JP7152167B2 - Power management device and power management program - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a power management apparatus and a power management program that manage a unit consumer power system that includes a plurality of electric devices, a renewable energy generator and a power storage device, and is connected to the power system.

When the current FIT (Feed-in Tariff) system, which stipulates the purchase price of energy by law, ends, it is predicted that the purchase price of electricity generated by self-generated electricity such as solar power generation will drop. Therefore, it is required to self-supply and demand self-generated power without selling it. However, power generation by renewable energy such as photovoltaic power generation has the characteristic that the amount of power generated tends to fluctuate due to the influence of the natural environment.
In order to cope with such a situation, it is expected that the number of households and businesses that have power storage devices as well as in-house power generators will increase.

Appropriately manage the consumption by the power load for each household and each business operator (hereinafter referred to as a unit consumer in this specification, and the power system managed by each unit consumer is called the unit consumer power system) In addition, it is becoming important to intelligently manage privately generated electricity. On the other hand, it is also important to realize economical energy operation.

In relation to this, the following technique has been proposed (see Patent Document 1, for example). That is, it notifies the user of devices that can be used within the range of surplus power, and controls the operation of those devices. In Patent Document 1, a power generation value, a power consumption value of a plurality of device groups, and an operating state of each device are acquired, and the necessary power value required for operation of each device is stored in advance. Among the devices whose required power value is smaller than the surplus power value calculated based on at least the generated power value and the power consumption value of the device group, the device whose operating state is not in operation is the usable device. do. Then, the information on the available devices is output with priority given to the devices that are frequently used.

Japanese Patent No. 5651525

In Patent Document 1, usable equipment is selected by comparing a surplus power value calculated based on a generated power value at a certain point in time and a power consumption value of a group of devices with a required power value required for operation of each device. output.
However, even if there is surplus power at a certain time and the home appliances can be operated, the amount of power generated by renewable energy tends to fluctuate, and surplus power cannot always be secured. Therefore, even if the surplus power is used to start the operation, it may be necessary to purchase power from the electric power company as time passes.

When operating a device using the energy stored in a storage battery, that is, surplus energy, if the remaining amount of the storage battery is not properly managed, it may become necessary to purchase power from an electric power company.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in consideration of the circumstances as described above. Offer a program.

The present invention is a device for managing a unit consumer power system connected to a power system, including a plurality of electric devices, a power generation device using renewable energy, and a power storage device, wherein the energy generated by the power generation device is a charge/discharge control unit that controls the power storage device so as to store surplus energy after subtracting the energy consumed by the operation of the electric device; a registration unit for accepting registration of an electrical device to start operation using the stored surplus energy or to send a notice of operability to a user together with registration of the operating time of the electrical device; and a storage unit for pre-storing predicted power consumption or predicted power consumption when a device operates.

From a different point of view, the present invention also provides a program for managing a unit consumer electric power system connected to an electric power system, including a plurality of electric devices, a power generator using renewable energy, and a power storage device, wherein the power is generated by the power generator. a charging/discharging process for controlling the power storage device so as to store surplus energy obtained by subtracting the energy consumed by the operation of each electrical device from the energy obtained, and the magnitude of the surplus energy stored in the power storage device are determined in advance. a registration process of accepting registration of an electrical device that should start operating using the stored surplus energy by exceeding a threshold value or that should send a notice of operability to a user together with registration of the operating time of the electrical device; and a storage process for pre-storing the predicted power consumption or the predicted power consumption amount when the electric appliance having the power consumption is operated.

When the amount of surplus energy stored in the power storage device reaches or exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the power management device according to the present invention starts operation using the stored surplus energy or notifies the user that the operation is possible. a registration unit that receives registration of an electrical device to be sent together with a registration of the operating time of the electrical device; Since it is provided, it is possible to realize a power management device capable of appropriately managing the energy stored in the storage battery and operating the device within the range of surplus energy.
The power management program according to the present invention also has similar effects.

1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a unit consumer power system according to one embodiment of the present invention; FIG. (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1B is a block diagram showing a configuration of a unit consumer power system different from that in FIG. 1A; FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a registration screen displayed on the portable information terminal in one embodiment of the present invention; (Embodiment 1) FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an aspect of a registration screen different from that of FIG. 2; 4 is a flow chart showing processing executed by a control device as an operation management unit in one embodiment of the present invention. (Embodiment 1) FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a different registration example of the priority list shown in FIG. 2; 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a different registration example of the priority list shown in FIG. 5; FIG. (Embodiment 2) FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a priority list in a mode different from that in FIG. 2; (Embodiment 4) FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a manner in which the setting of the threshold value related to the magnitude of surplus energy is changed according to the charging speed of the storage battery in one embodiment of the present invention; (Embodiment 8)

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the following description is illustrative in all respects and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
(Embodiment 1)
≪Configuration of unit consumer power system≫
First, a configuration example of a unit consumer power system according to this embodiment will be described.
FIG. 1A is a block diagram showing the configuration of a unit consumer power system according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1A, the unit consumer power system 11 according to this embodiment includes a photovoltaic power generation device 13, a storage battery 15, home appliances 17-1 to 17-n, a power conditioner 19 and a control device 21. It is connected to system 23 . The power conditioner 19 is also called PCS, which stands for Power Conditioning System.

