 9 (S11), the second control unit 65 identifies the fire point 67 and determines the fire point 67. The water cannon 63 discharges water toward the fire point 67 (S13).

In the above description, in step S5, the fire receiver 9 displays that a fire has occurred, but the operation panel 73 displays that a fire has occurred. You may. Further, a receiver may be provided in the second control unit 65, and when a fire breaks out, a predetermined signal may be received by the receiver of the second control unit 65 without going through the fire receiver 9. Further, in step 11, the control panel 65 receives the fire position information from the fire detector 1, but the fire receiver 9 receives the fire position information from the fire detector 1 and the fire position on the control panel 65. Information may be sent.

According to the fire detector 1, since the thermoelectric element 5 which is cheaper and has a longer life than the thermal camera is used, the initial cost and the running cost can be reduced, and the maintenance interval can be extended.

Further, according to the fire detector 1, since the fire detector 1 is configured to wirelessly transmit a predetermined signal by the electric energy generated by the thermoelectric element 5, the wiring from the power supply to the fire detector 1 (Electric wires for supplying power and wiring for sending signals) can be eliminated, and the fire detector 1 can be easily installed.

Further, according to the fire detector 1, since the transmission unit 7 is operated by the electric energy generated by the thermoelectric element 5, a battery is not required, and low energy consumption can be achieved. The maintenance interval can be further extended.

Further, according to the fire detector 1, since the thermoelectric element 5 generates electricity through the heat collecting material 3 having good thermal conductivity, the heat collecting material 3 is made larger than the installation area of the thermoelectric element 5. By doing so, it is possible to detect the occurrence of a fire in a wide range with a small number of thermoelectric elements 5.

Further, according to the fire detector 1, since the fire detector 1 is configured to be installed in the wiring outlet installation portion 33 of the free access floor 31 of the building 29, the building 29 or a commercially available free access floor The fire detector 1 can be easily installed without modifying the 31.

By the way, in a conventional fire extinguishing system, even if an attempt is made to identify a fire point using a thermal camera or a photoelectric separation type detector, there is a possibility that the fire point cannot be accurately identified if there is a shield.

On the other hand, in the fire extinguishing system 61, since a plurality of fire detectors 1 are installed on the floor 37, the fire point 67 can be accurately identified even if there is a shield on the floor panel 39.

Further, in the fire extinguishing system 61, since a plurality of fire detectors 1 are installed on the floor 37, the position of the fire point 67 is accurately detected as compared with the case where a thermal camera or a photoelectric separation type sensor is used. be able to.

That is, the position of the flame at the fire point 67 is likely to change due to fluctuations or the flow of air in the room 35, and the smoke generated at the fire point 67 is also likely to change due to fluctuations or the flow of air in the room 35, for example. The position is easy to change. As a result, the thermal camera or the photoelectric separation type detector may not be able to accurately detect the position of the fire point 67.

On the other hand, in the fire extinguishing system 61, since a plurality of fire detectors 1 are installed on the floor 37, the position of the fire point 67 is accurately detected even if there is fluctuation or air flow in the room 35. be able to.

In addition, by accurately identifying the fire point 67, when extinguishing a fire using a water cannon 63 in a large facility space, the amount of water discharged can be reduced, the water storage facility can be miniaturized, and the overall cost can be reduced. Can be reduced.

For example, the amount of water stored in a water storage tank (a water storage tank that supplies water to a water cannon) can be reduced. This will be described further.

Further, according to the fire extinguishing system 61, the fire detector 1 is inexpensive, can extend the maintenance interval as compared with the conventional one, and efficiently arranges the fire detector 1 to accurately identify the fire point even if there is a shield. Can be done.

First, the amount of water stored in the water storage tank (water storage tank that supplies water to the water cannon) in the conventional fire extinguishing system will be described.

As shown in FIG. 8, the area of the water discharge section specified by law is 4 m × 5 m = 20 m ² . As shown in FIG. 8, the area of the water discharge section for which the safety factor is set is (4 m + 2 m) × (5 m + 2 m) = 42 m ² . As shown in FIG. 8, the area of the water discharge section in which the detection accuracy error of the fire detector 1 is set is (6 m + 2 m) × (7 m + 2 m) = 72 m ² .

Here, assuming that the water discharge rate per 1 m ² of the water discharge section (floor area) of the water cannon is qL / m ² · min (for example, 5 L / m ² · min), the water discharge amount per minute of the water cannon 63 is qL / m ² · min × 72m ² = 72qL / min (for example, 5L / m ² · min × 72m ² = 360L / min).

Further, since it is necessary to discharge water from the water cannon for 20 minutes, the amount of water stored in the water storage tank is 72 qL / min × 20 min = 1440 qL (for example, 360 L / min × 20 min = 7200 L (7.2 m ³ )).

According to the fire extinguishing system 61 according to the embodiment of the present invention, by accurately specifying the fire point, the area of the water discharge section can be set to, for example, 6 m × 7 m = 42 m ² , and the water storage capacity is 7.2 m ³ . The tank can be a water storage tank with a capacity of 5 L / m ² · min × 42 m ² × 20 min = 4200 L (4.2 m ³ ), making it possible to reduce the scale and amount of water stored in the water storage tank and reduce costs. Become.

