JP7065992B2 - Pneumatic massage system - Google Patents

Description

Cross-reference to related applications
[0001] The present application is U.S. Patent Application No. 16 / 116,433 filed on August 29, 2018, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 638,838 filed on March 5, 2018, and Priority is claimed for US Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 638,828 filed October 18, 2018, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Technical field
[0002] The present disclosure relates to pneumatic massage systems for use in commercial and residential furniture, such as office and household furniture, more specifically in vehicle seating systems (aircraft, automobiles, etc.).

[0003] Traditional massage systems in automobile seats utilize mechanical systems to perform massage functions in the form of pressure patterns to interface with seat occupants. Such systems typically use mechanical actuators to generate specific massage modes with different levels of pressure intensity and predetermined massage patterns. The mode may include some form of rolling, pressing, stretching, kneading, tapping, and / or vibrating the seat occupant to provide an enjoyable experience while relaxing the muscles.

[0004] However, different massage modes require a separate mechanical actuator located within the seat of the car. In addition, the cost of mechanical or electromechanical actuators is relatively high and associated with the complexity of the system for proper mechanical control (motors, actuators, trucks, etc.) and the required electronics. The volume and weight of the components to be used are similar. As a result, traditional massage systems may be limited in seating applications where low cost, space savings, and weight savings are important.

[0005] Existing automotive seating systems use air bladder to provide user support in specific areas of the seat, thereby reducing component weight for specific applications, but these bladder are in fixed position. Yes, it is not possible to provide movement across a portion of the seat surface in response to the applied air pressure. In other words, the bladder can only expand and contract to increase or decrease the level of pressure intensity at some point in a particular seat.

[0006] The present disclosure, in one aspect, is a pressurized air source, a fluid switching module in contact with the pressurized air source, a first bladder in contact with the fluid switching module, and a second bladder in contact with the fluid switching module. And a third bladder that communicates with the fluid switching module to provide a pneumatic massage system. The fluid switching module is configured to direct air from a pressurized air source to each of a first bladder, a second bladder, and a third bladder in a predetermined sequence. The predetermined sequence comprises inflating the first bladder, shrinking the first bladder and inflating the second bladder, shrinking the second bladder and inflating the third bladder.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first bladder, the second bladder, and the third bladder are arranged in a circular pattern.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first bladder, the second bladder, and the third bladder are integrally formed as a single body.

[0009] In some embodiments, the support backing further comprises a plane adjacent to each of the first bladder, the second bladder, and the third bladder.

[0010] In some embodiments, the pressure transfer member is further provided on the opposite side of the support backing, where the pressure transfer member includes at least each of the first bladder, the second bladder, and the third bladder. Partially cover.

[0011] In some embodiments, a second bladder is placed adjacent to the first bladder and a third bladder is placed adjacent to the second bladder.

[0012] In some embodiments, the fluid switching module does not include moving parts.

[0013] The present disclosure is, in another aspect, a pressurized air source, a fluid switching module communicating with the pressurized air source, and a bladder assembly communicating with the fluid switching module, the bladder assembly comprising a plurality of chambers. Provides a pneumatic massage system, including. The fluid switching module is configured to inflate each chamber of a plurality of chambers in a predetermined sequence.

[0014] In some embodiments, a plurality of chambers are arranged in a circular pattern and a fluid switching module is configured to sequentially expand and contract adjacent chambers of the plurality of chambers to produce a rotary massage effect. ..

[0015] In some embodiments, the plurality of chambers are arranged in a generally linear pattern so that the fluid switching module sequentially expands and contracts adjacent chambers of the plurality of chambers to produce a translational massage effect. It is composed of.

[0016] In some embodiments, the bladder assembly comprises a body defining each chamber of the plurality of chambers, the adjacent chambers of the plurality of chambers being separated by welding.

[0017] In some embodiments, the bladder assembly comprises a plurality of passages integrated into the body, each passage of the plurality of passages communicating with each chamber of the multi-chamber air bladder and the plurality of passages. Each passage of is connected to the fluid switching module.

[0018] In some embodiments, the bladder assembly comprises a support backing located adjacent to the body, the support backing comprising a plane in adjacent contact with each chamber of the plurality of chambers.

[0019] In some embodiments, a pressure transfer member is further provided adjacent to the body on the opposite side of the support backing, the pressure transfer member at least partially covering each chamber of the plurality of chambers.

[0020] In some embodiments, each chamber of the plurality of chambers partially overlaps the adjacent chambers of the plurality of chambers.

[0021] In some embodiments, the predetermined sequence comprises the continuous expansion of adjacent chambers of a plurality of chambers.

[0022] In some embodiments, the predetermined sequence comprises the continuous contraction of adjacent chambers of multiple chambers.

[0023] In some embodiments, the fluid switching module is configured to inflate each chamber of a plurality of chambers in a predetermined sequence without moving any part of the fluid switching module.

[0024] In another aspect, the present disclosure comprises a support surface arranged to support a portion of a seat occupant, a first fluid switching module in contact with a pressurized air source, and a first fluid switching module. Provided is a first bladder assembly, including a first plurality of chambers in contact with, and a massage sheet assembly comprising. The first fluid switching module is configured to inflate each chamber of the first plurality of chambers in a first predetermined sequence to provide a translational or rotary massage to the seat occupants through the support surface.

[0025] In some embodiments, the massage sheet assembly comprises a second fluid switching module that communicates with a pressurized air source and a second plurality of chambers that communicate with a second fluid switching module. Also includes the fluid assembly and. The second fluid switching module is configured to inflate each chamber of the second plurality of chambers in a second predetermined sequence to provide a translational or rotary massage to the seat occupant through the support surface.

[0026] In some embodiments, the massage seat assembly further comprises an adjusting device disposed fluidly between the pressurized air source and the first and second fluid switching modules. The regulator directs the air from the pressurized air source to the first fluid switching module and the regulator directs the air from the pressurized air source to the second fluid switching module. It is configured to operate at a second position.

[0027] In some embodiments, the regulator is configured to operate from a first position to a second position in response to a pressure signal from the first fluid switching module.

[0028] In some embodiments, the regulator is configured to operate from a second position to a first position in response to a pressure signal from the second fluid switching module.

[0029] In some embodiments, the first fluid switching module is such that each chamber of the first plurality of chambers is inflated in the predetermined sequence without moving any part of the fluid switching module. It is composed of.

[0030] The present disclosure is, in another aspect, a support surface arranged to support a part of a seat occupant and a first bladder assembly arranged behind the support surface, which is predetermined. A first bladder assembly containing a plurality of chambers configured to inflate in sequence to give a translational or rotational massage to a seat occupant through a support surface, and a second bladder assembly located behind the first bladder assembly. A massage seat assembly comprising a second bladder assembly, which is configured to expand and contract to change the intensity of translational or rotational massage.

[0031] In some embodiments, a fluid switching module in communication with a pressurized air source is further provided, the fluid switching module being configured to direct air from the pressurized air source to each chamber of a plurality of chambers. Ru.

[0032] In some embodiments, the second bladder assembly communicates with a pressurized air source, separate from the fluid switching module.

[0033] In some embodiments, the fluid switching module is configured to inflate each chamber of the first plurality of chambers in a predetermined sequence without moving any part of the fluid switching module. ..

[0034] Other features and embodiments of the present disclosure will be apparent by taking into account the detailed description below and the accompanying drawings.

