JP7129949B2 - Raw material dispensing device and processing method for scrap electronic and electrical equipment parts - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a raw material dispensing device and a method for processing scrap electronic and electrical equipment parts using the same.

In recent years, from the perspective of resource conservation, it has become more and more popular to recover valuable metals from electronic and electrical device parts scraps such as waste home appliances, PCs and mobile phones, and efficient recovery methods are being investigated. have been proposed.

For example, in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 9-78151 (Patent Document 1), scraps containing valuable metals are charged into a flash furnace for copper ore smelting, and the valuable metals are collected into matte that remains in the furnace. A method for recycling valuable metals including According to such a recycling method, scrap processing can be combined with copper smelting in a copper smelting flash furnace, so valuable metals can be recovered at low cost even from scraps with a low content of valuable metals. .

However, in the treatment using a self-smelting furnace for copper smelting as described in Patent Document 1, when the processing amount of electronic/electrical equipment parts scrap increases, organic substances such as resins constituting electric/electronic equipment parts scraps The carbon component contained in the smelting furnace increases, and troubles may occur due to over-reduction in the smelting furnace. On the other hand, since the amount of scrap electronic and electrical equipment parts processed has been increasing in recent years, efficient processing in a copper smelting flash furnace is desired.

As one of the methods to prevent troubles caused by over-reduction in the copper smelting flash furnace, electronic and electrical equipment parts scraps are pulverized before being processed in the copper smelting flash smelting furnace to reduce the capacity. is proposed to be reduced. For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-123418 (Patent Document 2), after incinerating electrical and electronic device parts scrap containing copper, it is pulverized to a predetermined size or less, and the pulverized electrical and electronic device parts scrap is smelted with copper. Furnace processing is described.

However, due to the increase in the amount of electronic and electrical equipment parts scraps processed, depending on the type of substances contained in electronic and electrical equipment parts scraps, substances that are unfavorable for treatment in the subsequent copper smelting process (refining inhibitors) will be introduced in a larger amount than before. If the amount of smelting inhibitors charged into such a copper smelting process increases, there arises a situation where the amount of electronic/electrical equipment parts scraps charged must be restricted.

Including smelting inhibitors derived from natural ores, many efforts have been made in the past for thermodynamic methods in the smelting process of copper smelting and methods for refining electrolyte solutions in the electrolysis process. In comparison, there are many problems in the method of processing electronic and electrical equipment component scraps, which contain remarkably large amounts of smelting inhibitors.

JP-A-9-78151 JP 2015-123418 A

The inventors of the present invention have so far efficiently sorted processing raw materials containing valuable metals for processing in the smelting process from electronic and electrical equipment parts scraps, and various sorting processes suitable for removing smelting inhibitors. We have been earnestly studying the sorting machine.

However, raw materials such as electronic and electrical equipment parts scraps, in which raw materials of various shapes, specific gravities, and shapes are mixed, are particularly prone to tangling with each other, and it is difficult to divide the carried raw materials into fixed amounts. There is a limit to manual work, and an efficient dispensing method and device have been desired.

In view of the above problems, the present disclosure is a raw material dispensing device that can efficiently dispense raw materials in which raw materials of various shapes, specific gravities, and shapes are mixed, and electronic / electrical equipment parts scraps using the same. Provide processing methods.

As a result of intensive studies by the present inventors in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, it is effective to provide a storage unit that stores and dispenses raw materials together, and to optimize the spacing of pillars for adjusting the amount of raw materials to be dispensed when the raw materials are dispensed. I got the knowledge that it is.

In one aspect of the present invention, a dispensing port for dispensing raw materials is provided at one end, a reservoir for storing the raw materials, and a bottom surface of the reservoir for conveying the raw materials toward the dispensing port, A dispensing portion for dispensing out of the storage portion and a plurality of pillars extending downward from above the dispensing portion are provided, and the pillars hold down a portion of the raw material to adjust the amount of raw material to be dispensed out of the storage portion. The distance (d1) between the pillar closest to the side surface of the storage section and the side surface of the storage section, and the The ratio (d1/d2) of the narrowest spacing (d2) between the central struts and the height from the floor (H1) of the strut closest to the reservoir side to the strut closest to the reservoir side and the ratio (H1/H2) of the minimum height (H2) of the stanchion from the floor, respectively.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a dispensing port for dispensing raw materials is provided at one end, electronic and electrical equipment component scraps are stored in a storage section for storing raw materials, and disposed on the bottom surface of the storage section. Electronic and electrical equipment parts waste is conveyed to the dispensing port by the dispensing part, and by adjusting the spacing and height between the pillars of a plurality of pillars extending downward from the dispensing part, the electronic / electrical equipment parts Provided is a method for processing electronic/electrical device component scraps, which includes dispensing electronic/electrical device component wastes out of a storage section while holding down a portion of the electronic/electrical device component wastes.

