JP7141889B2 - Sensors and components - Google Patents

Description

The present disclosure relates to sensors and components that include sensors.

Conventionally, a sensor for detecting twist of an object to be measured includes a strain sensor formed by a metal film pattern on the surface of a single flexible electrically insulating member. The sensor has an electrically insulating member attached to the surface of the object to be measured, and detects the twist of the object to be measured. The torsional moment detection device of Patent Document 1 is an example of a conventional sensor.

JP 2016-61689 A

It is preferable that the strain sensor has high accuracy in detecting the twist of the object to be measured.
One of the objects of the present disclosure is to provide a sensor and a component that can improve the accuracy of twist detection of an object to be measured.

A sensor according to the first aspect of the present disclosure is a sensor that is attached to an object to be measured that rotates about a rotation center axis and that includes a strain sensor for detecting torsion of the object to be measured about the rotation center axis. The strain sensor includes an electrically insulating member having flexibility, and a conductive film provided on the electrically insulating member and having a predetermined pattern portion, and the predetermined pattern portion is provided so that the strain sensor When attached to the object to be measured, it extends over 90° or more in the circumferential direction around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured.
According to the sensor of the first side, the strain sensor has a wider range to detect the twist around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured, so the accuracy of detecting the twist around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured can be improved.

In the sensor of the second aspect according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, in a state in which the strain sensor is attached to the object to be measured, the predetermined pattern portion extends in a direction parallel to the rotation center axis and to the object to be measured. It includes portions extending obliquely with respect to each of said circumferential directions of the object.
According to the sensor of the second side, when the direction of the twist around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured approaches the direction in which the pattern portion extends, the strain sensor detects the twist around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured. Can improve accuracy.

In the third aspect sensor according to the first or second aspect of the present disclosure, the predetermined pattern portion includes two pattern portions, and when the strain sensor is attached to the object to be measured, the two The pattern portions are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured.
According to the sensor of the third aspect, the strain sensor can detect the twist around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured in a wide range, so that the accuracy of detecting the twist around the rotation center axis of the object can be improved.

In the fourth aspect sensor according to the first or second aspect of the present disclosure, the predetermined pattern portion includes two pattern portions, and when the strain sensor is attached to the object to be measured, the two The pattern portion is arranged to intersect a first plane perpendicular to the rotation center axis.
According to the sensor of the fourth aspect, since the two pattern portions are arranged at approximately the same location on the object to be measured in the direction parallel to the rotation center axis of the object, A torsion around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured at approximately the same location in the direction can be widely detected in the circumferential direction around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured. Therefore, it is possible to improve the detection accuracy of the torsion of the object to be measured about the rotation center axis.

In the sensor of the fifth aspect according to the third or fourth aspect of the present disclosure, the two pattern portions extend 180 degrees in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured with the strain sensor attached to the object to be measured. ° or more.
According to the sensor of the fifth aspect, the strain sensor has a wider range to detect the twist around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured, so the accuracy of detecting the twist around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured is further improved. can.

In the sixth aspect sensor according to any one of the third to fifth aspects of the present disclosure, in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured, the lengths of the two pattern portions are substantially equal, and the rotation center axis In a direction parallel to the center, the lengths of the two pattern portions are substantially equal.
According to the sensor of the sixth aspect, it is possible to suppress variations in detection accuracy of twist about the rotation center axis of the object to be measured due to the difference in length between the two pattern portions.

In the seventh aspect sensor according to any one of the third to sixth aspects of the present disclosure, the two pattern portions are arranged in a direction parallel to the rotation center axis and in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured, respectively. The two pattern portions are formed symmetrically with respect to a plane including the rotation center axis.
According to the sensor of the seventh aspect, both when the object to be measured is twisted in the first direction around the rotation center axis and when the object to be measured is twisted in the second direction opposite to the first direction, The torsion around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured can be accurately detected.

In the eighth aspect sensor according to the first or second aspect of the present disclosure, the predetermined pattern portion includes two pattern portions, and when the strain sensor is attached to the object to be measured, the two The pattern portions are spaced apart in a direction parallel to the rotation center axis.
According to the sensor of the eighth aspect, it is possible to detect torsion around the rotation center axis at different locations of the object to be measured in the direction parallel to the rotation center axis.

In the sensor of the ninth aspect according to the eighth aspect of the present disclosure, when viewed from a direction parallel to the rotation center axis with the strain sensor attached to the object to be measured, the two pattern portions are They are arranged so that at least a part of them overlaps.
According to the sensor of the ninth aspect, since the two pattern portions are arranged at substantially the same position in the circumferential direction around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured, the object to be measured is arranged in a direction parallel to the rotation center axis. It is possible to detect torsion around the rotation center axis at different locations and at approximately the same location on the object to be measured in the circumferential direction.

In the tenth aspect sensor according to the ninth aspect of the present disclosure, when viewed from a direction parallel to the rotation center axis with the strain sensor attached to the object to be measured, the two pattern portions are They are arranged so that they all overlap.
According to the sensor of the tenth aspect, since the two pattern portions are arranged at the same position in the circumferential direction around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured, the object to be measured is different in the direction parallel to the rotation center axis. It is possible to detect the twist around the rotation center axis at the same location of the object to be measured in the same location and in the circumferential direction.

In the sensor of the eleventh aspect according to any one of the eighth to tenth aspects of the present disclosure, the lengths of the two pattern portions are substantially equal in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured, and the rotation center axis In a direction parallel to the center, the lengths of the two pattern portions are substantially equal.
According to the sensor of the eleventh aspect, it is possible to suppress variations in detection accuracy of twist about the rotation center axis of the object to be measured due to the difference in length between the two pattern portions.

In the twelfth aspect sensor according to the eighth to eleventh aspects of the present disclosure, the two pattern portions are inclined with respect to the direction parallel to the rotation center axis and the circumferential direction of the object to be measured. The two pattern portions, each including an extending portion, are formed symmetrically with respect to a plane perpendicular to the rotation center axis.
According to the sensor of the twelfth aspect, both when the object to be measured is twisted in the first direction around the rotation center axis and when the object to be measured is twisted in the second direction opposite to the first direction, The torsion around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured can be accurately detected.

The sensor of the thirteenth aspect according to the first or second aspect of the present disclosure, wherein the predetermined pattern portion includes a first pattern portion, a second pattern portion, a third pattern portion and a fourth pattern portion, wherein the strain sensor In the state of being attached to the object to be measured, the first pattern portion is attached to the object to be measured in the circumferential direction and the direction with respect to the second pattern portion, the third pattern portion and the fourth pattern portion. The second pattern portion is spaced apart in at least one of the directions parallel to the central axis of rotation, and the second pattern portion is arranged to be measured with respect to the first pattern portion, the third pattern portion, and the fourth pattern portion. The third pattern portion is arranged at intervals in at least one of the circumferential direction of the object and the direction parallel to the rotation center axis, and the third pattern portion includes the first pattern portion, the second pattern portion and the fourth pattern portion. are spaced apart in at least one of the circumferential direction of the object to be measured and the direction parallel to the rotation center axis, and the fourth pattern portion includes the first pattern portion and the second pattern and the third pattern portion in at least one of the circumferential direction of the object to be measured and the direction parallel to the rotation center axis.
According to the sensor of the thirteenth aspect, the range in which the strain sensor detects torsion in the circumferential direction around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured is widened, and in the direction parallel to the rotation center axis, different parts of the object to be measured It is possible to detect the torsion around the rotation center axis in Therefore, it is possible to improve the detection accuracy of the torsion of the object to be measured about the rotation center axis.

In the fourteenth aspect of the sensor according to the thirteenth aspect of the present disclosure, in a state in which the strain sensor is attached to the object to be measured, the first pattern portion and the second pattern portion are arranged around the object to be measured. the third pattern portion and the fourth pattern portion are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured, and the first pattern portion and the third pattern portion are , are spaced apart in a direction parallel to the rotation center axis, and the second pattern portion and the fourth pattern portion are spaced apart in a direction parallel to the rotation center axis.
According to the sensor of the fourteenth aspect, the range in which the strain sensor detects torsion in the circumferential direction around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured is widened, and in the direction parallel to the rotation center axis, different parts of the object to be measured It is possible to detect the torsion around the rotation center axis in Therefore, it is possible to improve the detection accuracy of the torsion of the object to be measured about the rotation center axis.

In the sensor of the fifteenth aspect according to the fourteenth aspect of the present disclosure, in a state in which the strain sensor is attached to the object to be measured, the first pattern portion and the second pattern portion are perpendicular to the rotation center axis. The third pattern portion and the fourth pattern portion are arranged to intersect a second plane perpendicular to the rotation center axis.
According to the sensor of the fifteenth aspect, the first pattern portion and the second pattern portion are arranged at substantially the same location on the object to be measured in the direction parallel to the rotation center axis of the object to be measured, and the third pattern portion and the fourth pattern portion are arranged at approximately the same location on the object to be measured. Therefore, the torsion around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured at approximately the same location in the direction parallel to the rotation center axis can be widely detected in the circumferential direction around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured. Therefore, it is possible to improve the detection accuracy of the torsion of the object to be measured about the rotation center axis.

In the sensor of the sixteenth aspect according to the fourteenth or fifteenth aspect of the present disclosure, when viewed from a direction parallel to the rotation center axis with the strain sensor attached to the object to be measured, the first The pattern portion and the third pattern portion are arranged so as to at least partially overlap each other, and the second pattern portion and the fourth pattern portion are arranged so as to at least partially overlap each other.
According to the sixteenth side sensor, the first pattern portion and the third pattern portion are arranged at substantially the same position in the circumferential direction around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured, and the second pattern portion and the fourth pattern portion are arranged at the same position. placed in approximately the same place. Therefore, it is possible to detect the twist about the rotation center axis at different locations on the object to be measured in the direction parallel to the rotation center axis and at approximately the same location on the object to be measured in the circumferential direction.

In the sensor of the seventeenth aspect according to the sixteenth aspect of the present disclosure, with the strain sensor attached to the object to be measured, when viewed from a direction parallel to the rotation center axis, the first pattern portion and The third pattern portion is arranged so as to overlap entirely, and the second pattern portion and the fourth pattern portion are arranged so as to overlap entirely.
According to the sensor of the seventeenth aspect, in the circumferential direction around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured, the first pattern portion and the third pattern portion are arranged at the same location, and the second pattern portion and the fourth pattern portion are located at the same location. placed in place. Therefore, it is possible to detect the twist around the rotation center axis at different locations on the object to be measured in the direction parallel to the rotation center axis and at the same location on the measurement object in the circumferential direction.

