JP7101159B2 - Waste treatment system - Google Patents

Description

This disclosure relates to a waste treatment system.

Effective utilization of unused biomass such as municipal waste discharged from households, food factories, agricultural waste such as rice straw, straw, palm residue, livestock manure, and sewage sludge is desired. For example, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, the waste is hydrothermally treated, and a solid fuel (fuel) is produced from the solid phase of the reaction product obtained by the hydrothermal treatment. Then, steam is generated using the combustion energy generated by the combustion of the solid fuel, and the above-mentioned hydroheat treatment is performed using the generated steam.

Special Table 2013-511386 (particularly see FIG. 2)

The amount of waste varies depending on the collection conditions such as the collection time zone, season, and collection location. Therefore, the amount of steam used for hydrothermal treatment also varies depending on the collection conditions. However, in the technique described in Patent Document 1 above, the fuel produced from the reaction product of the hydrothermal treatment is burned as it is, and the amount of steam cannot be changed arbitrarily. Therefore, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, the amount of steam cannot be changed according to the amount of waste.

At least one embodiment of the present invention aims to provide a waste treatment system in which the amount of steam can be changed according to the amount of waste.

In order to achieve the above object, the waste treatment system according to the present disclosure is a waste treatment system for performing hydrothermal treatment of waste, and for performing the hydrothermal treatment by contact of steam with the waste. At least one hydrothermal treatment apparatus, a fuel production apparatus for producing solid fuel from the solid of the hydrothermal reaction product, a first storage facility for storing the solid fuel, and the hydrothermal treatment apparatus. At least two steam generators for generating the steam supplied to , a gasifier for gasifying the solid fuel to generate fuel gas, and the fuel gas generated in the gasifier. The at least one hydrothermal treatment apparatus includes a second storage facility for storing fuel , a housing into which steam is injected, a charging port for charging the waste into the housing, and the housing. It is a batch type hydrothermal heat treatment device including a discharge port for discharging the reactant from the fuel, and the at least two steam generators generate the steam by using the combustion energy generated by the combustion of the solid fuel. It includes a first steam generator and a second steam generator that generates the steam by using the combustion energy generated by the combustion of the fuel gas .

According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to provide a waste treatment system and a waste treatment method capable of changing the amount of water vapor according to the amount of waste.

It is a system diagram of the waste treatment system which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a system diagram of the waste treatment system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a system diagram of the waste treatment system which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a system diagram of the waste treatment system which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a system diagram of the waste treatment system which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is a system diagram of the waste treatment system which concerns on 6th Embodiment of this invention. It is a system diagram of the waste treatment system which concerns on 7th Embodiment of this invention. It is a system diagram of the waste treatment system which concerns on 8th Embodiment of this invention. It is a system diagram of the waste treatment system which concerns on 9th Embodiment of this invention. It is a system diagram of the waste treatment system which concerns on 10th Embodiment of this invention. It is a system diagram of the waste treatment system which concerns on 11th Embodiment of this invention. It is a system diagram of the waste treatment system which concerns on the twelfth embodiment of this invention. It is a system diagram of the waste treatment system which concerns on 13th Embodiment of this invention. It is a system diagram of the waste treatment system which concerns on 14th Embodiment of this invention. It is a system diagram of the waste treatment system which concerns on 15th Embodiment of this invention. It is a system diagram of the waste treatment system which concerns on the 16th Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the hydrothermal treatment apparatus which concerns on 17th Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the hydrothermal treatment apparatus which concerns on 18th Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the flow of steam when a plurality of unit water heat treatment apparatus are used together. It is a figure for demonstrating the operation in each unit water heat treatment apparatus when a plurality of unit hydroheat treatment apparatus are used together. It is a time chart which shows the change of the internal pressure in each unit hydroheat treatment apparatus shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, some embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the contents described as the embodiments below or the contents described in the drawings are merely examples, and can be arbitrarily modified and implemented without departing from the gist of the present invention. In addition, each embodiment can be implemented by arbitrarily combining two or more. Further, in each embodiment, the common members are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be omitted for the sake of simplification of description.

Further, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, etc. of the components described as embodiments or shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to this, but are merely explanatory examples. do not have.
For example, expressions that represent relative or absolute arrangements such as "in one direction", "along a certain direction", "parallel", "orthogonal", "center", "concentric" or "coaxial" are exact. Not only does it represent such an arrangement, but it also represents a tolerance or a state of relative displacement at an angle or distance to the extent that the same function can be obtained.
For example, expressions such as "same", "equal", and "homogeneous" that indicate that things are in the same state not only represent exactly the same state, but also have tolerances or differences to the extent that the same function can be obtained. It shall also represent the existing state.
For example, an expression representing a shape such as a square shape or a cylindrical shape not only represents a shape such as a square shape or a cylindrical shape in a geometrically strict sense, but also an uneven portion or a chamfering within a range where the same effect can be obtained. It shall also represent the shape including the part and the like.
On the other hand, the expressions "equipped", "equipped", "equipped", "included", or "have" one component are not exclusive expressions excluding the existence of other components.

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a waste treatment system 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The waste treatment system 100 is a system for performing hydrothermal treatment of waste. The waste treatment system 100 includes a hydrothermal heat treatment apparatus 10 (fuel production apparatus), a solid-liquid separation apparatus 11 (fuel production apparatus), a drying apparatus 12 (fuel production apparatus), and a classification apparatus 13 for performing the hydrothermal treatment. (Fuel production device), molding device 14 (fuel production device), storage facility 8, gasification furnace 15, methane fermentation device 16, storage facility 9, gas engine 17, waste heat recovery boiler 18. To prepare for. Hereinafter, each device will be described while explaining the flow of each component derived from waste.

The waste treated in the waste treatment system 100 (for example, waste containing organic matter, specifically, waste containing biomass, for example) is subjected to hydrothermal treatment in the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10. Specifically, in the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10, the above hydrothermal treatment is performed by contacting steam (steam; the same applies hereinafter) with waste (exemplified unsorted waste in FIG. 1). The steam used for the hydrothermal treatment is supplied from the exhaust heat recovery boiler 18, which will be described later.

The hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10 includes, for example, a batch type hydrothermal treatment apparatus. Thereby, for example, the waste can be directly put into the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10 from a vehicle (not shown) for collecting the waste, and the waste treatment system 100 can be made pitless. The specific structure of the batch type water treatment apparatus can be, for example, the structure shown in FIGS. 17, 18 and the like described later.

The conditions for the hydrothermal treatment are not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 140 ° C. or higher and 250 ° C. or lower, 1.5 MPa or higher and 2.5 MPa, and the reaction time may be 15 minutes or longer and 2 hours or lower.

The reaction product obtained by the hydrothermal treatment is supplied to the solid-liquid separation device 11 (fuel production device). The solid-liquid separation device 11 is composed of, for example, a filtration device, a centrifuge device, and the like. In the solid-liquid separation device 11, the reaction product obtained by the hydrothermal treatment is separated into solid and liquid components.

The separated solid is fueled by a fuel production device for producing solid fuel from the solid of the hydrothermal reaction product. Specifically, the separated solid is a solid reactant obtained in the hydrothermal heat treatment apparatus 10 (fuel production apparatus), and is a drying apparatus 12 (fuel production apparatus) for drying the solid of the reactant containing water. ) Allows it to be sufficiently dried. This makes it possible to dry the reaction product of the hydrothermal treatment to produce a solid fuel (granular dried product) that is easily combusted. In addition to this dried product, when an inorganic component such as a metal is mixed, the inorganic component is removed by a sorting device (fuel manufacturing device) (not shown). Then, in the classification device 13 (fuel manufacturing device), for example, by using a sieve or the like, the dried products are sorted for each dried product of the same size, and the dried products having a large particle size are recycled to the hydrothermal treatment device 10 again. Will be done.
As another implementation method, a crushing facility may be installed at the outlet of the solid-liquid separation device or the outlet of the drying device in order to make the dried product having a large particle size finer.

