JP7083533B2 - Root vegetable digger - Google Patents

Description

The present invention is an agricultural work machine mounted on a tractor and used, which is attached to a towed machine frame, has a blade portion whose rear portion is inclined upward at the front end portion, and is driven by the rear portion of the blade portion. The present invention relates to an improvement of a root vegetable digging machine for long thighs, etc., in which a digging body provided with an endless belt conveyor is passed through the lower part of the planted long thighs, etc., and root vegetables such as long thighs are raised and dug out.

Root vegetable digging machines such as long thighs are required to efficiently and smoothly dig root vegetables without damaging them. Conventionally, as such a digging machine, "Digging machine for root vegetables and the like" in JP-A-2000-139151 (Patent Document 1) and "Long-deep digging device" in JP-A-2008-29230 (Patent Document 2). Is disclosed.

In the "digging machine for root vegetables and the like" disclosed in Patent Document 1, "the base frame attached to the tractor and the front part of the base frame via the support bar so that the front part is located below the rear part. The drive pulley is composed of a digging body that has a blade at the tip, is provided with a conveyor belt that is hung over the front and back, and is provided with a drive pulley that can drive the conveyor belt. It is a digging machine for root vegetables and the like, which is characterized in that it can idle only in the direction in which the upper surface of the conveyor belt rotates toward the rear. Further, the "long thigh digging device" disclosed in Patent Document 2 is "attached to the lower part of the base frame which is connected to the rear part of the tractor and is towed, the front part forms a blade part, and the rear part is inclined upward. In a long thigh digging device having a digging blade made of an endless power belt conveyor, a diaphragm swing mechanism for swinging a diaphragm up and down is continuously provided at the rear of the endless power belt conveyor, and the digging is performed. It is a long thigh digging device characterized by shaking off the cultivated soil adhering to the long thigh dug up by the blade. "

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-139151 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-29230

A digging body equipped with an inclined endless belt conveyor driven at the rear of the blade is passed through the lower part of the planted long thighs, etc., and the root vegetables such as long thighs are raised and dug out. The machine is required to dig smoothly without damaging the root vegetables. In addition, work efficiency is improved by allowing the auxiliary worker to smoothly pull out the root vegetables raised by the digging body. Therefore, the digging machine for root vegetables and the like of Patent Document 1 is provided with an endless belt conveyor driven to the rear side in the traveling direction. Further, the long thigh digging device of Patent Document 2 is configured to provide a diaphragm swing mechanism that swings the diaphragm up and down at the rear of the endless belt conveyor so as to shake off the soil mass adhering to the long thigh. However, after the endless belt conveyor and the extension plate provided at the rear of the endless belt conveyor pass, the root vegetables such as long thighs that have been raised together with the soil suddenly sink to their original positions, and the root vegetables such as long thighs are pressed against the soil again. It took a lot of effort because the auxiliary worker could not smoothly pull out the root vegetables such as long thighs. If the root vegetables such as the dug up long thighs and the sudden subsidence of the soil can be prevented, the time until the auxiliary worker collects the root vegetables such as the dug out long thighs can be greatly extended, so that the collection work of the auxiliary worker will not be delayed. It can be easily and efficiently extracted.

From this, it is an object of the present invention to prevent the root vegetables such as long thighs and the sudden subsidence of soil generated after the excavator provided with the belt conveyor has passed, and the long thighs that can be easily and efficiently extracted by the auxiliary worker. The purpose is to provide a root vegetable digging machine.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 1 is a root vegetable digging machine for long thighs, etc., in which a digging body is passed under the root vegetables such as long thighs, and root vegetables such as long thighs are raised and dug up. The digging body is a belt conveyor portion having a blade portion that is provided in the front portion and is inclined backward, and an inclined surface that extends rearward from the rear end portion of the blade portion and the upper surface rises from the front to the rear. An elastic plate extending rearward in a cantilever shape is provided at the rear end of the belt conveyor portion so as to extend the inclined surface of the belt conveyor portion, and the rear end side of the elastic plate is elastically used for the belt conveyor. It is a root vegetable digging machine for long thighs that bends to the lower side of the part.