By the way, in FIG. 4, each thermoelectric element 5 is arranged at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, but as shown in FIG. 6, each thermoelectric element 5 is close-packed (hexagonal close-packed). It may be arranged with.

That is, in a plan view, assuming that at least a part (for example, all) of the floor 37 is tessellated with a plurality of regular hexagons of the same size, each of the fire detectors 1 is the center of each regular hexagon. It may be installed in each place (the position of each center of each fire detector 1 and the position of each center of each regular hexagon may coincide with each other). Alternatively, each of the fire detectors 1 may be installed at each of the vertices of each regular hexagon.

Further, the flat surface of the partition material (for example, at least one of the floor 37, the ceiling, and the wall) that separates the room 35 of the building 29 and the outside world of the room 35 and in which each fire detector 1 is installed. Assuming that at least a part of the partition material is tessellated with a plurality of regular hexagons of the same size when viewed in a direction orthogonal to the fire detector 1, each of the fire detectors 1 is the center of each regular hexagon. It may be installed in each of the above.

By arranging each fire detector 1 in hexagonal close packing in this way, it is possible to detect the fire point without bias and efficiently by using a smaller number of fire detectors 1.

In addition, as a fire detector 1 arranged by hexagonal closest filling by a regular hexagon, a heat sensor (differential spot type sensor, constant temperature spot type sensor), a smoke sensor (photoelectric spot type sensor), A flame detector (ultraviolet spot type detector, infrared type spot type detector) may be adopted, or a detector equipped with a heat sensor, a smoke sensor, and an optical sensor for detecting a fire may be adopted.

Further, in the above description, one fire detector 1A detects the fire point 67, but a plurality of predetermined fire detectors in each fire detector 1 may detect the fire point 67.

In this case, when a predetermined signal is received from a plurality of predetermined fire detectors in each fire detector 1, a water cannon is directed toward the central portion of the area where the plurality of predetermined fire detectors are arranged. 63 discharges water.

When the fire receiver 9 receives a predetermined signal from a plurality of predetermined fire detectors 1, the fire point may be specified according to the reception time from each fire detector 1. For example, a predetermined signal was received from the first fire detector 1 at time t1, and a predetermined signal was received from the second fire detector 1 at time t2 (time when time ta has elapsed from time t1). At this time, the location on the side of the first fire detector 1 from the central portion between the first fire detector 1 and the second fire detector 1 may be specified as the fire point 67.

Further, the fire detector 1 may be provided with a receiving unit. Then, as in the above-mentioned multi-hop communication, the fire detector that detects the fire in each fire detector 1 is between the fire detector 1A that detected the fire in each fire detector 1 and the receiver. At least one fire detector 1 other than 1A may be configured to receive and transmit the predetermined signal.

That is, one or a plurality of fire detectors 1 other than the fire detector 1A that has detected a fire may be relayed to send the predetermined signal to the fire receiver 9.

Next, a case where the fire detector 1 employs the flame sensor 91 as the detection unit (fire detection unit) will be described with reference to FIG. The flame sensor 91 has a monitoring area having a predetermined spread angle θ. A plurality of flame sensors 91 are provided, for example, and the monitoring area of the first flame sensor 91 (91A) overlaps with the monitoring area of the adjacent second flame sensor 91 (91B).

By arranging the flame sensor 91 in this way, when the flame sensor 91B detects a flame at the fire point 67 (67B) (flame intensity higher than a predetermined threshold value) in the monitoring area of the flame sensor 91B, the flame sensor 91B causes the flame sensor 91B. The position of the fire point 67B can be specified assuming that a flame is generated at the arranged position, and the water discharge of the water discharge gun 63 (see FIG. 4) can be controlled.

Further, in the case of the fire point 67 (67A) as shown in FIG. 13, the flame sensor 91A and the flame sensor 91B detect the fire point 67A. As a result, the position where the monitoring area of the flame sensor 91A and the monitoring area of the flame sensor 91B overlap each other can be specified as the position of the fire point 67A, and the water discharge of the water cannon 63 (see FIG. 4) can be controlled.

The flame sensor 91 (91A, 91B) shown in FIG. 13 is installed in the partition member 89 by using, for example, the flame sensor support 93. As the partition material 89, the wall surface of the building 29 or the like shown in FIGS. 4 or 6 can be raised, and further, the floor, ceiling, or the like can be raised.

Next, an inspection of the fire extinguishing system 61 using a heating tester (not shown) will be described.

The heating tester is provided with a heater, and at the time of inspection, the fire extinguishing system 61 is switched to the inspection mode by, for example, operating the operation panel 73.

The fire extinguishing system 61 is switched to an inspection mode (for example, a mode in which the water cannon 63 does not operate), and the heat collecting material 3 of one fire detector 1 to be inspected is heated for a predetermined time by the heater of the heating tester. As a result, if it can be confirmed by the operation panel 73 that the predetermined signal from the heated fire detector 1 can be received, it is confirmed that one fire detector 1 to be inspected is normal. be able to.