Finally, in the molding apparatus 14 (fuel production apparatus), the dried products of each size are mixed in equal amounts and then molded. At this time, molding may be performed using a binder. That is, the mixture and the binder may be brought into contact with each other for molding. As the binder, for example, lignin, starch and the like can be used. As a result, the dried product is bound to obtain fuel pellets (solid fuel) which are pellet-shaped fuels. The fuel pellets are stored in a storage facility 8 (eg, storage, first storage facility) for storing solid fuel produced from the hydrothermal reaction product.

As described above, by producing the fuel pellets from the above-mentioned solid reactant, the fuel can be stored as pellets and the fuel can be burned according to the electric power demand. Further, by manufacturing the fuel pellets using the binder, the voids contained in the fuel pellets can be filled by the binder. As a result, the contact area of the fuel pellet with air can be reduced, and the storage stability can be improved.

The fuel pellets produced in this way may be stored as described above or shipped as a product.

The fuel pellets stored in the storage facility 8 are taken out according to the required amount of steam in the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10, and the gasification furnace 15 for gasifying the fuel pellets (solid fuel) to generate fuel gas (15). For example, it is steamed at a high temperature in a fluid bed). As a result, fuel gas containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide, etc. is generated, and this fuel gas is stored in a storage facility 9 (for example, a gas holder; a second storage facility, a third) for storing the fuel gas generated in the gasifier 15. It is stored in a storage facility). By providing the storage facilities 8 and 9, both the solid fuel and the fuel gas generated from the solid fuel can be stored.

On the other hand, the liquid separated by the solid-liquid separation device 11 is supplied to the methane fermentation device 16. Further, the methane fermentation apparatus 16 is also supplied with biomass contained in the above waste (Fig. 1, exemplifying food waste). The methane fermentation apparatus 16 is for fermenting biomass with methane, and is, for example, a fermentation tank containing methane fermenting bacteria. Therefore, in the methane fermentation apparatus 16, methane fermentation of biomass and the above liquid is performed. This produces biogas. The methane fermentation can be carried out, for example, under anaerobic conditions at 30 ° C. or higher and 60 ° C. or lower, preferably 50 ° C. or higher and 60 ° C. or lower. Can be done at.

The biogas generated in the methane fermentation apparatus 16 is a gas containing at least methane, more specifically, a mixed gas containing, for example, methane and carbon dioxide, and is discharged from the methane fermentation apparatus 16. Therefore, the biogas is purified by a purification device (not shown), and the purified biogas is stored in the above-mentioned storage facility 9 (for example, a gas holder; a second storage facility and a third storage facility). By providing the storage facilities 8 and 9, both the solid fuel and the biogas (for example, methane) produced from the reaction product of the hydrothermal treatment can be stored. Here, the biogas is stored in the same storage facility 9 together with the fuel gas generated in the gasification furnace 15, but may be stored in a different storage facility. On the other hand, the residue after methane fermentation in the methane fermentation apparatus 16 is discharged from the methane fermentation apparatus 16 and is used or incinerated as compost, for example.

The biogas and fuel gas stored in the storage facility 9 are supplied to the gas engine 17 (power generation device). Here, in the gas engine 17, a generator main body (power generation device) (not shown) is connected. Therefore, the generator main body is supplied to the gas engine 17, and power is generated by using the combustion energy generated by the combustion of biogas and fuel gas. As a result, power can be generated using the fuel produced by the waste treatment system 100.

In particular, the gas engine 17 is also supplied with the fuel gas generated in the gasification furnace 15 as described above. Therefore, in the gas engine 17, in addition to the above-mentioned methane, the fuel gas generated in the gasifier 15 is also burned. Therefore, the generator main body (power generation device) connected to the gas engine 1 uses the fuel gas generated from the reactant (fuel pellet) of the hydrothermal treatment device 10 as fuel, and uses the fuel gas in the gasifier 15 as fuel. It is designed to generate electricity by burning.

More specifically, the generator main body (power generation device) generates power by using the combustion energy generated by the combustion of fuel in the fluidized bed furnace (gasification furnace 15). By doing so, the fluidized bed furnace can quickly burn the fuel pellets while suppressing combustion unevenness. As a result, it is possible to generate power quickly and while suppressing unevenness in the amount of power generation.

In the above example, the fuel pellets were burned in the gasification furnace 15. However, for example, the dried product obtained by the drying device 12 may be stored and burned in the gasifier 15 in place of the above fuel pellets or together with the above fuel pellets. By burning the dried product before molding, the time and cost associated with molding can be reduced.

The exhaust gas discharged from the gas engine 17 is supplied to the waste heat recovery boiler 18. The exhaust heat recovery boiler 18 (steam generator) is for generating steam supplied to the above-mentioned hydroheat treatment apparatus 10. The exhaust heat recovery boiler 18 is adapted to generate steam by using the combustion energy generated by the combustion of the fuel, that is, the heat (may be a part) of the exhaust gas.

The fuel referred to here includes, in addition to the biogas produced by the methane fermentation apparatus 16, the fuel gas produced by steaming at a high temperature in the gasifier 15 of the fuel pellets stored in the storage facility 8. In particular, the fuel pellets are converted into fuel gas in the gasifier 15, and the fuel gas is further burned in the gas engine 17 to be converted into combustion energy. Therefore, the gas generated in the gasification furnace 15 provides combustion energy for generating steam.

By doing so, steam can be generated using the combustion energy of the fuel derived from the waste. Then, the generated steam is supplied to the above-mentioned hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10, and the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10 performs hydrothermal treatment using the supplied steam.

In particular, in the waste heat recovery boiler 18, as described above, steam is generated by using at least the combustion energy generated by burning the methane generated in the methane fermentation apparatus 16 in the gas engine 17. By doing so, it is possible to generate methane by methane fermentation of biomass and burn the generated methane. As a result, the calorific value can be increased and the amount of steam produced can be increased.

Further, in the exhaust heat recovery boiler 18, as described above, steam is generated by using the combustion energy in the gasification furnace 15 configured by the fluidized bed furnace for burning the fuel. By doing so, the fluidized bed furnace can burn the fuel quickly and while suppressing combustion unevenness. As a result, steam can be generated quickly and while suppressing unevenness in the amount of generation.

According to the waste treatment system 100, the fuel obtained from the waste and stored in the storage facilities 8 and 9 can be used to generate the steam used in the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10. As a result, the amount of steam can be changed according to the amount of waste.

Further, the gas generated from the solid reaction product (solid content) obtained by the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10 can be burned as fuel. As a result, steam can be generated using the combustion energy, and the generated steam can be used in the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10. As a result, the amount of steam supplied to the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10 from the outside can be reduced. In addition, power generation can be performed using the above-mentioned combustion energy. As a result, it is possible to further effectively utilize the waste as fuel.

Further, by using the above-mentioned waste treatment system 100, it is possible to carry out hydrothermal treatment of waste as described above. That is, the waste treatment method according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a hydrothermal treatment step in which steam water heat treatment is performed by contacting steam with the waste. The hydrothermal treatment step can be performed by, for example, the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10 described above. In addition, the waste treatment method according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a storage step of storing fuel produced from the above-mentioned hydrothermally treated reactant (reactant in the hydrothermally treated step). The fuel stored in the storage step is stored in the above storage facilities 8 and 9 by, for example, a transportation facility or the like.

Further, the waste treatment method according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the steam generation step for generating the steam used in the hydroheat treatment step. The steam generation step can be performed, for example, by the above-mentioned exhaust heat recovery boiler 18. Then, in the steam generation step, the combustion energy generated by the combustion of the fuel (fuel pellets, methane, fuel gas generated by the gasification of the fuel pellets, etc.) stored in the storage step is used to generate the steam. It has become.

According to the waste treatment method as described above, the steam obtained from the waste and stored in the storage facilities 8 and 9 can be used to generate the steam used in the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10. This makes it possible to change the amount of steam according to the amount of waste. A part of the exhaust gas after steam generation in the exhaust heat recovery boiler 18 may be supplied to the drying device 12 and used as one of the heat sources for drying the solid matter generated in the hydrothermal treatment device 10. .. This makes it possible to reduce the energy used for drying.

