JP7169596B2 - Stacked block retaining wall structure and stacked block - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to piled block retaining wall structures and piled blocks.

A method of constructing a retaining wall using blocks for retaining earth such as slopes, cliffs, and embankments is known. In particular, piled-block retaining walls constructed using body-filled concrete or back-filled concrete for slope protection to prevent soil from collapsing, such as river revetments, roads, and construction, are widely known. Stacking blocks are relatively easy to mold and remove from concrete and can be mass-produced. In addition, there is an increasing need for large amounts of stacking blocks to be used in a short period of time in emergencies, such as for disaster prevention and mitigation work on rivers and the like. On the other hand, piled blocks are required to be constructed by skilled workers with experience in order to maintain the strength and bearing capacity of the retaining wall. In recent years, it is not easy to secure skilled workers. Therefore, there is a need for stacking blocks that can be performed simply and in a short time while increasing the size of each block itself to reduce the number of work steps. Conventionally, a stacking block and a manufacturing method thereof have been proposed in Patent Document 1.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-200521

The stacking block of Patent Document 1 is made by adhering porous concrete to the face surface of an ordinary concrete block. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of the retaining wall in FIG. 4 of Patent Document 1. In the figure, 100 is a piling block, 101 is body-filled concrete, 102 is back-filled crushed stone, 103 is foundation concrete, and 104 is a retaining wall. . As shown in the figure, the wall strength is maintained by body-filling concrete, back-filling material, etc., while stacking with the axis of the plummet-shaped stays substantially perpendicular to the slope of the retaining wall. However, the stacking block structure of Patent Document 1 requires a skilled worker for the construction of valley stacking, and since the blocks are small, there is a problem that it takes a lot of man-hours and time for construction.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and one of its objectives is to make it possible to increase the size of the blocks while enabling simple construction work, and to facilitate mass production by simplifying the molding and demolding of concrete. To provide a piled-up block retaining wall structure and a piled-up block capable of being constructed by a simple construction work without requiring a high degree of skill.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a base plate portion 12 having a surface portion 13 forming an inclined surface of a retaining wall, the base plate portion 12 having a joint edge 14 between stacked blocks arranged adjacent to each other, and the surface portion 13 A stand-up portion 20 integrally protruding perpendicularly from the back side of the base plate portion 12 in a direction away from the base plate portion 12 , the upper surface and the lower surface connecting to the upper and lower joint ends 14b1 and 14b2, respectively A stacking block 20 which is arranged so that the upper surface and the lower surface slope downward from the upper and lower joint ends 14b1 and 14b2 , respectively, in the projecting direction from the back side of the stacking blocks 12. The joint ends of the base plate portions 12 are the upper and lower joint ends that are overlapped in parallel with the horizontal plane X, and the horizontal upper and lower abutment of the base plate portions 12 occurs as the concrete or the like is poured into the backup portion side . Including upper and lower mating ends 14b1 and 14b2 for stacking the stacking blocks, and a stand-off section projecting integrally in the perpendicular direction from the back side of the base plate portion extends in the perpendicular direction from the upper and lower mating end portions of the base plate portion. The piled block retaining wall structure 1 is arranged with a downward slope so as to form a continuous surface in a side view of the retaining wall, and is characterized by constructing an inclined slope while stacking the piled blocks.

In this case, one or a plurality of backup portions 20 may be integrally protruded from the back side of the base plate portion 12 .

Furthermore, the foundation block 10, which is the lowermost stacking block, is a base plate portion 12A having a surface portion 13 forming an inclined surface of a retaining wall, and a base plate portion 12A having a joint end 14 between adjacently arranged blocks. a connecting end 14b1 parallel to the horizontal plane x provided on the upper end side of the base plate portion 12A; A restraining portion 20A arranged so that the upper surface slopes downward from the mating end 14 toward the projecting direction from the back side of the portion 12A, and a ground plane 60 parallel to the ground provided on the lower end side. Good to have.

