JP7099790B2 - Operation control method for air volume adjustment damper - Google Patents

Description

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, the operation of a butterfly type air volume adjusting damper powered by a stepping motor, which is installed in an outlet chamber or duct of an air conditioning system of a building or a house and adjusts the air volume supplied to a target area of air conditioning. Regarding the control method.

The conventional general air volume adjusting damper device is provided with an air volume sensor on the upstream side, and the damper opening is adjusted so that the measured value becomes the target air volume.

When installing the air volume sensor, the number of parts increases and wiring is required. Furthermore, a rectifying mechanism or a straight pipe section is provided on the upstream side of the air volume sensor, and the air volume sensor and the damper on the downstream side are installed. In the meantime, it is necessary to take measures such as providing a distance that does not affect each other due to the turbulence of the flow generated by each of them, which leads to an increase in size and weight of the device. Further, by installing the air volume sensor, the rectifying mechanism, and the like, the cross-sectional area of the ventilation path is partially narrowed, so that the pressure loss and noise in the ventilation path increase.

Therefore, without installing an air volume sensor, the air volume is estimated based on the static pressure generated by the air conditioner, the number of rotations of the fan, the opening information of each damper connected to the same air conditioning system, and the damper opening. It is also carried out to control.

As such a conventional air volume adjusting damper device, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses it.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-63404

In particular, an air conditioner (air handling unit) generally used in a building or the like can supply conditioned air at a high static pressure. Therefore, an air conditioning system equipped with such an air conditioner has an air volume sensor. When an air volume adjustment damper device that is not installed is applied, the air volume and static pressure that the air conditioner should generate are calculated based on the opening information of each damper connected to the same air conditioning system, and the fan rotation speed is calculated. Etc. are controlled so that excessive static pressure is not applied to the upstream side of each damper. However, when most of the dampers are closed, there is a possibility that excessive static pressure will be applied to the upstream side of the damper due to some control malfunction in the air conditioning system. If one or several dampers in the closed state are opened by the air volume adjustment damper device due to some control problem in the above, there is a risk that an excessive air volume exceeding the rated air volume will flow to the damper. .. Further, at this time, since the air volume adjusting damper device does not have an air volume sensor, there is a problem that the air conditioning system cannot grasp that an excessive air volume is flowing.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and limits the flow of excessive air volume only with a butterfly type damper without installing an air volume sensor, and raises the excessive air volume generation alarm. It is an object of the present invention to provide an operation control method of an air volume adjusting damper that can be output to an air conditioning control system or the like.

The operation control method of the air volume adjusting damper according to the present invention is to control the operation of the air volume adjusting damper provided with a butterfly type damper that adjusts the air volume of the air flowing in the ventilation path by opening and closing by the rotational drive of the stepping motor. It is a method, and when an excessive air volume exceeding the rated air volume is generated by the opening operation of the damper, the opening operation of the damper is stopped by generating a torque exceeding the rated torque in the closing direction on the damper due to the excessive air volume. It includes a step of stepping out of stepping motor, a detection step of detecting stepping out of stepping motor, and an output step of outputting an excessive air volume generation alarm when stepping out of stepping motor is detected. It is characterized by.

According to the present invention, it is possible to limit the flow of an excessive air volume with only a butterfly type damper without installing an air volume sensor, and output an excessive air volume generation alarm to a higher-level air conditioning control system or the like.

It is a figure which showed the structure of the air volume adjustment damper mechanism to which the operation control method of the air volume adjustment damper which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention is applied. FIG. 1A is a diagram showing a fully closed state of the damper. FIG. 1B is a diagram showing a fully open state of the damper. It is a figure which showed the structure of the air volume adjustment damper mechanism to which the operation control method of the air volume adjustment damper which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention is applied. FIG. 2A is a diagram showing a fully closed state of the damper. FIG. 2B is a diagram showing a fully open state of the damper. It is a figure which showed the simulation result for demonstrating the reason why the torque in a closing direction is generated for a butterfly type damper. FIG. 3A is a diagram showing a wind speed distribution and a wind speed vector around a damper. FIG. 3B is a diagram showing the pressure distribution around the damper.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Embodiment 1.
1A and 1B are views showing the configuration of an air volume adjusting damper mechanism to which the operation control method of the air volume adjusting damper according to the first embodiment is applied. FIG. 1A is a diagram showing a fully closed state of the damper, and FIG. 1B is a diagram showing a fully open state of the damper.