Further, at least one of the solid reaction product (solid content) obtained in the hydrothermal treatment step or the gas generated from the solid content can be burned as fuel. As a result, steam can be generated using the combustion energy, and the generated steam can be used in the hydrothermal treatment step. As a result, the amount of steam supplied from the outside to the hydrothermal treatment step can be reduced. In addition, power generation can be performed using the above-mentioned combustion energy. As a result, it is possible to further effectively utilize the waste as fuel.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram of the waste treatment system 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the waste treatment system 200, the residue generated in the methane fermentation apparatus 16 of the waste treatment system 100 is subjected to hydrothermal treatment. The waste treatment system 200 includes a solid-liquid separation device 19 for solid-liquid separation of the fermented product obtained by the methane fermentation device 16, and steam to a solid (digested sludge) in the fermented product obtained by the methane fermentation device. It is provided with a hydrothermal treatment apparatus 20 (second hydrothermal treatment apparatus) for performing hydrothermal treatment by contact with the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 20 and a solid-liquid separation apparatus 21 for solid-liquid separation of the second reactant obtained by the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 20.
Further, as another implementation method, the solid (digestive sludge) obtained by the solid-liquid separation device 19 can be recycled to the hydrothermal treatment device 10. In that case, the hydrothermal treatment device 20 and the solid-liquid separation device 21 become unnecessary.

The hydrothermal treatment apparatus 20 also includes, for example, a batch type hydrothermal treatment apparatus, similarly to the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10 described above. The specific structure of the batch type water treatment apparatus can be, for example, the structure shown in FIGS. 17, 18 and the like described later.

The fermented product obtained by the methane fermentation apparatus 16 is solid-liquid separated by the solid-liquid separation apparatus 19. The solid-liquid separation device 19 is composed of, for example, a filtration device, a centrifugal separation device, a gravity separation device (sickner), and the like. The solid component (digestive sludge) separated by the solid-liquid separation device 19 is supplied to the hydrothermal treatment device 20.

The solid (digestive sludge) component supplied to the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 20 is hydrothermally treated. The conditions for the hydrothermal treatment can be, for example, the same as the conditions for the hydrothermal treatment in the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10 described above. The water heat treatment apparatus 20 may be supplied with steam from the exhaust heat recovery boiler 18.

Then, the second reaction product obtained in the hydrothermal treatment device 20 is solid-liquid separated by the solid-liquid separation device 21. The solid-liquid separation device 21 is composed of, for example, a filtration device, a centrifugal separation device, a gravity separation device (sickner), and the like. The solid component separated by the solid-liquid separation device 21 is supplied to the drying device 12 together with the solid component separated by the solid-liquid separation device 11. Then, the supplied second reaction product is fueled together with the solid separated by the solid-liquid separation device 11 described above. Therefore, in the waste treatment system 200, the storage facility 8 is configured to store the fuel produced from the second reaction product of the hydrothermal treatment in the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 20.

By doing so, the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 20 can perform further hydrothermal treatment on the fermented product. As a result, the second processed product after the hydrothermal treatment in the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 20 is made finer, so that the dehydration efficiency is improved, the solid-liquid separation apparatus 21 can easily separate the solid and the liquid, and the fuel is manufactured. Can be easily done.

Further, the liquid separated by the solid-liquid separation device 21 is also water having a relatively high purity, similar to the liquid separated by the solid-liquid separation device 19. Therefore, the liquid component separated by the solid-liquid separation device 21 is also drained as it is.

In the waste treatment system 200, as described above, the solid content (solid component) of the second reaction product obtained by the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 20 is supplied to the drying apparatus 12. Therefore, in the waste treatment system 200, steam is generated in the exhaust heat recovery boiler 18 by using the combustion energy generated by the combustion of the solid second reaction product obtained by the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 20.

According to the waste treatment system 200, the calorific value can be further increased by burning the solid second reaction product obtained by the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 20. This makes it possible to further increase the amount of steam produced. Further, the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 20 makes the product of the hydrothermal treatment finer, so that the dehydration efficiency is improved and the water content can be easily separated from the second reaction product. As a result, the second reactant can be easily burned and the calorific value can be increased.

In addition, in FIG. 2, the gasification furnace 15 may not be provided. In this case, the fuel pellets stored in the storage facility 8 can be used, for example, as an industrial product, if necessary.

Further, in FIG. 2, the solid-liquid separation device 21 may not be provided. That is, the hydrothermal treatment in the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 20 can be performed at a high temperature exceeding 100 ° C. as described above. Therefore, in the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 20, the digested sludge is hydrothermally treated to make the sludge finer, and then the water contained in the digested sludge is evaporated to efficiently dry the second reaction product in the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 20. It can be carried out. That is, the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 20 is configured to dry the second reactant obtained by the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 20. Then, the second reaction product obtained here may be supplied between the drying device 12 and the classifying device 13. By doing so, the second reaction product obtained by the hydrothermal treatment can be dried by the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 20 itself that has undergone the hydrothermal treatment. Further, the amount of solids processed by the drying device 12 can be reduced, and the size of the drying device 12 can be reduced.

Further, in FIG. 2, the fermented product of the methane fermentation apparatus 16 may be subjected to specific gravity separation. In this case, the digestive sludge containing a large amount of organic matter accumulates in the lower part, and the supernatant liquid containing almost no organic matter accumulates in the upper part. The supernatant can be drained.

FIG. 3 is a system diagram of the waste treatment system 300 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In the waste treatment system 200 (see FIG. 2), the waste treatment system 300 generates steam by burning fuel pellets in the boiler 22 and drives the steam turbine 23 to generate electricity. There is.

The waste treatment system 300 includes a boiler 22 (steam generator), a steam turbine 23, and a generator main body (not shown) connected to the steam turbine 23. Of these, the boiler 22 is for burning the fuel pellets stored in the storage facility 8 as fuel. Steam is generated by the combustion of fuel pellets (fuel). Further, the steam turbine 23 (power generation device) is driven by steam (at least a part thereof) generated in the boiler 22. Further, the generator main body (power generation device) connected to the steam turbine 23 is for generating electricity by driving the steam turbine 23.

The fuel pellets stored in the storage facility 8 are gasified in the gasification furnace 15 as described above, and are also burned in the boiler 22. Then, in the boiler 22, steam is generated by the combustion of the fuel pellets, and the steam turbine 23 is driven by the generated steam. As a result, the generator main body connected to the steam turbine 23 generates electric power, and the electric power is taken out. That is, steam drives the steam turbine 23, and power can be generated by the generator main body connected to the steam turbine 23. In this example, the fuel pellets were burned in the boiler 22, but for example, the dried product obtained by the drying device 12 is burned in the boiler 22 in place of the above fuel pellets or together with the above fuel pellets. You may do so. By burning the dried product before molding, the time and cost associated with molding can be reduced.

On the other hand, the steam supplied to the steam turbine 23 is taken out from the middle of the steam turbine 23 and supplied to the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10. The steam supplied to the steam turbine 23 may be supplied to the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 20.

According to the waste treatment system 300, steam can drive the steam turbine 23 to generate electricity by the generator main body connected to the steam turbine 23. Since the steam supplied to the steam turbine 23 is supplied to the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10, the steam generated in the boiler 22 can be used for hydrothermal treatment.

Further, in the waste treatment system 300, the power generation device includes a gas engine 17 (power generation device; first power generation device) and a steam turbine 23 (power generation device; second power generation device). As a result, the number of power generation devices used can be arbitrarily changed according to the power demand. As a result, the amount of power generation can be flexibly changed according to the power demand, and stable power supply can be performed.

Further, in the boiler 22, fuel pellets which are solid reactants in the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10 are burned. In the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10, since the salt content is contained on the liquid side, the salt concentration on the solid side is sufficiently reduced. As a result, when the fuel pellets are burned in the boiler 22, it is possible to suppress the introduction of salt into the boiler 22 and to suppress the corrosion of the boiler 22.

When supplying the fuel pellets to the boiler 22, the fuel pellets can be supplied near the center of the stoker (not shown) in the boiler 22. As a result, the fuel pellets can be burned quickly. Although not shown, when waste is also supplied to the boiler 22, it is preferable to adjust the supply amount of fuel pellets according to the water content of the waste so that the amount of water entering the boiler 22 is about the same.

