JP7096115B2 - Machine tools, thread rolling tools and thread rolling methods - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to machine tools, thread rolling tools and thread rolling methods.

Conventionally, as a screw rolling head to be mounted on a turret of a machine tool, a screw rolling head that forms a male screw on a flat plate-shaped work mounted on a pallet is known (for example, Patent Document 1).

Further, among the screw rolling heads mounted on the turret, the screw rolling tool 500 shown in FIG. 7 is known as a screw rolling head that forms a male screw on a round bar-shaped work.
The rolling tool 500 includes a roll 510 that comes into contact with the work when forming the male screw portion, a clutch mechanism that releases the clutch to release the contact between the work and the roll 510, and closes the clutch to open the male screw portion. It is provided with a handle 520 that brings the work and the roll 510 into contact with each other during formation.

When a male threaded portion is formed on a work by using this threading tool 500, the work is rotated in a state concentric with the threading tool 500 with the clutch closed (closed state), and the threading is performed. When the work is inserted into the screw rolling tool 500 in the closed state by linearly moving the machine tool 500 toward the work, the work and the roll 510 come into contact with each other, and a male screw portion is formed on the work.
Then, when the male screw portion is formed over a predetermined length, the clutch is automatically released (open state), the contact between the work and the roll 510 is released, and the work is taken out from the screw rolling tool 500. be able to.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 62-28037

In such a screw rolling tool 500, after the screw rolling tool 500 is changed from the closed state to the open state, it is necessary to manually operate the handle 520 each time in order to return to the closed state again, so that repeated manual operations are troublesome. There was a problem that the efficiency of thread rolling could not be expected.

Therefore, the present invention solves the problems of the prior art as described above, that is, the object of the present invention is a screw rolling tool capable of automatically switching from an open state to a closed state. It is to provide a machine tool to prepare.

First, the present invention includes a spindle that grips and rotates a rod-shaped work coaxially, and a screw rolling tool that forms a screw portion on the work, and the screw rolling tool is a screw portion. Regarding machining, it is configured to be switchable between a closed state that acts on the work and an open state that does not act, and while rotating the work concentrically with the screw rolling tool, the work is rotated. A machine tool that forms the screw portion by inserting it into the screw rolling tool in the closed state, and interacts with an operation unit that operates switching between the open state and the closed state of the screw rolling tool. An engaging portion to be fitted is provided on the spindle side, and the engaging portion is arranged so as to be engaged with the operating portion in a state where the work and the screw rolling tool are concentric with each other, and the operating portion and the engaging portion are engaged. By rotating the spindle in the engaged state with the portion, the open state and the closed state of the screw rolling tool can be switched.

Second, the operating portion comprises a pin projecting toward the spindle, the engaging portion comprises a pin hole that fits the pin, and the pin and the pin hole are from the rotating shaft of the spindle. It is characterized by being arranged in an eccentric position.

Thirdly, the pin is formed on an opening / closing lever provided on the outer peripheral surface of the threading tool.

Fourth, the pin is formed on the facing surface of the threading tool facing the spindle.

Fifth, it is a screw rolling tool used for any of the above machine tools.

Sixth, in a machine tool provided with a spindle that grips and rotates a rod-shaped work coaxially and a screw rolling tool that forms a screw portion on the work, the screw rolling tool is the screw portion of the screw portion. Regarding machining, it is configured to be switchable between a closed state before forming the threaded portion, which is a state of acting on the work, and an open state after forming the threaded portion, which is a non-acting state. A screw rolling method for forming the threaded portion by inserting the work into the screw rolling tool in the closed state while rotating the work concentrically with the thread rolling tool, wherein the threaded portion is formed. A tool separation step of separating the screw rolling tool and the work after the screw rolling step, a work parting step of cutting off the work on which the threaded portion is formed after the tool separation process, and a work parting step. The operation unit that later moves the screw rolling tool and the spindle closer to each other to operate the switching between the open state and the closed state of the screw rolling tool, and the spindle side that interacts with the operation unit. An engaging step of engaging with each other and a tool closing step of switching the screw rolling tool from the open state to the closed state by rotating the spindle after the engaging step. It is characterized by having and.

In the present invention, when a threaded portion is formed for each of a plurality of workpieces, the threading tool is changed from the open state to the closed state at the stage when the threaded portion is formed for one workpiece. Since switching can be performed automatically, the efficiency of thread rolling can be improved.

