JP7088060B2 - Fireproof coating structure of the structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a fireproof coating structure of a structure such as a pillar or a beam constituting a building structure, and particularly to a fireproof coating structure of a structure using a foamable fireproof paint.

The refractory paint has a coating thickness of about 1 to 3 mm, which foams about 30 times at high temperature (in the event of a fire) to form a heat insulating layer, and becomes a fireproof coating. The number of uses is increasing in large space buildings.
The thermal resistance of the paint film before foaming is the same as that of ordinary paint, but because it is a thin film, space can be widely used, the shape of the material can be utilized, and the design, color, and weather resistance can be selected by the top coat. Therefore, there are many merits such as no seam, no risk of peeling or falling off in the event of an earthquake.

The fire-resistant paint is generally applied to the surface of a steel-framed structural member, but as shown in Patent Document 1, a method of applying a building material coated with the fire-resistant paint on the surface has also been devised.
Further, as shown in Patent Document 2, a laminated structure using a thin wood plate and a foamed refractory material has also been proposed.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8-104968 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-142246

"Performance Evaluation of Fire-Resistant Paints (Part 1) Past Literature Search" Architectural Institute of Japan Conference Academic Lecture Summary (China) September 2008

While the refractory paint has many merits, it is known that a top coat (protective layer) is required from the viewpoint of durability, and it takes time and effort to control the film thickness.
According to Patent Document 1, the durability of the coating film is improved, but there is a risk of peeling due to a hard object colliding with the coating film. Further, according to Patent Document 2, since the surface is made of wood, the coating film is protected, but the thickness of the surface material is restricted and cuts are made so as not to hinder foaming during heating. Is needed.

In addition, in the verification by the fire resistance test, the foam film thickness and the foaming speed of the refractory paint differ depending on the plate thickness (heat capacity) of the steel frame. It has been reported that the expected performance may not be obtained due to dropping or cracking inside. (For example, Non-Patent Document 1).
It is also known that after foaming, the surface continues to be exposed to a high temperature gas flow, so that the foam layer is worn and the thermal conductance increases.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fireproof coating structure of a structure that does not require a topcoating step and can maintain fireproof performance for a long time without the foam layer falling off. There is.

(1) The fire-resistant coating structure of the structure according to the present invention is a plate in which a coating layer made of a foamable fire-resistant coating material is formed on a surface facing the structure around the structure to be fire-resistant coating. A finishing material made of a shaped body is arranged from the surface of the structure so as to provide a space equal to or less than the foaming thickness of the coating film layer, and the finishing material is heated to foam the coating film layer to form a foamed layer. The foam layer is characterized in that it is sandwiched between the finishing material and the surface of the structure.

(2) Further, in the above-mentioned item (1), the reticulated body is arranged in the space between the coating film layer and the surface of the structure.

(3) Further, in the fireproof coating structure of the structure according to the present invention, a coating film layer made of a foamable fireproof coating film is formed on the surface facing the structure around the structure to be fireproof coating. A finishing material made of a plate-like body is arranged from the surface of the structure so as to provide a space exceeding the foam thickness of the coating film layer, and the space between the coating film layer and the surface of the structure is the same. A net-like body is arranged at a position that is not in contact with the coating film layer and is equal to or less than the foam thickness of the coating film layer.
When the finishing material is heated and the coating film layer foams to become a foaming layer, the foaming layer is sandwiched between the finishing material and the network, and an air layer is formed between the foaming layer and the structure. It is characterized by being formed.

(4) Further, in any of the above (1) to (3), the finishing material is a steel plate or a laminated structure of a steel plate and an organic material or an inorganic material, and the coating film layer is formed on the steel plate. It is characterized by what has been done.

(5) Further, in any one of the above (1) to (4), the structure is a beam that supports the floor slab, and the finishing material is fixed to the floor slab, and the beam and the beam. It is characterized in that it does not have a fixed portion of.

The fire-resistant coating structure of the structure according to the present invention is made of a plate-like body in which a coating film layer made of a foamable fire-resistant coating film is formed on a surface facing the structure around the structure to be fire-resistant coating. When the finishing material is arranged so as to provide a space equal to or less than the foaming thickness of the coating film layer from the surface of the structure, and the finishing material is heated to foam the coating film layer to become a foamed layer. By sandwiching the foam layer between the finishing material and the surface of the structure, the coating film layer is formed on the surface facing the structure and is protected from external damage without being exposed to the surface. There is no need for a top coat, and in the event of a fire, it is heated from the surface of the finishing material, and the coating film layer foams in the space to form a foam layer, and this foam layer is sandwiched between the structure and the finishing material. Functions as a fireproof structure. In this way, since the foam layer is sandwiched between the structure and the finishing material, it does not fall off and the fire resistance can be maintained for a long time.