FIG. 4 is a system diagram of the waste treatment system 400 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The waste treatment system 400 includes three power generation devices in the above waste treatment system 300 (see FIG. 3). Specifically, in the waste treatment system 400, in addition to the gas engine 17 (power generation device; first power generation device) and steam turbine 23 (power generation device; second power generation device) described above, the steam turbine 25 (power generation device). A third power generation device) is provided. A power generation device main body (not shown) is connected to the steam turbine 25. The waste treatment system 400 also includes a boiler 24 for supplying steam to the steam turbine 25. The number of power generation devices may be four or more.

In the waste treatment system 400, as described above, the gas engine 17 generates electricity using the gas generated from the fuel pellets. Further, the fuel pellets are burned in the boiler 22 as described above, and are also burned in the boiler 24 as needed. As a result, the steam turbine 25 is driven by the steam generated in the boiler 24, and power is generated in the power generation device main body connected to the steam turbine 25. Further, the steam in the steam turbine 25 is supplied to the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10 in the same manner as the steam in the steam turbine 23 described above.

According to the waste treatment system 400, the number of power generation devices (boilers and steam turbines) used can be arbitrarily changed according to the power demand. As a result, the amount of power generation can be flexibly changed according to the power demand, and stable power supply can be performed. Specifically, for example, the boiler 22 and the steam turbine 23 can be used in combination in response to changes in daily power demand (for example, changes in power demand during the day and night) while basically generating electricity from the gas engine 17. Then, for example, the boiler 24 and the steam turbine 25 can be further used in combination according to changes in electric power demand depending on the season.

FIG. 5 is a system diagram of the waste treatment system 500 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. The waste treatment system 500 produces the binder used for producing fuel pellets in the above waste treatment system 200 (see FIG. 2) from waste such as resin and oil. Although the water heat treatment device 26 is shown in FIG. 5 for manufacturing the binder, the water heat treatment device 26 may be supplied with the resin or oil / fat without using the water heat treatment device 26.

The waste treatment system 500 includes a hydrothermal treatment apparatus 26 (third hydrothermal treatment apparatus) for obtaining a third reactant by hydrothermal treatment of waste containing at least one of a resin or an oil or fat. The resin or fat or oil referred to here is, for example, a fat or oil obtained by separating a resin such as plastic, POME (palm oil factory waste liquid) or the like into oil or water.

The conditions for the hydrothermal treatment in the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 26 can be the same as the conditions for the hydrothermal treatment in the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10 described above. Further, in the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 26, hydrothermal treatment using steam supplied from the exhaust heat recovery boiler 18 may be performed, or hydrothermal treatment using steam supplied from other steam generators (not shown) may be performed. It may be done. Further, the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 26 also includes, for example, a batch type hydrothermal treatment apparatus, similarly to the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10 described above. The specific structure of the batch type water treatment apparatus can be, for example, the structure shown in FIGS. 17, 18 and the like described later.

A third reaction is obtained by hydrothermal treatment of the waste containing at least one of the resin or the fat. Then, the solid third reactant is obtained by solid-liquid separating the third reactant in the solid-liquid separator 27 (the same as the solid-liquid separator 11 described above can be adopted). On the other hand, the liquid third reactant is drained as it is. The solid third reaction product obtained in the solid-liquid separation device 27 is derived from a waste containing at least one of a resin or an oil or fat. Therefore, the viscosity of the third reaction product is relatively high. Therefore, the solid third reaction product is dried by the drying device 28 (the same as the above-mentioned drying device 12 can be adopted), and then supplied to the molding device 14 as a binder.

Then, in the molding apparatus 14, the fuel pellets are produced by the contact between the dried product and the binder. Therefore, in the waste treatment system 500, the fuel production apparatus including the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10, the solid-liquid separation apparatus 11, the drying apparatus 12, the classification apparatus 13, and the molding apparatus 14 uses the third reactant as a fuel pellet (solid). Fuel) is configured to be manufactured.

According to the waste treatment system 500, by using the third reactant obtained by the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 26 as a binder, fuel pellets can be easily formed and solid fuel can be produced.

FIG. 6 is a system diagram of the waste treatment system 600 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. The waste treatment system 600 raises the temperature of the steam supplied from the boiler 22 for incinerating the waste to the steam turbine 23 in the waste treatment system 300 (see FIG. 3). The waste treatment system 600 reheats the steam supplied from the boiler 22 to the steam turbine 23 by using the combustion furnace 29 for burning the fuel and the combustion energy generated in the combustion furnace 29. It is equipped with a vessel 31. In the combustion furnace 29, the fuel pellets produced by the molding apparatus 14 are burned. By doing so, the steam used in the steam turbine 23 can be overheated. When the waste is burned in a waste incinerator, the temperature of the steam generated in the boiler cannot usually be raised to 400 ° C. or higher due to the problem of high temperature corrosion of the boiler tube. However, by providing a separate biogas combustion furnace and reheater like the system 700, the steam supplied to the steam turbine can be raised to 400 ° C or higher, and the steam turbine efficiency (power generation efficiency) is improved. Can be made to.

When the water content of the waste burned in the boiler 22 is large (for example, when the waste burned in the boiler 22 is swill), the calorific value of the combustion gas generated in the boiler 22 becomes small. As a result, the amount of steam generated in the boiler 22 is reduced, and it becomes impossible to stably supply the amount of electric power. Therefore, by adjusting the amount of combustion of the biogas in the combustion furnace 29 according to the amount of heat of the combustion gas generated in the boiler 22, the amount of steam generated and the steam temperature are stabilized through the reheater, and the amount of electric power is stable. Will be able to supply.
In this case, the combustion gas after the steam is overheated by the reheater 31 is supplied to the waste incinerator.

According to the waste treatment system 600, even the boiler 22 that burns waste having a large water content can stably supply electric power.

FIG. 7 is a system diagram of the waste treatment system 700 according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. The waste treatment system 700 includes a boiler 22 and a steam turbine 23 in place of the gas engine 17 and the exhaust heat recovery boiler 18 in the waste treatment system 200 (see FIG. 2). Then, the steam supplied to the steam turbine 23 is overheated by using the combustion energy of the biogas stored in the storage facility 9.

The waste treatment system 700 includes a boiler 22 and a steam turbine 23 as described above, and is supplied with a combustion furnace 29 for burning methane obtained by the methane fermentation apparatus 16 and combustion gas generated in the combustion furnace 29. The reheater 31 is provided. The reheater 31 can superheat the steam supplied from the boiler 22 to the steam turbine 23. Further, the combustion gas after the steam is overheated by the reheater 31 is supplied to the boiler 22.

According to the waste treatment system 700, the steam that has become sufficiently hot due to the combustion of the fuel pellets can be superheated, and the steam in a superheated state can be supplied to the boiler 22 as compared with the waste treatment system 600 described above. This makes it possible to further improve the power generation efficiency.

FIG. 8 is a system diagram of the waste treatment system 800 according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention. In the waste treatment system 800, in the above-mentioned waste treatment system 300 (see FIG. 3), in addition to the combustion of the fuel pellets in the boiler 22, the fuel pellets are also burned in the combustion furnace 29 connected to the boiler 22. .. The waste treatment system 700 is a suitable form when, for example, a waste treatment system 700 is newly installed in an existing thermal power plant or the like equipped with a boiler 22 for burning fossil fuel.

The combustion furnace 29 is composed of, for example, a fluidized bed furnace, and combustion exhaust gas is obtained by complete combustion of fuel pellets in the combustion furnace 29. Then, using this combustion gas, steam is generated by the exhaust heat recovery boiler 30. That is, in the exhaust heat recovery boiler 30, steam is generated by using the combustion energy in the combustion furnace 29 configured by the flow bed furnace for burning the fuel pellets (fuel). By doing so, the fluidized bed furnace can burn the fuel quickly and while suppressing combustion unevenness. As a result, steam can be generated quickly and while suppressing unevenness in the amount of generation.

The generated steam is supplied to the steam turbine 23. On the other hand, the combustion exhaust gas after the steam is generated in the exhaust heat recovery boiler 30 is supplied to the above-mentioned drying device 12. Then, in the drying device 12, the solid reaction product obtained by the solid-liquid separation device 11 is dried by using the combustion exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the fuel pellets.