In the eighteenth aspect sensor according to any one of the fourteenth to seventeenth aspects of the present disclosure, in a state in which the strain sensor is attached to the object to be measured, the first pattern portion and the second pattern portion , the third pattern portion and the fourth pattern portion extend over 180° or more in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured.
According to the sensor of the eighteenth aspect, the range in which the strain sensor detects twist in the circumferential direction around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured is widened. Therefore, it is possible to improve the detection accuracy of the torsion of the object to be measured about the rotation center axis.

In the nineteenth aspect sensor according to any one of the fourteenth to eighteenth aspects of the present disclosure, in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured, the first pattern portion, the second pattern portion, the third pattern portion and The lengths of the fourth pattern portions are substantially equal, and the lengths of the first pattern portion, the second pattern portion, the third pattern portion, and the fourth pattern portion in a direction parallel to the rotation center axis. are substantially equal.
According to the sensor of the nineteenth aspect, the torsion around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured due to the difference in the lengths of the first pattern portion, the second pattern portion, the third pattern portion, and the fourth pattern portion variation in detection accuracy can be suppressed.

The sensor of the twentieth aspect according to any one of the fourteenth to nineteenth aspects of the present disclosure, wherein the first pattern portion, the second pattern portion, the third pattern portion and the fourth pattern portion The first pattern portion and the second pattern portion each include a portion extending obliquely with respect to a direction parallel to the axis and the circumferential direction of the object to be measured, and the first pattern portion and the second pattern portion are planes including the rotation center axis. The third pattern portion and the fourth pattern portion are formed plane-symmetrically with respect to a plane including the rotation center axis, and the first pattern portion and the third pattern portion are formed plane-symmetrically with respect to the rotation center axis. It is formed symmetrically with respect to a plane perpendicular to the center axis, and the second pattern portion and the fourth pattern portion are formed symmetrically with respect to a plane perpendicular to the rotation center axis.
According to the sensor of the twentieth aspect, both when the object to be measured is twisted in the first direction around the rotation center axis and when the object to be measured is twisted in the second direction opposite to the first direction, The torsion around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured can be accurately detected.

In the sensor of the twenty-first aspect according to any one of the first to twentieth aspects of the present disclosure, the predetermined pattern forms at least part of a Wheatstone bridge circuit.
According to the sensor of the 21st aspect, when the object to be measured is twisted, the predetermined pattern portion changes the output voltage of the Wheatstone bridge circuit, so that twisting of the object to be measured about the rotation center axis can be detected.

In the sensor of the 22nd aspect according to the 21st aspect of the present disclosure, the strain sensor includes a first terminal, a second terminal, a third terminal and a Further includes a fourth terminal.
According to the sensor of the twenty-second aspect, when the object to be measured is twisted, the predetermined pattern portion changes the output voltage of the Wheatstone bridge circuit, so that twisting of the object to be measured about the rotation center axis can be detected.

In the sensor of the 23rd aspect according to the 22nd aspect of the present disclosure, the first terminal, the second terminal, the third terminal, and the fourth terminal are connected to ends of the electrical insulating member in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured. placed in each section.
According to the sensor of the twenty-third side, the first to fourth terminals can be preferably arranged closer to the end portion of the electrical insulating member than the predetermined pattern portion.

In the sensor of the twenty-fourth aspect according to any one of the first to twenty-third aspects of the present disclosure, the sensor further includes a temperature sensing portion.
According to the sensor of the twenty-fourth aspect, since the influence of the temperature of the strain sensor can be reflected, it is possible to further improve the detection accuracy of the torsion of the object to be measured about the rotation center axis.

In the sensor of the twenty-fifth aspect according to the twenty-fourth aspect of the present disclosure, the temperature detecting section is arranged at an end portion of the electrical insulating member in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured.
According to the sensor of the twenty-fifth aspect, the temperature detecting portion can be preferably arranged closer to the end portion of the electrical insulating member than the predetermined pattern portion.

In the sensor of the twenty-sixth aspect according to the first to twenty-fifth aspects of the present disclosure, the object to be measured includes a part of a manpowered vehicle.
According to the sensor of the twenty-sixth aspect, it is possible to suitably detect the twist of a portion of the manpowered vehicle.

In the sensor of the twenty-seventh aspect according to the first to twenty-sixth aspects of the present disclosure, the electrical insulating member is attached to the object to be measured by adhesion or formed directly on the object to be measured.
According to the sensor of the twenty-seventh aspect, the electrical insulating member can be suitably attached to the object to be measured, or the electrical insulating member can be suitably formed on the object to be measured.

A component according to a twenty-eighth aspect of the present disclosure includes a device under test and a strain sensor attached to the device under test, wherein a region of the device under test to which the strain sensor is attached is the strain sensor includes a recess formed so that the peripheral edge of the mounting surface facing the object to be measured does not come into direct contact with the object to be measured, and the recess contains an adhesive for adhering the object to be measured and the strain sensor be filled.
According to the component of the twenty-eighth aspect, it is possible to prevent the peripheral edge of the mounting surface of the strain sensor from peeling off from the object to be measured, thereby improving the durability of the sensor. Therefore, it is possible to suppress deterioration in the detection accuracy of the strain sensor due to the strain sensor being separated from the object to be measured.

In the component of the twenty-ninth aspect according to the twenty-eighth aspect of the present disclosure, the recess is formed all around the peripheral edge of the strain sensor.
According to the component of the twenty-ninth aspect, it is possible to further prevent the peripheral edge of the mounting surface of the strain sensor from coming off the object to be measured. Therefore, it is possible to further suppress deterioration in detection accuracy of the strain sensor due to the strain sensor being separated from the object to be measured.

In the thirtieth aspect of the component according to the twenty-eighth or twenty-ninth aspect of the present disclosure, in the object to be measured, an edge of the recess facing the strain sensor is formed by a curved surface.
According to the component of the thirtieth aspect, the curved surface increases the gap between the peripheral edge of the mounting surface of the strain sensor and the recess, so the thickness of the adhesive bonding the peripheral edge of the mounting surface increases. Therefore, since the peripheral edge of the mounting surface of the strain sensor is less likely to peel off from the object to be measured, it is possible to suppress deterioration in detection accuracy of the strain sensor.

According to the sensor and component of the present disclosure, it is possible to improve the detection accuracy of the distortion of the object to be measured.

1 is a side view of a human-powered vehicle including sensors of an embodiment; FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an example of a component of a manpowered vehicle; FIG. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the electrical configuration of components; FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 2; The top view of a sensor. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of an object to be measured and a sensor; FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a state in which a sensor is attached to an object to be measured; (a) is a cross-sectional view of part of an object to be measured and a sensor, and (b) is an enlarged view of part of (a). The top view of the sensor of a modification. The top view of the sensor of a modification. The top view of the sensor of a modification. The top view of the sensor of a modification. The top view of the sensor of a modification. The perspective view of a part of to-be-measured object of a modification. The perspective view of a part of to-be-measured object of a modification.

A manpowered vehicle 10 including a sensor 80 of the embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8. FIG. The manpowered vehicle 10 is a vehicle that can be driven at least by manpower. The manpowered vehicle 10 is not limited in the number of wheels and includes, for example, unicycles and vehicles with three or more wheels. The human powered vehicle 10 includes various types of bicycles, such as mountain bikes, road bikes, city bikes, cargo bikes, and recumbents. Bicycles include electric bicycles (E-bikes) powered by electric motors. Electric bicycles include electrically assisted bicycles whose propulsion is assisted by an electric motor. In the following embodiments, the manpowered vehicle 10 will be described as a bicycle having two wheels.

As shown in FIG. 1 , manpowered vehicle 10 includes crank 12 and drive wheels 14 . Manpowered vehicle 10 further includes a frame 16 . A human power driving force is input to the crank 12 . The crank 12 includes a crankshaft 12A rotatable with respect to the frame 16, and crank arms 12B provided at both ends in the axial direction of the crankshaft 12A. A pair of pedals 18 are individually connected to each crank arm 12B. Drive wheel 14 is driven by rotation of crank 12 . A drive wheel 14 is supported by a frame 16 . The crank 12 and drive wheel 14 are connected by a drive mechanism 20 . The drive mechanism 20 includes a first rotor 22 coupled to the crankshaft 12A. The first rotor 22 includes a sprocket, pulley, or bevel gear. The crankshaft 12A and the first rotating body 22 may be coupled so as to rotate integrally, or may be coupled via the first one-way clutch 46 . The first one-way clutch 46 rotates the first rotating body 22 in the first rotation direction when the crank 12 rotates in the first rotation direction, and rotates the crank 12 in the second rotation direction opposite to the first rotation direction. is configured not to rotate the first rotating body 22 in the second rotating direction when the first rotating body 22 rotates in the second rotating direction. The first one-way clutch 46 may be composed of any of a ratchet clutch, a roller clutch, and a sprag clutch. Drive mechanism 20 further includes a connecting member 24 and a second rotor 26 . The connecting member 24 transmits the rotational force of the first rotating body 22 to the second rotating body 26 . Coupling member 24 includes, for example, a chain, belt, or shaft. The first rotation direction is the rotation direction of the crankshaft 12A when the manpowered vehicle 10 is driven forward.

The second rotating body 26 is connected to the driving wheels 14 . The second rotating body 26 includes a sprocket, pulley, or bevel gear. A second one-way clutch is preferably provided between the second rotor 26 and the driving wheel 14 . The second one-way clutch rotates the driving wheel 14 in the third rotation direction when the second rotating body 26 rotates in the third rotating direction, and the second rotating body 26 rotates in the fourth rotating direction opposite to the third rotating direction. It is configured not to rotate the drive wheel 14 in the fourth rotation direction when it rotates in the rotation direction. The third rotation direction is the rotation direction of the second rotating body 26 when the manpowered vehicle 10 is moved forward. In this embodiment, the third rotation direction is the same direction as the first rotation direction.

Manpowered vehicle 10 includes front and rear wheels. A front wheel is attached to the frame 16 via a front fork 16A. A handlebar 10H is connected to the front fork 16A via a stem 16B. In the following embodiment, the driving wheels 14 are the rear wheels, but the driving wheels 14 may be the front wheels.

The human powered vehicle 10 further includes, for example, a battery 28 , components 30 and a human powered vehicle controller 70 . The manpowered vehicle control device 70 is hereinafter simply referred to as the control device 70 . One example of component 30 includes drive unit 30A. The drive unit 30A is provided on the frame 16. As shown in FIG.