[0035] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a pneumatic system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [0036] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the fluid switching module of the pneumatic system of FIG. [0037] FIG. 3 is a front perspective view of the fluid switching module of FIG. [0038] FIG. 4 is a rear perspective view of the fluid switching module of FIG. [0039] FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the fluid switching module of FIG. [0040] FIG. 6 is a front view of the fluid switching module of FIG. 2 with the cover removed. [0041] FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a part of the fluid switching module of FIG. 6 identified by lines 6-6. [0042] FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion of the fluid switching module of FIG. 6 identified by lines 7-7. [0043] FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a part of the fluid switching module of FIG. 6 identified by lines 8-8. [0044] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the air passage of the fluid switching module of FIG. [0045] FIG. 11A is a schematic diagram of the airflow operation through the fluid switching module of FIG. 11B is a schematic diagram of the airflow operation through the fluid switching module of FIG. 11C is a schematic diagram of the airflow operation through the fluid switching module of FIG. 11D is a schematic diagram of the airflow operation through the fluid switching module of FIG. 11E is a schematic diagram of the airflow operation through the fluid switching module of FIG. [0046] FIG. 12A is a perspective view of a bladder subassembly according to an embodiment that can be used with the pneumatic system of FIG. [0047] FIG. 12B is a perspective view of a bladder subassembly according to another embodiment that can be used with the pneumatic system of FIG. [0048] FIG. 12C is a perspective view of a bladder subassembly according to another embodiment that can be used with the pneumatic system of FIG. FIG. 13A is a perspective view of a bladder subassembly according to another embodiment that can be used with the pneumatic system of FIG. [0050] FIG. 13B is a perspective view of a bladder subassembly according to another embodiment that can be used with the pneumatic system of FIG. [0051] FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a bladder subassembly according to another embodiment that can be used with the pneumatic system of FIG. [0052] FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a bladder subassembly according to another embodiment that can be used with the pneumatic system of FIG. [0053] FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a bladder subassembly according to another embodiment that can be used with the pneumatic system of FIG. [0054] FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a bladder subassembly according to another embodiment that can be used with the pneumatic system of FIG. [0055] FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a bladder subassembly according to another embodiment that can be used with the pneumatic system of FIG. [0056] FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a bladder subassembly according to another embodiment that can be used with the pneumatic system of FIG. [0057] FIG. 20 is a perspective view of a seating system according to an embodiment incorporating the pneumatic system of FIG. [0058] FIG. 21 is a top view of the seating system of FIG. [0059] FIG. 22 shows a set of lumbar back bladder for the seat system of FIG. 20. [0060] FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of the set of lumbar back bladder of FIG. 22. [0061] FIG. 24 shows a set of lumbar back bladder for the seating system of FIG. 20 according to another embodiment. [0062] FIG. 25 is a schematic representation of the set of lumbar back bladder of FIG. 24. [0063] FIG. 26 shows a set of upper back bladder for the seating system of FIG. [0064] FIG. 27 is a schematic representation of the set of upper back bladder of FIG. [0065] FIG. 28 shows a set of upper back bladder for the seating system of FIG. 20 according to another embodiment. [0066] FIG. 29 is a schematic representation of the upper back bladder set of FIG. 28. [0067] FIG. 30 shows a set of bolster bladder for the seating system of FIG. [0068] FIG. 31 is a schematic representation of the set of bolster bladder of FIG. [0069] FIG. 32 shows a set of shoulder bladder for the vehicle seat system of FIG. [0070] FIG. 33 is a schematic representation of the set of shoulder bladder of FIG. 32. [0071] FIG. 34 shows a set of shoulder bladder for the vehicle seat system of FIG. 20 according to another embodiment. [0072] FIG. 35 is a schematic representation of the set of shoulder bladder of FIG. 34. [0073] FIG. 36 is a perspective view of the footrest assembly of the seat system of FIG. [0074] FIG. 37 shows the upper part of the vehicle seat system incorporating the pneumatic system of FIG. [0075] FIG. 38 shows a set of lumbar bladder for the vehicle seating system of FIG. 37. [0076] FIG. 39 shows a set of lumbar bladder for the vehicle seating system of FIG. 37 according to another embodiment. [0077] FIG. 40 shows a schematic control diagram of the pneumatic system of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment. [0078] FIG. 41 shows a schematic control diagram of the pneumatic system of FIG. 1 according to another embodiment. [0079] FIG. 42 shows a schematic control diagram of the pneumatic system of FIG. 1 according to another embodiment. [0080] FIG. 43 is a schematic control diagram showing the operation of the pneumatic system of FIG. 1 according to another embodiment. FIG. 44 is a schematic control diagram showing the operation of the pneumatic system of FIG. 1 according to another embodiment. FIG. 45 is a schematic control diagram showing the operation of the pneumatic system of FIG. 1 according to another embodiment. FIG. 46 is a schematic control diagram showing the operation of the pneumatic system of FIG. 1 according to another embodiment.

[0081] Prior to any embodiment of the present disclosure being described in detail, the present disclosure, in its application, to the details and arrangement of components described in the following description or shown in the drawings below. Please understand that it is not limited. The present disclosure can support other embodiments and can be implemented or implemented in various ways. It should also be understood that the expressions and terms used herein are for illustration purposes only and should not be considered limiting. The use of "includes", "provides", or "has" and variations thereof herein is meant to include the items described below and their equivalents, as well as further items. Also, as used herein and in the appended claims, terms in the "upper", "lower", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", and other directions are used. It is not intended to require a particular direction and is used for illustration purposes only.

[0082] With reference to FIG. 1, a pneumatic system 10 (ie, pneumatic massage system, oscillating pneumatic system, rotary pneumatic system, etc.) is shown. The pneumatic system 10 includes an air source 14 (eg, an air pump, an air compressor, etc.), a first bladder 18, a second bladder 22, a third bladder 26, and a fourth bladder 30. include. The air system 10 further includes a pneumatic source 14 and one or more fluid switching modules 34 fluidly connected to the bladder 18, 22, 26, 30. In some embodiments, the pneumatic source 14 is driven by an electric motor. In other words, the pneumatics are generated by a dedicated electric motor. In an alternative embodiment, the pneumatic source 14 is any suitable compressed air source, including a pneumatic module or any pneumatic source within an existing vehicle pneumatic system.

[0083] Optional one or more regulators 36, including, for example, one or more air switches, solenoid valves, or other pneumatic components for selectively directing air along different paths. It may be provided in the pneumatic system 10. For example, in some embodiments described herein, the regulator 36 is provided between the pneumatic source 14 and the plurality of fluid switching modules 34, and air is desired from the pneumatic source 14 to the fluid switching module 34. Selectively aim in sequence.

[0084] In some embodiments, the regulator 36 may be associated with each bladder 18, 22, 26, 30 for bladder control (eg, in contact with a pneumatic tube). Further electronic or electrical control for bladder function is also possible, including additional valve or pump control sequences. The regulator 36 is further or alternatively used in one or more air supply conduits and / or one or more exhaust conduits (depending on the supply and exhaust configurations to the bladder 18, 22, 26, 30). Can be done.

[0085] As described in more detail below, the pneumatic system 10 is utilized to create a massage effect by periodically expanding and contracting the bladder 18, 22, 26, 30. Specifically, the pneumatic source 10 controls the flow of air to the bladder 18, 22, 26, 30 in a predetermined sequence without moving the source of pressurized air to any part of the fluid switching module 34. Provided to the fluid switching module 34. In particular, the air flow is controlled by the fluid switching module 34, where the bladder 18, 22, 26, 30 alternate (ie, without expanding all at once) repeatedly expanding and contracting, thereby producing a massage effect. Although there are four bladder 18, 22, 26, 30 in the illustrated embodiment, the pneumatic system 10 can include any number of bladder. For example, the system 10 may be configured to provide three, four, five, six, or more air chamber patterns or circuits, which may be circular or rotational patterns in a particular application. However, other non-circular shape patterns are also within the scope of the invention and include other multipart or multisector or multi-arranged bladder configurations. In some embodiments, the pneumatic system 10 is integrated within the seat and the seat is not necessarily limited to vehicle applications, but can be any vehicle seat in the vehicle cabin for the purposes of the following description. ..

[0086] With reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, the fluid switching module 34 includes a base 38 and a cover 42. Module 34 further includes five air connections 46A-46E formed on one side 50 of the base 38. In particular, the base 38 includes an air source connector 46A, a first bladder connector 46B, a second bladder connector 46C, a third bladder connector 46D, and a fourth bladder connector 46E.

[0087] With reference to FIG. 5, the air passage 54 is formed in the base 38. In particular, the air passage 54 is partially defined by a channel 58 with a floor 62 and a cover 42. In other words, the air passage 54 is at least partially defined by a floor 62, a cover 42, and a side wall extending between the floor 62 and the cover 42. With reference to FIG. 6, the air connections 46A-46E are fluid-connected to the air passage 54 via the corresponding bores 66A-66E passing through the floor 62. Further, vents 70, 74, 78, 82 (FIG. 4) to the atmosphere are formed on the base 38 (more specifically, the floor 62) to fluidly communicate the air passage 54 with the atmosphere. The operation of the air passage 54 and the vents 70, 74, 78, 82 will be described in more detail below. In general, the air passage 54 and the vents 70, 74, 78, 82 passively (ie, add) the flow of air from the air source 14 to the bladder 18, 22, 26, 30 in a predetermined sequence. Control (without mechanical or electrical valves).

[0088] With reference to FIG. 10, the air passage 54 defines a plurality of "zones" and "subsystems". In particular, the air passage 54 has a first subsystem 86 (shaded in FIG. 10), a second subsystem 90 fluidly connected to the first subsystem 86, and a first subsystem 86. Includes a third subsystem 94 fluidly connected to. The first subsystem 86 includes a first upstream position inlet zone 98 including an air source connection 46A and a first splitter zone 102 located downstream of the inlet zone 98. The first subsystem 86 further includes a first transport zone 106 and a second transport zone 110. The first splitter zone 102 is fluidly connected to the first transfer zone 106 and the second transfer zone 110. The first transfer zone 106 is in fluid communication with the inlet zone 114 of the second subsystem 90. Similarly, the second transfer zone 110 is in fluid contact with the inlet zone 118 of the third subsystem 94.

[0089] Continuing with reference to FIG. 10, the second subsystem 90 includes an inlet zone 114 at a second upstream location and a second air splitter zone 122 fluidly connected to the inlet zone 114. The second subsystem 90 further includes a first bladder zone 126 and a second bladder zone 130 fluidly connected to the second air splitter zone 122. The first bladder connection 46B is located in the first bladder zone 126 and the second bladder connection 46C is located in the second bladder zone 130. Further, the second subsystem 90 includes a first vent zone 134 fluidly connected to the first bladder zone 126 and a second vent zone 138 fluidly connected to the second bladder zone 130. The first vent 70 is located in the first vent zone 134 and the second vent 74 is located in the second vent zone 138. Also, the second subsystem 90 includes a feedback zone 142 fluidly connected to the second vent zone 138 and the first transfer zone 106 of the first subsystem 86.

