JP7166299B2 - Stator for rotating electrical machine with improved hybrid winding configuration - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to stators for rotating electrical machines with improved hybrid winding configurations.

In a manner known per se, a rotating electrical machine comprises a stator and a rotor integral with a shaft. The rotor may be integral with the drive shaft and/or the driven shaft and may be part of a rotating electrical machine in the form of an alternator, an electric motor, or a reversible machine capable of operating in both modes.

The rotor comprises a body formed by a stack of metal sheets held in packet form by a suitable fastening system. The rotor comprises poles formed, for example, by permanent magnets each housed in a cavity defined by two adjacent rotor teeth. Alternatively, the rotor may be a so-called salient pole rotor with windings wound around the rotor arms. The rotor may also be in the form of an alternator rotor with pole wheels between which the windings are mounted.

Further, the stator is mounted, for example by bearings, within a casing configured to support the rotating rotor shaft. The stator comprises a body with a plurality of teeth defining slots, and windings inserted into the slots of the stator. The windings are obtained, for example, from continuous wires covered with enamel or from conductive elements in the form of pins joined together by welding.

Documents US Pat. No. 7,030,533 or US Pat. No. 7,291,954 describe windings comprising a first three-phase system and a second three-phase system of the delta type. The windings also comprise a star-type third three-phase system and a fourth three-phase system. The first three-phase system is connected in series with a fourth three-phase system and the second three-phase system is connected in series with a third three-phase system. Furthermore, the phase pairs of the first and second three-phase systems are located in one and the same series of slots, while the phase pairs of the third and fourth three-phase systems are located in one and the same series of slots. Located within a series. However, such a configuration has the drawback of introducing a non-zero electrical angle between the delta system phase voltages and the corresponding star system phase voltages. This results in a non-negligible ripple in the output current of the electric machine.

U.S. Pat. No. 7,030,533 U.S. Pat. No. 7,291,954

The present invention is a slotted body and a winding comprising:
- a first three-phase system and a second three-phase system of a first type;
- a third three-phase system and a fourth three-phase system of the second type;
has
- the first three-phase system is connected in series with the fourth three-phase system,
- in a stator for a rotating electrical machine for a motor vehicle comprising windings in which a second three-phase system is connected in series with a third three-phase system,
- at least one phase of the first three-phase system and at least one phase of the third three-phase system are located in one and the same series of slots,
- at least one phase of the second three-phase system and at least one phase of the fourth three-phase system are located in one and the same series of slots,
The object is to effectively overcome this drawback by proposing a stator characterized by:

The invention therefore enables mechanical correction of the electrical angle between the phases of different three-phase systems, thereby minimizing ripples in the output current of the rotating electrical machine, among other things.

According to one embodiment, the first phase of the first three-phase system and the first phase of the third three-phase system are located in one and the same first series of slots.

According to one embodiment, the first phase of the second three-phase system and the first phase of the fourth three-phase system are located in one and the same second series of slots.

According to one embodiment, the second phase of the first three-phase system and the second phase of the third three-phase system are located in one and the same third series of slots.

According to one embodiment, the second phase of the second three-phase system and the second phase of the fourth three-phase system are located in one and the same fourth series of slots.

According to one embodiment, the third phase of the first three-phase system and the third phase of the third three-phase system are located in one and the same fifth series of slots.

According to one embodiment, the third phase of the second three-phase system and the third phase of the fourth three-phase system are located in one and the same sixth series of slots.

According to one embodiment, the first series of slots for receiving the first phase of the first three-phase system and the first phase of the third three-phase system is the first series of slots of the second three-phase system. and a second series of slots receiving the first phase of the fourth three-phase system.

According to one embodiment, the third series of slots for receiving the second phase of the first three-phase system and the second phase of the third three-phase system is the second series of slots of the second three-phase system. and a fourth series of slots receiving the second phase of a fourth three-phase system.

According to one embodiment, the fifth series of slots receiving the third phase of the first three-phase system and the third phase of the third three-phase system is the third series of slots of the second three-phase system. and a sixth series of slots receiving the third phase of the fourth three-phase system.

According to one embodiment, the third three-phase system and the fourth three-phase system are each connected to a circuit having the function of rectifying the bridge and/or the inverter.

According to one embodiment, the first three-phase system and the second three-phase system are of the delta type.

According to one embodiment, the third three-phase system and the fourth three-phase system are of star type.

According to one embodiment, the electrical angle difference between the voltages of the phases of the first three-phase system and the corresponding phases of the fourth three-phase system is zero.

According to one embodiment, the electrical angle difference between the voltages of the phases of the second three-phase system and the corresponding phases of the third three-phase system is zero.

According to one embodiment, the phases of the third three-phase system and the fourth three-phase system are located by the opening of the slot. This allows for improved cooling of the machine by exposing the phase of the system that carries the highest current to the airflow generated by the fan of the electric machine.

The invention can be better understood upon reading the description given below and examining the accompanying drawings. These figures are provided for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the invention in any way.