The perspective view which shows the machine tool which is 1st Embodiment of this invention. The front view of the spindle which is 1st Embodiment of this invention. The perspective view which shows the screw threading tool which is 1st Example of this invention. The front view which shows the screw threading tool which is 1st Embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows the procedure of processing a male thread part into a work. The figure which shows the procedure of processing a male thread part into a work. The figure which shows the procedure of processing a male thread part into a work. The figure which shows the procedure which cuts through a work. The figure which shows the procedure of closing a threading tool The figure which shows the procedure of closing a threading tool The figure which shows the procedure of closing a threading tool The perspective view which shows the screw threading tool which is the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The perspective view which shows the screw threading tool which is the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. The perspective view which shows the conventional screw threading tool.

The present invention includes a spindle that grips and rotates a rod-shaped work coaxially, and a screw rolling tool that forms a threaded portion on the work. It is configured to be switchable between the closed state, which is the working state, and the open state, which is the non-working state. A machine tool that forms a threaded portion by this means that an engaging portion that interacts with an operating portion that operates switching between the open state and the closed state of the thread rolling tool is provided on the spindle side, and the engaging portion is provided. , The work and the thread rolling tool are arranged concentrically with the operation part, and by rotating the spindle in the engaged state between the operation part and the engaging part, the thread rolling tool is opened. Any specific embodiment may be used as long as the work can be automatically switched from the open state to the closed state by switching from the closed state.

Hereinafter, the machine tool 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4G.

First, an outline of the machine tool 100, which is the first embodiment of the present invention, will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a machine tool according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view of a spindle according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

The machine tool 100 includes a spindle 110 that grips and rotates a round bar-shaped work W, and a turret 120 that is arranged to face the spindle 110.
The spindle 110 and the turret 120 are controlled by a control device.

The spindle 110 rotates about the rotation axis Os shown in FIG.
The spindle 110 is provided with a chuck concentrically with the spindle 110.
The work W is gripped by a chuck.
The rotation axis Os of the spindle 110 coincides with the rotation axis of the work W.
Further, the spindle 110 is formed with a circular pin hole 111 when viewed from the front.
The central axis Cs of the pin hole 111 has the same axial direction as the axial direction of the rotating shaft Os of the main shaft 110, and is separated from the rotating shaft Os by a distance Ls.

The turret 120 has an octagonal shape when viewed from the front, and the axial direction of the turning axis is the same as the axial direction of the rotating shaft Os of the main shaft 110.
Further, a tool for processing the work W gripped by the spindle 110 is detachably attached to the turret 120.
In this embodiment, the screw rolling tool 130 is attached as a tool.

Next, the thread rolling tool will be described with reference to FIGS. 3A and 3B.
FIG. 3A is a perspective view showing a screw rolling tool according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3B is a front view showing a screw rolling tool according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

The screw rolling tool 130 includes three rolls 131 that come into contact with the work when forming a male screw portion on the work, a clutch mechanism that releases the clutch to release the contact between the work and the roll 131, and the work. It is a conventionally known structure having an opening / closing lever 132 for switching from an open state in which a male screw portion is not formed to a closed state in which a clutch is closed and a male screw portion can be formed in a work.

The opening / closing lever 132 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the screw rolling tool 130.
A columnar pin 132a projecting toward the spindle 110 is formed on the surface of the opening / closing lever 132 facing the spindle 110.
The central axis Ct of the pin 132a is arranged at a position eccentric from the rotation axis Ot by a distance Lt, with its axis direction being the same as the axis direction of the rotation axis Ot of the threading tool 130.
Further, the diameter φt of the pin 132a is slightly smaller than the diameter φs of the pin hole 111 of the spindle 110, and the distance Ls from the rotary shaft Os of the spindle 110 to the central shaft Cs of the pin hole 111 and the screw rolling tool 130. The distance Lt from the rotation axis Ot to the central axis Ct of the pin 132a is substantially equal to.
As a result, the pin 132a can be freely fitted into the pin hole 111.

Next, a screw rolling method for the work will be described with reference to FIGS. 4A to 4G.
4A to 4C are diagrams showing a procedure for machining a male threaded portion on a work, FIG. 4D is a diagram showing a procedure for cutting through the work, and FIGS. 4E to 4G are procedures for closing a screw rolling tool. It is a figure which shows.

When forming the male threaded portion on the work W, first, as shown in FIG. 4A, the rotating shaft Os of the spindle 110 and the rotating shaft Ot of the threading tool 130 are matched.
Then, the spindle 110 is rotated to rotate the work W.
By linearly moving the turret 120 toward the spindle 110 in this state, the threading tool 130 linearly moves toward the spindle 110.
At this time, the screw rolling tool 130 is in a closed state acting on the work W, and the position of the opening / closing lever 132 is A (see FIG. 3B).

