JP7148679B2 - Damper mechanism for seismic isolation structure, arrangement structure of damper mechanism for seismic isolation structure, trigger mechanism for seismic isolation structure, arrangement structure of trigger mechanism for seismic isolation structure, slide bearing mechanism for seismic isolation structure, and building - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a seismic isolation structure damper mechanism, a seismic isolation structure damper mechanism arrangement structure, a seismic isolation structure trigger mechanism arrangement structure, a seismic isolation structure slide bearing mechanism, and a building.

Conventionally, as a structure of a building prepared for an earthquake, for example, there is a building with a seismic isolation structure. A building with a seismic isolation structure comprises a lower structure such as a foundation, an upper structure provided above the lower structure, and seismic isolation means provided between the lower structure and the upper structure. there is As seismic isolation means, for example, an oil damper, a lead damper, a U-shaped damper, etc. are known, and have the function of reducing the load applied to the upper structure.

Here, Patent Document 1 discloses a lead damper having a mounting plate for a structure such as a building on at least one end of a damper body made of a lead column or the like formed in a desired shape.

However, in the structure of the lead damper described in Patent Document 1, the dimension in the height direction becomes large, and the height of the building as a whole becomes high. Also, a space of sufficient height must be secured between the lower structure and the upper structure, which is not suitable for relatively small-scale buildings.

Further, Patent Literature 2 discloses a so-called U-shaped damper having a damping mechanism in which joints of U-shaped curved members made of an elastic-plastic material are respectively fixed to an upper structure and a lower structure.

However, the U-shaped damper described in Patent Document 2 deforms significantly in the vertical direction beyond its initial dimensions when sliding, so a space of sufficient height must be secured between the lower structure and the upper structure. not suitable for relatively small buildings.

In addition, the oil damper is expensive, and if it is adopted, the cost of the entire building will increase.

Also known is a seismic isolation structure with a trigger mechanism that can reduce damage to the structure by switching the vibration mode according to the magnitude of the external force.

For example, Patent Literature 3 discloses a trigger mechanism that operates when an earthquake exceeding a predetermined seismic level occurs. According to this, by operating the trigger mechanism, the seismic isolation device can be operated to protect the anti-vibration equipment.

However, in the trigger mechanism described in Patent Document 3, if the load when the trigger mechanism is activated exceeds a certain amount, the pull-out force due to the overturning moment of the upper structure or the local pull-out force due to the load-bearing wall, Pulling forces can occur in the trigger area. As a result, there is a risk that the trigger mechanism will be actuated with a load smaller than the initially assumed load.

Further, in Patent Document 4, for small vibrations caused by earthquakes, wind, traffic vibrations, etc. that do not exceed a predetermined horizontal displacement, both the first vibration damping device and the second vibration damping device are operated to For large earthquake-induced vibrations exceeding the horizontal displacement of An arrangement is disclosed in which only the damping device is activated.

However, the trigger mechanism as disclosed in Patent Document 4 is not suitable for relatively small-scale buildings because of its complicated structure and large members.

Further, in Patent Document 5, in a slide bearing device including a slide plate and a main body (sliding body) slidably arranged with respect to the slide plate, a thin steel plate is formed into a concave shape and filled with grout material. Accordingly, a technique for forming a sliding plate of a seismic isolation device is disclosed.

However, the sliding bearing device described in Patent Document 5 includes upper and lower shoes filled with grout material in both the upper structure and the lower structure, and the sliding body is sandwiched between them, so the number of parts is large. , the height of the seismic isolation device also increases. Therefore, it is not suitable for relatively small buildings.

Patent Document 6 discloses a seismic isolation device having a trigger mechanism and a restoring member made of a rubber laminate, which is installed in a structure such as a house.

However, conventional seismic isolation devices that include these trigger mechanisms and restoring members have problems in that the size of the device increases the overall size of the building and that the device is expensive. These buildings are not suitable for small residential areas.

Japanese Patent No. 4846142 Japanese Patent No. 3543004 Japanese Patent No. 4470336 Japanese Patent No. 4029685 Japanese Patent No. 4048878 JP 2004-100929 A

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a low-cost, low-height damper mechanism for a seismic isolation structure, and an arrangement structure thereof. Further, the present invention provides a low-height trigger mechanism for a seismic isolation structure, and its arrangement structure, which can exhibit the expected performance even if the trigger mechanism rises due to the overturning moment of the superstructure or the like. intended to provide Another object of the present invention is to provide a sliding bearing mechanism for a seismic isolation structure that can be manufactured at low cost and is low in height. A further object of the present invention is to provide a building with a seismic isolation structure capable of reducing damage to the upper structure at low cost without increasing the size of the building as a whole.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and the damper mechanism for a seismic isolation structure of the present invention comprises:
Provided between a lower structure and an upper structure provided above the lower structure,
a displacement reduction mechanism for reducing displacement generated between the lower structure and the upper structure;
The displacement reducing mechanism has a link mechanism and a displacement suppressing portion that absorbs energy due to deformation to reduce displacement.

In addition, in the damper mechanism for seismic isolation structure of the present invention,
The displacement reduction mechanism is
a plurality of cross members;
a plurality of vertical members rotatably connected at both ends to the adjacent horizontal members;
and the displacement suppressing portion that connects the adjacent vertical members,
Among the plurality of horizontal members, the end of one horizontal member is directly or indirectly connected to the lower structure, and the end of the other horizontal member is directly or indirectly connected to the upper structure. preferably.

