JP7199010B2 - Power distribution system and switchboard system - Google Patents

Description

FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE The present disclosure relates generally to power distribution systems and panelboard systems, and more particularly to power distribution and panelboard systems that control the delivery of power to circuits.

Patent Literature 1 describes a power distribution system (seismic cutoff system) in which a distribution board is equipped with a seismic relay that senses the occurrence of an earthquake. In this power distribution system, when an earthquake of a predetermined seismic intensity or more occurs, the seismic relay causes the main breaker of the distribution board to cut off after a certain period of time.

As a result, the master circuit breaker performs a delayed shut-off operation when an earthquake occurs, so the lighting can be controlled so that it does not turn off immediately, and time for evacuation can be secured. Patent document 1 also describes that when an earthquake occurs, a specific branch breaker of a distribution board is immediately cut off.

JP 2018-68098 A

However, in the above power distribution system, when an earthquake occurs, only the main breaker or a specific branch breaker is cut off, and power is supplied to circuits including loads such as medical equipment, for example, which should not be cut off. there is no way to continue

The present disclosure has been made in view of the above reasons, and aims to provide a power distribution system and a distribution panel system that can more flexibly supply power in an emergency or the like.

A power distribution system according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes a switching board. The switching board is installed in a building containing a plurality of rooms. The switching board switches a source of power supply to a circuit in one of the plurality of rooms among a plurality of input terminals. At least one input terminal among the plurality of input terminals is an inlet to which a plug can be connected.
A power distribution system according to another aspect of the present disclosure includes a switching board. The switching board is installed in a building containing a plurality of rooms. The switching board switches a source of power supply to a circuit in one of the plurality of rooms among a plurality of input terminals. At least one input terminal among the plurality of input terminals is electrically connected to at least one branch breaker among the plurality of branch breakers in a distribution board different from the switching board.
A power distribution system according to another aspect of the present disclosure includes a switching board. The switching board is installed in a building containing a plurality of rooms. The switching board switches a source of power supply to a circuit in one of the plurality of rooms among a plurality of input terminals. The switching board has an accommodation space for accommodating emergency supplies.

A distribution board system according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes the switching board used in the distribution system and a distribution board.

According to the present disclosure, there is an advantage that power can be supplied more flexibly in an emergency or the like.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an introduction example of a power distribution system and a distribution board system according to Embodiment 1. FIG. FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a schematic configuration of the power distribution system and distribution board system of the same. 3A is a schematic front view when the cover of the switching board of the power distribution system is in the open position, and FIG. 3B is a schematic front view when the cover of the switching board is in the closed position. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the same switching board. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a switching board according to a first modified example of the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a switching board according to a second modification of the first embodiment. FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing a schematic configuration of a power distribution system according to Embodiment 2. FIG.

(Embodiment 1)
(1) Overview A power distribution system 1 according to the present embodiment is a system provided with a switching board 2 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 . The switching board 2 has a function of switching the source of power supply to at least some of the circuits 4 (specific circuits 40). In this embodiment, the switching board 2 switches the source of power supply to the circuit 4 (specific circuit 40) in one room of the building 7 including the multiple rooms 71, 72, and 73. FIG. Hereinafter, each of the plurality of rooms 71, 72, 73 will be referred to as "room 70" when the plurality of rooms 71, 72, 73 are not particularly distinguished.

"Building" as used in this disclosure means buildings and constructions, and is not limited to residences such as detached houses and collective housing, but also non-residential buildings such as stores, offices, schools, welfare facilities, hospitals and factories. Including buildings. Building 7 also includes a plurality of rooms 70 . A "room" as used in the present disclosure means a room assigned to a fixed person within the building 7. For example, if the building 7 is a residence, each of the living room, the dining room, the washroom, the bedroom, etc. is the room 70. configure. Here, the room 70 includes spaces where people do not normally live, such as corridors, entrances, storerooms, and closets. The room 70 may be a space that is spatially separated from other rooms 70 (or corridors, etc.) by walls and doors 700 (see FIG. 1), or may be separated from other rooms 70 (or corridors, etc.) by an atrium or the like. ) may be spatially connected. In this embodiment, as an example, a case where the building 7 to which the power distribution system 1 is applied is a detached house having three rooms 71, 72, and 73 will be described.

The switchboard 2 according to the present embodiment constitutes a distribution board system 10 together with the distribution board 3 . In other words, the distribution board system 10 according to this embodiment includes the switching board 2 and the distribution board 3 used in the distribution system 1 . The distribution board 3 according to this embodiment includes a distribution board cabinet 30 and a plurality of branch breakers 41 . The distribution board cabinet 30 accommodates a plurality of branch breakers 41 . The distribution board 3 is electrically connected to the regular power supply 5, and distributes the power supplied from the regular power supply 5 to a plurality of circuits 4 (branch circuits) corresponding to the plurality of branch breakers 41 one-to-one. .

Here, the power distribution system 1 according to this embodiment includes the switching board 2 as described above. The switching board 2 is installed in a building 7 (a detached house in this embodiment) including a plurality of rooms 70 . The switching board 2 switches the source of power supply to the circuit 4 (see FIG. 2) in one of the multiple rooms 70 between the multiple input terminals 21 and 22 (see FIG. 2).

In this embodiment, the multiple input terminals 21 and 22 include a first input terminal 21 and a second input terminal 22 . Further, in this embodiment, the switching board 2 selects the power supply source for the circuit 4 in the room 71, which is one of the three rooms 71, 72, and 73, as the first input terminal 21 and the second input terminal 21. It switches between a plurality of input terminals 21 , 22 including terminal 22 . The “terminals” such as the input terminals 21 and 22 in the present disclosure may not be parts for connecting wires or the like, and may be, for example, leads of electronic parts or part of conductors included in a circuit board. may

As described above, according to the power distribution system 1 according to the present embodiment, the source of power supply to the circuit 4 in one of the multiple rooms 70 can be switched between the multiple input terminals 21 and 22. be. As an example, one input terminal 21 of the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 is electrically connected to the regular power supply 5 (see FIG. 1), and the other input terminal 22 is electrically connected to the backup power supply 6 (see FIG. 1). It is assumed that the In this case, the switching board 2 can switch the power supply source for the circuit 4 in one room between the regular power supply 5 and the backup power supply 6 . Therefore, for example, in an emergency such as an earthquake, a typhoon, or a landslide disaster, by switching the power supply source for the circuit 4 in one room from the regular power supply 5 to the backup power supply 6, the power used in one room is secured. can do. As a result, even in an emergency such as an earthquake, a typhoon, or a landslide disaster, electric power for one room can be secured, and this one room can be used as an evacuation center (evacuation room). Therefore, according to the power distribution system 1 according to the present embodiment, power can be supplied more flexibly in an emergency or the like, compared to a configuration that only shuts off a main breaker or a specific branch breaker.

(2) Details Details of the power distribution system 1 and the distribution board system 10 according to the present embodiment will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. FIG. As described above, in this embodiment, as an example, the case where the building 7 to which the power distribution system 1 is applied is a detached house having three rooms 71, 72, and 73 will be described. As an example, assume that room 71, room 72, and room 73 are the bedroom, study, and children's room, respectively.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the switching board 2 switches the power supply source for the circuit 4 in one of the plurality of rooms 71 , 72 , 73 . Here, a case will be described where the circuit 4 whose power supply source is to be switched by the switching board 2 is the circuit 4 in the room 71 (bedroom). Hereinafter, one room (room 71 in the present embodiment) corresponding to the circuit 4 whose power supply source is switched by the switching board 2 is also referred to as a "specific room". The circuit 4 in the specific room is also called "specific circuit 40". The “circuit in a specific room” as used in the present disclosure is a circuit 4 used in a specific room (room 71) or installed in a specific room (room 71). 71) is a circuit including loads 43, 44, 45 installed in .