In FIG. 1A, P _PV is the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation device 13, P _bat is the power of the storage battery 15 (positive when discharging, negative when charging), and power consumed by the home appliances 17-1 to 17-n is P _L1 to P _Ln . Furthermore, the input/output power of the power conditioner is indicated by P _PCS , and the power transmitted and received from the power system is indicated by P _s .
The photovoltaic power generation device 13 includes a solar cell and supplies DC power generated by the solar cell to the power conditioner 19 . The DC/DC converter 19a of the power conditioner 19 converts the DC power supplied from the solar power generation device 13 into a predetermined voltage. The DC/DC converter 19a is unidirectional from the photovoltaic generator 13 and blocks power flow in the reverse direction.

The storage battery 15 includes, for example, a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery. The DC/DC converter 19b of the power conditioner 19 converts the DC voltage from the storage battery 15 into a predetermined voltage during discharging, and outputs the voltage to the home appliances 17-1 to 17-n and the power system 23 via the bidirectional inverter 19c. do. During charging, the voltage from the photovoltaic power generation device 13 and/or the electric power system 23 is converted into a DC voltage of suitable magnitude for charging and supplied to the storage battery 15 to charge the storage battery 15 . The DC/DC converter 19b is bi-directional.

The bi-directional inverter 19c converts the DC voltage output from the photovoltaic power generation device 13 or the storage battery 15 through the DC/DC converter into an AC voltage having a predetermined voltage and a predetermined frequency. Also, the AC voltage from the electric power system 23 is converted into a DC voltage and provided to the storage battery 15 side.
An example of the predetermined voltage on the AC side of the bidirectional inverter 19c is approximately 100 V, and an example of the predetermined frequency is 50 Hz or 60 Hz, but the present invention is not limited to these. Anything that matches the voltage and frequency of the power system 23 may be used.

A DC/AC inverter and an AC/DC converter may be used instead of the bi-directional inverter 19c of FIG. 1A. FIG. 1B is a block diagram showing a mode in which a DC/AC inverter 19d and an AC/DC converter 19e are connected in anti-parallel instead of the bidirectional inverter 19c of FIG. 1A.
Although the controller 21 and the power conditioner 19 are shown separately in FIG. 1A, they may be integrated.

The control device 21 controls the DC/DC converter 19 b to supply the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation device 13 to the storage battery 15 and the power system 23 . Also, by controlling the DC/DC converter 19b, the direction of charge/discharge and discharge of the storage battery 15 and the amount of electric power thereof are controlled.
The control device 21 includes a CPU as a hardware resource, a memory, an input/output circuit, a communication interface circuit, and a timer circuit. Further, it functionally includes a registration unit 21a, a communication unit 21b, a charge/discharge control unit 21c, and an operation management unit 21d. Furthermore, an error storage unit 21e may be included.

The control device 21 stores the operation and power consumption history of each home appliance in a memory (not shown in FIG. 1A).
Further, the control device 21 acquires the generated power P _PV of the photovoltaic power generation device 13 and the charge/discharge power P _bat of the storage battery 15 from the PCS 19 . Also, it communicates with each of the electrical appliances 17-1 to 17-n to acquire their power consumption P _L1 to P _Ln . Furthermore, a sensor is used to acquire the transmitted/received power P _s from the power system. Based on the acquired information, the surplus power is calculated by subtracting the total power consumption P _L1 to P _Ln of the electrical appliances 17-1 to 17-n from the power P _PV generated by the photovoltaic power generation device 13 . Then, the amount of surplus power accumulated in the storage battery 15 over time, that is, the remaining capacity of the storage battery 15 is calculated and managed. The remaining capacity is also the amount of surplus energy accumulated in the storage battery 15 . Note that the control device 21 may acquire the remaining capacity of the storage battery 15 by communicating with the PCS.
Further, the control device 21 acquires the operating state of each of the electrical appliances 17-1 to 17-n as to whether they are operating or not.
In this embodiment, the operating state of each home appliance and acquisition of information are performed by communication between the control device 21 and each home appliance via power lines or radio.

≪Charging and discharging control of power storage device≫
In this embodiment, the control device 21 uses the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation device 13 as much as possible for the power consumed by the home appliances 17-1 to 17-n, and stores the power that cannot be consumed in the storage battery 15. control to perform self-supply and demand. When the storage battery 15 is fully charged, it is supplied to the electric power system 23 and sold, but in this specification, it is assumed that the unit price of the sold electricity is lower than the unit price of the purchased electricity. Therefore, the control device 21 performs control so as to self-consume or store the power generated by the solar power generation device 13 as much as possible, and to suppress power sales.

In relation to the control that prioritizes self-consumption of electric power, the control device 21 controls the electric home appliances 17-1 to 17- to be operated when surplus electric power is continuously generated and the surplus energy is accumulated in the storage battery 15. Let the user register n in advance.
Here, as described above, the surplus power is power obtained by subtracting the sum of the power consumption P _L1 to P _Ln of the electrical appliances 17-1 to 17-n from the power P _PV generated by the photovoltaic power generation device 13 . The control device 21 controls to charge the storage battery 15 when surplus power is generated.
The amount of surplus energy stored in the storage battery 15 is calculated as the product of the amount of surplus power generated at each time point and the period.

