JP7184470B2 - A structure installed at the top of a tower-like building - Google Patents
A structure installed at the top of a tower-like building Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、例えば石炭貯蔵サイロ等の軒高の高い塔状建物の頂部に設置される構造体の構成に関するものであり、構造体の上に機械室等の施設建屋を設置することができる。 The present invention relates to the configuration of a structure installed on top of a high-eaves tower-like building such as a coal storage silo, and a facility building such as a machine room can be installed on the structure.
従来、石炭やバイオマスチップ等の貯蔵に使用されるサイロは内部が空洞で軒高の高い塔状建物であり、その機械室等を覆う屋根部の架構は、外形が円錐台状であることが多く、構造的にシェル構造に近いことから、構成部材数が非常に多いので、施工中の屋根架構等を支持する仮設支柱を用いる在来工法では、多量の仮設資材を必要とし、現場組立てに多くの時間を要する構造体であった。そのため、地上付近の低い位置で屋根架構等のほぼ全体を組立て、仕上げ等も取付けた状態にして、リフトアップする工法が採用されることがあった。 Conventionally, silos used to store coal, biomass chips, etc., are tower-like buildings with hollow interiors and high eaves. Since it is structurally similar to a shell structure, the number of constituent members is very large. It was a structure that took a lot of time. Therefore, in some cases, a construction method was adopted in which almost the entire roof frame was assembled at a low position near the ground, and the finishing was installed before being lifted up.
リフトアップ工法の場合、屋根架構等はサイロの塔体本体が出来上がってからリフトアップされるが、施工手順としては、先ず塔体本体の基礎工事がなされ、それに引続いて、地上部で屋根架構の組立ておよび仕上げ等の施工、その後、その屋根架構等を取り巻く塔体本体の躯体工事の順番となる。従って、屋根架構および仕上げ等の工事が完了するまで、地上部塔体の施工に着手できず、工期が長くなる欠点があった。 In the case of the lift-up method, the roof structure, etc. is lifted up after the main body of the silo is completed. After that, the order of assembly and finishing work, and then the framework work of the tower body surrounding the roof frame. Therefore, construction of the above-ground tower body cannot be started until construction such as the roof structure and finishing is completed, resulting in a long construction period.
また、サイロの平面形状は円形状であることが多く、大きなものでは直径５０ｍ×高さ５０ｍを超える規模になるため、リフトアップ工事のための仮設資材（ジャッキ受鉄骨等）の総重量が１５０ｔ程度になることもあり、かつ、塔体が複数ある場合は、機材の組立ておよび解体が各塔体についてのリフトアップ工事毎に必要であった。即ち、工程と工期および施工コストの面で改善の余地があった。 In addition, the planar shape of the silo is often circular, and a large one exceeds 50m in diameter and 50m in height. In addition, when there are multiple tower bodies, assembly and dismantling of equipment is required for each lift-up work for each tower body. In other words, there was room for improvement in terms of process, construction period, and construction cost.
上記の問題を解決することを目的とした先行技術としては、例えば特許文献１がある。特許文献１記載の発明は、図７(a)に図示のように、円筒状サイロ等建物の塔体Ｃの躯体頂部に、先ず大梁Ｇを１本ずつ、図７(b)に図示のような大型のクレーン１にて楊重して架け渡し、梁間隔をＷとする剛強な井桁状大梁を構築した後、その井桁状大梁を本設架構として、以降はそれら大梁を頼りに、その上部に屋根架構や機械室等施設建屋３を構築する工法であるので、在来工法のような仮設支柱は不要となり、また、リフトアップ工法の場合には必要な多量の仮設資材の数量も大幅に減らすことができ、かつ塔体躯体工事を先行させることができる工法である。
As a prior art aimed at solving the above problem, there is, for example, Patent Document 1. In the invention described in Patent Document 1, as illustrated in FIG. After building a strong grid-shaped girder with a beam interval of W by lifting it with a large crane 1, the grid-shaped girder is used as the permanent frame, and after that, relying on those girders, the upper part Since it is a method of constructing a
しかし、井桁状に大梁Ｇを組むと、その大梁Ｇ全長は塔体Ｃの直径に近い長さになるため、例えば、塔体直径が６０ｍ以上になると、大梁Ｇ１本の自重が非常に重くなり、大型クレーンを２台使用した相吊りでもその楊重が困難な場合があった。 However, if the girders G are assembled in a grid pattern, the total length of the girders G will be close to the diameter of the tower body C. For example, if the diameter of the tower body is 60 m or more, the weight of one girder G becomes very heavy. In some cases, it was difficult to lift the load even when two large cranes were used.
即ち、特許文献１記載の発明に係る工法は、前記のような大きな効果があるが、塔体直径が非常に大きい場合では、クレーンの楊重能力で限界付けられ、その工法の適用範囲を拡張することができなかった。 That is, the construction method according to the invention described in Patent Document 1 has a great effect as described above, but when the tower body diameter is very large, the lifting capacity of the crane is limited, and the scope of application of the construction method is expanded. couldn't.
本発明は、前記のように、特許文献１記載の発明に係る工法では、使用されるクレーンの楊重能力に限界付けられて、対応できない規模の超大型サイロ等塔状建物に対して、前記クレーンと同じ楊重能力であっても、その塔状建物頂部に設置される構造物の施工を可能とする構造体を提供するものである。 As described above, the construction method according to the invention described in Patent Document 1 is limited to the lifting capacity of the crane used, and the above-described super-large silo and other tower-like buildings cannot be handled. To provide a structure capable of constructing a structure installed on the top of a tower-like building even if it has the same lifting capacity as a crane.
本発明に係る第１手段は、円形もしくは４の倍数の正多角形の平面を有する塔状建物頂部に設置される構造体であって、前記塔状建物の塔体頂部に対して、
１）前記塔体頂部の開口部躯体に、平面視で正方形配置にて掛け渡され、同等の断面性能を有する４本の大梁により、第１支持架構が構成されている。
２）前記第１支持架構と辺の長さを同じくし、平面視で前記第１支持架構を４５度回転させた配置にて、前記塔体頂部の開口部躯体に掛け渡された補強架構が、前記第１支持架構との交差部にて連結されており、前記補強架構を構成する４本の補強大梁は、同等の断面性能を有し、前記第１支持架構の上または下、もしくは前記第１支持架構の大梁と同じ高さに配設され、接合されている。
３）前記第１支持架構の各大梁の中点を結び同等の断面性能を有する４本の中間梁によって第２支持架構が構成されており、前記第２支持架構は、前記第１支持架構の上に載せられ、もしくは前記第１支持架構の大梁と同じ高さに配設され、接合されている。
４）以下、前記第２支持架構と同じ要領にて、第（Ｎ－１）支持架構（但し、整数Ｎ≧２）を構成する４本の梁の中点を結び同等の断面性能を有する４本の中間梁によって、第Ｎ支持架構が構成されている。
５）最後の第Ｎ支持架構の正方形の四隅に、長さが同じで断面性能が同等の火打ち梁が前記最後の第Ｎ支持架構の上に載せられ、もしくは前記最後の第Ｎ支持架構の中間梁と同じ高さに配設されている。
６）前記火打ち梁の中点を結ぶ４本の最上部支持梁にて、最上部支持架構が構成されている。
以上の構成を特徴とする、塔状建物頂部に設置される構造体である。
A first means according to the present invention is a structure installed on the top of a tower-like building having a plane of a circle or a regular polygon of multiples of 4, wherein the top of the tower of the tower-like building is:
1) A first support structure is constructed by four large girders having the same cross-sectional performance, which are spanned over the opening frame at the top of the tower body in a square arrangement in a plan view.
2) With the side length of the first support frame being the same as that of the first support frame, and the first support frame rotated 45 degrees in plan view, the reinforcement frame spanned over the opening at the top of the tower body is provided. , are connected at intersections with the first support frame, and the four reinforcing girders that constitute the reinforcing frame have the same cross-sectional performance and are above or below the first support frame, or It is installed at the same height as the girders of the first support frame and joined.
3) A second support frame is composed of four intermediate beams that connect the midpoints of the large girders of the first support frame and have the same cross-sectional performance, and the second support frame is the same as that of the first support frame. It is placed on top of or placed at the same height as the girders of the first support frame and joined.