When the thread rolling tool 130 is linearly moved toward the spindle 110, the thread rolling tool 130 is in the closed state, so that the work W is inserted into the thread rolling tool 130 in the closed state, and the roll 131 is moved to the work W. A male threaded portion is formed in contact with the thread (thread rolling process).
When the linear movement of the threading tool 130 progresses and the formation of the male threaded portion on the work W is completed, the threading tool 130 automatically enters a non-acting open state in which it does not act on the work W as in the conventional case. (Fig. 4B).
When the screw rolling tool 130 is opened, the opening / closing lever 132 rotates from the position A shown in FIG. 3 to the position B with respect to the rotation shaft Ot.

After the screw rolling tool 130 is opened, the rotation of the spindle 110 is stopped.
Then, the turret 120 is moved in a direction away from the main shaft 110 along the axial direction of the main shaft 110 (rotary shaft Os), and the screw rolling tool 130 is separated from the work W (tool separation step; FIG. 4C).

After the threading tool 130 is sufficiently separated from the work W, as shown in FIG. 4D, the parting tool T is moved so as to cut through the work W in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the work W while rotating the spindle 110. Cut off from the spindle 110 (work cut-off process).

After cutting off the work W from the spindle 110, the spindle 110 is rotated to match the central axis Cs of the pin hole 111 of the spindle 110 with the central axis Ct of the pin 132a of the threading tool 130 (FIG. 4E).

In this state, the turret 120 is moved closer to the spindle 110 along the axial direction of the spindle 110 (rotating axis Os), and the threading tool 130 is moved closer to the spindle 110 to move the threading tool 130 closer to the spindle 110. The pin 132a of 130 is inserted into the pin hole 111 of the spindle 110 (FIG. 4F).
As a result, the pin 132a, which is an operating portion for operating the switching between the open state and the closed state of the screw rolling tool 130, and the pin hole 111, which is the engaging portion, are engaged with each other (engagement step).

In this state, the spindle 110 is rotated by a predetermined angle to change the position of the opening / closing lever 132 of the screw rolling tool 130 from B to A (FIG. 4G).
As a result, the screw rolling tool 130 is switched from the open state to the closed state (tool closing process).
In this embodiment, the screw rolling tool 130 is switched to the closed state by rotating the spindle 110 clockwise, but the rotation direction of the spindle 110 in the tool closing process is counterclockwise according to the screw rolling tool 130. It may be clockwise.

In this state, the screw rolling tool 130 is separated from the spindle 110, and the work W is fed out from the spindle 110.

As described above, the spindle 110 operates the threading tool 130 in a state where the spindle 110 and the threading tool 130 are engaged with the pin 132a via the pin hole 111, so that the work W is screwed. It is possible to switch from an open state in which a portion is not formed to a closed state in which a male screw portion can be formed in the work W.

The rotation of the spindle 110 is fixed in a state where the pin 132a and the pin hole 111 are engaged, and the screw rolling tool 130 is rotated with respect to the spindle 110 by moving the turret 120, whereby the spindle 110 is relatively screwed. The thread rolling tool 130 may be switched from the open state to the closed state by rotating with respect to the rolling tool 130.

According to the machine tool 100 which is the first embodiment of the present invention described above, when the male screw portion ET is formed for each of a plurality of work Ws, the male screw portion ET is formed for one work W. Since it is possible to automatically switch from the open state to the closed state for the work W at the stage when the formation of the work W is completed, the efficiency of the thread rolling process for the work W can be improved.

Further, since the torque applied to the screw rolling tool 130 can be increased by the distance Ls, the state of the screw rolling tool 130 can be switched with a relatively low torque by the spindle 110.

Further, after the parting step, the spindle 110 is close to the thread rolling tool 130 to switch the threading tool 130 from the open state to the closed state, so that contact between the cutting tool and the pin 132a can be avoided. ..
When the screw rolling tool 130 is separated from the work W, the turret 120 can be moved along a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the spindle 110 (rotating axis Os).

Next, the screw rolling tool 230 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 5 which is a perspective view showing the screw rolling tool according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
The screw rolling tool 230 of the second embodiment is a modification of the internal structure of the open / close lever 132 in the screw rolling tool 130 of the first embodiment, and the screw rolling tool 130 of the first embodiment has many elements. Since it is common to the above, detailed explanations will be omitted for common items, and only the 200-series code in which the last two digits are common will be added.

As shown in FIG. 5, the opening / closing lever 232 is inserted into the pin 232a inserted into the pin hole 111 of the spindle 110, the side view L-shaped hollow housing 232b accommodating the pin 232a, and the housing 232b. It includes a spring 232c that urges the pin 232a and a sealing stopper 232d that is screwed into the housing 232b to fix the spring 232c.
With the opening / closing lever 232 configured in this way, the pin 232a can move in the front-rear direction, the spring 232c contracts, and the pin 232a retracts, so that damage to the pin 232a can be prevented.