Battery 28 includes one or more battery cells. A battery cell includes a rechargeable battery. The battery 28 is provided in the manpowered vehicle 10 and supplies power to other electrical components that are electrically connected to the battery 28 by wires. Other electrical components include drive unit 30A and controller 70, for example. The battery 28 may be attached to the outside of the frame 16 or may be housed at least partially inside the frame 16 .

As shown in FIG. 2, the drive unit 30A includes an electric motor 32 that assists the propulsion of the manpowered vehicle 10, an output section 34, a transmission body 33, and a speed reduction mechanism that reduces the rotational speed of the electric motor 32 in a plurality of stages. 36 , a clutch mechanism 38 and a housing 40 . The output portion 34 is connected to the crankshaft 12A via the transmission body 33 and the first one-way clutch 46. As shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the output portion 34 rotates in the first rotation direction when the crankshaft 12A rotates in the first rotation direction, and does not rotate when the crankshaft 12A rotates in the second rotation direction. The clutch mechanism 38 is provided between the output portion 34 and the reduction mechanism 36 and configured to transmit the torque of the electric motor 32 from the reduction mechanism 36 to the output portion 34 . The first one-way clutch 46 may be omitted, in which case the output portion 34 and the transmission body 33 are connected to each other so as to rotate together. When the first one-way clutch 46 is omitted, the output portion 34 and the transmission body 33 may be integrally formed.

The speed reduction mechanism 36 preferably includes a first gear 42 provided on the output shaft 32A of the electric motor 32 and a second gear 44 meshing with the first gear 42 . Preferably, the diameter of the first gear 42 is less than the diameter of the second gear 44 and the number of teeth of the first gear 42 is less than the number of teeth of the second gear 44 .

The output portion 34 is a hollow shaft, and is arranged around the crankshaft 12A so that the rotation center axis C1 of the crankshaft 12A and the rotation center axis of the output portion 34 are aligned. A first one-way clutch 46 is provided in the output section 34 . The output portion 34 includes a first end portion 34A and a second end portion 34B in the direction in which the rotation center axis C1 of the crankshaft 12A extends. The first end portion 34A protrudes from the housing 40 in a direction parallel to the rotation center axis C1. The first rotating body 22 in FIG. 1 is connected to the portion protruding from the housing 40 at the first end 34A. A second end 34B of the output portion 34 is housed in the housing 40 . The transmission body 33 is a hollow shaft, and is arranged around the crankshaft 12A so that the rotation center axis C1 of the crankshaft 12A and the rotation center axis of the output portion 34 are aligned. The transmission body 33 includes a first end portion 33A and a second end portion 33B in the direction in which the rotation center axis C1 of the crankshaft 12A extends. A first one-way clutch 46 is provided between the second end portion 34B of the output portion 34 and the first end portion 33A of the transmission body 33 . A second end portion 33B of the transmission body 33 is connected to the crankshaft 12A so as not to rotate relative to the crankshaft 12A about the rotation center axis C1 of the crankshaft 12A. When the crankshaft 12A rotates in the first rotation direction, the first one-way clutch 46 rotates the output portion 34 in the first rotation direction about the rotation center axis C1, and the crankshaft 12A rotates in the second rotation direction. In this case, the output portion 34 is configured not to rotate in the second rotation direction about the rotation center axis C1. One of the output part 34 and the transmission body 33 may be formed integrally with the inner ring of the first one-way clutch 46, and the other of the output part 34 and the transmission body 33 may be formed integrally with the inner ring of the first one-way clutch 46. may have been The output portion 34 is rotatably supported with respect to the housing 40 by a first bearing 48 provided inside the housing 40 . The first bearing 48 includes, for example, a rolling bearing.

The crankshaft 12A is supported by the output portion 34 via a second bearing 50 provided on the inner peripheral portion of the output portion 34 . The second bearing 50 includes, for example, a slide bearing. The crankshaft 12</b>A is rotatably supported with respect to the housing 40 by a third bearing 52 provided inside the housing 40 .

The electric motor 32 is provided to transmit rotation to the front wheels or to the transmission path of the human power drive from the pedals 18 of FIG. 1 to the rear wheels. An electric motor 32 is provided in at least one of the frame 16, the rear wheels, and the front wheels of the manpowered vehicle 10 of FIG. The electric motors 32 are provided on the frame 16 only, the rear wheels only, the front wheels only, or any combination of the frame 16, rear wheels and front wheels. In one example, electric motor 32 is coupled to a power transmission path from crankshaft 12A to first rotor 22 . The power transmission path between the electric motor 32 and the output section 34 preferably includes a second shaft so that the rotational force of the crank 12 does not rotate the electric motor 32 when the crankshaft 12A is rotated in the first rotational direction. A one-way clutch 58 is provided.

The electric motor 32 includes, for example, an inner rotor type motor. Electric motor 32 includes stator 32B and rotor 32C. Stator 32B includes a coil that generates a magnetic field when powered. Rotor 32C includes at least one of a magnetic material such as an electromagnetic steel plate and a permanent magnet. In this embodiment, the output shaft 32A is fixed to the rotor 32C. The output shaft 32A is rotatably supported with respect to the housing 40 by a fourth bearing 54 and a fifth bearing 56. As shown in FIG. Fourth bearing 54 and fifth bearing 56 each include, for example, a rolling bearing.

Clutch mechanism 38 preferably includes a second one-way clutch 58 . The second one-way clutch 58 may be composed of any of a roller clutch, a ratchet type one-way clutch, and a sprag type one-way clutch. The second one-way clutch 58 includes, for example, an inner ring body 58A, an outer ring body 58B, and a transmission body 58C provided between the inner ring body 58A and the outer ring body 58B. 58 C of transmission bodies contain a roller, a nail|claw, or a sprag, for example. The second one-way clutch 58 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the output portion 34 around the rotation center axis C1. An inner ring body 58A of the second one-way clutch 58 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the output portion 34. As shown in FIG. The inner ring body 58A of the second one-way clutch 58 may be formed integrally with the output portion 34 .

The speed reduction mechanism 36 preferably further includes a third gear 60 provided on the outer peripheral portion of the second one-way clutch 58 and a fourth gear 62 meshing with the third gear 60 . Preferably, the diameter of the third gear 60 is greater than the diameter of the fourth gear 62 and the number of teeth of the third gear 60 is greater than the number of teeth of the fourth gear 62 . The outer ring body 58B of the second one-way clutch 58 is provided on the inner peripheral portion of the third gear 60. As shown in FIG. The outer ring body 58B may be formed integrally with the third gear 60 .

The reduction mechanism 36 further includes a rotating shaft 64 on which the second gear 44 and the fourth gear 62 are provided. The second gear 44 and the fourth gear 62 are configured to rotate together. Preferably, the diameter of the second gear 44 is greater than the diameter of the fourth gear 62 and the number of teeth of the second gear 44 is greater than the number of teeth of the fourth gear 62 . The rotary shaft 64 is rotatably supported with respect to the housing 40 by a sixth bearing 66 and a seventh bearing 68 . The sixth bearing 66 and the seventh bearing 68 each include rolling bearings, for example. The reduction mechanism 36 reduces the rotational speed of the electric motor 32 in two steps, but may be configured to reduce the speed in three or more steps.

Drive unit 30A preferably further includes a circuit board 69 on which electronic components for controlling electric motor 32 are mounted. The control device 70 is provided on the circuit board 69 . Circuit board 69 includes a printed wiring board.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the control device 70 includes a control section 72 that controls the electric motor 32 and a drive circuit 74 that is controlled by the control section 72 and drives the electric motor 32 . The control unit 72 is communicably connected to the battery 28 and the drive circuit 74 by wire or wirelessly. Drive circuit 74 controls the supply of power from battery 28 to electric motor 32 . Drive circuit 74 includes an inverter circuit.

Control unit 72 includes an arithmetic processing unit that executes a control program. The arithmetic processing unit includes, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or an MPU (Micro Processing Unit). Control unit 72 may include one or more microcomputers. The control unit 72 may include a plurality of processing units that are spaced apart at a plurality of locations. Control device 70 further includes storage unit 76 . The storage unit 76 stores various control programs and information used for various control processes. The storage unit 76 includes, for example, nonvolatile memory and volatile memory.

The control unit 72 is configured to drive the electric motor 32 according to the human power driving force. The control unit 72 drives the electric motor 32 so that the assist force of the electric motor 32 has a predetermined ratio with respect to the manpower driving force. A plurality of predetermined ratios may be provided, and may be selected by, for example, an operation unit provided on a handle. The control unit 72 drives the electric motor 32 when the human power driving force reaches or exceeds a predetermined value. The predetermined value is, for example, a value of 5 Nm or more.

Manpowered vehicle 10 further includes sensor 80 . In one example, the drive unit 30A further includes a sensor 80, as shown in FIG. The sensor 80 is preferably provided in the transmission path of the manpower driving force between the crankshaft 12A and the portion 34C of the output portion 34 to which the clutch mechanism 38 is connected. Sensor 80 includes a torque sensor. A torque sensor is used to detect the torque of the manpower driving force. A first circuit board 90 is connected to the sensor 80 via a flexible printed wiring board 81 . The first circuit board 90 is attached to the transmission body 33 via a board holder 92 . In the accommodation space S of the housing 40, there is a second circuit board 94 that faces the first circuit board 90 in a direction parallel to the rotation center axis C1 and is arranged with a gap therebetween. be provided. The second circuit board 94 is attached to the housing 40 via, for example, a board holder 96, but may be attached directly to the housing 40 as well. The second circuit board 94 is electrically connected to the circuit board 69 by an electric cable, for example.

As shown in FIG. 5, the sensor 80 includes a strain sensor 82 attached to the object to be measured that rotates about the central axis of rotation and for detecting twist of the object to be measured about the central axis of rotation. The strain sensor 82 includes a flexible electrical insulating member 84 and a conductive film 86 provided on the electrical insulating member 84 and having a predetermined pattern portion 86X. The predetermined pattern portion 86X extends over 90° or more in the circumferential direction around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured when the strain sensor 82 is attached to the object to be measured. The object to be measured includes part of the manpowered vehicle 10 . In this embodiment, the object to be measured includes the transmitting body 33 of FIG. In the following description of the present embodiment, the transmission body 33 is indicated when the object to be measured is described. In this case, the rotation center axis of the object to be measured includes the rotation center axis C1. The strain sensor 82 is configured to detect twist of the transmission body 33 around the rotation center axis C1. The predetermined pattern portion 86X extends over 90° or more in the circumferential direction around the rotation center axis C1 of the transmission body 33 when the strain sensor 82 is attached to the output portion 34 . In the following description, the state in which the strain sensor 82 is attached to the object to be measured includes the state in which the strain sensor 82 is attached to the transmission body 33, and the circumferential direction of the object to be measured is the rotation center axis C1. Including circumferential direction around. In this embodiment, the strain sensor 82 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the transmission body 33, as shown in FIG. The strain sensor 82 is preferably 3/4 or more of the transmission body 33 in the circumferential direction around the rotation center axis C1, more preferably 7/8 or more of the transmission body 33 in the circumferential direction around the rotation center axis C1. More preferably, it is provided over a range of 9/10 or more of the transmission body 33 in the circumferential direction around the rotation center axis C1. In this embodiment, strain sensor 82 includes a strain gauge.