[0090] With reference to FIG. 10, the third subsystem 94 is similar to the second subsystem 90. The third subsystem 94 includes an inlet zone 114 at a third upstream position and a third air splitter zone 146 fluidly connected to the inlet zone 114. The third subsystem 94 includes a third bladder zone 150 and a fourth bladder zone 154 fluidly connected to the third splitter zone 146. A third bladder connection 46D is placed in the third bladder zone 150 and a fourth bladder connection 46E is placed in the fourth bladder zone 154. In addition, the third subsystem 94 includes a third vent zone 158 fluidally connected to the third bladder zone 150 and a fourth vent zone 162 fluidly connected to the fourth bladder zone 154. A third vent 78 is located in the third vent zone 158 and a fourth vent 82 is located in the fourth vent zone 162. Also, the third subsystem 94 includes a feedback zone 166 fluid-connected to the fourth vent zone 162 and the second transfer zone 110 of the first detail system 86.

[0091] With reference to FIGS. 6-9, the air passage 54 further defines a plurality of "passages", "walls", "dimensions" and the like. The first inlet zone 98 includes an inlet passage 170 that fluidly communicates with the air source connector 46A and defines an inlet airflow axis 174 (FIG. 7). The bore 66A of the air source connector 46A defines a diameter of 178 within a range of about 1.0 mm to about 3.0 mm. The inlet passage 170 narrows downstream toward the nozzle 182. In particular, the inlet passage 170 includes an inlet width dimension 186, and the nozzle 182 defines a nozzle width dimension 190 that is smaller than the inlet width dimension 186. In the illustrated embodiment, the inlet width dimension 186 is equal to the diameter 178. The inlet width dimension 186 is larger than the nozzle width dimension 190 by a magnification within the range of about 1.25 to about 5.5.

[0092] With reference to FIG. 7, downstream of the nozzle 182 is a first splitter zone 102. The first splitter zone 102 includes an air splitter 194, a first outlet passage 198, a second outlet passage 202, and a notch 206 (ie, an airflow bias function). The air splitter 194 is located at a distance 208 of about 2.0 mm to about 3.0 mm from the nozzle 182. In some embodiments, the distance 208 is equal to about four times the nozzle width 190. The air splitter 194 is curved and defines at least one radius 210. In an alternative embodiment, the air splitter is pointed. In other words, the air splitter 194 can be either concave or convex. Specifically, the air splitter 194 includes a center point 214 aligned with the inlet airflow axis 174. The first exit passage 198 includes a first wall 218, and the second exit passage 202 includes a second wall 222 located on the opposite side of the first wall 218. The first wall 218 is tilted with respect to the inlet airflow axis 174 to define a first angle 226. Similarly, the second wall 222 is tilted with respect to the inlet airflow axis 174 to define a second angle 230. Both the first angle 226 and the second angle 230 are in the range of about 15 degrees to about 25 degrees. In some embodiments, the first angle 226 is equal to the second angle 230.

[0093] The notch 206 is located upstream of the first exit passage 198 and downstream of the nozzle 182. More specifically, the notch 206 is arranged between the nozzle 182 and the first wall 218. In other words, the notch 206 replaces part of the first wall 218. As described in more detail below, the notch 206 deflects the airflow from the nozzle 182 to first flow through the first outlet passage 198 before flowing through the second outlet passage 202. Let me. The notch 206 defines a dimension 234 in the range of about 0.0025 mm to about 0.50 mm. The larger the notch size, the greater the bias effect on the corresponding output channel 198. However, if the notch size is too large, the airflow can become unstable. In an alternative embodiment, the notch 206 may be a groove, slot, or other suitable geometric feature within the wall 218 to create a low pressure region.

[0094] With reference to FIG. 7, downstream of the first splitter zone 102 is both the first and second transport zones 106, 110. In particular, the first exit passage 198 is in fluid communication with the first transfer zone 106. Similarly, the second exit passage 202 is in fluid communication with the second transfer zone 110. The first transfer zone 106 includes a transfer passage 238 with two curved walls 242, and the second transfer zone 110 also includes a transfer passage 246 with two curved walls 250.

Downstream of the first transfer zone 106 is the inlet zone 114 of the second subsystem 90. With reference to FIG. 8, the transfer passage 238 is in fluid communication with the inlet passage 254 defining the air flow axis 258. The inlet passage 254 narrows to the nozzle 262, which is narrower than the nozzle 182. In particular, the nozzle 262 defines a nozzle width dimension 266 that is smaller than the nozzle width 190. The nozzle width dimension 266 is equal to or smaller than the nozzle width 190 at a magnification in the range of about 100% to about 50%.

Downstream of nozzle 262 is a second splitter zone 122. The second splitter zone 122 includes an air splitter 270, a first outlet passage 274, a second outlet passage 278, and a notch 282. The air splitter 270 is located at a distance 284 from about 2.0 mm to about 3.0 mm from the nozzle 262. In some embodiments, the distance 284 is equal to about four times the nozzle width 266. The air splitter 270 is curved and defines at least one radius 286. Like the air splitter 194, the air splitter 270 can be either concave or convex. Specifically, the air splitter 270 includes a center point 290 aligned with the inlet airflow axis 258. The first exit passage 274 includes a first wall 294 and the second exit passage 278 includes a second wall 298 located on the opposite side of the first wall 294. The first wall 294 is tilted with respect to the inlet airflow axis 258 to define a first angle 302. Similarly, the second wall 298 tilts with respect to the inlet airflow axis 258 to define a second angle 306. Both the first angle 302 and the second angle 306 are in the range of about 15 degrees to about 25 degrees. In some embodiments, the first angle 302 is equal to the second angle 306.

[0097] The notch 282 is located upstream of the first exit passage 274. More specifically, the notch 282 is arranged between the nozzle 262 and the first wall 294. In other words, the notch 282 replaces the first wall 294. The notch 282 defines a dimension 310 within the range of about 0.025 mm to about 0.5 mm. As described in more detail below, the notch 28 deflects the airflow from the nozzle 262 to first flow through the first outlet passage 274 before flowing through the second outlet passage 278. Let me.

[0098] Downstream of the second splitter zone 122 is a first bladder zone 126, a second bladder zone 130, a first vent zone 134, and a second vent zone 138. In particular, the first exit passage 274 fluidly communicates with the first bladder 126 and the first vent zone 134. Similarly, the second exit passage 278 is fluidly connected to the second bladder zone 130 and the second vent zone 138. The first bladder zone 126 includes a passage 314 having two opposing walls 318 and a first bladder connector 46B. Similarly, the second bladder zone 130 includes a passage 322 with two opposing walls 326 and a second bladder connector 46C. The first vent zone 134 includes a passage 330 with two curved walls 334 and a first vent 70. Similarly, the second vent zone 138 includes a passage 338 with two curved walls 342 and a second vent 74. The first vent 70 defines the first vent diameter 346 and the second vent 74 defines the second vent diameter 350.

[0099] With reference to FIGS. 7, 8 and 10, the feedback zone 142 includes a feedback passage 351 including two curved walls 352. The feedback passage 254 is in fluid communication with the passage 338 of the second vent zone 138 and is in fluid communication with the transfer passage 288 of the first transfer zone 106. As described in more detail below, the feedback zone 142 provides a passive method of switching airflow from the second subsystem 90 to the third subsystem 94.

[00100] The third subsystem 94 is similar to the second subsystem 90. In some embodiments, the third subsystem 94 is the same (ie, identical) as the second subsystem 90. Downstream of the second transfer zone 110 is the entrance zone 118 of the third subsystem 94. With reference to FIG. 9, the transfer passage 246 is in fluid communication with the inlet passage 354 defining the air flow axis 358. The inlet passage 354 narrows to the nozzle 362, which is narrower than the nozzle 182. In particular, the nozzle 362 defines a nozzle width dimension 366 that is smaller than the nozzle width 190. The nozzle width dimension 366 is equal to or smaller than the nozzle width 190 at a magnification in the range of about 100% to about 50%.

Downstream of nozzle 362 is a third splitter zone 146. The third splitter zone 146 includes an air splitter 370, a first outlet passage 374, a second outlet passage 378, and a notch 382. The air splitter 370 is located at a distance 384 from about 2.0 mm to about 3.0 mm from the nozzle 362. In some embodiments, the distance 384 is equal to about four times the nozzle width 366. The air splitter 370 is curved and defines at least one radius 386. Like the air splitter 270, the air splitter 370 can be either concave or convex. Specifically, the air splitter 370 includes a center point 390 aligned with the inlet airflow axis 358. The first exit passage 374 includes a first wall 394, and the second exit passage 378 includes a second wall 398 located on the opposite side of the first wall 394. The first wall 394 is tilted with respect to the inlet airflow axis 358 to define a first angle 402. Similarly, the second wall 398 tilts with respect to the inlet airflow axis 358 to define a second angle 406. Both the first angle 402 and the second angle 406 are in the range of about 15 degrees to about 25 degrees. In some embodiments, the first angle 402 is equal to the second angle 406.