Next, the screw rolling tool 330 according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 6 which is a perspective view showing the screw rolling tool according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
The thread rolling tool 330 of the third embodiment is the one in which the position of the pin 132a in the thread rolling tool 130 of the first embodiment is changed, and many elements are common to the thread rolling tool 130 of the first embodiment. Therefore, detailed explanations will be omitted for common items, and only the 300-series code in which the last two digits are common will be added.

As shown in FIG. 6, in the screw rolling tool 330, a pin 333a is provided on a facing surface 333 facing the spindle 110 when forming a male screw portion ET on the work W.

According to the thread rolling tool 330 according to the third embodiment of the present invention described above, the distance from the central axis of the threading tool to the central axis of the pin is as compared with the case where the pin is provided on the side of the threading tool. Since the distance can be shortened, it is possible to switch from the open state to the closed state for the work W even with a spindle having a relatively small diameter.

100 ・ ・ ・ Machine tool 110 ・ ・ ・ Main shaft 111 ・ ・ ・ Pin hole (engagement part)
120 ・ ・ ・ Turret 130, 230, 330 ・ ・ ・ Screw rolling tool 131, 331 ・ ・ ・ Roll 132, 232 ・ ・ ・ Open / close lever 132a, 232a, ・ ・ ・ Pin (operation part)
232b ・ ・ ・ Housing
232c ・ ・ ・ Spring
232d ・ ・ ・ Sealing plug
333 ・ ・ ・ Facing surface
333a ・ ・ ・ Pin (operation unit)
500 ・ ・ ・ Screw rolling tool 510 ・ ・ ・ Roll 520 ・ ・ ・ Handle W ・ ・ ・ Work ET ・ ・ ・ Male screw part (screw part)
T ・ ・ ・ Cut-off tool Os ・ ・ ・ Rotation axis of spindle Cs ・ ・ ・ Central axis in the longitudinal direction of the pin hole φs ・ ・ ・ Diameter of pin hole Ls ・ ・ ・ Distance from the rotation axis to the center axis Ot ・ ・ ・Rotation axis of screw rolling tool Ct ・ ・ ・ Central axis in the longitudinal direction of the pin φt ・ ・ ・ Pin diameter Lt ・ ・ ・ Distance from the rotation axis to the central axis

Claims (6)

A spindle that grips and rotates a rod-shaped work coaxially and a screw rolling tool that forms a threaded portion on the work are provided, and the screw rolling tool is provided with respect to the work with respect to machining of the threaded portion. The screw rolling tool in the closed state is configured to be switchable between the closed state which is the working state and the open state which is the non-acting state, and the work is rotated in a state concentric with the screw rolling tool. A machine tool that forms the threaded portion by inserting it into the machine tool.
An engaging portion that interacts with an operating portion that operates the switching between the open state and the closed state of the screw rolling tool is provided on the spindle side.
The engaging portion is arranged so as to be engaged with the operating portion in a state where the work and the screw rolling tool are concentric with each other.
A machine tool capable of switching between the open state and the closed state of the screw rolling tool by rotating the spindle in the engaged state between the operating portion and the engaging portion. The operation unit is composed of a pin protruding toward the main axis.
The engaging portion comprises a pin hole that fits the pin.
The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the pin and the pin hole are arranged at positions eccentric from the rotation axis of the spindle. The machine tool according to claim 2, wherein the pin is formed on an opening / closing lever provided on an outer peripheral surface of the screw rolling tool. The machine tool according to claim 2, wherein the pin is formed on the facing surface of the thread rolling tool facing the spindle. A screw rolling tool used for the machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4. In a machine tool provided with a spindle that grips and rotates a rod-shaped work coaxially and a screw rolling tool that forms a screw portion on the work, the screw rolling tool is said to be related to machining of the screw portion. The work is configured to be switchable between a closed state before forming the threaded portion, which is a state of acting on the work, and an open state after forming the threaded portion, which is a non-acting state. A screw rolling method for forming the threaded portion by inserting the screw into the closed screw rolling tool while rotating the screw in a concentric state with the screw rolling tool.
After the screw rolling step of forming the threaded portion, a tool separating step of separating the screw rolling tool and the work from each other,
A work parting step of cutting off the work on which the threaded portion is formed after the tool separation step, and a work parting step.
After the work parting step, the screw rolling tool and the spindle are moved close to each other, and the operation unit and the operation unit that operate the switching between the open state and the closed state of the screw rolling tool interact with each other. An engaging step in which the engaging portions provided on the spindle side to be fitted are engaged with each other, and
A screw rolling method comprising the tool closing step of switching the screw rolling tool from the open state to the closed state by rotating the spindle after the engaging step.

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