1 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a stator for a rotating electrical machine according to the invention; FIG. Fig. 2 is an electrical installation schematic of various three-phase systems of stators according to the invention; 1 is a schematic diagram of the phase-to-phase coupling of various three-phase systems in the slots of the stator according to the invention; FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the electrical angle difference between the phase voltages of a delta system and the corresponding star system. 4 is a graphical representation showing ripple in the output current of an electric machine; 4 is a graphical representation of delta and star system current signals and harmonics of these current signals;

Identical, similar or similar elements keep the same reference numerals from one figure to another.

FIG. 1 shows a stator 10 for a rotating electrical machine comprising a body 11 and windings 12 . The stator body 11 consists of an axial stack of flat sheets. The body 11 comprises teeth 13 with a regular angular distribution. These teeth 13 define slots 16 such that each slot 16 is defined by two successive teeth 13 . The slot 16 opens axially at the axial end face of the body 11 . The slot 16 also opens radially toward the interior of the main body 11 . The stator body 11 may be provided with tooth roots 17 near the free ends of the teeth 13 .

As can be seen in FIG. 2, the windings 12 comprise a first three-phase system a, b, c and a second three-phase system d, e, f of delta type. Winding 12 also comprises a third three-phase system A, B, C and a fourth three-phase system D, E, F of star type. Alternatively, different system types (delta or star) may be different. A first three-phase system a,b,c is connected in series with a fourth three-phase system D,E,F. A second three-phase system d,e,f is connected in series with a third three-phase system A,B,C.

Each phase is formed from several concentric turns of a conductor 20, such as continuous enamelled copper wire. The conductors 20 here have a circular cross-section. Alternatively, conductors 20 may have a rectangular, square, or flat-shaped cross-section to optimize filling of slot 16 .

Two phases of two different systems are associated with the series of slots S1-S6 such that each slot 16 receives the conductor 20 of the corresponding phase several times. Two consecutive slots 16 of one series are separated by adjacent slots 16, each of which corresponds to another series of slots associated with another phase. Thus, for a four 3-phase system, the conductors 20 of the two associated phases are arranged every [4 (3-phase system) x 3 (phases)]/2 (phases per slot), i.e. every 6 slots. inserted.

The phases of the delta three-phase system and the phases of the star three-phase system may be formed by one same number of turns or a different number of turns. In this case, the phases of the delta and star systems are each formed by two turns so that the stator has four conductors per slot.

More precisely, as can be seen in FIG. 3, the first phase 'a' of the first three-phase system and the first phase A of the third three-phase system are in one and the same first series of slots. Located within S1.

The first phase d of the second three-phase system and the first phase D of the fourth three-phase system are located in one and the same second series S2 of slots.

The second phase b of the first three-phase system and the second phase B of the third three-phase system are located in one and the same third series S3 of slots.

The second phase e of the second three-phase system and the second phase E of the fourth three-phase system are located in one and the same fourth series S4 of slots.

The third phase c of the first three-phase system and the third phase C of the third three-phase system are located in one and the same fifth series S5 of slots.

The third phase f of the second three-phase system and the third phase F of the fourth three-phase system are located in one and the same sixth series S6 of slots.

Preferably, the first series S1 of slots for receiving the first phase "a" of the first three-phase system and the first phase A of the third three-phase system is the first series S1 of the second three-phase system. and the second series S2 of slots receiving the first phase D of the fourth three-phase system.

A third series S3 of slots for receiving the second phase b of the first three-phase system and the second phase B of the third three-phase system is adapted to receive the second phase e and the third A fourth series S4 of slots receives the second phase E of the four three-phase system.

A fifth series S5 of slots for receiving the third phase c of the first three-phase system and the third phase C of the third three-phase system receives the third phase f of the second three-phase system and the third phase C of the third three-phase system. 4 adjacent to the sixth series S6 of slots receiving the third phase F of the three-phase system.

Furthermore, the third three-phase system A, B, C and the fourth three-phase system D, E, F are each connected to a circuit P1, P2, respectively, whose function is to rectify the bridge and/or inverter. Each circuit P1, P2 is attached between the positive terminal B+ and system ground.

As can be seen from FIG. 4, the electrical angle difference between the phase voltages Va, Vb, Vc of the first three-phase system and the corresponding phase voltages VD, VE, VF of the fourth three-phase system is zero. is.

Therefore, the electrical angle difference between the first phase voltage Va of the first three-phase system and the first phase voltage VD of the fourth three-phase system is zero. The electrical angle difference between the second phase voltage Vb of the first three-phase system and the second phase voltage VE of the fourth three-phase system is zero.

The electrical angle difference between the third phase voltage Vc of the first three-phase system and the third phase voltage VF of the fourth three-phase system is zero.

Moreover, the electrical angle difference between the phase voltages Vd, Ve, Vf of the second three-phase system and the corresponding phase voltages VA, VB, VC of the third three-phase system is zero.