As shown in FIG. 5, the electrical insulating member 84 is formed in a sheet shape, for example. The electrical insulating member 84 is made of resin. A polyimide film, for example, is used as the electrical insulating member 84 . Electrically insulating member 84 has a longitudinal direction. With the strain sensor 82 attached to the object to be measured, the longitudinal direction of the electrical insulating member 84 is parallel to the circumferential direction of the object to be measured. The electrical insulation member 84 has a first end 84A and a second end 84B in the longitudinal direction.

The predetermined pattern portion 86X of the conductive film 86 is formed by vapor-depositing metal foil on the electrical insulating member 84, for example. Nickel, chromium, aluminum, gold, copper, and the like are used as materials for forming the metal foil. The conductive film 86 may be made of a semiconductor material such as silicon.

The strain sensor 82 further includes a cover film that covers the pattern portion 86X and sandwiches the pattern portion 86X with the electrical insulating member 84 . The cover film is made of resin. A polyimide film, for example, is used as the cover film. The cover film may be made of a resin material different from that of the electrical insulating member 84 .

In this embodiment, the predetermined pattern portion 86X includes a first pattern portion 86A, a second pattern portion 86B, a third pattern portion 86C and a fourth pattern portion 86D. In one example, in a state where the strain sensor 82 is attached to the object to be measured, the first pattern portion 86A is applied to the object to be measured with respect to the second pattern portion 86B, the third pattern portion 86C, and the fourth pattern portion 86D. They are spaced apart in at least one of the circumferential direction and the direction parallel to the rotation center axis C1. The second pattern portion 86B is separated from the first pattern portion 86A, the third pattern portion 86C, and the fourth pattern portion 86D in at least one of the circumferential direction of the object to be measured and the direction parallel to the rotation center axis C1. are placed apart. The third pattern portion 86C is separated from the first pattern portion 86A, the second pattern portion 86B, and the fourth pattern portion 86D in at least one of the circumferential direction of the object to be measured and the direction parallel to the rotation center axis C1. are placed apart. The fourth pattern portion 86D is separated from the first pattern portion 86A, the second pattern portion 86B, and the third pattern portion 86C in at least one of the circumferential direction of the object to be measured and the direction parallel to the rotation center axis C1. are placed apart. In this embodiment, the first pattern portion 86A and the second pattern portion 86B are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured. The third pattern portion 86C and the fourth pattern portion 86D are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured. The first pattern portion 86A and the third pattern portion 86C are spaced apart in a direction parallel to the rotation center axis C1. The second pattern portion 86B and the fourth pattern portion 86D are spaced apart in a direction parallel to the rotation center axis C1. With strain sensor 82 attached to the object to be measured, first pattern portion 86A and second pattern portion 86B are arranged to intersect first plane PL1 perpendicular to rotation center axis C1. The third pattern portion 86C and the fourth pattern portion 86D are arranged to intersect a second plane PL2 perpendicular to the rotation center axis C1. The first plane PL1 and the second plane PL2 are spaced apart in the direction along the rotation center axis C1. As shown in FIG. 5 , when the electrical insulating member 84 is unfolded, the first plane PL1 and the second plane PL2 are indicated by straight lines parallel to the longitudinal direction of the electrical insulating member 84 in plan view of the sensor 80 .

Preferably, the first pattern portion 86A and the third pattern portion 86C at least partially overlap when viewed from a direction parallel to the rotation center axis C1 with the strain sensor 82 attached to the object to be measured. , and the second pattern portion 86B and the fourth pattern portion 86D are arranged so as to at least partially overlap each other. In this embodiment, when viewed from a direction parallel to the rotation center axis C1 with the strain sensor 82 attached to the object to be measured, the first pattern portion 86A and the third pattern portion 86C entirely overlap. , and the second pattern portion 86B and the fourth pattern portion 86D are arranged so as to entirely overlap each other.

The first pattern portion 86A, the second pattern portion 86B, the third pattern portion 86C and the fourth pattern portion 86D each include a first end E1 and a second end E2. When the electrical insulating member 84 is laid out on a plane, the first end E1 of the first pattern portion 86A in the longitudinal direction of the electrical insulating member 84 is the end opposite to the second pattern portion 86B, The second end E2 of the first pattern portion 86A is the end on the second pattern portion 86B side. The first end E1 of the second pattern portion 86B is the end on the first pattern portion 86A side, and the second end E2 of the second pattern portion 86B is the end on the side opposite to the first pattern portion 86A side. Department. The first end E1 of the third pattern portion 86C is the end opposite to the fourth pattern portion 86D side, and the second end E2 of the third pattern portion 86C is the end on the fourth pattern portion 86D side. Department. The first end E1 of the fourth pattern portion 86D is the end on the third pattern portion 86C side, and the second end E2 of the fourth pattern portion 86D is the end on the opposite side to the third pattern portion 86C. Department.

Preferably, the first pattern portion 86A, the second pattern portion 86B, the third pattern portion 86C, and the fourth pattern portion 86D are arranged in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured, respectively, when the strain sensor 82 is attached to the object to be measured. extends over 90° or more. That the first pattern portion 86A extends over 90° or more in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured means that when the strain sensor 82 is attached to the object to be measured, the first end portion E1 of the first pattern portion 86A and the The first pattern portion 86A is formed so that the angle between the second end portion E2 and the rotation center axis C1 is 90° or more. The second pattern portion 86B, the third pattern portion 86C, and the fourth pattern portion 86D are defined similarly to the first pattern portion 86A. In the present embodiment, the first pattern portion 86A, the second pattern portion 86B, the third pattern portion 86C, and the fourth pattern portion 86D each extend approximately in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured while attached to the object to be measured. It extends over 150°.

Preferably, when the strain sensor 82 is attached to the object to be measured, the first pattern portion 86A and the second pattern portion 86B, and the third pattern portion 86C and the fourth pattern portion 86D are arranged around the object to be measured. extends over 180° in any direction. That the first pattern portion 86A and the second pattern portion 86B extend over 180° or more in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured means that the first end portion E1 and the second end portion E2 of the first pattern portion 86A and the rotation center axis The first pattern portion is arranged so that the sum of the angle formed with the center C1 and the angle formed between the first end portion E1 and the second end portion E2 of the second pattern portion 86B and the rotation center axis C1 is 180° or more. 86A and the second pattern portion 86B are formed. The third pattern portion 86C and the fourth pattern portion 86D are defined similarly to the first pattern portion 86A and the second pattern portion 86B. More preferably, when the strain sensor 82 is attached to the object to be measured, the first pattern portion 86A and the second pattern portion 86B, and the third pattern portion 86C and the fourth pattern portion 86D are connected to the object to be measured. It extends over 270° or more in the circumferential direction. In this embodiment, when the strain sensor 82 is attached to the object to be measured, the first pattern portion 86A and the second pattern portion 86B, the third pattern portion 86C and the fourth pattern portion 86D are connected to the object to be measured. extends over about 300° in the circumferential direction of the .

When the electrical insulating member 84 is laid out on a plane, the first pattern portion 86A and the second pattern portion 86B are arranged so as to at least partially overlap when viewed from the longitudinal direction of the electrical insulating member 84, and the third pattern portion 86C and the fourth pattern portion 86D are arranged so as to at least partially overlap. When the electrical insulating member 84 is laid out on a plane, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. They are arranged so as to overlap, and the third pattern portion 86C and the fourth pattern portion 86D are arranged so as to entirely overlap.

In the state where the strain sensor 82 is attached to the object to be measured, the predetermined pattern portion 86X includes portions extending obliquely with respect to the direction parallel to the rotation center axis C1 and the circumferential direction of the object to be measured. . In this embodiment, the first pattern portion 86A, the second pattern portion 86B, the third pattern portion 86C, and the fourth pattern portion 86D are arranged in parallel to the rotation center axis C1 and in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured. each including a portion that extends obliquely along the The first pattern portion 86A and the second pattern portion 86B are formed symmetrically with respect to the plane PLA including the rotation center axis C1, and the third pattern portion 86C and the fourth pattern portion 86D are formed on the plane including the rotation center axis C1. It is formed symmetrically with respect to the PLA. The first pattern portion 86A and the third pattern portion 86C are formed plane-symmetrically with respect to a plane PLB perpendicular to the rotation center axis C1, and the second pattern portion 86B and the fourth pattern portion 86D are formed on the rotation center axis C1. are formed symmetrically with respect to a plane PLB perpendicular to the . In FIG. 5, the plane PLB is between the first pattern portion 86A and the third pattern portion 86C and between the second pattern portion 86B and the fourth pattern portion 86D in the direction parallel to the rotation center axis C1. placed in In FIG. 5, plane PLB extends along the length of electrical insulating member 84 .

Each of the first pattern portion 86A, the second pattern portion 86B, the third pattern portion 86C and the fourth pattern portion 86D includes a plurality of first portions 86P and a plurality of second portions 86Q. With the strain sensor 82 attached to the object to be measured, the first portion 86P extends obliquely with respect to the direction parallel to the rotation center axis C1 and the circumferential direction of the object to be measured. In this embodiment, the first portion 86P preferably extends at an angle of 45° with respect to the direction parallel to the rotation center axis C1 and the circumferential direction of the object to be measured. The second portions 86Q are provided at both ends of the first portion 86P in the extending direction of the first portion 86P. The second portion 86Q extends along the circumferential direction of the object to be measured while the strain sensor 82 is attached to the object to be measured. The second portion 86Q connects the circumferentially adjacent first portions 86P of the object to be measured while the strain sensor 82 is attached to the object to be measured.