(2.1) Overall Configuration First, the overall configuration of the distribution board system 10 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. In this embodiment, as described above, the distribution board system 10 includes the switching board 2 used in the distribution system 1 and the distribution board 3 . A power distribution system 1 according to this embodiment includes a switching board 2 and a backup power source 6 . That is, although the backup power supply 6 is included in the power distribution system 1 in the present embodiment, the inclusion of the backup power supply 6 in the power distribution system 1 is not an essential configuration of the power distribution system 1.

The distribution board 3 has a distribution board cabinet 30 and a plurality of branch breakers 41 . As shown in FIG. 2, the distribution board 3 includes a distribution board cabinet 30 and a plurality of branch breakers 41, as well as a main breaker 31, a measurement unit 32, a current measuring device 33, a main line 34, and a main current sensor. 35.

A plurality of branch breakers 41, a master breaker 31, a measurement unit 32, a current measuring device 33, a trunk line 34, and a master current sensor 35 are part of the constituent elements of the distribution board 3 and serve as internal devices of the distribution board 3. It is housed in the distribution board cabinet 30 .

The distribution board cabinet 30 houses a branch breaker 41, a main breaker 31, a measurement unit 32, a current measuring device 33, a main line 34, a main current sensor 35, and the like. The distribution board cabinet 30 is attached to a construction material (for example, a wall of a building). The construction material is not limited to the wall of the room 70 in the building 7 (a detached house in this embodiment) in which the distribution board cabinet 30 is installed, but is, for example, the ceiling or floor of the room 70 in the building 7. good too.

The distribution board cabinet 30 is attached to the wall of the building 7, for example. The distribution board cabinet 30 is provided at a height position that is out of reach of a child of average height, for example, and at a height position that allows operation by an adult of average height. ing.

Inside the distribution board cabinet 30, a plurality of branch breakers 41, a main breaker 31, a measuring unit 32, a current measuring device 33, a main line 34, and a main current sensor 35 are accommodated. A plurality of branch breakers 41, main breaker 31, measurement unit 32, current measuring device 33, main line 34, and main current sensor 35 are attached to distribution board cabinet 30 directly or via mounting brackets or the like. there is

The main breaker 31 has a contact connected to the electric circuit between the primary side terminal and the secondary side terminal. The master breaker 31 has an operation lever on its front surface for turning on or off the contact. The master breaker 31 also includes a master breaker for breaking off the contacts when detecting an abnormal state in which an overcurrent such as an earth leakage current or an overload current flows through the contacts.

In the distribution board 3 of the present embodiment, a single-phase three-wire system is assumed as a power distribution system. Connected. The "regular power supply" referred to in the present disclosure is a power supply that is normally used on a daily basis, for example, in addition to a system power supply (commercial power supply), a solar power generation device, a wind power generation device, an electricity storage device, a fuel cell device, etc. Including distributed power sources. In this embodiment, as an example, the regular power supply 5 is a system power supply (commercial power supply).

A main line 34 is electrically connected to the secondary side terminal of the main breaker 31 . In this embodiment, a single-phase three-wire system is assumed as the power distribution system. It contains a polar (N-phase) conductive bar. Each conductive bar is formed in a long plate shape from a conductive member, and is connected to the secondary side terminal of the main breaker 31 inside the distribution board cabinet 30 .

A plurality of branch breakers 41 are divided into the upper side and the lower side of the main line 34, and arranged so as to line up in the left-right direction. In this embodiment, 12 branch breakers 41 are arranged in a horizontal direction above the main line 34 . In addition, 12 branch breakers 41 are arranged side by side in the left-right direction below the main line 34 .

Here, each branch breaker 41 is inserted into the connection end of one of the plurality of circuits 4 with the main line 34, as shown in FIG. In other words, the circuit 4 includes a branch breaker 41 and is electrically connected to the main line 34 at the branch breaker 41 . In this embodiment, the distribution board 3 includes the same number of branch breakers 41 as the plurality of circuits 4 (here, 24), so each of the plurality of circuits 4 includes branch breakers 41 .

The “circuit 4 ” referred to in the present disclosure is each branch circuit that is electrically connected to the main line 34 and branched from the main line 34 in the distribution board 3 . In this embodiment, the circuit 4 includes wiring 42 and loads 43 , 44 , 45 in addition to the branch breaker 41 . The wiring 42 is electrically connected to the secondary side terminal of the branch breaker 41 . The loads 43, 44, 45 include, for example, equipment such as lighting fixtures, air conditioners, television receivers, hot water supply equipment, and wiring devices such as outlets or wall switches. For example, in the example of FIG. 1, the load 43 is a device such as a lighting fixture, the load 44 is an outlet (wiring device), and the load 45 is a wall switch (wiring device). These loads 43 , 44 , 45 are all electrically connected to the branch breaker 41 via wiring 42 .

Each of the plurality of branch breakers 41 has a contact connected to the electric circuit between the primary side terminal and the secondary side terminal. Each branch breaker 41 has an operation lever on the front surface for turning on or off the contact. Further, each branch breaker 41 has a breaker for breaking the contact when detecting an abnormal state in which an overcurrent such as an earth leakage current or an overload current flows through the contact.

The measurement unit 32 has a measurement function of measuring at least one of current and power of the plurality of circuits 4 and a communication function of communicating with devices arranged outside the distribution board cabinet 30 .

More specifically, the measurement unit 32 is electrically connected to a main current sensor 35 that measures the current flowing through the main breaker 31 and a current measuring device 33 . Here, the master current sensor 35 is composed of, for example, a current transformer (CT). The measurement unit 32 has a function (measurement function) of calculating a power value based on the current value measured by the current measuring device 33 and the main current sensor 35 . Since the current measuring device 33 measures the current flowing through each of the plurality of circuits 4, the measuring unit 32 measures at least one of the current and power of each circuit 4 based on the current value measured by the current measuring device 33. measure.

In addition, the measurement unit 32 has a function (communication function) of communicating with a controller configured to control or monitor a device compatible with HEMS (Home Energy Management System) (hereinafter referred to as a HEMS compatible device). have. The controller is a device arranged outside the distribution board cabinet 30 . Here, HEMS-compatible devices include, for example, smart meters, solar power generation devices, power storage devices, fuel cells, electric vehicles, air conditioners, lighting fixtures, water heaters, refrigerators, television receivers, and the like. HEMS compatible devices are not limited to these devices.

The communication method between the measurement unit 32 and the controller is, for example, a communication standard such as a 920 MHz band specified low-power radio station (radio station not requiring a license), Wi-Fi (registered trademark), or Bluetooth (registered trademark). It is a wireless communication that uses radio waves as a medium in accordance with A communication method between the measurement unit 32 and the controller may be wired communication conforming to a communication standard such as a wired LAN (Local Area Network). Communication protocols for communication between the measurement unit 32 and the controller are, for example, Ethernet (registered trademark), ECHONET Lite (registered trademark), and the like.