Further, in the damper mechanism for seismic isolation structure of the present invention, when the displacement reduction mechanism reaches the maximum deformation, the adjacent vertical members contact each other to suppress deformation exceeding the maximum deformation. is preferred.

Moreover, in the damper mechanism for a seismic isolation structure of the present invention, it is preferable that the displacement suppressing portion includes at least one of low yield point steel and ultra-low yield point steel.

Further, in the arrangement structure of the damper mechanism for seismic isolation structure of the present invention, when the distance between the fulcrums of one of the damper mechanisms for seismic isolation structure increases, the distance between the fulcrums of the other damper mechanism for seismic isolation structure increases. At least two of the damper mechanisms for seismic isolation structure are arranged symmetrically so as to contract.

Further, the trigger mechanism for seismic isolation structure of the present invention is provided between a lower structure and an upper structure provided above the lower structure,
A connecting member that connects the lower structure and the upper structure,
The connection between the lower structure or the upper structure and the connecting member is released when a displacement of a predetermined amount or more is applied between the lower structure and the upper structure,
The horizontal rigidity of the connecting member is greater than the vertical rigidity of the connecting member.

Further, in the trigger mechanism for a seismic isolation structure of the present invention, it is preferable that the connecting member is a plate-like member arranged so as to be substantially parallel to the horizontal plane.

Further, in the trigger mechanism for a seismic isolation structure of the present invention, it is preferable that the connecting member is configured such that the horizontal rigidity is 1000 times or more the vertical rigidity.

Further, in the trigger mechanism for a seismic isolation structure of the present invention, the connecting member is connected to the lower structure and the upper structure while being elastically deformed so as to be inclined with respect to a horizontal plane. is preferred.

Further, in the trigger mechanism for a seismic isolation structure of the present invention, the horizontal compressive strength of the connecting member is the force when the connection between the lower structure or the upper structure and the connecting member is released. is preferably greater than

Further, the trigger mechanism for a seismic isolation structure of the present invention has a connecting member that connects the lower structure or the upper structure and the connecting member, and the connecting member is cut at a predetermined displacement. It is preferably configured as follows.

Further, the arrangement structure of the trigger mechanism for seismic isolation structure of the present invention is characterized in that the trigger mechanism for seismic isolation structure is provided on the outer peripheral edges of the lower structure and the upper structure.

Further, the slide bearing mechanism for a seismic isolation structure of the present invention is
Provided between a lower structure and an upper structure provided above the lower structure,
a sliding bearing fixed to the lower structure or the upper structure;
the upper structure is configured to slide on the lower structure via the slide bearing;
The sliding bearing is
a flat plate;
and a concave portion continuous with the flat plate portion,
A filling body made of a curable fluid is provided in a space formed by the recess and the lower structure or the upper structure.

Further, in the sliding bearing mechanism for a seismic isolation structure of the present invention, it is preferable that the packing has a compressive strength of 40 N/mm ² or more.

Moreover, in the sliding bearing mechanism for a seismic isolation structure of the present invention, it is preferable that the concave portion of the sliding bearing has a side portion and a bottom portion.

In addition, a building of the present invention includes any of the damper mechanisms for a seismic isolation structure and/or an arrangement structure of the damper mechanism for a seismic isolation structure,
any of the above trigger mechanisms for a seismic isolation structure and/or an arrangement structure of the above trigger mechanisms for a seismic isolation structure;
Any one of the sliding bearing mechanisms for a seismic isolation structure described above is provided.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it is cheap and can provide the damper mechanism for seismic isolation structures with low height, and its arrangement structure. Further, according to the present invention, even if the trigger mechanism rises due to the overturning moment of the upper structure, etc., the expected performance can be exhibited, and the trigger mechanism for a seismic isolation structure with a low height and its arrangement structure can be provided. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a low-height slide bearing mechanism for a seismic isolation structure that can be manufactured at low cost. Furthermore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a building with a seismic isolation structure capable of reducing damage to the upper structure at low cost without increasing the size of the building as a whole.

It is a side view showing a building as one embodiment of the present invention. 1B is a side view showing a state in which the upper structure has moved horizontally in the building of FIG. 1A; FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of a damper mechanism of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 2 is a side view of the damper mechanism of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the displacement of the damper mechanism of FIG. 2 in the pulling direction; FIG. 3 is a plan view showing displacement in the compression direction of the damper mechanism of FIG. 2; It is a top view which shows the modification of a damper mechanism. FIG. 8 is a plan view showing another modification of the damper mechanism; FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an example of a case where a plurality of damper mechanisms are provided in a building; FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an example of displacement of a damper mechanism when a building is displaced in the horizontal direction; It is another embodiment in the case of providing a plurality of damper mechanisms. FIG. 4 is a side view showing an example of the trigger mechanism of the present invention; 12 is a plan view of the trigger mechanism of FIG. 11; FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example of a slide bearing mechanism of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 14 is a plan view of the slide bearing mechanism of FIG. 13;

An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. In the building structure of the present invention, a damper mechanism 30 (damper mechanism for seismic isolation structure), a trigger mechanism 40 (trigger mechanism for seismic isolation structure), and a slide bearing mechanism are provided between an upper structure 10 and a lower structure 20. 50 (sliding bearing mechanism for seismic isolation structure).