Preferably, the lengths of the first pattern portion 86A, the second pattern portion 86B, the third pattern portion 86C, and the fourth pattern portion 86D are substantially equal in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured, and are parallel to the rotation center axis C1. , the lengths of the first pattern portion 86A, the second pattern portion 86B, the third pattern portion 86C and the fourth pattern portion 86D are substantially equal. In one example, the total length of all the first portions 86P and the second portions 86Q in the first pattern portion 86A, the total length of all the first portions 86P and the second portions 86Q in the second pattern portion 86B, the The total length of all first portions 86P and second portions 86Q in the three pattern portion 86C and the total length of all first portions 86P and second portions 86Q in the fourth pattern portion 86D are substantially equal.

As shown in FIG. 3, the predetermined pattern portion 86X constitutes at least part of the Wheatstone bridge circuit 87. As shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the wiring resistance of the first pattern portion 86A includes the first resistor R1 of the Wheatstone bridge circuit 87. As shown in FIG. The wiring resistance of the second pattern portion 86B includes the second resistor R2 of the Wheatstone bridge circuit 87. FIG. The wiring resistance of the third pattern portion 86</b>C includes the third resistor R<b>3 of the Wheatstone bridge circuit 87 . The wiring resistance of the fourth pattern portion 86</b>D includes the fourth resistor R<b>4 of the Wheatstone bridge circuit 87 .

As shown in FIG. 5, the electrical insulating member 84 includes first to sixth wirings 85A electrically connecting the first pattern portion 86A, the second pattern portion 86B, the third pattern portion 86C and the fourth pattern portion 86D. Including ~85F. In this embodiment, the length of the first wiring 85A, the length of the second wiring 85B, the length of the fourth wiring 85D, and the length of the fifth wiring 85E are equal. The length of the third wiring 85C and the length of the sixth wiring 85F are equal.

The strain sensor 82 is provided on the electrical insulating member 84 and further includes a first terminal 87A, a second terminal 87B, a third terminal 87C and a fourth terminal 87D that constitute the four terminals of the Wheatstone bridge circuit 87. FIG. In this embodiment, the first terminal 87A and the third terminal 87C comprise input terminals, and the second terminal 87B and the fourth terminal 87D comprise output terminals. The first terminal 87A, the second terminal 87B, the third terminal 87C, and the fourth terminal 87D are formed, for example, by vapor-depositing metal foil on the electrical insulating member 84, similarly to the predetermined pattern portion 86X.

The first terminal 87A is electrically connected to the first end E1 of the first pattern portion 86A via the first wiring 85A, and is electrically connected to the first end E1 of the third pattern portion 86C via the second wiring 85B. are electrically connected. The first wiring 85A is connected to the first end E1 of the first pattern portion 86A and the first terminal 87A. The second wiring 85B is connected to the first end E1 of the third pattern portion 86C and the first terminal 87A. The first wiring 85A and the second wiring 85B are formed, for example, by vapor-depositing metal foil on the electrical insulating member 84, similarly to the predetermined pattern portion 86X.

The second terminal 87B is electrically connected to the second end E2 of the first pattern portion 86A and the first end E1 of the second pattern portion 86B via the third wiring 85C. The third wiring 85C has a first portion 85P that electrically connects the second end E2 of the first pattern portion 86A and the first end E1 of the second pattern portion 86B, and branches off from the first portion 85P. and a second portion 85Q extending toward the second terminal 87B. The second portion 85Q is arranged between the first pattern portion 86A and the third pattern portion 86C in the direction parallel to the rotation center axis C1. The third wiring 85C is formed, for example, by vapor-depositing metal foil on the electrical insulating member 84, similarly to the predetermined pattern portion 86X.

The third terminal 87C is electrically connected to the second end E2 of the second pattern portion 86B via the fourth wiring 85D, and is electrically connected to the second end E2 of the fourth pattern portion 86D via the fifth wiring 85E. are electrically connected. The fourth wiring 85D electrically connects the second end E2 of the second pattern portion 86B and the third terminal 87C. The fifth wiring 85E electrically connects the second end E2 of the fourth pattern portion 86D and the third terminal 87C. The fourth wiring 85D and the fifth wiring 85E are formed, for example, by vapor-depositing metal foil on the electrical insulating member 84, similarly to the predetermined pattern portion 86X.

The fourth terminal 87D is electrically connected to the second end E2 of the third pattern portion 86C and the first end E1 of the fourth pattern portion 86D via the sixth wiring 85F. The sixth wiring 85F has a first portion 85R electrically connecting the second end portion E2 of the third pattern portion 86C and the first end portion E1 of the fourth pattern portion 86D, and branched from the first portion 85R. and a second portion 85S extending toward the fourth terminal 87D. The second portion 85S is arranged between the second pattern portion 86B and the fourth pattern portion 86D in the direction parallel to the rotation center axis C1. The sixth wiring 85F is formed, for example, by vapor-depositing metal foil on the electrical insulating member 84, similarly to the predetermined pattern portion 86X.

Preferably, the first terminal 87A, the second terminal 87B, the third terminal 87C and the fourth terminal 87D are arranged at the ends of the electrical insulating member 84 in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured. In one example, the first terminal 87A, the second terminal 87B, the third terminal 87C, and the fourth terminal 87D are arranged at both ends of the electrical insulating member 84 in the longitudinal direction. More specifically, first terminal 87A and second terminal 87B are located at first end 84A of electrical insulating member 84, and third terminal 87C and fourth terminal 87D are located at the second end of electrical insulating member 84. 84B. In one example, the first terminal 87A and the second terminal 87B are arranged so as to overlap each other when viewed from the longitudinal direction of the electrical insulating member 84 . In one example, the second terminal 87B is arranged closer to the first pattern portion 86A and the third pattern portion 86C than the first terminal 87A. In one example, the third terminal 87C and the fourth terminal 87D are arranged so as to overlap each other when viewed from the longitudinal direction of the electrical insulating member 84 . In one example, the fourth terminal 87D is arranged closer to the second pattern portion 86B and the fourth pattern portion 86D than the third terminal 87C.

Preferably, sensor 80 further includes a temperature detector 88 . The temperature detector 88 includes, for example, a thermistor or a temperature sensitive diode. The temperature detection part 88 is arranged at the end of the electrical insulating member 84 in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured. In this embodiment, the temperature sensing portion 88 is arranged at the first end portion 84A of the electrical insulating member 84 . The temperature detecting portion 88 is arranged closer to the edge of the first end portion 84A of the electrical insulating member 84 than the first terminal 87A and the second terminal 87B. In this case, the first terminal 87A and the second terminal 87B are arranged between the temperature detecting portion 88 and the first pattern portion 86A and the third pattern portion 86C in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured.

Sensor 80 further includes a fifth terminal 87E and a sixth terminal 87F provided on electrical insulating member 84 . The fifth terminal 87E and the sixth terminal 87F are electrically connected to the temperature detector 88. As shown in FIG. In one example, the fifth terminal 87</b>E and the sixth terminal 87</b>F and the temperature detecting section 88 are connected by a wiring pattern provided on the electrical insulating member 84 . The wiring pattern is formed, for example, by vapor-depositing metal foil on the electrical insulating member 84, similarly to the predetermined pattern portion 86X. In one example, the temperature detecting portion 88, the fifth terminal 87E and the sixth terminal 87F are arranged so as to overlap each other when viewed from the direction along the rotation center axis C1. In one example, when viewed from the longitudinal direction of the electrical insulating member 84, the fifth terminal 87E and the sixth terminal 87F are arranged so as to overlap each other. The fifth terminal 87E and the sixth terminal 87F are formed by vapor-depositing metal foil on the electrical insulating member 84, for example, like the predetermined pattern portion 86X.

When the electrical insulating member 84 extends substantially around the entire circumference of the object to be measured, the first end 84A and the second end 84B of the electrical insulating member 84 are adjacent in the circumferential direction around the rotation center axis C1 of the object to be measured. . Therefore, the first to fourth terminals 87A to 87D are arranged close to each other. Furthermore, the temperature detecting portion 88, fifth terminal 87E and sixth terminal 87F are arranged near the first to fourth terminals 87A to 87D. Therefore, for example, one sheet of flexible circuit board can be used to electrically connect the first to sixth terminals 87A to 87F and the first circuit board 90 of FIG. The circuit board 90 can be easily electrically connected.

Next, circuit configurations of the sensor 80, the first circuit board 90 and the second circuit board 94 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 3, the first circuit board 90 includes a first signal processing circuit 90A that processes signals output from the sensor 80, and a first antenna section 90B that is connected to the first signal processing circuit 90A. is provided. The first signal processing circuit 90A includes, for example, an operational amplifier 91A, an ADC (analog to digital converter) 91B, an ADC 91C, an arithmetic circuit 91D, a modulation circuit 91E and a power supply circuit 91F.

The operational amplifier 91A is electrically connected to the second terminal 87B and the fourth terminal 87D of the strain sensor 82, and amplifies and outputs a signal corresponding to the potential difference between the second terminal 87B and the fourth terminal 87D of the strain sensor 82. .

The ADC 91B is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier 91A, converts the signal from the operational amplifier 91A into a digital signal, and outputs the digital signal.
ADC 91C is electrically connected to temperature detector 88 . In one example, ADC 91C is electrically connected to fifth terminal 87E and sixth terminal 87F in FIG. The ADC 91C converts a signal corresponding to the detection result of the temperature detection section 88 into a digital signal and outputs the digital signal.

Arithmetic circuit 91D is electrically connected to ADCs 91B and 91C, and calculates the twist amount of the object under test according to the digital signal from ADC 91B and the digital signal from ADC 91C. In one example, the arithmetic circuit 91D corrects the potential difference between the second terminal 87B and the fourth terminal 87D according to the detection result of the temperature detection unit 88, and then corrects the potential difference between the second terminal 87B and the fourth terminal 87D. The torsion amount of the object to be measured is calculated according to .

The modulation circuit 91E is electrically connected to the arithmetic circuit 91D. The modulation circuit 91E changes at least one of the amplitude and frequency of the signal wave of the calculation result of the calculation circuit 91D so as to superimpose the calculation result of the calculation circuit 91D on the carrier wave, and outputs the signal wave to the first antenna section 90B.

The power supply circuit 91F is electrically connected to the modulation circuit 91E and the first antenna section 90B. The power supply circuit 91</b>F converts AC power supplied from the first antenna section 90</b>B into DC power and outputs the DC power to the strain sensor 82 . In one example, the power supply circuit 91F is electrically connected to the first terminal 87A and the third terminal 87C.

The first antenna section 90B includes a secondary coil 91G. The first antenna section 90B further includes, for example, an oscillation circuit for generating carrier waves. One example of an oscillator circuit includes an LC resonant circuit.

