JP7098960B2 - Crushing jig and crushing method of ore sample using this - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a crushing jig for crushing an ore sample into fine powder and a crushing method for the ore sample using the crushing jig, and in particular, in order to evaluate the performance of a flotation process, an ore sample such as concentrate or tailing is ICP. The present invention relates to a crushing jig for pulverizing to the order of several microns for analysis and a crushing method for an ore sample using the crushing jig.

In metal smelting, the ore mined in the mine is generally crushed to a size on the order of tens to hundreds of microns, and then the concentrate containing the metal for smelting is separated from the residual tailing by beneficiation. do. There are various types of ores that are the raw materials for this metal smelting, and even if they are of the same type, the composition and size of the minerals that make up the minerals differ slightly depending on the place of origin. Therefore, an appropriate mineral processing process is determined by conducting a mineral processing test in advance using a sampled ore sample (ore sample).

For example, Patent Document 1 discloses that ore screening, weighing, crushing, fractionation, and drying treatment are performed in order to prepare an analytical sample of iron ore as a raw material for an iron-making / steel-making process. In addition, even after the operation is started in the determined mineral processing process, the mineral processing test is appropriately conducted with the aim of operating with higher efficiency. In this mineral processing test, by measuring the content of the target metal in the concentrate or tailing, for example, by ICP analysis, it is possible to confirm whether or not the target metal is effectively concentrated in the concentrate, or to check the tail. It is common practice to check if the target metal is lost in the ore.

Since the mass of the ore used as the analysis sample in this mineral processing test is about 10 g, sampling that accurately reflects the composition of the raw material ore becomes difficult with the above-mentioned size after pulverization, and the representativeness of the sample is impaired. There is a risk. Therefore, conventionally, the ore sample after crushing is further crushed to fine particles having a size on the order of several microns by using a jig for crushing the ore sample. As described above, if the size is on the order of several microns, it can be made smaller than the mineral size, so that the representativeness of the sample is not impaired at the time of reduction. The sample for ICP analysis in the mineral processing test is reduced by selecting, for example, about 10 g from a sample of 100 g.

In order to finely pulverize concentrates and tailing to a size on the order of several microns as described above, conventionally, the bottom surface is finished flat as a crushing jig, and a concave portion having an inner diameter of 120 mm and a depth of about 15 mm is formed on the upper part. A crushing jig made of a disk-shaped metal block having an outer diameter of 140 mm and a height of about 20 mm and a mass of about 1 kg was used. When crushing work is performed using this crushing jig, the ore particles before pulverization are placed on a surface plate, and the ore particles are rubbed on the bottom surface of the crushing jig from above.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 53-0126889

However, it is difficult for a worker with a small hand to grip the outer edge with a crushing jig having an outer diameter of about 140 mm as described above, so it is difficult to move the crushing jig while applying a force to the entire bottom surface. Therefore, the crushing work sometimes took too much time. Especially for workers who are not accustomed to hard work, it has become a problem that it takes more time. The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the conventional crushing jig described above, and it is easy for a worker with a small hand to apply a force to the entire bottom surface, so that the crushing work can be performed efficiently. The purpose is to provide a crushing jig.

The present inventor often takes too much time for the crushing work with the conventional crushing jig, and as a result of investigating the cause, the conventional crushing jig is difficult to grip if the size of the hand is small as described above. It turned out that it was difficult to apply force to the bottom surface. Therefore, it has been found that the above object can be achieved by providing a gripping portion that can be gripped directly above the central portion of the bottom surface, and the present invention has been completed. That is, the crushing jig according to the present invention has a disk-shaped base having a flat bottom surface and an outer diameter of 100 to 150 mm and a wall thickness of 5 to 10 mm, and a height of 20 to 40 mm erected from the peripheral edge of the disk-shaped base. It consists of a cylindrical part with a wall thickness of 5 to 10 mm, and is a metal crushing jig that crushes an ore sample ( a stone mill composed of a set of upper and lower pieces, which is substantially disk-shaped or substantially columnar, and its shape. (Excluding the rotary mortar that rotates around the central axis ), a metal grip portion having a cross-shaped plan view is fitted inside the cylindrical portion, and the grip portion is generally in the shape of a disk. It is characterized in that it is provided at a distance of at least 15 mm from the upper surface of the base.