As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, building 1 is, for example, a two-story or three-story house. A building 1 includes an upper structure 10 and a foundation 20 as a lower structure. The foundation 20 is installed on the ground G and supports the upper structure 10 and the like.

The building 1 can be, for example, an industrialized house having a steel framework, a wooden house, or the like. An industrialized house is composed of, for example, a reinforced concrete foundation 20 and an upper structure 10 provided above the foundation 20, which has a framework structure composed of framework members such as columns and beams. be done. In addition, the frame members constituting the frame frame can be standardized (standardized) in advance, and in that case, they are manufactured in advance at a factory and then brought to the construction site and assembled.

The upper structure 10 is provided above the foundation 20 and has an indoor space such as a room inside. The upper structure 10 is designed and constructed based on predetermined design criteria. Here, the predetermined design standards may be various laws and regulations including standards regarding the strength to be met by buildings, such as the Building Standards Act in Japan or laws related to buildings in foreign countries. Various structures can be adopted for the upper structure 10 as long as the structure satisfies the strength criteria indicated in the design standards and can realize an earthquake-resistant structure (vibration damping structure).

In the building 1 of this example, a damper mechanism 30 , a trigger mechanism 40 and a slide support mechanism 50 are provided between the superstructure 10 and the foundation 20 . In plan view, the damper mechanism 30, the trigger mechanism 40, and the sliding support mechanism 50 are arranged as shown in FIG. 8, for example.

The basic operation of each part when a horizontal load is applied to the upper structure 10 will be described below. The upper structure 10 and the foundation 20 are connected by the trigger mechanism 40 until the horizontal load applied to the upper structure 10 exceeds the breaking strength of the trigger mechanism 40 (strength at which the connection state is released and becomes unconnected). , the trigger mechanism 40 provides resistance to the horizontal load (seismic force) due to the earthquake. That is, due to the configuration of the upper structure 10 designed based on the design criteria, the upper structure 10 exhibits restorability as an earthquake-resistant structure (vibration damping structure). In this way, the building 1 suppresses damage as an earthquake-resistant structure (vibration control structure) until an earthquake (an extremely rare earthquake) stipulated by the design standards.

On the other hand, when a horizontal load exceeding the yield strength (breaking strength) of the trigger mechanism 40 is applied to the upper structure 10 due to an earthquake or the like, the trigger mechanism 40 breaks and the connection state is released, as shown in FIG. 1B. In this case, the upper structure 10 horizontally moves (slides) by the sliding support mechanism 50 while its movement is restricted by the damper mechanism 30 and the sliding support mechanism 50 . That is, the upper structure 10 exhibits restorability in a seismically isolated state. In this way, if an earthquake (extremely large earthquake) exceeding the earthquake defined by the design standards occurs, the building 1 is in a seismically isolated state to suppress damage.

The damper mechanism 30 will be described below. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an example of the damper mechanism 30, and FIG. 3 is a side view.

FIG. 2 shows the initial state before the damper mechanism 30 is deformed. The damper mechanism 30 of this example includes a displacement reduction mechanism 31 that constitutes a link mechanism.

The displacement reducing mechanism 31 has a displacement suppressing portion 32 that absorbs energy due to deformation and reduces displacement. As the displacement suppressing portion 32, for example, a low yield point steel, an extremely low yield point steel, or a low yield point steel and an extremely low yield point steel having a yield point lower than that of the vertical members 35, 36 and the horizontal members 33, 34 Combinations and composites are possible, but not limited to.

In this example, the displacement reducing mechanism 31 constitutes a link mechanism capable of reducing the displacement of the relative horizontal displacement between the base 20 and the upper structure 10 and outputting it to the displacement suppressing section 32 . Note that the displacement reduction mechanism 31 may be any mechanism that can reduce the displacement generated between the upper structure 10 and the foundation 20, and may be, for example, a pulley mechanism or a lever mechanism.

The displacement reduction mechanism 31 comprises a plurality of cross members 33, 34 arranged substantially parallel. The displacement reduction mechanism 31 also includes a plurality of vertical members 35 and 36 each of which is rotatably connected at both ends to a pair of adjacent horizontal members 33 and 34 . In this example, the horizontal members 33 and 34 are elongated members having the same shape, and the horizontal member 34 is arranged in parallel with the horizontal member 33 rotated by 180°. The horizontal members 33, 34 and the vertical members 35, 36 can be made of steel such as iron, but are not limited to this, and can be made of, for example, stainless steel, engineering plastics, ceramics, or the like. Note that the displacement reduction mechanism 31 may be configured to have three or more horizontal members. For example, when there are three substantially parallel horizontal members, the central horizontal member and the horizontal member located on one side of the central horizontal member are connected by vertical members, and the central horizontal member and the horizontal member located on the other side It is possible to have a configuration in which the horizontal members are connected to each other with vertical members.