This confirmation is also performed for the other fire detectors 1 in order, so that all the fire detectors 1 of the fire extinguishing system 61 are inspected.

It should be noted that the heating tester may be configured to confirm that the predetermined signal from the heated fire detector 1 has been received. Further, when the inspection mode is set, for example, the operation panel 73 may be used to continuously give a warning that the inspection mode is set.

By the way, as shown in FIGS. 7A to 7D, the heat collecting material 3 is enlarged in a wide range with respect to the portion 81 where the thermoelectric element 5 is provided (the portion indicated by the diagonal line) in a plan view. It may be configured to be able to collect heat.

In FIG. 7, the outer diameter of the heat collecting material 3 is about 5 times the outer diameter of the portion 81 where the thermoelectric element 5 is provided, but the outer diameter of the heat collecting material 3 is collected with respect to the outer diameter of the portion 81 where the thermoelectric element 5 is provided. The outer diameter of the heat material 3 may be 1.5 to 10 times, 2 to 8 times, or 2 to 6 times.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the thermoelectric element 5 may be formed in such a manner that the p-type semiconductor 17 and the n-type semiconductor 15 are directly bonded without providing the high temperature side conductor 11. In this case, a portion where the p-type semiconductor 17 and the n-type semiconductor 15 are directly bonded is installed in the heat collecting material 3 with a thin flat plate-shaped insulator 19 in between.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the heat storage material 83 may be provided on the low temperature side conductor 13 side. The heat storage material 83 is in contact with the low temperature side conductor 13, for example. Further, the heat storage material 83 is solid at room temperature, and melts and liquefies when the temperature reaches about 100 ° C., for example. Therefore, even when the temperature of the heat collecting material 3 rises above 100 ° C. due to a fire and the temperature in the space 27 exceeds 100 ° C., the heat storage material 83 is heated to about 100 ° C. due to the heat of fusion (latent heat) of the heat storage material 83. The temperature is maintained for a predetermined period of time.

As a result, each thermoelectric element 5 generates electricity for a longer time than when the heat storage material 83 is not provided.

Further, as shown in FIG. 11, the heat collecting material 3 is composed of a plurality of members (for example, the first member 3A and the second member 3B), and the respective parts 3A and 3B separated from each other have thermal conductivity. It may be connected with a high connecting material 85.

Further, the above description may be grasped as a fire detection system 87 having a fire receiver and a plurality of fire detectors 1. In this case, a commercially available fire detector 1 may be adopted.

1 Fire detector 3 Heat collector 5 Thermoelectric element 7 Transmitter 29 Building 31 Free access floor 33 Wiring outlet installation 35 Room 61 Fire extinguishing system 63 Fire extinguishing agent discharger 65 Control unit 67 Fire point 87 Fire detection system

Claims (8)

With the receiver
A plurality of fire detection units provided with a fire detection unit and a transmission unit that transmits a predetermined signal to the receiver, and are installed at predetermined intervals in a partition material that separates a room of a building from the outside world of this room. In the vessel
Assuming that at least a part of the partition material is tessellated with a plurality of regular hexagons of the same size when viewed in a direction orthogonal to the partition material, each of the fire detectors said Installed at each center of the regular hexagon ,
The partition material is a raised floor formed by laying a plurality of floor panels on the floor surface of the room of the building.
The floor panel includes a flat plate-shaped upper plate portion and a leg portion protruding downward from the upper plate portion.
A fire detection system characterized in that a space is formed between the floor surface and the upper plate portion of the floor panel, and wiring of electric wires of the fire detector is installed in the space . In the fire detection system according to claim 1.
A fire detection system characterized in that the monitoring area of the fire detection unit of the fire detector overlaps with the monitoring area of the fire detection unit of the adjacent fire detector. In the fire detection system according to claim 1 or 2 .
At least one of the fire detectors receives and transmits the predetermined signal between the fire detector that detected the fire among the fire detectors and the receiver. A fire detection system characterized by being configured in. In the fire detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 3 .
The transmission unit is a fire detection system, characterized in that the fire detection unit is configured to transmit a predetermined signal to the receiver when the fire detection unit detects a flame intensity higher than a predetermined threshold value. In the fire detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 4 .
The fire detection unit includes a heat collecting material and a thermoelectric element that converts the heat energy of the heat collecting material into electrical energy.
The fire detection system is characterized in that the transmitting unit is configured to transmit the predetermined signal to the receiver by the electric energy generated by the thermoelectric element. In the fire detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 4 .
The fire detection unit is a fire detection system including a flame detector that converts radiant energy of a flame into electrical energy according to the intensity of the flame. In the fire detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 6 .
A fire detection system, wherein each of the fire detectors is configured to be installed in a wiring outlet installation portion of the raised floor. The fire detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 7 .
A fire extinguishing agent discharge part that discharges the fire extinguishing agent toward the fire point,
When the receiver receives a predetermined signal from the predetermined fire detector among the fire detectors, the fire extinguisher discharging unit discharges the fire extinguishing agent toward the predetermined fire detector. A control unit that controls the fire extinguishing agent discharge unit,
A fire extinguishing system characterized by having.

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