4) In the following, in the same manner as the second support frame, the midpoints of the four beams that constitute the (N-1)th support frame (where the integer N≧2) are connected, and 4 having the same cross-sectional performance The intermediate beam of the book constitutes the Nth support frame.
5) At the four corners of the square of the last Nth support frame, stilt beams of the same length and the same cross-sectional performance are mounted on said last Nth support frame, or in the middle of said last Nth support frame. It is installed at the same height as the beam.
6) A top support frame is composed of four top support beams connecting the midpoints of the above-mentioned stilt beams.
This is a structure installed at the top of a tower-like building characterized by the above configuration.
１）において、前記第１支持架構を構成する大梁１本の重量は、１台もしくは同時使用される複数台のクレーンの全楊重能力限界以下であるように設定されている。 In 1), the weight of one girder constituting the first support frame is set to be equal to or less than the total lifting capacity limit of one crane or a plurality of cranes used simultaneously.
また、前記４本の最上部支持梁は、同等の断面性能とし、その長さは、前記塔状建物頂部に設置される機械室等施設建屋の規模に応じて決定され、またそれに合わせて、前記火打ち梁の長さも決定することができる。前記最上部支持架構の上に、前記機械室等施設建屋を組立てることができる。 In addition, the four uppermost support beams have the same cross-sectional performance, and their length is determined according to the scale of the facility building such as the machine room installed at the top of the tower-like building. The length of the flint beam can also be determined. The facility building such as the machine room can be assembled on the uppermost support frame.
以上のように本発明の第１手段に係る構造体は、平面視で正方形配置された前記各支持架構を４５度ずつ回転しながら、入れ子状に梁が配設されるので、前記塔状建物頂部に設置される構造物の重量は、順次それぞれの梁に概ね均等に分散されて、最終的に第１支持架構によって塔体頂部の開口部躯体に伝達されることになると共に、最大重量となる第１支持架構の大梁が、特許文献１記載の発明の井桁状に組まれる大梁よりも短くなり、軽量化を図ることができる。 As described above, in the structure according to the first means of the present invention, the beams are arranged in a nested manner while rotating each of the support frames arranged squarely in a plan view by 45 degrees. The weight of the structure installed at the top is distributed generally evenly among the beams in sequence, and is finally transmitted to the opening frame at the top of the tower by the first support frame. The girders of the first support frame are shorter than the girders that are assembled in a grid pattern according to the invention described in Patent Document 1, and weight reduction can be achieved.
即ち、楊重能力限界が同じクレーンを用いても、本発明の方が、より直径の大きいサイロ等塔状建物頂部へ大梁を楊重することが可能になる。 That is, even if cranes having the same lifting capacity limit are used, the present invention can lift a girder to the top of a tower-like building such as a silo having a larger diameter.
また、本発明に係る第２手段は、円形もしくは４の倍数の正多角形の平面を有する塔状建物頂部に設置される構造体であって、前記塔状建物の塔体頂部に対して、
１）前記塔体頂部の開口部躯体に、平面視で正方形配置にて掛け渡され、同等の断面性能を有する４本の大梁により、第１支持架構が構成されている。
２）前記第１支持架構の各大梁の中点を結び、同等の断面性能を有する４本の中間梁によって第２支持架構が構成されており、前記第２支持架構は、前記第１支持架構の上に載せられ、もしくは前記第１支持架構の大梁と同じ高さに配設され、接合されている。
３）前記第２支持架構が接続された前記第１支持架構の各大梁の中点から、前記第１支持架構の各大梁に直交して外方向に、補強梁が前記塔体頂部の開口部躯体まで掛け渡されており、前記補強梁は、少なくとも前記第２支持架構と剛接合されている。
４）以下、前記第２支持架構と同じ要領にて、第（Ｎ－１）支持架構（但し、整数Ｎ≧２）を構成する４本の梁の中点を結び同等の断面性能を有する４本の中間梁によって、第Ｎ支持架構が構成されている。
５）最後の第Ｎ支持架構の正方形の四隅に、長さが同じで断面性能が同等の火打ち梁が前記最後の第Ｎ支持架構の上に載せられ、もしくは前記最後の第Ｎ支持架構の中間梁と同じ高さに配設されている。
６）前記火打ち梁の中点を結ぶ４本の最上部支持梁にて、最上部支持架構が構成されている。
以上の構成を特徴とする、塔状建物頂部に設置される構造体である。
A second means according to the present invention is a structure installed on the top of a tower-like building having a plane of a circle or a regular polygon of multiples of 4, wherein the top of the tower-like building is:
1) A first support structure is constructed by four large girders having the same cross-sectional performance, which are spanned over the opening frame at the top of the tower body in a square arrangement in a plan view.
2) The second support frame is composed of four intermediate beams having the same cross-sectional performance, which connect the midpoints of the large girders of the first support frame, and the second support frame is the first support frame. or placed at the same height as the girders of the first support frame and joined.
3) From the midpoint of each large beam of the first support frame to which the second support frame is connected, a reinforcing beam extends outward perpendicularly to each large beam of the first support frame to the opening at the top of the tower body. The reinforcement beam is stretched to the skeleton, and is rigidly connected to at least the second support frame.
4) In the following, in the same manner as the second support frame, the midpoints of the four beams that constitute the (N-1)th support frame (where the integer N≧2) are connected, and 4 having the same cross-sectional performance The intermediate beam of the book constitutes the Nth support frame.
5) At the four corners of the square of the last Nth support frame, stilt beams of the same length and the same cross-sectional performance are mounted on said last Nth support frame, or in the middle of said last Nth support frame. It is installed at the same height as the beam.
6) A top support frame is composed of four top support beams connecting the midpoints of the above-mentioned stilt beams.
This is a structure installed at the top of a tower-like building characterized by the above configuration.
１）において、前記第１支持架構を構成する大梁１本の重量は、１台もしくは同時使用される複数台のクレーンの全楊重能力限界以下であるように設定されている。 In 1), the weight of one girder constituting the first support frame is set to be equal to or less than the total lifting capacity limit of one crane or a plurality of cranes used simultaneously.
また、前記４本の最上部支持梁は、同等の断面性能とし、その長さは、前記塔状建物頂部に設置される機械室等施設建屋の規模に応じて決定され、またそれに合わせて、前記火打ち梁の長さも決定することができる。前記最上部支持架構の上に、前記機械室等施設建屋を組立てることができる。 In addition, the four uppermost support beams have the same cross-sectional performance, and their length is determined according to the scale of the facility building such as the machine room installed at the top of the tower-like building. The length of the flint beam can also be determined. The facility building such as the machine room can be assembled on the uppermost support frame.
上記本発明の第２手段では、前記第１支持架構の各大梁に直交して外方向に取り付けられる補強梁が、前記第１支持架構の各大梁を補強するので、本発明の第１手段における補強架構を省くことが可能になる。 In the second means of the present invention, the reinforcing beams attached in the outward direction perpendicular to the large girders of the first support frame reinforce the large girders of the first support frame. It becomes possible to omit the reinforcing frame.
また、本発明に係る第３手段は、円形もしくは４の倍数の正多角形の平面を有する塔状建物頂部に設置される構造体であって、前記塔状建物の塔体頂部に対して、
１）前記塔体に内接する仮想正方形を拡大した正方形の４辺上に、長さが同じで断面性能が同等の４本の大梁が配置され、その大梁両端が塔体頂部の開口部躯体に定着されて、第１支持架構が構成されている。
２）前記第１支持架構の各大梁の中点を結び、同等の断面性能を有する４本の中間梁によって第２支持架構が構成されており、前記第２支持架構は、前記第１支持架構の上に載せられ、もしくは前記第１支持架構の大梁と同じ高さに配設され、接合されている。
３）以下、前記第２支持架構の中間梁と同じ要領にて、第（Ｎ－１）支持架構（但し、整数Ｎ≧２）を構成する４本の梁の中点を結び正方形配置された、同等の断面性能を有する４本の中間梁によって、第Ｎ支持架構が構成されている。
４）最後の第Ｎ支持架構の正方形の四隅に、長さが同じで断面性能が同等の火打ち梁が前記最後の第Ｎ支持架構の上に載せられ、もしくは前記最後の第Ｎ支持架構の中間梁と同じ高さに配設されている。
５）前記火打ち梁の中点を結ぶ４本の最上部支持梁にて、最上部支持架構が構成されている。
以上の構成を特徴とする、塔状建物頂部に設置される構造体である。
A third means according to the present invention is a structure installed on the top of a tower-like building having a plane of a circle or a regular polygon that is a multiple of 4, wherein the top of the tower-like building is:
1) On the four sides of a square obtained by enlarging the imaginary square inscribed in the tower body, four large beams of the same length and the same cross-sectional performance are arranged, and both ends of the large beams are attached to the opening skeleton at the top of the tower body. It is fixed to form a first support frame.