As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the air volume adjusting damper mechanism is provided in the ventilation passage 30 connected to the air conditioner. This air volume adjusting damper mechanism adjusts the air volume of the air flowing in the ventilation passage 30 by opening and closing the damper 11 and changing the opening area of the ventilation passage 30 by using the stepping motor 14 as a power source.

The air volume adjusting damper mechanism includes a damper 11, a base bracket 12, a damper bracket 13, a stepping motor 14, and a link mechanism 15.

The damper 11 has a disk shape and is a so-called butterfly type damper. The damper 11 adjusts or shuts off the air volume of the air flowing in the ventilation passage 30.

The fully closed state of the damper 11 is a state in which the damper surface on the front surface of the damper 11 is arranged so as to be substantially orthogonal to the air flow direction, as shown in FIG. 1A. Further, the fully open state of the damper 11 is a state in which the damper surface of the damper 11 is arranged so as to be substantially parallel to the air flow direction, as shown in FIG. 1B.

The base bracket 12 supports the damper 11 so as to be openable and closable, and has mounting portions 12a and 12b and receiving portions for the support shaft 12c. The mounting portions 12a and 12b are fixed to the ventilation passage 30. The support shaft 12c is rotatably held by two receiving portions formed on the base bracket 12.

The damper bracket 13 supports the rear surface of the damper 11, and has a receiving portion of the support shaft 12c like the base bracket 12, and is rotatably supported via the support shaft 12c. There is. That is, the damper 11 rotates around the support shaft 12c as the center of rotation to open and close the ventilation passage 30, so that the air volume of the air flowing in the ventilation passage 30 can be adjusted.

The stepping motor 14 opens and closes the damper 11. That is, the stepping motor 14 generates a rotational driving force (torque) for opening and closing the damper 11 on its rotary shaft. The stepping motor 14 is fixed to the base bracket 12 by bolts or the like while passing the rotating shaft through a hole having a diameter larger than the diameter of the rotating shaft provided in the base bracket 12.

The link mechanism 15 connects the rotation shaft of the stepping motor 14 and the damper bracket 13, and converts the rotational driving force of the stepping motor 14 into the opening / closing operation of the damper 11. The link mechanism 15 has arms 15a and 15b and a connecting shaft 15c. The rotation shaft of the stepping motor 14 is fixed to the hole provided at one end of the arm 15a by bolts, press-fitting, or the like in a state of being penetrated. One end of the arm 15b is rotatably supported by the damper bracket 13. The other ends of the arms 15a and 15b are rotatably connected to each other via the connecting shaft 15c. The arms 15a and 15b are often made of resin.

Therefore, when the damper 11 is opened, the air volume adjusting damper mechanism drives the stepping motor 14 in a forward rotation from the state shown in FIG. 1A, for example. As a result, in the link mechanism 15, the arm 15a rotates with the forward rotation drive of the rotation shaft of the stepping motor 14, so that the arm 15b connected to the arm 15a by the connecting shaft 15c also rotates. As a result, the damper bracket 13 pulled by the arm 15b rotates with respect to the base bracket 12 so as to fall down. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1B, the damper 11 rotates in the opening direction and is finally positioned at the fully open position. When the damper 11 is positioned at the fully open position in this way, the air volume of the air flowing in the ventilation passage 30 becomes maximum.

Further, when the damper 11 is closed, the air volume adjusting damper mechanism drives the stepping motor 14 in the reverse rotation from the state shown in FIG. 1B, for example. As a result, in the link mechanism 15, the arm 15a rotates with the reverse rotation drive of the rotation shaft of the stepping motor 14, so that the arm 15b connected to the arm 15a by the connecting shaft 15c also rotates. As a result, the damper bracket 13 pushed by the arm 15b rotates with respect to the base bracket 12 so as to stand up. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1A, the damper 11 rotates in the closing direction and is finally positioned at the fully closed position. When the damper 11 is positioned in the fully closed position in this way, the air volume of the air flowing in the ventilation passage 30 is blocked, or a gap is provided between the outer periphery of the damper 11 and the inner peripheral surface of the ventilation passage 30. If so, it is set to the lowest value.