Further, in order to solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 2 is provided with an extension plate at the rear end of the belt conveyor so as to extend an inclined surface, and the elastic plate is cantilevered in the extension plate. The root vegetable digging machine for a long thigh or the like according to claim 1, which is attached and the other end is extended to the rear side.

Further, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 3 is a root vegetable digging machine such as a long thigh, in which the extension plate is provided so as to be swingable to the left and right or up and down with respect to the inclined surface.

According to the present invention, even after the digging body is passed through the lower part of the root vegetables such as long thighs to raise the root vegetables such as long thighs, the soil dug up by the elastic plate extended to the rear end of the belt conveyor can be used. Since it does not sink suddenly and collapses slowly, the auxiliary worker can easily work without failing to grasp the root vegetables such as long thighs.

It is a side view of the left side in the traveling direction of the working state of the root vegetable digger of the embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the root vegetable digger of the Example of this invention. It is a front view of the root vegetable digger of the Example of this invention. It is a top view of the main part which cross-section of the belt conveyor drive part of this invention. It is a left side view of the main part of the elastic plate at the rear part of the conveyor of the Example of this invention. It is a rear view of the partial cross section of the elastic plate at the rear part of the conveyor of the Example of this invention. It is a left side view of the state where the extension plate of the rear part of the conveyor of this invention is provided. It is a left side view of the state which provided the rocking plate at the rear part of the conveyor of this invention. It is a rear view of the state which provided the rocking plate at the rear part of the conveyor of this invention. It is a cross-sectional plan view of the conveyor drive part and the rocking plate drive part in the state which provided the rocking plate of this invention.

One embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 10. 1 to 3 show the appearance of the working posture of the root vegetable digging machine of the present invention. 1 is a left side view in the traveling direction, FIG. 2 is a plan view, and FIG. 3 is a front front view. A three-point link mechanism, which is an elevating link, is provided at the rear of the tractor (not shown), which is a traveling work vehicle, and is freely connected to the mounting portion of the front part of the root vegetable digging machine of the present invention. It is driven by the power output from the tractor side. In the description of this example, the left side shown in FIG. 1 will be described as the front side in the traveling direction.

The machine frame 1 for holding the machine is formed so that the plate-shaped bodies face each other on the left and right sides. Then, a round bar-shaped frame fixed between the plate-shaped bodies at the front tip of the machine frame 1 and provided with lower link pins 1f at the left and right tip portions connects and fixes the plate-shaped bodies, and further, at the rear end of the machine frame 1. The bracket 1b is projected upward.

A mast frame 1a is provided at the front portion of the machine frame 1. The mast frame 1a is made of a plate-like body, and is connected to the machine frame 1 in a state of facing each other on the left and right sides. The base portion at the lower end of the mast frame 1a is held by a rotating shaft 1c so as to be rotatable back and forth in the vicinity of the round bar-shaped frame provided with the lower link pin 1f of the machine frame 1, and is held in front of the upper tip of the mast frame 1a. Is provided with a top link pin 1e horizontally in the left-right direction. Further, the rear portion of the mast frame 1a is connected to one end of the hydraulic cylinder 1d, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 1d is connected to the bracket 1b provided at the rear portion of the machine frame 1. Then, it is attached to the three-point link mechanism which is the elevating link of the tractor by the top link pin 1e and the lower link pin 1f provided on the machine frame 1. Therefore, by expanding and contracting the hydraulic cylinder 1d, it is possible to rotate the rear side of the machine frame 1 up and down around the rotation shaft 1c. When the hydraulic cylinder 1d is contracted, the excavated portion 2 and the excavated body 3 rotate backward and rise to move.

In the machine frame 1, an excavation portion 2 and a beam 1g are extended downward and are provided in pairs on the left and right. The excavation section 2 is located on the front side of the beam 1g, and excavates the soil on the left and right sides of the root vegetables such as the long thighs to be dug up. A digging body 3, which will be described later, is provided at the lower end of the beam 1g.