2) The second support frame is composed of four intermediate beams having the same cross-sectional performance, which connect the midpoints of the large girders of the first support frame, and the second support frame is the first support frame. or placed at the same height as the girders of the first support frame and joined.
3) Below, in the same manner as the intermediate beams of the second support frame, the midpoints of the four beams that make up the (N-1)th support frame (where integer N≧2) are connected and arranged in a square. , the N-th support frame is composed of four intermediate beams having the same cross-sectional performance.
4) At the four corners of the square of the last Nth support frame, stilt beams of the same length and the same cross-sectional performance are placed on said last Nth support frame, or in the middle of said last Nth support frame. It is installed at the same height as the beam.
5) A top support frame is composed of four top support beams connecting the midpoints of the above-mentioned stilt beams.
This is a structure installed on the top of a tower-like building characterized by the above configuration.
１）において、前記第１支持架構を構成する大梁１本の重量は、１台もしくは同時使用される複数台のクレーンの全楊重能力限界以下であるように設定されている。 In 1), the weight of one girder constituting the first support frame is set to be equal to or less than the total lifting capacity limit of one crane or a plurality of cranes used simultaneously.
なお、前記第２支持架構が接続された前記第１支持架構の各大梁の中点から、前記第１支持架構の各大梁に直交して外方向に、少なくとも前記第２支持架構と剛接合された補強梁が、前記塔体頂部の開口部躯体まで掛け渡されてもよい。 In addition, from the midpoint of each girders of the first support frame to which the second support frame is connected, the girders of the first support frame are rigidly connected to at least the second support frame in an outward direction perpendicular to the girders of the first support frame. The reinforcing beam may be stretched to the opening skeleton at the top of the tower body.
また、前記４本の最上部支持梁は、同等の断面性能とし、その長さは、前記塔状建物頂部に設置される機械室等施設建屋の規模に応じて決定され、またそれに合わせて、前記火打ち梁の長さも決定することができる。前記最上部支持架構の上に、前記機械室等施設建屋を組立てることができる。 In addition, the four uppermost support beams have the same cross-sectional performance, and their length is determined according to the scale of the facility building such as the machine room installed at the top of the tower-like building. The length of the flint beam can also be determined. The facility building such as the machine room can be assembled on the uppermost support frame.
上記本発明の第３手段は、前記第１および第２手段における第１支持架構の大梁と同じ長さで同重量の大梁を、前記塔体に内接する前記仮想正方形を拡大した正方形の４辺上にクレーンで楊重して、四隅を切り落された正方形（以下、隅切り正方形と称す。）を成す第１支持架構を構成することが可能になるので、前記塔体頂部の開口部躯体に定着される大梁を正方形配置とする前記第１および第２手段が対応できる最大内径の塔体よりも、更に大きな内径の塔体にも適用が可能になる。 In the third means of the present invention, the girders of the same length and weight as the girders of the first support frame in the first and second means are attached to the four sides of a square obtained by enlarging the virtual square inscribed in the tower body. By lifting with a crane, it is possible to configure the first support frame forming a square with four corners cut off (hereinafter referred to as a square with cut corners), so the opening skeleton at the top of the tower body It can be applied to a tower body with a larger inner diameter than the tower body with the maximum inner diameter that can be handled by the first and second means in which the girders fixed to the girders are squarely arranged.
また、本発明に係る第４手段は、円形もしくは４の倍数の正多角形の平面を有する塔状建物頂部に設置される構造体であって、前記塔状建物の塔体頂部に対して、
１）前記塔体に内接する仮想正方形を拡大した正方形の４辺上に、長さが同じで断面性能が同等の４本の大梁が配置され、その大梁両端が塔体頂部の開口部躯体に定着されて、第１支持架構が構成されている。
２）前記第１支持架構を構成する４本の大梁に対して４５°の角度を成して架け渡される４本の中間梁は、長さが同じで断面性能が同等であって、相互に交差することなく、１本の前記大梁に接合される前記中間梁の２つの支持点は一定の距離を置いて、ハの字状に、前記第１支持架構の大梁の上に載せられ、もしくは前記第１支持架構の大梁と同じ高さに配設され、接合されて、第２支持架構が構成されている。
３）以下、前記第２支持架構の中間梁と同じ要領にて、第（Ｎ－１）支持架構（但し、整数Ｎ≧２）を構成する４本の梁に掛け渡され、長さが同じで断面性能が同等の４本の中間梁によって、第Ｎ支持架構が構成されている。
４）最後の第Ｎ支持架構の正方形の四隅に、長さが同じで断面性能が同等の火打ち梁が前記最後の第Ｎ支持架構の上に載せられ、もしくは前記最後の第Ｎ支持架構の中間梁と同じ高さに配設されている。
５）前記火打ち梁の中点を結ぶ４本の最上部支持梁にて、最上部支持架構が構成されている。
以上の構成を特徴とする、塔状建物頂部に設置される構造体である。
A fourth means according to the present invention is a structure installed on the top of a tower-like building having a plane of a circle or a regular polygon that is a multiple of 4, wherein the top of the tower-like building is:
1) On the four sides of a square obtained by enlarging the imaginary square inscribed in the tower body, four large beams of the same length and the same cross-sectional performance are arranged, and both ends of the large beams are attached to the opening skeleton at the top of the tower body. It is fixed to form a first support frame.
2) The four intermediate beams that are spanned at an angle of 45° with respect to the four large beams that constitute the first support frame have the same length and the same cross-sectional performance. The two support points of the intermediate beam that are joined to the single girder without intersecting are placed on the girder of the first support frame in a V shape with a certain distance, or It is arranged at the same height as the girders of the first support frame and joined together to form a second support frame.
3) After that, in the same way as the intermediate beam of the second support frame, it is spanned over the four beams that constitute the (N-1)th support frame (where the integer N≧2), and the length is the same The Nth support frame is composed of four intermediate beams with the same cross-sectional performance.
4) At the four corners of the square of the last Nth support frame, stilt beams of the same length and the same cross-sectional performance are placed on said last Nth support frame, or in the middle of said last Nth support frame. It is installed at the same height as the beam.
5) A top support frame is composed of four top support beams connecting the midpoints of the above-mentioned stilt beams.
This is a structure installed on the top of a tower-like building characterized by the above configuration.
１）において、前記大梁１本の重量は、１台もしくは同時使用される複数台のクレーンの全楊重能力限界以下であるように設定されている。 In 1), the weight of one girder is set to be equal to or less than the total lifting capacity limit of one crane or a plurality of cranes used simultaneously.
また、前記４本の最上部支持梁は、同等の断面性能とし、その長さは、前記塔状建物頂部に設置される機械室等施設建屋の規模に応じて決定され、またそれに合わせて、前記火打ち梁の長さも決定することができる。前記最上部支持架構の上に、前記機械室等施設建屋を組立てることができる。 In addition, the four uppermost support beams have the same cross-sectional performance, and their length is determined according to the scale of the facility building such as the machine room installed at the top of the tower-like building. The length of the flint beam can also be determined. The facility building such as the machine room can be assembled on the uppermost support frame.
上記本発明の第４手段では、前記第１支持架構の大梁が支える前記第２支持架構の中間梁の支持点が、前記第１支持架構の１本の大梁上で一定の距離を置いて２点に分かれるので、前記第１乃至第３手段のように、１点集中の場合よりも前記第１支持架構の大梁の曲げモーメントが小さくなり、その大梁の重量軽減に繋がる。また、前記第Ｎ支持架構を支持する前記第（Ｎ－１）支持架構の中間梁についても同様である。 In the fourth means of the present invention, the support points of the intermediate beam of the second support frame supported by the large girders of the first support frame are positioned on one large girder of the first support frame at two fixed distances. Since the beams are divided into points, the bending moment of the girders of the first support frame becomes smaller than in the case of concentration at one point as in the first to third means, which leads to weight reduction of the girders. The same applies to the intermediate beam of the (N-1)th support frame that supports the Nth support frame.