In the distribution board 3 of the present embodiment, the measurement unit 32 receives from the current measurement device 33 the value of current flowing through each of the plurality of circuits 4 measured by the current measurement device 33 . Furthermore, the measurement unit 32 receives the current value measured by the main current sensor 35 from the main current sensor 35 . The measurement unit 32 converts each of the current values measured by the current measuring device 33 and the master current sensor 35 into power values (instantaneous power values). The measurement unit 32 has a function of calculating power amount data by integrating collected instantaneous power data over a predetermined period of time. Therefore, the controller that communicates with the measurement unit 32 can control or monitor the HEMS-compatible device based on the instantaneous power and power amount in each of the multiple circuits 4 .

The measurement unit 32 also has a function (communication function) to communicate with at least one of the solar power generation device, the power storage device, and the power conversion device electrically connected to the electric vehicle. The power conversion device performs power conversion for unidirectional charging from the distribution board 3 to the electric vehicle, and also performs bidirectional power conversion for both charging and discharging of the storage battery of the electric vehicle. may be

The measurement unit 32 also has a function of communicating with at least one of a gas meter and a water meter. The communication method between the measurement unit 32 and the solar power generation device, power storage device, and power conversion device is, for example, wired communication conforming to a communication standard such as RS-485. The communication method between the measurement unit 32 and the gas meter and water meter is not limited to wired communication, and may be wireless communication. The measurement unit 32 may be capable of communicating with, for example, a hot water storage type hot water supply device.

The current measuring device 33 is configured to measure currents flowing through the plurality of circuits 4 . The current measuring device 33 has a plurality of current sensors 331 as shown in FIG. A plurality of current sensors 331 are formed on, for example, one substrate.

A plurality of holes are formed in the substrate of the current measuring device 33 . A terminal extending from the main line 34 (conductive bar) and connected to the branch breaker 41 is inserted into each of the plurality of holes. The substrate of the current measuring device 33 is used for at least part of the electrical connection path between the multiple current sensors 331 and the measuring unit 32 .

The current sensor 331 is, for example, a Rogowski coil that is composed of a coreless air-core coil and produces an output according to the current passing through it. A current sensor 331 is formed around a hole in the substrate of the current measuring device 33 . Here, the plurality of current sensors detect the currents of the plurality of circuits 4 respectively. Thereby, in this embodiment, the current measuring device 33 measures the current flowing through each of the plurality of circuits 4 .

The current measuring device 33 performs signal processing on the outputs of the multiple current sensors 331 . Furthermore, the current measuring device 33 is configured to communicate with the measuring unit 32 . In the present disclosure, “capable of communication” means that a signal can be sent and received directly or indirectly via a network, a repeater, or the like, by an appropriate communication method such as wired communication or wireless communication. That is, the current measuring device 33 and the measuring unit 32 can exchange signals with each other. Therefore, the measuring unit 32 can receive from the current measuring device 33 the value of the current flowing through each of the plurality of circuits 4 measured by the current measuring device 33 .

The switching board 2 has a switching board cabinet 20 and a plurality of input terminals 21 and 22, as shown in FIG. The switching board 2 further has a seismic sensing unit 23 and a switching device 24 in addition to the switching board cabinet 20 and the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 . The plurality of input terminals 21 , 22 includes a first input terminal 21 and a second input terminal 22 . Here, the first input terminal 21 and the second input terminal 22 may be simply referred to as the input terminal 21 and the input terminal 22, respectively.

The plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 , the seismic sensing unit 23 and the switch 24 are part of the constituent elements of the switch board 2 , and housed in the switch board cabinet 20 as internal devices of the switch board 2 . In this embodiment, the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 are included in the switching board 2 . Not a required configuration.

The switchboard cabinet 20 accommodates a plurality of input terminals 21 and 22, a seismic unit 23, a switcher 24, and the like. The switchboard cabinet 20 is attached to a construction material (for example, a wall of a building). The construction material is not limited to the wall of the room 70 in the building 7 (a detached house in this embodiment) in which the switchboard cabinet 20 is installed, but may be, for example, the ceiling or floor of the room 70 in the building 7. good.

The switchboard cabinet 20 is installed inside one of the rooms 71, 72, and 73 in the building 7 corresponding to the circuit 4 to which the power supply source is switched by the switchboard 2, or in this one room. Placed in adjacent spaces. That is, in the present embodiment, the room 71 (bedroom) corresponds to the circuit 4 whose power supply source is switched by the switchboard 2, that is, the "specific room". It is placed inside a room (room 71) or in a space adjacent to a specific room (room 71). The “adjacent space” to the specific room (room 71 ) referred to in the present disclosure means, for example, a space such as a corridor, stairs, or entrance leading to the room 71 . Here, the switching board cabinet 20 is positioned at a height that a child of average height cannot reach, but at a height that an adult of average height can operate. is provided.

In this embodiment, as an example, the switching board cabinet 20 is installed on the wall in the room 71 that is the specific room, above the door 700 . Although the door 700 is a hinged door in the example of FIG. 1, it is not limited to a hinged door and may be a sliding door. Thus, when the switching board cabinet 20 is arranged inside the room 71, it is preferable to install it near the doorway (the door 700). That is, furniture such as bookshelves and desks are generally not often installed near the doorway of the room 71, so this arrangement makes it easy to prevent the switching board 2 from being hidden behind the furniture.

Here, the switching board 2 has a function of switching the power supply source to the circuit 4 (specific circuit 40) of one room (room 71) among the plurality of rooms 70, between the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22. have. In particular, in this embodiment, at least one input terminal 21 (first input terminal) of the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 is electrically connected to the common power supply 5 . At least one input terminal 22 (second input terminal) of the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 is electrically connected to the backup power supply 6 . Therefore, the switching board 2 can switch the supply source of power to the circuit 4 (specific circuit 40) in one room (room 71) between the regular power supply 5 and the backup power supply 6. FIG. For example, in an emergency such as an earthquake, by switching the power supply source for the circuit 4 (specific circuit 40) in one room (room 71) from the regular power supply 5 to the backup power supply 6, The power used can be secured.

The configuration of the power distribution system 1 including the switching board 2 will be described in detail in the section "(2.2) Configuration of the power distribution system".

(2.2) Configuration of Power Distribution System Next, a more detailed configuration of the power distribution system 1 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4. FIG.

The switchboard 2 included in the power distribution system 1 includes the switchboard cabinet 20, the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22, the seismic unit 23, and the switch 24, as described above. Further, in the present embodiment, the switching board 2 includes the switching board cabinet 20, the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22, the vibration sensing unit 23, and the switch 24, as well as the output terminal 25, the security light 26, and the accommodation space Sp1 ( 3A).

Inside the switchboard cabinet 20, in addition to a plurality of input terminals 21 and 22, a vibration sensing unit 23 and a switch 24, an output terminal 25 and a security light 26 are accommodated. A plurality of input terminals 21 and 22, a seismic sensing unit 23, a switch 24, an output terminal 25, and a safety light 26 are attached to the switchboard cabinet 20 directly or through attachment metal fittings or the like.

As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the switchboard cabinet 20 includes a box-shaped body 201 (see FIG. 3A) with an open front surface and a cover 202 covering the front surface of the body 201 . Cover 202 is attached to body 201 so as to be movable between a closed position and an open position. The closed position is a position where the front surface of the body 201 is covered, and the open position is a position where at least part of the front surface of the body 201 is not covered. Here, the cover 202 may be removed from the body 201 while the cover 202 is in the open position. 3A shows the cover 202 in the open position and FIG. 3B shows the cover 202 in the closed position.