In this example, the end portion 33 a of one of the horizontal members 33 and 34 is connected to the foundation 20 . Also, an end portion 34 a of another horizontal member 34 is indirectly connected to the upper structure 10 . The end portion 33a of the horizontal member 33 may be indirectly connected to the foundation 20 via the connecting member 37 as in this example, or may be directly connected to the foundation 20 . Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a steel frame foundation 11 can be provided below the upper structure 10, and in this example, an end portion 34a of a horizontal member 34 is connected to the steel frame foundation 11 via a connecting member 38. It is Note that the end portion 34 a of the cross member 34 may be indirectly connected to the upper structure 10 as in this example, or may be directly connected to the upper structure 10 . The steel frame foundation 11 can be made of, for example, H-shaped steel.

The vertical members 35 and 36 are rotatably supported by fastening members such as bolts fixed to the horizontal members 33 and 34, respectively. The pair of vertical members 35 and 36 are composed of members having the same shape, and the vertical member 35 on one side and the vertical member 36 on the other side are arranged in parallel so as to face each other. In this example, four sets (four pairs) of vertical members 35 and 36 are arranged between the pair of horizontal members 33 and 34 at regular intervals. A displacement suppressing portion 32 that connects one vertical member 35 and the other vertical member 36 is fixed to the adjacent vertical members 35 and 36 . In this example, six displacement suppressing portions 32 are arranged at equal intervals on the upper surface side and the lower surface side of the pair of vertical members 35 and 36, that is, a total of 12 displacement suppressing portions 32. However, the number and arrangement of the displacement suppressing portions 32 can be changed as appropriate, and may be only on the upper surface side or only on the lower surface side. The displacement suppressing portion 32 is fixed to the longitudinal members 35 and 36 by fastening members such as bolts or by welding or the like. Note that the displacement suppressing portion 32 and the pair of longitudinal members 35 and 36 may be configured as a single integrally formed member. The size and number of the displacement suppressing portions 32 can be determined from the assumed displacement of the upper structure 10 . Note that the displacement reduction mechanism 31 may be configured to have three or more longitudinal members. For example, when there are three substantially parallel vertical members, the central vertical member and the vertical member located on one side of the central vertical member are connected by the displacement suppressing portion, and the central vertical member and the other side are connected. It can be configured such that it is connected to the positioned vertical member by the displacement suppressing portion.

In this example, a gap 39 is formed between a pair of adjacent vertical members 35 and 36 . The gap 39 is set so that the pair of longitudinal members 35 and 36 come into contact with each other when the displacement reduction mechanism 31 reaches the maximum allowable deformation, thereby suppressing deformation exceeding the maximum deformation. can be done. That is, the damper mechanism 30 can also function as a stopper that restricts the movement range of the upper structure 10 with respect to the foundation 20 . If the distance of the gap 39 is too large, the displacement suppressing portion 32 may enter the gap 39 when deformed in the out-of-plane direction. is desirable. Here, the configuration for suppressing deformation exceeding the maximum deformation of the displacement reduction mechanism 31 is not limited to the configuration in which the gap 39 is provided as described above. For example, after arranging the adjacent vertical members 35 and 36 at different heights in the vertical direction, a projection is provided on one of the vertical members, and when the displacement reduction mechanism 31 reaches the maximum deformation, the projection is It can be configured to stop the vertical member by contacting the other vertical member. Even with such a configuration, deformation exceeding the maximum deformation of the displacement reduction mechanism 31 can be suppressed.

4 and 5 show deformation of the damper mechanism 30 when displacement occurs between the foundation 20 and the upper structure 10. FIG. 4 and 5 show cases where the directions of displacement of the upper structure 10 with respect to the foundation 20 are different.

FIG. 4 shows a case in which the displacement reduction mechanism 31 is deformed so that the distance between the end 33a of one horizontal member 33 and the end 34a of the other horizontal member 34 is increased, that is, the displacement reduction mechanism 31 is deformed in the tensile direction. It shows the maximum deformation state when On the other hand, FIG. 5 shows the maximum deformation state when the displacement reduction mechanism 31 is deformed in the compression direction.

As shown in FIG. 4, when the upper structure 10 is horizontally displaced by a length L1 with respect to the foundation 20, each displacement suppressing portion 32 is displaced by a length L2. In other words, the displacement L1 generated between the foundation 20 and the upper structure 10 is reduced to the displacement L2 by the link mechanism of the displacement reducing mechanism 31 and transmitted to each displacement suppressing portion 32 . Specifically, for example, when the displacement L1 is about 350 mm, the displacement L2 is about 34 mm, that is, the displacement can be reduced to about 1/10.

In this manner, when displacement occurs between the foundation 20 and the upper structure 10, shear energy acts on each displacement suppressing portion 32, resulting in shear deformation. In this way, by deforming each displacement suppressing portion 32, energy is absorbed and the moving speed of the upper structure 10 is limited.

In addition, since the movement range of the end portion 34a connected to the upper structure 10 with respect to the end portion 33a connected to the foundation 20 is limited within a predetermined range, the movement range of the upper structure 10 with respect to the foundation 20 is limited. It will be done.

Thus, the damper mechanism 30 can limit the speed and range of movement of the upper structure 10 with respect to the foundation 20 .

Further, in the damper mechanism 30 of the present embodiment, the displacement generated between the foundation 20 and the upper structure 10 is reduced by the displacement reduction mechanism 31 and transmitted to the displacement suppressing section 32. The size of the displacement suppressing portion 32 can be set smaller than the length of displacement that can occur between 20 and the upper structure 10 . As a result, the damper mechanism 30 can be realized at low cost and with a low height.