以上記載の本発明の手段４つに共通して、前記第（Ｎ－１）支持架構（但し、整数Ｎ≧２）が支持する前記第Ｎ支持架構を、前記第（Ｎ－１）支持架構の上に載せるなど、階段状に設置される場合、塔体中央に行く程、支持架構を構成する梁の地上からの高さが高くなる。このことは、例えばサイロのように、貯蔵物が建物頂部中央から落とし込まれて円錐状に堆積する場合には、内部空間の有効利用に繋がる。 In common with the four means of the present invention described above, the N-th support frame supported by the (N-1)-th support frame (wherein integer N≧2) is replaced by the (N-1)-th support frame When it is installed in a stepped manner, such as on top of a tower, the height of the beams constituting the support frame from the ground increases toward the center of the tower body. This leads to effective utilization of the internal space, for example, when the stored material is dropped from the center of the top of the building and deposited in a conical shape, such as in a silo.
また、以上記載の本発明の手段４つに共通して、前記第１支持架構は正方形もしくは正方形に近い配置であるため、それら前記第１支持架構を構成する大梁が定着される塔体頂部の開口部躯体の平面形状は、４の倍数の正多角形であれば、全支持架構の平面配置は４分の１対称となり、塔状建物頂部に設置される構造物の荷重は、比較的均等に分散して塔体頂部の開口部躯体へ伝達されるので、必ずしも円である必要はない。 In addition, in common with the four means of the present invention described above, since the first support frame has a square or near-square arrangement, the top of the tower body to which the girders constituting the first support frame are fixed is If the planar shape of the opening frame is a regular polygon that is a multiple of 4, the planar arrangement of all the support frames will be 1/4 symmetrical, and the load of the structure installed on the top of the tower-like building will be relatively even. It does not necessarily have to be a circle because it is distributed to the top of the tower body and transmitted to the opening skeleton.
なお、前記各支持架構を構成する４本の梁の断面性能に、ある程度の差があっても、塔状建物頂部に設置される構造物の荷重が、分散されて塔体頂部に伝達された時のばらつきは、それ程大きくないので、塔体への影響は少なく、厳密に同じ断面性能を有する必要はない。 Even if there was some difference in the cross-sectional performance of the four beams that make up each support frame, the load of the structure installed at the top of the tower-like building was dispersed and transmitted to the top of the tower body. Since the time variation is not so large, it has little effect on the tower body, and it is not necessary to have exactly the same cross-sectional performance.
本発明は以上のような手段によるので、次のような効果がある。
（１）最も長い第１支持架構の大梁は、塔体直径が同じでも、特許文献１記載の発明の方法よりも短くでき、大梁のサイズダウンに繋がり、１本当りの重量が減る。
（２）第３および第４手段では、第１支持架構の大梁を、塔体に内接する仮想正方形を拡大した正方形の４辺上に、隅切り正方形配置で設置するので、第１および第２手段によって第１支持架構を正方形配置とする場合よりも大きな内径の塔体への適用が可能になる。
Since the present invention is based on the means described above, it has the following effects.
(1) Even if the diameter of the tower body is the same, the longest girders of the first support frame can be made shorter than the method of the invention described in Patent Document 1, leading to a reduction in the size of the girders and a reduction in the weight per girder.
(2) In the third and fourth means, the girders of the first support frame are installed on the four sides of a square obtained by enlarging the virtual square inscribed in the tower body in a corner cut square arrangement. By means of this means it is possible to apply the tower body with a larger inner diameter than with a square arrangement of the first support structure.
（３）第４手段では、下段梁（前記第（Ｎ－１）支持架構の梁）が支える上段梁（前記第Ｎ支持架構の梁）の支持点が、一定の距離を置いて２点に分かれるので、支持架構が正方形配置の時のような１点集中の場合よりも、下段梁の曲げモーメントが小さくなり、梁の重量が軽減される。
（４）以上より、使用されるクレーンの楊重能力に限界付けられて、特許文献１記載の発明の方法では対応できなかったような、より大口径の塔状建物にも対応が可能になる。
（５）支持架構の全体構成が４分の１対称であり均等な梁配置なので、機械室等施設の積載荷重に偏りがあっても、塔体頂部の開口部躯体に伝達される荷重は比較的均等に分散され、応力集中が回避されるため塔体の負担が軽減される。
(3) In the fourth means, the support points of the upper beam (beam of the Nth support frame) supported by the lower beam (the beam of the (N-1) support frame) are placed at two points at a constant distance. Since they are separated, the bending moment of the lower beam becomes smaller than when the support frame is concentrated at one point, such as when the support frame is arranged in a square, and the weight of the beam is reduced.
(4) From the above, it is possible to deal with large-diameter tower-shaped buildings that could not be dealt with by the method of the invention described in Patent Document 1 due to the limited lifting capacity of the crane to be used. .
(5) The overall structure of the support frame is 1/4 symmetrical and the beams are arranged evenly, so even if the load of the machine room and other facilities is uneven, the load transmitted to the opening at the top of the tower is comparable. The load on the tower body is reduced because the stress is evenly distributed and stress concentration is avoided.
（６）クレーンを用いて全ての部材を塔状建物頂部に楊重して構造物を構築できるので、仮設支柱を必要とする従来工法や、リフトアップ工法よりも経済的である。
（７）各支持架構間に段差を付けて塔体中央に行く程、支持架構を構成する梁の地上からの高さを高くすることができるので、サイロのように、貯蔵物が建物頂部中央から落とし込まれて円錐状に堆積される場合には、内部空間を有効に使え、軒高も下げられる。
（８）各支持架構間の段差の数を調整することも出来るので、貯蔵物の種類や建物用途に応じて、屋根部の形状を選択することができる。
(6) Since a crane can be used to lift and lift all the members to the top of the tower-like building to build the structure, it is more economical than the conventional construction method that requires temporary support or the lift-up construction method.
(7) The height of the beams that make up the support frames can be increased as the support frames are stepped toward the center of the tower body. If the roof is dropped from the ground and piled up in a conical shape, the internal space can be used effectively and the eave height can be lowered.
(8) Since the number of steps between each support frame can be adjusted, the shape of the roof can be selected according to the type of stored items and the use of the building.
本発明に係る構造体の第１実施例を、図１を参照して説明する。
図１に図示のように、サイロの塔体Ｃ頂部の開口部躯体に、先ず、同等の断面性能を有する４本の大梁Ｇ１が、クレーンにて１本ずつ順次掛け渡され、その梁端部が定着され、図１（a）に図示のように、平面視で正方形配置の第１支持架構が構築される。
A first embodiment of a structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, first, four large beams G1 having the same cross-sectional performance are sequentially spanned one by one by a crane to the opening skeleton at the top of the tower body C of the silo. The part is fixed, and as shown in FIG. 1(a), a first support frame is constructed that is square in plan view.
次に、前記第１支持架構と辺の長さを同じくする正方形配置で、４本の補強大梁Ｇ１aから成る補強支持架構が、平面視で前記第１支持架構を４５度回転させた配置にて、塔体Ｃ頂部の開口部躯体に掛け渡され、前記第１支持架構と前記補強支持架構とは星型正八角形の梁組を構成し、両支持架構の大梁は交差部にて連結される。 Next, in a square arrangement with the same side length as the first support frame, the reinforcing support frame consisting of four reinforcing girders G1a is rotated 45 degrees from the first support frame in plan view. The first support frame and the reinforcing support frame form a star-shaped regular octagonal beam set, and the large beams of both support structures are connected at the intersection. be.
前記補強支持架構の４本の補強大梁Ｇ１aは、同等の断面性能であり、前記第１支持架構の上または下に接合される。あるいは、両支持架構の梁を同じ高さにして接合してもよい。 The four reinforcing girders G1a of said reinforcing support frame are of equal cross-sectional capacity and are joined above or below said first supporting frame. Alternatively, the beams of both support structures may be leveled and joined.
最も長く重い大梁は、前記第１支持架構を構成する大梁Ｇ１であり、１本当りの重量は、１台もしくは同時に使用される（例えば、２台のクレーンによる相吊りの場合のような）複数のクレーンの全楊重能力限界以下であるように設計される必要があるが、本実施例における大梁Ｇ１およびＧ１aの長さＬ１は、塔体Ｃ直径の約１/√２と短く、かつ８本掛け渡されるので、特許文献１記載の発明に係る井桁状大梁Ｇに比べて、かなりの軽量化が可能となる。 The longest and heaviest girders are the girders G1 that constitute the first support frame, and the weight per girder is used singly or simultaneously (as in the case of two cranes hanging together). The length L 1 of the girders G 1 and G 1a in this embodiment is about 1/√2 of the tower body C diameter, although it must be designed to be less than the total lifting capacity limit of multiple cranes. Since the girders G are short and spanned by 8 beams, the weight can be considerably reduced as compared with the grid-shaped girders G according to the invention described in Patent Document 1.