It is explanatory drawing of the refractory coating structure of the structure which concerns on Embodiment 1, and is the plan sectional view which shows the state before foaming. It is a perspective view of the finishing material used in FIG. It is a plan sectional view which shows the state after foaming of the refractory coating structure of the structure shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the refractory coating structure of the structure which concerns on Embodiment 2, and is the plan sectional view which shows the state after foaming. It is explanatory drawing of the refractory coating structure of the structure which concerns on Embodiment 3, and is the plan sectional view which shows the state before foaming. It is a plan sectional view which shows the state after foaming of the refractory coating structure of the structure shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the refractory coating structure of the structure which concerns on Embodiment 4, and is sectional drawing which shows the state before foaming. It is explanatory drawing of another aspect of the refractory coating structure of the structure which concerns on Embodiment 4, and is sectional drawing which shows the state before foaming (the 1). It is explanatory drawing of another aspect of the refractory coating structure of the structure which concerns on Embodiment 4, and is sectional drawing which shows the state before foaming (the 2).

[Embodiment 1]
As shown in FIG. 1, the fire-resistant coating structure 1 of the structure according to the present embodiment comprises a foamable fire-resistant paint on the surface facing the steel pipe column 3 around the steel pipe column 3 to be fire-resistant coated. A finishing material 9 made of a plate-like body 7 on which the coating film layer 5 is formed is arranged from the surface of the steel pipe column 3 by providing a space S equal to or less than the foam thickness of the coating film layer 5, and is shown in FIG. As described above, when the finishing material 9 is heated and the coating film layer 5 foams to become the foaming layer 13, the foaming layer 13 is sandwiched between the finishing material 9 and the surface of the steel pipe column 3. It is something to do.
Hereinafter, each configuration will be described in detail.

<Steel pipe column>
The steel pipe column 3 corresponds to the structure of the present invention, and is a square steel pipe having an outer diameter of 300 mm and a plate thickness of 9 mm.
The structure of the present invention can be applied to wooden structures other than steel-framed structures such as steel pipe columns 3, and includes various structures of buildings such as beams and floors in addition to the columns.

<Finishing material>
The finishing material 9 is made of a plate-like body 7 in which a coating film layer 5 made of a foamable refractory paint is formed on a surface facing the steel pipe column 3.
The material constituting the plate-shaped body 7 of the present embodiment is made of a galvanized aluminum alloy plated steel plate having a plate thickness of 1.6 mm, and the original plate having a width of 450 mm is defined as having a long side of 400 mm and a short side of 50 mm. As shown in 2, it is processed into an L shape.

A foamable refractory paint is previously applied to the surface side (inner surface side) of the plate-shaped body 7 facing the steel pipe column 3. The refractory paint is foamable and foams about 20 times at a temperature of 250 ° C., and a coating film layer 5 having a thickness of 3 mm is formed on the inner surface side of the L-shaped bend. Then, four of these are combined to form a self-supporting box shape, for example, by screwing, fitting, and adhering (not shown) to fix each other. The molding process of the finishing material 9 may be performed before or after the application of the refractory paint.

The coating film layer 5 of the fire-resistant paint can be applied to the plate-shaped body 7 by any means such as a brush, a roller, and a spray, but in the present embodiment, it is formed in advance into a film shape and laminated on a metal plate. .. The film-shaped fire-resistant paint and the metal plate are bonded with a thermosetting adhesive or a heat-sealing adhesive, but the heating temperature is less than 200 ° C. The film-shaped refractory paint is covered with a non-woven fabric on one side, and is burnt down at the stage of forming the foam layer 13.
The coating film thickness can be arbitrarily determined depending on the specifications of the refractory paint and the required refractory time.
The coating film layer 5 may be formed on the long side as shown in FIG. 2A, but if it is also formed on the short side as shown in FIG. 2B, the gap is filled. It is more preferable in terms of fireproof structure.