According to the present disclosure, a raw material dispensing device capable of efficiently dispensing raw materials in which raw materials of various shapes, specific gravities, and shapes are mixed at a fixed amount, and a method for processing scrap electronic and electrical equipment parts using the same. can provide.

1 is a perspective view showing a raw material dispensing device according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. It is a front view seen from the dispensing port of the raw material dispensing device according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram showing an example of arrangement of the support of the adjusting unit provided in the raw material dispensing device. It is a top view which shows the operation|movement of the delivery part with which a raw material delivery apparatus is provided. It is a top view which shows the operation|movement of the delivery part with which a raw material delivery apparatus is provided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is explanatory drawing showing the raw material delivery system provided with the raw material delivery apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the description of the drawings below, the same or similar parts are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals. It should be noted that the embodiments shown below are examples of apparatuses and methods for embodying the technical idea of the present invention. is not specific to

(Material dispensing device)
As shown in FIG. 1, a raw material dispensing device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a storage section 1 for storing raw materials, a dispensing section 2 for dispensing raw materials to the outside of the storage section 1, and a An adjustment unit 3 for adjusting the amount of raw material discharged out of the storage unit 1 is provided.

The storage part 1 is provided at one end with a dispensing port 11 for dispensing raw materials. The reservoir 1 has a back surface 12 , side surfaces 13 and 14 facing each other, and a bottom surface 15 . A raw material is placed on the bottom surface 15 of the reservoir 1 .

The dispensing portion 2 is arranged on the bottom surface 15 of the storage portion 1 . As the dispensing unit 2, a so-called floor plate moving type metering feeder is used. For example, the dispensing portion 2 is arranged on the bottom surface 15 of the storage portion 1, and includes a plurality of guides 21 extending substantially parallel to each other from the rear surface 12 side of the storage portion 1 to the dispensing port 11 side at intervals, and a guide 21 so as to cover the guides 21. a plurality of slats 22 respectively arranged on a guide 21 and for dispensing the raw material out of the storage section 1 by reciprocating along the guide 21 between the dispensing port 11 and the back surface 12 in the storage section 1; and a drive device (not shown) for driving the reciprocating movement of the plurality of slats 22 .

A plurality of slats 22 provided in the dispensing portion 2 reciprocate between the dispensing port 11 and the back surface 12, so that the raw material stored in the storage portion 1 is gradually pushed out toward the dispensing port 11 side and dispensed. It is dispensed out of the exit 11.

As shown in FIG. 1, above the delivery part 2 near the delivery port 11, a plurality of pillars 31 extending downward from above the delivery part 2 are provided. An adjustment section 3 is provided for adjusting the amount of raw material dispensed out of the section 1 . The adjusting part 3 is fixed between the opposing side surfaces 13 and 14 of the storage part 1, and includes a support fixing part 32 for fixing the plurality of supports 31 and a height adjusting part for adjusting the height of the support from the bottom surface of the storage part. and a depth adjustment unit (not shown).

The pillar fixing part 32 fixes the plurality of pillars 31 at predetermined positions so that the plurality of pillars 31 do not move toward the dispensing port 11 due to the pressure of the raw material dispensed from the rear surface 12 side to the dispensing port 11 side. The structure is not limited to the example shown in FIG.