In addition, in the damper mechanism 30 of the present embodiment, by combining the displacement reduction mechanism 31, which is a link mechanism, and the displacement suppression part 32, which is a low yield point steel (or an extremely low yield point steel), relatively small displacement suppression can be achieved. A large displacement of the upper structure 10 can be dealt with by the amount of shear deformation of the portion 32 .

6 and 7 show a modification of the damper mechanism 30. FIG. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, a pair of horizontal members 33 and 34 may be provided with three pairs of vertical members 35 and 36 (that is, three pairs), or as shown in FIG. For example, the number of displacement suppressing portions 32 may be increased or decreased, such as providing two pairs of vertical members 35 and 36 in which no displacement suppressing portion 32 is provided.

Here, when a plurality of damper mechanisms 30 are provided in the building 1, when the distance between the fulcrums of one damper mechanism 30 is increased, the distance between the fulcrums of the other damper mechanism 30 is reduced by at least two damper mechanisms. It is preferable to arrange the two damper mechanisms symmetrically. The fulcrum of the damper mechanism 30 is a point at which the damper mechanism 30 is connected to the upper structure 10 and the lower structure (foundation 20), respectively. An end portion 33a of a cross member 33 and an end portion 34a of another cross member 34 connected to the upper structure 10 . In the example shown in FIG. 8, two damper mechanisms 301 and 302 are arranged point-symmetrically around the central point of the building 1 in plan view.

As shown in FIG. 8, by further arranging damper mechanisms 303 and 304, it is possible to cope with loads perpendicular to the damper mechanisms 301 and 302 as well. As shown in FIG. 8, the two damper mechanisms 303 and 304 are also arranged point-symmetrically. When the upper structure horizontally moves in the direction indicated by the dashed arrow in FIG. 9, a tensile force acts on one damper mechanism 304 to increase the distance between the fulcrums, and a compressive force acts on the other damper mechanism 303 to move the fulcrums. the distance between them is reduced. As a result, the positive and negative asymmetry of the load deformation relationship due to the geometric nonlinearity of the link mechanism of the damper mechanisms 304 and 303 can be offset, and as a result, the design of the base isolation layer can be facilitated. When a compressive force acts on one damper mechanism 304 to reduce the distance between the fulcrums, a tensile force acts on the other damper mechanism 303 to increase the distance between the fulcrums. The damper mechanisms 301 and 302 are also configured so that when one damper mechanism 301 receives a tensile force to increase the distance between the fulcrums, the other damper mechanism 302 receives a compressive force to reduce the distance between the fulcrums. It is Further, when compressive force acts on one damper mechanism 301 to reduce the distance between the fulcrums, tensile force acts on the other damper mechanism 302 to increase the distance between the fulcrums. This eliminates the fact that the seismic isolation effect is exhibited only in a specific direction, and makes it possible to exhibit the seismic isolation effect in all directions in the horizontal plane.

Here, in the example shown in FIG. 8, when the upper structure 10 (steel frame foundation 11) is displaced in the X direction (right side in FIG. 8) indicated by the arrow in FIG. The damper mechanism 303 reduces the distance between the fulcrums. Similarly, damper mechanism 304 increases the distance between the fulcrums, and damper mechanism 302 decreases the distance between the fulcrums. The damper mechanisms 301 and 303 are arranged symmetrically with respect to a straight line parallel to the Y direction in FIG. 8, and the damper mechanisms 304 and 302 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the straight line. ing.

In the example shown in FIG. 8, when the upper structure 10 (steel frame foundation 11) is displaced in the Y direction (downward in FIG. 8) indicated by the arrow in FIG. 301 shortens the distance between the fulcrums. Similarly, the damper mechanism 302 widens the distance between the fulcrums, and the damper mechanism 303 shortens the distance between the fulcrums. The damper mechanisms 304 and 301 are arranged symmetrically with respect to a straight line parallel to the X direction in FIG. 8, and the damper mechanisms 302 and 303 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the straight line. ing.

Further, when a plurality of damper mechanisms 30 are provided in the building 1, as shown in FIG. It is preferable that the end portion 34a be located on the outer peripheral edge side. While preventing the interference of the plurality of damper mechanisms 30, it is possible to deal with displacement in all directions within the horizontal plane.

FIG. 10 shows another example of providing a plurality of damper mechanisms 30 in the building 1 here. In the example shown in FIG. 10 , both the end 33 a connected to the foundation 20 and the end 34 a connected to the upper structure 10 are located away from the center of the building 1 . By arranging the plurality of damper mechanisms 30 (301, 302, 303, 304) at such positions, the torsional rigidity of the seismic isolation layer can be increased. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the rotation of the upper structure when it behaves as a seismic isolation structure. Although four damper mechanisms 30 are used in the example of FIG. 10, the present invention is not limited to this, and the number of damper mechanisms 30 can be changed as appropriate.

The trigger mechanism 40 will be described below.

FIG. 11 is a side view showing part of the building 1 with the trigger mechanism 40, and FIG. 12 shows a plan view. The trigger mechanism 40 includes a connecting member 41 that connects the base 20 as the lower structure and the upper structure 10 .