[00102] The notch 382 is arranged upstream of the first exit passage 374. More specifically, the notch 382 is arranged between the nozzle 362 and the first wall 394. In other words, the notch 382 replaces part of the first wall 394. The notch 382 defines a dimension 410 within the range of about 0.025 mm to about 0.5 mm. As described in more detail below, the notch 382 deflects the airflow from the nozzle 362 to first flow through the first outlet passage 374 before flowing through the second outlet passage 378. Let me.

[00103] Downstream of the third splitter zone 146 is a third bladder zone 150, a fourth bladder zone 154, a third vent zone 158, and a fourth vent zone 162. In particular, the first exit passage 374 fluidly communicates with the third bladder zone 374 and the third vent zone 158. Similarly, the second exit passage 378 fluidly communicates with the fourth bladder zone 154 and the fourth vent zone 162. The third bladder zone 150 includes a passage 414 with two opposing walls 418 and a third bladder connector 46D. Similarly, the fourth bladder zone 154 includes a passage 422 with two opposing walls 426 and a fourth bladder connector 46E. The third vent zone 158 includes a passage 430 with two curved walls 434 and a third vent 78. Similarly, the fourth vent zone 162 includes a passage 438 with two curved walls 442 and a fourth vent 82. The third vent 78 defines a third vent diameter 446 and the fourth vent 82 defines a fourth vent diameter 450.

[00104] The feedback zone 166 includes a feedback passage 451 including two curved walls 452. The feedback passage 451 is in fluid communication with the passage 438 of the fourth vent zone 162 and is in fluid communication with the transfer passage 246 of the second transfer zone 110. As described in more detail below, feedback zone 166 provides a passive method of switching airflow from a third subsystem 94 to a second subsystem 90.

[00105] During operation, the pump 14 provides a source of pressurized air to the air connector 46A. The air passage 54 passively controls the source of pressurized air to periodically and continuously expand and contract the bladder 18, 22, 26, 30. In other words, the air passage 54 expands and contracts each bladder 18, 22, 26, 30 in a predetermined sequence without additional electrical or mechanical valves, switches, or other external controls. In the illustrated embodiment, the predetermined sequence is to inflate each of the bladder 18, 22, 26, 30 rather than all at once (ie, inflate the first bladder first, then the second bladder. Inflate and then inflate a third bladder, etc.). ).

[00106] With reference to FIG. 11A, the pressurized air from the pump 14 is received by the fluid switching module 34 and enters the inlet passage 170 of the air passage 54. The pressure in the inlet passage 170 (ie, the inlet pressure) determines the maximum output pressure and output flow rate possible for the bladder 18, 22, 26, 30. As the inlet passage 170 narrows to form the nozzle 182, the air flow accelerates. If the air velocity is too high, excessive turbulence will occur, reducing the operation and stability of the module 34.

[00107] When the pressurized air exits the nozzle 182, the airflow contacts the first air splitter 194. The first splitter 194 splits the air flow between one of the two outlet passages 198, 202. First, entrainment of ambient air develops a low pressure field along both adjacent sloping walls 218 and 222. However, the low pressure fields that develop along both the adjacent sloping walls 218 and 222 differ as a result of the notch 206 in the first wall 218. In particular, the low pressure field along the first wall 218 is stronger than the low pressure field along the second wall 222. The difference in the low pressure field deflects the airflow towards the first wall 218 with the bias notch 206 and the corresponding first outlet passage 198. The physical phenomenon that attracts airflow to one of the two walls 218 and 222 is known as the Coanda effect. The Coanda effect is the property that a jet of fluid coming out of an orifice (eg, nozzle 182) follows an adjacent flat or curved surface (eg, wall 218) and is accompanied by fluid from the surroundings. Thus, the air flow first flows from the first air splitter 194 to the second subsystem 90. The angles 226, 230 of the walls 218 and 222 (FIG. 7) with respect to the airflow centerline 174 are designed to control the strength of the low pressure field and the point at which the airflow is attracted to the downstream walls 218 and 222.

[00108] With reference to FIG. 11A, as the air flow travels through the transfer passage 238, the air flow first draws in more air inflow through the feedback passage 351 due to the Venturi effect. Specifically, additional airflow is drawn from the vent 74 into the transfer aisle 238. However, when the transfer passage 238 reaches about 15% to about 25% of the input pressure at the nozzle 182, the airflow through the feedback passage 351 backflows towards the vent 74. In other words, the air flow through the transfer passage 238 first produces a Venturi effect, and further air through the feedback passage 351 until the pressure in the transfer passage 238 reaches a threshold (eg, about 28% of the inlet pressure). Pull in the flow. Such variable directional airflow is shown in FIG. 11A as a double-sided arrow (ie, first flowing towards the transfer passage 238 and then towards the second vent passage 338). The transfer passage 238 reaches about 40% to about 60% of the input pressure and is temporarily stable, providing the second subsystem 90 with a temporarily stable inlet pressure.

[00109] With reference to FIG. 11A, the second air splitter 270 of the second subsystem 90 operates in much the same manner as the first air splitter 194 of the first subsystem 86. In particular, the entrainment of ambient air develops low pressure fields along both adjacent sloping walls 294 and 298. The bias notch 282 creates a difference between the low pressure fields and the airflow from the nozzle 262 is deflected towards the sloping wall 294 and the first outlet passage 274. In other words, a stronger low pressure region is formed on the wall 294 with the notch 282 and deflects the airflow in that direction. As mentioned above, the Coanda effect causes wall attraction, directing airflow to the first bladder output passage 314 and inflating the first bladder 18.

[00110] When the first bladder 18 begins to expand, additional air is drawn from the first vent passage 330 into the first bladder passage 314 due to the Venturi effect. Further airflow from the vent 70 due to the Venturi effect increases the airflow in the passage 314 from about 1.0 to about 1.1 times. When the first bladder 18 reaches about 50% of the maximum pressure, the air flow in the first vent passage 330 is reversed. Such an air flow through the first vent passage 330 is shown in FIG. 11A as a double-sided arrow. The first bladder 18 reaches the maximum pressure at about one-third of the input pressure. When the first bladder 18 reaches the maximum pressure, the airflow at the second air splitter 270 is deflected and the airflow is the second output passage 278 and the second bladder passage corresponding to the second bladder 22. Switch to 322.

[00111] With reference to FIG. 11B, the back pressure from the expanded first bladder 18 switches and deflects the airflow in the second air splitter 270 towards the second outlet passage 278. As shown in FIG. 11B, the first bladder 18 begins to contract through the first vent passage 330 and the first vent 70, and the second bladder 22 begins to expand. When the second bladder 22 expands, feedback to the first subsystem 86 occurs through an increase in pressure in the feedback passage 351 connected between the second vent passage 338 and the first transfer passage 238. .. When the second bladder 22 reaches about 35% to about 50% of the input pressure, the pressure in the feedback passage 351 switches the air flow in the first air splitter 194 towards the second outlet passage 202. It will be high enough to deflect. In other words, when the pressure in the second bladder 22 reaches the threshold, the pressure feedback through the feedback passage 351 causes the air flow in the first air splitter 194 to correspond to the third subsystem 94. It is deflected to the output passage 202 and switched.

[00112] With reference to FIG. 11C, both the first bladder 18 and the second bladder 22 contract (indicated by the dashed arrow) and the airflow is deflected by the first air splitter 194. It travels through the transfer passage 110 towards the third subsystem 94. As the air flows through the transfer passage 110, due to the Venturi effect, the air flow first draws in more air inflow through the feedback passage 451. However, when the transfer passage 246 reaches about 15% to about 25% of the input pressure, the airflow through the feedback passage 451 flows back toward the vent 82. In other words, the airflow through the transfer passage 246 first produces a Venturi effect, drawing in more airflow through the feedback passage 451 until the pressure in the transfer passage 246 reaches a threshold. Such a variable air flow is shown in FIG. 11C as a double-sided arrow (ie, first flowing towards the transfer passage 246 and then towards the fourth vent passage 438). The transfer passage 246 reaches about 40% to about 60% of the input pressure and is temporarily stable, providing the third subsystem 94 with a temporarily stable inlet pressure.

[00113] With reference to FIG. 11C, the third air splitter 370 of the third subsystem 94 operates in much the same manner as the second air splitter 270 of the second subsystem 90. In particular, the entrainment of ambient air develops low pressure fields along both adjacent sloping walls 394,398. The bias notch 382 creates a difference between the low pressure fields and the airflow from the nozzle 362 is deflected towards the sloping wall 394 and the first outlet passage 374. In other words, a stronger low pressure region is formed on the wall 394 with the notch 382 and deflects the airflow in that direction. As mentioned above, the Coanda effect causes wall mounting, directing airflow to the third bladder output passage 414 and inflating the third bladder 26.