Further, the air volume adjusting damper mechanism rotates the stepping motor 14 to move the damper 11 to an arbitrary opening position between the fully closed position and the fully open position according to the number of pulses applied to the stepping motor 14. Can be positioned to. However, a slight amount of deviation corresponding to the amount of play caused by the backlash of the link mechanism 15 occurs at the opening position of the damper 11. Further, when the stepping motor 14 is a motor with a gear, a deviation amount corresponding to the sum of the backlash of the gear and the backlash of the link mechanism 15 is generated at the opening position of the damper 11. ..

Next, the point of view of the invention in the operation control method of the air volume adjusting damper according to the first embodiment will be described.

In the butterfly type damper 11, torque is generated in the closing direction according to the magnitude of the air volume (wind speed). Further, in the stepping motor 14, if a torque equal to or higher than the generated dynamic torque is applied during rotation, the stepping motor 14 is stepped out and the rotation is stopped. We focused on the fact that a method for detecting changes from various changes has been realized.

That is, in the operation control method of the air volume adjusting damper according to the first embodiment, the rotation of the damper 11 in the opening direction is stopped at a predetermined air volume exceeding the rated air volume, and the stepping motor 14 is stepped out (stall). By selecting and using a motor with such a dynamic torque and driving conditions (operating frequency, excitation form such as 2-phase excitation or 1-2-phase excitation), the opening direction of the damper 11 is increased by a predetermined excessive air volume or more. The rotation to is stopped and the increase in air volume is limited. Further, in the operation control method of the air volume adjusting damper according to the first embodiment, an excellent function of being able to output an excessive air volume generation alarm to a higher-level air conditioning control device by detecting stepping-out of the stepping motor 14. Can be provided.

Therefore, the upper air-conditioning control device that received the excessive air volume generation alarm signal reduces the rotation speed of the fan, lowers the static pressure and air volume, and opens other dampers connected to the duct of the same series. , Excessive air volume can be quickly eliminated.

Since the torque of the damper 11 generated by the air volume always acts in the closing direction, the stepping motor 14 can be driven in the closing direction without any trouble even when the air volume is excessive, and the damper 11 is quickly closed to further increase the air volume. It can also be restricted.

Further, since there are various known techniques for detecting step-out of the stepping motor 14 using changes in the drive voltage or the drive current, an appropriate technique may be selected from among them.

Therefore, the air volume adjusting damper mechanism has a step-out detecting means capable of detecting the step-out of the stepping motor 14. The stepping detection means detects that the stepping motor 14 has stepped out while the damper 11 is open.

The stepping motor 14 and its driving conditions do not step out with respect to the torque in the closing direction generated by the air volume below the rated air volume when the damper 11 is open, and the excessive air volume exceeds the rated air volume. It has the characteristic of stepping out with respect to the torque in the closing direction generated by. Here, the torque in the closing direction generated by the excessive air volume exceeding the rated air volume, that is, the torque for the stepping motor 14 to step out, is, for example, the dynamic torque of the motor due to individual differences in the motor and driver circuit, temperature characteristics, and the like. , The center value is determined in consideration of the variation of about 20 to 30%. Further, in the configuration in which the damper 11 is rotated via the link mechanism 15 composed of the arms 15a, 15b and the like as in the damper mechanism for adjusting the air volume according to the first embodiment, the lengths and rotation trajectories of the arms 15a and 15b. It is possible to have a ratio between the torque generated in the damper 11 and the torque generated in the rotating shaft of the stepping motor 14 by setting such as, but this ratio is approximately 1: 1 and the opening position. It is simpler and easier to use if the change in this ratio is set to be as small as possible.

Therefore, in the operation control method of the damper for adjusting the air volume, when the damper 11 is in the open operation and an excessive air volume is generated by the opening operation of the damper 11, the damper 11 is closed by the excessive air volume. Receives torque that exceeds the rated torque in the direction. As a result, the stepping motor 14 is stepped out (step out step), and the opening operation of the damper 11 is stopped accordingly. As a result, the air volume adjusting damper mechanism can limit the increase in the air volume due to the excessive air volume.