The excavation portion 2 is provided in the machine frame 1 so as to face downward. The excavation section 2 is located in the soil when the root vegetable digging machine is put into the digging work state, and excavates the soil on the left and right sides of the root vegetables such as the long thighs to be dug up, making it easy to lift the root vegetables and the surrounding soil. The excavation portion 2 includes a boom 2a and an excavation chain 20 wound around the boom 2a. The excavation chain 20 is composed of a roller chain 2e and a plurality of excavation blades 2f attached to the outer periphery thereof. The excavation chain 20 is a side view triangle on the drive sprocket 2b provided at the base of the boom 2a on the machine frame 1 side, the tension sprocket 2c provided at the other end, and the idler sprocket 2d provided overhanging in front of the intermediate portion of the boom 2a. It is wound like a sprocket. The boom 2a faces left and right in the traveling direction, and the upper ends thereof are fixed to the rear side of the machine frame 1. Therefore, the excavation chain 20 is provided on each of the facing booms 2a, and at the time of digging work, root vegetables such as long thighs to be dug are positioned between the opposing booms 2a, and the hung excavation chain 20 is moved up and down. By driving, the soil on the left and right sides of the root vegetable to be excavated can be squeezed up and down to soften it. The tip side of the boom 2a can be expanded and contracted in the length direction, and the tension of the excavation chain 20 can be adjusted. Further, the upper portion of the excavation portion 2 exposed from the soil during the excavation work is covered with the excavation portion cover 7. Further, side guards 7a and rear guards 7b formed of round pipes are provided on the left and right sides and rear to prevent accidents caused by operator contact with or being caught in the movable part of the excavation part 2. ing.

Behind the excavation chain 20 of the excavation portion 2, a beam 1g is extended downward from the rear side of the machine frame 1 and is provided facing the left and right in the vicinity of the excavation chain 20, and is superposed behind the excavation chain 20 in the front view. It is provided at the position. The lower end of the beam 1 g extends to the vicinity of the lower end of the excavation chain 20. The beam 1g has a long strip-like shape in the vertical direction, and the upper portion is fixed to the machine frame 1 in a state where the thick end edge faces the traveling direction. That is, the positional relationship between the boom 2a and the beam 1g is fixed.

A digging body 3 is attached to the lower end of the beam 1g. The digging body 3 is a digging body main body having a blade portion 3d having a rearwardly inclined blade portion 3d at the front portion, extending from the rear end portion of the blade portion to the rear side, and having an inclined surface whose upper surface rises from the front to the rear. A certain belt conveyor 3a and an elastic plate 4a provided at the rear end portion of the belt conveyor 3a and having a flat surface portion substantially equal to the width of the belt conveyor 3a are provided so as to extend the inclined surface.

The digging body 3 is provided between the beams 1g located on the left and right sides, and is attached to the beam 1g by fixing the vicinity of the blade portion 3d. The digging body 3 during the digging work passes through the lower part of the root vegetables such as long thighs to be dug, and is excavated by the excavation part 2 around the inner root vegetables where the soil on the left and right sides is swelled. The soil and root vegetables are placed on the inclined surface of the belt conveyor 3a and the elastic plate 4a and moved to raise the root vegetables upward.

The blade portion 3d is made of a steel plate and is provided with substantially the same width as the belt conveyor 3a, and the soil below the root vegetable is cut by the progress of the tractor.

In the belt conveyor 3a, a drive roller 3b having a large side view diameter is positioned on the rear end side, and a plurality of support rollers having a diameter smaller than that of the drive roller 3b are arranged on the rear side from the front end portion on the blade portion 3d side to wind the belt. The upper surface of the bell conveyor 3a is configured to have an upward slope. The belt conveyor 3a is rotationally driven by a conveyor-driven hydraulic motor 3e provided in the excavation body 3 for driving rollers 3b, and is driven so that the inclined surface on the upper surface of the belt conveyor 3a moves from the front side to the rear side. The drive roller 3b of the belt conveyor 3a and the support roller that supports the belt conveyor 3a are rotatably held by the conveyor side plates 3f standing on the left and right sides of the belt conveyor 3a.

In the elastic plate 4a shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the front end portion of the elastic plate 4a is attached to the support 4b attached so as to extend to the left and right of the rear portion of the conveyor side plate 3f at the rear end portion of the belt conveyor 3a with the holding member 4c. It is cantilevered so that the rear side is the free end. The elastic plate 4a has a flat surface portion approximately equal to the width of the belt conveyor 3a, and is cantileveredly extended rearward so as to extend the inclined surface of the belt conveyor 3a. The rear end side of the elastic plate 4a bends downward due to the elasticity of the belt conveyor 3a, thereby slowing the sudden drop of soil and root vegetables A into the space below the belt conveyor 3a. Since the root vegetable A does not fall or break due to a sudden drop, the auxiliary worker can easily grasp and pull out the head of the root vegetable A raised by the belt conveyor 3a.