[00114] When the third bladder 26 begins to expand, additional air is drawn from the third vent passage 430 into the third bladder passage 414 due to the Venturi effect. Further airflow from the third vent 78 due to the Venturi effect increases the airflow in the passage 414 by about 1.0 to about 1.1 times. When the third bladder 26 reaches about 50% of the maximum pressure, the air flow in the third vent passage 430 is reversed. Such an air flow through the third vent passage 430 is shown in FIG. 11C as a double-sided arrow. The third bladder 26 reaches the maximum pressure at about one-third of the input pressure. When the third bladder 26 reaches the maximum pressure, the airflow at the third air splitter 370 is deflected and the airflow is directed to the second output channel 378 and the fourth bladder passage corresponding to the fourth bladder 30. Switch to 422.

[00115] With reference to FIG. 11D, the back pressure from the third bladder 26 deflects the airflow at the third air splitter 370 towards the second outlet passage 378. As shown in FIG. 11D, the third bladder 26 contracts through the third vent 78 and the fourth bladder 30 expands. When the fourth bladder 30 expands, feedback to the first subsystem 86 occurs through an increase in pressure in the feedback passage 451 connected between the fourth vent passage 438 and the second transfer passage 246. .. When the fourth bladder 30 reaches about 35% to about 50% of the input pressure, the pressure in the feedback passage 451 switches the air flow in the first air splitter 194 towards the first outlet passage 198. It will be high enough to flow. In other words, when the pressure in the fourth bladder 30 reaches the threshold, the feedback through the feedback passage 451 deflects the airflow in the first air splitter 194 and corresponds to the second subsystem 90. It is switched to the output channel 198 of 1.

[00116] With reference to FIG. 11E, the operation of the fluid module 34 initiates another cycle of expansion and contraction of the bladder 18, 22, 26, 30. In particular, the condition shown in FIG. 11E is similar to the condition shown in FIG. 11A and the airflow is biased to inflate the first bladder 18. However, FIG. 11E differs in that the remaining bladder 22, 26, 30 contract while the first bladder 18 expands. Expansion and contraction of the bladder 18, 22, 26, 30 continues as long as the inlet pressure is provided to the air connector 46A. In other words, the periodic expansion and contraction of the bladder 18, 22, 26, 30 is repeated indefinitely in a predetermined sequence until the pressurized air source 14 is turned off. Thus, the fluid module 34 provides a predetermined sequence of continuous massage effects via expansion and contraction of the bladder 18, 22, 26, 30 when pressurized air is supplied to the inlet connector 46A. ..

[00117] In contrast, conventional pneumatic massage systems for automotive seats use pneumatic pumps that supply pressurized air to electromechanical valve modules that control the massage sequence and cycle time according to a predetermined massage program. Each independent bladder requires a separate electromechanical valve within the module to control expansion and contraction. A basic massage system typically has 3 bladder, while a high-end massage system has up to 20 bladder. Due to the complexity and electronics required to control them, the cost of electromechanical modules is high. This makes it difficult, for example, to equip low-priced vehicles with massage. In other words, the design of the prior art is very complex and includes modules that require communication with the vehicle's electronic system, increasing development and manufacturing costs.

[00118] The fluid module 34, in an advantageous manner, does not rely on the use of electronic devices or moving mechanical parts for same or control. This improves the reliability, reproducibility, and cost efficiency of the module 34. A defined massage sequence (ie, periodic expansion / contraction of bladder 18, 22, 26, 30) is a cascade vent fluid amplifier biased to follow a defined sequence or sequence (ie, subsystems 86, 90). , 944). The sequence is further defined by the use of feedback zones 146 and 166, which facilitate switching of airflow at a predetermined static pressure. The vented fluid amplifier has been selected to eliminate sensitivity to erroneous switching under load and also provide the additional benefit of providing a passage for automatic contraction when the operation of the pneumatic system 10 is complete. There is.

[00119] FIGS. 12A-19 show exemplary bladder subassemblies 500a-500k that can be used in conjunction with the pneumatic system 10 of FIG. 1 to inflate in a sequence controlled by regulator 36 and fluid module 34. For example, each of the bladder 18, 22, 26, 30 may be part of a particular bladder subassembly 500a-500k having a multipart or multisector bladder configuration in the illustrated embodiment. Therefore, each bladder subassembly 500a-500k can be described as a multi-chamber bladder or a plurality of bladder.

[00120] FIG. 12A shows a bladder subassembly 500a according to one embodiment. The bladder subassembly 500a includes a body 506 with two air chambers 508 separated by a weld 520. The air chamber 508, in the illustrated embodiment, has generally equal volumes. Alternatively, the chamber 508 may have different volumes. The passage 532 extends from each chamber 508 and provides a path for the flow of fluid in and out of each chamber 508. In the illustrated embodiment, the body 506 is made of a flexible polymer film. For example, the body 506 can be made of polypropylene, polyethylene, nylon, PVC, EVA, or any other airtight, flexible, and reasonably strong material. The weld 520 can be formed by ultrasonic welding, hot air welding, solvent bonding, or any other process suitable for permanently fusing portions of the body 506 to form an airtight chamber 508.

[00121] FIG. 12B shows a bladder subassembly 500b according to another embodiment. The bladder subassembly 500b is similar to the bladder subassembly 500a, but includes a body 506 with three air chambers 508, each generally having the same volume. The air chambers 508 are evenly spaced in the circumferential direction of the bladder subassembly 500b. Alternatively, the chamber 508 may have different volumes.

[00122] FIG. 12C shows a bladder subassembly 500c according to another embodiment. The bladder subassembly 500c is similar to the bladder subassemblies 500a, 500b, but includes a body 506 with four air chambers 508, each generally having the same volume. The air chambers 508 are evenly spaced in the circumferential direction of the bladder subassembly 500c. Alternatively, the chamber 508 may have different volumes.

[00123] FIG. 13A shows a bladder subassembly 500d according to another embodiment. The bladder subassembly 500d is similar to the bladder subassemblies 500a, 500b, 500c, but includes a body 506 with five air chambers 508, each generally having the same volume. The air chambers 508 are evenly spaced in the circumferential direction of the bladder subassembly 500d. Alternatively, the chamber 508 may have different volumes.

[00124] FIG. 13B shows a bladder subassembly 500e according to another embodiment. The bladder subassembly 500e is similar to the bladder subassemblies 500a, 500b, 500c, 500d, but includes a body 506 with six air chambers 508, each generally having the same volume. The air chambers 508 are evenly spaced in the circumferential direction of the bladder subassembly 500e. Alternatively, the chamber 508 may have different volumes.

[00125] Thus, the pneumatic system 10 can be configured to provide two, three, four, five, six, or more air chamber patterns or circuits for a particular application. It is clear that it can be circular or rotational patterns (eg, FIG. 22; FIG. 24). However, other non-circular patterns and other multipart or multisector or arrangement bladder configurations are also within the scope of the invention (ie, two, three, four, five shown in FIGS. 12A-13B). , Or a six-sector circular design is not limited). Further, the pneumatic system 10 may also include one or more single chamber bladder (ie, bladder not divided to form multiple parts or sectors). Any number and combination of bladder subassemblies 500a-500e, as well as other bladder or bladder subassemblies including additional bladder subassemblies described below, may be part of the pneumatic system 10.

[00126] FIG. 14 shows a bladder subassembly 500f. Each of the bladder subassemblies 500f includes a body 506 with a plurality of air chambers 508 and a bladder support backing 512 adjacent to the body 506 on one side. The bladder support backing 512 is made of a rigid or semi-rigid material such as plastic or rigid felt. In the illustrated embodiment, each support backing 512 has a square shape, but the support backing 512 may have various other shapes (eg, circular, oval, rectangular, etc.). The support backing 512 can be attached to the air chamber 508 in a variety of different ways, including but not limited to adhesives, mechanical fasteners (eg, staples), and ultrasonic welding. The bladder support backing 512 has planes in adjacent contact with each of the air chambers 508 and distributes the pressure generated by inflating each air chamber 508 over a large contact area behind the air chambers 508. This can be particularly advantageous when the bladder subassembly 500h is placed in or within a yielding material such as a foam seat cushion. The bladder support backing 512 prevents the bladder subassembly 500f, which tends to reduce the strength of the massage effect felt by the user, from sinking into the yielding material.

[00127] FIG. 15 shows 500 g of bladder subassembly. Each of the bladder subassemblies 500 g includes a body 506 with a plurality of air chambers 508 and a pressure transfer member 516 located in front of the air chambers 508. By straddling all air chambers 508, the pressure transfer member 516 is configured to smoothly apply the pressure as each air chamber 508 expands continuously (eg, in an alternating or circular pattern). To. The pressure transfer member 516 can be made of a rigid material (eg, plastic) or a semi-rigid material (eg, rigid felt). In the illustrated embodiment, the pressure transmission member 516 is configured as a circular flat plate. The maximum dimension (ie, diameter) of the pressure transfer member 516 is smaller than the maximum dimension of the air chamber 508 in the illustrated embodiment. In particular, the pressure transfer member 516 extends slightly beyond the expanded vertices of each air chamber 508.

[00128] The pressure transfer member 516 can be attached to the air chamber 508 in a variety of different ways, including but not limited to adhesives, mechanical fasteners, and ultrasonic welding. The shape, material, relative size, and position of the pressure transfer member 516 can be varied to provide the desired feel. In the illustrated embodiment, each of the bladder subassemblies 500g comprises both a pressure transfer member 516 and a bladder support backing 512, whereby the air chamber 508 is placed between the pressure transfer member 516 and the bladder support backing 512. Sandwiched. In another embodiment, the bladder subassembly 500g may be free of support backing 512.

