JP7186443B2 - Impact dismantling device - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an impact dismantling device used when disposing of electronic equipment such as mobile phones.

The number of electronic devices such as smartphones and mobile phones that are disposed of as waste is increasing year by year. There is a strong demand for efficient dismantling, roughly dividing, and individual disposal and recycling.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-200001 discloses that a part of a housing is separated by cutting a side surface of a portable device with a knife. Patent Literature 2 discloses that the housing is dismantled with a tool such as a spatula after the bonding strength of the housing is lowered by heating.

Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-133798 Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-094251

For such dismantling devices, the processing efficiency is targeted to shorten the processing time to less than 1 second per unit. Furthermore, if an excessive shock is applied to the battery built in the electronic device, the danger of ignition increases, and processing is forced to be interrupted.
With the techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, it was difficult to solve such conflicting problems at once.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to simultaneously apply optimized impacts to a plurality of locations on a partially cut electronic device such as a mobile phone, thereby preventing excessive crushing and excessive impacts. The object is to achieve high-speed separation of electronic substrates, batteries, housings, and the like.

In order to solve this problem, the impact dismantling apparatus of the present invention includes a storage mechanism provided with an ejection opening for storing electronic devices that have been put in and ejecting them to a conveying device, and a predetermined posture for the electronic devices on the conveying device. , a cutting mechanism that cuts a predetermined width along both edges of the electronic device that is conveyed in the positioned state, and an electronic device that is discharged from the conveying device after both edges are cut. In contrast, there are at least two striking devices arranged to strike opposite ends of the severed edge.

According to the present invention, since at least two striking devices reliably strike both ends of the cut edge, excessive crushing, battery ignition, etc. do not occur within one second per electronic device. , optimum crushing can be achieved.

FIG. 1 is a table showing the crushing evaluation points for each mode of cutting the end of a mobile phone when a chain is used as a striking device and the rotational speed of the chain is changed. FIG. 2 is a table showing the probability of occurrence of a crushed state with an evaluation point of 2 or higher for each of both-end impact and single-end impact. FIG. 3 is an overall view showing an embodiment of the invention.

In order to simultaneously solve the conflicting problems as described above, the inventors conducted various experiments using a so-called cross-flow shredder that rotates the chain in the crushing vessel and strikes and crushes the material to be crushed. rice field.
In this experiment, a SUS chain with a link diameter of 8 mm, 6 links, length of 208 mm (6 links), width of 28 mm, and weight of 248 g (6 links) was used. The kinetic energy E (E=m·v ² /2) determined by the tip speed v was variously changed, and the state of crushing and pulverization for each kinetic energy was analyzed.

Furthermore, as samples of crushed products, mobile phone waste was used, the case where the ends were not cut (M0), and the case where the long sides (edges) were cut at a width of 3 mm and two sides were cut (M2). , and a case (M4) in which four sides are cut with a cutting width of 3 mm at the ends of the long sides and with a cutting width of 5 mm at the ends of the short sides.
Here, the board on which the most electronic parts such as ICs are mounted is called the "main board", and the evaluation point 3 is the most desirable crushed state in which the main board is separated from the housing and the battery is separated from the board. , Evaluation point 2 is the state where one surface of the main board is exposed and the battery is separated from the board, Evaluation point 1 is the state where the main board is not exposed or (and) the battery is not separated from the board A state of evaluation point 0 was defined as a state in which the main substrate was crushed or pulverized.
If the evaluation score is 2 or more, the next step of peeling the electronic parts from the substrate can be performed without damaging the battery, so it can be judged that the disassembly has been successful from an industrial point of view.

The experimental results are as shown in the table of FIG.
In the case of chain rotation speed (4) (kinetic energy of 6.4 J) or more, in the cases of M2 and M4 in which cutting processing was applied to the sample, the evaluation score was 2 or more, and the dismantling was successful. On the other hand, in the case of M0 where no cutting treatment was applied to the sample, the evaluation score was less than 2 at any chain rotation speed, and dismantling was not successful.
From this, it was confirmed that the obtained crushing state depends greatly on the chain rotation speed, the chain tip speed, and the kinetic energy, and that the kinetic energy E should exceed 6.4J. However, if the kinetic energy E is excessively increased, it causes destruction of the battery as described above.

Therefore, a more detailed analysis of the experimental example that gave a high evaluation score shows that in the case of cutting the ends of the long side (M2), at both ends, in the direction orthogonal to the long side (direction along the short side) When the chain collided, it became clear that high evaluation points were obtained stably.