≪Device Registration≫
Described below is the registration of a home appliance that is to be operated when surplus energy is accumulated.
In this embodiment, it is assumed that the registration of the home appliance is executed by the user operating the mobile information terminal 31 . However, the device used for registration is not limited to the mobile information terminal. For example, registration may be performed on the screen of a dedicated controller. Alternatively, a personal computer or a television may be used instead of the portable information terminal. The portable information terminal 31 communicates with the control device 21 via the communication section 21b.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a registration screen displayed on the portable information terminal 31 by the control device 21 as the registration unit 21a in this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the registration screen displays a list of home appliances available for the user among the home appliances 17-1 to 17-n. The user can select, from the home appliance list, home appliances that he/she wishes to operate when the storage battery 15 accumulates a predetermined amount of surplus energy or more, and register them in the priority list.
The vertical direction of the priority list shown in FIG. 2 indicates the magnitude of the priority, and the smaller the value, the higher the priority. In the horizontal direction of the priority list shown in FIG. 2, home electric appliances to be registered and their operation time and power consumption are displayed.

In the example of FIG. 2, the liquid crystal television is already registered as the first priority (highest priority). Its operating time is 6 hours and its projected power consumption over its operating period is 600 Watt-hours (Wh). LED illumination has been registered as the second priority. Its operating time is 6 hours and its power consumption is 300 Wh.
When the user wishes to register a new home appliance, he or she selects the home appliance to be registered from the home appliance list. In the example of FIG. 2, the user wishes to newly register an air conditioner and has selected the corresponding check box. Below the home appliance list, "household appliance air conditioner" is displayed in response to an operation for selecting an air conditioner. Then, blank fields are displayed for inputting operation time and priority.

When the user presses the "Register" button after inputting the operation time and priority to be registered, the air conditioner is registered. "Air conditioner" is displayed at the priority specified by the user in the priority list. The entered operating time is also displayed. The power consumption item displays a predicted value calculated by the control device 21 based on the power consumption history of the air conditioner stored in the memory.
As described above, the user can use the registration screen displayed on the mobile information terminal 31 to register home appliances along with their priority and operating time.
It should be noted that the registration screen shown in FIG. 2 shows an example in which home appliances that are desired to be operated even without a predetermined amount of surplus energy are registered in the priority list. It can be said that the LED lighting is a household appliance that is desired to be operated at night regardless of the presence or absence of surplus energy. Similarly, a liquid crystal television can be said to be a home appliance that the user wants to operate when a program that the user likes is broadcast.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a form of a registration screen different from that of FIG. A different point from FIG. 2 is that home electric appliances to be operated only with surplus power are registered. The operating procedure for registration is the same as in FIG.
In the example shown in FIG. 3, the home appliances registered in the priority list are an air purifier and a humidifier. These home appliances are home appliances that are operated when a predetermined amount of surplus energy is accumulated in the storage battery 15 . Furthermore, a "vacuum cleaner" is selected from the home appliance list and is about to be registered. This "vacuum cleaner" is a so-called cleaning robot that autonomously runs and cleans, and performs cleaning as needed when surplus energy reaches a predetermined amount.

In the home appliance list in FIG. 3, liquid crystal televisions and LED lighting are displayed in the same way as in FIG. As described above, liquid crystal televisions and LED lighting can be said to be home appliances that should be operated even if a predetermined amount of excess energy has not been accumulated. Therefore, for example, the control device 21 may make the display modes of both different so that the user can easily distinguish between them. Specifically, for example, it is conceivable to use different colors and densities, or different fonts and character sizes.

Furthermore, it is conceivable not only to simply change the display mode, but also to display a confirmation message when a check is entered in the check box so as to double-check. In other words, even if a predetermined amount of surplus energy is not accumulated, when a home appliance classified in advance as a home appliance to be operated is selected, a message is displayed to prompt the user to confirm that there is no mistake.
It is also conceivable to list only the home appliances that the user wants to operate even if a predetermined amount of surplus energy is not accumulated in the home appliance list, without displaying the home appliances that the user wants to operate even if the surplus energy is not accumulated in the predetermined amount. . However, there is an aspect that it is difficult to uniformly distinguish between the two, and it may change depending on the user or situation.

≪Operation management of home appliances≫
FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing processing executed by the control device 21 as the operation management unit 21d in this embodiment. The processing will be explained along the flowchart.
The control device 21 as the operation management unit 21d successively compares whether or not the magnitude of the surplus energy accumulated in the storage battery 15 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold (step S11).
When the accumulated surplus energy reaches the threshold value or more (Yes in step S11), the home appliances registered in the priority list are targeted in descending order of priority (step S13) and the following processes are performed.

If the home appliance of the target order is already in operation (step S15), the home appliance is skipped without being processed (No in step S15), and the target is changed to the home appliance of the next order (step S17). ).
The power consumption (predicted value) related to the priority list is referred to for the target home appliance. It is determined whether or not the power consumption is within the range of the surplus energy accumulated in the storage battery 15 (step S19). If it is larger than the accumulated surplus energy, the process ends here (No in step S19). At that time, the portable information terminal 31 may be notified of the reason for terminating the process.
If it is within the range of the accumulated surplus energy (Yes in step S19), the control device 21 performs the following process.

It is determined whether or not the target home appliance is permitted to be controlled to start and stop operation by the control device 21 (step S21). If the start and stop of operation can be controlled (Yes in step S21), the target home appliance is operated (step S23). In the example shown in FIG. 2, it can be said that the home appliance corresponds to LED lighting. However, if the LED illumination is operated at night, the control device 21 waits for a predetermined time before operating the LED illumination. Of the surplus energy stored in the storage battery 15, the energy required for LED lighting is secured until the reserved time arrives.