The crushing method according to the present invention is a method of crushing an ore sample having a particle size of several tens to several hundreds of microns using a crushing jig to a size of several micron order. Is placed in a range narrower than the bottom surface of the crushing jig on the surface plate, then the crushing jig is placed on the ore sample, the grip portion is gripped, and the entire crushing jig is fixed. It is characterized by grinding the ore sample by making a circular motion along the upper surface of the plate.

According to the present invention, even an operator with a small hand can easily apply a force to the entire bottom surface, so that the ore sample can be efficiently crushed.

It is a block flow diagram which shows the method of generating the ore sample which is the object of crushing of the crushing jig of this invention. It is a perspective view of the conventional crushing jig. It is a front view of a specific example of a crushing jig of this invention, and the arrow view at the AA cut surface. It is a perspective view which shows the state which the ore sample is crushed by using the crushing jig of FIG.

First, an ore sample to be crushed by the crushing jig according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Since the ore mined from the mine is lumpy and transferred to the outside of the mine, its size is usually about several tens of centimeters at the maximum. This lumpy ore is about several tens of μm in the crushing step S1 with a crushing device such as a jaw crusher or a ball mill so that it can be easily handled in the flotation (also simply called flotation) process and the smelting process. It is pulverized to a powder size of about several hundred μm.

The ore crushed to the order of several tens to several hundreds of microns is then made into a slurry by adding water in the slurrying step S2 for processing by flotation. At that time, since the particles are usually surface-treated (also referred to as conditioning), a conditioning agent such as an acidic compound or an alkaline compound is added. The ore slurry prepared in the slurrying step S2 is then floated by adding a foaming agent for generating bubbles in the flotation step S3 and a collecting agent as a kind of conditioning agent. Will be done.

In the above-mentioned flotation step S3, the surface of the particles containing a large amount of the target metal component is usually made hydrophobic so that bubbles are attached to float the slurry, and the particles are recovered together with the bubbles floating on the surface. The particles on the floating side are called floating ores, and the sample sampled from these particles is called a floating ore sample. On the other hand, the particles having a small amount of the target metal component have a hydrophilic surface to suppress the adhesion of bubbles and settle in the slurry. The particles on the settling side are called sedimentation, and the sample sampled from these particles is called the ore sample on the settling side. The size of each of the two types of ore samples obtained in the flotation step S3 is about several tens of μm to several hundreds of μm, which is about the same as the size of the ore before flotation.

As described above, the effect of conditioning and the effect of flotation conditions are confirmed by analyzing the metal components contained in these flotation-side ore samples and sedimentation-side ore samples, as well as the ore before flotation sampled as necessary. can do. In addition, it can be useful for analysis of flotation and flotation obtained in the flotation test, conditioning, and selection of an appropriate type of drug to be added in the flotation process and an optimum amount thereof. Furthermore, the above analysis results can be used to fine-tune the operating conditions during actual operation as the ore changes depending on the mining situation.

As a method for analyzing the above ore sample, an ICP (radio frequency inductively coupled plasma) analysis method (hereinafter referred to as ICP analysis) is preferable because the time required for analysis is relatively short and the analysis accuracy is high. As a procedure for this ICP analysis, for example, a sample of 0.5 g is dissolved by treating with hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide solution or the like to prepare a sample solution of about 100 mL, and this sample solution is analyzed. Analysis is performed by setting it in the device.

It is widely known that the preparation of accurate samples, that is, the representativeness of analytical samples, is important for this analysis. In the case of the flotation test, highly reliable test results cannot be obtained unless the test is of a scale to obtain at least 100 g of flotation and sedimentation due to the request of the equipment size. It is desirable to reduce the amount to about 0.5 g without impairing the representativeness.