Next, the stepping detection means detects that the stepping motor 14 has stepped out when the stepping motor 14 has stepped out (detection step). Then, when the step-out detecting means detects the step-out of the stepping motor 14, the air volume adjusting damper mechanism transmits an excessive air volume generation alarm to a higher-level air conditioning control device (output step).

On the other hand, the air conditioning control device that has received the excessive air volume generation alarm lowers the rotation speed of the fan to reduce the static pressure applied to the upstream side of the damper 11, and the air volume supplied to the ventilation passage 30. By reducing the amount of air, the excessive air volume in the damper 11 can be quickly eliminated. Further, the air conditioning control device is provided in the damper 11 by rotating the damper in the opening direction in the air volume adjusting damper mechanism installed in another ventilation passage connected to the duct of the same series as the ventilation passage 30. The excessive air volume can be quickly eliminated.

Further, the air volume adjusting damper mechanism can output an excessive air volume generation alarm and rotate the damper 11 in the closing direction when the stepping detection means detects the stepping motor 14 to be out of step (air volume suppression step). .. As a result, the air volume adjusting damper mechanism can quickly avoid a state in which an excessive air volume flows.

Further, the air volume adjusting damper mechanism performs origin alignment of the stepping motor 14 that has been detuned when the excessive air volume is eliminated (origin adjustment step). The origin alignment of the stepping motor 14 may be performed by using a known method. For example, when the damper 11 is in the fully closed position or near the fully open position, a part of the arm 15a or the damper 11 that rotates in conjunction with the rotation axis of the stepping motor 14 mechanically hits in the rotation path. A contact origin positioning stopper mechanism is provided. Then, by rotating the stepping motor 14 and bringing a part of the arm 15a or the damper 11 into contact with the origin positioning stopper mechanism, the origin of the stepping motor 14 can be aligned. A known positioning sensor such as a limit switch or an optical sensor may be used instead of the origin positioning stopper mechanism. As a result, the air volume adjusting damper mechanism can reset the opening position of the damper 11 to the normal position before the occurrence of the excessive air volume.

From the above, the operation control method of the air volume adjusting damper according to the first embodiment is to limit the flow of the excessive air volume only by the butterfly type damper 11 without installing the air volume sensor, and to issue an excessive air volume generation alarm. It can be output to a higher-level air conditioning control system or the like.

Embodiment 2.
2A and 2B are views showing the configuration of an air volume adjusting damper mechanism to which the operation control method of the air volume adjusting damper according to the second embodiment is applied. FIG. 2A is a diagram showing a fully closed state of the damper, and FIG. 2B is a diagram showing a fully open state of the damper.

As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the air volume adjusting damper mechanism rotatably supports the rotating shaft 11a of the damper 11 in the ventilation passage 30 via the bearing 16. The rotation shaft 11a is arranged so as to pass through the center of the damper 11 and pass through the ventilation passage 30. Further, the rotary shaft 11a is connected to the rotary shaft of the stepping motor 14.

Therefore, since the structure and function of the air volume adjusting damper mechanism according to the second embodiment are basically the same as those of the air volume adjusting damper mechanism according to the first embodiment, the air volume adjusting damper according to the first embodiment described above is described. The same configuration and operation control method as the mechanism can be applied.

From the above, the operation control method of the air volume adjusting damper according to the second embodiment is to limit the flow of the excessive air volume only by the butterfly type damper 11 without installing the air volume sensor, and to issue an excessive air volume generation alarm. It can be output to a higher-level air conditioning control system or the like.

Next, the reason why the torque in the closing direction is generated in the butterfly type damper 11 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2A to 3B.

First, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the damper surface, which is the upstream side surface of the damper 11, can be divided into semicircular damper blades 11A and 11B with the rotation shaft 11a as a boundary. The damper blade 11A is a surface that protrudes toward the upstream side with the rotation shaft 11a as the rotation center when the damper 11 is opened. On the other hand, the damper blade 11B is a surface that protrudes toward the downstream side with the rotation shaft 11a as the rotation center when the damper 11 is opened.

Therefore, FIG. 3A is a diagram showing the air flow (wind speed distribution and wind speed vector) around the damper obtained by simulation. As shown in FIG. 3A, the tip portion (second part) of the damper blade 11B allows air to pass substantially in parallel along the damper blade 11B. On the other hand, the tip portion (I portion) of the damper blade 11A collides with the air so as to be substantially orthogonal to the damper blade 11A.