On the other hand, if the target home appliance is to be operated and driven by the user, the mobile information terminal 31 notifies the user that the target home appliance can operate with the surplus energy (step S25). . A home appliance that should be operated and driven by a user is, for example, a home appliance that the user himself/herself wants to decide when to operate. In the example shown in FIG. 2, it can be said that a liquid crystal television corresponds to the home electric appliance. When the user who has received the notification operates the target home appliance, the information relating to the power consumption is acquired. Of the surplus energy stored in the storage battery 15, the energy necessary for the liquid crystal television is secured until the timing when the user turns on the switch of the liquid crystal television.

As the operation management unit 21d, the control device 21 refers to the order list again and checks whether or not there is another home appliance registered with a lower priority than the target home appliance (step S27). If there is no home appliance registered in the lower priority order, the process is terminated (No in step S27),
On the other hand, if there is a home appliance registered with lower priority (Yes in step S27), the control device 21 determines the next home appliance to be targeted (step S29). Then, the process proceeds to step S15, and the same process is executed for the new target home appliance. Here, the amount of surplus energy accumulated in step S19 is treated as follows. That is, the amount of surplus energy is obtained by subtracting (predicted value of) the power consumption registered in the priority list for the home appliance that started operation in step S23 or notified in step S25. After that, it is determined whether or not it is within the range.

As described above, the home appliances registered in the priority list are processed in order of priority.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a different registration example of the priority list shown in FIG.
In the case of Fig. 5, the air purifier comes first, the humidifier second, the vacuum cleaner third, the air conditioner fourth, the electric kettle fifth, and the washer/dryer sixth. Registered.
For example, in FIG. 5, when the surplus energy accumulated in the storage battery 15 reaches 3 kilowatt hours (kWh), the operation management unit 21d executes the process of operating the registered home appliances. In this case, the operation management unit 21d executes the processes of steps S15 to S25 shown in FIG. 4 for the air cleaner with the highest priority to operate the air cleaner.

Furthermore, the operation management unit 21d similarly performs the processes of steps S15 to S25 to operate the humidifier having the next priority. Here, the surplus energy in the determination in step S19 is 1.2 (kWh) obtained by subtracting 1.8 (kWh) of the power consumption of the air purifier that has already been operated from the initial 3 (kWh). Since the humidifier's power consumption of 65 Wh is much smaller than that, the operation management unit 21d operates the humidifier.
Subsequently, the operation management unit 21d similarly performs the processes of steps S15 to S25 to operate the vacuum cleaner (cleaning robot) having the next priority. Here, the surplus energy in the judgment in step S19 is obtained by subtracting the total power consumption of the air purifier and humidifier that have already been operated from the initial 3 (kWh). That is, 3-(1.8+0.065)=1.135 (kWh). Since 100 Wh of power consumption of the cleaner is smaller than that, the operation management unit 21d operates the cleaner.

The operation management unit 21d similarly executes the processes of steps S15 to S25 for the next priority air conditioner. Here, the surplus energy in the determination in step S19 is the initial 3 (kWh) minus the total power consumption of the air purifier, humidifier and vacuum cleaner that have already been operated. That is, 3-(1.8+0.065+0.1)=1.035 (kWh). Since 4000 Wh, which is the power consumption of the air conditioner, is larger than that, the operation management unit 21d terminates the process without operating the air conditioner.

Here, assume that the initial magnitude of the surplus energy stored in the storage battery 15 is 6 (kWh). In that case, the surplus energy is 4.035 (kWh) even after subtracting the total power consumption of the air purifier, humidifier and vacuum cleaner that have already been operated. Since 4000 Wh, which is the power consumption of the air conditioner, is smaller than that, the operation management unit 21d operates the air conditioner.
For the next priority electric pot, the total power consumption of the air purifier, humidifier, vacuum cleaner and air conditioner in operation is 5.965 (kWh). The surplus energy after subtracting it is 35 (Wh). Since 420 (Wh) of electric power consumption of the electric pot is larger than that, the operation management unit 21d terminates the process without operating the electric pot.

(Embodiment 2)
A plurality of priority lists may be prepared for each time of day, day of the week, season, or period.
For example, it is conceivable that home appliances to be preferentially operated may differ depending on the time period. Multiple priority lists can accommodate such user needs.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing different registerability of the priority list shown in FIG. FIG. 6 shows two priority lists, each applied to a different time period.
The first priority list is a priority list that applies to the time period from 12:00 to 14:59. Since the period in which this priority list is applied is 3 hours, the operating time of the registered electric home appliance is 3 hours or less.
The second priority list is the priority list that applies to the time period from 15:00 to 17:59.
For example, a vacuum cleaner is on the first priority list, but not on the second priority list. The electric kettle is listed at 5th priority on the first priority list, but is listed at 4th priority on the second priority list.
In this manner, different priority lists can be prepared depending on when the home appliance is desired to be operated to meet the detailed needs of the user.

(Embodiment 3)
Up to this point, it was assumed that the electric home appliances were operated based on the judgment as to whether or not the magnitude of the accumulated surplus energy reached a fixed threshold value (for example, the storage battery 15 was fully charged). may be set by the user so that the setting can be changed.