FIG. 7 shows an elastic plate 4a provided at the rear end of an extension plate 4d provided at the rear end of the belt conveyor 3a so as to extend an inclined surface of the belt conveyor 3a. The extension plate 4d has an inclined surface that extends the inclined surface of the belt conveyor 3a, and is attached so as to span the left and right rear portions of the conveyor side plate 3f. By providing the extension plate 4d, the inclined surface of the belt conveyor 3a is in an extended state, and the root vegetables A lifted by the belt conveyor 3a are further raised.
A front end portion of the elastic plate 4a is sandwiched between the holding member 4c at the rear end portion of the inclined surface of the extension plate 4d, and the extension plate 4d is cantilevered so that the rear side becomes a free end. The elastic plate 4a has a flat surface portion approximately equal to the width of the belt conveyor 3a, and is cantileveredly extended rearward so as to extend the inclined surface of the belt conveyor 3a.

8 and 9 show an example in which the left and right ends of the extension plate 4d are provided so as to swing up and down.
At the rear end of the swing plate 4e that can swing to the left and right, the front end of the elastic plate 4a is sandwiched between the holding members 4c, and the swing plate 4e is cantilevered so that the rear side becomes a free end. ing. The elastic plate 4a has a flat surface portion approximately equal to the width of the belt conveyor 3a, and is cantileveredly extended rearward so as to extend the inclined surface of the belt conveyor 3a.
Further, the extension plate 4d may be provided so that the rear end swings up and down.

In FIGS. 8, 9, and 10, an example of a driving method for the rocking plate 4e will be described.
The rocking plate 4e is provided so as to extend the inclined surface of the belt conveyor 3a, and the rocking plate 4e has a flat surface portion approximately equal to the width of the belt conveyor 3a. The rocking plate 4e is oscillated in the left-right direction by a rocking plate holding bracket 4i that is spanned and attached to the left and right sides of the rear portion of the conveyor side plate 3f. A swing boss 4j, which is a pipe-shaped boss parallel to the traveling direction, is provided in the substantially central portion of the swing plate holding bracket 4i, and the swing center shaft 4f fixed to the swing plate 4e on the swing boss 4j. Is inserted and the rocking plate 4e is mounted so as to swing left and right.
A rocking plate drive hydraulic motor 4h is provided at a position lateral to the rocking boss 4j of the rocking plate holding bracket 4i, and the output of the rocking plate drive hydraulic motor 4h provided toward the rear in parallel with the traveling direction. A swing cam 4g is fixed to the shaft. The swing cam 4g rotates eccentrically in the vertical and horizontal directions when the swing plate drive hydraulic motor 4h rotates. On the other hand, the rocking plate 4e is provided with a guide plate 4k so as to be close to the top and bottom of the rocking cam 4g so as to sandwich the top and bottom of the rocking cam 4g. The plate 4k is moved up and down, and the rocking plate 4e swings around the swing center axis 4f. When the rocking plate 4e swings up and down in the left-right direction, the soil lifted together with the root vegetables by the slope of the belt conveyor 3a is gradually released downward from the left and right end sides, and the soil reaches the rear end of the rocking plate 4e. Do not collapse suddenly. In addition, the upper part of the lifted soil is broken by vibration to expose the head of the root vegetable and make it easy to grasp, thereby reducing the extraction error.

Further, by attaching the elastic plate 4a whose rear end gently hangs downward to the rear end of the rocking plate 4e, the soil and root vegetables A that have passed over the rocking plate 4e suddenly fall or fall downward. At that time, prevent the root vegetables from falling or breaking.
Since the elastic plate 4a can keep the raised root vegetables exposed to the field scene for a long time, the auxiliary worker can easily grasp and pull out the head of the root vegetables.