Further, FIG. 3B is a diagram showing the pressure distribution around the damper obtained by simulation. (It is difficult to understand because the color display is converted to gray display as it is.) As shown in FIG. 3B, the pressure at the tip portion (III part) of the damper blade 11A is at the tip portion (IV part) of the damper blade 11B. It is higher than the pressure.

Therefore, as is clear from FIGS. 3A and 3B, the flow of the supplied air pushes the damper blade 11A located so as to protrude to the upstream side more strongly than the damper blade 11B located on the downstream side. .. Therefore, the damper 11 in the open state (intermediate opening state between fully closed and fully open) receives torque in the closing direction due to the supplied air.

The reason why the torque in the closing direction is generated with respect to the butterfly type damper 11 described above is also applied to the damper 11 of the air volume adjusting damper mechanism shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B. Also in the damper 11 shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the damper blade 11A is a surface that protrudes toward the upstream side when the damper 11 is opened, while the damper blade 11B is when the damper 11 is opened. In addition, it is a surface that protrudes toward the downstream side.

Next, the characteristics of the torque acting on the damper 11 change depending on the shape of the damper, and an example thereof will be described below.

The relationship between the opening position of the damper 11 and the torque in the closing direction of the damper 11 is a gentle parabola in which the torque becomes the maximum value when the opening position is about 40 ° to 50 ° under the condition that the air volume is constant. It becomes a characteristic that draws. Further, the damper 11 having such characteristics acts on the damper blades 11A and 11B because the air flow states in the damper blades 11A and 11B are almost the same in the vicinity of the fully closed position and the vicinity of the fully open position. The forces are almost balanced, and almost no torque is generated in the damper 11.

Further, the relationship between the opening position of the damper 11 and the air volume adjusted by the damper 11 is such that when the opening position is in the vicinity of the fully closed position to 20 °, the change in air volume with respect to the change in the opening position is small, but the opening position. When the temperature exceeds about 20 °, the change in air volume sharply increases, and when the opening position is from 80 ° to near the fully open position, the change in air volume becomes small. At this time, the air volume is substantially proportional to the square of the opening position (angle) as long as the opening position is limited to the range of the intermediate portion of about 20 ° to 80 °.

On the other hand, the torque acting on the damper 11 is substantially proportional to the square of the air volume. As a result, when the magnitude of the static pressure applied to the upstream side of the damper 11 is almost constant, the torque acting on the damper 11 is the opening position (angle) when the opening position is about 20 ° to 80 °. ) Will increase sharply in proportion to the fourth power.

In the present invention, within the scope of the invention, any combination of the embodiments, modification of any component in each embodiment, or omission of any component in each embodiment can be omitted. It is possible.

11 Damper 11a Rotating shaft 12 Base bracket 12a, 12b Mounting part 12c Support shaft 13 Damper bracket 14 Stepping motor 15 Link mechanism 15a, 15b Arm 15c Connecting shaft 16 Bearing 30 Ventilation path

Claims (4)

It is an operation control method of the air volume adjustment damper equipped with a butterfly type damper that adjusts the air volume of the air flowing in the ventilation path by opening and closing by the rotary drive of the stepping motor.
When an excessive air volume exceeding the rated air volume is generated by the opening operation of the damper, the excessive air volume causes the damper to generate a torque exceeding the rated torque in the closing direction to stop the opening operation of the damper. Then, the step-out step of stepping-out of the stepping motor and
A detection step for detecting step-out of the stepping motor, and
A method for controlling the operation of an air volume adjusting damper, which comprises an output step for outputting an excessive air volume generation alarm when a stepping-out of the stepping motor is detected. The operation control method for an air volume adjusting damper according to claim 1, further comprising an air volume suppressing step for rotating the damper in the closing direction when a step-out of the stepping motor is detected. The operation control method for an air volume adjusting damper according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising an origin adjusting step for performing origin alignment of the stepping motor that has been detuned. The output step is
The operation control method for an air volume adjusting damper according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an excessive air volume generation alarm signal is output to a higher-level air conditioning control device.

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