In the example of FIG. 1 , a columnar post fixing portion 32 spans between the side surfaces 13 and 14 , and a plurality of posts 31 are accommodated in a plurality of openings provided in the post fixing portion 32 . ing. Then, the height of the column 31 is fixed to an arbitrary height by a height adjusting portion composed of fasteners (not shown) such as bolts and flanges provided in the column fixing portion 32 near the opening. It's like

A height detection unit 33 for detecting the height of each support 31 from the floor, that is, the upper surface of the slat 22 may be provided on the support support 32 . For example, a microwave sensor or the like can be used as the height detection unit 33 . A control device 34 is provided which can change the height of the pillar 31 according to the storage state of the raw material by controlling the height adjustment unit that adjusts the height of the pillar 31 based on the detection result of the height detection unit 33 . may be

Intervals d1 and d2 between the plurality of columns 31 and heights H1 and H2 from the floor can be adjusted according to the type of material to be dispensed. In particular, as a result of intensive studies on how to smoothly convey and dispense raw materials such as scraps of electronic and electrical equipment parts in which raw materials of various shapes, specific gravities, and shapes are mixed, there is no stagnation of the raw materials. It has been found that it is effective to adjust the spacing and spacing ratio and the height and height ratio of , respectively.

As a result of studies by the present inventors, when raw materials of various shapes, specific gravities, and shapes such as scraps of electronic and electrical equipment parts are accommodated in the raw material dispensing device 100 of FIG. , 14 was not discharged well and stagnated, and the stagnant raw material was further entangled with the raw material in the central part, resulting in clogging (bridge).

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, in order to suppress clogging of the raw material near the side surfaces 13 and 14 of the storage section 1, the support 31 closest to the side surfaces 13 and 14 of the storage section 1 and the side surface of the storage section 1 are provided. and the narrowest interval (d2) between the struts 31 in the central part of the storage part 1 and the ratio (d1/d2) of the struts 31 closest to the side surfaces 13 and 14 of the storage part 1 The ratio (H1/H2) of the height (H1) from the floor of the reservoir 1 and the minimum height (H2) from the floor of the struts 31 other than the struts 31 closest to the sides 13 and 14 of the reservoir 1 can be adjusted. preferable.

More specifically, when d1≤d2, it is preferable to arrange a plurality of struts 31 so that H1/H2=3 to 10, and when d1/d2 is 1 or less, 0.3 or more is preferable. When d1>d2, it is preferable to arrange a plurality of struts 31 so that H1/H2=0.5 to 3. When d1/d2 exceeds 1, 5 or less is preferable. As a result, the raw material dispensing device 100 can be obtained, which can efficiently dispense raw materials in which raw materials having various shapes, specific gravities, and shapes are mixed at regular intervals.

The number of struts 31 is not limited, but can be, for example, 3-10, preferably 3-8, more preferably 4-6. The height H of each support 31 from the bottom surface 15 is adjusted according to the state of the raw material. In the present embodiment, the “distance d2 between the columns 31 in the central portion” means the distance between the column 31 closest to the center in the horizontal direction of the storage section 1 and the column 31 closest to the center in the horizontal direction.

The height of the pillars 31 may be varied so as to have different heights along the horizontal direction according to the stagnant state of the raw material. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, when the raw material is hardened near the support 31 in the center and it is difficult to dispense, the height of the support 31 in the center is made higher than the height of the support 31 on the sides 13 and 14. can also be made higher so that the material can be easily discharged from the vicinity of the center. Although not limited to the following, in this embodiment, the length from the side surface 13 to the side surface 14 of the storage unit 1 can be, for example, 300 to 500 m, and the lower end of the support 31 from the upper surface of the dispensing unit 2 The height H up to can be 500 mm to 800 mm.

In addition, in the example of FIG. 1, an example is described in which the adjustment unit 3 for adjusting the amount of raw material discharged out of the storage unit 1 while suppressing the raw material in the storage unit 1 is provided at one place on the dispensing port 11 side. However, it is preferable to provide a plurality of stages, preferably two stages or more, more preferably three stages or more, at regular intervals from the dispensing port 11 side to the back surface 12 side. By providing the adjustment units 3 in a plurality of stages and adjusting the height of the pillars 31 provided in each adjustment unit 3, it is possible to control the raw material to be discharged more smoothly while suppressing the retention of the raw material. . In particular, the height of the raw material in front of the raw material adjusting section should be 1.3 to 5 times, more preferably 3 times or less, that of H2.