[00129] FIG. 16 shows a bladder subassembly 500h in which welds 520 between adjacent air chambers 508 are separated. For example, in some embodiments, the weld 520 may be cut along their length after the weld 520 is formed. This allows for greater bending and displacement of each air chamber 508 with respect to each other. The air chamber 508 remains interconnected at the central hub 524.

[00130] FIG. 17 shows a bladder subassembly 500i similar to the bladder subassembly 500h with a separated weld 520. The separated welds 520 allow the air chambers 508 of the bladder subassembly 500i to be arranged so that they slightly overlap. The overlapping arrangement may provide an improved and more continuous feel, for example, when the air chamber 508 of the bladder subassembly 500i expands in a circular continuous pattern.

[00131] FIG. 18 shows a bladder subassembly 500j that includes two stacked multisector bladder subassemblies 528a and 528b, such as any of the bladder subassemblies 500a-i described above. In the illustrated embodiment, the inlets 532 of each bladder subassembly 528a, 528b to each air chamber 508 are grouped in pairs and fluidized together by a Y-joint 536. In other embodiments, the inlet 532 may be coupled together by other fittings or fluid transfer components. Thus, each air chamber 508 of the bladder subassembly 528a has a corresponding air chamber 508 in the bladder subassembly 582b that expands and contracts all at once. Therefore, the stacked structure of the bladder subassembly 500j may provide greater expansion, i.e., greater massage pressure to the user's body.

[00132] FIG. 19 shows a bladder subassembly 500k containing a body 506 with six air chambers or sectors 508a, 508b, 508c. In some embodiments, each of the air chambers 508a, 508b, 508c can in turn be individually expanded and contracted to produce a rotational massage effect. In the illustrated embodiment (FIG. 20), the opposing air chambers 508a, 508b, 508c are connected together in pairs (eg, by a Y fitting or any other suitable fluid transfer configuration) and in turn expand (eg, by means of a Y joint or any other suitable fluid transfer configuration). , 508a) and contraction (eg, 508b, 508c) to produce a double pressure point rotation passage effect.

[00133] In some embodiments, the plurality of bladder subassemblies (eg, 18, 22, 26, 30, 500a-500k) may be arranged in an array or group as part of the pneumatic system 10. As described in more detail below, the pneumatic system 10 controls the bladder (eg, 18, 22, 26, 30, 500a-500k) to produce translational or undulating (including circular) pressure patterns. Provides a variety of different massage effects, including.

[00134] FIGS. 20 and 21 show a seating system 600 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which incorporates the features and embodiments of the pneumatic system 10 described above. The illustrated seat system 600 includes a seat back or upper portion 611, a seat or lower portion 613, and a footrest 670. In the illustrated embodiment, the pneumatic system 10 is integrated into the upper portion 611, the lower portion 613, and the fluffy rest 670, respectively. In other embodiments, the pneumatic system 10 may be integrated into only one or two of the upper portion 611, the lower portion 613, and the footrest 670.

[00135] The illustrated seating system 600 is configured as a reclining massage chair. Such a seat system 600 includes a fixed base 614. The upper portion 611, the lower portion 613, and the footrest 670 are movable with respect to the base 614 between the upright position (not shown) and the reclining position (FIGS. 20 and 21), respectively, and are optional. It is possible to move to multiple intermediate positions between the upright position and the reclining position. The relative positions of the upper portion 611, the lower portion 613 and the footrest 670 may be adjusted together (eg, as part of a predetermined reclining operation) or individually (eg, in response to user input).

[00136] It should be understood that the pneumatic system 10 in the illustrated seat system 600 is only one of the possible uses of the disclosed pneumatic system 10. Other uses include any transport-related seats or rest products for drivers or passengers, non-automotive applications not limited to aircraft or train seats, and residential and commercial (office) furniture. , Bedding, and other products for which a comfortable massage effect on any part of them is desired.

[00137] The illustrated pneumatic system 10 includes four sets of bladder 630a, 630b, 630c, 630d in the upper portion 611 and one set of bladder 630e in the lower portion 613. With reference to FIG. 21, the first set of bladder 630a (ie, shoulder bladder 630a) is located in the shoulder region of the upper portion 611. A second set of bladder 630b (ie, upper back bladder 630b) is located in the upper back region of the seat back 612. A third set of bladder 630c (ie, bolster bladder 630c) is placed in the bolster or side area of the upper portion 611. A fourth set of bladder 630d (ie, lumbar bladder 630d) is located in the lumbar or pelvic region of the upper portion 611. With reference to FIG. 21, a fifth set of bladder 630e (ie, seat bladder 530e) is located in the lower portion 613 of the seat system 600. The bladder 630a-e is located behind the support surface (not shown) of the seating system 600 and provides at least partial support for the occupants. As described above, the bladder 630a to e are configured to give a massage effect to the occupant through the support surface.

[00138] It will be appreciated that the number and placement of bladder in the upper and lower parts 611, 613 of the seating system 600 can vary. However, the set of bladder 630a-e should be anatomically aligned with the user's body characteristics, and preferably with the user's body characteristics that the user feels tense when in the sitting position. Be placed. The following description will primarily focus on the illustrated embodiments of the set of bladder 630a-e, but any features and elements of the above bladder subassemblies 500a-k may be incorporated into the set of bladder 630a-e. Please understand that you can.

[00139] FIGS. 22 and 23 show the lumbar bladder 630d. In particular, the set of lumbar bladder 630d illustrated includes an array of bladder 634 facing the user in six multi-segments arranged in 3 rows and 2 columns. Fluid switching modules 34a, 34b, 34c are associated with each row of lumbar bladder 630d. The fluid switching modules 34a, 34b, 34c guide air from the air source 14 and provide the user with a circular pressure pattern or massage effect applied to the user's waist by the arrangement and timing of the disclosed system 10. (Fig. 22). For example, the fluid switching modules 34a, 34b, 34c direct air from the air source 14 to inflate the first bladder 1, then inflate the second bladder 2 while contracting the first bladder 1, and then the second bladder 2. The third bladder 3 may be expanded while contracting the second bladder 2, and then the first bladder 1 may be expanded while contracting the third bladder 3, and so on. The bladder 634 facing the user in each row can simultaneously create a circular pressure pattern in opposite directions of rotation 635a, 635b to generate the sensation of inward rotation or outward rotation. (Fig. 22).

[00140] With reference to FIG. 24, in some embodiments, the set of waist bladder 630d further comprises a strength bladder 636 placed behind the bladder 634 facing the user. In the illustrated embodiment, three strength bladder 636s are provided (one for each row of waist bladder 630d). The strength bladder 636 is coupled to the air source 14 separately from the fluid switching module 34 so that it can be controlled independently of the bladder 634 facing the user (FIG. 25). The strength bladder 636 can be inflated to provide the user with additional strength or pushing force to enhance the feel created by the bladder 634 facing the user. In some embodiments, the intensity bladder 636 may be controlled in a continuous pattern to produce a translational effect independently of or in combination with the circular pressure pattern of the bladder 634 facing the user. In some embodiments, the strength bladder 636 can be used as a lumbar support mechanism for the seating system 600.

[00141] FIGS. 26 and 27 show the upper back bladder 630b. In particular, the set of upper back bladder 630b illustrated includes an array of bladder 640 facing the user in 12 single chambers arranged in 6 rows and 2 columns (FIG. 26). In the illustrated embodiment, each row of bladder 640 facing the user is fluid-coupled together to expand and contract as a pair. Each line of bladder 640 facing the user communicates with the fluid switching module 34, which guides the air from the air source 14, and by the arrangement and timing of the disclosed system 10, the upper back of the user. Provides the user with a translational pressure pattern applied to (FIG. 27). In the illustrated embodiment, a single fluid switching module 34 with at least 6 outlet ports is used. However, in other embodiments, multiple fluid switching modules 34 with fewer outlet ports may be used. In other embodiments, each of the twelve user facing bladder 640s may be independently controllable.

[00142] With reference to FIG. 26, each of the user-facing bladder 640s has a substantially triangular shape in the illustrated embodiment. In addition, the bladder 640s facing adjacent users in each column are laterally offset from each other. Therefore, in addition to the pressure sensation that translates vertically in the direction of the arrows 637a and 637b, the illustrated arrangement of the bladder 640 facing the user is a horizontal direction that alternates back and forth at the same time as the pressure sensation that moves up and down. It also provides a sense of pressure to translate.

[00143] With reference to FIGS. 28 and 29, in some embodiments, the set of upper back bladder 630b further comprises a strength bladder 644 placed behind the bladder 640 facing the user. In the illustrated embodiment, the intensity bladder 644 is coupled to the air source 14 separately from the fluid switching module 34, whereby it can be controlled independently of the bladder 640 facing the user (FIG. 29). The strength bladder 644 can be inflated to provide the user with additional strength or pushing force to enhance the feel created by the bladder 640 facing the user.