However, since the size of the particles contained in the ore sample is several hundred μm at the maximum as described above, it is often a factor that hinders proper reduction. That is, the particles contained in the ore sample may have a specific mineral size of about 200 μm, which is a state in which the metal component contained in the specific mineral is localized in the ore sample, and thus is reduced. This is because the analysis result of the sampled ore fluctuates greatly depending on whether or not the particles are selected at the time.

Therefore, by reducing the size of the particles of the ore sample to the extent that the above-mentioned localization of the metal component hardly causes an adverse effect and then performing an appropriate fractionation operation, the average composition can be obtained regardless of which part is selected. Obtainable. The size of such an ore sample having good so-called elemental separability is generally about several μm. Therefore, conventionally, the ore sample has been crushed to a size of about several μm by using a crushing jig as shown in FIG. However, the conventional crushing jig has a gripping portion only on the upper peripheral portion of the jig, and for a worker whose hand size is smaller than the outer diameter of this peripheral peripheral portion, it is necessary to grip the jig from the upper side so as to cover the whole. Since it was difficult, it was difficult to apply force during crushing, and it took time to crush.

On the other hand, the crushing jig 10 of the embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIG. 3 is formed from a disk-shaped base 11 made of metal such as iron having a flat bottom surface and a peripheral portion of the disk-shaped base 11. It is composed of a cylindrical portion 12 made of metal such as iron to be erected, and a grip portion 13 having a cross-shaped plan view, preferably made of the same material as the cylindrical portion 12, is a circle so as to be fitted inside the cylindrical portion 12. It is provided apart from the upper surface of the plate-shaped base 11. As a result, even an operator with a small hand can grip the central portion of the grip portion 13 and make the entire crushing jig 10 make a circular motion as shown in FIG. 4, and thus the entire bottom surface of the crushing jig 10 can be moved. Since force can be applied, crushing work can be performed efficiently.

That is, after a predetermined amount of ore sample is placed in a range narrower than the bottom surface of the disk-shaped base 11 of the crushing jig 10 on the surface plate, the crushing jig 10 is placed on the placed ore sample. The ore sample can be efficiently crushed by grasping the central cross portion of the grip portion 13 with one hand and causing the entire crushing jig 10 to make a circular motion along the upper surface of the surface plate.

The size of the crushing jig 10 is not particularly limited as long as the operator can make a circular motion along the upper surface of the surface plate by himself. For example, the disc-shaped base 11 has an outer diameter of about 100 to 150 mm. The wall thickness is preferably about 5 to 10 mm. Further, the cylindrical portion 12 preferably has a height of about 20 to 40 mm and a wall thickness of about 5 to 10 mm. The crushing jig 10 may be a disk-shaped base portion 11 and a cylindrical portion 12 joined to each other by welding or the like, or may be an integrally molded product. Further, the grip portion 13 may be joined to the inner wall portion or the upper end portion of the cylindrical portion 12 by welding, or may be detachably attached by a connecting means such as screwing.

The grip portion 13 is preferably separated from the upper surface of the disc-shaped base 11 by at least 15 mm, more preferably 25 mm or more, and most preferably 35 mm or more. This makes it possible for an operator with a slightly thick finger to easily grip the finger. Further, the grip portion 13 is preferably composed of four rod-shaped members extending radially from the central portion thereof toward the cylindrical portion 12, and each rod-shaped member is preferably formed of a prism member flat in the horizontal direction. Specifically, it is preferable that the cross-sectional shape when the rod-shaped member is cut on a plane perpendicular to the extending direction has an aspect ratio of about 1.5 to 3 in the horizontal direction with respect to the vertical length 1. As a result, the height of the crushing jig 10 as a whole can be kept low while ensuring the above-mentioned separation distance between the grip portion 13 and the upper surface of the disc-shaped base portion 11, so that workability is improved.

