JP7106515B2 - チオウレタンポリマー、その合成方法及び付加製造技術における使用 - Google Patents
チオウレタンポリマー、その合成方法及び付加製造技術における使用 Download PDFInfo
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- C08G18/755—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group containing one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group having a primary carbon atom next to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate group and at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to a secondary carbon atom of the cycloaliphatic ring, e.g. isophorone diisocyanate
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- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7614—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing only one aromatic ring
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- C08G18/7642—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing only one aromatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the aromatic ring by means of an aliphatic group containing at least two isocyanate or isothiocyanate groups linked to the aromatic ring by means of an aliphatic group having a primary carbon atom next to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate groups, e.g. xylylene diisocyanate or homologues substituted on the aromatic ring
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- C08G18/78—Nitrogen
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Description
本出願は、2016年3月15日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/308,664号及び2017年3月14日に出願された米国非仮特許出願第15/458,220号の米国特許法(35 U.S.C.)第119条(e)の下での利益を主張し、本明細書に完全に記載されているかのように、これらの全体を参照により本明細書に援用する。
チオール官能化モノマー:
名称:1,2’-エタンジチオール
頭字語:EDT
名称:1,5’-ペンタンジチオール
頭字語:PDT
名称:1,6’-ヘキサンジチオール
頭字語:HDT
名称:1,10’-デカンジチオール
頭字語:DDT
名前:トリシクロデカンジチオール
略語:TCDDT
名称:2,2’-チオジエタンチオール
頭字語:TDET
名称:2,2’-(エチレンジオキシ)ジエタンチオール
頭字語:EDDT
名称:1,4-ビス(3-メルカプトブチリルオキシ)ブタン
頭字語:BD1
名称:トリス[2-(3-メルカプトプロピオニルオキシ)エチル]イソシアヌラート
頭字語:TMICN
名称:トリメチロールプロパントリス(3-メルカプトプロピオナート)
略語:TMTMP
名称:ペンタエリスリトールテトラキス(3-メルカプトプロピオナート)
略語:PETMP
名称:ヘキサメチレンジイソシアナート
頭字語:HDI
名称:イソホロンジイソシアナート
頭字語:IDI
名称:トリス(6-イソシアナトヘキシル)イソシアヌラート
頭字語:HDI-T
名称:m-キシリレンジイソシアナート
頭字語:XDI
名称:トリレン-2,4-ジイソシアナート
頭字語:TDI
名称:1,1-ジメチル-1-(2-ヒドロキシ-3-フェノキシプロピル)アミンp-ニトロベンズイミド
頭字語:DANBA
名称:未だ無名
CAS:1857358-47-4
名称:ベンゼンエタンアミニウム、N-N、N-トリエチル-β-オキソ-,テトラフェニルボラート(1-)(9CI)
CAS:212753-21-4
頭字語:BTOTPB
光放出触媒:トリエチルアミン
名称:2-ナフタレンエタンアミニウム,N,N,N-トリエチル-β-オキソ-,テトラフェニルボラート(1-)(9CI)
CAS:376644-79-0
頭字語:NTOTPB
光放出触媒:トリエチルアミン
名称:1-ピレンエタンアミニウム,N,N,N-トリエチル-β-オキソ-,テトラフェニルボラート(1-)(9CI)
CAS:1532544-49-2
頭字語:PTOTPB
光放出触媒:トリエチルアミン
名称:ベンゼンメタンアミニウム,4-ベンゾイル-N,N,N-トリエチル-,テトラフェニルボラート(1-)(9CI)
CAS:216067-03-7
頭字語:BBTTPB
光放出触媒:トリエチルアミン
名称:9H-チオキサンテン-2-メタンアミニウム,N,N,N-トリエチル-9-オキソ-,テトラフェニルボラート(1-)(9CI)
CAS:929895-20-5
略語:TMTOTPB
光放出触媒:トリエチルアミン
1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]ウンデカ-7-エン
1,5-ジアザビシクロ[4.3.0]ノン-5-エン
トリブチルアミン
4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン
1,4-ジアザビシクロ[2.2.2]オクタン
1,1,3,3-テトラメチルグアニジン
ボラート(1-),ブチルトリフェニル-,(T-4)-
<ポリチオウレタン合成例>