Normally, the refractory paint is applied to the structure, but in the present embodiment, by applying it to the surface of the plate-shaped body 7, the following effects are obtained.
When the refractory paint is applied to the structure, the surface temperature of the structural material at the time when the foam layer 13 is formed varies in heat capacity depending on the size of the structure, but it is highly possible that the temperature exceeds 200 to 300 ° C. However, when the fire-resistant paint is applied to the plate-shaped body 7, the plate-shaped body 7 has a large thermal conductivity and a small heat capacity, so that the temperature rises immediately in the event of a fire and the in-plane heat distribution becomes small. Therefore, the foam layer 13 can be formed under substantially uniform conditions when the temperature of the structure is low, and the fire resistance time can be lengthened, that is, the fire resistance performance can be enhanced.

The material constituting the plate-shaped body 7 is not limited to the zinc-aluminum alloy-plated steel plate, but a metal plate having a large thermal conductivity (steel plate, aluminum, etc.) is suitable, whereby the in-plane temperature distribution is relaxed. Equalization of foaming is achieved, and stable fire resistance can be ensured.
When the plate-shaped body 7 is made into a single layer, an inorganic material such as a gypsum board, a calcium silicate board, an extruded cement board, or a concrete panel is suitable in addition to the metal plate.

When a calcium silicate plate with a thickness of 20 mm is used, when the space S with the steel pipe column 3 is 100 mm, the temperature in the space S at 120 minutes of heating exceeds 650 ° C, and the temperature of the steel material also collapses. However, by forming the coating film layer 5 on the inner surface, the temperature can be suppressed to 500 ° C. or lower.
In general, inorganic materials undergo large shrinkage deformation when heated to a high temperature, so there is a problem that the joints open.Therefore, various measures such as arranging a backup material on the back side to prevent penetration even if the joints open. However, in the present embodiment, no countermeasure is required because the foam layer 13 blocks the countermeasure even if the countermeasure is not taken with the joint joint. That is, in the joint portion which is a weak point in fire resistance, the foam layer 13 is formed even as a simple abutting joint and the gap is filled, so that the fire resistant joint treatment becomes unnecessary and the construction can be expected to be simplified.

Further, the plate-shaped body 7 is not limited to a single layer, and a fire-resistant paint may be applied to the surface of the metal plate, or a decorative material may be separately applied, and these are not limited to fire-resistant materials. Even flammable materials have the effect of contributing to a certain level of improvement in fire resistance. In particular, gypsum board, calcium silicate board and the like are extremely suitable, and the rigidity of the plate-shaped body 7 is improved and the fire resistance performance is improved.
When the plate-shaped body 7 is formed into a plurality of layers, it is desirable to use a metal plate as the inner surface, that is, the surface on which the coating film layer 5 is formed, because it has the effect of relaxing the in-plane temperature distribution.

The plate thickness of the plate-shaped body 7 and the presence or absence of reinforcement are determined by the strength design, but the plate thickness of about 0.5 mm to 3.2 mm is most used.
Further, the shape of the finishing material 9 may be divided into two, substantially L-shaped or U-shaped, or may be composed of four flat plates. If necessary, a base material extending in the vertical direction may be arranged in the middle portion in the width direction of each corner portion and the flat plate portion.

<Arrangement of structure and finishing material>
The finishing material 9 is arranged so that the coating film layer 5 side faces the steel pipe column 3 and a space S equal to or less than the foam thickness of the coating film layer 5 is provided from the surface thereof. In the present embodiment, the finishing material 9 and the steel pipe column 3 are arranged while holding a space S of 50 mm. The space S can be arbitrarily determined as long as it can be sandwiched between the steel pipe column 3 and the finishing material 9 so as to be less than or equal to the thickness after foaming, but it is required in consideration of the decrease in strength of the steel material used at high temperature. Set the upper limit of the steel material temperature for heating during the refractory time, and set the dimensions that can ensure the heat insulation performance so as not to exceed the set upper limit of the steel material temperature. When the finishing material 9 is arranged apart from the steel pipe column 3, the base material may be made independent of the target structure or may be connected via a support member.
At this stage, there is no fire resistance, but since the fire resistant paint is applied to the back surface (inner surface) of the finishing material 9, there is no risk of external damage and no topcoat material is required.

The action during heating in the present embodiment configured as described above will be described based on the behavior during the fire resistance test.
As the temperature inside the furnace rises, the temperature of the finishing material 9 rises, and when the temperature reaches 250 ° C., the coating film layer 5 foams to form the foamed layer 13. According to the ISO834 standard heating temperature, the temperature inside the furnace becomes about 350 ° C. 1 minute after the start of heating, so that foaming starts within a few minutes and the foaming ratio is 20 times. As shown, the space S is completely filled with the foam layer 13 and is sandwiched between the steel pipe column 3 and the finishing material 9 to function as a fireproof structure.