例えば、直径５０ｍのサイロにおいて、井桁状大梁Ｇの梁間隔Ｗ（図７(a)参照）を２０ｍとした時、大梁Ｇ長さは４６.２ｍだが、より大きい直径６０ｍのサイロであっても、本発明によれば、大梁Ｇ１の長さＬ１（図１(a)参照）は６０ｍ/√２≒４２.０ｍで済む。 For example, in a silo with a diameter of 50m, when the beam interval W (see FIG. 7(a)) of the girder G is 20m, the length of the girder G is 46.2m. , according to the present invention, the length L 1 of the girders G 1 (see FIG. 1(a)) is only 60 m/√2≈42.0 m.
即ち、大梁Ｇ１の長さは大梁Ｇよりも短いので、その重量も大梁Ｇよりも軽くできる。よって、大梁を井桁状配置にするとクレーン２台による相吊りをしても楊重しきれない場合であっても、第１支持架構が塔体Ｃにほぼ内接する正方形配置とする本発明による構造体であれば、大梁の楊重が可能になるので、より大口径のサイロに適用範囲を拡張できると言える。 That is, since the length of the girders G1 is shorter than that of the girders G, the weight of the girders G1 can be made lighter than that of the girders G. Therefore, even if the girders are arranged in a grid pattern, even if the weight cannot be lifted even if two cranes are used to lift them together, the structure according to the present invention is such that the first support frame is arranged in a square shape that is substantially inscribed in the tower body C. If it is a body, it can be said that the range of application can be expanded to a larger diameter silo because it is possible to lift the girders.
次に、前記第１支持架構の各大梁Ｇ１の中点を結び正方形配置された４本の中間梁Ｇ２により、第２支持架構が構築される。 Next, the second support frame is constructed by connecting the midpoints of the large beams G1 of the first support frame and forming a square arrangement of four intermediate beams G2 .
前記第２支持架構の４本の中間梁Ｇ２は、同等の断面性能であり、前記第１支持架構の上に載せられて接合される。あるいは、両支持架構の梁を同じ高さにして接合してもよい。 The four intermediate beams G2 of the second support frame have the same cross-sectional performance and are placed on and joined to the first support frame. Alternatively, the beams of both support structures may be leveled and joined.
以下、前記第２支持架構を構成する４本の中間梁Ｇ２と同じ要領にて、第Ｎ支持架構の中間梁ＧＮ（図１では、Ｎ＝３～４）が、第（Ｎ－１）支持架構の各中間梁ＧＮ-1の中点を結び正方形配置にて配設される。 Next, in the same manner as the four intermediate beams G 2 constituting the second support frame, the intermediate beams G N (N=3 to 4 in FIG. 1) of the Nth support frame ) are arranged in a square arrangement by connecting the midpoints of the intermediate beams GN -1 of the support frame.
最後となる第Ｎ支持架構（図１では、Ｎ＝４）の正方形の四隅に、長さが同じで断面性能が同等の火打ち梁Ｈが前記第Ｎ支持架構の上に載せられ、もしくは前記第Ｎ支持架構の中間梁ＧＮと同じ高さに配設されている。 At the four corners of the square of the last N-th support frame (N = 4 in FIG. 1), stilt beams H having the same length and the same cross-sectional performance are placed on the N-th support frame, or It is installed at the same height as the intermediate beam GN of the N support frame.
火打ち梁Ｈの中点を結ぶ４本の最上部支持梁Ｔにて、最上部支持架構が構成されており、最上部支持梁Ｔは、同等の断面性能を有し、その長さは、塔状建物頂部に設置される機械室等の施設建屋３の規模に応じて決定され、またそれに合わせて、前記火打ち梁Ｈの長さも決定される。
The top support frame is composed of four top support beams T connecting the midpoints of the stilt beams H. The top support beams T have the same cross-sectional performance, and their length is the same as the tower. It is determined according to the scale of the
施設建屋３は、前記最上部支持架構の最上部支持梁Ｔを頼りに床組みされ、その上に構築される。
The
以上のように、前記各支持架構を構成する４本の梁長さは同じであるので、断面性能が同等であれば、施設建屋３内の積載荷重に偏在があっても、塔体Ｃ頂部の開口部躯体に定着された大梁Ｇ１の支持点に作用する鉛直荷重は、集中することなく比較的均等に分散されるので、塔体Ｃの負担が軽減される。
As described above, since the length of the four beams constituting each support frame is the same, if the cross-sectional performance is the same, even if the load in the
図２は、本発明の第２実施例である。図２に図示のように、サイロの塔体Ｃ頂部の開口部躯体に、先ず、同等の断面性能を有する４本の大梁Ｇ１が、クレーンにて１本ずつ順次掛け渡され、その梁端部が定着され、図２（a）に図示のように、平面視で正方形配置の第１支持架構が構築される。 FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the invention. As shown in FIG. 2, first, four large beams G1 having the same cross-sectional performance are sequentially spanned one by one by a crane to the opening skeleton at the top of the tower body C of the silo. The part is fixed, and as shown in FIG. 2(a), a first support frame arranged in a square in plan view is constructed.
前記第１支持架構を構成する大梁Ｇ１１本の重量は、１台もしくは同時に使用される（例えば、２台のクレーンによる相吊りの場合のような）複数のクレーンの全楊重能力限界以下であるように設定されている。 The weight of one girder G 1 constituting the first support structure is not more than the total lifting capacity limit of one or more cranes used simultaneously (e.g., in the case of two cranes hoisting together). is set to be
同等の断面性能を有する４本の中間梁Ｇ２が、前記第１支持架構の各大梁Ｇ１の中点を結んで掛け渡され、第２支持架構が構成されており、前記第２支持架構は、前記第１支持架構の上に載せられ、もしくは前記第１支持架構の大梁Ｇ１と同じ高さに配設され、接合されている。 Four intermediate beams G2 having the same cross-sectional performance are connected and stretched across the midpoints of the girders G1 of the first support frame to constitute the second support frame. is placed on the first support frame or arranged at the same height as the girder G1 of the first support frame and joined.
前記第２支持架構が接続された前記第１支持架構の各大梁Ｇ１の中点から、前記第１支持架構の各大梁Ｇ１に直交して外方向に、補強梁ｇが前記塔体Ｃ頂部の開口部躯体まで掛け渡されており、前記補強梁ｇは、少なくとも前記第２支持架構と剛接合されている。 From the midpoint of each girder G1 of the first support frame to which the second support frame is connected, the reinforcing beam g extends outward perpendicularly to the girder G1 of the first support frame. The reinforcement beam g is stretched to the top opening frame, and is rigidly connected to at least the second support frame.
最も長く重い大梁は、前記第１支持架構を構成する大梁Ｇ１であり、前記第１実施例と同じく、本実施例における大梁の長さは、塔体Ｃ直径の約１/√２と短く、かつ前記第２支持架構と剛接合される補強梁ｇが設置されるので、特許文献１記載の発明に係る井桁状大梁Ｇに比べて、かなりの軽量化が可能となる。 The longest and heaviest girders are girders G1 that constitute the first support frame. As in the first embodiment, the length of the girders in this embodiment is as short as about 1/√2 of the diameter of the tower body C. In addition, since the reinforcing beam g rigidly joined to the second support frame is installed, it is possible to reduce the weight significantly compared to the grid-shaped girder G according to the invention described in Patent Document 1.
第３支持架構以降の形態は、前記第１実施例と同様であり、以下、前記第２支持架構と同じ要領にて、第（Ｎ－１）支持架構（図２では、Ｎ＝３～４）の各中間梁ＧＮ-1の中点を結び正方形配置された、同等の断面性能を有する４本の中間梁ＧＮによって、第Ｎ支持架構が構成されている。 The configuration after the third support frame is the same as in the first embodiment, and the (N−1) support frame (N=3 to 4 in FIG. ), the N-th support frame is composed of four intermediate beams GN having the same cross-sectional performance, which are arranged in a square by connecting the midpoints of each intermediate beam GN -1 .