(Embodiment 4)
The threshold may be set for each registered home appliance.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a priority list different from the priority list shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, compared with FIG. 2, a threshold value related to the amount of residual energy stored in the storage battery 15 is added to the registration items of each home appliance.
According to this aspect, as in the first embodiment, the operation management unit 21d determines the home appliances registered in the priority list in descending order of priority.
Then, the following processing is performed corresponding to the processing of step S19 in FIG. 4 in the first embodiment.
For home appliances to be determined, the operation management unit 21d operates home appliances with higher priority registered in the priority order list, and the remaining amount of the storage battery in anticipation of the power consumption is the threshold value (priority list remaining amount of storage battery registered in ).
For example, assume that the fully charged capacity of the storage battery 15 is 3 (kWh). In that case, the operation management unit 21d makes a determination as follows for the air purifier with the first priority.
Since the air purifier is the highest priority home appliance, there is no home appliance that should be expected to work. Therefore, it is determined whether or not the current remaining battery capacity of 3 (kWh) is equal to or greater than the threshold for the remaining battery capacity registered in the priority list.
The remaining amount of the storage battery related to the registered threshold is 3 (kWh)×50/100=1.5 (kWh) (see FIG. 7 for the registered remaining amount of the storage battery).
Since 3 (kWh)≧1.5 (kWh), the operation management unit 21d operates the air cleaner.
Next, the operation management unit 21d determines as follows for the second priority humidifier.
When the air purifier with the higher priority operates, the remaining capacity of the storage battery 15 is estimated to be 2.1 (kWh) by subtracting 900 (Wh) from 3 (kWh). That is, the remaining amount of the storage battery, which takes into account the power consumption of the air purifier with higher priority, is 2.1 (kWh).
The remaining amount of storage battery related to the registered threshold for the humidifier is 3 (kWh)×30/100=0.9 (kWh) (see FIG. 7).
Since 2.1 (kWh)≧0.9 (kWh), the operation management unit 21d operates the humidifier in addition to the air purifier.
Subsequently, the operation management unit 21d determines as follows for the vacuum cleaner with the third priority.
The remaining amount of the storage battery, which takes into account the operation of the air purifier and humidifier with higher priority, is expected to be 2.061 (kWh) by subtracting 900+39 (Wh) from 3 (kWh).
The remaining amount of storage battery related to the registered threshold for the cleaner is 3 (kWh)×30/100=0.9 (kWh) (see FIG. 7).
Since 2.061 (kWh)≧0.9 (kWh), the operation management unit 21d further operates the cleaner.
Subsequently, the operation management unit 21d determines as follows for the vacuum cleaner with the third priority.
Taking into account the operation of the air purifier, humidifier and vacuum cleaner with higher priority, the remaining amount of the storage battery is expected to be 1.961 (kWh) by subtracting 900+39+100 (Wh) from 3 (kWh).
The remaining amount of storage battery related to the threshold value registered for the vacuum cleaner is 3 (kWh)×80/100=2.4 (kWh) (see FIG. 7).
1.961 (kWh)<2.4 (kWh).
Therefore, the operation management unit 21d terminates the process without operating the air conditioner.
As a different aspect, the following processing can be considered.
Assume now that the remaining capacity of the storage battery is 30% or more and less than 50%. The operation management unit 21d skips the air purifier whose threshold is higher than the current remaining amount of the storage battery, and performs operations similar to steps S15 to S25 shown in FIG. Execute the process. Skip the air conditioner with the fourth priority and the electric pot with the fifth priority. In other words, the processing is skipped for home appliances whose surplus energy accumulated in the storage battery 15 has not reached the remaining amount of the storage battery registered in the priority list.

Eventually, when the remaining amount of the storage battery reaches a state of 50% or more and less than 80%, the operation management unit 21d performs the processing without skipping the air purifier with the first priority and the electric pot with the fifth priority. . However, the air conditioner with the fourth priority is skipped. This is because the surplus energy accumulated in the battery 15 has not reached 80% of the remaining battery capacity registered in the priority list.
When the surplus energy accumulated in the battery 15 reaches 80%, the air conditioner is also processed without being skipped.

(Embodiment 5)
In the first embodiment, the processing of step S19 shown in FIG. 4 is performed if the electric power consumption registered in the priority list for the target home appliance is not within the range of accumulated surplus energy (No in step S19). Home appliances that have finished and are registered at a lower priority will not operate.
In this embodiment, if the determination in step S19 shown in FIG. 4 is No, only the home appliances registered in the next priority order (or not only the next priority order but also the predetermined number of lower priority orders ), processes similar to steps S15 to S25 are executed.

This is because when a home appliance with a large amount of power consumption is registered, there is little possibility that a home appliance with a small amount of power consumption registered in the next priority order will operate.
However, if this is extended to lower priority levels without limit, electrical appliances with low power consumption will operate preferentially and the priority level will be meaningless. be.
For example, in the case where the home appliances shown in FIG. 5 are registered in the priority list, when the surplus energy accumulated in the storage battery 15 becomes 3 (kWh) or more, the operation management unit 21d changes the step of FIG. Consider a case where the same processing as that after S13 is executed. According to the first embodiment, the air purifier, the humidifier and the vacuum cleaner are operated, but for the air conditioner, the processing corresponding to step S19 in FIG. 4 is judged as No, and the processing ends.