The second circuit board 94 is provided with a second antenna section 94B facing the first antenna section 90B. The second circuit board 94 is provided with a second signal processing circuit 94A that processes signals received by the second antenna section 94B. The second circuit board 94 is electrically connected to the circuit board 69 via at least one of an electric cable and a connector, for example. The second circuit board 94 may be formed integrally with the circuit board 69 , and the second signal processing circuit 94</b>A may be mounted on the circuit board 69 .

The second antenna section 94B includes a primary coil 95A. The second antenna section 94B further includes, for example, an oscillator circuit for generating carrier waves. One example of an oscillator circuit includes an LC resonant circuit.

The second signal processing circuit 94A includes a modulation circuit 95B. The modulation circuit 95B is electrically connected to the control section 72 . The modulation circuit 95B demodulates the modulated wave transmitted from the secondary coil 91G to the primary coil 95A and outputs it to the control unit 72, or converts the DC power supplied from the battery 28 through the circuit board 69 into AC power. It is converted and applied to the primary side coil 95A.

The output of the sensor 80 is wirelessly transmitted to the second antenna section 94B via the first antenna section 90B. The control unit 72 acquires the human power driving force according to the twist amount detected by the sensor 80 . In one example, the storage unit 76 stores a calculation table or a function that indicates the correspondence relationship between the twist amount of the output unit 34 and the human power driving force. The control unit 72 acquires the human-powered driving force from the twist amount of the output unit 34 using a calculation table or function stored in the storage unit 76 . The control unit 72 controls the electric motor 32 according to the acquired human power driving force.

Next, a mounting structure for mounting the sensor 80 on the transmission body 33, which is the object to be measured, will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8. FIG. 6 and 7, the strain sensor 82, the first to sixth terminals 87A to 87F, the temperature detection portion 88, and the pattern portion 86X are omitted, and the third gear 60 is omitted for convenience.

Component 30 includes a device under test and a strain sensor 82 attached to the device under test. A region of the object to be measured where the strain sensor 82 is attached includes a recess 35 formed so that the peripheral edge of the mounting surface 84C of the strain sensor 82 facing the object to be measured does not come into direct contact with the object to be measured. As shown in FIG. 8, the concave portion 35 is filled with an adhesive SD that bonds the object to be measured and the strain sensor 82 . In this embodiment, the recess 35 is formed in the output portion 34 .

The electrical insulating member 84 is attached to the object to be measured by adhesion. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the electrical insulation member 84 is attached to the output section 34 by gluing.
As shown in FIG. 6 , the recess 35 is formed along the entire periphery of the strain sensor 82 . In this embodiment, the perimeter of strain sensor 82 includes the perimeter of electrical insulating member 84 . In one example, the concave portion 35 is formed over the entire circumference of the output portion 34 . In this embodiment, the recess 35 includes a pair of first recesses 35A extending in the circumferential direction around the rotation center axis C1 of the output portion 34, and a pair of first recesses 35A parallel to the rotation center axis C1 so as to connect the pair of first recesses 35A. and a second recess 35B extending in the direction.

As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, preferably, in the object to be measured, the edge of the concave portion 35 facing the strain sensor 82 is formed by a curved surface 35X. In this embodiment, the edge of the entire periphery of the recess 35 facing the strain sensor 82 is formed by the curved surface 35X. The curved surface 35X faces the peripheral edge of the mounting surface 84C of the strain sensor 82 when the strain sensor 82 is attached to the object to be measured. As shown in FIGS. 8(a) and 8(b), in the present embodiment, the recess 35 has a curved bottom surface and an edge that does not face the strain sensor 82 . The shape of the recess 35 can be changed arbitrarily. The shape of the recess 35 may be any shape as long as the peripheral edge of the electrical insulating member 84 does not come into contact with the object to be measured.

The adhesive SD is applied between the object to be measured and the strain sensor 82 and between the recess 35 . The thickness of the adhesive SD on the outer surface of the portion 34</b>R surrounded by the recess 35 is thinner than the thickness of the adhesive SD that fills the recess 35 . The adhesive SD filling the recess 35 contacts the peripheral edge of the mounting surface 84C of the strain sensor 82 . The adhesive SD may also be provided on the peripheral edge of the strain sensor 82 on the surface opposite to the mounting surface 84C.

(Modification)
The description of the embodiments is illustrative of the forms that sensors and components according to the present disclosure may take and is not intended to be limiting of such forms. Possible forms for sensors and components according to the present disclosure include, for example, variations of the embodiments shown below. Possible forms for sensors and components in accordance with the present disclosure include combinations of at least two non-contradictory variants. In the following modified examples, the same reference numerals as in the embodiment are given to the parts that are common to the embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.

- In the embodiment, the configuration of the wiring connecting the first pattern portion 86A, the second pattern portion 86B, the third pattern portion 86C and the fourth pattern portion 86D and the arrangement configuration of the first to fourth terminals 87A to 87D are respectively It can be changed arbitrarily. In one example, the wiring configuration and the arrangement configuration of the first to fourth terminals 87A to 87D may be changed as shown in FIG. 9 or FIG.

As shown in FIG. 9, the first to fourth terminals 87A to 87D are arranged in the center of the electrical insulating member 84 in the longitudinal direction. The strain sensor 82 includes first to fourth wirings 85G-85J. The first wiring 85G is electrically connected to the first end E1 of the first pattern portion 86A, the first end E1 of the third pattern portion 86C, and the first terminal 87A. The second wiring 85H is electrically connected to the second end E2 of the second pattern portion 86B, the second end E2 of the fourth pattern portion 86D, and the second terminal 87B. The third wiring 85I is electrically connected to the second end E2 of the third pattern portion 86C, the first end E1 of the fourth pattern portion 86D, and the third terminal 87C. The third wiring 85I has a portion extending in a direction parallel to the rotation center axis C1. The fourth wiring 85J is electrically connected to the second end E2 of the first pattern portion 86A, the first end E1 of the second pattern portion 86B, and the fourth terminal 87D. The fourth wiring 85J extends so as to bypass the second pattern portion 86B and the fourth pattern portion 86D. In the strain sensor 82 shown in FIG. 9, the first terminal 87A and the second terminal 87B constitute the input terminals of the Wheatstone bridge circuit 87 of FIG. Configure terminals.

As shown in FIG. 10, the first to fourth terminals 87A to 87D are arranged in the center of the electrical insulating member 84 in the longitudinal direction. The strain sensor 82 includes first to fourth wirings 85K-85N. The first wiring 85K is electrically connected to the first end E1 of the first pattern portion 86A, the second end E2 of the second pattern portion 86B, and the first terminal 87A. The second wiring 85L is electrically connected to the second end E2 of the first pattern portion 86A, the second end E2 of the third pattern portion 86C, and the second terminal 87B. The third wiring 85M is electrically connected to the first end E1 of the second pattern portion 86B, the first end E1 of the fourth pattern portion 86D, and the third terminal 87C. The fourth wiring 85N is electrically connected to the first end E1 of the third pattern portion 86C, the second end E2 of the fourth pattern portion 86D, and the fourth terminal 87D. The fourth wiring 85N extends so as to bypass the first pattern portion 86A, the second pattern portion 86B, and the fourth pattern portion 86D. In the strain sensor 82 shown in FIG. 10, the first terminal 87A and the fourth terminal 87D constitute the input terminals of the Wheatstone bridge circuit 87 of FIG. Configure terminals.

- The strain sensor 82 of the modified example shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 may further include a temperature detector 88, a fifth terminal 87E and a sixth terminal 87F. In this case, the temperature detecting portion 88, the fifth terminal 87E and the sixth terminal 87F are provided at locations adjacent to the first to fourth terminals 87A to 87D in the longitudinal direction of the electrical insulating member 84, for example.

- In the embodiment, the configuration of the predetermined pattern portion 86X can be arbitrarily changed. In one example, the predetermined pattern portion 86X may be changed as shown in FIGS. 11-13.
As shown in FIG. 11, the predetermined pattern portion 86X includes one pattern portion. In this case, the predetermined pattern portion 86X extends over 90° or more in the circumferential direction around the rotation center axis C1 of the object to be measured while the strain sensor 82 is attached to the object to be measured. The strain sensor 82 includes a first terminal 87X and a second terminal 87Y. The first terminal 87X is electrically connected to the first end E1 of the pattern portion 86X, and the second terminal 87Y is electrically connected to the second end E2 of the pattern portion 86X. The predetermined pattern portion 86X has the same shape as the first pattern portion 86A.

As shown in FIG. 12, the predetermined pattern portion 86X includes two pattern portions 86A and 86B. They are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured. Preferably, the two pattern portions 86A and 86B are arranged to intersect a first plane PL1 perpendicular to the rotation center axis C1 when the strain sensor 82 is attached to the object to be measured. Preferably, the two pattern portions 86A and 86B extend over 180° or more in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured while the strain sensor 82 is attached to the object to be measured. Preferably, the lengths of the two pattern portions 86A and 86B are substantially equal in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured, and the lengths of the two pattern portions 86A and 86B are substantially equal in the direction parallel to the rotation center axis C1. be equivalent to. Preferably, the two pattern portions 86A and 86B each include a portion extending obliquely with respect to the direction parallel to the rotation center axis C1 and the circumferential direction of the object to be measured, and the two pattern portions 86A and 86B , are formed symmetrically with respect to a plane PLA including the rotation center axis C1. The pattern portion 86A has the same shape as the first pattern portion 86A. The pattern portion 86B has the same shape as the second pattern portion 86B.

The strain sensor 82 shown in FIG. 12 includes a first terminal 87X, a second terminal 87Y, and a third terminal 87Z. The first terminal 87X and the third terminal 87Z are arranged at the first end 84A of the electrical insulating member 84, and the second terminal 87Y is arranged at the second end 84B of the electrical insulating member 84. As shown in FIG. The electrical insulating member 84 is provided with a first wiring 85X, a second wiring 85Y, and a third wiring 85Z. The first wiring 85X connects the first end E1 of the pattern portion 86A and the first terminal 87X. The second wiring 85Y connects the second end E2 of the pattern portion 86B and the second terminal 87Y. The third wiring 85Z is the same as the third wiring 85C of the embodiment , and connects the second end E2 of the pattern portion 86A, the first end E1 of the pattern portion 86B, and the third terminal 87Z.