According to the waste treatment system 800, the amount of steam supplied to the steam turbine 23 can be increased. This makes it possible to increase the power generation efficiency. Further, the solid reaction product can be dried by using the combustion exhaust gas generated in the combustion furnace 29.

FIG. 9 is a system diagram of the waste treatment system 900 according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention. The waste treatment system 900 includes a combustion furnace 29, which is a fluidized bed furnace for burning fuel, and a feed water heater 33 for heating water supplied to the boiler 22 (steam generator). Then, the feed water heater 33 is configured to heat water by using the combustion energy generated in the combustion furnace 29 which is a fluidized bed furnace. Therefore, in the waste treatment system 900 shown in FIG. 9, in the waste treatment system 800 (see FIG. 8), the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust heat recovery boiler 30 is supplied to the drying device 12 and steam. It is supplied to the water supply heater 33 for heating the water returning from the turbine 23 to the boiler 22.

According to the waste treatment system 900, water whose temperature has been increased by the feed water heater 33 can be supplied to the boiler 22. As a result, the amount of steam generated can be increased and the power generation efficiency can be improved. In addition, the fluidized bed furnace can burn fuel quickly and while suppressing uneven combustion. As a result, steam can be generated quickly and while suppressing unevenness in the amount of generation.

FIG. 10 is a system diagram of the waste treatment system 1000 according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention. Unlike the above-mentioned waste treatment systems 100 to 900, the waste treatment system 1000 does not include the methane fermentation apparatus 16. Therefore, the liquid separated by the solid-liquid separation device 11 is supplied to the water treatment device 43. In the water treatment device 43, salts and the like in the supplied liquid are aggregated by an aggregating agent (not shown). As a result, salts and the like in the liquid are removed and drained to the outside. In addition, the agglomerates are dried in the sludge treatment device 44. Then, liquid fertilizer (liquid fertilizer) is obtained from a part of the dried product, and a residue is obtained as the balance. The residue is incinerated as needed.

According to the waste treatment system 1000, liquid fertilizer (compost) can be produced from waste. Further, since the fuel pellets derived from the reaction product after the hydrothermal treatment of the waste and having a low salt content are incinerated in the boiler 22, corrosion of the boiler 22 can be suppressed.

FIG. 11 is a system diagram of the waste treatment system 1100 according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention. The waste treatment system 1100 does not include the methane fermentation apparatus 16 like the waste treatment system 1000 (see FIG. 10) described above. The waste treatment system 1100 includes boilers 22, 24 and steam turbines 23, 25 (that is, two power generation devices), similarly to the waste treatment system 400 (see FIG. 4). Therefore, for example, the steam turbine 23 can be driven by the steam generated in the boiler 22, and steam can be generated in the boiler 24 as needed to generate electricity by the steam turbine 25.

According to the waste treatment system 1100, the number of power generation devices (boilers and steam turbines) used can be arbitrarily changed according to the power demand. As a result, the amount of power generation can be flexibly changed according to the power demand, and stable power supply can be performed.

FIG. 12 is a system diagram of the waste treatment system 1200 according to the twelfth embodiment of the present invention. Like the waste treatment system 1000 (see FIG. 10), the waste treatment system 1200 does not include the methane fermentation apparatus 16 like the waste treatment system 1000 (see FIG. 10). The waste treatment system 1100 includes a combustion furnace 29 and a reheater 31 in the same manner as the waste treatment system 600 (see FIG. 6). Further, in the boiler 22, waste having a large water content is burned in the same manner as in the waste treatment system 600 described above.

According to the waste treatment system 1200, even the boiler 22 that burns waste having a large water content can produce superheated steam, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.

FIG. 13 is a system diagram of the waste treatment system 1300 according to the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention. The waste treatment system 1300 does not include the methane fermentation apparatus 16 like the waste treatment system 1000 (see FIG. 10) described above. The waste treatment system 1300 includes a gasification furnace 15, a gas engine 17, and an exhaust heat recovery boiler 18 in the same manner as the waste treatment system 100 (see FIG. 1).

In the waste treatment system 1300, the liquid separated by the solid-liquid separation device 11 is processed by the water treatment device 43 described above, and is also burned together with the fuel pellets in, for example, a gasification furnace 15 composed of a fluidized bed furnace. Ru. Therefore, according to the waste treatment system 1300, the amount of water treated in the water treatment device 43 can be reduced, and the amount of residue generated by the sludge treatment device 44 in the subsequent stage can be reduced.

FIG. 14 is a system diagram of the waste treatment system 1400 according to the 14th embodiment of the present invention. The waste treatment system 1400 does not include the methane fermentation apparatus 16 like the waste treatment system 1000 (see FIG. 10) described above. The waste treatment system 1400 includes a combustion furnace 29 and an exhaust heat recovery boiler 30 in the same manner as the waste treatment system 800 (see FIG. 8). In the waste treatment system 1400, in the combustion furnace 29, in addition to fuel pellets (which may be dried products before classification), waste is burned.

According to the waste treatment system 1400, the amount of steam supplied to the steam turbine 23 can be increased. In particular, since the waste is burned in the combustion furnace 29, the calorific value is further increased as compared with the waste treatment system 800 described above. As a result, the amount of steam supplied to the steam turbine 23 can be further increased, and the power generation efficiency can be further improved.

FIG. 15 is a system diagram of the waste treatment system 1500 according to the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention. The waste treatment system 1500 does not include the methane fermentation apparatus 16 like the waste treatment system 1000 (see FIG. 10) described above. The waste treatment system 1500 includes a combustion furnace 29, an exhaust heat recovery boiler 30, and a feed water heater 33, similarly to the waste treatment system 900 (see FIG. 9). Further, in the waste treatment system 1500, in the combustion furnace 29, in addition to fuel pellets (which may be dried products before classification), waste is burned.

According to the waste treatment system 1500, water whose temperature has been increased by the feed water heater 33 can be supplied to the boiler 22. As a result, the amount of steam generated can be increased and the power generation efficiency can be improved. In particular, since the waste is burned in the combustion furnace 29, the calorific value is further increased as compared with the waste treatment system 800 described above. As a result, the amount of steam supplied to the steam turbine 23 can be further increased, and the power generation efficiency can be further improved.

FIG. 16 is a system diagram of the waste treatment system 1600 according to the 16th embodiment of the present invention. The waste treatment system 1600 does not include the methane fermentation apparatus 16 like the waste treatment system 1000 (see FIG. 10) described above. Then, the reaction product obtained by the hydrothermal treatment device 10 is dried by the drying device 12 to become a dried product, and then the dried product is burned in the combustion furnace 29. However, fuel pellets may be produced from the dried product so that the fuel pellets can be burned in the combustion furnace 29. From the combustion energy generated in the combustion furnace 29, steam is generated in the exhaust heat recovery boiler 30. The generated steam is supplied to the feed water heater 33, and the steam used in the steam turbine 23 is heated by the supplied steam. Then, the steam supplied from the exhaust heat recovery boiler 30 and used for heating the steam is supplied to the combustion furnace 29.

Further, the waste treatment system 1600 includes a boiler 22 for burning waste, a steam turbine 23, and a power generation device main body (not shown) connected to the steam turbine 23. These are provided in facilities such as existing thermal power plants and waste incinerators (not shown), for example. Then, the steam generated in the exhaust heat recovery boiler 30 is supplied to the steam turbine 23. Then, the water (low temperature steam) after being used in the steam turbine 23 is heated by the feed water heater 33 and used again in the steam turbine 23. Therefore, the power generation device main body connected to the steam turbine 23 uses both the steam generated in the boiler 22 and the steam generated in the exhaust heat recovery boiler 30 to generate power.

According to the waste treatment system 1600, steam can be supplied to existing equipment, for example. This makes it possible to use waste to increase the amount of power generated in existing equipment.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10 according to the 17th embodiment of the present invention. The hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 17 can be used in the above-mentioned waste treatment systems 100 to 1600. The hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10 includes a main body portion 10A for performing hydrothermal treatment, and a bucket 10B for forming an internal space 10Ba that communicates with the main body portion 10A via a discharge port 102 (reactant discharge port). The bucket 10B is also for sending the reactant discharged from the main body 10A to the solid-liquid separation device 11.