一連の実験では、光塩基発生剤DANBAを、モノマー混合物の予想される質量の0.5重量%に等しくなるように測定し、覆われたシンチレーションバイアルに添加した。例示的なEDDT及びPETMPチオールモノマーを、バイアルに添加し、次に、それを、FlackTek DAC 400スピードミキサーで5分間、2000rpmで混合した。次に、例示的なHDIイソシアナートモノマーを、混合物に添加し、これを、FlackTek DAC 400スピードミキサーで5分間、2000rpmで再び混合した。ポリマー試料のフィルムの調製には、一軸引張試験以外の全ての試験のために、0.6mmのスペーサーによって隔てられた2枚のスライドガラス(3インチ×2インチ)に対応するモールドの間に混合物を入れる(例えば、注入又はピペットにより)ことが含まれる。引張試験のための試料は、1.1mmのスペーサーによって隔てられた2枚のスライドガラス(5インチ×4インチ)の間に混合物を入れることによって調製した。次に、混合物をモールドに入れた後、速い重合を開始させるために、混合物を365nmの光の下で、周囲温度で90分間、硬化させて、ポリマー試料を形成した。次に、各ポリマー試料を、85℃で少なくとも12時間、真空下で後硬化させた。
示差走査熱量測定法(DSC)による測定は、40μLのアルミニウムるつぼにてメトラートレド(Mettler Toledo)(オハイオ州のコロンバス)DSC 1で行った。ガラス転移温度(Tg)を測定するために、ポリチオウレタンポリマー試料を室温から-50℃に冷却し、200℃に加熱した。次に、更に2サイクルの場合は、各試料を冷却して-50℃に戻し、200℃に加熱した。全ての加熱及び冷却速度は10℃/分に固定した。全ての試験を窒素雰囲気下で行った。第2の加熱ランプは、以下に記載したように実施した。Tgは転移の中点として表される。各試料について行った少なくとも3回の別々の試験の平均値を、本明細書に報告する。
図3は、表1に関連して記載した異なる試料ポリマーの各々について実施した例示的なDSCの第1の加熱ランプを示す。DCSデータは、試料のガラス転移温度及び結晶化度に関する情報を提供する。試料EH、PEH-1、PEH-2、及びPEH-3では、100℃付近に結晶融解吸熱が見られる。試料PEH-4、PEH-5、及びPEH-6では、試験を通して融解吸熱は示されない。
図5及び図6は、図3に関連して記載したのと同じ例示的なチオウレタンポリマーに対する温度の関数としての、例示的な引張貯蔵弾性率と例示的なタンデルタ(Tan delta)値とをそれぞれ示す。図示されるように、ガラス弾性率は、試料の結晶化度に依存する。非結晶性アモルファスポリマー試料PEH-4、PEH-5及びPEH-6は全て、約2400MPaのゴム弾性率を有する。これは、約1600MPaのガラスヤング率を有し得るいくつかの光硬化チオール-エン(-ene)ポリマー網目構造よりも高い。いくらかの結晶化度を有する試料(EH、PEH-1、PEH-2、PEH-3)は、約3000MPaまでのガラス弾性率を有し、上記チオール-エン(-ene)網目構造の約2倍である。このようなガラス弾性率を有するチオウレタンポリマーは、機械的剛性が有益である用途、例えば、最小の座屈剛性(buckling stiffness)を必要とするポリマー部品において有利であり得る。このような高いガラス弾性率を有するポリマー部品は、必要な剛性を維持しながら、厚さがより薄い製造デバイス(例えば、移植可能な組織プローブ)を実現できる。それにより、これは、経時的なデバイスの性能及び安定性を高めることができる。
試料PEH-1の再結晶化の特徴を、DSC及び一軸引張試験によって調べた。PEH-1の試料を125℃に加熱して、試料から結晶部分を除去した。次に、アモルファスポリマーを85℃で24時間、アニールして、再結晶化を誘導した。図8は、例示的なチオウレタンポリマーPEH-1の示差走査熱量測定加熱ランプ(縦の目盛りは任意である)を、合成後の第1の加熱ランプと、ポリマー微結晶を融解するために125℃に加熱した後の加熱ランプと、ポリマーを再結晶化させるためにアモルファスポリマーを85℃で24時間保持した後の加熱ランプとを示して比較している。図9は、図8に関連して記載したような、合成後及び再結晶化後の例示的なチオウレタンポリマーPEH-1試料の20℃での例示的な引張応力対歪み挙動を示す。
追加的なポリチオウレタンポリマー試料を、2つ以上のチオール官能基を有する第1の種類のモノマーと、2つ以上のイソシアナート官能基を有する第2の種類のモノマーとを組み合わせて、実験1に記載したのと同様の手順で合成し、次に、実験1に記載したのと同様の手順を使用して試験した。
Claims (6)
- 20%から60%の結晶化度を有する半結晶性チオウレタンポリマーを合成する方法であって、
第1の種類のモノマー、第2の種類のモノマー及び光潜在性塩基を含む混合物を形成する工程であって、前記第1の種類のモノマーが、2つのチオール官能基を有する化合物を90モル%から100モル%、及び4つのチオール官能基を有する化合物を0モル%から10モル%含み、前記第2の種類のモノマーが、2つのイソシアネート官能基を有する、工程;並びに
前記光潜在性塩基を光開始分解させて、7より大きいpKaを有する非求核性塩基触媒を形成し、これにより、前記第1の種類のモノマーと前記第2の種類のモノマーとの段階成長重合を開始させる工程、
を含み、
前記2つのチオール官能基を有する化合物が、EDDTであり、前記4つのチオール官能基を有する化合物が、PETMPであり、前記第2の種類のモノマーが、HDIである、上記方法。 - 半結晶性チオウレタンポリマーを合成する方法であって、
第1の種類のモノマー、第2の種類のモノマー及び光潜在性塩基を含む混合物を形成する工程であって、前記第1の種類のモノマーが、2つ以上のチオール官能基を含み、且つ前記第2の種類のモノマーが、2つ以上のイソシアナート官能基を含む、工程;並びに
前記光潜在性塩基を光開始分解させて、7より大きいpKaを有する非求核性塩基触媒を形成し、これにより、前記第1の種類のモノマーと前記第2の種類のモノマーとの段階成長重合を開始させる工程、
を含む方法であり、
前記第1の種類のモノマーが、EDDTを90モル%から100モル%、及びPETMPを0モル%から10モル%含み、前記第2の種類のモノマーが、HDIを100モル%を含む、上記方法。 - 前記混合物に添加される前記光潜在性塩基が、前記混合物中の前記第1及び第2の種類のモノマーの全重量に対して、約0.005重量%から0.1重量%未満の範囲の値である、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記混合物に添加される前記光潜在性塩基が、前記混合物中の前記第1及び第2の種類のモノマーの全重量に対して、約0.1重量%から1重量%の範囲の値である、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の種類のモノマーと前記第2の種類のモノマーとの前記段階成長重合が、非無水の空気環境及び無溶媒環境下で室温で行われる、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 微結晶を除去するための、前記半結晶性チオウレタンポリマーの重合後の熱硬化工程、その後の再結晶化工程を更に含む、請求項2に記載の方法。
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