JP7104571B2 - Underground obstacle removal device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an underground obstacle removing device, and more particularly to an attachment for removing an underground obstacle in a relatively small diameter casing excavation method using an excavator such as the BG method.

Conventionally, in the work of pulling out existing piles and the work of removing underground obstacles, the outer periphery of existing piles and underground obstacles is excavated with a cylindrical casing tube (hereinafter abbreviated as casing), and the casing is cut into the ground. The method of removing the piles and obstacles inside is known as the casing excavation method (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Here, in the casing excavation method, the casing is connected to a hydraulically driven rotary head equipped in a BG excavator or the like, the casing is pushed into an existing pile or an underground obstacle, the ground is cut by cutting, and then the inside of the casing is cut. Obstacles are destroyed by hitting the hammer grab, and the gala is picked up and removed by the hammer grab. The removal process is performed in three steps: first, excavation / cutting with a casing, second, destruction / division of obstacles, and third, removal of glass. In this way, in the casing excavation method, a process of removing earth and sand and obstacles in the casing is required in the process of placing the casing, so that it is underground as an attachment used for removing obstacles in the casing. An obstacle removal device is used.

As an example of such an apparatus, Patent Document 2 states that when a cast-in-place pile is constructed by the all-casing method, underground obstacles such as concrete structures and steel piles left in the ground in the casing are less noisy and more efficient. In order to remove it well, a grip mechanism that expands radially to the lower end of the kelly bar that hangs down from the upper end of the boom provided in the base machine and engages with the inner peripheral surface of the casing is provided, and a core excavator is placed at the lower end of the grip mechanism. Install, rotate the casing to excavate a circular groove in the underground obstacle, replace it with a cylindrical bucket with an openable bottom and a cutting tool, insert it into the circular groove and drive the kelly bar. An example of a device in which an underground obstacle is cut and taken out with a cutting tool is described.

Further, in Patent Document 3, in order to obtain a method of building and removing the casing so as to surround the existing pile, the casing is built by a rotary press-fitting device so as to surround the existing pile so that the existing pile is deviated from the center. After building, a folding device fixed at the lower end of the grip mechanism that locks a drive rod with a folding blade at the lower end to the inner peripheral surface of the casing is suspended by a pile and inserted into the casing. A method for removing an existing pile is described in which a collapsed wing is press-fitted by a rotary press-fitting device and rotated to collapse an existing pile, and the collapsed existing pile is discharged by a hammer grab.

JP-A-2002-070469 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-214078 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-301459

In recent years, there has been a demand for a technique for constructing foundations of highways, underground walls of buildings, etc., regardless of the contents and properties of obstacles such as hard strata, bedrock, and existing concrete structures. For this reason, although the cutting technique in the above-mentioned casing excavation method has been improved, it is sufficiently effective in terms of man-hours, cost, vibration and noise suppression in terms of crushing and removing underground obstacles after excavation. The reality is that no such proposal has been made.

That is, in the conventional casing excavation method, the attachment used in the process of destroying obstacles in the casing is mainly a hammer grab for excavating earth and sand, which is destroyed by dropping or hitting, which causes noise and vibration. It becomes. In addition, there is no dedicated attachment for picking up obstacles, and since they are picked up with a hammer grab, there is a danger of falling due to the shape of the obstacle. Further, even in the conventional examples described in Patent Documents 1, 2 and 3 described above, many of the attachments used for removing obstacles in the casing are of the hammer grab derivative type, and the main purpose is to excavate earth and sand. I'm worried about grabbing obstacles. In addition, underground obstacles such as piles and underground walls need to be divided and destroyed in order to be picked up, but the technology to efficiently divide and destroy underground obstacles is applied. Is hard to say.

For example, in the conventional example described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the kelly bar is driven to cut and take out an underground obstacle with a cutting tool such as a cutter bit, or a collapsed existing pile is discharged with a hammer grab. However, there is also a problem that the cutting tool cannot be selected according to the stratum or the obstacle to be crushed, the rotational torque cannot be increased, and the versatility is low.

On the other hand, as a method of destroying underground obstacles, there are a cutting method using a lock auger, etc., and a method of destroying in a casing such as an absolute crushing method. A process of removing the gala with a hammer grab is required. In addition, these construction methods are crushing methods when using a large-diameter casing called the all-casing construction method, and in casings with a diameter of 2000 or less, it is common to crush them on the ground after hitting them with a hammer grab or pulling them out. be.