最後となる第Ｎ支持架構（図２では、Ｎ＝４）の正方形の四隅に、長さが同じで断面性能が同等の火打ち梁Ｈが前記第Ｎ支持架構の上に載せられ、もしくは前記第Ｎ支持架構の中間梁ＧＮと同じ高さに配設されている。 At the four corners of the square of the last N-th support frame (N = 4 in FIG. 2), stilt beams H with the same length and the same cross-sectional performance are placed on the N-th support frame, or It is installed at the same height as the intermediate beam GN of the N support frame.
火打ち梁Ｈの中点を結ぶ４本の最上部支持梁Ｔにて、最上部支持架構が構成されており、最上部支持梁Ｔは、同等の断面性能を有し、その長さは、塔状建物頂部に設置される機械室等の施設建屋３の規模に応じて決定され、またそれに合わせて、前記火打ち梁Ｈの長さも決定される。
The top support frame is composed of four top support beams T connecting the midpoints of the stilt beams H. The top support beams T have the same cross-sectional performance, and their length is the same as the tower. It is determined according to the scale of the
施設建屋３は、前記最上部支持架構の最上部支持梁Ｔを頼りに床組みされ、その上に構築される。
The
上記第２実施例では、前記第１支持架構の各大梁Ｇ１に直交して外方向に取り付けられた補強梁ｇが、前記第１支持架構の各大梁Ｇ１を補強するので、本発明の第１実施例における補強架構Ｇ１ａを省くことが可能になる。 In the above-described second embodiment, the reinforcement beams g attached in the outward direction perpendicular to the girder G1 of the first support frame reinforce the girder G1 of the first support frame. It becomes possible to omit the reinforcing frame G1a in the first embodiment.
本発明の第３実施例は、前記第２実施例における前記第１支持架構の各大梁Ｇ１のような正方形配置ではなく、図３に図示の架構梁伏図のように、塔体Ｃに内接する仮想正方形Ｓを拡大した正方形４辺上に大梁Ｇ１を配置して、隅切り正方形配置の第１支持架構を構成するものである。 In the third embodiment of the present invention, instead of the square arrangement of the girders G1 of the first support frame in the second embodiment, as in the frame beam plan shown in FIG. The girders G1 are arranged on the four sides of a square obtained by enlarging the inscribed virtual square S to form the first support frame of the corner-cut square arrangement.
即ち、仮想正方形Ｓの辺の長さＬＳよりも短い長さＬ１で、断面性能が同等の４本の大梁Ｇ１により第１支持架構が構成され、その大梁Ｇ１の両端が塔体Ｃ頂部の開口部躯体に定着されており、大梁Ｇ１１本の重量は、１台もしくは同時使用される複数台のクレーンの全楊重能力限界以下であるように設定されている。 That is, the first support frame is composed of four girder G1 having a length L1 shorter than the side length L S of the virtual square S and having the same cross-sectional performance, and both ends of the girder G1 are the tower body It is fixed to the opening frame of the C top, and the weight of one girder G 1 is set so that it is less than the total lifting capacity limit of one or more than one crane used simultaneously.
前記第１支持架構の各大梁Ｇ１の中点を結び正方形配置された４本の中間梁Ｇ２により構成される第２支持架構およびそれ以降の各支持架構の構成は、前記第２実施例と同じである。 The structure of the second support frame, which is composed of four intermediate beams G2 arranged in a square by connecting the midpoints of the large girders G1 of the first support frame, and each subsequent support frame is the same as that of the second embodiment. is the same as
但し、本実施例の場合には、前記第２実施例の大梁Ｇ１の長さとほぼ同じである仮想正方形Ｓの辺の長さＬＳに比べ、本実施例の大梁Ｇ１の長さＬ１は短くなり、前記第２実施例の大梁Ｇ１と断面性能が同等であれば、曲げ強度および曲げ剛性が高まるので、前記第２実施例では設置される補強梁ｇは、必ずしも設けなくてもよいかもしれない。 However , in the case of this embodiment, the length L 1 is shortened, and if the cross-sectional performance is equivalent to that of the girder G 1 of the second embodiment, the bending strength and bending rigidity are increased. may be good.
図４は、本発明の第４実施例の架構梁伏図であり、第１支持架構の各大梁Ｇ１は、前記第３実施例における第１支持架構の各大梁Ｇ１の配置と同じであるが、前記第１支持架構の内側に配設される中間梁ＧＮ（但し、整数Ｎ≧２）の配置が異なる。 FIG. 4 is a frame beam plan of the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and each girder G1 of the first support frame is arranged in the same manner as the girder G1 of the first support frame in the third embodiment. However, the arrangement of intermediate beams G N (where integer N≧2) disposed inside the first support frame is different.
即ち、前記第１支持架構を構成する４本の大梁Ｇ１に対して４５°の角度をなして架け渡される４本の中間梁Ｇ２は、長さが同じで断面性能が同等であって、相互に交差することなく、１本の前記大梁Ｇ１に接合される前記中間梁Ｇ２の支持点は一定の距離を置いて、ハの字状に、前記第１支持架構の大梁Ｇ１の上に載せられ、もしくは前記第１支持架構の大梁Ｇ１と同じ高さに配設され、接合されて、第２支持架構が構成されている。 That is, the four intermediate beams G2 , which are bridged at an angle of 45° with respect to the four large beams G1 constituting the first support frame, have the same length and the same cross-sectional performance. , the support points of the intermediate beams G2 joined to one girder G1 without intersecting each other are spaced apart at a certain distance in a V-shaped girder G1 of the first support frame. or placed at the same height as the girder G1 of the first support frame and joined together to form a second support frame.
以下、前記第２支持架構の中間梁Ｇ２と同じ要領にて、第（Ｎ－１）支持架構（図４では、Ｎ＝３～４）を構成する４本の梁に対して４５°の角度をなして、長さが同じで断面性能が同等の４本の中間梁ＧＮが、その中間梁ＧＮ-１上の２つの支持点は一定の距離いてハの字状に掛け渡され、第Ｎ支持架構が構成されている。 Below, in the same manner as the intermediate beam G 2 of the second support frame, the four beams that make up the (N-1) support frame (N = 3 to 4 in FIG. 4) are tilted at 45°. Four intermediate beams GN of the same length and the same cross-sectional performance form an angle, and two support points on the intermediate beam GN -1 are spanned at a certain distance in a V-shape. , N-th support frame.
上記本発明の第４実施例では、前記第１支持架構の大梁Ｇ１が支える前記第２支持架構の中間梁Ｇ２の支持点が、前記第１支持架構の１本の大梁Ｇ１上で一定の距離を置いて２点に分かれるので、前記第１乃至第３実施例のように、１点集中の場合よりも前記第１支持架構の大梁Ｇ１の曲げモーメントが小さくなり、その大梁Ｇ１の重量軽減に繋がる。また、前記第Ｎ支持架構を支持する前記第（Ｎ－１）支持架構（図４では、Ｎ＝３～４）の中間梁ＧＮ-1についても同様である。 In the fourth embodiment of the present invention, the support point of the intermediate beam G2 of the second support frame supported by the girder G1 of the first support frame is one girder G1 of the first support frame. Since it is divided into two points at a constant distance, the bending moment of the girder G1 of the first support frame becomes smaller than in the case of concentration at one point as in the first to third embodiments. It leads to weight reduction of 1 . The same applies to the intermediate beam G N-1 of the (N−1)th support frame (N=3 to 4 in FIG. 4) that supports the Nth support frame.
最後となる第Ｎ支持架構（図４では、Ｎ＝４）と、その隅切り正方形の四隅に配設される火打ち梁Ｈおよび最上部架構他については、前記第３実施例と同じ要領にて設置される。 The final N-th support frame (N=4 in FIG. 4), the stilt beams H and the top frame, etc., which are arranged at the four corners of the corner-cut square, are determined in the same manner as in the third embodiment. Installed.