A landslide means 8 is provided on the rear side of the upper portion of the intermediate position between the left and right beams 1 g. The soil crushing means 8 is for crushing the root vegetables and the earth and sand that have risen by the digging body 3 to the left and right to expose the upper end portion of the root vegetables. In the landslide means 8, a plurality of round bar-shaped squeezing bars are arranged in a straight line at intervals in the traveling direction, and the lower portion swings in a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction centering on the upper portion to remove sediment. Break it down.

The state shown in FIG. 1 shows the posture of the digging work state, and in the case of this example, the digging body 3 is located at a depth of about 1.2 m underground. When the digging machine is moved by the tractor, the hydraulic cylinder 1d is contracted so that the rear side of the machine frame 1 rotates counterclockwise from the state shown in FIG. 1 around the rotation shaft 1c. As a result, the lower portion of the excavation portion 2 and the excavation body 3 fixed to the rear side of the machine frame 1 rotate and rise. Further, when the three-point link mechanism, which is an elevating link of the tractor, is raised, the lower portion of the excavation portion 2 and the excavator can be moved by the tractor or the like mounted above the ground.

An input gear case 5b into which power from a tractor is input is provided at the center of the machine frame 1. An input shaft 5c is projected forward in front of the input gear case 5b, and the PTO shaft (not shown) of the tractor and the input shaft 5c are connected by a universal joint or the like to input power from the tractor. The input gear case 5b has output shafts projecting to the left and right in the direction orthogonal to the input shaft 5c, and the drive sprocket 2b is fixed to the input gear case 5b. The excavation chain 20 of the excavation section 2 is wound around the drive sprocket 2b, and the excavation chain 20 is driven by the power input to the input shaft 5c. Further, a hydraulic pump 5a is provided above the input gear case 5b, and a roller chain is wound around a sprocket fixed to the input shaft 5c and a sprocket fixed to the input shaft of the hydraulic pump 5a to drive the hydraulic pump 5a. .. The hydraulic pressure generated by the hydraulic pump 5a is sent to the conveyor-driven hydraulic motor 3e of the excavator 3 through a pipe to drive the hydraulic motor. When the conveyor drive hydraulic motor 3e is driven, the drive roller 3b of the belt conveyor 3a of the excavator body 3 rotates to operate the belt conveyor 3a. An output unit for driving the landslide means 8 is provided behind the input gear case 5b to drive the landslide means 8. The hydraulic cylinder 1d that rotates the machine frame 1 is provided with a valve on the tractor side and is operated by the hydraulic pressure on the tractor side.

A method of digging with a root vegetable digging machine such as a long thigh of the embodiment of the present invention will be described. The lower link pins 1f provided on the front left and right sides of the machine frame 1 are connected to the lower links of the three-point link mechanism of the tractor, and the top link pins 1e located on the front side of the mast frame 1a provided in the front upper part of the machine frame 1 are connected. The digger is attached to the tractor by connecting it to the top link of the three-point link mechanism of the tractor. A power transmission shaft such as a universal joint is connected to the PTO shaft of the tractor and the input shaft 5c of the input gear case 5b so that the power from the tractor can be input.

The tractor is placed on the ridge where the root vegetable A such as the long thigh to be dug is planted, that is, the root vegetable is located at the center of the left and right excavation chains 20 of the excavation part 2. , Drive the belt conveyor 3a of the excavation section 2 and the excavator body 3. Then, when the valve provided on the tractor side is operated to extend the hydraulic cylinder 1d, the machine frame 1 rotates clockwise in the state shown in FIG. 1, and the excavation portion 2 fixed to the machine frame 1 and the excavation portion 2 are dug out. Body 3 goes into the ground. After the blade portion 3d in front of the digging body 3 is positioned below the root vegetable to be dug, the tractor is advanced to start the digging work.

As the tractor moves forward, the excavation section 2 excavates the left and right sides of the root vegetables to soften the soil. Then, the soil located inside the left and right excavation chains 20 is placed on the inclined surface of the belt conveyor 3a of the excavation body 3 located behind the excavation body 3, and moves backward together with the root vegetables A. The soil and root vegetables A are lifted upward along the inclined surface of the belt conveyor 3a, and a part of the lifted soil collapses to expose the head of root vegetables A to the field scene. Then, the auxiliary worker grasps the head of the root vegetable A exposed in the field scene and pulls out the root vegetable A.