On the other hand, according to this embodiment, the operation management unit 21d compares the power consumption registered in the priority list with the surplus energy only for the electric pot, which is next in priority to the air conditioner, for example.
In that case, the surplus energy is the initial 3 (kWh) minus the sum of the power consumption of the air purifier, humidifier and vacuum cleaner that have already been operated. That is, 3-(1.8+0.065+0.1)=1.035 (kWh). Since 4000 Wh, which is the power consumption of the air conditioner, is larger than that, the operation management unit 21d does not operate the air conditioner, but further compares the electric pot. Since the power consumption of the electric pot of 420 Wh is smaller than that, the operation management unit 21d causes the electric pot to operate by performing the same processes as steps S21 to S25 in FIG. 4, and ends the process.

(Embodiment 6)
In the description so far, the operation management unit 21d determines whether or not the surplus energy accumulated in the storage battery 15 can cover all of the power consumption (predicted value) of the home appliance to be operated. That is, it is assumed that the energy already stored in the storage battery 15 covers all the power consumption.
However, from the point of time of determination, surplus power will be generated even while home appliances are in operation. In some cases, the generated surplus power can be used to operate home appliances with lower priority. That is, while it is certain to determine whether or not the home appliance can operate based on the energy already stored in the storage battery 15, it can be said that there is an aspect of having too much leeway.

In this embodiment, the surplus power generated after the determination and the surplus energy already stored in the storage battery 15 are used to operate the home appliances in descending order of priority. As for the amount of surplus power generated, if the record of the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation device 13 and the record of power consumption of the registered home appliances are stored in advance as a history in the memory, the past data stored in the memory can be obtained. Surplus power can be predicted by referring to actual results. The amount of surplus power is calculated as the product of the predicted surplus power and the registered operating time of the home appliance.
The operation management unit 21d determines whether or not the power consumption (the predicted value) of the electrical equipment to be operated can be covered within the total range of the calculated predicted surplus power and the surplus energy accumulated in the storage battery 15. to decide.

The above-described mode is intended to operate a large number of home electric appliances by considering surplus power in addition to the energy accumulated in the storage battery 15 . As a different aspect, it is also possible to secure the remaining amount of the storage battery 15 in anticipation of surplus power.
That is, the predicted power consumption of each operating home appliance is covered by the predicted surplus power and the surplus energy stored in the storage battery 15, and the surplus energy stored in the storage battery 15 of the predicted power consumption is used. This is a mode for judging which home appliance to operate so as to keep the ratio below a predetermined value.

For example, the capacity of the storage battery 15 is 3 (kWh), 50% of which, 1.5 (kWh), is used for power consumption by the operation of home appliances, and the remaining 50% is reserved for nighttime use. shall be
Assume that the predicted power consumption of the home appliance registered in the priority list is 1.0 (kWh) during a certain time zone other than nighttime. Assume that the predicted surplus power amount in that time period is 600 (Wh). In such a case, 400 (Wh) of the surplus energy stored in the storage battery 15 is a predicted value that is predicted to be consumed by the home appliance.

Since the predicted value is smaller than the storage battery capacity considering the usage ratio, that is, 1.5 (kWh), the operation management unit 21d determines that the electric home appliance is operable.
However, it is assumed that the predicted power consumption of the next-ranked home appliance is 1.8 (kWh). When combined with the predicted value of 400 (Wh) for the above-mentioned operable household appliance to consume the surplus energy of the storage battery 15, 2.2 (kWh) is required. However, the total value is larger than the storage battery capacity of 1.5 (kWh) considering the usage ratio. Therefore, the operation management unit 21d determines that the next-ranked home appliance is not operable.

The usage rate of the storage battery may be a fixed set value, or may be set and changed by the user. The usage ratio of the storage battery can be set within a range of 0 to 100%.
A setting of 100% corresponds to not anticipating surplus power. That is, it can be said that the conditions are the same as those of the first to fifth embodiments.
A setting of 0% corresponds to covering all of the predicted power consumption with the predicted surplus power. In that case, the surplus energy stored in the storage battery 15 is used to make up for the difference between the predicted power consumption and the predicted surplus power.

(Embodiment 7)
In Embodiment 6, the surplus power amount and the surplus energy already stored in the storage battery 15 are used to determine whether or not the registered home appliance can be operated. However, since renewable energy generators such as the photovoltaic power generator 13 are likely to fluctuate due to factors such as the natural environment, there will be some error between the amount of surplus power predicted at the time of judgment and the actual amount of power generated. is normal. This is called prediction error.

Although it is impossible to reduce the forecast error to zero, it is possible to estimate the magnitude of the error by referring to past performance.
In this embodiment, the operation management unit 21d determines whether or not the registered electric home appliances can be operated within the range of the predicted value of the surplus power amount in consideration of the prediction error.
For example, if the magnitude of the prediction error is estimated to be about 20% from the past performance, the value obtained by subtracting the 20% prediction error from the predicted value of the surplus power is applied to the surplus power to operate the home appliance. to determine whether or not
In this way, it is possible to reduce the possibility of power purchases occurring due to prediction errors.

(Embodiment 8)
In the sixth embodiment, it is determined whether or not the home appliance registered including the surplus power can be operated.
In this embodiment, the setting of the threshold value related to the amount of surplus energy stored in the storage battery 15 is changed according to the charging speed of charging the storage battery with surplus power immediately before the determination time.
In Embodiment 3 described above, the user can set and change the threshold, but in this embodiment, the threshold is set according to the charging speed of the storage battery 15 instead of being set by the user.
Specifically, the faster the charging speed, the lower the threshold is set (see FIG. 8). This is because it is assumed that the faster the charging speed, the larger the amount of surplus power that will be generated thereafter.