[00144] FIGS. 30 and 31 show a bolster bladder 630c. In particular, the illustrated set of bolster bladder 630c faces the user of 12 single chambers arranged in 6 rows and 2 columns (1 column associated with each bolster in the seatback 612; FIG. 30). Includes an array of. In the illustrated embodiment, each row of bladder 648 facing the user is fluid-coupled together to expand and contract as a pair. Each row of bladder 648 facing the user is associated with a fluid switching module 34, which guides air from the air source 14 and by the arrangement and timing of the disclosed system 10 (FIG. 31) of the user. It provides the user with a translational pressure pattern applied to the lateral back. In the illustrated embodiment, a single fluid switching module 34 with at least 6 outlet ports is used. However, in other embodiments, multiple fluid switching modules 34 with fewer outlet ports may be used. In other embodiments, each of the twelve user facing bladder 648s may be independently controllable.

[00145] The bladder 648 facing the user generally has a triangular shape. In addition, the bladder 648s facing adjacent users in each column are laterally offset from each other. Thus, in addition to the vertical translational pressure sensation (ie, the directions of arrows 639a and 639b), the illustrated arrangement of the bladder 648 facing the user alternates back and forth at the same time as the up and down pressure sensation. It also provides a sense of pressure to translate horizontally.

[00146] The set of illustrated bolster bladder 630c further includes a strength bladder 652 placed behind each row of bladder 648 facing the user. In the illustrated embodiment, the strength bladder 652 is coupled to the air source 14 separately from the fluid switching module 34, which allows it to be controlled independently of the bladder 648 facing the user. The strength bladder 652 can be inflated to provide the user with additional strength or pushing force to enhance the feel created by the bladder 648 facing the user. In other embodiments, the strength bladder 652 may be omitted.

[00147] FIGS. 32 and 33 show the shoulder bladder 630a. In particular, the set of shoulder bladder 630a illustrated includes an array of bladder 656 facing the user in 12 single chambers arranged in 2 rows and 6 columns. In the illustrated embodiment, each row of bladder 656 facing the user is fluid coupled together to expand and contract as a pair. The rows of bladder 656 facing the user are stacked in the front-rear direction of the seat back 612. The stacked structure may provide greater extension, and thus greater massage pressure, to the user's shoulders. The user-facing bladder 656 generally has a rectangular or elongated shape. In the illustrated embodiment, the rows of bladder 656 facing the user are divided into two horizontal groups of three rows, each corresponding to the user's left and right shoulders and 2 for the user's neck. There is a gap between the two groups.

[00148] Each row of bladder 656 facing the user is associated with a fluid switching module 34, which guides air from the air source 14 and, depending on its arrangement and timing, adds to the user's shoulders. Provides the user with a translational pressure pattern that can be achieved. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the bladder 656 facing the user may be controlled in a cycle comprising an inward translational sensation with respect to the user's shoulder followed by an outward translational sensation and vice versa.

[00149] With reference to FIGS. 34 and 35, in some embodiments, the set of shoulder bladder 630a further comprises a strength bladder 660 placed behind each lateral group of bladder 656 facing the user. In the illustrated embodiment, the intensity bladder 660 is coupled to the air source 14 separately from the fluid switching module 34, whereby it can be controlled independently of the bladder 656 facing the user. The strength bladder 660 can be inflated to provide the user with additional strength or pushing force to enhance the feel created by the bladder 656 facing the user.

[00150] With reference to FIG. 21, the bladder 630e on the lower portion 613 of the seating system 600, in placement and operation, is described above with reference to FIGS. 22-35 and the above bladder 630a-d and / or strength. It can be similar to bladder 636, 660.

[00151] FIG. 36 shows the footrest assembly 670 of the seat system 600. The footrest assembly 670 includes a first and second set of paddle actuators 674a, 674b. Each of the paddle actuators 674a, 674b contains one or more bladder (not shown) and moves the paddle actuators 674a, 674b inward and outward to provide an upward or downward compression effect on the user's calf. Can be controlled to do so. One or more additional bladder (not shown) that may resemble the above bladder 630a-d or strength bladder 636, 660 is behind the support surface 675 of the footrest assembly 670 between each set of paddle actuators 674a, 674b. May be placed in. In such embodiments, the additional bladder provides a translational or kneading effect along the user's calf.

[00152] FIGS. 37-39 show the seating system 600'according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, which incorporates the features and embodiments of the pneumatic system 10 described above. The illustrated seat system 600'is, for example, a vehicle seat system configured for use as a driver's seat or passenger's seat in an automobile. The seat system 600'is similar to the seat system 600 described above, with the same reference number with the prime symbol (') added to the features and elements of the seat system 600' corresponding to the features and elements of the seat system 600. Is attached. Further, the description below focuses primarily on the differences between the seat system 600'and the seat system 600.

[00153] With reference to FIG. 37, the seat system 600'includes an upper portion or a seat back 611'. The pneumatic system 10 is integrated into the upper portion 611'. Although not shown in FIG. 37, the seat system 600'also includes a lower portion or seat that may also include components of the pneumatic system 10. The illustrated pneumatic system 10 includes two sets of bladder 630b'(ie, upper back bladder) and 630d'(ie, waist bladder) in the upper portion 611'. The upper back bladder 630b'is located in the upper back region of the upper portion 611'. The lumbar bladder 630d'is located in the lumbar or pelvic region of the upper portion 611'.

[00154] With reference to FIGS. 38 and 39, the waist bladder 630d'is located either anterior (FIG. 38) or posterior (FIG. 39) of the support material 641'of the upper portion 611'of the seat system 600'. Includes bladder 634'facing the user to get. Support material 641'can include, for example, foam, wire grids, flexmats, or any other support material that can be used in seating systems. In the illustrated embodiment, the set of waist bladder 630d' further includes a strength bladder 636'positioned behind the bladder 634' facing the user. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 38, the strength bladder 636'and the user-facing bladder 634' are on opposite sides of the support material 641'. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 39, both the strength bladder 636'and the user-facing bladder 634' are located behind the support material 641'. The strength bladder 636'can be inflated to provide the user with additional strength or pushing force to enhance the feel created by the bladder 634' facing the user.

[00155] With reference to FIG. 40, the pneumatic system 10 of the seating system 600'is coupled to each of the bladder 634s facing the plurality of users in order to direct air from the pressurized air source 14 to each bladder 634'. Also includes a fluid switching module 34. The strength bladder 636'is coupled to the pressurized air source 14 separately from the fluid switching module 34. In the illustrated embodiment, a valve module 35 is provided that allows individual control of each of the strength bladder 636'. In some embodiments, the intensity bladder 636'may be controlled in a continuous pattern to produce a translational effect independently of or in combination with the circular pressure pattern of the bladder 634' facing the user. .. In some embodiments, the strength bladder 636'can be used as a lumbar support mechanism for the sitting system 600'.

[00156] FIGS. 41-46 show exemplary pneumatic control schemes for operating a pneumatic system 10 with a plurality of fluid switching modules 34.

[00157] With reference to FIG. 41, in the first embodiment, an adjusting device 36 in the form of an air directional valve 36 is arranged between the pneumatic source 14 and the two fluid switching modules 34a, 34b. The exhaust lines 704a and 704b connect the fluid switching modules 34a and 34b to the air direction valve 36, respectively. During operation, the pressure from the air source 14 is directed by the valve 36 to the first fluid switching module 34a and a plurality of bladder 708s (discussed herein) as described above with reference to FIGS. 11A-E. Provides air that in turn inflates (such as one of the bladder). After inflating the last of the plurality of bladder 708s, the first fluid switching module 34a exhausts air to the valve 36 through the exhaust line 704a. This activates the valve 36 in the second position and then directs air from the air source 14 to the second fluid switching module 34b. The second fluid switching module 34b provides air for sequentially expanding the second plurality of bladder 712s, and then exhausts the air to the valve 36 through the exhaust line 704b. This causes the valve 36 to operate and return to the starting position, repeating the process.

[00158] In another embodiment, the exhaust lines 704a, 704b are replaced by feedback lines. The feedback line functions the same as the exhaust lines 704a, 704b, but does not move much air from the associated fluid switching modules 34a, 34b. Alternatively, the fluid switching modules 34a, 34b may expel air along other channels.

[00159] FIG. 42 shows a pneumatic control method according to another embodiment similar to the embodiment described above with reference to FIG. 41. However, the pneumatic valve 36 has been replaced by one or more electronically actuated valves 36'. In the illustrated embodiment, a separate bladder 715 (such as one of the strength bladder described above) is also in fluid communication with the solenoid actuated valve.

[00160] FIGS. 43-46 show a pneumatic control scheme according to another embodiment similar to the embodiments described and illustrated above with reference to FIGS. 41 and 42. However, in the illustrated embodiment, the three fluid switching modules 34a, 34b, 34c are coupled to the pneumatic source 14 in series via the two regulators 36a, 36b.

[00161] In particular, each of the fluid switching modules 34a, 34b, 34c includes exhaust lines 704a, 704b, 704c, respectively. The first exhaust line 704a and the third exhaust line 704c are coupled to the first regulator 36a, and the second exhaust line 704b is coupled to the second regulator 36a.