In this embodiment, the switching board 2 has only two input terminals 21 and 22 (a first input terminal and a second input terminal) as the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 . Furthermore, in the present embodiment, as described above, one input terminal 21 (first input terminal) of the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 is electrically connected to the common power supply 5, and another one is connected to the input terminal 21 (first input terminal). A backup power supply 6 is electrically connected to the input terminal 22 (second input terminal).

The backup power supply 6 is a power supply device capable of supplying power to the circuit 4 at least even when the normal power supply 5 fails. Specifically, the backup power supply 6 outputs AC power similar to that of the normal power supply 5, that is, AC power having a frequency of 60 Hz (or 50 Hz) and a voltage (effective value) of 100 V (or 200 V). In this embodiment, the backup power supply 6 has a secondary battery, and outputs electric power by discharging the secondary battery.

Here, one input terminal 21 (first input terminal) of the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 is configured by a screw type terminal, and another input terminal 22 (second input terminal) is configured by , and an outlet-type inlet. That is, among the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22, the input terminal 21 connected to the normal power supply 5 is realized by a screw-type terminal that is electrically and mechanically coupled to a conductive member such as an electric wire with a screw. ing. On the other hand, among the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22, the input terminal 22 connected to the backup power supply 6 is a plug-in type inlet that is electrically and mechanically coupled to the plug by inserting the plug. is realized by That is, at least one input terminal 22 of the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 is an inlet to which a plug can be connected. The term “inlet to which a plug can be connected” as used in the present disclosure refers to a receptacle into which the blade (or pin) of the and a blade receiving spring positioned within the mouth. With such a structure, the inlet (input terminal 22) realizes electrical and mechanical connection with the insertion plug by inserting the insertion plug in a removable state.

Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the switchboard 2 is electrically connected to the distribution board 3 by feed wiring 36 . That is, the feed wiring 36 electrically connects the distribution board 3 and the switching board 2 . An end portion of the feed wiring 36 on the switching board 2 side is connected to at least one input terminal 21 (first input terminal) of the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 . On the other hand, the end of the feed wiring 36 on the distribution board 3 side is connected to at least one branch breaker 41 among the plurality of branch breakers 41 in the distribution board 3 . As a result, at least one input terminal 21 (first input terminal) of the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 is connected to at least one of the plurality of branch breakers 41 in the distribution board 3 different from the switching board 2. It is electrically connected to the branch breaker 41 . In this embodiment, the input terminal 21 provided on the switching board 2 is electrically connected to one branch breaker 41 provided on the distribution board 3 by the feed wiring 36 .

That is, the switching board 2 according to the present embodiment is inserted into one circuit 4 of the plurality of circuits 4 branched by the distribution board 3 . The input terminal 21 of the switching board 2 is electrically connected to the regular power supply 5 via one branch breaker 41 and main breaker 31 of the distribution board 3 . Therefore, power is supplied from the regular power supply 5 to the input terminal 21 via the distribution board 3, and when the main breaker 31 or the branch breaker 41 of the distribution board 3 is cut off, the regular power supply 5 to the input terminal 21 stops.

On the other hand, the backup power supply 6 is directly connected to at least one input terminal 22 (second input terminal) of the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 by a cable 61 (see FIG. 1) of the backup power supply 6. . That is, the backup power supply 6 has a cable 61 . The tip of the cable 61 is an insertion plug, and the backup power supply 6 is electrically connected to the input terminal 22 by inserting this insertion plug into the input terminal 22 which is an outlet-type inlet.

Thereby, the backup power supply 6 to be connected to the input terminal 22 can be arbitrarily selected by the user. For example, the capacity and size of the backup power source 6 can also be arbitrarily selected by the user. In addition, it is also possible to connect the backup power source 6 later as needed, if only the switching board 2 is installed in the building 7 by prior wiring. Furthermore, since the backup power supply 6 can be easily replaced, the user can easily replace the backup power supply 6 when deterioration or the like occurs in the backup power supply 6 .

Here, as shown in FIG. 3A , an inlet (input terminal 22 ), which is at least one of the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 , is accommodated in the switchboard cabinet 20 . Moreover, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3B, the input terminals 22 are exposed through the holes of the cover 202 even when the cover 202 is in the closed position. Thus, in the switching board 2 according to this embodiment, the backup power source 6 can be electrically connected to the input terminal 22 even when the cover 202 is in the closed position.

The seismic unit 23 has an earthquake detector 231 as shown in FIG. The seismic sensing unit 23 is configured to be able to communicate with the switching device 24 . The seismic sensing unit 23 exchanges signals with the switching device 24 directly or indirectly via a network, a repeater, or the like, using an appropriate communication method such as wired communication or wireless communication. In this embodiment, the communication method between the seismic sensing unit 23 and the switching device 24 is wired communication. be.

The earthquake detector 231 detects whether or not an earthquake has occurred. The earthquake detector 231 includes a sensor 232 (see FIG. 3A) such as an acceleration sensor and an angular velocity sensor, and detects shaking (vibration) caused by an earthquake or the like in the building 7 in which the switchboard 2 is installed. That is, the earthquake detection unit 231 has a sensor 232 that outputs an electrical signal corresponding to vibration, and detects the magnitude (magnitude) of shaking (vibration) acting on the sensor 232 from the electrical signal output by the sensor 232. do. Then, when the earthquake detection unit 231 detects a shake with a seismic intensity equal to or greater than a certain threshold, the seismic sensing unit 23 transmits an earthquake occurrence signal indicating the occurrence of an earthquake to the switching device 24 .

The switch 24 has a relay 241, a drive circuit 242, an operation section 243, and a display section 244, as shown in FIG. The switch 24 further has a housing that accommodates the relay 241 , drive circuit 242 , operation section 243 and display section 244 . The switch 24 also has terminals for electrically connecting the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 , the vibration sensing unit 23 , the output terminal 25 and the safety light 26 .

The relay 241 is a mechanical relay having a switching contact (C contact). The relay 241 selectively selects the connection destination of the output terminal 25 between the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 . In this embodiment, the relay 241 switches between a state in which the input terminal 21 is electrically connected to the output terminal 25 and a state in which the input terminal 22 is electrically connected to the output terminal 25 . That is, in the “normal mode”, the relay 241 electrically connects the input terminal 21 connected to the regular power supply 5 to the output terminal 25 . In the “emergency mode”, the relay 241 electrically connects the input terminal 22 connected to the backup power supply 6 to the output terminal 25 .

A drive circuit 242 is a circuit for driving the relay 241 . The drive circuit 242 is configured to receive a signal (earthquake occurrence signal) from the seismic sensing unit 23 and drive the relay 241 . Specifically, upon receiving an earthquake occurrence signal from the seismic sensing unit 23, the drive circuit 242 switches the connection destination of the output terminal 25 from the input terminal 21 (first input terminal) to the input terminal 22 (second input terminal). to control the relay 241. Furthermore, the drive circuit 242 is configured to receive a signal (return signal) from the operation section 243 and drive the relay 241 . Specifically, when receiving a return signal from the operation unit 243, the drive circuit 242 switches the connection destination of the output terminal 25 from the input terminal 22 (second input terminal) to the input terminal 21 (first input terminal). , controls the relay 241 .

The operation part 243 is a member for manually operating the relay 241 . The operation unit 243 is provided on the front surface of the housing of the switcher 24, as shown in FIG. 3A. When the input terminal 22 is electrically connected to the output terminal 25 , the operation section 243 outputs a return signal to the drive circuit 242 upon receiving an operation by the user. Therefore, by operating the operation unit 243 by the user, it is possible to switch the connection destination of the output terminal 25 from the input terminal 22 (second input terminal) to the input terminal 21 (first input terminal).