The connecting member 41 is connected to the foundation 20 by a first connecting portion 41a, and is connected to the upper structure 10 (the steel frame foundation 11 in the illustrated example) by a second connecting portion 41b. The connecting member 41 is configured such that when a horizontal displacement of a predetermined amount or more is applied between the foundation 20 and the upper structure 10, the first connecting portion 41a is disconnected and disconnected. . The connecting member 41 is configured such that when a horizontal displacement of a predetermined amount or more is applied between the foundation 20 and the upper structure 10, the connection of the second connecting portion 41b is released and the connecting member 41 becomes non-connected. You may The connecting member 41 may be made of metal, or may be made of resin such as engineering plastic.

The connecting member 41 is configured such that the horizontal rigidity of the connecting member 41 is greater than the vertical rigidity.

In this example, the connecting member 41 is composed of a plate-like member arranged so as to be substantially parallel to the horizontal plane. In addition, the connecting member 41 of this example has an L shape in a plan view, and the corners of the L shape form a first connecting portion 41a that is connected to the foundation 20. A second connecting portion 41b is connected to the upper structure 10. As shown in FIG.

A trigger base mounting member 43 and a trigger mounting member 44 for mounting the connecting member 41 to the foundation 20 are provided in the first connecting portion 41a of the present example. The trigger base mounting member 43 is made of, for example, a steel plate, and is provided with a trigger pin hole (bolt hole) to which the trigger pin 42 as a connecting member is connected to a projecting portion protruding from the steel plate. The trigger mounting member 44 is made of, for example, a steel plate. A trigger base mounting member 43 is provided on the second connecting portion 41b. Note that the configurations of the first connecting portion 41a and the second connecting portion 41b are not limited to the illustrated example.

The connecting member 41 is not limited to a plate-like member, and may be a rod-like member such as a cylinder or prism. Moreover, although the connecting member 41 of this example has an L shape in a plan view, it is not limited to this, and may have, for example, a rectangular shape or a triangular shape.

The connecting member 41 is connected to the foundation 20 and the upper structure 10 in a state of being elastically deformed so as to be inclined with respect to the horizontal plane. More specifically, it is slightly inclined downward from the second connecting portion 41b on the upper structure 10 side toward the first connecting portion 41a on the foundation 20 side. For example, the second connecting portion 41b and the first connecting portion 41a may be inclined downward so that the heights of the second connecting portion 41b and the first connecting portion 41a differ by about 1 mm to 20 mm. Excessive inclination may make it difficult to obtain the effect of the horizontal rigidity of the connecting member 41 . With such a configuration, when the connecting member 41 is disconnected from the foundation 20 or the upper structure 10 , the connecting member 41 elastically deformed becomes a horizontal state parallel to the horizontal plane due to the restoring force, and the foundation 20 In contrast, when the upper structure 10 is displaced, the connecting member 41 is less likely to interfere with the foundation 20 or the upper structure 10 . As a result, it is possible to prevent damage to the foundation 20 or the upper structure 10 due to contact of the unconnected connecting members 41 .

In this example, the horizontal compressive strength of the connection member 41 is greater than the force (breakage strength) when the connection between the foundation 20 or the upper structure 10 and the connection member 41 is released. With such a configuration, the plate-shaped connecting member 41 is released from the original shape and becomes unconnected. That is, since the connecting member 41 does not buckle, it is possible to reliably break the trigger pin while keeping the rigidity in the vertical direction low.

The connecting member 41 is connected to the foundation 20 at the first connecting portion 41 a by a trigger pin 42 (connecting member) via a trigger base mounting member 43 and a trigger mounting member 44 . Further, the connecting member 41 is connected to the steel frame foundation 11 of the upper structure 10 at the second connecting portion 41b with a bolt 45 via a trigger foundation mounting member 43. As shown in FIG. Trigger pin 42 is a bolt configured to break at a predetermined displacement. A connecting member cut at a predetermined displacement can be, for example, a medium bolt or a high strength bolt (F10T) of strength class 10.9. In this way, by using a bolt that has a high yield ratio and is easily broken brittlely, it is possible to break the bolt with an intended displacement when a predetermined displacement is applied. That is, the precision of the trigger mechanism 40 can be improved. It should be noted that the trigger pin 42 can use bolts other than those described above as long as the bolts have a predetermined yield strength and are less elongated. In addition, members other than bolts can be used as long as they have a predetermined yield strength and little elongation. Further, when a plurality of trigger mechanisms 40 are provided, it is preferable to have a configuration in which when one trigger pin 42 is broken, the other trigger pins 42 are easily broken in succession. If a plurality of trigger pins 42 are not continuously broken and are fixed even at one point, the damper mechanism 30 and sliding support mechanism 50 may not exhibit their intended effects sufficiently.

In the trigger mechanism 40 of the present embodiment, the horizontal rigidity of the connecting member 41 is larger than the vertical rigidity, so that the overturning moment of the upper structure 10 or the like causes the trigger mechanism to move. Even if lift occurs in 40, the tensile energy generated in the trigger pin 42 can be sufficiently negligible from an engineering point of view. Note that the connecting member 41 is deformed in the vertical direction by following the lifting. From a similar point of view, depending on the cross-sectional area and horizontal length of the plate-like member that constitutes the connecting member 41, for example, the horizontal rigidity of the connecting member 41 is 1000 times or more the vertical rigidity. is preferred.