When dispensing raw materials using the raw material dispensing device 100 shown in FIG. 1, the raw materials are first placed on the bottom surface 15 of the storage section 1, and the dispensing section 2 is driven by a driving device (not shown). Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4(a), first, all the slats 22 move from the dispensing port 11 side to the back surface 12 side. A guide 21 arranged below the slat 22 is exposed near the dispensing port 11 side. Next, as shown in FIG. 4(b), all the slats 22 move from the back surface 12 side to the discharge port 11 side while holding the raw material accommodated on the back surface 12 side, so that the raw material is discharged from the discharge port 11 side. It is transported to the 11th side.

As shown in FIG. 4(c), a portion of the slat 22 moves from the outlet 11 side to the back surface 12 side. Although this embodiment shows an example in which three adjacent slats 22 operate as a set, it is of course not limited to this example. In the example of FIG. 4(c), the leftmost slat 22 and the fourth slat 22 from the left move toward the rear surface 12, and the material is held on the leftmost guide 21 and the fourth guide 21 from the left. .

The slats 22 adjacent to the slats 22 that have moved to the back 12 side in FIG. 4(c), that is, as shown in FIG. to the rear surface 12 side. A portion of the raw material is held on guides 21 . As shown in FIG. 5B, the third slat 22 and the sixth slat 22 from the left move toward the rear surface 12 side. After all the slats 22 have moved toward the back surface 12, all the slats 22 move toward the dispensing port 11 as shown in FIG. 5(c). Due to this movement, the raw material on the guide 21 is pushed toward the dispensing port 11 side and stored in the storage section 4 arranged below the dispensing port 11 . By repeating the operations of FIGS. 4(a) to 5(c) a plurality of times, a given amount of raw material is evenly distributed to a plurality of storage units 4. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the storage section 4 is transported by a transport section 5 such as a belt conveyor.

According to the raw material dispensing device 100 and the dispensing method according to the embodiment of the present invention, the raw material dispensing device 100 and the raw material dispensing method are capable of efficiently dispensing raw materials in which raw materials having various shapes, specific gravities, and shapes are mixed at regular intervals. It is possible to provide a method for processing scrap electronic and electrical equipment parts using this.

(Method for processing scrap electronic and electrical equipment parts)
The raw material dispensing device 100 shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 uses various sorters such as a wind sorter, a metal sorter, a color sorter, and a sifter before performing sorting processing for sorting electronic and electrical equipment component scraps. , and is particularly suitable as a device for sorting by the amount that can be processed by each sorting machine.

"Electronic/electrical device parts scrap" in the present embodiment refers to scraps obtained by crushing electronic/electrical devices such as waste home appliances, PCs, and mobile phones, and after being collected, crushed to an appropriate size. point to In the present embodiment, the crushing to obtain electronic/electrical device parts scraps may be performed by the processor himself/herself, or the crushed parts purchased in the market may be used.

The crushing method is not limited to a specific device, and may be a shearing method or an impact method. Therefore, it does not include equipment belonging to the category of grinders whose purpose is to grind finely.

Electronic and electrical equipment parts scraps include substrates, parts such as ICs and connectors, synthetic resins (plastics) used for housings, etc., wire scraps, metals, film-like parts scraps, powders generated by crushing and pulverization, and others. , and can be further classified according to the processing purpose. Although not limited to the following, in this embodiment, the maximum diameter is crushed to 100 mm or less, more typically 50 mm or less, and the ratio of individual separation as scrap parts is the weight ratio 70% or more of electronic and electrical equipment parts waste can be suitably processed.

By using the material dispensing device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention to withdraw these various types of scrap parts at regular intervals, raw materials in which raw materials of various shapes, specific gravities, and shapes are mixed can be efficiently processed. Thus, it becomes possible to supply raw materials for the subsequent sorting process more smoothly. By processing each raw material in a predetermined order, for example, when the sorted material is used in the copper smelting process, substances unfavorable for treatment in the copper smelting process, such as antimony (Sb), nickel (Ni ) and other elements, resins, aluminum (Al), iron (Fe) and other smelting inhibitors are reduced as much as possible, while obtaining raw materials in which valuable metals including gold, silver, platinum, palladium and copper are concentrated. can.

The present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and can be embodied by modifying the constituent elements without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Also, various inventions can be formed by appropriate combinations of a plurality of constituent elements disclosed in this embodiment. For example, some constituent elements may be deleted from all the constituent elements shown in this embodiment, or each constituent element may be combined as appropriate.