In this way, in the relatively small-diameter casing excavation method using an excavator such as the BG method, obstacles can be removed efficiently and safely, so that obstacles can be destroyed and divided and safely grasped. For simple attachments and obstacles in relatively shallow positions, there is an urgent need to develop new attachments that omit the excavation process using the casing and perform ground cutting and obstacle breaking / removing work at the same time.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to efficiently and safely remove obstacles in a relatively small-diameter casing excavation method using an excavator such as the BG method. Therefore, the purpose is to provide an underground obstacle removal device as an attachment that can be safely grasped together with the destruction and division of obstacles.

In order to solve such a problem, the present inventor is diligent about the configuration of an attachment that can be safely grasped together with the destruction and division of obstacles in order to efficiently and safely remove obstacles in a relatively small diameter casing excavation method. As a result of the research, we found a new attachment configuration that reduces the time required for attachment replacement and shortens the construction period by destroying and removing underground obstacles with a single machine. In this configuration, when the object is destroyed or divided, the object can be screwed by using the turning force of the excavator by sandwiching it with a high-power cylinder. Since it is not cut or crushed, the subsequent waste collection time is shortened. Further, also in the pulling process, by using two of the above high output cylinders, even if the object is eccentric, it can be reliably grasped at that position and stable lifting can be performed.

That is, in order to achieve the above object , the present invention presents the present invention at the lower end of a kelly bar that rotates simultaneously with the rotary head of an excavator in a casing excavation method in which a cylindrical casing is propelled and excavated in order to remove an underground obstacle. In an underground obstacle removing device that is attached and rotates with the rotation of the kelly bar to excavate the inside of the casing and is used as an attachment for removing the underground obstacle in the casing, it is connected to the lower end of the kelly bar. A gripping machine and a cylindrical outer shell having a cutter bit at the bottom of the cylinder for excavation are provided, and the gripping machine includes a pair of arms, a hydraulic cylinder for opening and closing the pair of arms, and the pair of arms. It is composed of a frame that supports the hydraulic cylinder, and the gripping machine is housed in the outer shell and connected to the outer shell by two connecting pins, and the gripping machine is attached to the side surface of the outer shell cylinder. When a hole for accommodating the pair of arms is provided and the pair of arms is open, the outer diameter and inner diameter of the pair of arms are both the cylindrical side surface and the surface of the outer shell along the cylindrical shape of the outer shell. It is characterized by having a single shape.

According to the present invention, when removing an underground obstacle, excavation and division / grasping can be performed at the same time. Further, since the object can be excavated by the outer shell and the arm of the grasping machine can be reliably inserted to a predetermined position, the object can be reliably grasped. The cutting function of the outer shell and the pinching by the two high-power cylinders allow the rotational force of the kelly bar to be transmitted to the object, enabling threading and split removal of the object. In addition, since cutting is possible with the outer shell, if there is an underground obstacle in a relatively shallow position, there is no need to place a casing, and excavation, ground cutting, breaking, and pulling can be performed with this attachment alone.

It is the schematic which shows the whole structure of the excavator which attaches and uses the underground obstacle removal device which concerns on embodiment of this invention as an attachment. It is a 1st sectional view which cuts out a part of the underground obstacle removal apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and shows the state which the arm is opened. It is a 2nd cross-sectional block diagram which shows by cutting out a part of the underground obstacle removal apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and shows the state which the arm is closed. It is the first perspective view which cut out a part of the underground obstacle removal apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and shows the state which the arm is opened. It is the 2nd perspective view which cut out a part of the underground obstacle removal apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and shows the state which the arm is closed. It is a 1st bottom view which shows the state which opened the arm of the underground obstacle removal apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a second bottom view which shows the state which the arm of the underground obstacle removal apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention is closed. It is a 1st perspective view which shows the state which opened the arm of the underground obstacle removal apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a 2nd perspective view which shows the state which the arm of the underground obstacle removal apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention is closed. It is a top view of the underground obstacle removal device which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the mode which incorporates the gripping machine into the outer shell in the underground obstacle removal apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, the underground obstacle removal device according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an overall configuration of an excavator used by attaching an underground obstacle removal device according to an embodiment of the present invention as an attachment. As shown in FIG. 1, the underground obstacle removing device 100 according to the present embodiment is an excavator 20 in a casing excavation method in which a cylindrical casing 50 is propelled and excavated in order to remove an underground obstacle (not shown). It is attached to the lower end of the kelly bar 24 that rotates simultaneously with the rotary head 22 of the above, and is used as an attachment for excavating the inside of the casing 50 by rotating with the rotation of the kelly bar 24 and removing underground obstacles in the casing 50.