以上記載の実施例４つに共通して、前記第Ｎ支持架構が前記第（Ｎ－１）支持架構（但し、整数Ｎ≧２）に上載され、階段状に構築された場合は、塔体Ｃ中央に行く程、支持架構を構成する梁の床からの高さが高くなるので、サイロのように、貯蔵物２（図１（b）、図２（b）参照）が施設建屋３の中央直下から落とし込まれて円錐状に堆積する場合には、内部空間の有効利用の観点から好ましく、サイロの軒高さを低く抑えることができる。 In common with the four embodiments described above, when the N-th support frame is placed on the (N-1)-th support frame (where the integer N≧2) and is constructed in a stepped manner, the tower body As you go to the center of C, the height from the floor of the beams that make up the support frame increases, so storage 2 (see Figs. When it is dropped from directly below the center and deposited in a conical shape, it is preferable from the viewpoint of effective utilization of the internal space, and the height of the eaves of the silo can be kept low.
また、図１（b）、図２（b）に図示のように、支持架構を全て階段状に構築するのではなく、例えば、図５（a）に図示のように、中間梁Ｇ２と中間梁Ｇ３の間にのみに段差を設けた形態、あるいは、図５（b）に図示のように、中間梁Ｇ２～Ｇ４および最上部支持梁Ｔの高さを大梁Ｇ１と同じとした形態にすることもできる。 In addition, instead of constructing all the support frames stepwise as shown in FIGS. 1(b) and 2(b), for example, as shown in FIG. A form in which a step is provided only between the intermediate beams G3 , or, as shown in FIG . It can also be in the form of
全ての梁が階段状に重ねられる場合よりも、水平な屋根面が増えるので、前記のような内部空間の有効利用の観点では不利だが、屋根部外装工事においては、仕上げ面積（表面積）が減る、あるいは、雨漏りの弱点になり易い段差部（出隅および入隅）が減るので、コスト減に寄与すると共に、各支持架構間の段差の数を調整することで、貯蔵物の種類や建物用途に応じて、屋根部の形状を選択することができる。 Compared to the case where all the beams are stacked in a stepped manner, the horizontal roof surface increases, so it is disadvantageous from the viewpoint of effective use of the interior space as described above, but the finished area (surface area) is reduced in roof exterior construction. Alternatively, the number of steps (external corners and internal corners), which are likely to be weak points for rain leakage, is reduced, contributing to cost reduction. The shape of the roof can be selected according to
また、以上記載の実施例４つに共通して、前記第１支持架構は正方形もしくは正方形に近い配置であるため、それらの支持架構を構成する大梁Ｇ１が定着される塔体Ｃ頂部の開口部躯体の平面形状は、４の倍数の正多角形であれば、全支持架構の平面配置は４分の１対称となり、塔状建物頂部に設置される構造物の荷重は、分散して塔体Ｃ頂部の開口部躯体へ伝達され、集中が避けられるので、必ずしも円である必要はない。例えば、開口部躯体が正八角形の場合の平面配置例を、図６（a）、（b）に示す。（a）は本発明の第１実施例に対応し、（b）は同じく第４実施例に対応する。 Further, common to the four embodiments described above, since the first support frame is square or nearly square, the opening at the top of the tower body C to which the girders G1 constituting the support frame are fixed is fixed. If the planar shape of the frame is a regular polygon that is a multiple of 4, the planar arrangement of all the support frames will be 1/4 symmetrical, and the load of the structure installed at the top of the tower-like building will be distributed and the tower It does not necessarily have to be circular as it is transmitted to the opening skeleton at the top of body C and avoids concentration. For example, an example of planar arrangement when the opening frame is a regular octagon is shown in FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b). (a) corresponds to the first embodiment of the present invention, and (b) similarly corresponds to the fourth embodiment.
なお、前記各支持架構を構成する４本の梁の断面性能に、ある程度の差があっても、塔状建物頂部に設置される構造物の重量が分散されて、塔体頂部に伝達された時のばらつきはそれ程大きくないので、塔体への影響は小さく、厳密に同じ断面性能とする必要はない。 Even if there is some difference in the cross-sectional performance of the four beams that make up each support frame, the weight of the structure installed at the top of the tower-like building is distributed and transferred to the top of the tower body. Since the time variation is not so large, the effect on the tower body is small, and it is not necessary to have the same cross-sectional performance strictly.
本発明は、石炭貯蔵サイロ等の塔状で高層の建物頂部に設置される構造物の施工において、仮設支柱による従来工法やリフトアップ工法に比べて、低コストおよび工期短縮を実現するクレーンによる施工方法を提供するものであって、尚かつ、特許文献１記載の発明の方法ではクレーンの楊重能力で限界付けられるような、更に大型の塔状建物まで適用範囲を広げ、その頂部に設置される構造物の施工合理化に大いに貢献するものである。 The present invention uses a crane to achieve lower costs and a shorter construction period than the conventional construction method using temporary posts or the lift-up construction method in the construction of a tower-shaped structure installed on the top of a high-rise building such as a coal storage silo. In addition, the method of the invention described in Patent Document 1 expands the scope of application to even larger tower-like buildings that are limited by the lifting capacity of the crane, and is installed at the top of the building. This will greatly contribute to the rationalization of the construction of structures with
１：クレーン
２：貯蔵物
３：施設建屋
Ｃ：塔体
Ｇ：大梁（井桁配置）
Ｇ１：大梁
Ｇ１a：補強大梁
Ｇ２、Ｇ３、Ｇ４：中間梁
ｇ：補強梁
Ｈ：火打ち梁
Ｌ1：大梁の長さ
ＬＳ：仮想正方形一辺の長さ
Ｓ：仮想正方形
Ｔ：最上部支持梁
Ｗ：梁間隔（井桁配置）
1: Crane 2: Storage 3: Facility building C: Tower body G: Large beam (placement of wells)
G1 : Large girders G1a : Reinforcement girders G2 , G3 , G4 : Intermediate girders g: Reinforcement girders H: Strike girders L1 : Length of girders LS : Length of one side of imaginary square S: Imaginary square T: Uppermost support beam W: Beam spacing (parallel grid arrangement)
Claims (4)
１）前記塔体頂部の開口部躯体に、平面視で正方形配置にて掛け渡され、同等の断面性能を有する４本の大梁により、第１支持架構が構成されている。
２）前記第１支持架構と辺の長さを同じくし、平面視で前記第１支持架構を４５度回転させた配置にて、前記塔体頂部の開口部躯体に掛け渡された補強架構が、前記第１支持架構との交差部にて連結されており、前記補強架構を構成する４本の補強大梁は、同等の断面性能を有し、前記第１支持架構の上または下に、もしくは前記第１支持架構の大梁と同じ高さに配設され、接合されている。
３）前記第１支持架構の各大梁の中点を結び、同等の断面性能を有する４本の中間梁によって第２支持架構が構成されており、前記第２支持架構は、前記第１支持架構の上に載せられ、もしくは前記第１支持架構の大梁と同じ高さに配設され、接合されている。
４）前記第２支持架構と同じ要領にて、第（Ｎ－１）支持架構（但し、整数Ｎ≧２）を構成する４本の梁の中点を結び、同等の断面性能を有する４本の中間梁によって、第Ｎ支持架構が構成されている。
５）最後の第Ｎ支持架構の正方形の四隅に、長さが同じで断面性能が同等の火打ち梁が前記最後の第Ｎ支持架構の上に載せられ、もしくは前記最後の第Ｎ支持架構の中間梁と同じ高さに配設されている。
６）前記火打ち梁の中点を結ぶ４本の最上部支持梁にて、最上部支持架構が構成されている。
以上の構成を特徴とする、塔状建物頂部に設置される構造体。 A structure installed on the top of a tower-like building having a plane of a circle or a regular polygon that is a multiple of four, wherein the top of the tower of the tower-like building is:
1) A first support structure is constructed by four large girders having the same cross-sectional performance, which are spanned over the opening frame at the top of the tower body in a square arrangement in a plan view.
2) With the side length of the first support frame being the same as that of the first support frame, and the first support frame rotated 45 degrees in plan view, the reinforcement frame spanned over the opening at the top of the tower body is provided. , are connected at intersections with the first support frame, and the four reinforcing girders that constitute the reinforcing frame have the same cross-sectional performance and are above or below the first support frame, or It is arranged at the same height as the girders of the first support frame and joined.
3) The second support frame is composed of four intermediate beams having the same cross-sectional performance, connecting the midpoints of the large girders of the first support frame, and the second support frame is the first support frame. or placed at the same height as the girders of the first support frame and joined.
4) In the same manner as the second support frame, connect the midpoints of the four beams that make up the (N-1)th support frame (where the integer N≧2), and four beams having the same cross-sectional performance The N-th support frame is composed of the intermediate beams of .