For example, as shown in FIG. 6 , a measuring unit 6 for measuring the weight of the storage unit 4 may be arranged in the transport unit 5 that transports the storage unit 4 that stores the material dispensed from the storage unit 1 . The weight information of the raw material in the storage unit 4 measured by the measuring unit 6 is sent to the raw material adjusting unit 7 composed of a general-purpose computer or the like, and the raw material adjusting unit 7 analyzes the measurement result of the measuring unit 6 to obtain the result. Based on the analysis result, the number of reciprocating movements of the slats 22 is adjusted by the driving device 23 that drives the reciprocating movements of the slats 22 . As a result, the amount of raw material stored in the storage section 4 is adjusted to a more appropriate weight. According to the system shown in FIG. 6, it is possible to adjust according to the type of raw material so that an appropriate amount of raw material according to the processing capacity of the sorting machine for processing the raw material is stored in the storage unit 4. , more efficient processing can be performed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Storage part 2... Dispensing part 3... Adjusting part 4... Accommodating part 5... Conveying part 6... Measuring part 7... Raw material adjusting part 11... Dispensing port 12... Back surface 13... Side surface 14... Side surface 15... Bottom surface 21... Guide 22... DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 23... Drive device 31... Support|pillar 32... Support|pillar fixing|fixed part 33... Detection part 34... Control apparatus 100... Raw material delivery apparatus

Claims (7)

a reservoir for storing the raw material, provided at one end with a dispensing port for dispensing the raw material;
a dispensing section disposed on the bottom surface of the storage section for conveying the raw material toward the dispensing opening and dispensing it out of the storage section;
an adjusting unit that includes a plurality of pillars that extend downward from the upper side of the dispensing portion, and that controls a portion of the raw material by the pillars and adjusts the amount of the raw material that is dispensed to the outside of the storage portion;
The distance (d1) between the support closest to the side surface of the storage section and the side surface of the storage section and the central portion of the storage section are used to prevent clogging of the raw material discharged out of the storage section. ratio (d1/d2) of the narrowest spacing (d2) of the spacing between the struts, the height from the floor (H1) of the strut closest to the side of the reservoir and the strut closest to the side of the reservoir and the ratio (H1/H2) of the minimum height (H2) of the pillar from the floor, respectively. The raw material dispensing device according to claim 1, wherein when d1≦d2, H1/H2 is adjusted to 3 to 10, and when d1>d2, H1/H2 is adjusted to 0.5 to 3. . The adjustment unit
a pillar fixing part that is fixed between the opposing side surfaces of the storage part and that fixes the plurality of pillars;
The raw material dispensing device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: a height adjusting section that adjusts the height of the support from the bottom surface of the storage section. The dispensing unit
a plurality of guides arranged on the bottom surface of the storage section and extending from the back side of the storage section to the outlet side at intervals;
a plurality of slats that reciprocate within the storage section along the guide and expel the raw material out of the storage section;
The raw material dispensing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a driving device for driving the reciprocating movement of the plurality of slats. a storage unit that stores the raw material dispensed from the storage unit;
a transport unit that transports the storage unit;
a measurement unit that measures the weight of the storage unit;
The raw material dispensing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a raw material adjustment unit that adjusts the amount of raw material stored in the storage unit based on the measurement result of the measurement unit. . The raw material dispensing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the raw material includes scrap electronic and electrical equipment parts. Equipped with a dispensing port for dispensing raw materials at one end, and storing electronic and electrical equipment parts scraps in a storage section for storing the raw materials,
The electronic/electrical device component waste is conveyed to the outlet by a delivery section arranged on the bottom surface of the storage section, and the spacing and height between a plurality of posts extending downward from the delivery section are adjusted. Dispensing the electronic/electrical device component waste out of the storage unit while suppressing part of the electronic/electrical device component waste by adjusting each
Adjusting the spacing and height between the pillars of the plurality of pillars,
The ratio (d1/d2) of the distance (d1) between the pillar closest to the side of the reservoir and the side of the reservoir and the narrowest distance (d2) between the pillars in the center of the reservoir and the ratio (H1/H2 ) and are adjusted respectively .

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