The steel tube column 3 is heated by radiant heat transfer from the coating film layer 5 to the steel tube column 3 and convection heat transfer in the space S, but when the temperature of the finishing material 9 is about 250 ° C., the coating film foams and is heat insulating. Due to the action, it is clear that the temperature of the steel tube column 3 at that stage is much lower than 250 ° C., there is no convection heat transfer, and there is no wear of the foam layer 13 due to the high temperature gas flow. The rate of temperature rise is slower than that of the conventional technique of applying a fireproof paint to a pillar.

As described above, according to the fireproof coating structure 1 of the structure of the present embodiment, the foam layer 13 is formed in the space S by being heated from the surface of the finishing material 9, and the foam layer 13 has a structure. It is sandwiched between the body and the finishing material 9 and functions as a fireproof structure. At this time, the foam layer 13 is sandwiched between the structure and the finishing material 9, so that the foam layer 13 does not fall off.

[Embodiment 2]
The fireproof coating structure 15 of the structure according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 4, the same parts as those in FIGS. 1 to 3 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. FIG. 4 shows a state in which the coating film layer 5 is foamed to form the foamed layer 13 as in FIG. 3 in the first embodiment.
The fireproof coating structure 15 of the structure of the present embodiment has the same as that shown in the first embodiment, in which the space S between the finishing material 9 and the steel pipe column 3 is surrounded by a metal lath so as to surround the outer periphery of the steel pipe column 3. The net-like body 17 is arranged according to the above.

In the present embodiment, the coating film layer 5 grows and is held by encapsulating the network 17 in the process of forming the foam layer 13 by heating from the finishing material 9 side, so that the foam layer 13 is stronger. It is held by and does not fall off.
The net-like body 17 is preferably a wire mesh or a lath, but a similar effect can be expected with a nonflammable mesh, a glass fiber sheet, or a heat-resistant resin plate forming a carbonized layer such as a phenol resin. If the refractory paint is applied to the net-like body 17 in advance, the effect is further enhanced.

[Embodiment 3]
The fireproof coating structure 19 of the structure according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. In FIGS. 5 and 6, the same parts as those in FIGS. 1 to 4 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.
In the second embodiment, the space S between the finishing material 9 and the steel pipe column 3 is set to be equal to or less than the foam thickness of the coating film layer 5, as in the first embodiment. In 19, the space S is set to exceed the foaming thickness with the coating film layer 5, the space S between the coating film layer 5 and the steel tube column 3 is not in contact with the coating film layer 5, and the coating film layer 5 is foamed. The net-like body 17 shown in the second embodiment is arranged at a position equal to or less than the thickness.
In the examples shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the dimension of the space S between the steel pipe column 3 and the finishing material 9 is 70 mm, and the mesh body 17 made of a metal lath is arranged at a position 20 mm from the steel pipe column 3.

When the finishing material 9 is heated, the coating film layer 5 foams to form the foamed layer 13. Here, as shown in FIG. 6, the foam layer 13 is formed while enclosing the network body 17, and is held in the space S. A hollow layer 21 having a thickness of about 20 mm remains between the foam layer 13 and the steel pipe column 3, and acts adiabatically.
Here, the distance between the steel pipe column 3 and the net-like body 17 can be appropriately set, but if it is 20 mm or less, it functions as a static air layer, so that the heat insulating property is improved.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, since the foamed layer 13 is held in a form of biting into the reticulated body 17, it does not fall off, and the air layer between the foamed layer 13 and the structure is adiabatic. Because it acts on, the fire resistance performance can be further improved.

As in the second embodiment, the net-like body 17 may be a metal lath, a wire mesh, a glass fiber, a resin, or the like as long as it has heat resistance, and does not necessarily have to be a metal. A sheet-like material as long as it forms a carbonized layer such as a phenol resin can be applied, and the surface of the foamed layer 13 forms a carbonized layer or a carbonized layer having a higher density than the foamed layer 13. It is preferable to cover it because it has higher heat insulating properties.

[Embodiment 4]
In the above embodiments 1 to 3, the steel pipe column 3 has been described as an example of the structure to be covered by the fireproof coating, but in the present embodiment, the beam is taken as an example of the structure, and FIGS. It will be described based on 8.