5) At the four corners of the square of the last Nth support frame, stilt beams of the same length and the same cross-sectional performance are mounted on said last Nth support frame, or in the middle of said last Nth support frame. It is installed at the same height as the beam.
6) A top support frame is composed of four top support beams connecting the midpoints of the above-mentioned stilt beams.
A structure installed at the top of a tower-like building characterized by the above configuration.
１）前記塔体頂部の開口部躯体に、平面視で正方形配置にて掛け渡され、同等の断面性能を有する４本の大梁により、第１支持架構が構成されている。
２）前記第１支持架構の各大梁の中点を結び、同等の断面性能を有する４本の中間梁によって第２支持架構が構成されており、前記第２支持架構は、前記第１支持架構の上に載せられ、もしくは前記第１支持架構の大梁と同じ高さに配設され、接合されている。
３）前記第２支持架構が接続された前記第１支持架構の各大梁の中点から、前記第１支持架構の各大梁に直交して外方向に、補強梁が前記塔体頂部の開口部躯体まで掛け渡されており、前記補強梁は、少なくとも前記第２支持架構と剛接合されている。
４）以下、前記第２支持架構と同じ要領にて、第（Ｎ－１）支持架構（但し、整数Ｎ≧２）を構成する４本の梁の中点を結び、同等の断面性能を有する４本の中間梁によって、第Ｎ支持架構が構成されている。
５）最後の第Ｎ支持架構の正方形の四隅に、長さが同じで断面性能が同等の火打ち梁が前記最後の第Ｎ支持架構の上に載せられ、もしくは前記最後の第Ｎ支持架構の中間梁と同じ高さに配設されている。
６）前記火打ち梁の中点を結ぶ４本の最上部支持梁にて、最上部支持架構が構成されている。
以上の構成を特徴とする、塔状建物頂部に設置される構造体。 A structure installed on the top of a tower-like building having a plane of a circle or a regular polygon that is a multiple of four, wherein the top of the tower of the tower-like building is:
1) A first support structure is constructed by four large girders having the same cross-sectional performance, which are spanned over the opening frame at the top of the tower body in a square arrangement in a plan view.
2) The second support frame is composed of four intermediate beams having the same cross-sectional performance, which connect the midpoints of the large girders of the first support frame, and the second support frame is the first support frame. or placed at the same height as the girders of the first support frame and joined.
3) From the midpoint of each large beam of the first support frame to which the second support frame is connected, a reinforcing beam extends outward perpendicularly to each large beam of the first support frame to the opening at the top of the tower body. The reinforcement beam is stretched to the skeleton, and is rigidly connected to at least the second support frame.
4) Below, in the same manner as the second support frame, connect the midpoints of the four beams that make up the (N-1)th support frame (where integer N≧2), and have the same cross-sectional performance. The four intermediate beams constitute the Nth support frame.
5) At the four corners of the square of the last Nth support frame, stilt beams of the same length and the same cross-sectional performance are mounted on said last Nth support frame, or in the middle of said last Nth support frame. It is installed at the same height as the beam.
6) A top support frame is composed of four top support beams connecting the midpoints of the above-mentioned stilt beams.
A structure installed at the top of a tower-like building characterized by the above configuration.
１）前記塔体に内接する仮想正方形を拡大した正方形の４辺上に、長さが同じで断面性能が同等の４本の大梁が配置され、その大梁両端が塔体頂部の開口部躯体に定着されて、第１支持架構が構成されている。
２）前記第１支持架構の各大梁の中点を結び、同等の断面性能を有する４本の中間梁によって第２支持架構が構成されており、前記第２支持架構は、前記第１支持架構の上に載せられ、もしくは前記第１支持架構の大梁と同じ高さに配設され、接合されている。
３）前記第２支持架構の中間梁と同じ要領にて、第（Ｎ－１）支持架構（但し、整数Ｎ≧２）を構成する４本の梁の中点を結び、同等の断面性能を有する４本の中間梁によって、第Ｎ支持架構が構成されている。
４）最後の第Ｎ支持架構の正方形の四隅に、長さが同じで断面性能が同等の火打ち梁が前記最後の第Ｎ支持架構の上に載せられ、もしくは前記最後の第Ｎ支持架構の中間梁と同じ高さに配設されている。
５）前記火打ち梁の中点を結ぶ４本の最上部支持梁にて、最上部支持架構が構成されている。
以上の構成を特徴とする、塔状建物頂部に設置される構造体。 A structure installed on the top of a tower-like building having a plane of a circle or a regular polygon that is a multiple of four, wherein the top of the tower of the tower-like building is:
1) On the four sides of a square obtained by enlarging the imaginary square inscribed in the tower body, four large beams of the same length and the same cross-sectional performance are arranged, and both ends of the large beams are attached to the opening skeleton at the top of the tower body. It is fixed to form a first support frame.
2) The second support frame is composed of four intermediate beams having the same cross-sectional performance, which connect the midpoints of the large girders of the first support frame, and the second support frame is the first support frame. or placed at the same height as the girders of the first support frame and joined.
3) In the same manner as the intermediate beams of the second support frame, connect the midpoints of the four beams that make up the (N-1)th support frame (where integer N≧2), and achieve the same cross-sectional performance. The Nth support frame is configured by the four intermediate beams.
4) At the four corners of the square of the last Nth support frame, stilt beams of the same length and the same cross-sectional performance are placed on said last Nth support frame, or in the middle of said last Nth support frame. It is installed at the same height as the beam.
5) A top support frame is composed of four top support beams connecting the midpoints of the above-mentioned stilt beams.
A structure installed at the top of a tower-like building characterized by the above configuration.
１）前記塔体に内接する仮想正方形を拡大した正方形の４辺上に、長さが同じで断面性能が同等の４本の大梁が配置され、その大梁両端が塔体頂部の開口部躯体に定着されて、第１支持架構が構成されている。
２）前記第１支持架構を構成する４本の大梁に対して４５°の角度を成して架け渡される４本の中間梁は、長さが同じで断面性能が同等であって、相互に交差することなく、１本の前記大梁に接合される前記中間梁の２つの支持点は一定の距離を置いて、ハの字状に、前記第１支持架構の大梁の上に載せられ、もしくは前記第１支持架構の大梁と同じ高さに配設され、接合されて、第２支持架構が構成されている。
３）前記第２支持架構の中間梁と同じ要領にて、第（Ｎ－１）支持架構（但し、整数Ｎ≧２）を構成する４本の梁に掛け渡され、長さが同じで断面性能が同等の４本の中間梁によって、第Ｎ支持架構が構成されている。
４）最後の第Ｎ支持架構の正方形の四隅に、長さが同じで断面性能が同等の火打ち梁が前記最後の第Ｎ支持架構の上に載せられ、もしくは前記最後の第Ｎ支持架構の中間梁と同じ高さに配設されている。
５）前記火打ち梁の中点を結ぶ４本の最上部支持梁にて、最上部支持架構が構成されている。
以上の構成を特徴とする、塔状建物頂部に設置される構造体。 A structure installed on the top of a tower-like building having a plane of a circle or a regular polygon that is a multiple of four, wherein the top of the tower of the tower-like building is:
1) On the four sides of a square obtained by enlarging the imaginary square inscribed in the tower body, four large beams of the same length and the same cross-sectional performance are arranged, and both ends of the large beams are attached to the opening skeleton at the top of the tower body. It is fixed to form a first support frame.
2) The four intermediate beams that are spanned at an angle of 45° with respect to the four large beams that constitute the first support frame have the same length and the same cross-sectional performance. The two support points of the intermediate beam that are joined to the single girder without intersecting are placed on the girder of the first support frame in a V shape with a certain distance, or It is arranged at the same height as the girders of the first support frame and joined together to form a second support frame.
3) In the same manner as the intermediate beam of the second support frame, it is spanned over the four beams that constitute the (N-1)th support frame (where the integer N≧2), and has the same length and cross section The N-th support frame is composed of four intermediate beams having the same performance.
4) At the four corners of the square of the last Nth support frame, stilt beams of the same length and the same cross-sectional performance are placed on said last Nth support frame, or in the middle of said last Nth support frame. It is installed at the same height as the beam.
5) A top support frame is composed of four top support beams connecting the midpoints of the above-mentioned stilt beams.
A structure installed at the top of a tower-like building characterized by the above configuration.
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