Further, in the trigger mechanism 40 of the present embodiment, since the connection member 41 is made of a plate-like member, it can be manufactured at low cost, so that the cost can be reduced. In addition, by forming the connecting member 41 into a plate-like member and providing it substantially parallel to a horizontal plane (a sliding surface of a slide bearing, which will be described later), the height of the trigger mechanism 40 as a whole can be reduced. can. Further, since the plate-shaped member as the connecting member 41 has low bending rigidity in the out-of-plane direction and high rigidity in the in-plane direction, it is easy to configure the horizontal rigidity to be greater than the vertical rigidity.

The trigger mechanism 40 is preferably provided on the outer periphery of the foundation 20 and the upper structure 10 , so that repair work of the trigger mechanism 40 can be easily performed from the outside of the building 1 . From the same point of view, it is preferable that the outer peripheral edge of the upper surface of the foundation 20 and the outer peripheral edge of the bottom surface of the upper structure 10 have the same shape, and furthermore, the trigger mechanism 40 is installed along the outer peripheral edge. is preferred.

The sliding support mechanism 50 will be described below. The slide bearing mechanism 50 transfers the weight of the upper structure 10 to the foundation 20 while allowing horizontal movement of the upper structure 10 on the foundation 20 .

FIG. 13 is a side view showing a part of the building 1 provided with the slide bearing mechanism 50, and FIG. 14 shows a plan view. The slide bearing mechanism 50 includes a slide bearing 51 fixed to the foundation 20 as the lower structure or the upper structure 10 (steel frame foundation 11). The superstructure 10 is configured to slide on the foundation 20 via sliding bearings 51 . As shown in FIG. 12 , the slide bearing 51 may be fixed to a reinforcing beam 59 fixed to the steel foundation 11 . As shown in FIG. 13 , the sliding bearing 51 in this example is fixed to the upper structure 10 with bolts, but it may be turned upside down and fixed to the foundation 20 .

The slide bearing 51 has a flat plate portion 52 and a recessed portion 53 connected to the flat plate portion 52 . The concave portion 53 is composed of a bottomed tubular portion having an opening on the side of the upper structure 10 to which the sliding bearing 51 is fixed, and has a side portion 54 and a bottom portion 55 . In other words, the concave portion 53 has a shape protruding from the upper structure 10 side toward the foundation 20 . The slide bearing 51 is bolted to the steel frame foundation 11 via a slide bearing mounting member 58 . The sliding bearing mounting member 58 can be made of, for example, a steel plate, but is not limited to this. Further, the slide bearing mounting member 58 is provided with an opening (through hole) for inserting the filler 56 into the recess 53 (space S).

A filling body 56 made of a curable fluid is provided in the space S formed by the recess 53 and the upper structure 10 . The sliding bearing 51 is configured such that the lower surface 55 a of the bottom surface portion 55 that forms the recess 53 slides on the sliding surface 57 a of the cradle 57 provided on the foundation 20 . Note that the size of the bottom portion 55 can be appropriately changed by load calculation. Further, the bolts that fix the sliding bearing 51 to the sliding bearing mounting member 58 are constructed so as not to come into contact with the sliding surface 57a.

The flat plate portion 52 and the recessed portion 53 of the slide bearing 51 are preferably made of a steel plate having a thickness of 1 mm or more. For example, if the steel plate has a thickness of less than 1 mm, it may not be able to withstand the bearing pressure of the bolt. In this case, if the steel plate is 1 mm or more, for example, the upper structure 10 can temporarily float in the vertical direction and have sufficient strength against the impact load when it lands on the ground. Also, if the steel plate is too thick, processing becomes difficult, so the thickness is preferably 5 mm or less. By setting the thickness of the steel sheet to 5 mm or less in this way, it becomes possible to manufacture the steel sheet at a low cost only by press working.

Moreover, the steel plate forming the slide bearing 51 is preferably a galvanized steel plate, stainless steel, or aluminum. Thus, for example, by galvanizing a steel plate, the rust prevention effect is improved and the durability is improved. Also, the plating process can reduce the coefficient of friction between the sliding bearing 51 and the sliding surface 57a of the base 20 to an appropriate value. More specifically, the steel sheet is preferably a hot-dip zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy plated steel sheet.

In addition, it is preferable that the surface (lower surface 55a of the bottom surface portion 55) of the concave portion 53 of the slide bearing 51 slidably contacting the sliding surface 57a of the foundation 20 is subjected to chromate-free conversion treatment. The friction of the sliding surface 57a of the foundation 20 can be reduced by subjecting the lower surface 55a to the chromate-free conversion treatment.

Similarly, the sliding surface 57a of the foundation 20 is preferably made of a steel plate subjected to chromate-free conversion treatment, so that friction with the lower surface 55a of the bottom surface portion 55 of the slide bearing 51 can be reduced. Here, the coefficient of friction between the sliding bearing 51 and the sliding surface 57a can be, for example, 0.05 or more and 0.4 or less. In this case, even if a large horizontal load that causes the trigger to break is applied to the upper structure 10, it is possible to suppress the sliding displacement of the upper structure 10 that has shifted to the seismically isolated state.

The recessed portion 53 has a bottomed cylindrical shape having a side surface portion 54 and a bottom surface portion 55. By closing the opening of the recessed portion 53 with the bottom surface on the upper structure 10 side, it is possible to restrain from all directions, up, down, left, and right. As a result, high compressive strength can be realized with higher precision.