The main body 10A has an input port 101 for charging waste, a discharge port 102 for discharging a reaction product after hydrothermal treatment, and a space for performing hydrothermal treatment inside, and the internal space is provided. It includes a housing 103 that is airtightly configured, a rotary shaft 104 that includes a stirring blade 106 for stirring waste, and a motor 105 that rotates the rotary shaft 104. Further, the housing 103 includes a steam supply port 107 for injecting steam into the housing 103, and a steam discharge port 108 for discharging steam from the inside of the housing 103. Further, the input port 101 is provided with a hopper 109, and the discharge port 102 is also provided with a hopper 110.

The bucket 10B enters the inside of the bucket 10B through a water storage unit 120 which is airtightly configured and stores water 121, a conveyor 122 arranged so as to be immersed in the water 121 of the water storage unit 120, and a discharge port 102. It is provided with a gas outlet 123 for extracting gas. Then, a discharge pipe (not shown) for discharging the gas existing in the internal space 10Ba to the outside of the internal space 10Ba is connected to the gas outlet 123 of the bucket 10B. This discharge pipe is connected to, for example, an exhaust gas treatment device (not shown).

Due to the hydrothermal treatment in the main body 10A, for example, ammonia derived from nitrogen in the waste may be generated inside the main body 10A. Therefore, the gas such as ammonia that has entered the internal space 10Ba through the discharge port 102 is extracted to the outside of the internal space 10Ba through the gas outlet 123. Then, the gas such as ammonia is treated with exhaust gas by, for example, an exhaust gas treatment device (not shown). By doing so, it is possible to suppress the exhaust of the gas (for example, ammonia or the like) exhausted to the bucket 10B into the atmosphere when the reactant is taken out from the main body 10A.

Further, in the bucket 10B, the discharge port 102 of the main body portion 10A is arranged below the water surface of the water 121. Further, the conveyor 122 is connected to a solid-liquid separation device 11 (not shown in FIG. 17). Therefore, the reactant obtained by the hydrothermal treatment in the main body 10A is carried to the solid-liquid separation device 11 by the conveyor 122.

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10 according to the eighteenth embodiment of the present invention. The water heat treatment apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 18 is a form in which the water heat treatment apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 17 above does not contain water 121. A reaction product can also be obtained by hydrothermal treatment even with the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10 that does not contain such water 121.

Here, as described with reference to, for example, the waste treatment system 100 (see FIG. 1) above, the fuel pellets obtained by drying and molding the reaction product obtained by the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10 (the dried product before molding may be used). ) Is burned in a gasification furnace 15 or the like. Therefore, from the viewpoint of stable combustion, it is preferable that the water content of the fuel pellets is about the same regardless of the timing of the fuel pellets. As a result, when the fuel pellets are burned in the gasification furnace 15, it is possible to suppress a large change in the calorific value due to the extremely different water content.

However, the water content of waste cannot be controlled in advance, and it varies depending on the time zone, season, place, etc. of collection. Further, although no waste is usually shown, for example, a pit or the like is once put in, and the waste is carried from this pit to the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10 by a crane or the like. The water content of the waste carried to the hydroheat treatment apparatus 10 also differs depending on the collection location inside the pit by a crane or the like.

Therefore, in the waste treatment systems 100 to 1600, the water content of at least one of the waste and the reaction product before drying is adjusted in order to make the water content of the fuel pellets obtained after drying comparable. Is preferable. As a result, it is not necessary to change the drying conditions in the drying apparatus 12 for each reactant, and a dried product can be stably obtained.

In order to adjust the water content of at least one of the waste or the reaction product before drying, the water content of the waste is first predicted. The water content of waste can be predicted, for example, as follows. Specifically, for example, the water content of the waste inside the pit can be predicted by taking a picture from the side surface of the pit where the waste is stored with a spectrum camera or the like. Further, for example, when the waste is collected from the pit with a crane or the like, the water content of the collected waste is determined based on the volume of the collected waste and the dry weight of the organic waste predicted from the volume. Can be predicted.

Then, based on the predicted amount of waste, the water content in the solid supplied to the drying device 12 (more specifically, the reactant supplied to the solid-liquid separation device 11) is set to be about the same. , The water content is adjusted in the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10. Specifically, for example, when the water content of the waste is low, for example, water may be put into the pit, or water may be sprayed on a conveyor for carrying the waste from the pit to the input port 101. Water may be added to the input port 101 when the waste is added.

Further, for example, water may be directly put into the inside of the main body portion 10A. In this case, for example, water for cleaning the packing (not shown) of the ball valve provided in the main body 10A for sealing the charging port 101 is allowed to enter the inside of the main body 10A through the charging port 101. May be good. As a result, the water content can be adjusted, the packing can be cleaned, and the inside of the main body portion 10A can be made airtight by the ball valve.

Further, the water content may be adjusted, for example, in the bucket 10B for the reaction product discharged from the discharge port 102. In particular, by performing the reaction in the bucket 10B, the fluidity of the reactant can be increased and the reactant can be easily carried to the solid-liquid separation device 11.

The hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 18 and FIG. 17 above is a batch type hydrothermal treatment apparatus. The hydrothermal treatment apparatus includes, for example, an input port of 400 to 600 mm, which can input a large amount of waste as it is. For example, by using the batch type water heat treatment device 10, waste can be directly put into the water heat treatment device 10 from a vehicle (not shown) for collecting waste, and the waste treatment system 100 to 1600 can be made pitless. Can be planned.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing the flow of steam when a plurality of unit water heat treatment devices 10a to 10d are used in combination. As shown in FIG. 19, the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10 includes a first unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10a, a second unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10b, a third unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10c, and a fourth unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10d. .. However, the number of the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10 may be two or three, or five or more.

These hydrothermal treatment devices 10 are connected in series. Specifically, for example, the steam discharge port 108 (not shown in FIG. 19) of the first unit hydroheat treatment apparatus 10a (first unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus) and the second unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10b (second unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus). Is connected to the steam supply port 107 of the above by a pipe (not shown). By doing so, the steam used in the first unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10a can be used in the second unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10b. As a result, the amount of new steam used can be reduced.

For example, in the first unit hydroheat treatment apparatus 10a, hydrothermal treatment is performed by charging waste and supplying steam. Then, after the hydrothermal treatment, the reactant is withdrawn from the first unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10a and supplied to the solid-liquid separation apparatus 11 in the subsequent stage. On the other hand, the steam used in the first unit hydroheat treatment apparatus 10a is extracted from the first unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10a through the steam discharge port 108. Then, the extracted steam is supplied to the inside of the second unit water heat treatment device 10b through the steam supply port 107 of the second unit water heat treatment device 10b. At this time, when the amount of steam supplied is less than the amount of steam required for hydrothermal treatment, steam is added as necessary. As a result, in the second unit hydroheat treatment apparatus 10b, the hydrothermal treatment is performed by reusing the steam supplied from the first unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10a. Similarly, in the third unit hydroheat treatment apparatus 10c and the fourth unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10d, hydrothermal treatment is performed while reusing steam.

FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining the operation of each unit water heat treatment device 10 when a plurality of unit water heat treatment devices 10 are used in combination. In the example shown in FIG. 20, as shown in FIG. 19 above, four water heat treatment devices 10 (first unit water heat treatment device 10a, second unit water heat treatment device 10b, third unit water heat treatment device 10c, and fourth unit). The hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10 is configured by using the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10d) together. FIG. 20 shows a state at the time of starting the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10.

First, of the four water heat treatment devices 10, waste is charged into each of the first unit water heat treatment device 10a and the third unit water heat treatment device 10c (FIG. 20A). Then, after the waste is charged, steam is supplied to each of the first unit hydroheat treatment apparatus 10a and the third unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10c (FIG. 20 (b)). As a result, the first unit hydroheat treatment apparatus 10a and the third unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10c perform hydrothermal treatment of waste.

In the second unit hydroheat treatment apparatus 10b and the fourth unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10d, no particular operation is performed at the time shown in FIGS. 20 (a) and 20 (b). However, when the hydrothermal treatment is started in the first unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10a and the third unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10c, that is, when shown in FIG. 20 (c), the second unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10b and the fourth unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10b. Waste is also put into 10d.