As shown in FIG. 13, the predetermined pattern portion 86X includes two pattern portions 86B and 86D, and the two pattern portions 86B and 86D rotate while the strain sensor 82 is attached to the object to be measured. They are spaced apart in a direction parallel to the central axis C1. Preferably, the two pattern portions 86B and 86D are arranged so that at least a portion thereof overlaps when viewed from a direction parallel to the rotation center axis C1 with the strain sensor 82 attached to the object to be measured. . In FIG. 13, the two pattern portions 86B and 86D are arranged so as to completely overlap when viewed from a direction parallel to the rotation center axis C1 with the strain sensor 82 attached to the object to be measured. Preferably, the lengths of the two pattern portions 86B and 86D are substantially equal in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured, and the lengths of the two pattern portions 86B and 86D in the direction parallel to the rotation center axis C1 are substantially equal. Preferably, the two pattern portions 86B and 86D each include a portion extending obliquely with respect to the direction parallel to the rotation center axis C1 and the circumferential direction of the object to be measured, and the two pattern portions 86B and 86D , are formed symmetrically with respect to a plane PLB perpendicular to the rotation center axis C1. The plane PLB is arranged between the two pattern portions 86A and 86C in the direction parallel to the rotation center axis C1 in FIG. In FIG. 13, plane PLB extends along the longitudinal direction of electrical insulating member 84 . For example, instead of the strain sensor 82 shown in FIG. 5, two strain sensors 82 shown in FIG. 12 may be arranged side by side in the axial direction of the object to be measured and electrically connected to form a bridge circuit. The pattern portion 86B has the same shape as the second pattern portion 86B. The pattern portion 86D has the same shape as the fourth pattern portion 86D.

The strain sensor 82 shown in FIG. 13 includes a first terminal 87X, a second terminal 87Y, and a third terminal 87Z. The first terminal 87X is arranged at the first end 84A of the electrical insulating member 84, and the second terminal 87Y and the third terminal 87Z are arranged at the second end 84B of the electrical insulating member 84. As shown in FIG. The electrical insulating member 84 is provided with a first wiring 85X, a second wiring 85Y, and a third wiring 85Z. The first wiring 85X connects the first end E1 of the pattern portion 86B, the first end E1 of the pattern portion 86D, and the first terminal 87X. The second wiring 85Y connects the second end E2 of the pattern portion 86B and the second terminal 87Y. The third wiring 85Z connects the second end E2 of the pattern portion 86D and the third terminal 87Z. For example, instead of the strain sensor 82 shown in FIG. 5, two strain sensors 82 shown in FIG. 13 may be arranged side by side in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured and electrically connected to form a bridge circuit.

- The strain sensor 82 of the modification of FIGS. 11 to 13 may further include a temperature detector 88. In this case, the strain sensor 82 preferably further includes a fifth terminal 87E and a sixth terminal 87F.

- In the embodiment and modifications, the arrangement configuration of the first pattern portion 86A, the second pattern portion 86B, the third pattern portion 86C, and the fourth pattern portion 86D in the electrical insulating member 84 can be arbitrarily changed. In the first example, the first pattern portion 86A, the second pattern portion 86B, the third pattern portion 86C, and the fourth pattern portion 86D are in a state where the strain sensor 82 is attached to the object to be measured. They may be arranged in a row at intervals in the circumferential direction around the rotation center axis C1. In the second example, the first pattern portion 86A, the second pattern portion 86B, the third pattern portion 86C, and the fourth pattern portion 86D are aligned with the rotation center axis while the strain sensor 82 is attached to the object to be measured. They may be spaced apart in a direction parallel to C1. In this case, for example, when viewed from a direction parallel to the rotation center axis C1, the first pattern portion 86A, the second pattern portion 86B, the third pattern portion 86C, and the fourth pattern portion 86D are at least partially overlapped. placed. In other words, when viewed from a direction parallel to the rotation center axis C1, at least a portion of one of the first pattern portion 86A, the second pattern portion 86B, the third pattern portion 86C, and the fourth pattern portion 86D is It is arranged to overlap one, two, or three of the first pattern portion 86A, the second pattern portion 86B, the third pattern portion 86C, and the fourth pattern portion 86D.

- In the embodiment and modifications, the temperature detection unit 88 may be omitted from the strain sensor 82 . In this case, the strain sensor 82 may omit the fifth terminal 87E and the sixth terminal 87F.

- In the embodiment and modifications, the shape of the predetermined pattern portion 86X can be arbitrarily changed. In one example, the predetermined pattern portion 86X is not inclined with respect to the direction parallel to the rotation center axis C1 and the circumferential direction of the object to be measured when the strain sensor 82 is attached to the object to be measured. It can also be shaped. The intervals between the plurality of first portions 86P in the predetermined pattern portion 86X in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured and the length of the first portions 86P can be arbitrarily changed.

- In embodiment and a modification, the shape of the recessed part 35 can be changed arbitrarily. In one example, as shown in FIG. 14, a plurality of recesses 35 may be formed at intervals in the circumferential direction around the rotation center axis C1 of the object to be measured.

- In the embodiment and modifications, the shape of the concave portion 35 can be arbitrarily changed according to the shape of the peripheral edge of the strain sensor 82 . In one example, FIG. 15 shows a strain sensor in which the predetermined pattern portion 86X extends over approximately 90° in the circumferential direction around the rotation center axis C1 of the object to be measured in a state where the strain sensor 82 is attached to the object to be measured. 82 is shown attached to output 34 .

- In the embodiment and modifications, the strain sensor provided on the object to be measured in which the concave portion 35 is formed is not limited to the strain sensor 82, which is an example of the metal strain gauge of the embodiment. For example, semiconductor strain gauges may be used as strain sensors instead of metal strain gauges. A semiconductor strain gauge is provided, for example, on one surface of a metal plate, and the other surface of the metal plate is adhered to an object to be measured.

- In the embodiments and modifications, the electrical insulating member 84 may be formed directly on the object to be measured. In this case, an insulating film is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the output portion 34, and a predetermined pattern portion 86X is formed by vapor-depositing metal foil on the insulating film. An insulating film is formed on the predetermined pattern portion 86X. When the electrical insulating member 84 is formed directly on the object to be measured, the area of the object to be measured where the strain sensor 82 is attached may include the recess 35 shown in FIG. 6, for example. In this case, part of the insulating film formed on the outer peripheral surface of the output section 34 may also be formed in the recess 35 .

- In the embodiment and modifications, the concave portion 35 may be omitted from the object to be measured. In embodiments and modifications, the recess 35 may be formed in at least a portion of the periphery of the strain sensor 82 or may be formed in only a portion of the periphery of the strain sensor 82 . The recess 35 is preferably provided at a position where the stress applied to the strain sensor 82 is the largest.

- The object to be measured is not limited to the transmission body 33, and may be a part of the manpowered vehicle 10 whose strain needs to be detected. In one example, the object to be measured includes at least one of crankshaft 12A, crank arm 12B, pedal 18 and frame 16. FIG. The object to be measured may be a part other than the part of the manpowered vehicle 10 .

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10... Human-powered vehicle, 30... Component, 34... Output part (an example of an object to be measured), 35... Recessed part, 35X... Curved surface, 80... Sensor, 82... Strain sensor, 84... Electric insulating member, 84C... Mounting surface, 86 Conductive film 86X Predetermined pattern portion 86A First pattern portion (pattern portion) 86B Second pattern portion (pattern portion) 86C Third pattern portion (pattern portion) 86D Fourth pattern Part (pattern part) 87 Wheatstone bridge circuit 87A first terminal 87B second terminal 87C third terminal 87D fourth terminal 88 temperature detection part SD adhesive C1 rotation Center axis, PLA... Plane including rotation center axis, PLB... Plane perpendicular to rotation center axis, PL1... First plane, PL2... Second plane.

Claims (35)