As mentioned above,
(i) A power management device according to the present invention is a device that includes a plurality of electric devices, a power generation device using renewable energy, and a power storage device, and manages a unit consumer power system connected to the power system, wherein the power generation device a charge/discharge control unit for controlling the power storage device to store surplus energy obtained by subtracting the energy consumed by the operation of each electrical device from the energy generated by the A registration that accepts a registration of an electrical device that should start operating using stored excess energy by exceeding a predetermined threshold or send a notification to the user that it is ready for operation, along with a registration of the operating time of the electrical device. and a storage unit for pre-storing predicted power consumption or predicted power consumption when the registered electric device operates.

In the present invention, the unit consumer power system is a power system owned by consumers who individually enter into power supply contracts with service providers of the power system, and is connected to the power system. A specific aspect thereof is, for example, a power system of a home or a business.
In addition, renewable energy power generators are private power generators represented by solar power generators, but are not limited to solar power generators, and include wind power generators and other power generators using renewable energy. You can. The photovoltaic power generation device in the above embodiment corresponds to the power generation device using renewable energy of the present invention.

Furthermore, a power storage device is a device that accumulates electric energy, represented by a storage battery. The type of storage battery does not matter. The storage battery in the above-described embodiments corresponds to a power storage device.
Power equipment broadly refers to equipment that consumes power, regardless of the type. The home appliances in the above-described embodiments correspond to the power equipment of the present invention.

A power system is a power network provided by a service provider having power generation equipment, power transmission and distribution equipment, etc. to supply power to an area. The service provider not only supplies power to the unit consumers, but also buys the power generated by the unit consumers. Therefore, not only power transmission from the power system side to the unit consumer side but also power transmission from the unit consumer side to the power system side is performed.

The power management device can be composed of, for example, a CPU, a memory, an input/output circuit, a communication interface circuit, a timer circuit, and the like. In the above-described embodiments, the control device corresponds to the power management device of this invention. Furthermore, the power management device may include a power conditioner. The control device 21 in the above-described embodiment corresponds to the power management device of this invention. Furthermore, the power management device may include a power conditioner.

Furthermore, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described.
(ii) Triggered by the amount of surplus energy stored in the power storage device becoming equal to or greater than the threshold, the predicted power consumption, which is the product of the predicted power consumption stored in the storage unit and the operating time, is increased to the above Operation management that determines whether or not the electrical equipment is operable within the range of surplus energy related to the threshold, and if there is one or more applicable electrical equipment, starts operation or sends a notification to the user that it is operable A unit may be further provided, wherein the registration unit allows a user to designate a priority order of the electric devices to be registered and accepts the registration, and the operation management unit may make the determination in order of priority.
In this way, it is possible to search for electrical devices whose predicted power consumption is operable within the range of surplus energy related to the threshold in descending order of priority and to operate them, or to notify the user that they are operable. .

(iii) The registration unit may accept registrations so that the user can specify whether or not to register and different priorities depending on when the electric device to be registered is to be operated.
In this way, different times of the day, for example, can be set to different priorities. Alternatively, different days of the week, for example, can be set to different priorities. Alternatively, different seasons of the year, for example, can be set to different priorities.

(iv) The registration unit may receive at least one of setting or changing the threshold by a user.
In this way, the user can set an appropriate threshold according to the type of electrical equipment and the desired operating time.

(v) The threshold may be determined according to each electrical device.
By doing so, it is possible to set an appropriate threshold according to the type of each electrical device and the desired operating time.

(vi) When determining whether the predicted power consumption corresponds to an electrical device capable of operating within the range of surplus energy according to the threshold, the operation management unit determines whether the predicted power consumption meets the threshold. It is further determined whether or not the predicted power consumption is operable within the range of surplus energy according to the threshold for the electrical device registered in the priority next to the electrical device determined to be inoperable within the range of surplus energy. However, if it is within range, it may start operating the electrical device or send a notification to the user that it is operable.
For example, there is a case where a power device with a large predicted power consumption is registered with a higher priority, and a power device with a much smaller predicted power consumption is registered with a lower priority. According to this preferred aspect, even if the surplus energy stored in the power storage device cannot operate the higher power devices, the lower priority power devices can be operated first. It can be accommodated if desired.

(vii) The operation management unit, in place of the condition of whether or not the predicted power consumption corresponds to the electrical equipment capable of operating within the range of the surplus energy related to the threshold, A predicted surplus power amount is calculated by subtracting a predicted value obtained by summing the power consumption of the electrical equipment from a predicted value of the generated power amount of the power generation device, and the range of the sum of the predicted surplus power amount and the surplus energy related to the threshold. Based on the condition of whether or not it corresponds to the electric equipment that can operate with the electric equipment, the electric equipment to be determined may be operated or an operable notification may be sent.
In this way, it is possible to operate the electrical equipment in anticipation of not only the surplus energy already stored in the power storage device, but also the amount of surplus power generated during the period in which each electrical equipment operates.

(viii) further comprising an error storage unit for storing an error between the predicted value and the actual amount of power generated and the error between the predicted value and the actual amount of power consumption, wherein the operation management unit stores the error in the predicted surplus power amount; Based on the condition that the value estimated for the error stored in the unit is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value, the registered electrical devices may be operated in order of priority or may be notified that they are operable.
In this way, by considering the error between the predicted value and the actual amount of energy related to surplus power, it is possible to more reliably estimate the amount of energy related to surplus power and operate the electrical equipment.