If the elastic plate 4a is not provided, a space is created in the lower part and the immediately after part of the belt conveyor 3a immediately after the passage of the digging body 3 because the soil and the root vegetable A are lifted by the digging body 3. In this space, the soil and root vegetables A lifted by the rotation of the belt conveyor 3a are drawn from the rear end portion of the belt conveyor 3a to the lower part so as to be involved in the rotation of the belt conveyor 3a.
In this way, the soil and root vegetables A that have risen immediately after the excavator 3 has passed are rapidly subsided in the space under the belt conveyor 3a and flow into the lower part of the conveyor. At that time, the root vegetable A is buried in the soil again, so that the soil around the root vegetable A is solidified again. Further, when the soil and the root vegetable A are buried, the root vegetable A is tilted or broken due to the flow of the soil flowing into the lower part of the conveyor. Even if the auxiliary worker tries to pull out the exposed tip of the root vegetable A that has been re-solidified by the soil that has flowed in, it may not be pulled out, or if the auxiliary worker tries to pull it up forcibly, the root vegetable A may break.

By attaching the elastic plate 4a to the rear end of the belt conveyor 3a, the root vegetables A that have moved on the belt conveyor 3a are gently blocked from the flow of soil trying to move to the lower part of the belt conveyor 3a, and the root vegetables are tilted to the soil again. Prevent it from being buried. As a result, the tip portion of the root vegetable A that is lifted up by the belt conveyor 3a and exposed in the field scene can be grasped by the auxiliary worker and easily pulled out upward.

Further, since the elastic plate 4a is an elastic body, the soil pressure applied when the soil and the root vegetables move backward on the elastic plate 4a by the belt conveyor 3a and the weight of the root vegetables are flexed, so that the pressure is pressed against the root vegetables. The root vegetables are not scratched because they do not rub against each other.

In the case of this example, the excavation portion 2 is provided in front of the excavation body 3, but the present invention can be carried out even if the excavation machine is not necessarily provided with the excavation portion 2.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be applied to a digging machine for digging root vegetables such as long thighs, which is mounted behind a traveling machine such as a tractor.

1 Machine frame 1a Mast frame 1b Bracket 1c Rotating shaft 1d Hydraulic cylinder 1e Top link pin 1f Lower link pin 1g Beam 2 Excavation part 20 Excavation chain 2a Boom 2b Drive sprocket 2c Tension sprocket 2d Idler sprocket 2e Roller chain 2f Excavation blade 3 Handle 3a Belt conveyor 3b Drive roller 3c Roller drive gear case 3d Blade 3e Hydraulic motor 3f Conveyor side plate 4a Elastic plate 4b Support 4c Holding member 4d Extension plate 4e Swing plate 4f Swing center shaft 4g Swing cam 4h Swing plate Drive hydraulic motor 4i Swing plate holding bracket 4j Swing boss 4k Guide plate 5a Hydraulic pump 5b Input gear case 5c Input shaft 7 Excavation part cover 7a Side guard 7b Rear guard 8 Landslide means

Claims (3)

It is a root vegetable digging machine for long thighs, etc., in which the digging body is passed through the lower part of the root vegetables such as long thighs, and the root vegetables such as long thighs are raised and dug up.
The digging body has a blade portion provided in the front portion having an upward slope, and a belt conveyor portion having an inclined surface extending rearward from the rear end portion of the blade portion and having an upper surface rising from the front to the rear. Prepare,
An elastic plate extending rearward in a cantilever shape is provided at the rear end of the belt conveyor portion so as to extend the inclined surface of the belt conveyor portion.
A root vegetable digging machine for long thighs, etc., characterized in that the rear end side of the elastic plate bends downward due to elasticity of the belt conveyor portion. An extension plate is provided at the rear end of the belt conveyor so as to extend the inclined surface.
The root vegetable digging machine for a long thigh or the like according to claim 1, wherein the elastic plate is cantileveredly attached to the extension plate, and the other end thereof is extended to the rear side. The root vegetable digging machine for a long thigh or the like according to claim 2, wherein the extension plate is provided so as to be able to swing and drive left and right or up and down with respect to the inclined surface.

Images