A sensor that is attached to an object to be measured that rotates about a rotation center axis and that includes a strain sensor for detecting twist of the object to be measured about the rotation center axis,
the strain sensor is a strain gauge,
The strain sensor is
a flexible sheet-like electrical insulating member;
a conductive film provided on the electrical insulating member and having a predetermined pattern portion,
The predetermined pattern portion extends continuously over 90° or more in a circumferential direction around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured while the electrical insulating member is attached to the object to be measured. sensor. A sensor that is attached to an object to be measured that rotates about a rotation center axis and that includes a strain sensor for detecting twist of the object to be measured about the rotation center axis,
the strain sensor is a strain gauge,
The strain sensor is
a flexible electrical insulating member;
a conductive film provided on the electrical insulating member and having a predetermined pattern portion,
The predetermined pattern portion extends continuously over 90° or more in a circumferential direction around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured in a state where the strain sensor is attached to the object to be measured,
In a state in which the strain sensor is attached to the object to be measured, the predetermined pattern portion extends obliquely with respect to a direction parallel to the central axis of rotation and the circumferential direction of the object to be measured. Sensor , including part. A sensor that is attached to an object to be measured that rotates about a rotation center axis and that includes a strain sensor for detecting twist of the object to be measured about the rotation center axis,
the strain sensor is a strain gauge,
The strain sensor is
a flexible electrical insulating member;
a conductive film provided on the electrical insulating member and having a predetermined pattern portion,
The predetermined pattern portion extends continuously over 90° or more in a circumferential direction around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured in a state where the strain sensor is attached to the object to be measured,
The predetermined pattern portion includes two pattern portions,
A sensor, wherein the two pattern portions are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured when the strain sensor is attached to the object to be measured. A sensor that is attached to an object to be measured that rotates about a rotation center axis and that includes a strain sensor for detecting twist of the object to be measured about the rotation center axis,
the strain sensor is a strain gauge,
The strain sensor is
a flexible electrical insulating member;
a conductive film provided on the electrical insulating member and having a predetermined pattern portion,
The predetermined pattern portion extends continuously over 90° or more in a circumferential direction around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured in a state where the strain sensor is attached to the object to be measured,
The predetermined pattern portion includes two pattern portions,
The sensor, wherein the two pattern portions are arranged so as to intersect a first plane perpendicular to the rotation center axis when the strain sensor is attached to the object to be measured. A sensor that is attached to an object to be measured that rotates about a rotation center axis and that includes a strain sensor for detecting twist of the object to be measured about the rotation center axis,
The strain sensor is
a flexible electrical insulating member;
a conductive film provided on the electrical insulating member and having a predetermined pattern portion,
The predetermined pattern portion extends over 90° or more in a circumferential direction around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured in a state in which the strain sensor is attached to the object to be measured, and the two pattern portions including
A sensor, wherein the two pattern portions are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured when the strain sensor is attached to the object to be measured. A sensor that is attached to an object to be measured that rotates about a rotation center axis and that includes a strain sensor for detecting twist of the object to be measured about the rotation center axis,
The strain sensor is
a flexible electrical insulating member;
a conductive film provided on the electrical insulating member and having a predetermined pattern portion,
The predetermined pattern portion extends over 90° or more in a circumferential direction around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured in a state in which the strain sensor is attached to the object to be measured, and the two pattern portions including
The sensor, wherein the two pattern portions are arranged so as to intersect a first plane perpendicular to the rotation center axis when the strain sensor is attached to the object to be measured. The two pattern portions extend over 180° or more in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured in a state where the strain sensor is attached to the object to be measured. sensor described in . lengths of the two pattern portions are substantially equal in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured;
The sensor according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the lengths of the two pattern portions are substantially equal in a direction parallel to the central axis of rotation. each of the two pattern portions includes a portion extending obliquely with respect to a direction parallel to the rotation center axis and the circumferential direction of the object to be measured;
The sensor according to any one of claims 3 to 8, wherein said two pattern portions are formed symmetrically with respect to a plane including said rotation center axis. A sensor that is attached to an object to be measured that rotates about a rotation center axis and that includes a strain sensor for detecting twist of the object to be measured about the rotation center axis,
the strain sensor is a strain gauge,
The strain sensor is
a flexible electrical insulating member;
a conductive film provided on the electrical insulating member and having a predetermined pattern portion,
The predetermined pattern portion extends continuously over 90° or more in a circumferential direction around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured in a state where the strain sensor is attached to the object to be measured,
The predetermined pattern portion includes two pattern portions,
The sensor, wherein the two pattern portions are spaced apart in a direction parallel to the rotation center axis when the strain sensor is attached to the object to be measured. 11. The two pattern portions are arranged so that at least a portion thereof overlaps when viewed from a direction parallel to the rotation center axis while the strain sensor is attached to the object to be measured. sensor described in . 12. The pattern portion according to claim 11, wherein the two pattern portions are arranged so as to completely overlap when viewed from a direction parallel to the rotation center axis with the strain sensor attached to the object to be measured. sensor. lengths of the two pattern portions are substantially equal in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured;
The sensor according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the lengths of the two pattern portions are substantially equal in the direction parallel to the central axis of rotation. the two pattern portions each include a portion extending obliquely with respect to a direction parallel to the rotation center axis and the circumferential direction of the object to be measured;
The sensor according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein said two pattern portions are formed symmetrically with respect to a plane perpendicular to said rotation center axis. A sensor that is attached to an object to be measured that rotates about a rotation center axis and that includes a strain sensor for detecting twist of the object to be measured about the rotation center axis,
the strain sensor is a strain gauge,
The strain sensor is
a flexible electrical insulating member;
a conductive film provided on the electrical insulating member and having a predetermined pattern portion,
The predetermined pattern portion extends continuously over 90° or more in a circumferential direction around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured in a state where the strain sensor is attached to the object to be measured,
The predetermined pattern portion includes a first pattern portion, a second pattern portion, a third pattern portion and a fourth pattern portion,
With the strain sensor attached to the object to be measured,
The first pattern portion is arranged relative to the second pattern portion, the third pattern portion, and the fourth pattern portion in at least one of the circumferential direction of the object to be measured and a direction parallel to the rotation center axis. are spaced apart and
The second pattern portion is arranged in at least one of the circumferential direction of the object to be measured and the direction parallel to the rotation center axis with respect to the first pattern portion, the third pattern portion, and the fourth pattern portion. are spaced apart and
The third pattern portion is arranged in at least one of the circumferential direction of the object to be measured and the direction parallel to the rotation center axis with respect to the first pattern portion, the second pattern portion, and the fourth pattern portion. are spaced apart and
The fourth pattern portion is arranged to rotate relative to the first pattern portion, the second pattern portion, and the third pattern portion in at least one of the circumferential direction of the object to be measured and a direction parallel to the rotation center axis. Spaced sensors . A sensor that is attached to an object to be measured that rotates about a rotation center axis and that includes a strain sensor for detecting twist of the object to be measured about the rotation center axis,
The strain sensor is
a flexible electrical insulating member;
a conductive film provided on the electrical insulating member and having a predetermined pattern portion,
The predetermined pattern portion extends over 90° or more in a circumferential direction around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured in a state in which the strain sensor is attached to the object to be measured, and the predetermined pattern portion includes a first pattern portion, a second pattern portion, a third pattern portion and a fourth pattern portion,
With the strain sensor attached to the object to be measured,
The first pattern portion is arranged relative to the second pattern portion, the third pattern portion, and the fourth pattern portion in at least one of the circumferential direction of the object to be measured and a direction parallel to the rotation center axis. are spaced apart and
The second pattern portion is arranged in at least one of the circumferential direction of the object to be measured and the direction parallel to the rotation center axis with respect to the first pattern portion, the third pattern portion, and the fourth pattern portion. are spaced apart and
The third pattern portion is arranged in at least one of the circumferential direction of the object to be measured and the direction parallel to the rotation center axis with respect to the first pattern portion, the second pattern portion, and the fourth pattern portion. are spaced apart and
The fourth pattern portion is arranged in at least one of the circumferential direction of the object to be measured and the direction parallel to the rotation center axis with respect to the first pattern portion, the second pattern portion, and the third pattern portion. Spaced sensors. With the strain sensor attached to the object to be measured,
the first pattern portion and the second pattern portion are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured;
the third pattern portion and the fourth pattern portion are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured;
The first pattern portion and the third pattern portion are spaced apart in a direction parallel to the rotation center axis,
17. The sensor according to claim 15 or 16, wherein said second pattern portion and said fourth pattern portion are spaced apart in a direction parallel to said rotation center axis. With the strain sensor attached to the object to be measured,
The first pattern portion and the second pattern portion are arranged to intersect a first plane perpendicular to the rotation center axis,
18. The sensor according to claim 17, wherein said third pattern portion and said fourth pattern portion are arranged so as to intersect a second plane perpendicular to said rotation center axis. When viewed from a direction parallel to the rotation center axis with the strain sensor attached to the object to be measured,
The first pattern portion and the third pattern portion are arranged so as to at least partially overlap,
19. The sensor according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the second pattern portion and the fourth pattern portion are arranged so as to at least partially overlap. When viewed from a direction parallel to the rotation center axis with the strain sensor attached to the object to be measured,
The first pattern portion and the third pattern portion are arranged so as to completely overlap,
20. The sensor of claim 19, wherein the second pattern portion and the fourth pattern portion are arranged so as to fully overlap. In a state in which the strain sensor is attached to the object to be measured, the first pattern portion and the second pattern portion, and the third pattern portion and the fourth pattern portion are arranged around the object to be measured. A sensor according to any one of claims 17 to 20, extending over 180° or more in a direction. lengths of the first pattern portion, the second pattern portion, the third pattern portion, and the fourth pattern portion are substantially equal in the circumferential direction of the object to be measured;
22. The length of said first pattern portion, said second pattern portion, said third pattern portion and said fourth pattern portion are substantially equal in a direction parallel to said rotation center axis. or the sensor according to claim 1. The first pattern portion, the second pattern portion, the third pattern portion, and the fourth pattern portion are inclined with respect to a direction parallel to the rotation center axis and the circumferential direction of the object to be measured. each including a portion extending through the
The first pattern portion and the second pattern portion are formed symmetrically with respect to a plane including the rotation center axis,
The third pattern portion and the fourth pattern portion are formed symmetrically with respect to a plane including the rotation center axis,
The first pattern portion and the third pattern portion are formed symmetrically with respect to a plane perpendicular to the rotation center axis,
The sensor according to any one of claims 17 to 22, wherein said second pattern portion and said fourth pattern portion are formed symmetrically with respect to a plane perpendicular to said rotation center axis. A sensor that is attached to an object to be measured that rotates about a rotation center axis and that includes a strain sensor for detecting twist of the object to be measured about the rotation center axis,
the strain sensor is a strain gauge,
The strain sensor is
a flexible electrical insulating member;
a conductive film provided on the electrical insulating member and having a predetermined pattern portion,
The predetermined pattern portion extends continuously over 90° or more in a circumferential direction around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured in a state where the strain sensor is attached to the object to be measured,
The sensor , wherein the predetermined pattern portion constitutes at least part of a Wheatstone bridge circuit. 25. The sensor of claim 24, wherein the strain sensor further includes a first terminal, a second terminal, a third terminal, and a fourth terminal provided on the electrically insulating member and forming four terminals of the Wheatstone bridge circuit. . 26. The sensor according to claim 25, wherein said first terminal, said second terminal, said third terminal and said fourth terminal are respectively arranged at ends of said electrical insulating member in said circumferential direction of said object to be measured. . A sensor that is attached to an object to be measured that rotates about a rotation center axis and that includes a strain sensor for detecting twist of the object to be measured about the rotation center axis,
the strain sensor is a strain gauge,
The strain sensor is
a flexible electrical insulating member;
a conductive film provided on the electrical insulating member and having a predetermined pattern portion,
The predetermined pattern portion extends continuously over 90° or more in a circumferential direction around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured in a state where the strain sensor is attached to the object to be measured,
The sensor further includes a temperature detector. A sensor that is attached to an object to be measured that rotates about a rotation center axis and that includes a strain sensor for detecting twist of the object to be measured about the rotation center axis,
The strain sensor is
a flexible electrical insulating member;
a conductive film provided on the electrical insulating member and having a predetermined pattern portion,
The predetermined pattern portion extends over 90° or more in a circumferential direction around the rotation center axis of the object to be measured in a state where the strain sensor is attached to the object to be measured,
The sensor further includes a temperature detector. 29. The sensor according to claim 27 or 28, wherein said temperature detection part is arranged at an end of said electrical insulating member in said circumferential direction of said object to be measured. A sensor according to any preceding claim, wherein the object under test comprises part of a manpowered vehicle. The sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 30, wherein said electrically insulating member is attached to said object to be measured by adhesion or formed directly on said object to be measured. an object to be measured;
a strain sensor attached to the object under test, the component comprising:
a region of the object to be measured in which the strain sensor is attached includes a recess formed so that a peripheral edge of a mounting surface of the strain sensor facing the object to be measured does not come into direct contact with the object to be measured;
The recess is filled with an adhesive that bonds the object to be measured and the strain sensor,
The component, wherein the adhesive adheres the object to be measured and the periphery of the mounting surface. 33. The component of claim 32, wherein the recess is formed all around the perimeter of the strain sensor. 34. A component according to claim 32 or 33, wherein in the object to be measured the edge of the recess facing the strain sensor is formed by a curved surface. The component according to any one of claims 32 to 34, wherein the adhesive is also provided on a peripheral edge of the strain sensor on a surface opposite to the mounting surface.

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