(ix) In addition to the above conditions, the operation management unit selects an electric device to be determined based on a condition that the ratio of the predicted surplus power to the predicted power consumption is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. It may be activated or send a notification that it is operational.
In this way, the surplus energy stored in the storage battery can be reserved for power consumption at night, for example.

(x) The operation management unit, in place of the condition of whether or not the predicted power consumption corresponds to the electrical equipment capable of operating within the range of the surplus energy according to the threshold, A predicted surplus power amount is calculated by subtracting a predicted value obtained by summing the power consumption of the electrical equipment from a predicted value of the generated power amount of the power generation device, and whether the electric device corresponds to the electric device that can operate within the range of the predicted surplus power amount. Based on the condition of whether or not, the electrical equipment to be determined may be operated or a notification of operability may be sent.
In this way, the electrical equipment is operated in anticipation of the amount of surplus power generated during the period in which each electrical equipment operates, and the surplus energy already stored in the power storage device is used to compensate for the error between the predicted surplus power amount and the actual result. can be used for

Preferred aspects of the present invention include combinations of any of the aspects described above.
Various modifications of the present invention are possible in addition to the above-described embodiments. Those modifications should not be construed as not belonging to the scope of the present invention. The present invention should include all modifications within the scope of the claims, the meaning of equivalents, and the scope.

11: unit consumer power system, 13: photovoltaic power generation device, 15: storage battery, 17-1, 17-n: home appliances, 19: power conditioner, 19a, 19b: DC/DC converter, 19c: bidirectional inverter, 19d: DC/AC inverter 19e: AC/DC converter 21: control device 21a: registration unit 21b: communication unit 21c: charge/discharge control unit 21d: operation management unit 21e: error storage unit 23: Power system, 31: Personal digital assistant

Claims (11)

A device that manages a unit consumer power system that includes a plurality of electrical devices, a renewable energy power generation device and a power storage device and is connected to a power system that supplies power to a unit consumer,
a charge/discharge control unit that controls the power storage device to store surplus energy obtained by subtracting the energy consumed by the operation of the plurality of electrical devices from the energy generated by the power generation device;
a registration unit that receives registration of the electric device that the user wants to operate when the excess energy is accumulated in the power storage device together with registration of the operating time of the electric device;
a storage unit for pre-storing predicted power consumption or predicted power consumption when the registered electric device operates;
calculating a predicted surplus power amount by subtracting a predicted value of the power consumption amount consumed by the operation of the plurality of electrical devices from a predicted value of the power generation amount generated by the power generation device, and calculating the predicted surplus power amount and the surplus power amount; It is determined whether or not the one or more registered electric devices are operable within the range of the total value with the energy, and when it is determined that the one or more electric devices are operable, the one or more registered electric devices are started to operate. and an operation manager that causes or sends an operational notification to a user . The registration unit allows a user to designate a priority order of electrical equipment to be registered and accepts registration,
The power management apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the operation management unit makes the determination in descending order of priority. 3. The power management apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said registration unit accepts registration so that a user can specify whether or not to register and a different priority depending on when the registered electric device is to be operated. The power management device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the operation management unit makes the determination when the amount of surplus energy stored in the power storage device is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold . The power management apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the registration unit receives at least one of setting or changing the threshold by a user . 6. The power management device according to claim 5, wherein the threshold is determined according to each electrical device. The operation management unit determines whether the predicted power consumption obtained from the information stored in the storage unit corresponds to the electrical equipment that can operate within the range of the total value . Whether or not the predicted power consumption obtained from the information stored in the storage unit is operable within the range of the total value for the electrical device registered in the priority next to the electrical device determined to be inoperable within the range The power management apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , further determining whether the electrical equipment is within range, and if it is within range, it starts the operation of the electrical equipment or notifies the user that it is operable. Further comprising an error storage unit for storing respective errors between the predicted value and the actual amount of power generation,
The power management apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the operation management unit makes the judgment based on the total value including an error. 9. The operation management unit according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein the total value of the predicted surplus power amount and a value obtained by multiplying the surplus energy by a predetermined ratio is used as the total value to perform the judgment. The power management device according to . 10. The power management apparatus according to claim 9 , wherein the operation management unit calculates the total value by setting the ratio to 0, and makes the determination . A program that causes a computer to execute processing for managing a unit consumer power system that includes a plurality of electric devices, a renewable energy power generation device and a power storage device and is connected to a power system that supplies power to a unit consumer,
charge/discharge control processing for controlling the power storage device to store surplus energy obtained by subtracting the energy consumed by the operation of the plurality of electric devices from the energy generated by the power generation device;
a registration process of accepting registration of the electric device to be operated when the power storage device stores the surplus energy together with registration of the operating time of the electric device;
a storage process of pre-storing predicted power consumption or predicted power consumption when the registered electric device operates;
calculating a predicted surplus power amount by subtracting a predicted value of the power consumption amount consumed by the operation of the plurality of electrical devices from a predicted value of the power generation amount generated by the power generation device, and calculating the predicted surplus power amount and the surplus power amount; It is determined whether or not the one or more registered electric devices are operable within the range of the total value with the energy, and when it is determined that the one or more electric devices are operable, the one or more registered electric devices are started to operate. and a power management program that causes the power management program to activate or send a notification to the user that it is ready to operate .

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