[00162] During operation, with reference to FIG. 43, the pressure from the air source 14 is directed by the first regulator 36a to the first fluid switching module 34a, as described above with reference to FIGS. 11A-E. As such, it provides air that sequentially inflates a plurality of bladder 708s, such as any of the bladder described herein. After inflating the last of the plurality of bladder 708s, the first fluid switching module 34a expels air through the exhaust line 704a to the first regulator 36a. This activates the regulator 36a to a second position (FIG. 44), which then directs air from the air source 14 to the second fluid switching module 34b. The second fluid switching module 34b provides air for sequentially expanding the second plurality of bladder 712s, and then discharges the air to the second regulator 36b through the exhaust line 704b. This activates the second regulator 36b to the second position (FIG. 45) and then directs air from the air source 14 to the third fluid switching module 34c. The third fluid switching module 34c provides air for sequentially expanding the third plurality of bladder 716s and exhausts the air through the third exhaust line 704c. As a result, the first adjusting device 36a is activated to return to the first position (FIG. 46), and the process is repeated.

[00163] As will be apparent from the above exemplary embodiments, the plurality of fluid switching modules 34 may be coupled in series using one or more regulators 36 to any desired number of bladder and. The continuous expansion and contraction of the arrangement can be controlled.

[00164] In each of the above examples, the pneumatic system 10 can be operated to allow the occupant to sense a translational or undulating (including circular) pressure pattern, depending on the arrangement and timing of the disclosed system. This pattern is not one of "poking" or "tapping" patterns, but is pre-programmed into the system and in response to the presence of seat occupants (eg, perceived pressure load and then occupant size, weight, and occupant size, weight, and Automatically changeable based on location) or fully user-determinable and adjustable in real time (associated with local or "intelligent" control systems and controllable via smartphones and other application-based technologies) There may be. This sequential massage function may be configured so that the massage effect continues until the pressurized air source is exhausted.

[00165] The pattern is not limited to an iterative and constant sequence. In some applications the massage cycle may be stable and continuous, but in other applications the cycle is discontinuous for all or part of the interaction with the user's seating surface. , Can be even more random. Discontinuity or randomness may be based on differences in expansion / contraction time or velocity between specific chambers (adjacent or non-adjacent) due to differences in duration between chambers. As an example, the first alternating chamber may be inflated to maximum expansion for 2 seconds and the second alternating chamber may be inflated to maximum expansion for 1 second. Variations may be realized via a flow restrictor or regulator of a particular flow conduit (supply or exhaust). As mentioned above, these differences may be automatically pre-programmed into the system or may be user adjustable.

[00166] Various features and aspects of the present disclosure are described in the claims.

Claims (20)

Pneumatic massage system
Pressurized air source and
A fluid switching module that communicates with the pressurized air source,
A first bladder in contact with the fluid switching module,
A second bladder in contact with the fluid switching module,
A third bladder in contact with the fluid switching module,
Equipped with
The fluid switching module is
A first subsystem, having a first air splitter in fluid communication with the pressurized air source, as well as a first outlet and a second outlet, wherein the first air splitter is the first. Airflow towards the first outlet depending on the uneven air pressure field created between the first and second outlets by the first static airflow bias function formed in one air splitter. The first subsystem, which is configured to deflect
A second subsystem having a second air splitter that fluidly communicates downstream of the first outlet to receive airflow from the first air splitter, wherein the second air splitter is a second subsystem. A second static air flow bias function formed in the second air splitter, including a third outlet that fluidly communicates with the first bladder and a fourth outlet that fluidly communicates with the second bladder. A second subsystem configured to deflect the air flow towards the third outlet according to the non-uniform pneumatic field produced by.
A third subsystem that communicates fluidly with the first air splitter through the second outlet and receives airflow from the first air splitter, in fluid communication with the third bladder. A third subsystem, including 5 exits,
When the first bladder reaches a first threshold air pressure sufficient to generate the first pressure feedback, the second subsystem moves from the third outlet to the fourth outlet. It is configured to switch and deflect the air flow toward it to expand the second bladder and contract the first bladder.
When the second bladder reaches a second threshold air pressure sufficient to generate a second pressure feedback, the first subsystem moves from the first outlet to the second outlet. It is configured to switch and deflect the airflow towards it to contract the second bladder and inflate the third bladder through the third subsystem.
When the third bladder reaches a third threshold air pressure sufficient to generate a third pressure feedback, the first subsystem moves from the second outlet to the first outlet. It is configured to switch and deflect the airflow toward the first bladder to expand and contract the third bladder.
Pneumatic massage system. The pneumatic massage system according to claim 1, wherein the first bladder, the second bladder, and the third bladder are arranged in a circular pattern. The pneumatic massage system according to claim 1, further comprising a support backing including a plane adjacent to each of the first bladder, the second bladder, and the third bladder. Further comprising a pressure transfer member disposed on the opposite side of the support backing, the pressure transfer member at least partially covers each of the first bladder, the second bladder, and the third bladder. The pneumatic massage system according to claim 3. The pneumatic massage system according to claim 1, wherein the second bladder is placed adjacent to the first bladder and the third bladder is placed adjacent to the second bladder. The fluid switching module is configured to inflate each of the first to third bladder bladder in a predetermined sequence separate from the other bladder in the first to third bladder .
The pneumatic massage system according to claim 1 . The first to third bladder are arranged in a circular pattern, and the fluid switching module is configured to sequentially expand and contract adjacent bladder of the first to third bladder to produce a rotary massage effect. The pneumatic massage system according to claim 6. The first to third bladder are arranged in a generally linear pattern, and the fluid switching module sequentially expands and contracts adjacent bladder of the first to third bladder to produce a translational massage effect. 6. The pneumatic massage system according to claim 6. The pneumatic massage system according to claim 6, further comprising a body defining each of the first to third bladder , the adjacent bladder of the first to third bladder being separated by welding. 9. The pneumatic massage system of claim 9, further comprising a support backing disposed adjacent to the body, wherein the support backing comprises a plane in adjacent contact with each of the first to third bladder bladder . 10. The pressure transmitting member further comprises a pressure transmitting member arranged adjacent to the main body on the opposite side of the support backing, wherein the pressure transmitting member covers at least a part of each bladder of the first to third bladder . Pneumatic massage system as described in. The pneumatic massage system according to claim 6, wherein each bladder of the first to third bladder partially overlaps with the adjacent bladder of the first to third bladder. The pneumatic massage system of claim 6, wherein the predetermined sequence comprises continuous expansion and contraction of adjacent bladder of the first to third bladder . The first to third bladder comprises a first bladder assembly in a first row in an array of bladder assemblies arranged in a plurality of rows, wherein the fluid switching module is a first in a plurality of fluid switching modules. It is a fluid switching module
Each row of the array of bladder assemblies contains at least two bladder assemblies, and each of the two bladder assemblies in each row of the array of bladder assemblies contains three bladder and each fluid of the plurality of fluid switching modules. The pneumatic massage system according to claim 1 , wherein the switching module is in fluid contact with one row of bladder assemblies in the plurality of rows of bladder assemblies. It also has a support surface arranged to support some of the seat occupants,
The first to third bladder comprises a first bladder assembly arranged behind the support surface, the first to third bladder are arranged in the same plane, and the first to third bladder . Each bladder of the bladder is configured to expand separately from the other bladder in the first to third bladder, and the first to third bladder expands in a predetermined sequence and said through the support surface. Configured to give translational or rotary massage to seat occupants ,
The pneumatic massage system is a second bladder assembly located behind the first bladder assembly and is configured to expand and contract to change the intensity of the translational or rotary massage. Further equipped with bladder assembly,
The pneumatic massage system according to claim 1 . 15. The fifteenth aspect of claim 15, wherein the fluid switching module is a first fluid switching module, further comprising a second fluid switching module in contact with the pressurized air source and the second bladder assembly. Pneumatic massage system . The pneumatic massage system according to claim 16, wherein the second bladder assembly communicates with the pressurized air source separately from the fluid switching module. The first bladder is the first bladder of the first bladder assembly in the first row in an array of bladder assemblies arranged in a plurality of columns, and the second bladder is the first bladder assembly. The third bladder is the third bladder of the first bladder assembly, and the fluid switching module is of the first to third bladder of the first bladder assembly. It is the first fluid switching module that communicates with each
The pneumatic massage system
A second fluid switching module that communicates with the pressurized air source,
A second bladder assembly in the second row of the array of bladder assemblies, comprising three bladder in contact with the second fluid switching module, wherein the second fluid switching module is the second. 6. The second bladder assembly further comprising a second bladder assembly configured to inflate each bladder of the three bladder of the bladder assembly separately from the other bladder in the three bladder . Pneumatic massage system. An adjusting device arranged fluidly between the pressurized air source and the first and second fluid switching modules, wherein the adjusting device draws air from the pressurized air source into the first fluid. Further comprising a regulator configured to operate at a first position towards the switching module and a second position where the regulator directs air from the pressurized air source to the second fluid switching module. The pneumatic massage system according to claim 18. 14. The pneumatic massage system of claim 14, wherein the array of bladder assemblies is expanded and contracted in a predetermined row-by-row sequence.

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