Moreover, in that case, the foundation block 10 which is a stacking block of the lowest stage is good to be self-supporting on the ground.

Further, the present invention comprises a piled block 11 used for the piled block retaining wall structure 1A according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

Further, the present invention comprises a foundation block 12A used for the stacked block retaining wall structure according to claim 4.

According to the stacked block retaining wall structure and the stacked blocks of the present invention, it is possible to increase the size of the blocks while enabling simple cloth piling construction, and mass production is possible with simple molding and demolding of concrete, and high skill is required. To provide a piled-up block retaining wall structure and a piled-up block which can be constructed without requiring a construction work and can be carried out by a simple construction work.

It is cross-sectional explanatory drawing of the piled-up block retaining wall structure using the piled-up block which concerns on embodiment of this invention. (a) is a plan view of a piled block used in the piled block retaining wall structure of FIG. 1. FIG. (b) is a front view of a piled block used for the piled block retaining wall structure of FIG. 1. FIG. (c) is a side view of the piled-up block used for the piled-up block retaining wall structure of FIG. (d) It is a bottom view of the piled-up block used for the piled-up block retaining wall structure of FIG. (e) is a rear view of the piled-up block used for the piled-up block retaining wall structure of FIG. (f) is a view taken along line ff of FIG. 2(a). (g) is a view taken along line gg in FIG. 2(a). It is the perspective view seen from the back diagonal direction of the piled-up block used for the piled-up block retaining wall structure of FIG. It is the perspective explanatory view which showed a part of piled-up block row|line|column of the lowermost stage of the piled-up block retaining wall structure by embodiment, and a part of the second-row|upper stage|stacked block row|line. FIG. 5 is a perspective explanatory view of the assembled state of FIG. 4 as seen from the rear side; It is explanatory drawing which shows the cloth piling state which looked at the piled-up block retaining wall structure of FIG. 1 from the front side. (a) is a plan view of the lowermost stacking block used in the stacking block retaining wall structure of FIG. 1. FIG. (b) is a front view of the lowermost stacking block used for the stacking block retaining wall structure of FIG. 1. FIG. (c) is a side view of the lowest piled-up block used in the piled-up block retaining wall structure of FIG. 1 . (d) It is a bottom view of the lowest piled-up block used for the piled-up block retaining wall structure of FIG. (e) is a rear view of the lowest stacked block used in the stacked block retaining wall structure of FIG. 1 . (f) is a view taken along line ff in FIG. 7(a). (g) is a view taken along line gg in FIG. 7(a). It is cross-sectional explanatory drawing of the conventional retaining wall structure.

An embodiment of a piled-up block retaining wall structure and a piled-up block of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional explanatory view of a piled-block retaining wall structure using piled-up blocks of the present invention. is constructed, and a slope is formed on the front side (river side or road side) of these stacked blocks.

The foundation portion of the piled block retaining wall 1 is constructed by excavating the ground of the planned construction site, throwing in foundation crushed stone 50, and further pouring concrete on top of it to construct a concrete foundation 52. A flat portion 53 is formed on the upper surface. have. Stacked blocks are stacked on the upper surface of the plane portion 53 at an angle larger than the angle of repose, inclined at an acute angle toward the ground, and piled up to form a stacked block retaining wall 1. - 特許庁

In the embodiment, the piled-up block retaining wall structure 1A is constructed by piling up the piled-up blocks in a cloth pile-like manner as shown in FIG. The piled-block retaining wall 1 includes a first piled-up block 10 at the lowest stage installed on a concrete foundation 52 and a second piled-up block 11 sequentially piled up from the first piled-up block 10 .

FIGS. 2 and 3 show the second stacking blocks 11 which are sequentially stacked upwards on top of the first stacking blocks 10 . 2(a) is a plan view of the second stacking block 11, FIG. 2(b) is a front view of the second stacking block 11, FIG. 2(c) is a side view of the second stacking block 11, and FIG. 2(d). is a bottom view of the second stacking block 11, and FIG. 2(e) is a rear view of the second stacking block 11. FIG. 2 and 3, the second stacking block 11 includes a base plate portion 12 and a stay portion 20. As shown in FIG.