The display unit 244 displays either a state in which the input terminal 21 is electrically connected to the output terminal 25 (normal mode) or a state in which the input terminal 22 is electrically connected to the output terminal 25 (emergency mode). show if there is That is, display unit 244 displays the state of relay 241 . Specifically, the display unit 244 distinguishes between the normal mode and the emergency mode by colors, characters, numbers, symbols, or lighting states (lighting, extinguishing, blinking, etc.). As an example, the display unit 244 is preferably a self-holding display element such as electrophoretic electronic paper.

Moreover, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3B, the display section 244 is exposed through the hole of the cover 202 even when the cover 202 is in the closed position. Accordingly, in the switching board 2 according to the present embodiment, the display section 244 can be visually recognized even when the cover 202 is in the closed position, and as a result, the user can easily distinguish between the normal mode and the emergency mode. It becomes possible.

The output terminal 25 is electrically connected to the circuit 4 whose power source is switched by the switching board 2 . That is, the circuit 4 of the room 71 (bedroom), which is the “specific room”, that is, the specific circuit 40 is electrically connected to the output terminal 25 . In this embodiment, the output terminal 25 is a screw type terminal, like the input terminal 21 (first input terminal). In other words, the output terminal 25 is realized by a screw type terminal that is electrically and mechanically coupled with a conductive member such as an electric wire by means of a screw.

Here, the wiring 42 (see FIG. 2) included in the specific circuit 40 is directly connected to the output terminal 25 . That is, the wiring 42 of the specific circuit 40 electrically connects the loads 43 , 44 , 45 included in the specific circuit 40 and the output terminal 25 of the switching board 2 .

The security light 26 functions as lighting for illuminating the surroundings. The security light 26 preferably illuminates the floor surface of the room 71 in particular. This makes it easier for the user to check his feet at night or the like. In this embodiment, since the switching board 2 is arranged near the door 700 of the room 71 which is the specific room, the security light 26 also functions as a guide light indicating the entrance of the room 71 . In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3B, the safety light 26 is exposed through the hole of the cover 202 even when the cover 202 is in the closed position. Accordingly, in the switching board 2 according to the present embodiment, light from the security light 26 can easily reach the room 71 even when the cover 202 is in the closed position.

The safety light 26 may be lit all the time, or may be lit only when the switch 24 is in the emergency mode. The security light 26 has, for example, an LED (Light Emitting Diode) or an organic EL (Electro Luminescence) element as a light source. The safety light 26 may have a secondary battery that can be charged by power supply from the switch 24 or other batteries. In this case, the security light 26 may be removable from the switchboard cabinet 20 . Thereby, the security light 26 can be used as a portable light.

The storage space Sp1 is a space provided in the switching board cabinet 20 for storing disaster prevention goods K1 and K2. In other words, the switching board 2 has an accommodation space Sp1 that accommodates the emergency supplies K1 and K2. "Emergency kit" as used in the present disclosure means an emergency kit that is mainly used in the event of a disaster, and examples include flashlights, portable radios, batteries, drinking water, emergency food, and the like. In FIG. 3A, the emergency supplies K1, which are flashlights, and the emergency supplies K2, which are portable radios, are indicated by imaginary lines (two-dot chain lines). These emergency supplies K1 and K2 are held in the switching board cabinet 20 in a detachable state by hooks, magnets, or the like, for example. Therefore, when a disaster such as an earthquake occurs, the emergency supplies K1 and K2 stored in the switchboard 2 can be used.

With the above-described configuration, the switching board 2 automatically switches the power supply source to the circuit 4 (specific circuit 40) in one room (specific room) between the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 according to the switching conditions. switch to In this embodiment, the switching condition is that the earthquake detection unit 231 detects the occurrence of an earthquake. In short, in this embodiment, when the earthquake detection unit 231 detects the occurrence of an earthquake, the seismic sensing unit 23 receives an earthquake occurrence signal transmitted to the switcher 24, and the switcher 24 connects the output terminal 25. The destination is switched from the input terminal 21 to the input terminal 22 . As a result, the power supply source for the circuit 4 (specific circuit 40) in the specific room (room 71) is changed from the regular power supply 5 connected to the input terminal 21 to the backup power supply 6 connected to the input terminal 22. switch. In other words, the switching board 2 sets the detection of an earthquake by the earthquake detection unit 231 as a switching condition, and when the switching condition is satisfied, the switching board 2 switches the power supply source to the specific circuit 40 from the input terminal 21 to the input terminal 22 . automatically switch to

Further, in the present embodiment, the circuit 4 in one room, which is the target of switching the power supply source by the switching board 2, includes a lighting fixture. In other words, the circuit 4 of the room 71 (bedroom), which is the "specific room", that is, the specific circuit 40 includes the load 43 consisting of the lighting equipment. A load 43 composed of a lighting fixture is generally often connected to the distribution board 3 without going through an outlet. In the example of FIG. 1 as well, the load 43 consisting of lighting equipment is connected to the switching board 2 or the distribution board 3 via the load 45 consisting of the wall switch, not via the load 44 consisting of the outlet. Therefore, it is difficult to supply power to this type of load 43 (lighting equipment) from a source other than the distribution board 3. For example, it is difficult to supply power from a generator having an outlet output. is. In this embodiment, the specific circuit 40 to be switched the power supply source by the switchboard 2 includes the lighting equipment (load 43). 2 allows power to be supplied from a backup power supply 6 .

According to the power distribution system 1 according to the present embodiment, the source of power supply to the circuit 4 in one of the multiple rooms 70 can be switched between the multiple input terminals 21 and 22 . That is, the switching board 2 can switch the source of power supply to the circuit 4 in one room between the regular power supply 5 and the backup power supply 6 . Therefore, for example, in an emergency such as an earthquake, a typhoon, or a landslide disaster, by switching the power supply source for the circuit 4 in one room from the regular power supply 5 to the backup power supply 6, the power used in one room is secured. can do. As a result, even in an emergency such as an earthquake, a typhoon, or a landslide disaster, electric power for one room can be secured, and this one room can be used as an evacuation center (evacuation room). Therefore, according to the power distribution system 1 according to the present embodiment, power can be supplied more flexibly in an emergency or the like, compared to a configuration that only shuts off the main breaker 31 or the specific branch breaker 41 .

(3) Modifications Embodiment 1 is merely one of various embodiments of the present disclosure. Embodiment 1 can be modified in various ways according to design and the like, as long as the object of the present disclosure can be achieved. Modifications of the first embodiment are listed below. Modifications described below can be applied in combination as appropriate.

The switchboard 2 and the distribution board 3 in the present disclosure include a computer system in the measuring unit 32 and the like, for example. A computer system is mainly composed of a processor and a memory as hardware. The functions of the switching board 2 and the distribution board 3 in the present disclosure are realized by the processor executing a program recorded in the memory of the computer system. The program may be recorded in advance in the memory of the computer system, may be provided through an electric communication line, or may be recorded in a non-temporary recording medium such as a computer system-readable memory card, optical disk, or hard disk drive. may be provided. A processor in a computer system consists of one or more electronic circuits, including semiconductor integrated circuits (ICs) or large scale integrated circuits (LSIs). The integrated circuit such as IC or LSI referred to here is called differently depending on the degree of integration, and includes integrated circuits called system LSI, VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration), or ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration). In addition, a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) that is programmed after the LSI is manufactured, or a logic device capable of reconfiguring the bonding relationship inside the LSI or reconfiguring the circuit partitions inside the LSI may also be adopted as the processor. can be done. A plurality of electronic circuits may be integrated into one chip, or may be distributed over a plurality of chips. A plurality of chips may be integrated in one device, or may be distributed in a plurality of devices. A computer system, as used herein, includes a microcontroller having one or more processors and one or more memories. Accordingly, the microcontroller also consists of one or more electronic circuits including semiconductor integrated circuits or large scale integrated circuits.