On the other hand, when the hydrothermal treatment is completed in the first unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10a and the third unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10c, the steam used in the first unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10a and the third unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10c becomes the second unit. Each of the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10b and the fourth unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10d is supplied (FIG. 20 (d)). Then, the reactants are taken out from the housings (not shown) of the first unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10a and the third unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10c (FIG. 20 (e)).

At the same time, the steam lost due to leakage or the like at the time of steam supply from the first unit water heat treatment device 10a and the third unit water heat treatment device 10c, that is, the insufficient steam is added to the second unit water heat treatment device 10b and the third unit water heat treatment device 10b. It is supplied to the fourth unit hydroheat treatment apparatus 10d (FIG. 20 (e)). Then, in the second unit hydroheat treatment apparatus 10b and the fourth unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10d, hydrothermal treatment is started (FIG. 20 (f)). On the other hand, waste is newly charged into the first unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10a and the third unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10c whose inside is emptied by taking out the reactant (FIG. 20 (f)).

FIG. 21 is a time chart showing changes in the internal pressure of each unit water heat treatment apparatus 10 shown in FIG. (A) to (f) shown in FIG. 21 correspond to (a) to (f) shown in FIG. 20 above. As described above, the first unit hydroheat treatment apparatus 10a and the third unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10c are driven at the same timing. Therefore, both the internal pressure of the first unit hydrothermal heat treatment apparatus 10a and the internal pressure of the third unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10c change at the same timing. On the other hand, both the second unit hydroheat treatment apparatus 10b and the fourth unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10d are driven at the same timing. Therefore, both the internal pressure of the second unit hydrothermal heat treatment apparatus 10b and the internal pressure of the fourth unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10d change at the same timing.

As shown in FIG. 21 (a), the internal pressure of the first unit hydroheat treatment apparatus 10a and the third unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10c at the time of waste charging is atmospheric pressure. Further, even in the first unit hydroheat treatment apparatus 10a and the third unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10c which are not yet driven at this time, the internal pressure thereof is atmospheric pressure. Then, by injecting steam into the first unit hydroheat treatment apparatus 10a and the third unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10c into which the waste is charged, the internal pressure of the first unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10a and the third unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10c becomes the pressure P. It rises to _r , and the hydrothermal treatment proceeds at this pressure _Pr (FIGS. 21 (b) and (c)). It should be noted that this pressure Pr is a pressure capable of causing hydrothermal treatment.

On the other hand, in the second unit water heat treatment device 10b and the fourth unit water heat treatment device 10d, after the waste is charged (FIG. 20 (c)), the first unit water heat treatment device 10a and the third unit water heat treatment device 10c The internal pressure rises to Pr by the steam injection of (FIG. 21 ( _d )). However, as described above, when steam is supplied from the 1st unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10a and the 3rd unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10c to the 2nd unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10b and the 4th unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10d, for example, due to leakage or the like. Not all of the steam used in the first unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10a and the third unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10c is supplied.

Therefore, additional steam is injected into the second unit hydroheat treatment apparatus 10b and the fourth unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10d until the amount used for the hydrothermal treatment is reached (FIG. 21 (d)). After the steam is supplied, the reactants are discharged from the first unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10a and the third unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10c (FIG. 20 (e)). Then, after the internal temperatures of the first unit hydroheat treatment apparatus 10a and the third unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10c are sufficiently lowered, the charging port 101 is opened and new waste is charged (FIG. 20 (f)). In particular, when the charging port 101 is opened after the internal temperature is sufficiently lowered, the inside becomes a negative pressure, and the release of the internal gas (for example, ammonia) to the outside through the charging port 101 is suppressed. On the other hand, in the second unit hydroheat treatment apparatus 10b and the fourth unit hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10d, hydrothermal treatment of waste proceeds (FIG. 20 (f)).

By repeating the driving described with reference to FIGS. 20 and 21 above, a plurality of hydrothermal treatments in the plurality of hydrothermal treatment apparatus 10 proceed simultaneously. This makes it possible to increase the amount of hydrothermal treatment of waste and increase the amount of reaction product produced. As a result, waste can be efficiently treated.

(1) The waste treatment system according to at least one embodiment of the present invention is
A waste treatment system for hydrothermally treating waste.
At least one hydroheat treatment device for performing the hydrothermal treatment by contact of steam with the waste, and
A fuel production device for producing solid fuel from the solid of the reaction product of the hydrothermal treatment, and
A methane fermentation device for fermenting the liquid of the reaction product with methane to generate biogas,
The first storage facility for storing the fuel and
A third storage facility for storing the biogas, and
At least two steam generators for generating the steam supplied to the hydroheat treatment device, and
Equipped with
The at least one hydroheat treatment device
A housing in which steam is injected inside and
An input port for charging the waste into the housing,
A discharge port for discharging the reactant from the housing, and a discharge port.
It is a batch type hydroheat treatment device equipped with
The at least two steam generators
A first steam generator that generates the steam by using the combustion energy generated by the combustion of the fuel stored in the first storage facility.
It is characterized by including a second steam generator that generates the steam by using the combustion energy generated by the combustion of the biogas stored in the third storage facility.

According to the configuration of (1) above, it is possible to provide a waste treatment system in which the amount of steam can be changed according to the amount of waste, and the reaction product of hydrothermal treatment can be dried to produce a solid fuel that is easy to burn. Both the fuel and the biogas produced from the hydrothermal reaction product can be stored.

(2) In some embodiments, in the configuration of (1) above,
The waste treatment system is
A gasification furnace for gasifying the solid fuel to generate fuel gas,
It is characterized by being provided with a second storage facility for storing the fuel gas produced in the gasification furnace.

According to the configuration of (2) above, both the solid fuel and the fuel gas generated from the solid fuel can be stored.

(3) The waste treatment system according to at least one embodiment of the present invention is
A waste treatment system for hydrothermally treating waste.
At least one hydroheat treatment device for performing the hydrothermal treatment by contact of steam with the waste, and
A methane fermentation device for fermenting the liquid of the reaction product with methane to generate biogas,
A second hydroheat treatment apparatus for performing hydrothermal treatment by contacting steam with a solid in a fermented product obtained by the methane fermentation apparatus.
A first storage facility for storing fuel produced from the reaction product of the water heat treatment and the second reaction product of the water heat treatment in the second water heat treatment apparatus.
A third storage facility for storing the biogas, and
At least one steam generator for generating the steam supplied to the at least one hydroheat treatment device, and
Equipped with
The steam generator is configured to generate the steam using the combustion energy generated by the combustion of the fuel stored in the first storage facility or the biogas stored in the third storage facility. It is characterized by that.

According to the configuration of (3) above, the fermented product can be further subjected to hydrothermal treatment by the second hydrothermal treatment apparatus. As a result, the fermented product is refined, the dehydration efficiency is improved, the second treated product after the hydrothermal treatment in the second hydrothermal treatment apparatus can be easily separated into a solid and a liquid, and fuel can be easily produced.

(4) In some embodiments, in the configuration of (3) above,
The second hydrothermal treatment apparatus is characterized in that it is configured to dry the second reactant obtained by the hydrothermal treatment in the second hydrothermal treatment apparatus.
According to the configuration of (4) above, the second reaction product obtained by the hydrothermal treatment can be dried by the second hydrothermal treatment apparatus itself that has undergone the hydrothermal treatment.

(5) In some embodiments, in the configuration of any one of (1) to (4) above,
The waste treatment system is characterized by comprising a power generation device for generating power using the combustion energy generated by the combustion of the fuel or the biogas.
According to the configuration of (5) above, power can be generated using the fuel produced by the waste treatment system.

(6) In some embodiments, in the configuration of (5) above,
The power generation device includes a steam turbine and a generator main body connected to the steam turbine.
The steam turbine is characterized in that it is configured to be driven by at least a part of the steam generated in the steam generator.
According to the configuration of (6) above, steam drives a steam turbine, and power can be generated by a generator main body connected to the steam turbine.

(7) In some embodiments, in the configuration of (5) above,
The power generation device includes a gas engine and a generator main body connected to the gas engine.
The steam generator is characterized in that it is configured to generate steam by the exhaust heat of the gas engine.