In the slide bearing mechanism 50 of the present embodiment, a high compressive strength is achieved by restraining the periphery of the filling member 56 provided in the concave portion 53 of the slide bearing 51 . As a result, for example, the upper structure 10 can temporarily float in the vertical direction and have sufficient strength against the impact load when it lands.

From the viewpoint of achieving both a high compressive strength by the slide bearing 51 and being inexpensive, the filling body 56 preferably has a compressive strength of 40 N/mm ² or more. More preferably, it consists of a filler.

Moreover, it is preferable to install the trigger mechanism 40 in a place where the lower structure 20 is less flexed (deformed), for example, near the slide bearing mechanism 50 . When the trigger mechanism 40 is installed in a place where the deflection is small and the horizontal state is maintained, the connecting member 41, which is in a horizontal state with respect to the lower structure 20 after the trigger pin 42 is broken, will not move the upper structure 10 or the lower structure. 20 can be prevented, and the effects of the slide bearing mechanism 50 and the damper mechanism 30 can be easily exhibited. damper mechanism

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to inexpensively provide the building 1 with a seismic isolation structure capable of reducing damage to the upper structure without increasing the size of the building as a whole.

The building according to the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the embodiment described above, and can be realized with various configurations without departing from the scope of the claims. For example, the building 1 may be provided with only the damper mechanism 30 without providing the trigger mechanism 40 and the sliding support mechanism 50 , or may be provided with only the damper mechanism 30 and the trigger mechanism 40 . Further, in addition to the damper mechanism 30 or instead of the damper mechanism 30, another damper or the like may be provided.

1: Building 10: Upper structure 11: Steel foundation 20: Foundation (lower structure)
30: Damper mechanism (damper mechanism for seismic isolation structure)
31: Displacement reduction mechanism 32: Displacement suppressing part 33, 34: Horizontal member 33a: End of one horizontal member 34a: End of the other horizontal member 35, 36: Vertical member 37, 38: Connecting member 39: Gap 40 : Trigger mechanism (Trigger mechanism for seismic isolation structure)
41: Connecting member 41a: First connecting part 41b: Second connecting part 42: Trigger pin (connecting member)
43: Trigger foundation mounting member 44: Trigger mounting member 45: Bolt 50: Slide bearing mechanism (sliding bearing mechanism for seismic isolation structure)
51: sliding bearing 52: flat plate portion 53: concave portion 54: side portion 55: bottom portion 55a: lower surface 56: filling body 57: cradle 57a: sliding surface 58: sliding bearing mounting member G: ground L1: lower structure and upper part Displacement (length) between structures
L2: Displacement of displacement suppressor S: Space

Claims (9)

Provided between a lower structure and an upper structure provided above the lower structure,
A connecting member that connects the lower structure and the upper structure,
The connection between the lower structure or the upper structure and the connecting member is released when a displacement of a predetermined amount or more is applied between the lower structure and the upper structure. and
The connecting member is
A plate-shaped member arranged along a horizontal plane from the side of the upper structure to the side of the lower structure, wherein the horizontal rigidity of the connection member is greater than the vertical rigidity of the connection member. nine,
A trigger mechanism for a seismic isolation structure, which is connected to the lower structure and the upper structure while being elastically deformed in a direction inclined with respect to a horizontal plane . 2. The trigger mechanism for a seismic isolation structure according to claim 1, wherein said connecting member is configured such that said horizontal rigidity is 1000 times or more greater than said vertical rigidity. 3. The seismic isolation structure according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal compressive strength of said connecting member is greater than the force when the connection between said lower structure or said upper structure and said connecting member is released. trigger mechanism. 4. The connecting member according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , further comprising a connecting member that connects the lower structure or the upper structure and the connecting member, and the connecting member is configured to be cut at a predetermined displacement. Trigger mechanism for seismic isolation structure described in . 5. The arrangement structure of the seismic isolation structure trigger mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the seismic isolation structure trigger mechanism is provided at outer peripheral edges of the lower structure and the upper structure. Provided between a lower structure and an upper structure provided above the lower structure,
a sliding bearing fixed to the lower structure or the upper structure;
the upper structure is configured to slide on the lower structure via the slide bearing;
The slide bearing has a bottom surface protruding from the lower structure or the upper structure to which the slide bearing is fixed so as to protrude toward the other so as to be in contact with the other, and having a recess that forms a space between the lower structure or the upper structure on the side where the
A sliding bearing mechanism for a seismic isolation structure, wherein the space is provided with a filling body made of a hardening fluid. The slide bearing mechanism for a seismic isolation structure according to claim 6 , wherein said filler has a compressive strength of 40 N/ ^mm2 or more. a trigger mechanism for a seismic isolation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ;
A building comprising the slide bearing mechanism for a seismic isolation structure according to claim 6 or 7 . a trigger mechanism for a seismic isolation structure;
A slide bearing mechanism for a seismic isolation structure according to claim 6 or 7,
The trigger mechanism for seismic isolation structure,
Provided between a lower structure and an upper structure provided above the lower structure,
A connecting member that connects the lower structure and the upper structure,
The connection between the lower structure or the upper structure and the connecting member is released when a displacement of a predetermined amount or more is applied between the lower structure and the upper structure. and
The connecting member is a plate-like member arranged along a horizontal plane from the side of the upper structure to the side of the lower structure. Greater than rigid, building.

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