In addition, it is not an essential configuration of the power distribution system 1 that at least part of the functions of the power distribution system 1 are integrated in one housing. may be provided. For example, the seismic sensing unit 23 provided on the switching board 2 in the first embodiment may be externally attached to the switching board 2 . In other words, the earthquake detection unit 231 is not limited to being built in the switching board 2 and may be provided separately from the switching board 2 . Furthermore, at least part of the functions of the power distribution system 1 may be provided in the distribution board 3 , and the vibration sensing unit 23 may be provided in the distribution board 3 , for example.

Conversely, in Embodiment 1, at least some of the functions of the power distribution system 1 that are distributed among multiple devices may be integrated into one housing. For example, the functions distributed to the seismic sensing unit 23 and the switch 24 may be integrated in one housing.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a switching board 2A according to a first modification of the first embodiment. In the example of FIG. 5 , the switching board 2A has a charging terminal 27 for charging the backup power supply 6 . In other words, in addition to the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 and the like, the charging terminal 27 is housed inside the switching board cabinet 20 . In the first modification, the backup power supply 6 has a secondary battery, and the secondary battery is charged by power supplied from the charging terminal 27 . AC power may be output from charging terminal 27, or DC power may be output. The charging terminal 27 is realized by, for example, a plug-in outlet that is electrically and mechanically coupled to the plug when the plug is inserted, similar to the input terminal 22 (second input terminal). It is Here, the charging terminal 27 may also serve as the input terminal 22 . That is, one outlet may be used both as the input terminal 22 (inlet) and the charging terminal 27 (outlet).

The charging terminal 27 outputs the power from the regular power supply 5 to the backup power supply 6 when the power from the regular power supply 5 is supplied to the input terminal 21 (first input terminal). secondary battery). The backup power supply 6 charges the secondary battery when the remaining capacity of the secondary battery is less than the threshold, and stops charging when the secondary battery is fully charged. Thereby, the backup power supply 6 is maintained in a fully charged state.

In addition, in the first modified example, the backup power source 6 is housed inside the switching board cabinet 20 together with the charging terminal 27 . That is, a space for accommodating the backup power source 6 is secured inside the switching board cabinet 20 . This facilitates maintaining the state in which the backup power source 6 is connected to the input terminal 22 and the charging terminal 27 of the switching board 2A.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a switching board 2B according to a second modification of the first embodiment. In the example of FIG. 6, the switching board 2B has a control unit 28 instead of the seismic sensing unit 23 . In other words, in addition to the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 and the like, the control unit 28 is housed inside the switching board cabinet 20 .

The control unit 28 has a voltage detector 281 as shown in FIG. A control unit 28 is electrically connected to the switch 24 . The control unit 28 exchanges signals with the switching device 24 directly or indirectly via a network, a repeater, or the like, using an appropriate communication method such as wired communication or wireless communication. In this modification, the communication method between the control unit 28 and the switch 24 is wired communication, and for example, wired communication conforming to communication standards such as RS-485 or wired LAN can be appropriately adopted. .

The voltage detection section 281 detects the magnitude of the voltage applied to the input terminal 21 (first input terminal). That is, the voltage detection section 281 detects the magnitude of the voltage applied from the regular power supply 5 to the switching board 2B. For example, when an earthquake, typhoon, landslide disaster, or the like causes a power failure of the regular power supply 5, the voltage detected by the voltage detection unit 281 drops significantly. When the voltage detected by the voltage detection unit 281 remains below a certain threshold for a certain period of time (for example, several seconds), the control unit 28 transmits a power failure occurrence signal to the switching device 24. do. In response to a power failure occurrence signal sent from the control unit 28 to the switch 24 , the switch 24 switches the connection destination of the output terminal 25 from the input terminal 21 to the input terminal 22 . As a result, the power supply source for the circuit 4 (specific circuit 40) in the specific room (room 71) is changed from the regular power supply 5 connected to the input terminal 21 to the backup power supply 6 connected to the input terminal 22. switch.

That is, in the second modification, the switching condition is that the voltage detection unit 281 detects a voltage drop (occurrence of power failure) of the regular power supply 5 . Then, the switching board 2B switches the power supply source to the circuit 4 (specific circuit 40) of one room (specific room) between the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 according to the switching condition (occurrence of power failure). switch automatically.

As another modified example of the first embodiment, the switching board 2 selects a power supply source for the circuit 4 (specific circuit 40) in one room (specific room) according to the user's operation. 22 may be switched. That is, the switching of the power supply source to the circuit 4 (specific circuit 40) in the specific room by the switch board 2 may be performed manually. In this case, the switching of the power supply source is realized, for example, by the user's operation on the operation unit 243 of the switch 24 in the switching board 2 .

Communication between the seismic sensing unit 23 and the switch 24 may be power line communication (PLC). Alternatively, communication between the seismic sensing unit 23 and the switch 24 may be non-contact communication. "Contactless communication" as used in the present disclosure includes wireless communication using radio waves as a communication medium, communication using electromagnetic coupling, and optical communication using light as a communication medium. For example, the communication between the seismic sensing unit 23 and the switch 24 is wireless communication conforming to a communication standard such as a 920 MHz band specific low-power radio station, Wi-Fi (registered trademark), or Bluetooth (registered trademark). may

Further, the input terminals 21 and 22 used as power supply sources in the switching board 2 are not limited to the first input terminal 21 and the second input terminal 22, and may be three or more input terminals. good. In this case, the switching board 2 switches the source of power supply to the specific circuit 40 among three or more input terminals.

Also, the backup power supply 6 may include, for example, a generator using the output of an internal combustion engine, wind power, or human power, a fuel cell device, a solar power generation device, or the like, instead of or in addition to the secondary battery. With this type of backup power supply 6, charging of the secondary battery is not essential, and the electric energy accumulated in the backup power supply 6 is less likely to run out even in the event of a prolonged emergency such as a power failure.

Moreover, the earthquake detection unit 231 only needs to have a function of detecting whether or not an earthquake has occurred, and does not need to include the sensor 232 such as an acceleration sensor and an angular velocity sensor. For example, the earthquake detection unit 231 may receive an electrical signal from a sensor such as an acceleration sensor and an angular velocity sensor provided separately from the earthquake detection unit 231 to detect whether an earthquake has occurred. Further, the earthquake detection unit 231 may detect whether or not an earthquake has occurred by receiving an "earthquake notification" consisting of an emergency earthquake bulletin or a push notification from a terminal such as a smartphone. That is, the earthquake detection unit 231 may determine that an earthquake has occurred by receiving the earthquake notification, and in this case, the seismic unit 23 may transmit an earthquake occurrence signal to the switch 24 . Also, the earthquake detection unit 231 may determine that an earthquake has occurred when the shaking (vibration) detected by the built-in sensor 232 reaches a seismic intensity equal to or greater than a certain threshold and when an earthquake notification is received.