Therefore, the electrical angle difference between the first phase voltage Vd of the second three-phase system and the first phase voltage VA of the third three-phase system is zero. The electrical angle difference between the second phase voltage Ve of the second three-phase system and the second phase voltage VB of the third three-phase system is zero. The electrical angle difference between the third phase voltage Vf of the second three-phase system and the third phase voltage VC of the third three-phase system is zero.

FIG. 5 shows that the present invention allows maximizing the strength of an electric machine while minimizing variations in the output current of the electric machine at low rotational speeds. In fact, for a speed of 1800 rpm, the output current Is reaches 132 A for a variation Vond of the order of 3.2 A, whereas for a machine with a stator as described in the document U.S. Pat. No. 7,291,954 In that case, the output current of the machine reaches 123A for a variation of the order of 3.7A.

Preferably, the phases of the slur system (third systems A, B, C and fourth systems D, E, F) are positioned by the opening of slot 16, while the phases of the delta system (first Systems a, b, c and a second system d, e, f) are positioned beside the slot bottom 16 .

This allows for improved cooling of the machine by exposing the phase of the system that carries the highest current to the airflow generated by the fan of the electric machine. Indeed, FIG. 6 shows that the first harmonic H1 of the phase current IY for the star system is greater than the harmonic H1' of the phase current IDelta for the delta system.

In addition, the present invention enables alternating current losses to be reduced. The amplitude of the third harmonic is also reduced with respect to the current IDelta.

Of course, the foregoing description is given by way of example only and is not intended to limit the field of the invention which is not left out in replacing the various elements with any other equivalent elements.

Claims (16)

A body (11) provided with a slot (16) and a winding (12),
- a first three-phase system (a, b, c) and a second three-phase system (d, e, f) of a first type;
- a third three-phase system (A, B, C) and a fourth three-phase system (D, E, F) of the second type;
has
- said first three-phase system (a, b, c) is connected in series with said fourth three-phase system (D, E, F),
- a winding (12) in which said second three-phase system (d, e, f) is connected in series with said third three-phase system (A, B, C); In a stator (10) for an electrical machine,
- at least one phase of said first three-phase system (a, b, c) and at least one phase of said third three-phase system (A, B, C) are in one and the same slot (16); positioned within the series,
- at least one phase of said second three-phase system (d, e, f) and at least one phase of said fourth three-phase system (D, E, F) are in one and the same slot (16); positioned within the series,
A stator (10), characterized in that: The first phase (a) of said first three-phase system and the first phase (A) of said third three-phase system are located in one and the same first series (S1) of slots The stator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first phase (d) of said second three-phase system and the first phase (D) of said fourth three-phase system are located in one and the same second series (S2) of slots 3. The stator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The second phase (b) of said first three-phase system and the second phase (B) of said third three-phase system are located in one and the same third series (S3) of slots The stator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The second phase (e) of said second three-phase system and the second phase (E) of said fourth three-phase system are located in one and the same fourth series (S4) of slots 5. The stator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The third phase (c) of said first three-phase system and the third phase (C) of said third three-phase system are located in one and the same fifth series (S5) of slots A stator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The third phase (f) of said second three-phase system and the third phase (F) of said fourth three-phase system are located in one and the same sixth series (S6) of slots A stator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Said first series (S1) of slots receiving said first phase (a) of said first three-phase system and said first phase (A) of said third three-phase system is adapted to receive said second said second series (S2) of slots receiving said first phase (d) of said three-phase system and said first phase (D) of said fourth three-phase system of A stator according to claims 2 and 3. Said third series (S3) of slots for receiving said second phase (b) of said first three-phase system and said second phase (B) of said third three-phase system comprises said second said fourth series (S4) of slots receiving said second phase (e) of said three-phase system and said second phase (E) of said fourth three-phase system of A stator according to claims 4 and 5. Said fifth series (S5) of slots receiving said third phase (c) of said first three-phase system and said third phase (C) of said third three-phase system is adapted to receive said second said sixth series (S6) of slots receiving said third phase (f) of said three-phase system and said third phase (F) of said fourth three-phase system of Stator according to claims 6 and 7. Said third three-phase system (A, B, C) and said fourth three-phase system (D, E, F) are each connected to a circuit (P1, P2) having the function of rectifying a bridge and/or an inverter. 11. A stator according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it is connected. 12. Any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that said first three-phase system (a, b, c) and said second three-phase system (d, e, f) are of the delta type. stated status. 13. Any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that said third three-phase system (A, B, C) and said fourth three-phase system (D, E, F) are of star type. stated status. The electrical angle difference between the phase voltages (Va, Vb, Vc) of the first three-phase system and the corresponding phase voltages (VD, VE, VF) of the fourth three-phase system is zero. 14. A stator according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that: The electrical angle difference between the phase voltages (Vd, Ve, Vf) of the second three-phase system and the corresponding phase voltages (VA, VB, VC) of the third three-phase system is zero. 15. A stator according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: 4. Characterized in that the phases of the third three-phase system (A, B, C) and the fourth three-phase system (D, E, F) are located by the opening of the slot (16). 16. A stator according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

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