It is preferable that each of the four rod-shaped members constituting the grip portion 13 has a metal support portion 14 erected from the disk-shaped base portion 11 at the end portion on the cylindrical portion 12 side. The support portion 14 may be a rod-shaped metal member bonded to at least the end portion of the grip portion 13 by welding or the like, or as shown in FIG. 3, a cylinder of four rod-shaped members constituting the grip portion 13. It may be formed by bending each end portion on the portion 12 side downward. As a result, there is less risk that a finger that wraps around to the lower side of the grip portion 13 for gripping will be pinched between the grip portion 13 and the disc-shaped base portion 11 and injured.

[Example]
First, as a crushing jig 10, as shown in FIG. 3, a height of 24 mm obtained by cutting a general structural carbon steel tube SS400 on the peripheral edge of a steel disk-shaped base 11 having an outer diameter of 140 mm and a wall thickness of 6 mm. A cylindrical portion 12 having a wall thickness of 6 mm is welded, and a steel grip portion 13 having a cross-shaped plan view made of horizontally flat square members having a width of 15 mm and a wall thickness of 6 mm is fitted therein. did. The end portion of the grip portion 13 on the cylindrical portion 12 side was bent downward by 90 degrees to form the support portion 14, so that the grip portion 13 was separated from the upper surface of the disk-shaped base 11 by 16 mm.

Next, as an ore sample, it has a size of about several tens of μm to several hundreds of μm, Cu is 1% by mass, Fe is 4% by mass, SiO ₂ is 54% by mass, Al ₂ O ₃ is 16% by mass, and others are used. Those containing 25% by mass were prepared. In order to make this ore sample a size on the order of several μm, 100 g of the ore sample is placed on a surface plate, and the above-mentioned crushing jig 10 is placed on the surface plate so as to make a circular motion on the surface plate. The crushing work was done by rubbing. As a result, 4 samples could be crushed per hour by a female worker with a relatively small hand.

[Comparison example]
For comparison, as shown in FIG. 2, the ore sample is on the order of several μm in the same manner as in the above embodiment using the same crushing jig as in the above embodiment except that the support portion 14 having the shape of a cross in a plan view is not provided. Crushed to size. As a result, it was finally possible to crush one sample per hour.

S1 crushing process S2 slurrying process S3 flotation process 10 crushing jig 11 disk-shaped base 12 cylindrical part 13 gripping part 14 support part

Claims (6)

From a disc-shaped base with a flat bottom surface and an outer diameter of 100 to 150 mm and a wall thickness of 5 to 10 mm, and a cylindrical portion having a height of 20 to 40 mm and a wall thickness of 5 to 10 mm standing from the peripheral edge of the disc-shaped base. A metal crushing jig that crushes an ore sample (excluding a rotating mortar that is a substantially disk-shaped or approximately columnar cylinder and is rotated around its central axis among a set of upper and lower stone mortars). ), A metal grip portion having a cross-shaped plan view is fitted inside the cylindrical portion, and the grip portion is provided as a whole at a distance of at least 15 mm from the upper surface of the disk-shaped base. A crushing jig characterized by being The crushing jig according to claim 1, wherein the grip portion is isolated from the upper surface of the disc-shaped base by at least 15 mm. The grip portion is composed of four rod-shaped members extending radially from the central portion toward the cylindrical portion, and each rod-shaped member is formed of a horizontally flat prism member. The crushing jig according to 1 or 2. The crushing jig according to claim 3, wherein each of the four rod-shaped members has a support portion erected from the disk-shaped base portion at the end portion on the cylindrical portion side. A method of crushing an ore sample having a size of several tens to several hundreds of microns using the crushing jig according to any one of claims 1 to 4 to a size of several microns. After placing the ore sample on the surface plate within a range narrower than the bottom surface of the crushing jig, the crushing jig is placed on the ore sample, and the grip portion is gripped to obtain the entire crushing jig. A method for crushing an ore sample, which comprises grinding the ore sample by making a circular motion along the upper surface of the surface plate. The crushing method according to claim 5, wherein 100 g of concentrate or tailing is reduced as the ore sample to obtain 0.5 g of a representative sample for ICP analysis.

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