Moreover, the distribution board 3 only needs to accommodate at least the branch breaker 41 in the distribution board cabinet 30, and at least one of the main breaker 31, the measurement unit 32, and the current measurement device 33 can be omitted as appropriate.

In addition, it is not essential for the switch board 2 that the switch 24 includes a mechanical contact such as a mechanical relay (relay 241). The terminals 21 and 22 may be selected alternatively. For example, the switch 24 may have a semiconductor switch such as a transistor instead of a mechanical relay, and the semiconductor switch may switch the connection destination of the output terminal 25 between the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 .

Moreover, the display unit 244 is not limited to a self-holding display element, and may be, for example, an LED or an organic EL element.

The current sensor 331 is not limited to the Rogowski coil, and may be a current transformer, a Hall element, a magnetoresistive element such as a GMR (Giant Magnetic Resistances) element, or a shunt resistor.

In addition, the distribution board 3 only needs to have a distribution board cabinet 30 and a plurality of branch breakers 41, and the distribution board 3 has a measurement unit 32, a current measuring device 33, and a master current sensor 35. This is not an essential configuration for the power distribution system 1 and the distribution board system 10 . That is, in the distribution board 3, the measurement unit 32, the current measurement device 33, and the master current sensor 35 may be omitted as appropriate.

(Embodiment 2)
The power distribution system 1 according to the present embodiment differs from the power distribution system 1 according to the first embodiment in that an individual distribution board 8 is further provided as shown in FIG. In the following, configurations similar to those of the first embodiment are denoted by common reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted as appropriate.

The individual distribution board 8 is a small-scale distribution board provided for one room (room 71 in this embodiment) corresponding to the circuit 4 whose power supply source is switched by the switching board 2 . The individual distribution board 8 has an individual cabinet 80 and a plurality of switches 81 . Individual cabinet 80 accommodates a plurality of switches 81 . The individual distribution board 8 is electrically connected to the output terminal 25 (see FIG. 4) of the switching board 2, and distributes the electric power supplied from the switching board 2 to a plurality of switches 81 in a one-to-one correspondence. of loads 43. That is, the load 43 is connected to each switch 81 via the wiring 42 . All of the multiple loads 43 connected to the individual distribution board 8 are included in the circuit 4 (that is, the specific circuit 40A) of the specific room (room 71).

Here, each switch 81 has a circuit determination function and a power adjustment function. The circuit determination function is a function to determine the state of the specific circuit 40A (including the wiring 42 and the load 43) connected to the switch 81. FIG. The power adjustment function is a function of adjusting the power supplied to the specific circuit 40A connected to the switch 81 based on the determination result of the circuit determination function. The “state of the specific circuit 40A” in the present disclosure refers to static states such as the configuration (connection relationship) of the wiring 42 and the load 43 included in the specific circuit 40A, abnormalities of the wiring 42 and the load 43, and and dynamic states, such as operating states (on/off). An example of the static state is the type and number of loads 43 connected to the switch 81 . An example of the dynamic state is the presence or absence of an abnormality such as insulation deterioration or partial disconnection in the wiring 42 . The term “half-broken wire” as used in the present disclosure means a state in which a wire is about to be broken. The line is broken.

In particular, in this embodiment, the switch 81 uses the circuit determination function to extract the wiring 42 and the load 43 that are in a state that should be cut off immediately when an earthquake occurs. More specifically, the switch 81 determines, as the state of the specific circuit 40A, whether or not at least an earthquake can lead to a fire. For example, in the case of heating equipment such as electric stoves and IH cooking heaters, when an earthquake occurs, the heating equipment may topple over or an object being heated by the heating equipment topples, leading to a fire. Therefore, for example, the switch 81 to which such a heating device is connected as the load 43 is determined to be in a "potential fire" state. On the other hand, the switch 81 to which such a heating device is not connected as the load 43 is determined not to be in a "potential fire" state.

Furthermore, for example, if the wiring 42 with an abnormality such as deterioration of insulation or partial disconnection continues to be energized, a short circuit may occur in the wiring 42 when an earthquake occurs, which may lead to a fire. Therefore, for example, the switch 81 connected to the wiring 42 with an abnormality such as insulation deterioration or partial disconnection is determined to be in a "potential fire" state. On the other hand, a switch 81 that is not connected to the wiring 42 with an abnormality such as insulation deterioration or partial disconnection is determined not to be in a "potential fire" state.

Here, the switch 81 determines the state of the specific circuit 40A based on the magnitude of power supplied to the specific circuit 40A. In other words, the plurality of switches 81 can determine the states of individual wirings 42 and loads 43 based on the magnitude of power supplied to the wirings 42 and loads 43 connected thereto. For example, the switch 81 can determine the type and number of loads 43 from changes in the magnitude of power. A specific arc in the wiring 42 can also be detected by a technique similar to an arc fault circuit interrupter (AFCI). That is, arc short circuit protection circuit breakers can detect arcing faults on wiring 42 by using electronic circuitry to recognize current and voltage characteristics characteristic of arcing faults on wiring 42 . Based on the same principle as this, the switch 81 can determine whether or not there is an abnormality in the wiring 42 .

Then, when the switching board 2 switches the power supply source to the specific circuit 40A, the switch 81 uses the power adjustment function to adjust the specific circuit 40A ( (including wiring 42 and load 43) is adjusted. "Adjusting power" in the present disclosure means adjusting the power supplied to the specific circuit 40A, and includes increasing or decreasing the power supplied to the specific circuit 40A. Therefore, setting the power supplied to the specific circuit 40A to zero (0), that is, electrically disconnecting between the specific circuit 40A and the switching board 2 is also included in "power adjustment."

In this embodiment, in the switching board 2, when the normal power supply 5 connected to the input terminal 21 is switched to the backup power supply 6 connected to the input terminal 22, the switch 81 is controlled by the power adjustment function. adjustment. The fact that the switchboard 2 has switched the power supply source to the specific circuit 40A is transmitted to the switch 81 when the switch 81 receives an earthquake occurrence signal from the seismic sensing unit 23, for example. Specifically, when receiving an earthquake occurrence signal from the seismic sensing unit 23, the plurality of switches 81 determine the state of the wiring 42 and the load 43 connected to each, and immediately cut off when an earthquake occurs. is in a favorable state, shut it down immediately. As an example, when the switch 81 connected to the load 43, which is in a state that can lead to a fire when an earthquake occurs, is connected to the heating device as described above, upon receiving the earthquake occurrence signal from the seismic sensing unit 23, The wiring 42 and the load 43 are cut off from the switching board 2 .

Therefore, when an earthquake occurs, it is possible to immediately cut off the energization from the switching board 2 for loads 43 such as electric stoves and IH cooking heaters, which should be cut off immediately when an earthquake occurs.

Also, the circuit determination function may be provided separately from the switch 81 . As an example, the circuit determination function may be implemented in a device separate from the plurality of switches 81 housed in the individual cabinet 80 . Further, the switch 81 may be provided with the function of determining whether the wiring 42 is abnormal, and the wiring device such as an outlet may be provided with the function of determining whether the load 43 includes a heat source. Alternatively, a switch 81 having a function of determining the presence or absence of an abnormality in the wiring 42 and a switch 81 having a function of determining whether the load 43 includes a heat source are provided as separate switches 81. may Furthermore, at least part of the functions of the power distribution system 1, such as the circuit determination function, may be realized by the cloud (cloud computing) or the like.

Various configurations (including modifications) described in the second embodiment can be employed in appropriate combination with various configurations (including modifications) described in the first embodiment.