As shown in the figure, the base plate portion 12 is formed of a base plate having the thickness of a horizontally long rectangle when viewed from the front. It has a mating edge 14 that includes an abutment surface. As shown in FIG. 2(b), the base plate portion 12 has a laterally long quadrangular shape in a front view facing the road, and joint edges 14 are formed on four sides thereof. The joint is a joint portion between blocks to be stacked, and in the embodiment, has a long rectangular plane in detail. In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2(c), the base plate portion 12 has rectangular parallelogram-shaped joint ends a1 and (a2) in which a pair of opposing sides are longer than the other pair of opposing sides when viewed from the side. forming The parallelogram joints a1 and a2 have long sides t1 and t2 and short sides t3 and t4, respectively. The base plate portion 12 has substantially the same parallelogram surface in any vertical cross section as in a side view. The base plate portion 12 further forms joint ends b1 and (b2) that are substantially rectangular in plan view as shown in FIG. 2(a). Rectangular joint ends b1 and b2 have long sides h1 and h2 and short sides h3 and h4, respectively. Upper and lower mating ends b1 and b2 of substantially rectangular shape form overlapping portions 15 when blocks are stacked (see FIG. 1).

As will be described later, in FIG. 2(c), the base plate portion is a quadrilateral base having a parallelogram cross-section with the tip (front) side protruding obliquely downward from the joint portion with the stay portion 20 in side view. be.

Note that the zigzag partitions seen in the front view of FIG. 2(b) are patterns on the surface of the base plate 12 and do not necessarily have to be provided.

The hold-down portion 20 is block hold-down means formed integrally with the base plate 12 so as to protrude in a direction away from the surface portion 13 on the back side of the base plate portion 12, and has the face portion 13 on the surface side exposed to the outside. The base plate part 12 is connected and joined to the ground side to be integrated with the ground.

2(a), (c), and (d), the brace portion 20 protrudes perpendicularly from the plate surface of the base plate portion 12. As shown in FIG. In a plan view, the thickness of the base is slightly reduced like a cone from the back side of the base plate portion 12 toward the projecting tip. As a result, it is easy to remove from the mold after molding, and mass production is possible in a short period of time.

As shown in FIGS. 2(a) and 2(d), the stand-up portion 20 of the embodiment is a pedestal integrally protruding from the base plate portion 12 in a direction away from the base plate portion 12. 12 includes two legs 22 and 23 protruding from the back of 12 in the shape of clogs with an interval P between them. As shown in FIG. 2(c), the legs 22 and 23 have a substantially vertically long quadrangular shape in which one long side is joined to the back side of the base plate portion 12 in a side view, and upper and lower substantially central portions of the other long sides are attached. A recessed notch 24 is formed toward the joint portion side with the base plate portion 12 . As shown in FIGS. 2(a) and 2(d), the legs 22 and 23 are formed so as to slightly narrow in thickness in the projecting direction from the joint with the back surface of the base plate portion 12 through the R portion. ing. The notch 24 forms a gap laterally penetrating the body of the block on the back side of each block 2 . Then, when the body-filling concrete as a body-filling material is put in when stacking the blocks 2, the concrete flows into the space P between the pedestals 22 and 23, the notch 24, and the voids of the outer portions of the pedestals 22 and 23. Then, the stay portion side of the stack blocks is integrated to form a strong wall.

In the embodiment, the stand-up portion 20 is configured to include two pedestals, but may be configured to have three, four or more pedestals. Also, the footrest may be a single block.