2 and 3 are first and second cross-sectional configuration views showing a part of the underground obstacle removal device cut out, and show a state in which the arm is open and a state in which the arm is closed, respectively. 4 and 5 are first and second perspective views in which a part of the underground obstacle removal device is cut out, and shows a state in which the arm is open and a state in which the arm is closed, respectively. 6 and 7 are first and second bottom views of the underground obstacle removal device, showing a state in which the arm is open and a state in which the arm is closed, respectively. 8 and 9 are first and second perspective views of the underground obstacle removal device, showing a state in which the arm is open and a state in which the arm is closed, respectively. FIG. 10 is a top view of the underground obstacle removal device. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 10, the underground obstacle removing device 100 according to the present embodiment is provided with a gripping machine 110 connected to the lower end of the kelly bar 24 and a cutter bit at the bottom of the cylinder to perform excavation. The gripping machine 110 includes an outer shell 120, and supports a pair of hydraulic cylinders 114a, 114b, arms 112a, 112b, and hydraulic cylinders 114a, 114b for opening and closing a pair of arms 112a, 112b and a pair of arms 112a, 112b. It is composed of a frame 116. The gripping machine 110 is housed in the outer shell 120 and is connected to the outer shell 120 by two connecting pins 130, and the holes 122a in which the arms 112a and 112b of the gripping machine 110 are stored in the cylindrical side surface portion 122 of the outer shell 120. , 122b are provided, and when the pair of arms 112a and 112b are open, the outer diameter and inner diameter of the outer shell 120 are flush with the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical side surface portion 122 of the outer shell 120. have. That is, a storage space 125 for the arms 112a and 112b is formed on the cylindrical side surface portion 122 of the outer shell 120, for example, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5 surrounded by a broken line in an elliptical shape. The outer shell 120 is provided with a cutter bit (not shown) at the bottom of the cylinder, and mainly excavates. Further, as shown in FIGS. 2, 8 and 9, for example, a plurality of through holes 128 are formed in the cylindrical side surface portion 122 of the outer shell 120, so that excavated earth and sand or the like can be easily discharged to the outside. It has become like.

As described above, in the underground obstacle removal device 100 according to the present embodiment, the cylindrical side surface portion 122 of the outer shell 120 is provided with holes 122a and 122b in which the arms 112a and 112b of the gripping machine 110 are stored. Since the arms 112a and 112b also form a shape along the cylindrical surface of the outer shell 120, both the outer diameter and the inner diameter are flush with the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical side surface portion 122, and the arms 112a and 112b of the gripper 110 are flush with each other during excavation. Does not become a drilling resistance. That is, the shapes of the arms 112a and 112b of the gripping machine 110 are arcuate along the outer shell 120, and the arms 112a and 112b are housed in the space excavated by the outer shell 120 to grab an obstacle. Therefore, there is no need for extra cutting to form a space for inserting the arms 112a and 112b, and the efficiency of excavation is improved and the cost is reduced.

Further, since the grasping machine 110 opens and closes the arms 112a and 112b by the two hydraulic cylinders 114a and 114b, the eccentric object can be grasped at the eccentric position. Further, since the outer shell 120 is guided by the casing, the posture of the gripping machine 110 is stable, and the object can be reliably grasped without being displaced by the gripping reaction force of the arms 112a and 112b. In this way, grasping the object in a stable posture causes the balance to be lost when the underground obstacle removing device 100 and the object are lifted from the casing, and the risk of the object falling is reduced.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a mode in which the gripping machine 110 is incorporated into the outer shell 120 in the underground obstacle removing device according to the present embodiment. Another major feature of the embodiment of the present invention is that in the underground obstacle removing device 100 as an attachment of the excavator 20, the outer shell 120 and the gripping machine 110 are configured to be separable from each other. .. That is, in the underground obstacle removing device 100 of the present embodiment, the gripping machine 110 connected to the kelly bar 24 that rotates simultaneously with the rotary head 22 of the excavator 20 of FIG. 1 is as shown in FIGS. 2 to 10. , Stored in an outer shell 120 equipped with a cutter bit (not shown) for excavation and connected by two connecting pins 130. In this way, since the outer shell 10 is connected to the main body of the gripping machine 110 by two connecting pins 130, the outer shell 120, which is frequently repaired due to wear, can be easily replaced, and a spare outer shell can be used. By preparing it, cutting efficiency can be maintained, and since there is no operation stop due to repair, it can be expected that the construction period will be shortened and the machine operation rate will be improved.