In the fireproof coating structure 23 of the structure of the present embodiment, the structure to be fireproof coating is a beam 27 that supports the floor slab 25, and the finishing material 29 is fixed to the floor slab 25 and is connected to the beam 27. It is characterized in that it does not have a fixed portion.

In the present embodiment, the beam 27 is made of H-shaped steel, and its dimensions are H-400 × 200 × 8 × 13.
As shown in FIG. 7, the finishing material 29 has upper flange portions 31 projecting outward on both upper ends, and the cross-sectional shape is formed into an H shape surrounding the H-shaped steel. The upper flange portion 31 serves as a fixing portion with the floor slab 25, and its width is 50 mm. The height of the finishing material 29 is 450 mm, and the width of the lower surface is 300 mm.

In the finishing material 29, the upper flange portion 31 is arranged (not shown) so that the fastener is projected downward in advance on the deck plate 33, which is a waste form of the floor slab 25. However, if the deck plate 33 is not used, the fastener may be directly projected from the floor slab 25 and joined. Further, it may be fixed by using post-installed anchors or by driving concrete nails.

In the state where the finishing material 29 is installed, each end of the beam flange 27a has a space S of 50 mm, the lower surface of the beam flange 27a on the lower side of the beam 27, and a space S of 50 mm.
Since the finishing material 29 is fixed only to the floor slab 25 and not to the beam 27, it does not hinder the formation of the foam layer.

Also in the present embodiment configured as described above, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.
As shown in FIG. 8, the finishing material 29 may have a hat shape in cross section, and the net-like body 35 may be arranged so as to extend over the ends of the upper and lower beam flanges 27a. As a result, when the foamed layer is formed, the foamed layer can be reliably held and the fire resistance can be maintained, as in the third embodiment.

In the event of a fire, the temperature of the beam flange 27a on the lower side of the beam 27 becomes the highest, so it is better not to provide a joint with the finishing material 29 in that portion. It is preferable not to provide the beam 27.
Even if a fixing portion with the finishing material 29 is provided on the beam 27, the upper part is L-shaped and the lower part is U-shaped, rather than being assembled by joining the finishing material 29 at the end of the flat plate. Is preferable.

As shown in FIG. 9, a composite fireproof structure with a wall 37 such that the wall 37 is located on one side of the floor slab 25 may be considered in the same manner. In this case, the finishing material 29 is placed on the wall 37 side. A Z-shaped member 39 may be fixed, an L-shaped member 41 may be fixed on the floor slab 25 side, and both members may be joined and assembled at a beam web portion. Then, as shown in FIG. 9, the net-like body 35 is arranged so as to extend between the upper and lower beam flanges 27a of the beam 27 and the lower beam flange 27a and the wall 37.
Further, the finishing material 29 may not be composed of two members, but may be composed of one member in which a rectangular shape is divided in half and integrally molded.

Fireproof coating structure of 1 structure (Embodiment 1)
3 Steel pipe column 5 Coating film layer 7 Plate-like body 9 Finishing material 13 Foam layer 15 Fireproof coating structure of structure (Embodiment 2)
17 Reticulated body 19 Fireproof coating structure of the structure (Embodiment 3)
21 Hollow layer 23 Fireproof coating structure of structure (Embodiment 4)
25 Floor slab 27 Beam 27a Beam flange 29 Finishing material 31 Upper flange part 33 Deck plate 35 Reticulated body 37 Wall 39 Z-shaped member 41 L-shaped member S space

Claims (3)

A finishing material made of a plate-like body having a coating film layer made of a foamable fire-resistant paint formed on a surface facing the structure around the structure to be fire-resistant coated is applied from the surface of the structure. A space exceeding the foam thickness of the coating layer is provided and arranged, and the space between the coating layer and the surface of the structure is non-contact with the coating layer and the foam thickness of the coating layer is not contacted. Arrange the reticulated body at the following positions and
When the finishing material is heated and the coating layer foams to become a foaming layer, the foaming layer is sandwiched between the finishing material and the network, and an air layer is formed between the foaming layer and the structure. A fireproof coating structure of a structure characterized by being formed. The fireproof coating structure of the structure according to claim 1 , wherein the finishing material is a steel plate, or a laminated structure of a steel plate and an organic material or an inorganic material, and the coating film layer is formed on the steel plate. The structure according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the structure is a beam that supports the floor slab, and the finishing material is fixed to the floor slab and does not have a fixing portion with the beam. Fireproof coating structure of the body.

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