In FIGS. 1 and 4 to 6, as described above, the upper and lower joint ends b1 and b2 of substantially rectangular shape form the overlapping portion 15 of the joint end 14 when the blocks are stacked. As shown in FIG. 1, the overlapping portion 15 includes a horizontal overlapping surface 16 parallel to the horizontal plane x.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 , when the second stacking blocks are stacked vertically, the two longer sides t1 and t2 of the parallelogram at the joint ends a1 and a2 on the side face are tilted. , the two shorter opposing sides t3 and t4 are arranged to form the hypotenuse of a parallelogram, and at this time, the rectangular joint ends 14b1 and 14b2 including the two shorter opposing sides t3 and t4 are blocks. form the upper and lower joints 14 of the . In the side view of the stacked block 2 in FIG. 2(c), the base plate portion 12 is shaped like a downward-sloping parallelogram from the joint portion with the vertically long square leg base 22 (23). joined as a part. In other words, the upper and lower joint ends 14b1 and 14b2 of the block are formed as planes that are parallel to each other and slope forward. Therefore, when the surface portion 13 of the base plate portion 12 is set to the planned slope slope and the blocks are piled up, the upper and lower joint ends 14b1 and 14b2 of the front-down-shaped base plate portion 12 can be used as a horizontal plane, for example, the ground G. By piling up while installing so as to be horizontal, it is possible to easily implement block piling construction.

The stacking block 11 is a block in which a stand for a stand-up portion is provided perpendicularly from the back side of the base plate portion. It is a block in which a base plate portion is provided in a parallelogram-shaped forward-downward manner from a joint portion with. By laying out the upper and lower ends of the base plate on a horizontal plane or parallel to the ground, the piled up blocks are piled up, which makes it possible to shorten the work time and build a retaining wall with excellent bearing strength through simple work. It becomes possible.

That is, in FIG. 1, for example, when stacking the second block 2 of the third stage on the second stage, the face portion on the front side of the block is aligned with the slope gradient, and the joint edge 14b1 of the upper and lower blocks is set. (b2) It is possible to simply and efficiently build up in a short period of time by piling up while joining them together.

Further, since the legs 22 and 23 of the backup portion 20 are joined to the back surface of the base plate portion 12 at a right angle or at a right angle, the legs 22 and 23 are perpendicular to the side plate surface of the face portion of the base plate portion 12 or substantially perpendicular to each other. joined at right angles. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, the front side surface of the base plate part 12 along the slope gradient and the legs 22, 23 are joined at right angles and arranged. For this reason, the joint ends 14b1 (b2), which are the upper and lower joints of each block, form a horizontal overlapping surface parallel to the ground, and construction can be performed easily. Since the projecting direction axis tx is formed in the orthogonal direction, the projecting direction axis tx of the pedestals 22 and 23 is set so as to intersect with the joint surface y of the body-filling concrete at the time of piling up. As a result, the entire retaining wall 1 constructed with piled blocks has a sufficient bearing strength of the entire wall body. As a result, this kind of cloth stacking block itself can be molded into a large size and used for building a wall.

A wall with sufficient bearing strength can be constructed by making the overlapping portions 15 of the upper and lower joint ends 14b1 and 14b2 of each stacking block 11 include a horizontal overlapping surface 16 parallel to the horizontal plane x. At this time, the specific configuration of the stand-up portion 20 can be arbitrarily set in a state in which the projecting direction axis of the footrest is set in a direction perpendicular to the base plate portion 12 .

Next, the first stacking block 10 as the bottom block of the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 7 shows the first stacking block 10 . 7(a) is a plan view of the first stacking block 10, FIG. 7(b) is a front view of the first stacking block 10, FIG. 7(c) is a side view of the first stacking block 10, and FIG. 7(d). is a bottom view of the first stacking block 10, and FIG. 7(e) is a rear view of the first stacking block 10. FIG. In FIG. 7, the first stacking block 10 includes a base plate portion 12A and a stand-up portion 20A.

The first stacking block 10 has substantially the same configuration as the second stacking block 11, and has a base plate portion 12 and a stand-up portion 20A. The base plate portion 12 has the same configuration as the second stacking block, and has rectangular joint ends 14b1 and 14b2 on the upper and lower sides, respectively.