In order to verify this, as an additional experiment, the behavior of M2 inside the crusher at a chain rotation speed (3), ie, a rotation speed of 1715 rpm, was observed with a high-speed camera.
As a result, the manner of impact was roughly divided into two types: impact applied to both ends of the long side (both ends impact) and impact applied to only one end of the long side (single impact impact).
The table in FIG. 2 shows the occurrence probabilities of cases in which 9 cases of double-end hitting and one-end hitting occurred, and the evaluation score was 2 or higher.
The average score for single-end hitting was 1.33, whereas the average score for double-end hitting was 2.44.

Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, a technical means as shown in FIG. 3 is adopted as an impact dismantling device in order to ensure that both-end impact occurs.
Small electronic devices to be discarded, such as mobile phones, put into a storage mechanism 1 such as a hopper are discharged one by one onto a first conveyor 2 through a discharge port 1a.
An alignment mechanism 3 such as a robot arm performs image analysis of the posture of the small electronic devices, and aligns the small electronic devices such that the long sides of the small electronic devices are parallel to the conveying direction and arranged at the center in the width direction of the first conveyor 2 .

Next, the first positioning mechanism 4, which moves at the same speed as the first conveyor 2, presses both long sides of the small electronic device at the same time to position and fix the small electronic device in an aligned state. The short side length of is measured.
Based on the measurement result of the short side length, the cutting width by the first cutting mechanism 5 such as a press or a grinder is automatically adjusted, and the long side end of the small electronic device fixed to the first positioning mechanism 4 is adjusted in advance. Cut at the specified width at the same time.

The small electronic device with both long sides cut off is pushed onto the second conveyor 7 at the end of the first conveyor 2 by the pushing mechanism 6, and the second positioning mechanism 8 moving at the same speed as the second conveyor 7 moves. Both short sides of the small electronic device are simultaneously pressed to position and fix, and the built-in measuring device measures the length of the long side of the small electronic device.
Based on the measurement result of the long side length, the cutting width by the second cutting mechanism 9 such as a press or a grinder is automatically adjusted, and the short side end of the small electronic device fixed to the second positioning mechanism 8 is cut in advance. Cut at the specified width at the same time.

In this way, the small electronic device whose four sides have been cut to a predetermined width is thrown into the striking device 10 using a chain or the like that is driven to rotate while maintaining its posture by the second positioning mechanism 8. .
The striking device 10 rotates a plurality of chains, hammers, or the like to apply an impact. Based on the length of the long side of the small electronic device measured by the second positioning mechanism 8, at least both long sides of the small electronic device are measured. An adjustment mechanism is provided inside the end portion to adjust the position on the rotation axis so as to apply a blow along the short side.

With the above configuration, the striking device 10 can strike a small electronic device in a short period of time of 1 second or less, and a high score of 2.44 or higher can be obtained.
In the above embodiment, M4 is used to cut the four sides. A high score can be stably obtained even if a small electronic device with both long sides or both short sides cut is thrown into the direct impact device 10 installed at the end of the first conveyor 2. - 特許庁
In addition, depending on the object to be crushed, it is possible to select suitable ones from commercially available products such as a striking mechanism, striking points on both sides of the cut, a positioning mechanism, and a cutting mechanism, and change them in various ways.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to achieve efficient crushing within one second per electronic device while reliably preventing excessive crushing and battery ignition with the minimum necessary impact. Therefore, it can be expected to be widely adopted as an impact dismantling device.

1: Storage Mechanism 2: First Conveyor 3: Alignment Mechanism 4: First Positioning Mechanism 5: First Cutting Mechanism 6: Pushing Mechanism 7: Second Conveyor 8: Second Positioning Mechanism 9: Second Cutting Mechanism 10: Impact Device

Claims (5)

a storage mechanism having a discharge port for storing the electronic device inserted and discharging it to the conveying device;
a positioning mechanism that positions the electronic device on the transport device so that it assumes a predetermined posture;
a cutting mechanism that cuts along both edges of the electronic device conveyed in a positioned state to a predetermined width;
A striking device arranged to strike both ends of a cut edge with at least two striking members , with respect to an electronic device discharged from the conveying device after both edges have been cut. an impact dismantling device , wherein the lower limit value of the kinetic energy E determined by the mass and tip speed is selected according to the form of the electronic device to be crushed. 2. The impact dismantling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the edge to be cut is the long side of the electronic device, and the striking member strikes both short sides of the electronic device. The conveying device, the positioning mechanism, and the cutting mechanism are arranged in two series, and both long sides and both short sides of the electronic device are sequentially cut into predetermined widths and discharged to the striking device. 2. The impact dismantling device according to claim 1. The positioning mechanism includes a measuring device that measures the length between the edges of the electronic device when the electronic device is positioned, and the cutting width of the cutting mechanism is automatically adjusted based on the measurement result. 4. The impact dismantling device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: 5. The lower limit value of the kinetic energy E is set to 6.4 J when the electronic device to be crushed is a mobile phone. an impact demolition device as described in .

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