(8) In some embodiments, in the configuration of any one of (5) to (7) above,
The waste treatment system includes a power generation device for generating power using the combustion energy generated by the combustion of the fuel.
The waste treatment system includes two of the first steam generators.
The power generation device is characterized by including a first power generation device and a second power generation device driven by each of the steam generated by the two first steam generators.
According to the configuration of (8) above, the number of power generation devices used can be arbitrarily changed according to the power demand. As a result, the amount of power generation can be flexibly changed according to the power demand, and stable power supply can be performed.

(9) In some embodiments, in the configuration of any one of (5) to (8) above,
The waste treatment system comprises a combustion furnace for combusting the fuel.
The first steam generator is characterized in that it is configured to generate steam by using the combustion energy generated in the combustion furnace.
According to the configuration of (9) above, the combustion furnace can burn the fuel quickly and while suppressing the uneven combustion. As a result, steam can be generated quickly and while suppressing unevenness in the amount of generation.

(10) In some embodiments, in the configuration of (9) above,
The combustion furnace is characterized by being composed of a fluidized bed furnace.
According to the configuration of (10) above, the fluidized bed furnace can burn fuel quickly and while suppressing combustion unevenness. As a result, steam can be generated quickly and while suppressing unevenness in the amount of generation.

(11) In some embodiments, in the configuration of any one of (1) to (10) above,
The at least one water heat treatment device includes two water heat treatment devices, and the two water heat treatment devices have a steam supply port and a steam discharge port, respectively.
One of the steam discharge ports of the two water heat treatment devices and the other steam supply port of the two water heat treatment devices are connected by a pipe.
According to the configuration of (11) above, the steam used in one of the two hydroheat treatment devices can be used in the other hydroheat treatment device. As a result, the amount of new steam used can be reduced.

(12) In some embodiments, in the configuration of (3) or (4) above,
The at least one hydrothermal treatment apparatus is characterized by including a batch type hydrothermal treatment apparatus.
According to the configuration of (12) above, for example, the waste can be directly put into the hydrothermal treatment apparatus from a vehicle (not shown) for collecting the waste, and the waste treatment system can be made pitless.

(13) The waste treatment method according to at least one embodiment of the present invention is
It is a waste treatment method for performing hydrothermal treatment of waste.
A hydrothermal treatment step in which the hydrothermal treatment is performed by contact of steam with the waste, and
A fuel production step for producing a solid fuel from the solid of the hydrothermal reaction product,
A methane fermentation step for methane fermentation of the reaction liquid to generate biogas, and
A storage step for storing the fuel and the biogas, and
The steam generation step for generating the steam used in the hydroheat treatment step, and the steam generation step.
Including
In the steam generation step, the steam is generated by using the combustion energy generated by the combustion of the fuel stored in the storage step.
The fuel is stored in the first storage facility, and the biogas is stored in a third storage facility separate from the first storage facility.
The at least one hydrothermal treatment apparatus on which the hydrothermal treatment is performed is
A housing in which steam is injected inside and
An input port for charging the waste into the housing,
A discharge port for discharging the reactant from the housing, and a discharge port.
It is a batch type hydroheat treatment device equipped with
The steam generation step is
Using the combustion energy generated by the combustion of the fuel stored in the first storage facility to generate the steam,
It is characterized by including generating the steam by using the combustion energy generated by the combustion of the biogas stored in the third storage facility.

According to the configuration of (13) above, it is possible to provide a waste treatment method in which the amount of steam can be changed according to the amount of waste, and the reaction product of hydrothermal treatment can be dried to produce a solid fuel that is easy to burn, and is solid. Both the fuel and the biogas produced from the hydrothermal reaction product can be stored.

(14) The waste treatment method according to at least one embodiment of the present invention is
It is a waste treatment method for performing hydrothermal treatment of waste.
A hydrothermal treatment step in which the hydrothermal treatment is performed by contact of steam with the waste, and
A methane fermentation step for methane fermentation of the liquid of the hydrothermal reaction product to generate biogas, and
A second hydroheat treatment step for performing hydrothermal treatment by contacting steam with a solid in the fermented product obtained by the methane fermentation apparatus, and
A step of storing fuel produced from the reaction product of each of the hydrothermal treatment steps in the hydrothermal treatment step and the second hydrothermal treatment step, and a step of storing the fuel.
The steam generation step for generating the steam used in the hydroheat treatment step, and the steam generation step.
Including
The steam generation step is characterized in that the steam is generated by using the combustion energy generated by the combustion of the fuel stored in the storage step.

According to the configuration of (14) above, further hydrothermal treatment can be performed on the fermented product by the second hydrothermal treatment step. As a result, the fermented product is miniaturized, the dehydration efficiency is improved, the second treated product after the hydrothermal treatment in the second hydrothermal treatment step can be easily separated into a solid and a liquid, and fuel can be easily produced.

1,17 Gas engine (power generation device, first power generation device, second power generation device, third power generation device)
8 and 9 storage equipment (1st storage equipment, 2nd storage equipment, 3rd storage equipment)
10, 20, 26 water heat treatment equipment (fuel production equipment, first water heat treatment equipment, second water heat treatment equipment, third water heat treatment equipment)
10A Main body 10B Bucket 10Ba Internal space 10a 1st unit water heat treatment device 10b 2nd unit water heat treatment device 10c 3rd unit water heat treatment device 10d 4th unit water heat treatment device 11, 19, 21, 27 Solid-liquid separation device (fuel production) Device)
12,28 Drying equipment (fuel production equipment)
13 Classification device (fuel manufacturing device)
14 Molding equipment (fuel production equipment)
15 Gasification furnace 16 Methane fermentation equipment 18, 30 Exhaust heat recovery boiler (steam generator)
22,24 Boiler (steam generator)
23,25 Steam turbine (power generation device, first power generation device, second power generation device, third power generation device)
29 Combustion furnace 31 Reheater 33 Water supply heater 43 Water treatment device 44 Sewage treatment device 100,200,300,400,500,600,700,800,900,1000,1100,1200,1300,1400,1500,1600 Waste treatment system 101 Input port 102 Discharge port 103 Housing 104 Rotating shaft 105 Motor 106 Stirring blade 107 Steam supply port 108 Steam discharge port 109, 110 Hopper 120 Water storage unit 121 Water 122 Conveyor 123 Gas outlet

Claims (5)

A waste treatment system for hydrothermally treating waste.
At least one hydroheat treatment device for performing the hydrothermal treatment by contact of steam with the waste, and
A fuel production device for producing solid fuel from the solid of the reaction product of the hydrothermal treatment, and
The first storage facility for storing the solid fuel and
At least two steam generators for generating the steam supplied to the hydroheat treatment device, and
A gasification furnace for gasifying the solid fuel to generate fuel gas,
With a second storage facility for storing the fuel gas generated in the gasifier
Equipped with
The at least one hydroheat treatment device
A housing in which steam is injected inside and
An input port for charging the waste into the housing,
It is a batch type hydrothermal heat treatment apparatus provided with a discharge port for discharging the reactant from the housing .
The at least two steam generators
A first steam generator that generates the steam using the combustion energy generated by the combustion of the solid fuel, and
With a second steam generator that generates the steam using the combustion energy generated by the combustion of the fuel gas.
Waste treatment system including . Equipped with a gas engine that burns the fuel gas
The waste treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the second steam generator uses the heat of the exhaust gas discharged from the gas engine to generate the steam. The fuel manufacturing apparatus includes a drying apparatus for drying the solid of the reaction product of the hydrothermal treatment.
The waste treatment system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the drying device dries the solid of the reaction product of the hydrothermal treatment by the combustion exhaust gas after generating the steam in the at least two steam generators. The waste treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the at least one hydrothermal treatment apparatus is configured to dry the reactant after performing the hydrothermal treatment. The at least one water heat treatment device includes two water heat treatment devices, and the two water heat treatment devices have a steam supply port and a steam discharge port, respectively.
One of claims 1 to 4, wherein the steam discharge port of one of the two water heat treatment devices and the steam supply port of the other of the two water heat treatment devices are connected by a pipe. The waste treatment system described in Section.

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