In FIG. 7, a stand-up portion 20A protrudes perpendicularly from the back side of the base plate portion 12, and the stand-up portion 20A is separated from the base plate portion 12A as shown in FIGS. 7(a) and 7(d). Two leg stands 22, 23 protrude from the back surface of the base plate portion 12A with a gap P between them in the shape of a geta blade. including.

The first stacking block 10 is different from the second stacking block 11 in that the lower end of the backup portion 20A of the first stacking block 10 is obliquely cut off, and the oblique side of the cut off mark is used as the ground surface 60. - 特許庁That is, the first stacking block 10, which is the bottom stacking block, has a joint end parallel to the horizontal plane x on the upper end side and a ground plane 60 parallel to the ground on the lower end side. The lower end of the backup portion 20A is obliquely cut off, and the oblique side portion of the cut mark is used as the ground contact surface 60. - 特許庁In the embodiment, the lower mating end 14b2 of the base plate portion 12A and the ground surface 60 are provided flush with each other, so that installation and integration on the concrete foundation 52 can be easily performed. In this embodiment, particularly, the foundation block, which is the first stacking block 10, can stand alone on the ground. As a result, there is no need to support the blocks, that is, to prevent them from collapsing during the injection of the back-filling material and the work of the body-filling concrete, so that the construction of the block wall can be carried out smoothly. Furthermore, since the base plate portion 12A having a joint end parallel to the horizontal surface, that is, the ground, and the stay portion 20A are joined at a right angle, similar to the second stacking block, Contributes to improving the strength of the entire retaining wall. Furthermore, since the first stacking block 10 can stand on its own, the length in the width direction of the short sides of the upper and lower joints is set to a balance that stabilizes the stacking blocks, thereby forming the second stacking block thereon. The stacking blocks in the second and third stages can also be arranged independently. For this reason, it is possible to contribute to the reduction of work labor and the shortening of the construction period when constructing a retaining wall.

The configuration of the first stacking block is not limited to the configuration in which the lower mating end 14b2 of the base plate portion 12A and the ground contact surface 60 are flush with each other as in the embodiment, and at least the second stacking block of the second stage is provided. Any structure having the base plate portion 12A having the upper end 14b1 overlapping the lower end 14b2 of the two-stacked block 11 may be used.

When constructing a retaining wall using the stacking blocks 10 and 11 of the present embodiment, in FIGS. 1 and 6, the first stacking block 10 as the lowest foundation block is placed on the concrete foundation 52 while side-joining. . At this time, the upper end 14b1 of the first stacking block 10 is installed as a plane parallel to the ground. Next, the second stacking block 11 is stacked on the first stacking block 10 . At this time, the lower end 14b2 of the second stacking block 11 is aligned with the upper end 14b1 of the first stacking block 10 and installed while adjusting the position. Blocks in the third and higher stages are piled up in the same manner. The body concrete 72 is placed and compacted according to the construction plan for each step or several steps, and the concrete is piled up. At that time, every time the block is installed, the crushed stone 70 for backfilling is thrown in at about the same height as the height at which the body-filling concrete is cast, so that the blocks are integrated with the natural ground. Then, while performing horizontal concrete joints several times each time the body-filled concrete 72 is placed, the backing portions of the piled blocks and the ground side are connected and integrated to construct a retaining wall. When the planned height is reached, top end concrete 74 is placed on the upper end side to complete construction. By using the stacked block retaining wall of this embodiment, the size of each block can be increased, which contributes to the mechanization of construction and labor saving. In addition, the simple structure of the base plate and the support makes it easy to pour concrete into the formwork and to remove the formwork after it has hardened. Porous concrete blocks may be used for the blocks, and it is also possible to build a retaining wall of permeable blocks or planted blocks in consideration of the natural landscape.