In addition, even at a construction site, it can be easily attached and detached with two connecting pins 130 without using special tools. Therefore, by preparing multiple outer shells equipped with cutters with different cutting objects, it is possible to prepare multiple outer shells at the excavation site. An appropriate cutter can be used according to the geology and underground obstacles, and excavation efficiency can be improved. Further, since the outer shell can be replaced with an outer shell having a different size according to the size of the object, excavation can be performed with a size suitable for the object, and work efficiency can be improved.

As a method of using the underground obstacle removal device 100 according to the present embodiment, the machine is inserted into the casing 50 where the machine is placed, pushed and rotated by the kelly bar 22 of the excavator 20, and the arm 112a is used by the outer shell 120. Excavate to the position where 112b can catch the obstacle. After the excavation is completed to a depth that can be grasped, the arms 112a and 112b of the grasping machine 110 are closed to pinch the obstacle. When the pinching is completed, the rotational force of the kelly bar 22 of the excavator 20 causes the obstacle to be slid so as to be screwed, and the obstacle is destroyed and divided. Since the operator can confirm the completion of the division by weakening the rotational load of the Kelly bar 22, if the division is confirmed, the gripping machine 110 is raised as it is and the removal of the obstacle is completed.

In the case of an obstacle at a relatively shallow position, it is not necessary to drive the casing in advance, and the outer shell 120 can be used for excavation, ground cutting, and grasping, dividing, and lifting as it is. As described above, when the machine is used for removing obstacles at a relatively shallow position, the casing placing process is not required, so that the construction period can be shortened. As described above, when the underground obstacle removing device 100 is used for removing obstacles at a relatively shallow position, the excavation step by the casing described above is omitted, and the underground obstacle removing device 100 is used to cut the ground and remove obstacles. It can also be used as an attachment that performs breaking / removing work independently.

According to the underground obstacle removing device 100 of the present invention, when removing an underground obstacle, excavation and division / grasping can be performed at the same time. Further, since the object can be excavated by the outer shell 120 and the arms 112a and 112b of the gripping machine 100 can be reliably inserted to a predetermined position, the object can be reliably grasped. By the cutting function of the outer shell 120 and the sandwiching by the two high-power hydraulic cylinders 114a114b, the rotational force of the kelly bar 24 can be transmitted to the object, and the object can be threaded and separated and removed. In addition, since the outer shell 120 itself can cut, if there is an underground obstacle in a relatively shallow position, there is no need to place a casing, and excavation, ground cutting, breaking, and pulling up are possible with this attachment alone. be.

The embodiments described above are specific examples of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but may be applied to other embodiments within the scope of the following claims. And of course you can get it. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the pair of (two) hydraulic cylinders 114a and 114b are used to open and close the pair of arms 112a and 112b, but one hydraulic cylinder is used to open and close the pair of arms. Is also possible.

20 excavators, 22 rotary heads, 24 excavators, 50 casings,
100 Underground obstacle removal device, 110 grabber, 112a, 112b arm,
114a, 114b hydraulic cylinder, 116 frame, 120 outer shell,
122 Cylindrical side surface, 122a, 122b hole, 125 storage space, 128 through hole,
130 connecting pin

Claims (2)

In the casing excavation method in which a cylindrical casing is propelled and excavated to remove underground obstacles, it is attached to the lower end of a kelly bar that rotates simultaneously with the rotary head of the excavator, and rotates with the rotation of the kelly bar to enter the casing. In the underground obstacle removal device used as an attachment for excavating and removing the underground obstacle in the casing.
A gripping machine connected to the lower end of the kelly bar and a cylindrical outer shell having a cutter bit at the bottom of the cylinder for excavation are provided, and the gripping machine is a hydraulic cylinder that opens and closes a pair of arms and the pair of arms. The gripping machine is housed in the outer shell and connected to the outer shell by two connecting pins, and the side surface of the outer shell cylinder is formed by the pair of arms and a frame that supports the hydraulic cylinder. The portion is provided with a hole for accommodating the pair of arms of the gripping machine, and when the pair of arms is open, both the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the pair of arms follow the cylindrical shape of the outer shell. An underground obstacle removal device characterized by having a shape flush with the cylindrical side surface of the outer shell. The underground obstacle removing device according to claim 1, wherein the outer shell and the gripping machine are separable attachments.

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