(summary)
As described above, the power distribution system (1) according to the first aspect includes the switching board (2, 2A, 2B). Switchboards (2, 2A, 2B) are installed in a building (7) containing a plurality of rooms (70). The switching board (2, 2A, 2B) switches the power supply source to the circuit (4) in one room (70) among the plurality of rooms (70) between the plurality of input terminals (21, 22). switch.

According to this aspect, the source of power supply to the circuit (4) in one room (70) of the plurality of rooms (70) can be switched between the plurality of input terminals (21, 22). As an example, the switching board (2, 2A, 2B) can switch the source of power supply to the circuit (4) in one room (70) between the regular power supply (5) and the backup power supply (6). It becomes possible. Therefore, for example, in an emergency such as an earthquake, a typhoon, or a landslide disaster, by switching the power supply source for the circuit (4) in one room (70) from the normal power supply (5) to the backup power supply (6), Power can be reserved for use in one room (70). Therefore, according to the power distribution system (1), power can be supplied more flexibly in an emergency or the like, compared to a configuration that only shuts off the main breaker (31) or a specific branch breaker (41).

In the power distribution system (1) according to the second aspect, in the first aspect, at least one input terminal (22) of the plurality of input terminals (21, 22) is an inlet to which a plug can be connected. be.

According to this aspect, power can be supplied to the input terminal (22) from the backup power supply (6) or the like simply by inserting the insertion plug into the input terminal (22).

In the power distribution system (1) according to the third aspect, in the second aspect, the switchboards (2, 2A, 2B) include a switchboard cabinet (20), a plurality of input terminals (21, 22), have The inlet is housed in a switchboard cabinet (20).

According to this aspect, since the inlet to which the plug can be connected is accommodated in the switchboard cabinet (20), a space for installing the inlet is secured separately from the installation space of the switchboard cabinet (20). you don't have to.

In the power distribution system (1) according to the fourth aspect, in any one of the first to third aspects, at least one input terminal (22) of the plurality of input terminals (21, 22) is a backup power supply (6 ).

According to this aspect, by switching the source of power supply to the circuit (4) in one room (70) to the backup power supply (6), the one room (70) can be used even when a power failure occurs. Power can be secured.

In the power distribution system (1) according to the fifth aspect, in the fourth aspect, the switching board (2, 2A, 2B) has a charging terminal (27) for charging the backup power supply (6).

According to this aspect, since the backup power source (6) can be charged at the charging terminal (27) of the switching board (2, 2A, 2B), the backup power supply (6) can be charged separately from the switching board (2, 2A, 2B). There is no need to prepare a means for charging the

In the power distribution system (1) according to the sixth aspect, in any one of the first to fifth aspects, the switching board (2, 2A, 2B) is inside or adjacent to one room (70) It is placed in a space where

According to this aspect, the wiring length between the switching board (2, 2A, 2B) and the circuit (4) in the room (70) can be kept relatively short.

In the power distribution system (1) according to the seventh aspect, in any one of the first to sixth aspects, the switching board (2, 2A, 2B) supplies power to the circuit (4) in one room (70) The source is automatically switched between a plurality of input terminals (21, 22) according to switching conditions.

According to this aspect, since the power supply source to the circuit (4) in one room (70) is automatically switched between the plurality of input terminals (21, 22), the user does not have to manually switch. Absent.

In the power distribution system (1) according to the eighth aspect, according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, the circuit (4) in one room (70) includes a lighting fixture.

According to this aspect, it is possible to supply power from the backup power supply (6), for example, to lighting fixtures to which it is difficult to supply power from other than the distribution board (3).

In the power distribution system (1) according to the ninth aspect, in any one of the first to eighth aspects, at least one input terminal (21) of the plurality of input terminals (21, 22) has at least one branch It is electrically connected to the breaker (41). At least one branch breaker (41) is at least one branch breaker (41) among a plurality of branch breakers (41) in a distribution board (3) different from the switching boards (2, 2A, 2B). .

According to this aspect, when an abnormality such as an overcurrent occurs after the switching board (2, 2A, 2B), the branch breaker (41) of the distribution board (3) switches the switching board (2, 2A, 2B). 2B) can be cut off.

In the power distribution system (1) according to the tenth aspect, in any one of the first to ninth aspects, the switching board (2, 2A, 2B) includes an accommodation space (Sp1) for accommodating disaster prevention goods (K1, K2). have

According to this aspect, the emergency goods (K1, K2) housed in the housing space (Sp1) can be used in an emergency such as an earthquake, typhoon, or landslide disaster.

A distribution board system (10) according to an eleventh aspect includes a switching board (2, 2A, 2B) used in the distribution system (1) according to any one of the first to tenth aspects, and a distribution board (3 ) and

According to this aspect, the source of power supply to the circuit (4) in one room (70) of the plurality of rooms (70) can be switched between the plurality of input terminals (21, 22). As an example, the switching board (2, 2A, 2B) can switch the source of power supply to the circuit (4) in one room (70) between the regular power supply (5) and the backup power supply (6). It becomes possible. Therefore, for example, in an emergency such as an earthquake, a typhoon, or a landslide disaster, by switching the power supply source for the circuit (4) in one room (70) from the normal power supply (5) to the backup power supply (6), Power can be reserved for use in one room (70). Therefore, according to the distribution board system (10), power can be supplied more flexibly in an emergency or the like compared to a configuration that only shuts off the main breaker (31) or a specific branch breaker (41). can.

The configurations according to the second to tenth aspects are not essential to the power distribution system (1), and can be omitted as appropriate.

1 Distribution System 2, 2A, 2B Switchboard 3 Distribution Board 6 Backup Power Source 7 Building 10 Distribution Board System 20 Switchboard Cabinet 21, 22 Input Terminal 27 Charging Terminal 41 Branch Breaker 43 Load (Lighting Equipment)
70 Rooms K1, K2 Disaster prevention supplies Sp1 Storage space

Claims (10)

Equipped with a switchboard installed in a building containing multiple rooms,
The switching board switches a source of power supply to a circuit in one of the plurality of rooms between a plurality of input terminals,
at least one of the plurality of input terminals is an inlet to which a plug can be connected;
distribution system. The switchboard has a switchboard cabinet and the plurality of input terminals,
The inlet is housed in the switchboard cabinet,
The power distribution system of claim 1 . at least one input terminal of the plurality of input terminals is electrically connected to a backup power supply;
3. The power distribution system according to claim 1 or 2 . The switching board has a charging terminal for charging the backup power supply,
4. The power distribution system of claim 3 . The switching board is arranged inside the one room or in a space adjacent to the one room,
The power distribution system according to any one of claims 1-4 . The switching board automatically switches the source of power supply to the circuit in the one room between the plurality of input terminals according to switching conditions.
The power distribution system according to any one of claims 1-5. the one-room circuit includes a lighting fixture;
The power distribution system according to any one of claims 1-6. Equipped with a switchboard installed in a building containing multiple rooms,
The switching board switches a source of power supply to a circuit in one of the plurality of rooms between a plurality of input terminals,
At least one input terminal among the plurality of input terminals is electrically connected to at least one branch breaker among the plurality of branch breakers in a distribution board different from the switching board,
distribution system. Equipped with a switchboard installed in a building containing multiple rooms,
The switching board switches a source of power supply to a circuit in one of the plurality of rooms between a plurality of input terminals,
The switching board has an accommodation space for accommodating emergency supplies,
distribution system. The switching board used in the power distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
a distribution board;
switchboard system.

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