In FIG. 1, the base plate portions 12 and 12A are installed at the slope of the constructed retaining wall, and at this time, while adjusting the surfaces and alignment of the upper and lower ends of each base plate portion 12, the concrete 72 is placed. When the blocks are piled up while being hardened, the projecting direction axis tx of the pedestals 22 and 23 of the support portions 20 and 20A from the plate surface of the base plate portion is set in the orthogonal direction in side view. Since the joint surface y is formed, the retaining wall slides in the direction of the front facing the road and is less likely to collapse, making it possible to build a retaining wall with increased strength.

As described above, according to the piled-block retaining wall structure and the piled-up blocks of the present invention, it is possible to increase the size of the blocks while enabling simple cloth piling work, and it is possible to easily mold and demold the concrete, thereby enabling mass production. Retaining wall structures and piled blocks can be realized. In addition, it is possible to realize a piled-up block retaining wall structure and a piled-up block that can be constructed by a simple construction work without requiring a high level of skill.

The stacked block retaining wall structure and stacked blocks of the present invention are not limited to the configurations of the above-described embodiments, and other embodiments may be used without departing from the essence of the invention described in the claims. You may do so. For example, the width of the legs 22 and 23 of the braces 20 and 20A when viewed from above may be rounded, and the external shape when viewed from the side may be rounded or through holes may be provided.

The piled-block retaining wall structure and piled-block of the present invention can achieve the necessary retaining wall construction in rivers, revetments, roads and the like.

1 Stacked block retaining wall 1A Stacked block retaining wall structure 10 First stacked block (foundation block)
11 second stacking block 12 base plate portion 12A base plate portion of first stacking block 14 joint ends 14a1, 14a2 parallelogram joint ends (side surfaces)
14b1, 14b2 Rectangular joint (plane)
15 overlapped portion 16 horizontal overlap surface 20 stay portion 20A stay portion of the first stacking block 22, 23 legs 22A, 23A legs of the first stacking block 24 notch 60 contact surface x horizontal surface y joint surface of body-injected concrete tx protrusion direction axis

Claims (6)

a base plate portion having a surface portion forming an inclined surface of the retaining wall, the base plate portion having a joint end between stacked blocks arranged adjacent to each other;
A stand-up part integrally protruding from the back side of the base plate in a direction away from the face part and in a perpendicular direction, the upper and lower surfaces are connected to the joint ends of the upper and lower parts, respectively, and the back side of the base plate and a stay portion arranged so that the upper surface and the lower surface slope downward from the upper and lower joint ends, respectively, toward the projecting direction of the
The joints of the baseplates of adjacently arranged stacking blocks are the upper and lower joints that are superimposed and arranged parallel to the horizontal plane. Including upper and lower mating ends for stacking the stacking blocks by top and bottom abutment,
The stay portion integrally projecting perpendicularly from the back side of the base plate portion extends perpendicularly from the upper and lower joint ends of the base plate portion, and slopes downward so as to form a continuous surface when viewed from the side of the retaining wall. is placed in the
A stacked block retaining wall structure characterized by constructing an inclined slope while stacking blocks. 2. The piled-up block retaining wall structure according to claim 1, wherein one or a plurality of the stay portions are formed integrally projecting from the back side of the base plate portion. The foundation block, which is the lowermost stacking block, is a base plate portion having a surface portion forming an inclined surface of the retaining wall, the base plate portion having a joint end between adjacently arranged blocks;
a joint edge parallel to the horizontal surface provided on the upper end side of the base plate;
A stand-up portion integrally projecting from the back side of the base plate portion in a direction away from the surface portion, and the upper surface slopes downward from the joint end in the projecting direction from the back side of the base plate portion. a restraining portion arranged;
3. The piled-block retaining wall structure according to claim 1, further comprising a ground plane parallel to the ground provided on the lower end side. 4. The piled-block retaining wall structure according to claim 3, wherein the foundation block, which is the piled-up block of the lowermost stage, can stand by itself on the ground. A piled block used in the piled block retaining wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4. A foundation block used in the piled block retaining wall structure according to claim 3.

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